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Sunny Boy SWR 2100U

1. 120 V initialization input voltage 120 V 240 V changing operating condition or manually initi ated condition waiting starting conditions are being checked checking grid feeding grid normal operation MPP or constant voltage mode derating mode Reduction of power fed to the grid due to in creased temperature of the heat sink insulation failure ground fault of the PV panels see chapter 4 2 failure GFDI fuse is defective see chapter 4 2 failure internal or external failure exact description depending on blink code see chapter 4 3 OO O O Consistent Failure A failure of the utility has occurred Table 4 1 Operation indication overview SB2100U 5 25 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 1 Operation Indicator Standby night Q GO all LEDs are off C9 The Sunny Boy is in Standby mode The input voltage is too low V lt 120 V for supplying the Sunny Boy control system with enough power Initialization all LEDsare on The Sunny Boy control system is initializing The string voltage to the inverter is between approx 120 V and 240 V The supply is suf ficient for the system control and not quite sufficient for feeding to the grid Data trans mission is not possible NOTE In some seldom cases bad weather low solar radiation the LEDs 3 can go on all at once and off again This blinking results from the fact that the incoming
2. class 3K6 NEMA 4X 17 08 x 11 61 x 8 42 inch 434 x 295 x 214 mm 70 Ib 32 kg in compliance with FCC Part 15 B DIN EN 50081 part 1 EN 55014 EN 60555 part 2 EN 55011 group 1 class B DIN EN 50082 part 1 in compliance with UL1741 EN 61000 3 2 in compliance with UL1741 optional MSD VDEW E DIN VDE 0126 10 97 DIN EN 50178 4 98 VDE 0160 DIN EN 60146 part 1 1 3 94 VDE 0558 part 11 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description hd wa ERN 6 0 PEEL lA o po po po pM a 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 U A Fig 4 2 Maximum Input Current of the Sunny Boy 2100U 3000 2500 2000 1500 Pac W 1000 500 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 U V Fig 4 3 Output Power of the Sunny Boy 2100U SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 28 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 0 9 0 8 0 6 0 5 0 4 efficiency P o 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 1 25 1 50 1 75 2 00 2 25 2 50 Pac kW Fig 4 4 Efficiency of the Sunny Boy 2100U SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 29 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Parameter List Sunny Boy 2100U All parameters are transmitted to Sunny Data or to the Sunny Boy Control when the Sunny Boy is configured The following table shows the available parameters from n Fixed 00 2 3 Installer 600 600 Installe
3. eMail e URL SMA in Europe Address e Phone e Fax eMail URL Technical Description SMA America Inc 12438 Loma Rica Dr Grass Valley CA 95945 530 273 4895 530 274 7271 info sma america com www sma america com SMA Technologie AG Hannoversche Stra e 1 5 D 34266 Niestetal 0049 561 9522 0 operator 0049 561 9522 499 Sunny Boy Service 0049 561 9522 100 main fax 0049 561 9522 4699 Sunny Boy Service mailto info sma de www sma de Appendix drilling template SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 id 32 C SMA America Inc
4. Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description tween a PC and one single Sunny Boy ILZ NOTE RS232 communication with a Sunny Boy is only a reasonable solu tion with direct connection to the PC If a Sunny Boy Control is used in stead of the PC an RS485 connection is necessary See section RS485 communication for details RS485 communication In grids loaded with high interference several Sunny Boys can be connected to a PC or the Sunny Boy Control via RS485 and a separate data cable Data cables of up to 1200 m are permissible Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Control LE I SunnyBoy Sunny Boy Sunny Boy interface converter RS232 TE 3 RS485 eeoe mua Fig 3 2 Schematic layout of RS485 data transmission with several Sunny Boys Mi i SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 16 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 3 2 PV System Management and Diagnosis Sunny Data Sunny Data is used in order to establish a communication between a PC and your Sunny Boys and process and evaluate the data from these Selected measurement channels can be displayed online The data can be displayed manually or automatically The data is stored on any available mass storage medium Special functions allow the installer to modify the operating parameters of the Sunny Boy in order to improve the system performance Details are available in the Sunny Data manual Sunny
5. 2 3 2 Connection to Electrical Utility Grid eeeeeeeeeeee 16 S OMIT IS SION MIG dedo ew ed o ks Md MM EN Mv dM EE 20 4 Operation and Failure Indication LEDs ssseee 23 4 1 Operation Indicator accu Price me a Devas tee npe rer 26 4 2 Ground Fault IndiCaloE ed ce pe en Ud E c uper 29 4 3 Failure IsTo fer ui a eet HE E E 30 4 4 Opening and closing of the Sunny Boy ssessssseeeee 35 4 5 Upgrading or modification of the Sunny Boy interface ssssssss 38 4 6 Measuring Channels and Messages sse 40 4 7 MeasurementPrecision ena eR Te otro dita dE 42 Sraubleshoollhid uuo irr Eee gu eode t ot ilte tette d eed oor aue 43 6 Warranty Regulations and Liability 0 cece cece eee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 45 T Technical D ta sono ob Slatin a Labium et Neid 47 7 1 1 Minimum MPP voltage of the PV panel sseseeee 48 9 og rU NU ME 55 SB21 00U ui 5 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 1 Introduction The SMA Sunny Boy is a string inverter for grid tied operation With this manual the Sunny Boy can be installed and operated in a safe way This installer s guide is used as reference for the commissioning and as guideline on how to use all functions of the inverter optimally and how you can extend your existing PV plant Supplementary grid feeding inc
6. Fig 7 2 Maximal Input Current of the Sunny Boy 2100U 3000 2500 2000 1500 Pac W 1000 500 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 U V Fig 7 3 Output Power of the Sunny Boy 2100U SB2100U m 52 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U 0 5 efficiency P acl o o o N A o as SB2100U Installation and User Manual 0 50 0 75 1 00 1 25 1 50 1 75 2 00 2 25 2 50 Pac kW Fig 7 4 Efficiency of the Sunny Boy 2100U 53 i SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Parameter List Sunny Boy 2100U All parameters are transmitted to Sunny Data or to the Sunny Boy Control when the Sunny Boy is configured The following table shows the available parameters Change by 300 Installer Installer Installer Installer Fixed 23 Testcurrent Zac Installer 30 Fac delta Hz 4 5 0 69 Installer 31 Fac delta Hz ee Installer 43 Hardware BFS Version Fixed 44 Software BFR Version _ Fixed Default EMT USA 60Hz Installer Table 7 2 Parameter list for the Sunny Boy 2100U SB21 00U gt 54 i SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 8 Appendix Information about SMA Further literature about the Sunny Boy inverter family User Manual Sunny Boy 700U User Manual Sunny Boy 1100U User Manual Sunny Boy 1800U User Manual Sunny Boy 2100U User Manual Sunny Boy 2500U User Manual Sunny Boy 3600U User Manual Sunny Boy 6000U
7. thread in the Sunny Boy case is not damaged by tilted screws Under certain conditions the enclosure type NEMA 4X cannot be guaranteed any more When mounting the Sunny Boy outside moisture can get into the device and damage the electronics WARNING Make sure that the lid is closed before applying power to the Sunny Boy e Ensure that all AC and DC wiring is correct SB2100U 20 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Powering Up for the First Time Please follow the order described when commissioning the device Fig 3 1 provides a sequence chart for commissioning e Switch the DC breaker ON again so that the Sunny Boy is supplied with the DC voltage e The Sunny Boy switches to fully automatic normal operation The green LED is blinking Should the red LED still be on the GFDI fuse is defective and has to be replaced or there is a PV array ground fault You will find a description of the correct type in chapter 4 2 Switch DC on and wait 30 seconds Green LED Switch DC off and Check GFDI fuse blinking wait 5 minutes replace if needed Normal operation steady green grid feeding after 5 min Fig 3 1 Commissioning Flowchart SB2100U D 21 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual If the input voltage is high enough the Sunny Boy should start to feed inverted PV power fully automatically to the grid once enough power is coming from the PV module
8. 05P nom 9 0 V 5f in accordance with UL 1741 AC AC l r in accordance with UL1741 independent disconnection MSD redundant design double current controlled II 2 88 kV 1 s 4 kV serial interface 6 kV optional optional electrically separated RS232 RS485 50 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Power Consumption Internal consumption during operation Internal consumption during stand by Efficiency Maximum efficiency Ambient Conditions Tolerable ambient temperature Rel humidity Size amp Weight Enclosure type Size w x h x d Weight Certifications EMI Utility interaction Utility monitoring Low voltage regulation SB2100U 51 Installation and User Manual lt 7W lt 0 25 W nmax gt 94 8 13 F 140 F 25 C 60 C 0 100 class 3K6 NEMA 4X 17 08 x 11 61 x 8 42inch 434 x 295 x 214 mm 70 Ib 32 kg in compliance with FCC regulations DIN EN 50081 Part 1 EN 55014 EN 60555 Part 2 EN 55011 group 1 class B DIN EN 50082 part 1 in compliance with UL1741 EN 61000 3 2 in compliance with UL1741 optional MSD VDEW E DIN VDE 0126 10 97 DIN EN 50178 4 98 VDE 0160 DIN EN 60146 part 1 1 3 94 VDE 0558 part 11 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual ed lev A ee 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 U A
9. Any kind of measurement always depends on the accuracy The reproducibility of the measurement values is conceived for an ambient temperature of 77 F 25 C Other temperatures must be evaluated with respect to the inaccuracy resulting from these different temperatures Range Resolution Maximal failure Display Measurement Sy 77 F input voltage Voy 0 650 V 1V 1 12V 2 96 V input current ley 0 12000 mA 1mA 12 mA 4 mA grid voltage Vac 180 300 V 1V 0 3 V 1 V grid current lac 0 15000 mA 1 mA 30 mA 2 mA grid fre 45 55 Hz 0 01 Hz 0 01 Hz quency output 0 2500 W 1W 1W power energy yield E 0 4 29 10 Wmin 1 Wmin 20 Wmin t3 96 kWh operating H h 0 4 29 105 s 1s 0 67 us 40 1 95 hours Table 3 1 Measurement accuracy of the Sunny Boy SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 22 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 4 Technical Data Input PV panel Maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel WARNING It is essential to comply with the respective input voltage range which varies depending on the type and number of PV modules used WARNING The maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel may not ex ceed the specified maximum input voltage of the Sunny Boy The open circuit voltage of the PV panel depends on the temperature of its cells and on the respective solar radiation The highest open circuit voltage of the PV panel occurs when the temperature of the cells is at
10. Data Datei Bearbeiten Messung Anzeige SWR700 System Optionen Fenster SWR700 1 schema PV Anlage PV Module SWR 700 532 SWR700 4 SWR700 5 SWR700 6 SWR700 7 SWR700 8 Fig 3 3 Sunny Data user interface SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 17 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Sunny Data Control Large PV systems are supervised and monitored with a Sunny Boy Control The Sunny Boy Control handles up to 50 Sunny Boys and assists the commissioning of the PV system Additional features are remote diagnosis via modem fax messages and more The data can be collected by a PC connected to the Sunny Boy Control Sunny Data Control is the software that manages the PV system and can display the data in nearly any desired way For details see the Sunny Data Control manual D kw 235 kwh comm aD single device c1 c detailed device information TY Device Single Information i l Ea Serial Number 100420132 Device Type SunBC 05 Field Position d Transmission Quality Good 100 0 Pac MP E Total E heute Betriebszeit Netz Ein Seriennummer Status Fehler 100420132 Betrieb is running SunBC 05 100420132 Position 1 1 short information Fig 3 4 Sunny Data Control user interface SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 18 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 3 3 Measuring Channels and Messages The communication supports
11. L2 and one equipment grounding conduc tor Protective earth PE WARNING Make sure the main 240 V breaker in the main utility breaker box is switched OFF before you connect the AC terminal block The grid impedance value at the connection point should be as low as possible to avoid an increase of the AC voltage to non permissible values while the Sunny Boy feeds to the grid This also results in a higher system efficiency EXAMPLE The impedance is the sum of the electricity grid impedance at 5 house distribution and all impedance values of cables and clamping A hk points NB Impedance values are e ca 0 44 for a 70 feet 16 4 m cable with a cross section of AWG 14 e ca 0 40 O for a 100 feet 33 m cable with a cross section of AWG 12 ca 0 43 Q for a 175 feet 57 m cable with a cross section of AWG 10 The total impedance of the grid plus the interconnecting ac cables and connections must be less than 1 25 Ohms SB2100U E 1 6 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual a gt p Ppt aut pc PN MSN mM Be X DADANA SM m e m ele i D S A m i x de a bons Aves T T ov LN 108 BS Diete 1109 oom Pd rakaene IL aceros 9 eeneres Fig 2 8 AC Connection Terminals e Connect the main 240 Volt AC breaker box to the Sunny Boy by a 1 2 conduit e Insert the conduit fitting in the very right opening of the Sunny Boy Fasten the fittin
12. Vac V Fig 7 1 Minimal MPP voltage as a function of grid voltage SB2100U m 48 s SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Input Values of the Sunny Boy DC side Input voltage MPP range depending on Vo Max open circuit voltage under all conditions Max input current Max DC power Recommended PV panel power Voltage ripple All pole disconnection on DC side Pole confusion protection Ground fault protection V ihor SB2100U 49 Installation and User Manual Voy 234 V 550 V DC V lt 600 V DC ly 13A DC P 2710W DC upto 3000 W V lt 10 PP optional external DC breaker short circuit diode ground fault detection l gt 1000 mA SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Output Values of the Sunny Boy Utility side Nominal output power Maximum output power Operating range utility voltage Operating range utility frequency Total Harmonic Distortion THD Phase shift ref fundamental Utility monitoring Islanding protection Ground Fault Protection All pole disconnection utility Short circuit protection Overvoltage classification Testing voltage 50 Hz Testing voltage for surge 1 2 50 us External Interfaces Data transmission via Powerline Data transmission via separate cable SB2100U zm 2100 W AC P 2100 W AC ACmax V 211 264 V AC AC f 59 3 60 5 Hz AC THD 4 96 with K 295 Pac gt
13. determined and set MPP Sunny Boy is in MPP mode SB2100U ig 40 id SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U V Const Derating Disturbance Error messages F Bfr Srr F EEPROM F EEPROM dBh F Fac Bfr F Fac Srr F dZac Bfr F dZac Srr F Imax F Shut Down F MSD UAC F MSD FAC F MSD Meas F K1 Close F K1 Open F EarthCurMax S F EarthCurMax B F MSD ZAC F Offset F MSD Timeout F Vac Bfr F Vac Srr F VpvMax F Zac Bfr F Zac Srr F Watchdog F GFDI Fuse Ope F ROM SB2100U Installation and User Manual Sunny Boy is in constant voltage MPP mode reduction of the grid feeding power failure communication between micro controllers is failing EEPROM cannot be read or written on EEPROM cannot be read or written on BFR frequency measurement value out of tolerable range SSR frequency measurement value out of tolerable range BFR impedance measurement value out of tolerable range SSR impedance measurement value out of tolerable range internal over current internal over current continuous different values between BFR and SRR for grid voltage different values between BFR and SRR for grid frequency different values between BFR and SRR for dl Fac Vac or Zac Relay test failed Relay test failed SRR earth current between PV and GND is out of tolerable range BFR earth current between PV and GND is out of tolerable range different values between BFR and SRR for grid impedance Offset check for grid voltage failed BFR or SSR controller fa
14. eb le ves 10 2 32 Sequential Control System e eo beet tme Re E pl cand be cR Raps 11 2 33 lt Sfainless Steel Case miee a a vit d reete A ep gps 11 2 3 4 Isl nding Protection oe eret ntes hemes 12 219 5 Cav VIORHIOFIEE sooo Ont bo as ih has pod OC Mdb pte ORDRE 13 2 3 6 Ground Fault Detector Interrupter GFDI ssseesseeesesse 14 3 System Monitoring and Diagnosis se o ret tr ot eh ep gs teed tie neu 15 3 1 Data Transmission with a Separate Data Cable ssessusss 15 3 2 PV System Management and Diagnosis ssssessseeese 17 3 3 Measuring Channels and Messages ssssssseeeeenn 19 3 4 Measurement PreCISIOR toute tte t rente re p n ea eet ld ua ad 22 4 Technical Dalla sco coo td tbt Rut ect eb anna tss d te hund es 23 D SAPDSMON roca a een ED Recetas iet sa ote Reems 31 SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 4 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 1 Introduction You have decided to use one of the most sophisticated devices and for the most ad vanced modular PV system technology by purchasing a Sunny Boy string inverter SMA string technology has revolutionized parallel grid feeding The SMA Sunny Boy String Inverters are the most successful photovoltaic String Inverters in Europe They convince with their outstanding qualities concerning the efficiency and reliability and make the installation of a PV system most simple a
15. inner side of the lid is placed cor rectly When screwing the inner screws make sure that the thread in the Sunny Boy case is not damaged by tilted screws Under certain conditions the enclosure type NEMA 4X cannot be guaranteed any more When mounting the Sunny Boy outside moisture can get into the device and damage the electronics WARNING Make sure that the lid of the Sunny Boy is screwed tightly to the case before you start operating the Sunny Boy e Connect the PV panel by switching ON the DC breaker in the DC disconnect enclo sure e Connect the grid by switching ON the main 240 Volt breaker With sufficient power from the PV panel the Sunny Boy should now start automatically feeding the grid SB21 00U E 37 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 5 Upgrading or Modification of the Sunny Boy Interface The Sunny Boy is prepared for data transmission By simply plugging on a piggy back module it supports transmission via RS232 or RS485 interfaces In order to install a new interface in the Sunny Boy a corresponding piggy back module has to be installed on the system control board WARNING Follow all relevant instructions in chapters 2 3 Wiring 3 Commissioning 4 4 Opening and closing of the Sunny Boy in the Sunny Boy manual WARNING The Sunny Boy works with high voltages externally and inter nally which can cause considerable harm to people Only a qualified elec trician may
16. radiation is not high enough for the Sunny Boy to keep it sta ble Note This is not a malfunction SB2100U 26 z SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Stop 3 Green LED blinks 3 times per second C Red LED off G9 Yellow LED off The inverter has stopped operation among other tasks the measurement electronics is calibrated Subsequent condition is Waiting Stop condition can be initiated by the user with the Sunny Boy Control or the program Sunny Data The Sunny Boy remains in this condition until set to MPP Operation or Constant Voltage Operation Waiting Grid Monitoring Q Green LED blinks once per second Red LED off G9 Yellow LED off The Sunny Boy is checking the utility concerning its suitability for feeding electricity start ing voltage starting time and begins to monitoring NOTE If the Sunny Boy fails to connect to the utility 3 times in a row it will IEY wait for 10 minutes before the next attempt SB21 00U 27 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Operation Green LED on Q Red LED off Q Yellow LED off all LEDs are off The Sunny Boy is feeding the local electricity grid either in MPP or in Constant Volt age operation MPP operation default setting The Sunny Boy pushes the voltage from the PV modules to the voltage with the maximum output power Constant Voltage operation The voltage f
17. the Sunny Boy was delivered in if it is necessary to send the Sunny Boy to the manufacturer SB21 00U a 44 zi SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 6 Warranty Regulations and Liability Warranty The warranty period is 5 years from the date of purchasing the device by the end user It ends at the latest 30 months after the delivery date from SMA and includes all defects caused by material or manufacturing faults The guaranty period for warranty repairs or compensation deliveries ends 12 months after delivery but runs at least until the expiration of the original warranty period for the delivered item Evidence SMA will only render warranty services if the rejected device is sent back to SMA together with a copy of the account the distributor has issued for the consumer The type plate at the device must be legible In case of non fulfillment SMA reserves the right to refuse warranty services Conditions The device will be repaired at SMA s discretion in its works without invoicing material and work or a replacement resp compensation device will be delivered The rejected device is to be sent back to SMA in the original packing or in a transport pack ing of equal quality The customer has to grant SMA the necessary time and opportunity to repair the defects SB21 00U i 45 zi SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Exclusion of Liability Excluded are any warra
18. the data with other programs such as MS Excel SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 8 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description The data transmission is done via Powerline see chapter Error Reference source not found SMA supports the following monitoring strategies for Sunny Boy string in verters e PC with software package Sunny Data for small and medium size PV systems also for Sunny Boy Control and Sunny Boy Control Light Sunny Boy Control as standalone controller for nearly any PV system size PC with software package Sunny Data Control for enhanced operation together with the Sunny Boy Control These monitoring concepts support the following features Continuous acquisition of operation data of all connected string inverters and their PV panels Supervision of operating states and failure indication Spot value transmission from single Sunny Boys e Identification of failures in the single strings e Graphical representation of the data from single Sunny Boys or comparison of the data from several ones e System management transmission of operation parameters SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 9 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 3 Technical design of the Sunny Boy The Sunny Boy inverter is based on a power unit that operates with a very high effi ciency and optimal reliability An IGBT H bridge converts the voltage coming from the PV modules to a high frequency sec
19. 0 WARNING Connecting the Sunny Boy to the electrical utility grid must gt gt gt only be done after receiving prior approval from the utility company and performed only by qualified personnel 2 1 What Must Be Done in Case of Transport Damages The Sunny Boy inverters are thoroughly checked before they are shipped Even though they are delivered in a sturdy packaging which can be recycled the inverters can be damaged which is the forwarding company s fault in most cases Please inspect your inverter thoroughly after it is delivered If any damages can be detected on the packaging that could lead to the conclusion that the contents is dam aged or if you detect that the inverter is damaged please immediately notify the for warding company SMA or your local supplier can help you in this matter In any case the declaration of transport damage must be made within 6 days upon receipt of the product and must be stated in writing directly to the forwarding agent If it is necessary to return the in verter to the manufacturer please use the packaging the inverter was sent in SB21 00U ig 7 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 2 2 Placement of the Sunny Boy The Sunny Boy is a sophisticated electronic device and is therefore sensitive to hu midity within the case i NOTE If the Sunny Boy is placed outside the humidity during the installa tion should be as low as possible pay special a
20. REES LU PUP PUPP AC DISCONNECT SWITCH AC DISTRIBUTION PANEL EARTH GROUNE Fig 2 4 Simplified Electrical Wiring Diagram of a PV System GFDI Fuse Communication DC Connection Euuoeton AC Connection Fig 2 5 Underside view of the Sunny Boy SB2100U 1 2 T SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual WARNING All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with all local electrical codes and the National Electrical Code NEC ANSI NFPA 70 Use no 14 AWG minimum 90 C 194 F copper wire for all connec tions with the Sunny Boy Voltage drop and other considerations may dic tate that larger wire sizes be used The AC grid and the input from the DC disconnect enclosure are connected to the inverter inside the case Cables with wire sizes up to 10 AWG 5 26 mm are ac cepted by the AC and DC terminals on the printed circuit board WARNING The connection of the Sunny Boy to the DC voltage from the PV string and the AC voltage of the utility must be done in the order de scribed here This ensures that the disconnecting of contacts as well as hazardous voltages during the installation are avoided e Connect the Sunny Boy to the electricity grid e Connect the PV strings to the DC disconnect enclosure e Connect the DC disconnect enclosure to the Sunny Boy e Connect the utility by switching all breakers ON To disconnect the Sunny Boy from the syste
21. Sunny Boy SWR 2100U Installation and User Manual Grid Tied String Inverter for Photovoltaic Systems SB2100U 11 SE0506 Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Rev Document Number Ne Date By Description SB2100U 11 SE0506 1 0 Jan 2006 JP First US Version SB2100U SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions that shall be followed during in stallation and maintenance of the Sunny Boy To reduce the risk of electrical shock and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the Sunny Boy the following safety symbols have been placed throughout this technical description to indicate dangerous conditions and im portant safety instructions WARNING This indicates a fact or feature very important for the safety of the user and or which can cause a serious hardware defect if not applied gt appropriately Use extreme caution when performing this task NOTE This indicates a feature that is important either for optimal and a comfortable usage or optimal operation of the system Follow instructions closely EXAMPLE This indicates an example yet ae TT Es SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS SB2100U 3 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with
22. User Manual Sunny Data e User Manual Sunny Data Control e User Manual Sunny Boy Control e SMA CD products technical documentation driver Sunny Boy in the Internet All documentation and software concerning the Sunny Boy products is available on the Internet http www sma america com SB21 00U c 55 zi SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Our Web site is updated frequently and offers e the latest information concerning the family of Sunny Boy inverters e training schedules e the latest software e help with the design and troubleshooting of your PV plant e additional information about SMA America Inc SB21 00U TA 56 zi SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U SMA in the USA e Address Telephone e Fax e eMail e URL SMA in Europe e Address Telephone e Fax e eMail e URL SB2100U Installation and User Manual SMA America Inc 12438 Loma Rica Dr Grass Valley CA 95945 530 273 4895 530 274 7271 info sma america com http www sma america com SMA Technologie AG Hannoversche StraBe 1 5 D 34266 Niestetal 0049 561 9522 0 operator 0049 561 9522 499 Sunny Boy Service 0049 561 9522 100 main fax 0049 561 9522 4699 Sunny Boy Service mailto info sma de http www sma de 57 E SMA America Inc Sunny Boy SWR 2100U Technical Description Grid Tied String Inverter for Photovoltaic Systems SB2100U Tec
23. a number of measuring channels and messages from the Sunny Boy inverters The following abbreviations are used BFR SRR Betriebsf hrungsrechner Sequential Control System Stromregelungsrechner Current Control System Measuring Channels Vpv Vpv Setpoint lac Vac Fac Pac Zac Vpv PE Ipv E Total h Total Power On Serial Number Mode Error SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 PV input voltage PV desired input voltage of the Vpv control current to the grid grid voltage grid frequency power fed to grid grid impedance PV voltage to earth current from PV panels energy yield total operation hours total system start ups Sunny Boy serial number operating mode failure description for mode disturbance i 1 9 ES SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Mode Messages Stop Offset Waiting Grid monitoring MPP Search MPP V Const Disturbance Error messages F Bfr Srr F EEPROM F EEPROM dBh F Fac Bfr F Fac Srr F dZac Bfr F dZac Srr F Imax F Shut Down F MSD UAC F MSD FAC F MSD Meas F K1 Close F K1 Open F EarthCurMax S F EarthCurMax B F MSD ZAC F Offset F MSD Timeout F Vac Bfr SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 Technical Description manual system stop offset calibration of the electronics grid conditions are not fulfilled yet checking grid grid impedance PV voltage is determined and set Sunny Boy is in MPP mode Sunny Boy is in constant voltage MPP mode failure communication betw
24. duction of these costs especially the costs for the cabling on the DC side and the subsequent distribution on the AC side was the reason for de veloping the String Technology from SMA The Sunny Boy finally enabled the string technology to be the standard system design for PV systems String technology means that a small number of PV modules are connected in series to a string each string is then connected to a separate inverter which feeds the electricity of one string to the grid Large PV systems consist of a large number of single strings The energy produced is collected directly on the AC side which results in the fact that the system design gets very simple and no extraordinary DC cabling is necessary anymore String Technology allows MPP tracking for each small module group thus improving system efficiency by 1 3 96 The most various system concepts can be realized with this strategy A wide range of differently scaled inverters and peripheral components is available Sunny Boy Inverters e Sunny Boy 700U The small model for small PV systems with simple extension possibilities and configurable input voltage range e Sunny Boy 1100U For PV systems with 1 KWp supports a wider input voltage range e Sunny Boy 2100U The powerful string inverter with electric separation ideal for large PV systems SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 7 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Additional Equipment for th
25. e i e cable of the house distribution to the connection point of the Sunny Boy It is therefore important to avoid an unnecessary increase of the grid imped ance due to the connection cable to the Sunny Boy Otherwise the grid voltage is in creased to non permissible values while the Sunny Boy feeds to the grid NOTE We recommend that you have a look at the connection wire be IEY tween the Sunny Boy to the house distribution with respect to the imped ance increase SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 12 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 3 5 Grid Monitoring Conditions that cause the Sunny Boy to be disconnected from the grid e Over under AC voltage The grid voltage may be within a range of the requirements of UL1741 Once the grid voltage exceeds this range the Sunny Boy is disconnected from the grid within 0 1 s e Over under grid frequency The grid frequency may be within a range of 0 5 to 0 7 Hz of the nomi nal grid frequency while the voltage is within a range of 30 and 15 96 of the nominal grid voltage V once the frequency goes beyond this range the Sunny Boy is disconnected from the grid within 0 1 s e Rate of change of frequency Once the frequency changes drastically while it is feeding to the grid the Sunny Boy disconnects within 0 2 s e Grid impedance measurement The Sunny Boy does not start to feed to the grid if the grid impedance Z is hig
26. e Sunny Boy Inverters e Sunny Display Lid integrated LCD for all Sunny Boys cyclic display of all relevant operating data e Sunny Data The PC program for the communication with your Sunny Boy inverters e Sunny Boy Control The terminal for your PV system for data acquisition and evaluation for up to 50 Sunny Boys communication via Powerline or RS232 RS485 e Sunny Boy Control PLus The terminal for your PV system for data acquisition and evaluation for up to 50 Sunny Boys communication via Powerline or RS232 RS485 additional digital I O channels for nearly any sensor type continuous standalone data storage and remote access via modem etc e Sunny Data Control The PC program for visualization of the data from your Sunny Boy Control The Sunny Boy Family is the result of a consequent development with SMA s experi ence in PV conversion with over 300 000 units with nominal powers from 700 to 6000W date 02 06 2 2 Diagnosis and Communication The modular PV system technology leads to a spread out distribution of the Sunny Boy String inverters A simple and fast function monitoring of the status and measured val ues for each single Sunny Boy is easy to achieve The data is either displayed on the LCD of the Sunny Boy Control or is shown on the screen of a PC running the according SMA software Two programs Sunny Data and Sunny Data Control are based on a comfortable Windows GUI and allow the user to process
27. ec tive WARNING For continued protection against risk of fire replace only with same types and rating of fuse The type is KLKD 1 AMP 600 V AC DC SB2100U x 29 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 3 Fault Indication Consistent Fault Operation amp Earth Fault 9 Failure The yellow fault LED is permanently on This is a failure of the utility monitoring or the automatic disconnection device MSD The Sunny Boy has detected a failure in the disconnection device and has suppressed the utility interaction on startup The Sunny Boy must be checked by service personnel and can only be put back to operation after a thorough checkup SB2100U m 30 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Blinking code 2 Grid Failure Operation amp e 6 0 Earth Fault 9 6 QQ Failure 0 09 O 5s 3s 1s 1 E seenen 3x The yellow failure indication LED is on for 5 seconds is out for 3 seconds and then blinks twice The code is sent three times If the failure persists the indication blinking code is repeated The Sunny Boy is indicating a failure which has one of the following reasons Low grid voltage lt Vac min see table 9 2 e High grid voltage V see table 9 2 AC max Low grid frequency lt f see table 9 2 AC min High grid frequency gt f see table 9 2 AC max Drastic grid freque
28. een micro controllers is failing EEPROM cannot be read or written on EEPROM cannot be read or written on BFR frequency measurement value out of tolerable range SSR frequency measurement value out of tolerable range BFR impedance measurement value out of tolerable range SSR impedance measurement value out of tolerable range internal over current internal over current continuous different values between BFR and SRR for grid voltage different values between BFR and SRR for grid frequency different values between BFR and SRR for dl Fac Vac or Zac Relay test failed Relay test failed SRR earth current between PV and GND is out of tolerable range BFR earth current between PV and GND is out of tolerable range different values between BFR and SRR for grid impedance Offset check for grid voltage failed BFR or SSR controller failure BFR grid voltage measurement value out of tolerable range o 20 ES SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description F Vac Srr SSR grid voltage measurement value out of tolerable range F VpvMax PV input voltage out of tolerable range F Zac Bfr BFR grid impedance measurement value out of tolerable range F Zac Srr SSR grid impedance measurement value out of tolerable range F Watchdog Watchdog for operation control triggered F ROM failure of read only memory test SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 21 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 3 4 Measurement Precision
29. ehavior and the disconnection devices as well as long term heavy duty tests We recommend the following steps in case your PV plant does not operate correctly e Check the connection to the grid and to the PV panels pay attention to all safety measures listed in chapter 2 Installation e Check the blinking code on the lid of the Sunny Boy and compare the code with the blinking codes in chapter 4 Follow the countermeasures listed there if necessary contact the installer e Check the Mode and Error messages in the monitoring system if present e Contact the Sunny Boy service if the system malfunction persists The address is listed in the appendix In order to let your PV plant operate again as soon as possible it is essential to provide the following information SB21 00U 43 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Information Regarding the Sunny Boy e Serial number of the inverter Sunny Boy type e Short failure description Number of the blinking code chapter 4 If Sunny Boy Control or a PC with Sunny Data is present What failure is indi cated Can you reproduce the failure How can you reproduce it Has this failure always occurred What were the ambient conditions as the failure occurred Information concerning the PV modules Supplier type of modules Number of modules in string Output power Open circuit voltage Use the original box
30. es may not fall below the specified range at 158 F 70 C Vipp 4 gt min input voltage range NOTE The Sunny Boy can tolerate a current higher than the specified iy current as long as the voltage is within the specified range SB21 00U d 47 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 7 1 1 Minimum MPP Voltage of the PV Module Often a fixed lower MPP voltage limit of the inverter is not useful when the cells of the PV panel have very high temperatures This means the MPP voltage of the PV panel de creases and the inverter cannot feed the maximum power from the PV panel to the low voltage grid The inverter remains at the lower limit of input voltage and cannot follow the MPP of the PV panel Therefore the Sunny Boy has a flexible MPP voltage range There is a fixed ratio between the minimum MPP voltage V min the Sunny Boy loads onto the PV panel and the grid voltage V as shown in Fig 7 1 Depending on the current grid voltage the minimum DC voltage is assessed and fixed This flexible MPP voltage range lets the user make optimum use of the specific device characteristics while the energy yield is increased 270 256 Volt DC 260 250 240 234 Volt DC 230 207 Volt DC N N N o VMpp min V 3 200 190 180 170 211Volt AC 240 Volt AC 264 Volt AC 160 T T T T T T T T T T T 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 245 250 255 260 265
31. g on the inside of the Sunny Boy with the nut e Pull the wires through the conduit into the interior of the Sunny Boy e Connect the wire L1 to the terminal labeled L in the Sunny Boy see Fig 2 8 e Connect the wire L2 to the terminal labeled N in the Sunny Boy e Connect the equipment grounding conductor to the terminal labeled PE in the Sunny Boy e Torque wires with torque of 35 in Ib Ensure all connections are correctly wired and properly torqued SB2100U z 1 7 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Connection of the PV Array to the DC Disconnect WARNING Completely cover the surface of all PV arrays with opaque dark material before wiring them PV arrays produce electrical energy when ex posed to light and could create a hazardous condition Depending on the type of PV module used it is possible to connect one single string or several parallel strings Therefore there are three connections for both the and the pole Within the device these connections are connected in parallel each WARNING Before connecting the connectors of the PV panel to the DC disconnect enclosure check the correct polarity and admissible PV panel voltage between the and the cable connectors of the PV panel The PV panel open circuit voltage must be below or at most equal to 600 V DC V lt 600 V DC under all conditions Please read chapter 7 1 1 SB21 00U 1 8 ER SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U In
32. h Desc 013006 Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Document Number Rev No Date By Description SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 1 0 Jan 2006 JP First US Version SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 2 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Explanation of Symbols used in this Document To enable optimal usage of this manual and safe operation of the device during in stallation operation and maintenance routines please note the following description of symbols lt This indicates a feature that is important either for optimal and comfortable usage or optimal operation of the system Example Useful C routines for this purpose are on the support disk This indicates a fact or feature very important for the safety of the user and gt or can cause a serious hardware defect if not appropriately applied Example Disconnect the mains plug before opening the case This indicates an example G 3 Vna j SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 3 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Table of Contents 1 Initraguc OT onto stus meri deere Serer nee ree ehe d eer cer AM deus 5 2 System DISSE MOON PETIT TD UT URN 6 2 1 Sting Technology naren a e e EE E 7 2 2 Diagnosis and Gommb riCallOFi 2 c deti Dp to Cota CAO be Rap pu enu DU eds ee 8 2 3 Technical design of the Sunny Boy 10 2 3 1 Ambient TempeFralule ttd e photo ciet uei GUN ge de
33. her than an adjustable trip point The Sunny Boy is disconnected from the grid within 5 sec once the grid impedance changes drastically within a short time or the impedance gets too high All values are adjustable by an authorized installer This new Sunny Boy disconnection concept provides maximal safety with neverthe less minimal necessary installation SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 13 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 3 6 Ground Fault Detector Interrupter GFDI The GFDI is supposed to interrupt the connection to ground of the PV panel in case a ground leakage current of 1 A is exceeded This ground fault current is the result of a ground fault of the PV panel The inverter then has to indicate this condition and dis connect from the grid The inverter has to be reset manually it cannot restart auto matically In grid feeding mode the ground current is continuously monitored by two independ ent systems the sequential control system and the current control system If the maximum current intensity is exceeded the inverter switches to permanent disable Earth currentmax This is indicated by the red and yellow LEDs In addition the voltage between the ground and PV minus is monitored If the voltage exceeds the maximum value defined the failure GFDI Fuse Open is displayed and the inverter stops feeding to the grid This failure is indicated by the red LED The GFDI Fuse Open failure
34. ilure BFR grid voltage measurement value out of tolerable range SSR grid voltage measurement value out of tolerable range PV input voltage out of tolerable range BFR grid impedance measurement value out of tolerable range SSR grid impedance measurement value out of tolerable range Watchdog for operation control triggered The GFDI Fuse is defective Failure of Read only memory test 41 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 7 Measurement Precision Any kind of measurement always depends on the accuracy The reproducibility of the measurement values is conceived for an ambient temperature of 77 F 25 C Other temperatures must be evaluated with respect to the inaccuracy resulting from these dif ferent temperatures Resolution Maximal fail ure Display Measurement Qy 477 F grid voltage U V 180 300 V 1V 0 3 V 196 AC grid frequency fao Hz 45 55 Hz 0 01 Hz 0 01 Hz Pewi 0 250 W operating hours h h 0 4 29 10 s 1s 0 67 us 0 1 96 u Table 4 1 Measurement accuracy of the Sunny Boy SB21 00U 42 E SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 5 Troubleshooting Our quality management strategy includes a constant quality improvement of our prod ucts We always are concerned to avoid all failures and malfunctions of our products The product you purchased was shipped after successfully passing numerous tests con cerning the operation b
35. inimum MPP voltage V the Sunny Boy loads MPPmin onto the PV panel and the grid voltage V as shown in Fig 4 1 Depending on the current grid voltage the minimum DC voltage is assessed and fixed This flexible MPP voltage range lets the user make optimum use of the specific device characteristics while the energy yield is increased 270 256 Volt DC 260 250 240 230 220 210 Vpp min V 200 190 180 170 211Volt AC 240 Volt AC 264 Volt AC 160 T T T T T 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 245 250 255 260 265 Vac V Fig 4 1 Minimum MPP voltage as a function of grid voltage SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 24 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Input Values of the Sunny Boy DC side Input voltage MPP range depending on VAC Max open circuit voltage under all conditions Max input current Max DC power Recommended PV generator power Voltage ripple All pole disconnection on DC side Pole confusion protection Ground fault protection i QV SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 25 Technical Description V 234V 480V DC 600 V DC lo 13A DC P X 2600W DC upto 2600 W Vie lt 10 optional external DC breaker short circuit diode ground fault detection lg gt 1000 mA SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Output values of the Sunny Boy utility side Nominal output power Maximum output power Ope
36. its lowest point Therefore it has to take into account the lowest possible ambient temperature of the PV panel when planning the PV system Based on this temperature and knowing the type of PV modules used you can then determine the maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel You can enter these data into our EXCEL tool GenAu and check whether the maximum admissible input voltage of the Sunny Boy is not exceeded under any possible operating conditions You will find this tool in the Internet for download at http www SMA de ftp energietechnik sunnyboy GenAu GenAu exe WARNING The MPP voltage of the connected PV modules may not get below the specified range at 160 F Unie 469 gt min input voltage range ice NOTE The Sunny Boy can tolerate a current higher than the specified current as long as the voltage is within the specified range SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 23 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description Minimum MPP voltage of the PV panel Often a fixed lower MPP voltage limit of the inverter is not useful when the cells of the PV panel have very high temperatures This means the MPP voltage of the PV panel decreases and the inverter cannot feed the maximum power from the PV panel to the low voltage grid The inverter remains at the lower limit of input voltage and cannot follow the MPP of the PV panel Therefore the Sunny Boy has a flexible MPP voltage range There is a fixed ratio between the m
37. limitations on the size of the inverter and the manner in with it is connected to the utility grid See NEC Section 690 64 b 2 e Do not expose the string inverter to direct sunlight if necessary in stall a shading roof A minimum distance of 8 inch 200 mm must be clear above the in verter for ventilation i e no cupboards ceiling etc Free air circulation around the case must not be obstructed If you are installing the Sunny Boy in a cabinet or closet etc the air circulation must be sufficient for heat dissipation provide external ventilation e The heat sink can reach a temperature of more than 175 F Check existing electrical installations or plumbing prior to drilling holes into the wall Provide a correct position of the inverter see below mount straight or tilted to the back never mount tilted to front Fig 2 1 How to mount the Sunny Boy SB2100U x 9 x SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual The Sunny Boy 2100U inverter is mounted on the back side with the three metal straps Mounting Template for the Sunny Boy 1800 2100 and 2500 x E 50 mm s distance between the holes on thetop 217 50 mm E a8 1 top q 8 gt Position of the holes on the top for 6 mm screws Total width of the Sunny Boy 434 50 mm E i E A Please note 2 S amp 5 N e mount the Sunny Boy Never mount the 4 N tited to the back or Sunny Bo
38. ludes the conversion of the DC voltage from the PV panel to grid compatible AC voltage with so called inverters and the subsequent connection to the electricity grid in the house distribution Here the electricity from the PV modules provides all consumers with electric power household devices lights etc In case that not enough power is produced the addi tionally necessary power is obtained from the grid In case that there is a surplus of power this surplus is fed into the local grid and is therefore available for other con sumers This way every single kilowatt hour is utilized and the electricity company s power systems are relieved In the most simple case a PV plant therefore consists of two basic components the PV panel and the inverter NY oy A Photovoltaic Sunny Boy Modules String Inverter Electrical Grid Fig 1 1 Grid tied string inverter application For a more detailed technical description of the Sunny Boy and its functionality please read Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description SB2100U m 6 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 2 Installation WARNING Before installing the Sunny Boy read all instructions and cau tionary markings in the technical description and on the Sunny Boy and the photovoltaic array WARNING All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with all local electrical codes and the National Electrical Code NEC ANSI NFPA 7
39. m first turn all breakers and switches OFF Then disconnect the various conductors in the reverse order listed above SB21 00U Ex 1 3 E SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 2 3 1 Wiring Preparation Remove all screws 1 4 size M5 see Fig 2 6 and take off the lid When removing these screws be sure to save the special lock washers and reinstall them to properly ground the front panel Sunny Toy SWR 2100 Fig 2 6 Front View of the Sunny Boy 2100U You now have the opened Sunny Boy in front of you see Fig 2 7 and can see the position of components and clamps relevant for you You will find e Theinternal grid fuse WARNING A defective grid fuse has to be replaced only with same types and rating of fuse in order for continued protection against risk of fire The type is Littelfuse 314015 15 AMP 250V AC e The control system board with the socket for the Piggy Back board for the communication e Terminal for the AC connection e Terminals for the DC connection SB21 00U 1 4 c SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U SB2100U Installation and User Manual Fig 2 7 Interior of the Sunny Boy 2100U 15 S gt 2 2 gt F m 4 AC Connection wu Grid Fuse SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 2 3 2 Connecting to the Utility Grid The Sunny Boy must be connected to the grid with 3 cables e With two phases L1 and
40. ncy change Check the utility check the function of other electric consumers and check the fuse of the mains connector to the Sunny Boy NOTE Have the grid connection to the Sunny Boy checked by a qualified electrician Check the correct connection and the fuse in the Sunny Boy WARNING Do not forget to disconnect the Sunny Boy from the grid Be fore opening the device read chapter 4 4 SB2100U gt 31 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Blinking Code 3 Grid Impedance Too High if the optional Grid Impedance Meas urement is active Operation amp amp Earth Fault amp G9 gt Q9 Failure The yellow failure LED is activated for 5 seconds remains dark for 3 seconds and then blinks three times The code is sent three times If the failure persists the indication begins once again The Sunny Boy has detected a failure based on the utility impedance values The criteria for the grid impedance is described in the section Islanding protection in the technical description of the Sunny Boy A too high utility impedance can be the reason should this failure occur very often The impedance can be checked with the Sunny Boy Control or Sunny Data This failure can normally be avoided by increasing the cross section of the AC cabling SB2100U m 32 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Blinking code 4 Input Voltage PV Array Too High Opera
41. nd affordable Sunny Boy string inverters are the universal equipment for all applications small or large scale PV systems The Sunny Boy has complete on board islanding protection and meets safety operat ing standards and code requirements world wide In North America the Sunny Boy meets the requirements of UL 1741 NEC 690 building code requirements for photo voltaic systems are met with the internal ground fault detector interrupter GFDI In Australia Sunny Boys are certified according to the Australian Guidelines and the regulations of the IEC950 In the United Kingdom Sunny Boys passed the tests in accordance with the engineering recommendation G77 The Sunny Boys comply with all regulations from the VDEW Association of German Electricity Producers for the supplementary grid feeding to the low voltage electricity grid of the utility This contains the regulations concerning the Independent Disconnection Device known as MSD Mains monitoring device with allocated Switching Devices and the regula tions of the DIN VDE 0126 Furthermore the Sunny Boy complies with the according standards and the low voltage regulations as certified in the CE declaration see ap pendix E Sunny Boy is a registered Trademark of SMA Technologie AG SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 5 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 System Description The reduction of CO emission and other pollution resulting from energy conversi
42. nty claims and liabilities for direct or consequential damages due to e transportation damages improper installation or commissioning improper alterations modification or repairing attempts inappropriate use or operation insufficient air supply to the device any installation and operation beyond the scope covered by according relevant safety regulations VDE UL1741 NEC etc e or force of nature lightning surge voltage storm fire NOTE We cannot guarantee the proper function of the data transmission Iw via mains lead Powerline modem in case it is carried out in electric grids with high harmonic distortion resp high frequency line distortions like e g industrial power supply grids or in the neighborhood of irregular consumers unshielded motors switching power supplies converters etc Further more the simultaneous operation of babyphones may lead to short time data transmission disturbances or interruptions In case of disturbed data transmission via mains lead we offer alternatively a communication via separate data line as option RS232 or RS485 We do not guarantee that the software is completely free of failures In case of a fault an instruction how to avoid the effects of the fault is also considered as sufficient repair Only the customer is responsible for the correct selection orderly use supervision and the re sults of the use of software We reserve the right to make alterati
43. on is becoming more and more important The direct conversion of solar radiation to elec tric energy photovoltaics will play a substantial role in this essential matter Supplementary grid feeding includes the conversion of the DC voltage from the PV panel to grid compatible AC voltage with so called inverters and the subsequent connection to the electricity grid in the house distribution Here the electricity from the PV modules provides all consumers with electric power household devices lights etc In case that not enough energy is produced the addi tionally necessary energy is obtained from the grid In case that there is a surplus of energy this surplus is fed into the local grid and is therefore available for other con sumers This way every single kilowatt hour is utilized and the electricity company s power systems are relieved In the most simple case a PV system therefore consists of two basic components the PV panel and the inverter QU i NU Cp Electrical Grid Fig 2 1 Grid tied string inverter application SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 6 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 1 String Technology The experience with several thousand grid connected PV systems in Europe with an output range from one to several hundred kilowatts has shown that the costs for grid connecting and monitoring the PV system add up to almost 50 96 of the costs for the entire system The re
44. ondary circuit with 16 kHz The voltage is then fed to the grid after being processed by a transformer OL 2 2 H v iL gt u o 8 g _ Y lt j ON Current Control Sequential Control L 3 Dr ES E Sistem SFA E AU Am TU dre MSD2 MSD 1 Fig 2 2 Block circuit diagram of the Sunny Boy 2100U The Sunny Boy 2100U is designed for strings with 18 to 24 standard modules con nected in series A micro controller manages the current control which results in a perfectly sinus wave AC current with very low harmonic distortion Operation is possible with a fixed volt age or with MPP tracking 2 3 1 Ambient Temperature The heat sink of the Sunny Boy is necessary in order to let thermal energy dissipate Once the heat sink gets too hot the Sunny Boy reduces the output energy accord ingly but nevertheless keeps feeding to the grid SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 10 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 3 2 Sequential Control System The sequential control system also manages the communication with the system monitoring tools Sunny Data and Sunny Data Control The Sunny Boy therefore is not only a simple standalone device it can be part of one big PV system that has one central control and monitoring facility 2 3 3 Stainless Steel Case The case of the Sunny Boy is made of stainless steel which protects the inverter from dust and water up to enclosure type NEMA 4X The S
45. ons to improve the device Further or other claims for direct or indirect damages especially including claims for damages from positive contract violation are excluded insofar as not otherwise compelling stated by law SB21 00U E 46 m SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 7 Technical Data Input PV panel Maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel WARNING It is essential to comply with the respective input voltage range which varies depending on the type and number of PV modules used WARNING The maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel may not ex ceed the specified maximum input voltage of the Sunny Boy The open circuit voltage of the PV panel depends on the temperature of its cells and on the respective solar radiation The highest open circuit voltage of the PV panel oc curs when the temperature of the cells is at its lowest point Therefore it has to take into account the lowest possible ambient temperature of the PV panel when planning the PV plant Based on this temperature and knowing the type of PV modules used you can then determine the maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel You can use the string sizing program on the web and check whether the maximum admissible input voltage of the Sunny Boy is not exceeded under any possible operating condi tions You will find this tool on the SMA America Web site http www sma america com WARNING The MPP voltage of the connected PV modul
46. persists in case the GFDI fuse is defective SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 14 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 3 System Monitoring and Diagnosis The monitoring and control of PV systems is essential for the optimal energy yield the safety of your PV system and the long life of your PV components The Sunny Boy family inverters have various options for PV system control and monitoring This chapter will try to cover all different possibilities for the data trans mission the cabling circuits and how to eliminate and suppress any transmission fail ures 3 1 Data Transmission with a Separate Data Cable Data transmission via Powerline is a reliable and affordable solution In electrical grids which are strongly influenced by high frequency disturbance such as those in industrial sites data transmission via Powerline may not be possible Communication between the Sunny Boys and the Sunny Boy Control or the PC can then be done with a separate data cable RS232 communication If only one Sunny Boy has to be connected to the PC the easiest way is direct cou pling via an RS232 port A maximum of 15 m is permissible between the PC and the Sunny Boy Single Sunny Boy 4 RS 232 mm S Electricity Grid PC Fig 3 1 Example for RS232 communication with a single Sunny Boy e NOTE RS232 communication is only suitable for data transmission be SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 15 SMA America Inc
47. pgrading or modification of the Sunny Boy interface e control of internal AC fuse follow the instructions given below Opening of the Sunny Boy WARNING These servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only To reduce the risk of electric shock do not perform any sevicing other than specified in this technical description unless you are qualified to do so When working on the Sunny Boy follow the instructions below 1 Separate the Sunny Boy from the grid by opening the 240 Volt AC circuit breaker in the main fusebox WARNING Make sure the main 240V breaker in the main utility breaker box is switched OFF 2 Switch the DC breaker in the DC disconnect enclosure OFF WARNING Wait for at least 5 minutes until internal voltage has dis charged after shutting down the DC voltage on the Sunny Boy SB21 00U 35 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 3 Take off the lid by removing screws 1 4 see Fig 2 6 on the lid M5 You now have the opened Sunny Boy in front of you see Fig 2 7 and can see the posi tion of components and clamps relevant for you You will find e The control system board with the socket for the piggy back board for the communica tion To install the new communication components read chapter 4 5 SB21 00U E 36 m SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Closing of the Sunny Boy e When putting the lid on make sure the seal in the
48. r Testcur 15000 8000 Installer rent Zac 300 213 Installer 30 Fac Hz 0 4 5 Installer delta 31 Fac Hz 0 4 5 0 49 Installer delta 5 Zac Max mOhm 0 20000 20000 43 Hard Version Fixed ware BFS Software Version Fixed BFR Software Version Fixed SRR Operating MPP operation Installer mode no function Installer function Default USA 60 Hz Installer Table 4 2 Parameter list Sunny Boy 2100U SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 30 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 5 Appendix Further literature about the Sunny Boy inverter family User Manual Sunny Boy 700U User Manual Sunny Boy 1100U User Manual Sunny Boy 1800U User Manual Sunny Boy 2100U User Manual Sunny Boy 2500U e User Manual Sunny Boy 3800U e User Manual Sunny Boy 6000U e User Manual Sunny Data e User Manual Sunny Data Control User Manual Sunny Boy Control e SMA CD products technical documentation driver Sunny Boy on the Internet All documentation and software concerning the Sunny Boy products are available on the Internet http www sma america com Our Web site is updated frequently and offers e the latest information concerning the family of Sunny Boy inverters e training schedules e the latest software e help with the design and troubleshooting of your PV plant SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 31 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U SMA in the USA e Address e Phone e Fax
49. rating range utility voltage Operating range utility frequency Total Harmonic Distortion THD Phase shift ref fundamental Utility monitoring Islanding protection Ground Fault Protection All pole disconnection utility Short circuit protection Overvoltage classification Testing voltage 50 Hz Testing voltage for surge 1 2 50 us External Interfaces Data transmission via Powerline Data transmission via separate cable SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 gt 2100 W AC P 2100 W AC ACmax V 211 264 V AC AC f 59 3 60 5 Hz AC THD 4 96 with K lt 2 P 0 5P Vgrid AC ACnom 0 V f in accordance with UL 1741 AC AC lar in accordance with UL1741 independent disconnection MSD redundant design double current controlled ll 2 88 kV 1 s 4 kV serial interface 6 kV optional optional electrically separated RS232 RS485 E 26 x SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Power Consumption Internal consumption during operation Internal consumption during stand by Efficiency Max Efficiency Ambient Conditions Tolerable ambient temperature Rel humidity Size amp Weight Enclosure type Size w x h xd Weight Certifications EMI Utility interaction Utility monitoring Low voltage regulation SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 21 Technical Description 7W lt 0 25 W Nmax 9496 13 F 140 F 25 C 60 C 0 100
50. rom the PV modules can be set to a fixed value This value is transmit ted to the Sunny Boy with the Sunny Boy Control or with the Sunny Data software The parameter is V Konst Derating Green LED blinks 75 ON 25 OFF Red LED off GO Yellow LED off The Sunny Boy is feeding the local electricity grid either in MPP or in Constant Volt age operation Additionally it is in the derating mode due to increased temperature of the heat sink SB2100U 28 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 2 Ground Fault Indicator Isolation Fault C9 Green LED off Red LEDon Yellow LED on This is the result of a ground fault of the PV panel The inverter then has to indicate this condition and disconnect from the grid The inverter has to be reset manually it cannot restart automatically CAUTION The PV array must be inspected for ground faults Please have a look at chapter 3 Powering Up for the First Time If the ground fault of the PV panel is removed the inverter switches from permanent de vice disable to GFDI Fuse open failure and the yellow LED is off The red LED is still on Now the following must be done Open GFDI Fuse Green LED off RedLEDon Yellow LED off The message GFDI Fuse open is displayed If an intact fuse is then installed the in verter restarts operation The GFDI Fuse open failure persists in case the fuse is def
51. s The design of the Sunny Boy makes sure that its internal consumption is as low as possible The Sunny Boy requires a maximum 7 W internal consumption which it takes from the PV panel If you measure the voltage of the PV modules you must keep in mind the inverter s internal consumption that will have an effect on your measurement with lower solar radiation The open circuit voltage of the PV panel will therefore not be displayed The internal consumption is negligible for the voltage measurement with higher solar radiation The operating state of the Sunny Boy will be indicated with three LEDs integrated into the lid The meaning of the LEDs will be explained in chapter 4 LED SB21 00U Pa 22 m SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 LED Indicators The inverter normally operates automatically without user interaction and without any maintenance The inverter automatically turns itself off when a grid feeding is not possible e g at night The Sunny Boy automatically starts its grid feeding the next day once the solar radia tion is high enough The inverter goes to standby mode if the radiation and the result ing electric input energy is too low and is therefore always ready for operation Each time the Sunny Boy starts up it runs a number of self test and safety proce dures which the user does not notice The user can obtain the inverter s operating status from the 3 integrated LEDs on
52. stallation and User Manual Connection of the Sunny Boy to the DC Disconnect e Install the DC conduit from the DC disconnect enclosure to the Sunny Boy e Insert the conduit fitting in the left opening of the Sunny Boy Fasten the fitting on the inside of the Sunny Boy with the nut Do the same at the DC disconnect e Ensure all circuit breakers in the DC disconnect enclosure are in the OFF position Route the wires from the DC disconnect enclosure through the conduit and into the Sunny Boy e Connect the positive wire to the terminal block labeled with see Fig 2 9 e Connect the negative wire to the terminal block labeled with see Fig 2 9 e Torque wires with torque of 35 in lb Ensure all connections are correctly wired and properly torqued 4 e z 4 UA m AR Sm Positive plug E 3 v p DC conduit and wiring Fig 2 9 DC Connection Terminal SB2100U 1 9 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 3 Commissioning Safety Notice LE NOTE Make sure that nothing is on top of the heat sink of the Sunny Boy when it is running WARNING The heat sink can get very hot i e over 175 F 80 C D NOTE Make sure that all fittings are sealed and all openings on the bottom are closed with the seals e When putting the lid on make sure the seal in the inner side of the lid is placed correctly When screwing the inner screws make sure that the
53. t of the PG cable fitting e Connect the terminal cables to the terminal strip of the system control board and check whether they are firmly fastened e Fasten the cable seal of the PG16 cable fitting e If you have installed RS232 cabling please close the opening in the bottom with the seal included in the packing list e Close the device as described in chapter 4 4 SB21 00U n 39 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 6 Measuring Channels and Messages The communication supports a number of measuring channels and messages from the Sunny Boy inverters The following abbreviations are used BFR SRR Betriebsf hrungsrechner Sequential Control System Stromregelungsrechner Current Control System Measuring Channels Vpv Vpv Setpoint PV input voltage PV desired input voltage of the Vpv control lac current to the grid Vac grid voltage Fac grid frequency Pac power fed to grid Zac grid impedance Vpv PE PV voltage to earth lpv current from PV panels E Total energy yield h Total total operation hours Power On total system start ups Serial Number Mode Error Mode Messages Sunny Boy serial number operating mode failure description for mode disturbance Stop manual system stop Offset offset calibration of the electronics Waiting grid switching on conditions are not fulfilled yet Grid monitoring checking grid grid impedance MPP Search PV voltage is
54. the lid see Table 4 1 Operation indication overview The green LED Operation describes the current operation of the Sunny Boy see chapter 4 1 Operation Indicator The red LED warns the user that the GFDl fuse is defective A description of this situation and what has to be done in that case is given in chapter 4 2 The yellow LED Failure indicates an internal or external failure that keeps the in verter from feeding the grid The specific causes for this and how to avoid them are described in chapter 4 3 Fault Indication The red and yellow LED combined indicate that the internal Ground Fault Detector and Interupter GFDI has detected a ground fault in the PV panel A description of this situation and what has to be done in that case is given in chapter 4 2 SB21 00U 23 ER SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Sunny ENT Doy Betrieb B Operation Erdschlu SWR 2 1 00 Earth Fault 3 Photo voltaik Stringwechselrichter St rung T Photovoltaic string inverter Failure Fig 4 1 Front view of Sunny Boy 2100U Description of the symbols used in the following section LED off LED on once per second LED on three times per second LED on with short interruptions 75 on 25 off LED on Not important OL E ODO SB2100U 24 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual LED indicator Operating condition Description standby night input voltage
55. the local and national electrical codes ANSI NFPA 70 e The Sunny Boy contains no user serviceable parts Please return the unit to an SMA authorized Service Center see page 55 for maintenance e Before installing or using the Sunny Boy please read all instructions and cautionary markings in the technical description and on the Sunny Boy and the PV array Connecting the Sunny Boy to the electrical utility grid must only be done after receiving prior approval from the utility company and performed only by qualified personnel Completely cover the surface of all PV arrays with opaque dark material before wiring them PV arrays produce electrical energy when exposed to light and could create a hazardous condition On top of the device you can find the heat sink of the Sunny Boy with po tential temperatures of over 175 F 80 C To reduce the risk of burns do not touch SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS SB21 00U 4 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Table of Contents 1 autceo Ole Te uem Ec rp C eee er or ee Peer 6 2 installati RT 7 2 1 What Must Be Done in Case of Transport Damages cccceeeeeeeeeteeeeeees 7 2 2 Placement of the Sunny BO d DEG tet idc ue Etat Move CR ML debes 8 2 3 Electric Comnet sendera ne sinet usitas dta Dr se 12 2 3 1 Preparation of the electric connection eseeeeeseeesssss 14
56. tion Q 69 00 69 09 09 Earth Fault Q 6 69000 09 9 Faure 6 9 Q O 0 0 5g 3s is 1s is is E Oe lel el ee EA By s aeos a te The yellow failure indication LED is activated for 5 seconds is out for 3 seconds and then blinks four times The code is sent three times If the failure persists the indication is repeated The input voltage is too high The PV panels are generating a voltage higher than the permissible specified voltage WARNING Disconnect the PV Panels from the Sunny Boy immediately Too high input voltage can destroy the Sunny Boy Have the circuits of your PV panels checked SB2100U gt 33 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Blinking code 5 Device Failure Operation X e Q Earth Fault Q e Q Failure o gt O The yellow failure indication LED is activated for 5 seconds is out for 3 seconds and then blinks five times The code is sent three times If the failure persists the indication is repeated The Sunny Boy is in a condition that makes it impossible to return to normal operation and is most likely defective NOTE The Sunny Boy has to be checked by a qualified technician SB2100U m 34 2 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 4 4 Opening and closing of the Sunny Boy Normally the Sunny Boy operates fully automatically and maintenance free Should the device nonetheless be opened e g for e u
57. ttention that it does not rain If moisture is enclosed in the case it will eventually condense within the device which could damage the electronics A suitable position must be found for the inverter while the PV plant is designed In the following you will find a summary of the most important criteria Criteria for Installation Location e Due to the high protection class NEMA 4X of the enclosure the installation is possible indoors as well as outdoors e If possible do not expose the inverter to rain despite NEMA 4X e Keep the DC cabling from the solar panel to the inverter as short as possible e Avoid installation in the living area because a slight noise emission is possible e Avoid mounting on resonant materials e g thin wooden panels plaster panels etc The Sunny Boy tends to slightly vibrate when under load e Provide accessibility for installation and later service e Installation at eye level allows easy reading of the operating LEDs or the Sunny Display SB21 00U c 8 D SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual CAUTION Please note the following points in any case e The mounting background must be firm e The ambient temperature must be between 13 F and 140 F The National Electrical Code NEC requires that the inverter be con nected to a dedicated circuit and no other outlets or device may be connected to this circuit See NEC Section 690 64 b 1 The NEC also impose
58. unny Boy can therefore be mounted nearly anywhere inside or outside the house with an ambient temperature range of 13 F 140 F 25 C to 60 C All applicable standards and regulations for personnel safety and EMI are complied with SB2100U Tech Desc 013006 11 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Technical Description 2 3 4 Islanding Protection Islanding protection is an essential safety issue in order to make sure that nobody working on the grid is harmed It is important to detect an islanding where the public grid is not up and the electricity consumers and producers are accidentally equal resulting in the fact that the electricity circuits are on full blow even though the fuses are down The method of Sunny Boy islanding detection includes the active grid impedance measurement has been extensively tested and proven to exceed the requirements of UL1741 In the event of a utility outage these active measurement results in an over under frequency or voltage condition The Sunny Boy then is disconnected from the grid Two independent one chip computers monitor the grid Each of these com puters constantly monitors the grid quality by checking the frequency voltage and grid impedance The redundant circuit and an automatic self test on each system startup ensure a reliable function of the grid disconnection The value of the grid im pedance is the sum of the impedance of the public grid and the cabling impedance of the hous
59. work on the device especially open it While upgrading the Sunny Boy interface the operator can get into touch both with elec tronic components and components carrying lethal voltage Faulty upgrading can lead to damage at the device and danger to people by electric voltage Therefore the device may only be upgraded by qualified personnel or the SMA service WARNING Only work on the Sunny Boy when it is disconnected from the grid and is sufficiently discharged Follow ESD protection countermeasures when modifying the Sunny Boy Electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic discharge To protect them you have to be on the same electric potential Discharge the electrostatic charge by touching the grounded case before touching an electronic component otherwise you run a great risk in destroying your electronics SB21 00U B 38 ial SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Open the device as described in chapter 4 4 Remove the piggy back that is installed on the system control board e Only for installation of an RS232 or RS485 board Remove the light blue resistors see Fig 2 7 on the system control board by cutting them out with a wire cutter Connect the cables for RS232 or RS485 Data cables are lead outside through the free opening at the bottom of the Sunny Boy Please insert the PG16 screws into this opening and fasten them Push the communication cable through the contact uni
60. y tited 2 vertical to the front 2 g 2 A il c 5 i a 2 L3 gt 3 3 gt i 3 5b E bottom hole 6 mm diam Fig 2 2 Drilling Template SB2100U x 1 0 SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual Mounting Preparation The Sunny Boy is mounted on its back side with the 3 metal straps For that 3 screws and 3 according dowels wall anchors are necessary The screws and dowels are not included We recommend 6 mm screws and 8 mm dowels IEY NOTE For outside mounting use stainless steel screws Use a plastic washer in order to avoid scratching the paint Fig 2 3 Side View of Wall Mounting Metal straps for mounting The top straps take the load the bottom is screwed down in order to prevent the tilting off the wall Mounting to Wall e Mark the holes with the drilling template e Drill the holes and put in the wall anchors put in the screws of both top holes and screw them in until ca 4 mm are sticking out Hang the inverter into the two top screws e Fasten the bottom screw This will prevent lifting of the inverter case e Check the mounting of the inverter SB2100U T 1 1 c SMA America Inc Sunny Boy 2100U Installation and User Manual 2 3 Wiring The wiring of the Sunny Boy can be done once the device is correctly mounted d s E BREAKER SIZE 2p 15 Amp qs m lal i kkl ii Ai TH

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