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1. The red colored m selected volume 7 tee er First point Num 10 0 gt z 00 r Second point I Duplicate entities trude No Create contacts IWW Maintain layers The button Finish has to be selected to complete translation Enter Yolumes to Copy Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help iN a Version 9 bil 0O ed ea a ay ml O Layer Entities type Volumes z Transformation Translation z First point Num x 0 0 y oo a z 00 Second point iF Duplicate entities Do extrude No z I Create contacts IM Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel The bottom plate volume Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit Command Figure 32 The bottom and top plates 21 3 2 3 Reinforcement bars The geometry of reinforcement bars w ll be defined only by two lines The first bar w ll be created and then the second bar will be copied The creation of the first bar starts by clicking the icon N or with the command from the main menu Geometry Create Straight line The command line in the bottom of the main window should be used for the coordinates definiti
2. Save AtenaWin Session H ere se Current Setting S Auto Save Modified 2 Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor a e FE Model From Convergence criteria 1 4 Store FE Model To Geometry Execute Ctri Shift E Suspend Ctrl Shift 5 Break ASAP Ctrl Shift 4 Break after Iteration Ctri Shift I Break after Step Ctrl Shift B u Continue Execution Ctrl Shifk C o Continue from Cursor _ Ctrl Shift F Re execute Ctrl Shift R Pre Post process Ctri Shift P 3 Monitor set 1 Ctrl Shift 1 x Monitor set 2 Ctrl Shift 2 HTML PDF DOC Default Directory x Z 0 Max U_x 1e 020 Min Ux 1e 020 eo Max U_y le 020 Min U_y 1e 020 W atena err e 0x Max U_z 1e 010 Mm U_z 1e 010 rae v Time a m Mux X le 020 a W atena inp 4 yO x W atena out Giles W atena msg fe Xx Restore analysis from archive Figure 175 The Restore FE Model From command Column 1 INS aa AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Geometry Edit File view Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help sh a e8 284 E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor Convergence criteria 1 4 Restore From Recent e esktop D My Documents My Computer Relative error My Network W atena inp GiD to Atena Translator fi e mail cervenka cervenka cz ff Written by Jiri Niewald Ph D Fi Zdenek Janda e mail
3. CRACK_WIDTH 1 0000000 coDl 000071589 000062641 000053692 Model transformation 000044743 000035795 000026846 000017897 89486e 005 0 0 7500000 0 5000000 x Y z 5 M Mka Relative error Max U_x 000025 Min U_x 000077 Max U_y 728 006 Min U_y 3 1e 005 Max U_z 000078 Mm U_z 00028 0 2500000 Mux X 13 Mn X 0 Max 0 19 Mm Y 0 Max Z 035 Min Z 003 0 gt Maxx Val 000072 Mmval 0 8 5000000 17 000000 25 500000 34 000000 Time 34 0000 W 4 142793 Time License 4001 w m 2 P 3DBeam inp OIX 3DBeam out See Seg 0 0033 0 044 0 035 0 00014 NR Al 0032 0 046 0 052 0 00015 NR 0032 0 039 0 046 0 00012 NR 0 81 0 8 LS 0026 0 03 0 029 7 9e 005 NR 0024 0 41 0 7 0 001 NR 0039 0 13 0 18 0 00051 NR 0031 0 064 0 11 0 0002 NR 0019 0 041 0 038 7 9e 005 NR 0029 0 23 0 41 0 00067 NR 0024 0 078 0 12 0 00019 NR 0017 0 026 0 022 4 6e 005 NR 0017 0 03 0 029 5 3e 005 NR 5 S2222 22srs A BCs statistics before after elimination A 288 288 g nd master dofs 615 nt needles BCs O Superfluous contradictory BCs O uperfluous contradictory BCs O ired 76316 76316 or pure data only 12864 12864 data chunks per row 4 14236 4 14236 ks dimension 1 34786 1 34786 oo XXX XXXXX Copyright Cervenka Consulting 2003 2009 i e mail ce Please cor
4. Created one new planar NURBS surface You can continue af x 1 529 Enter lines to define NurbSurface ESC to leave y 0 3694 gt z 0 Figure 11 The pink rectangle in the middle of blue lines defines the added surface 13 The next step is to extrude the created surface into a volume to obtain the required beam The extrusion s done by the command Copy which appears after selecting the command Utilities Copy in the main menu see Figure 12 In this example the surface is extruded in the direction of the Z axis over the beam thickness 0 32 m The thickness will be given by the vector defined by coordinates of two points set in the Copy menu The definition of the extrusion 1s depicted in the Figure 12 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Then the surface required for the extrusion can be selected in the graphical area After the selection of surface it 1s necessary to press Finish button to complete the extrusion Selection of entities which should be extruded in Copy x Entities type Surfaces this case Surfaces should be selected fahr Translation Selection of copy method n this case a Translation should be selected First point 0 0 10 0 2 z 00 Manual inserting of vector coordinates for a direction along which the entities should be extruded in this case the rectangular surface should be extruded in Z axis direction over the beam thickness 0 32 m
5. Epsilon u k 0 05 Parameter k 1 08 Safety Format Design First click update changes button to save material properties Next select checkbox below and click update M changes button again to generate the EC material properties I Generate Material Assign Unassign Exchange Close Figure 72 The window for the definition of the 1D Reinforcement First 1t is important to copy material definition of the already existing material and save it under the new name In this case the new name will be Bars The predefined material Reinforcement EC2 should be chosen for the copying After the selection of the predefined material the icon New 1D Reinforcement should be selected After the selection of the New 1D Reinforcement icon the new window for the definition of the new material name will appear see Figure 73 There the Bars name should be written and then it is necessary to press OK button to complete this command New 1D Reinforcement Cancel Figure 73 The window for the definition of the New 1D Reinforcement Parameter input Enter new 1D Reinforcement name Bars 56 This new material should be selected and then can be changed the parameter definition The parameters of the new material Bars are predefined according to Eurocode 2 In this example the Characteristic Yield Strength should be 560 MPa and Class of Reinforcement should be A The parameters definition is depicted in the Figure 74 It is very im
6. Problem Data SOLID Soil Rock Data units SHELL Concrete Steel BEAM Concrete 1B Reinforcement plates Local axes gt Interface Spring Interval gt Layer To use w beam On Off Color A f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Command Figure 51 The selection of the command for the definition of the concrete material After the selection of this command the window for the definition of the SOLID Concrete will appear see Figure 52 41 SOLID Concrete Concrete EL q e s gt ELS Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry Generate Material Select checkb N E lick changes buton to generate the material Strength Clase 12715 and k update Safety Format Design Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 52 The window for the definition of the SOLID Concrete First it is important to copy material definition of the already existing material and save it under the new name In this case the new name will be Beam The predefined material Concrete EC2 should be chosen for the copying After the selection of the predefined material the icon New SOLID Concrete should be selected The selection of this material and selection of the New SOLID Concrete icon are depicted in the Figure 53 After the selection of the New SOLID Concrete icon the
7. amp r fi a nm L Er 5 B Layer To use vw bars On Off Color ah E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send Tor Close Command Figure 49 The displayed bars layer contains reinforcement lines 39 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help bil Version 9 Layer Touse v plates On Off Color 1 f E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Command Figure 50 The displayed plates layer contains plates volumes 40 3 3 Material parameters This tutorial example contains three regions which are made from three different materials These three regions are concrete beam steel plates and reinforcement bars In this chapter the characteristics of materials will be defined and then the material will be assigned to appropriate geometry 3 3 1 Concrete beam Before definition of the concrete beam material it is good to display only the beam layer The material definition of the beam starts by selecting of the icon an or with the command Data Materials SOLID Concrete in main menu see Figure 51 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers Files view Geometry Utilities PASA Mesh Calculate ATENA Help RN f Problem type pi x Z 2 Hier Conditions SOLID Elastic Interval Data SOLID Steel gt
8. 83 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files View Deiner Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Bag Wem FQ O 8 B va gt 4 Delete R T an Hove pain T O Les NumDivisons ene OT r Y Lines operations b Polylines Near point amp beam Create gt Swap arc Surfaces gt Parameter bars Polyline Volumes P Relative Length plates SurfMesh Length Edit NURBS Convert to NURBS Simplify NURBS Hole NURBS surface Collapse Layer To use Y beam miinaa On Off Color Intersection N Surface boolean op A Ho E B Sel Yolume boolean op New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send To v Close Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Command Cancel Figure 109 The enter value window Parameter input Enter number of divisions For the selection of the line which should be divided the button OK has to be pressed After the selection of the line the ESC key has to be pressed to complete this command see Figure 110 84 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8 BI SSGBVIBAIlD amp Gren GiD version s Layer Touse Y beam On Off Color A f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send To
9. Second point 0 0 0 0 0 32 Selection of entity types which should result from the extrusion operation In this case the surface will be extruded into a volume so the item Volumes should be selected Duplicate entities Do extrude volume Definition of a numbers of copied entities in this case it is only 1 copy Create contacts vw Maintain layers By pressing Select button the entities which should be extruded can be selected in the graphical area Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Figure 12 The description of Copy menu 14 Parameter input Entities type Surfaces Transformation Translation First point x 0 0 y 0 0 Z 0 0 Second point x 0 0 y 0 0 Z 0 32 Do extrude Volumes The selection of the surface can be done by a direct clicking on the pink line which defines a surface Another option is to select the surface by holding the right mouse button and by moving of the mouse The box should cross at least one line of the surface to be selected After the proper selection the pink selected surface will change to the red colour GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B First point The pink rectangle change to the red colour after the selection 7 Second point The button Finish has to be selected to complete extrusion Enter Surfaces to Copy Added 1 new surfaces to the selection Enter more
10. Do extrude No z Create contacts V Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Selected 1 Lines Geometry has 1 new lines 2 new points Leaving 5 y 0 5588 Yv HE z 0 Command Figure 22 The repeated copy operation to create the second line 21 Next step is to connect these newly copied lines into a rectangle This can be done by creation of new lines Therefore t should be used command from the main menu Geometry Create Straight line or by clicking the icon Also the Join function should be used Ctrl a see chapter 3 2 1 The connection of lines is depicted in the Figure 23 and the Figure 24 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help First this point should be selected Make sure that the command Join Ctrl a is activated otherwise a new point may be created Then move the mouse and select the next line point Enter points to define line ESC to leave x 0 7603 y 0 5588 2 0 E Pick an existing point Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Enter points to define line ESC to leave S 0 7603 Pick an existing point y 0 5588 z z 0 p plate Command Figure 24 The creation of the top line to finalize the rectangle for the bottom surface of theto 22 After connecting lines into a rectangle the surface should be created
11. Lines operations Polylines PR Swap are Polyline Near point SurfMesh Parameter Edit NURBS Convert to NURBS Simplify NURBS Hole NURBS surface Collapse Uncollapse Num Division or by selecting EEx iN a pil Version 9 LC Name 1 0 Fu Tr IB g Fe L beam amp bars S 5 v plates 5 5 Layer Touse w plates On Off Color Ann Boca New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send Tor Close Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Deleted 1 lines Leaving deleting function Command Figure 90 The executing of the division command 71 After the executing the divide command the cursor will change into this shape and the surface required for dividing should be selected Once the surface is selected the dialog window will appear on the screen see Figure 91 gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors E77 ee 2 N eo eo IR z ek bi vere 9 The green lines represent axis of the U and V direction bars t c B v pates VG M Dialog window gt JP VBEAMS Layer To use v plates On Off Color o f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close USense has to be selected Once this button is selected the Enter value window will appear see Figure 92 Select surface to divide Choose NURBS sense Command Figure 91 The dividin
12. 045 5 5e 005 NR ff y 2 statistics SkyLin v 0 079 9 5e 005 NR Pr Read Back substitution Dof Blk 77 Time 36 27 OYR Figure 148 The execution ofthe graph 114 The name of the graph should be L D As name of the horizontal value should be selected Deflection DISPLACEMENT and factor should be 1 Name of the vertical value should be selected Load_REACTIONS and factor will also 1 All definition of the graph parameters is finished by clicking on the OK button After this the L D graph is shown on the top of the AtenaWin interface This graph is showing actual stage of the running analysis and it changes according the running analysis Graph series Select seres Fixed time Series id 1 Hew Series Del Series Horizontal Name Lo Vertical Horizontal value Values profile for fized time Name Deflection375 DISPLACEMENTS 00001 Data sorting Value i Factor Vertical value Name Loads0 REACTIONS 000010 Value Factor Cancel More Horizontal Vertical Figure 149 The graph series definition Parameter input Name L D Horizontal value Name Deflection_DISPLACEMENT Factor 1 Vertical value Name Load REACTIONS Factor 1 115 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Set 2 Untitled graph File Edit view Windows Input Output Draw Properties Application Help DIE E EEIE FE E IE BB BBiG ale Lt a We Le BEE D SHaeaeaee ihren EY Set 1 Convergence
13. 22 4 X X X X X M ji XXX X XXX XX if Ras tla a ca v v Ready Analysis completed Time 50 30 OVR Figure 152 The defined L D graph This graph can be saved by the command File Save Figure Settings in the main menu Detailed description of the L D graph creation can be found in the AtenaWin Manual 7 chapter 5 117 When there are more w ndows in the layout of the AtenaW n the command Default layout l and Default Layout 2 in the main menu can be used to organize all windows After selecting the option Default layout 2 Window s Default layout 2 in the main menu all widows of the same type will be behind each other see Figure 153 It means that all text windows are on the bottom of the basic layout all geometry windows are on the right side and all graphs are on the left side Individual windows can be switched by icons and AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis 3DBeam msg File Edit view FEYNGEIE 3 Output Application Help Sg 814 New Window Split Vertically BT Split Horizontaly Synchronize views Default Layout 1 0 074505 Proportional Resize Fixed Size and Pos Cascade Tile Arrange Icons x 0 063017 Next Window Previous Window Ctrl Shift N Ctrl Alt N 1 3DBeam inp 2 3DBeam out v 3 3DBeam msgq 4 3DBeam err 5 CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES For item COD1 6 Set 1 Conver
14. 2793 N License 4001 Mi Time lt m a E 3DBeam inp 3DBeam out EX BP 3DBeam msg SETS a ee ee BCs statistics before after elimination a 0 023 0 041 4e 005 NR n ff 288 288 0 024 0 04 3 8e 005 NR ff XXX X XXX XXX nd master dofs 615 0 029 0 038 4 2e 005 NR ff X X ae A X x nt needles BCs 0 0 026 0 034 4 1e 005 NR x x z x x Superfluous contradictory BCs O 0 85 0 8 LS f f ao Shs So x x uperfluous contradictory BCs O 0 023 0 032 3 3e 005 NR ff xy See Be Ss x red 76316 76316 0 91 0 8 LS ff XXX X XXX XXXXX or pure data only 12864 12864 0 023 0 028 3 4e 005 NR data chunks per row 4 14236 4 14236 0 94 0 8 LS ff ks dimension 1 34786 1 34786 0 024 0 024 3 3e 005 NR FF Copyright Cervenka Consulting 2003 2009 i 0 027 0 029 3 9e 005 NR Ji e mail ce 0 032 0 032 5 1e 005 NR ij Please cor file statistics SkyLin 0 031 0 031 5 6e 005 NR F ia j iii gt i iil E2 pe tS g wo 8 E T x Assembling Stiffness Internal Forces Elem 88 Time 35 0000 14 Draw Crack Options a Parameter input Fee Averaged at element Averaged at element Max crack level 3 Senn Min crack width 0 0001 Filter For cracks to be drawn Width multiplier 5 Max crack level Min crack width Style width multiplier Shift outwards Cancel Figure 162 The setting of the Draw crack option 125 AtenaWin M CCStru
15. 942 006 Mm U_y 28e 005 Max U_z 000077 Mm U_z 00028 Mu X 13 Mm X 0 Mx 0 19 Min Y 0 Mx 035 Mm zZ 003 Max Val 000072 Min Val 0 Time 34 0000 V 4 14 2793 License 4001 m p FF 3DBeam inp EX E 3DBeam out EX E 3DBeam msg EX Seesen mennes ESS eon BCs statistics before after elimination A 0 0032 0 046 0 052 0 00015 NR A f f 288 288 a 0 0032 0 039 0 046 0 00012 NR ji m XXX X XXX XXX nd master dofs 615 0 81 0 8 L5 x x X X x x nt needles BCs 0 0 0026 0 03 0 029 7 9e 005 NR ff x X X x x superfluous contradictory BCs O 0 0024 0 41 0 7 0 001 NR ff X XX X X x X uperfluous contradictory BCs O 0 0039 0 13 0 18 0 00051 NR x xX X EX X x aired 76316 76316 0 0031 0 064 0 11 0 0002 NR fi XXX X XXX XXXXX or pure data only 12864 12864 0 0019 0 041 0 038 7 9e 005 NR Ji data chunks per row 4 14236 4 14236 0 0029 0 23 0 41 0 00067 NR ff m ks dimension 1 34786 1 34786 0 0024 0 078 0 12 0 00019 NR Copyright Cervenka Consulting 2003 2009 i 0 0017 0 026 0 022 4 6e 005 NR Ye e mail ce 0 0017 0 03 0 029 5 3e 005 NR Ji Please cory file statistics SkyLin 0 0018 0 036 0 055 6 3e 005 NR J lt i gt RE lt m gt lt m gt E 3pBea E ox Assembling Stiffness Internal Forces Elem 93 Time 34 0000 28 Figure 160 The display of the u
16. Constraint for Surface xy hk 7 ff v plates cf B Coordinate System GLOBAL IV Constraint Y Constraint Z Constraint Layer To use v plates On Off Color f 5 E Sel New a 7 A f Delete Rename alphabetic Assign Entities Draw Unassign To back v Send To v Close Close SQ EH A Assigned 1 new Surfaces to condition Constraint_for_Surface press escape to leave Command Figure 104 The symmetry condition 80 3 4 4 Monitors Monitors provide important information about state of the structure because monitor can monitor different states of the particular geometrical entity On that entity the monitor condition has to be applied In th s example the points are used for application of the monitor condition In th s case two monitors will be defined Geometry of one of these points s already created but the geometry of the second monitor has to be created Therefore the geometry has to be modified One monitor will be monitoring loads on the top plate and second one will monitor deflections on the beam near its bottom surface 3 4 4 1 First monitor First monitor should be located on the top plate It w ll be applied on the point where the displacement condition s also defined The definition of monitor condition starts by the icon or by executing command Data Conditions in the main menu The monitor condition definition is depicted in the Figure 105 Cond
17. E 9 M Aladdin E ks i T PowerISO gt j i m ANDIL a a yis l FD Autodesk IM Powertoys For Windows XP gt EPR 123 i gt a at gt gt By aves s M PSPad editor xy gt gt S is m g i I Putty gt t Nk Belkin Network USB Hub Control Center ce zB an lt M Cerberus FTP Server a 7 gt ra CervenkaConsulting m ATENA Engineering gt E5 A MM Cobian Backup 9 fin ATENA Science gt AtenaWin v4 Creep IN x EN D m Compaq Array Visualizer 1 SpamBayes T Atenawin v4 Dynamics njo u pe p gt an CoolRuler Spybot Search amp Dest tenawin v4 Statics u m m i p gt fn Diskeeper Corporation as AtenaWin v4 Transport iR IM EasyPHP on O Documentation E En E Games M Total Commander Examples 1 Mm 7 S z A UltraEdit E M GetRight a an SM 1 v7 7 2 Universal Document Converter M GD 8 2 0b Mm civ 9 0 2 C sip 9 0 4 Gif gIF oiF Mm simp m Google Chrome M Graphviz m HP lan HTML Help Workshop Administr a j Internet Mozilla Firefox Paint wy Miranda IM s r ka vv n k mpe vv m hd AR u vv v ae ad vv v v _ 7 vv vv v ar sd v Yv M videop j ovna T Visual Numerics VMware M windows Driver Kits US Acrobat Distiller 8 A Adobe Acrobat 8 Standard E Adobe Photoshop Album Starter Edition 3 0 x Adobe Reader 7 0 gt DWGSee Pro OF v 3 SP i S
18. On Off Color A t E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send To v Close This surface will be divided Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms mode has changed Command Figure 81 The bottom surface ofthe bottom plate 64 The division of the surface starts w th executing of the command from main menu Geometry Edit Divide Surfaces Num Division or by selecting of the Divide surface icon A see Figure 82 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors mf Fies view Dee Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help View geometry D x L pilates Create gt gt Move point Lines Lines operations Polylines Swap are Polyline Volumes Near point SurfMesh Parameter Edit NURBS Convert to NURBS Simplify NURBS Hole NURBS surface Collapse Uncollapse Intersection Surface boolean op Volume boolean op Rename alphabetic Send Tor Close zZ y Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit Figure 82 The executing of the division command 65 After the executing the divide command the cursor will change into this shape and the surface required for dividing should be selected Once the surface is selected the dialog window will appear on the screen see Figure 83 This dialog window asks in
19. The button Postprocess should be selected see Figure 164 Process info Process SOBeam 31 2000 started at Fri Jul 31 15 10 51 has finished Postprocess Figure 164 The button Postprocess should be pressed But before any postprocessing features can be started the results from the AtenaWin has to be imported into GiD Pa It is done by the clicking on the Import results from AtenaWin icon Then the process of importing will start see Figure 166 and when it is finished the model changes its colours see Figure 167 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh Files view Utilities Docuts View results Options Window Help 218 519 Sl S results from AtenaWin into GiD BW Lo AS ip en i n N J j n je N 4 a s 2 1 ao N N v gt O a a MM en wee z k Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Comman d Figure 165 The GiD postprocessor interface 127 p GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh aag c AtenaConsole AtenaResults inp lof x n a ATENA Closing output file 13 8 2009 18 34 44 Closing output file 13 8 2669 18 34 44 Closing output file 13 8 2869 18 34 44 Ee BGS B yh 2 k Zz k Reading 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh post Postprocess i
20. ZZ 1 37576 1 37576 cE Resid Err Res bs E Energy Err FF x Window D ced Energy Ratio Current Required i wo a a ee ff cs SkyLin Pr 3 9e 005 5 5e 005 3e 005 Pr Read Back substitution Dof Blk 782 Time 3 2 OYR Figure 147 The analysis in progress Basic description of the AtenaWin interface Window A contains specification of input commands that describes a problem Window B contains results from the current analysis Window C contains important messages from ATENA kernel sent during analysis Window D contains error and warning from ATENA kernel sent during analysis Window E contains graphical representation of the analysed structure Window F contains relative error time graph 112 When the analysis is running it is possible to stop the calculation For that can be used Application Suspend Break ASAP Break after Iteration Break after Step command in the main menu or icons of the Execution toolbar Break after Iteration icon Suspend icon it it can stop running analysis can pause running after iteration analysis Break ASAP icon it can stop running analysis as soon as possible Break after Step icon it can stop running analysis after step For detailed description of the AtenaWin user interface it 1s recommended to read AtenaWin Mannual 7 113 4 3 Load displacement graph During the running analysis it is very useful to see the progress of the load and displacement The p
21. all materials Define boundary condition Load amp Supports se se ts 9 A N iR ol g ini al P g gt Draw boundary condition Load amp Supports Start ATENA static analysis using AtenaWin 38 conditions read 17 materials read Command Figure 3 Problem type menu and basic ATENA icons It is also recommended to explore the help of the program GiD This can be found in the Main menu or by pressing F1 on your keyboard It is also much recommended to save file and also regularly save created model during the formation of the geometrical model Saving is done by selecting File Save The name of the document can be chose for example 3DBeam 3 1 1 2 Problem data When the analysis is finished all results are saved in files From those files results can be executed and processed lately Therefore it 1s useful to rename the title of the files where results should be saved and it is useful to do this saving in the beginning of the any creation of project Later it could be forgotten It is done by the command Data Problem Data Problem Data in the main menu see Figure 4 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities PASA Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Problem type gt u er Conditions Materials gt Interval Data Data units Post data Interval gt Local axes gt The Problem Data can be also executed by this icon lt 38 condition
22. and the user can easily work only with components of this layer In this chapter three different layers will be created concrete beam layer steel plates layer and reinforcement layer 3 2 4 1 Beam layer It is good to start with the definition of concrete beam layer This is done by the command Layers which appears after selecting Utilities Layers in the main menu The beam layer will be created by writing beam into a window depict on the Figure 37 The new layer will be created after the pressing of the button New Then the beam layer will appear in the list of layers 1 There should be written the name of the new layer beam 3 Newly created beam layer Layer To use beam 2 The New button should be pressed to create new layer Figure 37 The Layers command The newly created beam layer is immediately activated The activation is sign by a The moving of the beam geometry to the beam layer can be started by pressing of the button Send to Then the pull down menu will open see Figure 38 The beam geometry contains three types of entities and all of them should be moved into the beam layer Therefore the Also lower entities has to be activated and the command Volumes should be chosen After selecting the Volumes in the pull down menu the geometry which should be send to the beam layer can be selected see Figure 39 The pressing Finish button will complete this command 31 SHG N I 8 BIBS BIB
23. be sent to the bars layer 35 3 2 4 3 Plates layer After deactivating of the display of the bars layer the lines should disappear Deactivation is done by selecting the bars layer in the l st of layers and then pressing the button Off see Figure 44 gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry SSVlBS1Q Sex Layer To use v Layer On Off Color 1 f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To r Close Command Figure 44 The reinforcement disappear after deactivating of the reinforcement layer The last step is to create plates layer Like n previous two layers it s done by writing the name plates into the window and pressing button New Then the plates layer will appear in the list of layers The newly created plates layer is automatically activated The activation is sign by a E The moving of the steel plates geometry into the plates layer can be started by pressing of the button Send to Then the pull down menu will open see Figure 45 The reinforcement geometry contains two types of entities and all of them should be moved into the bars layer Therefore the Also lower entities have to be activated and the command Lines should be chosen After selecting the Lines in the pull down menu the geometry which should be send to the bars layer can be selected see Figure 46 The pressing Finish button will complete this command 36 GiD AtenaV4 Sta
24. boundary conditions The analytical model for the finite element analysis will be created during the pre processing with the help of the fully automated mesh generator The definition of the geometry starts with the creation of geometrical points These points are later connected into boundary lines and then surfaces are defined by selecting appropriate bounding lines Volumes can be formed either by extrusion of surfaces or manually by selecting all bounding surfaces Three dimensional regions are modelled by volumes in GiD The reinforcement is modelled as a line These reinforcement lines are not usually connected to any surface or volume but they usually lie inside the volumes entities that form the concrete structure After creation of the geometry material properties should be defined and assigned to individual volumes Boundary conditions are used to define supports and loads The boundary conditions and loads are defined in GiD with the help of Intervals Interval represents a set of boundary conditions and loads that are applied in a specified number of steps An appropriate definition of intervals can be used to specify a complete loading history In ATENA analysis it is always useful to define monitoring points The monitoring points are used to see the evolution of certain quantities during the analysis For instance they can be used to follow the development of deflection or forces at given locations 3 1 1 Introduction of the
25. done by the same procedure like in the case of top contact conditions Only the name has to be different It is recommended to use contact name Bottom The Figure 145 shows the right definition of bottom contact conditions GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 31 7 2009 824 bil Versen Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Finish Master Bottom 1 0 _ Master Top 1 0 Slave Top 10 L Slave Bottom 1 0 Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Command Figure 145 The contact conditions TE B the clicking in the icon B all boundary condition can be displayed It is good control f all conditions were properly defined see Figure 146 110 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8 BISG21B 519 amp sen Lil version s oF First monitor and displacement Top slave contact Bottom slave contact Bottom master contact Second monitor Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit Command Figure 146 Allboundary conditions When the contact conditions are finished it is important to generate mesh again After any change of boundary condition and geometry the mesh has to be generated again It is done by
26. encouraged to read the manual of the program GiD and ATENA GiD manual 2 2 STARTING PROGRAM Before using the ATENA GiD system it is necessary to install it on your computer The programs GiD and ATENA can be installed using the standard ATENA installation At the end of the installation the user must select the installation of GiD and ATENA GiD interface After that your computer should be ready to run the example problem described in this document The installation process s described in detail in ATENA GiD manual 2 In order to start a nonlinear analysis in ATENA GiD system first the program GiD is started The recommended version is 9 0 4 or newer the oldest supported version is 7 7 2b The program GiD can be started from the start menu of your computer using the following path Start All Programs CervenkaConsulting ATENA Science GiD This opens the program GiD which is used for the preparation of the numerical model of the analyzed structure This process is described in the subsequent Chapter 3 The execution of the nonlinear analysis is described in Chapter 4 and the post processing in Chapter 5 3 PRE PROCESSING 3 1 Introduction This chapter explains the basic steps which are to be performed in order to define a complete geometrical and then a finite element model for non linear FE analysis by GiD The purpose of the geometrical model is to describe the geometry of the structure its material properties and
27. graphical user interface Before starting the definition of the geometrical model t s good to introduce the graphical user interface of ATENA GiD The main window is shown in the Figure 2 It shows the basic layout of GiD program right after its start and it explains the basic functionality of the various icons and menus This window shows the basic layout of the GiD program At this stage it contains only commands for the creation of geometric objects In order to activate ATENA specific materials and boundary conditions an appropriate problem type needs to be selected This is described in the next section Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate Help 2 RL BF amp Slow weg bil Version s Main Menu The command of icons View Toolbar can be used for zooming and can be found in the rotating of a created model Main Menu and vice versa Create lines Toolbar can be used for The icon name will definition of straight and curved lines appear after leaving the mouse on the icon 2 x D wW gt f p 7 AD Te PN MAA Ir coe Surface and Volumes Toolbar can be used for definition of surfaces volumes and predefined volumes Message window through which the program communicates with a user ys View XY plane icon In Command line for manual input of This is the PROFESSIONAL Version The password for this host is valid and will expire on 15 Aug 2009 4 G al a7 DDR
28. ig Er N a I En a ES Command Figure 2 Graphical user interface of ATENA GiD 3 1 1 1 Problem type The GiD is a general purpose pre and post processing tool for var ety of numerical problems and analys s software The GiD can be customized to create input data for basically any finite element software The customization 1s done through the definition of various problem types Each problem type represents certain customization Therefore it 1s important to select an appropriate problem type at the beginning of the work In this case ATENA problem type has to be selected The problem type definition must be done before starting input of data Executing this command later may cause losing of all material and load definition The problem type is selected from the Main menu Data Problem Type AtenaV4 Static Once this is selected ATENA specific icons will appear in the main window see Figure 3 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities PSSA Mesh Calculate ATENA Help OB OS Petes es Fl cee Lay GiD Versions C Conditions Examples gt E Creep Materials j Transform ka Dynamic Interval Data Internet Retrieve DZ Problem Data gt Load Data units Unload Debugger Interval EEE Transport ba Local axes Starts definition of concrete material hye e ey Starts definition of reinforcement material PN OP AANI Draw
29. of post data is completed by selecting Accept button see Figure 172 Then the button Close can be pressed and the GiD will switch to post process automatically But there in the post process the data from AtenaWin has to be imported again EB It is done by the clicking on the AtenaWin icon Then the FRACTURE STRAIN can be found in the options for the post processing see Figure 173 to obtain this figure the 35 step has to be selected again Post data General Load and Forces strain Stress ELEM INIT STRAIN INCH EW PLASTIC STRAIN Es TERMAL CABLE SLIPS FRACTURE STRAIN MAAIRIGL FRACT STRAIN PLASTIC STRAIN PRINCIPAL FRACTURE STRAIN PRINCIPAL PLASTIC STRAIN PRINCIPAL SHELL MEMBRANE OTM Liki m Close Figure 172 The selection of the FRACTURE STRAIN 132 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project AtenaResults SEE Files View Utilities Do cuts NEWS Options Window Help ee No Results eo a No Graphs Default Analysis Step CRACK WIDTH Smooth Contour Fill DISPLACEMENTS Contour Lines FRACTURE STRAIN eps f xx Contour Ranges STRAIN eps f yy Show Min Max STRESS epsfzz Display Vectors gamma f xy Iso Surfaces gamma f yz get gt Stream Lines gamma f xz Graphs Si FRACTURE STRAIN Result Surface Si FRACTURE STRAIN Deformation f Si FRACTURE STRAIN Line Diagram dr Siii FRACTURE STRA 1 6129e 06 j 0 00029593 The message window shows max mum 0 00050348 a
30. of the main window The coordinates can be written all together separated by comma A dot represents a decimal point The definition of coordinates of each point is completed by ENTER In the command line it 1s very handy to use the key arrow up and down on your keyboard to view previously entered coordinates These previous coordinates can be changed and entered again In this case the following points should be entered Parameter input Coordinates of points 1 0 0 0 1 275 0 0 2 3 1 275 0 19 0 4 0 0 19 0 NOTE The table named Parameter input will guide you through the whole tutorial This table shows the parameters which should be entered There are predefined parameters in some dialogs windows for the definitions of parameters Then the table Parameter input shows only parameters which should be changed After entering coordinates the points appear in the graphical area see Figure 7 It is useful to enlarge the model such that it fills the whole screen For that the command View iu Zoom Frame in the main menu or the Frame icon can be used see Figure 8 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ed eo ee rs gt g DV Layerd ie GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED bil Versions lt Entered point 4 Enter point Command Figure 8 Using of the Z
31. pressing the button Delete After that the LayerO will be deleted see Figure 47 gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry Sel bil Versions Version 9 beam plates Layer To use v Layer On Off Color A f E E Sel New 2 Then the Dele te button Delete Rename alphabetic should be selected to delete Layer0 Tobacky SendTor Close Layer bars is OFF Layer plates is OFF Command FR Figure 47 After deactivation of the plates layer the graphical area will stay empty The Layer0 is active and it does not contains any geometry therefore it can be deleted It s recommended to display each layer separately to control if they contain all required geometry For the control see Figure 48 Figure 49and Figure 50 38 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8 BISGVIBAlD amp Glen Gill version s plates Layer To use v beam On off a na F E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Leaving change layers Layer beam is ON Ls Command Figure 48 The displayed beam layer contains beam volume GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8 BISGVIBAID amp VS GiD version s Layers A C Name vyolrult B beam
32. surfaces ESC to leave pil Version 9 Command Figure 13 The selection of the surface for the extrusion 15 To see the extruded volume it is possible to use Rotate Trackball icon 6 or holding left mouse button SHIFT key see Figure 14 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ed ed 8 gt Oo Layer Entities type Surfaces z Transformation Translation First point Num x 0 0 y 0 0 z 00 Second point Num x 0 0 y 0 0 z 0 32 Duplicate entities Do extrude Volumes v Create contacts V Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel The light blue prism defines a volume Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms af x 1 854 Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms y 0 1149 z z 0 Command Figure 14 The extruded volume the light blue prism defines a volume 3 2 2 Loading and supporting steel plates After the creation of the beam geometry load ng and supporting plates should be created The top plate loading plate will be created first The bottom plate supporting plate will be created by copying of the top plate The top plate will be created with using the commands Copy and Create lines These commands should be known from the previous chapter The dimensions and location of the plates can be seen on Figur
33. volumes The steel plates material was created and assigned In the last section the reinforcement material will be created 54 3 3 3 Reinforcement bars Before definition of the reinforcement material it is good to display only the Bars layer The material definition of the reinforcement starts by the selecting the icon or with the command Data Materials 1D Reinforcement see Figure 71 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers Files view Geometry Utilities PSSA Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Problem type gt x pil Versen Conditions SOLID Elastic Interval Data Sn en gt LID Concrete i Problem Data SOLD ScitFiack ici name yo Ful B Data units SHELL Concrete Steel beam BEAM Concrete Interval gt plates Local axes gt Interface TT Spring Layer To use Y bars On Off Color A f F ag Sel o New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To r Close Layer plates is OFF Command Figure 71 The selection of the command for the definition of the reinforcement material After the selection of this command the window for the definition of the 1D Reinforcement will appear see Figure 72 55 1D Reinforcement 29 EL 2 Basic Reint Function l Miscellaneous l Element Geometry Type of reinforcement Reinforcement Young Modulus E 200 GPa Characteristic Yield Strength f xk 500 MPa Class of Reinforcement Choose Class
34. zdenek janda cervenka cz Fi Please contact us in Case of some problens ff Developed For GID Version 8 2 0b Fi Atena Version 4 1 he Template build 2182 for Atena Static Creep Dynamic and Transport Analysis f f Html Help Version 9 0 for English ji Generating starting time Created Fri Jan na gt nna 14 47 10 bA Read BAR E Geometry O AtenaCalculation O 2em GAM an welei MD Geometry E 30Beam o001 E 30Beam 0002 E 30Beam 0003 E 3DBeam 0004 E 30Beam 0005 E 30Beam 0006 E 3DBeam 0007 E 3DBeam 0008 3DBeam 0009 E 3DBeam 0010 3DBeam 0011 3DBeam 0012 3 30Beam 0013 E 30Beam 0014 E 30Beam 0015 3DBeam 0016 3DBeam 0017 3DBeam 0018 3DBeam 0019 3DBeam 0020 3DBeam 0021 3DBeam 0022 3DBeam 0023 3DBeam 0024 3DBeam 0025 3DBeam 0026 3DBeam 0027 3DBeam 0028 3DBeam 0029 3DBeam 0030 3DBeam 0031 E 3DBeam 0046 3DBeam 0032 E 3DBeam 0047 3DBeam 0033 E 3DBeam 0048 3DBeam 0034 E 3DBeam 0049 3DBeam 0035 E 3DBeam 0050 3DBeam 0036 3DBeam 0037 3DBeam 0038 3DBeam 0039 3DBeam 0040 3DBeam 0041 3DBeam 0042 3DBeam 0043 3DBeam 0044 3DBeam 0045 Max U_x Min U_x Max U_z Min U_z Max X Min X Max Y Min Y Max Z Min Z 5 JU yA senna File name Files of type 308eam 0025 xi Results files 0 9 i Cancel Completed Figure 176 The 25 step should b
35. 00 5000000 s 3 Q o 0 2500000 T Z Max U_x 00024 Mm Ux 000018 ax Uy 000015 Min Uy 00011 Max U_z 009075 Mm U_z 000092 0 7500000 1 0000000 Mx 13 Mi gt 0 5000000 D mm 0 X lt E 3DBeam 31 7 2009 msg lolx of ignored superfluous contradictory A 0 012 5 5e 017 NR A of added superfluous contradictory y 0 023 0 0093 5 7e 017 NR B nemory required 22388 22388 0 026 0 011 3 2e 017 NR required for pure data only 3528 3 0 018 0 0078 5 6e 017 NR 2 number of data chunks per row 2 961 0 032 0 017 2 1e 017 NR 2 data chunks dimension 1 41801 1 4 0 027 0 013 1 1e 016 NR 4 0 03 0 012 3 65e 017 NR 7 0 024 0 0075 4 4e 017 NR matrix profile statistics SkyLine May 0 02 0 0087 7 5e 017 NR x lt ill gt K ill E Blk 59 i 19 OVR LEGEND p Geometry The moved loading steel plate Max U_x 00024 Mim U_x 000018 Mx Uy 000015 Mn Uy 00011 Max U_z 000075 Mnm U_z 000092 m Max X 13 Min X 0 Max Y 0 19 Min Y 0 Max Z 035 Mim Z 003 Curent time 1 Version 4 14 2570 Mi lt m 3 Ready Analysis completed E Time 1 30 OVR Figure 137 The moved loading steel plate 103 There should be Info window in the GiD see Figure 138 This informative window can be closed and the definition of the fixed contacts can be started see 4 1 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interfac
36. 2 4 Lay IS re ee en ee ale 31 3 3 Material parameters lt sicccicsscscessdendivisvardscrnsunvsascabscecsuuncsevesssveceuecensaducasctvansvanvewausustecuessacenssuceestussaes 41 3 3 1 Concrete Dedi es seen 41 332 Loading and supporting steel plate ann seaciaad ouscosebeeanemene umn seuouseassrekaasehedanennnekss 50 3 3 3 Re intore Menr Date tee E een 55 3 4 B oundary conditionscssiesssiieesgsessnsek E O E ea 63 3 4 1 SUDDO Re ee nee a ee ee ee ee ee 64 3 4 2 Displaecmen se ee ei ee Oe Oe 70 3 4 3 SV MMIC UL COM d one ee oat ten ad eter art cao aa 78 3 4 4 MONO Sener ea gm ee eg ee ee een 81 3 5 Intervals Loading NISCONY vescsscsesiccccnsnscacssanesersesosccoscssccteeeacndeevessessovacdsectscceensnsenssesssessssedsavcoesenens 89 3 6 Mesh generation au 91 3 6 1 STEUC AYN 216 El 18 ne ee ee ee nee eee 94 4 FENON LINEARANALYSIS 5 5 kill 4 1 Missing contats rsss EEA NAAA A A 104 4 1 1 Master Top Dean conditio isinne e e a e a 105 4 1 2 Slave Topple condi Oese a eree 108 4 1 3 Master bottom beam and Slave bottom plate Conditions ccccccessesssseeseeeesssesssssssssssssseeaes 110 4 2 AtenaWin interface description eesesesessssscssecccececcecccosscososceccceccececeossssececececeeceseosssssssesececeeeee 112 4 3 Load displacement grapn nun 114 4 4 Crack width GISDIAY wesssssciscessdsievessannseseseseustedscasacncannnseasecessssvessasacedseesdonsocesesesdesccasaseabenssasosensescess 119 Sa POST PROCESSING scicccscsccsecd
37. 4 0 078 0 12 0 000193 NR ji e mail ce 0 0017 0 026 0 022 4 6e 005 NR ff Please cor file statistics SkyLin 0 0017 0 03 0 029 5 3e 005 NR al Ka i il a Assembling Stiffness Internal Forces Elem 84 Time 34 0000 27 OYR Figure 158 The setting of the display of the undeformed model 122 Draw properties Model shape Common attributes wie Drawmede Data Stretch to fit window Yes Draw legend Yeg Scale Light Yes Type Absolute Relative Hidden line removal Yes Value Cache output On Black on white Yes Draw 130 areas Yes Draw all nodes Yes Rigid body BCs Yes Rendeng color and scale Line width Quadratic size Figure 159 The setting of the display of the undeformed model Humber of subintervals 123 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 File Edit view Windowes Input Output Draw Properties Application Help sh e8 58 4 E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor X cRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 ER gt Eg Convergence criteria 1 4 LEGEND Wanung 9000000 vdows is redrawn from the cache Emay be not up to time coo 00007151 000062571 000053632 000044694 000035755 000026816 000017877 8 9387e 005 0 x T z Im Relative error Mx Ux 0 00025 Mim Ux 000076 Max U_y
38. 775 Max value Drawing mode Automatic Bad Increment Increment Line width Number of ticks 10 Number of ticks E Font factor Label Displacement Label Cancel Figure 151 The graph properties definition 116 Parameter input Title L D Horizontal axis Number of ticks 10 Label Displacement Vertical value Number of ticks 6 Label Load AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Set 2 L D File Edit view Windows Input Output Draw Properties Application Help D a aala H 345 22 6 Bw Foam G ie a a Le S me D Ssh feet SENG 2 rr f A E Set 2 L D COK Bas L i D 0 0038699 00033861 00029024 0 0779472 00024187 0 0658952 00019349 00014512 000096746 0 0538432 000048373 Relative error Legend 0 LD E 0 0417912 0 0297392 hr x 000021 mU 00021 hr Uy 538 005 0 0176872 m U_y 3e 005 m U2 0005 m U_s 00043 0 0056352 wX 13 Mi 0 0000825 0 0005002 0 0009179 0 0013357 0 0017534 0 0021712 0 0025889 0 0030067 0 0034244 0 0038422 0 0042599 gt Displacement re l SES ff 5 5 5 2 A M VENEN ERNSTEESEEEIVENEESRESTEERTEREEFHRREFREENEN A Step 50 completed Elapsed CPU sec XXX X i gt AH jii x x x X x x Nu X XX X X X Job ATENA Log end 13 5 2009 15
39. AID amp Bin eg ee Layer ff gt Layer Touse v beam pH ite On Oh Col l After pressing Send to SA A GEB sa button the pull down menu will a New appear Delete Rename IT alphabetic PP Shee nn To back v Send To v Close a v Also lower entities Points 2 The option Also lower u 4 Lines Surfaces entities has to be active Dimensions L All 3 Then the Volumes should be selected GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry GiD version s Selected volume of the beam this Volume will be sent to the beam layer after the pressing of the Finish button Enter Yolumes to change them and lower entities to layer beam Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command Figure 39 The selection of the volume which should be sent to the beam layer 32 By the clicking selecting button On or Off the content of the chosen layer can be seen or hidden The yellow bulb next to the name of the beam represents the displaying of the content of the layer Also direct clicking on the bulb of the layer can make this command The LayerO the layer which was already there before creating the beam layer should be selected and then the button Off The yellow bulb will change to the grey colour It means that all its content should not be displayed The LayerO still contains the geometry of steel plates and reinforcement Therefore these geometries
40. CERVENKA CONSULTING C Cervenka Consulting Ltd Na Hrebenkach 55 150 00 Prague Czech Republic Phone 420 220 610 018 E mail cervenka cervenka cz Web http www cervenka cz ATENA Program Documentation Part 4 6 Tutorial for ATENA GiD 3D Shear Beam Step by step guide for nonlinear analysis with ATENA and GiD Written by Zdenka Proch zkov Jan ervenka Zden k Janda Dobromil Pryl Prague August 20 2009 Trademarks ATENA is registered trademark of Vladimir Cervenka GiD is registered trademark of CIMNE of Barcelona Spain Microsoft and Microsoft Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners Copyright 2000 2009 Cervenka Consulting Ltd TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 e INTRODUCTION 0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1 2 STARTING PROGRAM 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2 3 PRE PROCESSING 0 0000009000000009000090000000009000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 3 3 1 Introduction nA NS Rs 3 3 1 1 Introduction of the graphical user interface uuunncneenneeenennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnne nennen 4 3 2 Geometrical model 8 3 2 1 CONEA De ee ae ee ee ne E E E A 9 3 2 2 Loaditig and supporting steel plates 2 2 2 I I BR 16 3 2 3 Reintorcement OAS unless 28 3
41. D the 3D regions are called Volumes Therefore the geometrical model contains three volumes beam loading and supporting plates The reinforcement is modelled by two straight lines The definition of these geometrical entities is described in the subsequent chapters It is useful to use the layer function for the definition of the geometrical model It 1s a function where particular parts of the model can be placed on different layers and then displayed hidden or locked etc In this geometrical model three separate layers will be created beam layer plates layer and reinforcement layer 0 165 0 100 0 115 aaa ca mm T l ers 0 050 Zs 0 250 B 100 0 925 0 050 19 090 10 050 1 275 0 190 Figure 6 The geometrical model is composed from three volumes beam and two plates 0 030 0 320 3 2 1 Concrete beam A concrete beam forms the main part of the example This section describes the definition of the three dimensional beam geometry The geometry of the beam will be created by an extrusion of a rectangular surface That w ll be defined by four lines First step s to create points which will be later connected into a rectangular surface A point is created using the command Geometry Create Point in the Main menu In order to create a rectangle four points are needed Each point is defined by three coordinates x y z The coordinates of points should be written in the command line in the bottom part
42. For that it s useful to use an automatic surface definition with the command Geometry Create NURBS surface Automatic When th s automatic method is used the program asks for the number of bounding lines see Figure 25 After definition of th s number the program automatically creates all possible surfaces with the given number of bounding lines Enter value window Enter Number of lines Parameter Input Enter Number of lines 4 Cancel Figure 25 The definition of number of bounding lines After clicking on the OK button the required surface is created see Figure 26 Then the button Cancel should be selected to leave this function GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help bil version s DIT TN Oa ew b a I Kg z g al The pink rectangle of the new surface as Enter number of lines al x 0 7603 Leaving NurbSurface creation No changes T y 0 5588 vr Command Figure 26 The surface created by automatic surface creation 23 The geometry definition of the top plate will be finished by extrusion of the surface The extrusion s done by the Copy command which appears after selecting tem from the main menu Utilities Copy The height of the steel plate s 0 030 m The definition of the extrusion is depicted in the Figure 27 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Th
43. LID Elastic Interval Data en 2 R LID Concrete i Problem Data P SOLD SoiRock cine yo Ful tr e Data units SHELL Concrete Steel BEAM Concrete 1D Reinforcement Local axes gt Interface Spring Interval gt Layer To use v plates On Off Color ann EF s New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send To v Close ke Layer beam is OFF Command Figure 63 The selection of the command for the definition of the plates material After the selection of this command the window for the definition of the SOLID Elastic will appear seeFigure 64 50 SOLID Elastic Elastic aD Basic Miscellaneous Element Geometry Maternal Prototyoe COSDElastlsotropic Young s Modulus E 2 0E 5 MPa Poisson s Ratio MU 0 4 Assign ED Unass gn Exchange Figure 64 The window for the definition ofthe SOLID Elastic The process of the Elastic material creation is very similar to the creation of the Concrete material First t is important to copy material definition of the already existing material and save it under the new name There is only one elastic material and it will be chosen to be copied for the material of this example The Elastic 3D should be selected After the selection of the predefined material the icon New SOLID Elastic O should be pressed The selection of this material and selection of the New SOLID Elastic icon are depicted in the Figure 65 SOLID Elastic l The pull dow
44. Monitor Sele E Geometry lex Convergence criteria 1 4 LEGEND El Set 2 Untitled graph 0 0779472 Relative error 0 0598692 000025 0 00076 Legend 5 9e 006 0 0417912 3 6e 005 L D E onan 00022 13 v 2i 0 0237132 SS 0x 2333333 A 0 0056352 0 0000825 0 0008191 0 0015558 0 0022924 0 0030230 f f XXX X XXX XX 0 045 7 4e 005 NR ff v 2 statistics SkyLin vil 0 032 5 4e 005 NR S Read ARC Length Line Search Iteration In progress Time 37 6 OYR Figure 150 The L D diagram showing stage of the running analysis The graph parameters were defined Now the graph properties should be set It 1s done by the selecting of the Draw properties icon a After that the graph property window will appear and properties can be described The name of the graph should be L D name of the horizontal value should be Displacement and name of the vertical value should be Load It can be useful to change scale of axis in this case it has been chosen to change scale on horizontal value to 10 and on vertical axis to 6 The graph properties are described in the Figure 151 and the definition is finished by the clicking on the Apply button see Figure 151 Graph properties r Graph r Horizontal anis Wertical axis we Lo Manual ves Floating ves Manual Yes Floating es a labels vertically Yes Min value 15 2467699706434 2 0 Min value Redraw after SEN Max value 0 00425989306265
45. S f Global nodes be ch pray ee FRACTURE STRAIN 4 e chosen In this INTERNAL FORCES Element nodes case the MAxIMAL FRACT STRAIN MODAL DEGREES OF _FREEDUM C Elements ae El ts IF PAA T amp L EXTERNAL FORCES ements IE PARTIAL IN TERMAL FORCES FARTIAL_REACTIONS B PARTIAL_RESIDUAL_ FORCES ltem PERFORMANCE INDEX CRACK WIDTH should be chosen tL COD1 should be selected to display first crack which appear in the structure PLA4S TIC STRAIN PRINCIPAL FRACTURE STRAIN PRINCIPAL PLASTIC STRAIN PRINCIPAL STRAIN PRINCIPAL STRESS w Filter Figure 155 The crack width display The button OK has to be selected to complete the displaying of the cracks width see Figure 156 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis 3DBeam msg File Edit view Window s Output Application Help sh aee ea Deas ow eB amp B D 2 VE LIE E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor ae E CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 BE na LEGEND Convergence criteria 1 4 piep Waming 490000 dows is redrawn from the cache R may be not up to time coD1 000071905 000062917 000053929 000044941 0 7500000 0 00035953 0 00026964 0 00017976 8 9881e 005 2 0 T 2 05000000 m 5 Y T z E a Max U_x 000026 Mim U_x 000078 Max U_y 542 006 Mim U_
46. ace Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B bil version s Select lines to define structured mesh Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 128 The selection of the width lines Last step is to assign 1 cell to the each of the lines of the bottom right edge of the beam See Figure 129 and Figure 130 Enter value window Enter another number of cells to assign to lines Assign Figure 129 The number of cells for bottom right edge of the beam Parameter input Enter number of cells to assign to lines 98 When the volume of the beam is structured the enter value window can be closed by selecting the Close button GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help LIRI amp Sen Gil version s Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 130 The selection of the bottom right edge lines After the structured mesh definition the mesh can be generated It is done by command Mesh Generate mesh or it can be activated directly by pressing the key Ctrl and g at the same time After that the enter value window will appear see Figure 131 There the value 0 065 can be left and the button Ok can be pressed The ge
47. again to save all changes into the material see Figure 75 1D Reinforcement Bars EC2 Basic Reint Function Miscellaneous Element Geometry Maternal Prototype CCR enforcement Reinf 01 Young Modulus E 200 l Calculator Profile 6 mm Number of Profiles 1 i01 To recalculate click 4x Update 2 l The Calculator checkbox has to be selected to be possible to define profile 2 The profile diameter should be Area 0 0005209291E m changed to 26 mm It s important to read all help notes Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 75 The default Basic parameters of the reinforcement the icon Update changes has to be clicked 2x to change parameters The rest of the reinforcement parameters will be default There is no change necessary see Figure 76 Figure 77 and Figure 78 58 ih 1D Reinforcement Bm BE EC 2 Basic Reint Function Miscellaneous Element Geometry Reinf 01 Yield Strength YS 486 957 MPa Reinf 01 Number of Multlinear values 2 Reint Ol ep2 0 0225 Reint 01 f 505 607 Reint 01 eps3 0 Reinf 01 3 0 Reinf 01 eps4 0 Reinf 01 14 0 Reinf 01 eps5 0 Reinf 01 15 0 Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 76 The default Reinf Function parameters of the reinforcement Ut 1D Reinforcement be OSS BES I EL 2 Basic Reinf Function Miscellaneous Element Geometry kg Aho Density 7850 73 m Thermal Expansion 4lpha 0 000012 Ii Active in Compresion Assign Unagsign Exchange Figur
48. and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ver pr Shs bil versions x Conditions C Name YO FUL Tr B LER beam n m a bars 4 RR LEN ER l The selection of the line lt for the support condition alphabetic gt eS N q N Send To v Close 2 The button Finish has IN to be selected to complete support condition definition Enter Lines with new values Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help OD 25858 8 lt Spass bil version s L x x Constraint for Line xy hk a Basic Coordinate System GLOBAL Constraint V Y Constraint IV Z Constraint Layer Touse v plates On Off Color a f F Fr Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic Send To v Close Assign Entities Draw Unassign Command Figure 88 The support condition 69 3 4 2 Displacement On the top plate the predefined displacement should be defined This displacement will be located in the middle of the loading plate top plate and the displacement should be defined 0 0001m in the z direction This load should be applied on the point This point is not created yet Therefore first the geometry of the top plate has to be modified The po
49. beam condition Conditions command can be executed by the selection of the icon or by the selecting the command Data Conditions in the main menu The contact condition definition for master top beam is depicted in the Figure 139 Conditions a gt J Fixed Contact for Surface ar I Type of Cond Master The contact condition is applied on the surface therefore this icon should be selected ContactName Top By the clicking on the arrow the several options of conditions will offer The option Fixed Contact for Surface has to be selected For the beam the Master should be selected The Contact Name can be Top By this button this condition can be ass gned to the geometry see Figure 140 Assign Entities Draw Unagsign Close Figure 139 The master top beam contact condition Parameter input Fixed Contact for Surface Type of Cond MASTER Contact Name Top 105 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 31 7 2009 1B 2 e GiD version s T 1 The selection of the surface Ti er 0 the contact condition ty A 7 7 S LIL LY UN Fs Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete contact condition definition Enter Surfaces with new values Added 1 new surfaces to the selection Enter more surfaces ESC to leave Command Figure 140 The selection of the surface for the master top beam
50. betic To back v Send To v Close Surface divided Can continue Select surface to divide Command Figure 85 The divided top surface 67 When the geometry for the support s created the monitor condition can be defined Conditions command can be executed by the Data Conditions in the main menu or by the icon The support condition definition is depicted in the Figure 86 Conditions The monitor condition is applied on the line therefore this icon should be selected a a I ver Constraint for Line Basic By the clicking on the arrow the several options of conditions will offer The option Constraint selected i Constraint By the clicking on this button the several W Z Constraint options will appear The option GLOBAL coordinate system has to be selected The support is in the vertical direction Therefore the Z Constrain has to be selected In order to prevent any rigid displacement the Y Constrain should be selected too Assign Entities Draw Unassign By this button the monitor can be assigned to the geometry see Figure 87 Close Figure 86 The support condition definition Parameter input Constraint for Line Coordinate System GLOBAL Y Constraint Z Constraint wi By clicking on the icon Fi the created condition can be drawn After clicking on that icon the support condition will be displayed on the line see Figure 88 68 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D
51. cannot be applied to the structure in one moment Therefore it 1s necessary to divide interval in several load steps In this case the interval will be divided in 50 load steps The loading history can be prescribed by selecting item Data Interval Data in the main menu see Figure 115 After selection of this command the Interval data window will appear and data which should be defined are depicted in the Figure 116 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities MRE Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Problem type Gil Conditions Materials gt Problem Data gt Data units Interval Local axes Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit Command Figure 115 The Interval data command 89 Interval Data Basic Parameters Eigenvalue Analysis There is predefined displacement 0 0001 m on the structure This displacement is in one interval This interval has to be multiplied to reach the failure of the structure Therefore the Interval Multiplier will be 40 n this case Mw Interval ls Active Load Name Load Interval Multiplier 40 7 Number of Load Steps 50 Store Data for this Interval Steps Fatigue Interval Interval is necessary to divide E in load steps in which the defined load will be gradually applied into the structu
52. contact condition Next the command draw condition has to be selected to display defined condition The button Draw should be selected in the bottom of the Conditions window After clicking on that button several options will appear see Figure 141 For example the Colors can be selected and the master contact condition will be drawn see Figure 142 106 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 31 7 2009 Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B BISGBIBFAlD amp Sos Gil version s Conditions Fixed Contact for Surface Type of Cond Master ContactName Top This button should be selected to draw contact condition see Figure 142 Fixed Contact for Surface pope Colors olors All conditions Field s value Field s color olors can be selected GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam contacts SEs Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ver pr Glen GiD version s Conditions Wan E Master Top beam 1 d Now on conditions will be drawn by color press escape to leave Command Figure 142 The Master Top beam condition 107 4 1 2 Slave Top plate condition Conditions command can be executed by the selection of the icon or by the selecting the command Data Conditions in the main menu The contact condition definition for master top beam is depi
53. cted in the Figure 143 Conditions EW a We Fixed Contact for Surface t ie Type of Cond Slave The contact condition is applied on the surface therefore this icon should be selected By the clicking on the arrow the several options of conditions will offer The option Fixed Contact for Surface has to be selected ContactName Top For the plate the Slave should be selected The Contact Name has to be same like the name of the master condition of the beam Otherwise the beam and plate would not be connected The Top contact name should be written Assign Ente By this button this condition can be assigned to the geometry see Figure 144 Figure 143 The slave top plate contact condition Parameter input Fixed Contact for Surface Type of Cond SLAVE Contact Name Top 108 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 31 7 2009 B ey GiD version s u 1 The selection of the surface a Q for the contact condition Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Finish 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete contact condition definition Enter Surfaces with new values Added 1 new surfaces to the selection Enter more surfaces ESC to leave Command Figure 144 The selection of the surface for the slave top plate contact condition 109 4 1 3 Master bottom beam and Slave bottom plate conditions The bottom conditions will be
54. ctures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 karten Efe x File Edit view Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help _ e x wu eee i ae D 5930 WEEK YB ARH AY THE SR OLA Qe DV HLH RD A LEGEND gt CRACK_WIDTH coDl 000075238 000065833 000056428 000047024 000037619 000028214 000018809 9 40472 005 0 x Y z Mx Ux 000024 Mm Ux 000075 Max U_y 998 006 Min U_y 2 7e 005 Max U_z 0 00073 Min U_z 00029 M K 13 Min K 0 Mx Y 0 19 Min Y 0 MMax Z 035 Min Z 003 Max Wal 0 00075 Min Val 0 Time 35 0000 V 4 14 2793 License 4001 Figure 163 The drawn crack width All of these options of the crack width display display and draw are n the fact the post processing features but they can be used during the running of the analys s During running analysis the all AtenaWin post processing capabilities can be used For more information it is recommended to study AtenaWin Manual 7 126 5 POST PROCESSING The created model can be post process n the AtenaWin or in the GiD 5 1 GiD post processing After finished analysis AtenaWin window can be closed The program asks if all changes should be saved Then button Yes should be selected n all cases Then back in the GiD interface the process info will appear Through this dialog the program asks if the process of the analysed problem is finished or if the post process should be started
55. d on the point see Figure 113 86 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Project 3DBeam monitors EEx bil version s C Name HO F U Tr IB beam m r bars 5 D plates 5 6 Layer To use w beam On Off Color f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic Toback Send To v Close 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete monitor condition Enter Points with new values Added 1 new points to the selection Enter more points ESC to leave Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Conditions Monitor for Point Output Data DISPLACEMENTS Dirx M Diy M Diz I Draw Each Iteration MonitorN ame Deflection Assign Entities Close Hax bil Versen bars dc D plates 5 D Layer To use v beam On Off Color a f F E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Command Figure 113 The second monitor condition 87 All boundary condition should be defined For control t s recommended to display fm boundary condition It can be done by clicking on the icon see Figure 146 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 10 5 221 BF amp Glee 824 bil Versions First monitor and displacement conditio
56. e 15 0 165 0 100 om x om om em S a l x p 0 050 0 250 9 100 0 925 1 275 Figure 15 The dimensions of the half beam and location of steel plates 16 3 2 2 1 Top plate It s useful and easier to use existing elements for the creation of a new object The top plate is located on the right corner of the created beam Therefore the upper right edge of the beam can be copied and moved to 0 115 m from the right end Then this line will be copied and moved again The second copy operation should move the line by a distance identical to the width of the steel plates These two lines will be then connected into a rectangle The surface will be added to this rectangle and then this surface will be extruded into a volume of the steel plate Before starting copying it is better to zoom in the right beam corner see Figure 16 The Zoom in is activated by command View Zoom In or by clicking on the icon gt The command Zoom in and out can be also activated by holding SHIFT key and using mouse scroll In that case it is also necessary to move the view of the geometry It can be done by holding SHIFT right mouse button GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Fies view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help z J er This edge will be copied by 0 115 m along the x axis in the negative direction 38 conditions read 4 x 0 7603 17
57. e 155 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Geometry File Edit view Windows Input Output Draw Properties Application Help Baise Pees FAS aw THR ew OLM ara e Le D i 886 een Pos processor data E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor Sele ER Geometry DAR Convergence criteria 1 4 Post processor data icon LEGEND 7 1 0000000 a 0 7500000 0 5000000 Geometry Window is active therefore the all graphic toolbar 0 2500000 icon are active too IM Relative error Max U_x 000021 Mn U_x 00021 ax Uy 538 005 Min Uy 3e 005 Max U_z 0B0 Mn U_z 00043 12 500000 25 000000 37 500000 50 000000 M K 13 Mi lt m gt Time Step 50 completed Elapsed CPU sec J ff ji XXX X XXX AH x x x X X Y x XX KX BR FF X XX X X X Job ATENA Log end 13 8 2009 16 09 2 ji X XZ 3 D Gm XXX X XXX XX i 2 2 2222 v v Draw FE output data specification Analysis completed Time 50 30 OYR Figure 154 The active geometry window 119 Post processor data General M Draw output Avallable data CURRENT NODAL COORDINATES DISPLACEMENTS ELEM_TOTAL_TEMPERATURE Several options of Location EXTERNAL FORCE
58. e 77 The default Miscellaneous parameters of the reinforcement 59 1D Reinforcement zii IR C AD p 7 nl 1 Quadratic Elements lefault Sop Figure 78 The default Element Geometry parameters of the reinforcement 60 When the bars material parameters are defined the material can be assigned to the geometry It is done by selecting the button Assign in the bottom of the material window After this the several options will appear In this case the Bars material will be assigned to two straight lines Therefore the option Lines should be selected Then the lines of the reinforcement can be selected in the graphical area and the button Finish has to be pressed to complete assigning see Figure 79 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam22 7 2009 l 1D Reinforcement Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help m oe Ce ee IZ 9 o Woo w m gt J terorcement z u EC2 Basic Reinf Function Miscellaneous Element Geometry The button Finish has to be selected to complete assigning of the material Finish Velete hename alpnabelic To back v Send Tor Close BS The lines of the reinforcement has to be selected Enter Lines to assign to Material Bars Added 2 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 79 The assigning of the Bars material into lines 61 All mate
59. e Project 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 2063 221 BF 1 amp Blew 1B 4 Gill Versions N VA V E AAA IN Info You can only define Monitors in the first Interval al Er ai P IN INV Info You can only define Truss or Cables in the first Interval 79 Info At the End of Input File is writen information about Load Intervals and Steps Ny Y Info Input file was written and will be executed by Atenawin N N IN IN NA or eo Process 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh started at Thu Aug 13 10 11 46 has finished File written OK Command Figure 138 The GiD interface after analysis 4 1 Missing contacts The geometry s composed from three 3D regions concrete beam and two steel plates These regions should be connected However in this example there is no connection yet Therefore the contact condition has to be added Contact condition distinguishes Master and Slave condition In this case the beam will be master and plates will be slaves Therefore four contact conditions have to be added two master conditions on beam top and bottom and two slave conditions on plates top and bottom Before condition definition by the clicking on the icon B the mesh will be hidden and geometry will be displayed It can be also done by selecting command Geometry View geometry in the main menu 104 4 1 1 Master Top
60. e easiest method to accomplish this 1s by loading the beam by prescribed displacements condition at the top steel plate It 1s important to monitor forces displacement or stresses during non linear analysis The monitor data are important information about the state of the structure For instant from monitoring of applied forces it is possible to determine f the maximal load was reached or not The overall of the conditions there are four types of the boundary conditions in this example monitors support displacement and symmetry conditions 63 3 4 1 Support The analyzed beam is supported at the bottom steel plate in the vertical direction The support condition should be applied to the line This line has to be added into the bottom plate geometry It will be done by dividing the bottom plate surface The steel plates are placed in the plates layer Therefore the plate layer should be activated and displayed The bars layer can be hidden but the beam layer is better to keep displayed to be able recognize the bottom surface It is also recommended to zoom in the bottom plate Make sure that the zoomed surface is the bottom surface of the bottom plate see Figure 81 and Figure 82 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ed om 2 re a Oo L beam z Gil Versen gt Ci Name o v beam Q bars 4 Layer To use w beam
61. e opened 135 JH IN eizauenasMSsg LEGEND Max U_y Mn U_y Sele A m 1e 020 1e 020 1e 020 1e 020 1e 010 1e 010 1e 020 le 020 1e 020 le 020 le 010 1e 010 Time 0 00000 W 4 142793 License 4001 w 8 EX Time 0 00000 0 _OVR AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 File Edit view Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help Dl faye EEE SH eae oea E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor Convergence criteria 1 4 1 0000000 0 7500000 0 5000000 Relative error 0 2500000 12 500000 13 750000 25 000000 PR atena err GEE atena inp TENA Log start X E CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 14 5 2009 13 43 04 Version 4 1 4 2570 TENA Log end 14 5 2009 13 43 04 ic Cervenka Con Hex Im s m See Sel ee ee u A Job ATENA Log start 14 5 2009 13 43 Job ATENA Log end 14 8 2009 13 43 C v al m o a a Archive restored Figure 177 The crack width display of the 25 step 136 6 CONCLUSION This tutorial provided a step by step introduction to the usage of ATENA GiD on an example of a reinforced concrete beam without shear reinforcement Although this example is relatively simple from geometrical and topological point of view it is not a simple problem from the numerical point of
62. ecoscacececsssccoscscccsceCacestcodecouesecsestacaccecsececoucsecsctecoececteevecees 127 5 1 GID POST processing una cascessisveceensuasedludsvevsccssuinevscsussestieuercosesocsseusedsocntscneudeeseeesdavesseves 127 5 2 AtenaWin post processing viscscssscveccssssccsssccedscssceccssectceuessdsasdecveussesds lt ouctedesbecsdssccsscdsestsessedsvesesdenes 134 Gs CONCLUSION Gissssscekiccsecesiencecaccsatcee a SduwdccaslacidcnSecesceaslaseveatcsccacesisecdaee 1 DZ 7 PROGRAM DISTRIBUTORS AND DEVELOPERS 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1 38 8 LITERATURE ceccdcccictcdccevcescucsectcdecatcacecececncescesencesedeeadoaeveesesadecnececesoseaweceeseewceseesancceccs TAU 1 INTRODUCTION This tutorial provides a basic introduction to the usage of the program ATENA and GiD and it is specifically targeted for ATENA GiD beginners ATENA GiD is a finite element based software system specifically developed for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures ATENA is used for the analysis itself and the program GiD is used for data preparation and mesh generation This tutorial contains a step by step explanation how to perform a non linear analysis on an example problem of a reinforced beam without smeared reinforcement The geometrical and material properties correspond to the experimental setup by Leonhard in 1962 More details about the problem or experiment can be also obtained from the original report 6 or from
63. ed to complete translation ee I Finish Press Finish to end selecti X Enter Lines to Copy af x 0 7603 Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 18 The selection of the line which should be copied GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B BI SGC21B 51 amp sim il version s Entities type Lines v The copied line Transformation Translation zu First point Num x 00 y 0 0 z00 O Second point Num x 0 115 y 0 0 9 z00 Duplicate entities Do extrude No k Create contacts JV Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Selected 1 Lines Geometry has 1 new lines 2 new points Leaving y 0 5588 z 0 Command Figure 19 The new copied line 19 Now the new line w ll be copied again to create the second edge of the top plate The width of the plate s 0 100 m Therefore the second line will be translated by 0 100 m The parameter definition is depicted in the Figure 20 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Then the line required for copying can be selected n the graphical area see Figure 21 After the selection of the line it is necessary to press Finish button to complete the translation see Figure 22 Entities type Lines Paramete
64. en the surface required for the extrusion can be selected in the graphical area see Figure 28 After the selection of surface it is necessary to press Finish button to complete the extrusion see Figure 29 Entities type Surfaces Parameter Input east Translation Entities type Surfaces m s Transformation Translation A First point x 0 0 Second point y 0 0 7 z 0 0 oe Second point x 0 0 Duplicate entities y 0 0 Do extrude Wolumes 7 z 0 03 T Create contacts Do extrude Volumes i Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Figure 27 The definition of the steel plate extrusion 24 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help The red colored selected surface a HUN BHA First point N um p gt z 00 Second point N im gt 2 UUs Duplicate entities Do extrude Iv lur e a A I Create contacts JV Maintain layers Enter Surfaces to Copy Added 1 new surfaces to the selection Enter more surfaces ESC to leave GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED es View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculat STENA Help EX GD 22 Fe 5 gt Oo L Layer The steel plate volume defined by light blue prism aS HUN BHA GiD Versions x Entities type Surfaces T Transformation Translation v First
65. erface Project 3DBeam IR EIER Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help i m Version 9 bil G Ge tiak arigu MRa ied eig Contextual a Fe ii RR GP A ATENA static Zoom Rotate Pan Sa Redraw 1e Fx lt Normal Label Smooth Layer Change light dir Customize y A x of Quit Reflection Define reflection Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms mode has changed od Command Figure 134 The flat rendered geometrical model z Image to clipboard When the mesh is correctly generated the geometrical model definition is finished and calculation can be started See following chapter 4 101 4 FE NON LINEAR ANALYSIS This chapter describes the process of running a non linear analysis of the Leonhardt beam using the data that have been prepared in the previous sections of the tutorial The finite element analysis is started by the clicking on the icon or by the using of command Calculate Calculate After selecting this command the program will start to generate the input files for each step of the non linear analysis This process is indicated by the dialog box see Figure 135 And then the AtenaWin window will appear and analysis will be in progress see Figure 136 Dialog box Ses Initializing process YYa t please Figure 135 The initializing of the analysis I
66. ete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Displacement condition Assigned 1 new Points to condition Displacement_for_Point press escape to leave Command Figure 100 The displacement condition 71 3 4 3 Symmetry condition The beam of this example is symmetrical Therefore the only half of the beam is analysed and it s necessary to enforce the axis of the symmetry along right side of the beam This means that the horizontal x displacements along this side should be equal to zero It can be done by definition of the boundary condition on the surface see Figure 101 Conditions command can be executed by the icon A or by the Data Conditions in the main menu The symmetry condition definition is depicted in the Figure 102 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors BER 90 63 221 B Fil p Shas 824 bil version s Layer Touse w plates On Off Color n na m E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back SendTo v Close The surface where the symmetry condition should be defined ke Leaving drawing conditions function Layer bars is ON l Command Figure 101 The surface for the symmetry condition 78 Conditions 2 eE Constraint for Surface wk Basic The symmetry condition s applied on the surface therefore this icon should be selected Coordinate System GLOBAL i Constraint Constraint 2 Constraint By
67. f the creation of the geometrical model and definition of the boundary conditions were done right the static analysis should be finished in one minute Then in the Geometry window it 1s possible to see that the loading steel plate was moved see Figure 137 by the applied loads and therefore the structure could not be calculated correctly It 1s because there 1s no connection between concrete beam and steel plates Program does not automatically detect possible contact between volumes Contacts have to be added manually by boundary special conditions Therefore it is necessary to return back to the GiD graphical interface and defined fixed contacts AtenaWin can be simply closed without any savings of data and then it is necessary to return back to the GiD graphical interface and define fixed contacts In this tutorial the geometry s created by three separated volumes and therefore contacts have to be added If the corresponding surfaces of the steel plates would be parts of the geometry of the beam all parts of the structure would be connected and no special condition would have to be defined 102 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Geometry LER File Edit View Windowes Input Output Draw Properties Application Help SUSAR OR MSP Resse PHBH BE Fahr THR eR OLM arn gael E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor EX ER Geometry DER A Convergence criteria 1 4 LEGEND 2 Geometry 1 0000000 0 7500000 S T S
68. g of the surface The dialog window asks in which direction the surface should be divided There are U and V direction and in the graphical area it is possible to see green axis representing U and V direction In this case USense should be chosen Once the USense button is chosen the program asks for the number of the divisions Top surface should be divided into two parts see Figure 92 Enter value window Enter number of divisions Figure 92 The enter value window Parameter input Enter number of divisions 2 72 The button OK should be pressed in the enter value window After that the surfaces is divided see Figure 93 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Bo 2 SSL SF DR Ss GiD version s BoC beam a i bars d B v plates 65 B Layer To use v plates Off Color aa E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send Tor Close Surface divided Can continue Select surface to divide Command Figure 93 The divided top surface 73 Now the middle line can be divided into two parts It can be done by executing command Geometry Edit Divide Lines Num Division or by the icon After the executing of th s command the enter value w ndow will appear There should be written number of divisions The line should be divided n two divisions see Figure 95 GiD AtenaV4 S
69. genceMonitor 7 Set 2 L D 0 051530 0 040042 Load C0 E 0 0285545 All opened graphs 0 0C 0 0C 0 0C 0 0C 0 0C 0 0C 0 0C 0 0 0 0C 0 0C 0 0041531 Displacement 0 017066 Baj eol 3DBeam msg 27 T 0 001 0 018 0 04 1 8e 005 NR 1 1 0 83 0 8 L5 28 1 0 00073 0 01 0 018 7 6e 006 NR 29 1 0 00067 0 0085 0 0083 5 6e 006 NR Step 50 completed Elapsed CPU sec this step bal HB BB ABM Dee eS Ale RACK WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 Geometry window We Le EE He L ox LEGEND CRACK_WIDTH coDl 0 003362 00029417 00025215 00021012 0001681 00012607 00008405 000042025 0 X Y z Mx Ux 0 00022 Mim Ux 00019 Max U_y 35e 005 Min U_y 29e 005 Max U_z 00049 Mm U_z 00042 Max X 13 Min X 0 Max 0 19 Min Y 0 Max Z 035 Mm zZ 003 Max Val 00034 Min Val 0 Time 50 0000 V 4 14 2793 License 4001 gt A v Ej x Editing File Figure 153 The executing of the Default layout 2 118 4 4 Crack width display During the running analysis can be also good to display crack width in the Geometry window When this window is active the all icons of Graphics Toolbar are active too The executing of displaying of the crack width is done by clicking on the Post processor data icon see Figure 154 After that the Post processor data window will appear and the width crack display can be defined see Figur
70. he Beam material will be assigned to the beam which is a volume Therefore the option Volumes should be selected Then the volume of the beam geometry can be selected in the graphical area and the button Finish has to be pressed to complete assigning GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers SEF Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help ELF pr Bin B bil version s beam 4 c E id hi 7 bea ui ar Ei plates S r K i ud ud The button Finish has to be selected to complete assigning of the material Enter Volumes to assign to Material Beam Finish P Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command Figure 62 The assigning of the CONCRETE material to the volume The beam material was created and assigned Now in the following section the steel plates material can be created 3 3 2 Loading and supporting steel plates Before definition of the loading and supporting plates material it is good to display only the plates layer Loading and supporting steel plates are made from elastic material The material definition of plates starts with the command Data Materials SOLID Elastic in the main menu see Figure 63 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers Files view Geometry Utilities PASA Mesh Calculate ATENA Help n ac gt Z piu Problem type gt Ee Conditions SO
71. iStructured Cartesian Boundary layer Quadratic elements Element type Yv v v Yy vv v Mesh criteria Reset mesh data Draw Enter size of elements to be generated Leaving generation Command Figure 117 The Generate mesh command 91 Enter value window Lancel Figure 118 The program offer the size ofmesh Dialog window Ed ee Mesh Generated Press OK to see it Mum of linear elements 39 Hum of Tetrahedra elements 291 2 Hum of podes 89 Cancel Figure 119 The numbers of elements and node of this geometrical model The demo version of the GiD is limited to 1000 nodes The example of this tutorial contains 789 nodes Therefore the automatic sized mesh could be generated see Figure 120 But the demo version of AtenaWin is limited to 300 elements see Figure 121 And this mesh contains almost 3000 elements therefore this mesh will not be functional in AtenaWin and the number of element should be decreased It can be done by structured mesh which allows controlling numbers of elements Also in structural analysis it 1s usually preferred to use brick elements Therefore in the next steps of the mesh generation the option to create six side brick element will be described In this case the structured mesh will be specified only for the beam volume because it 1s important part of the structure for the structural analysis 92 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBea
72. ic material SOLID Elastic Plates Basic Miscellaneous Element Geometry Geometrical Mon Linearty LINEAR l dealisation 30 Assign Draw Unassign Exchange Close Figure 69 The default Element Geometry parameters of the elastic material 53 When the elastic material parameters are defined the material can be assigned to the geometry It is done by selecting the button Assign in the bottom of the material window After selecting this button the several options will appear In this case the Plates material will be assigned to the loading and supporting steel plates which are volumes Therefore the option Volumes should be selected Then the volumes of the plates can be selected in the graphical area and the button Finish has to be pressed to complete assigning GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers SEE Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help O Ie re 2 pates z a2 len 9 Pe s The volumes of the steel plates have to be selected Layer To use v plates On Off A n E a Sel Color Basic Miscellaneous Element Geometry The button Finish has to be selected to complete assigning of the material any Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Finish Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command Figure 70 The assigning of the Plates material to the
73. ich can be displayed To be able to post process more results in GiD the result quantities must be made available by selecting them in the pre processing Therefore first the program has to be switched to pre processing It is done by selecting Toggle between pre and postprocess icon lt see Figure 170 After the dialog window appear and the button OK should be pressed The program switches into pre processing Then the command Data Problem Data Post Data can be selected in the main menu and the window for the definition of the post data will appear see Figure 171 130 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project AtenaResults Files View Utilities Docuts Yiewresults Options Window Help n Version 9 bil This icon should be selected to switch between pre and postprocess DAGE II rn i A COD1 E 0 0005707 E 0 00050729 0 00044388 z 0 00038047 0 00031706 0 00025364 0 00019023 0 00012682 6 34 11e 05 0 LT ea ons gt step 35 Contour Fill of CRACK WIDTH COD1 Post data General Load and Forces Strain Stress M CRACK WIDTH MW DISPLACEMENTS l EIGENVECTORS IMPERFECTIONS PERFORMANCE INDEX PHYSICAL PARAMETERS M SOFT HARD PARAMETER CURRENT NODAL COORDINATES REFERENCE NODAL COORDINATES Close Figure 171 The selection of the data which should be available in the post process 131 For example the FRACTURE STRAIN can be chosen The definition
74. igure 99 Assign Entities Draw Unassign Close Figure 98 The displacement condition definition Parameter input Displacement for Point Z Displacement 0 0001 m wi Be By clicking on the icon the created condition can be drawn After clicking on that icon the displacement condition will be displayed on the point see Figure 100 76 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help bil Versions eae cf 5 v plates 5 B Layer Touse v plates On Off Color A f E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close 1 The selection of the point for the displacement condition 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete displacement condition definition Enter Points with new values Added 1 new points to the selection Enter more points ESC to leave GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Sle Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help OD 2 od od 271 lt Spass J a aR Displacement for Point X R a USE decimal point DO NOT use comma if Coordinate System GLOBAL Displacement 0 0 E Y Displacement 0 0 Z Displacement 0 0001 DIE IS PA m Close FAR BHAI Entities Draw Unassign bil Versions Ess d B v plates 5 B Layer Touse v plates On Off Color n f F Sel New Del
75. iii FRACTURE STRA a l 1 6129e 06 Wd 08 2 0 Master kp u m Intel R Software Development Tools 2 Internet Explorer 0 00059348 E Calculator gt IntraPDF wy MSN Explorer 0 00089103 ED rani r Remote Assistance 0 0011886 B Skype e 0 0014861 Java web Start l software Setup 00017837 H BERN defrag vmware Workstation 0 0020812 ad editor m Mm Lavasoft Gg vuze 0 0023788 C l Py pe 0 0026763 AtenaWin v4 Statics a Mach5 Analyzer m MathType 6 S All Programs a 4 STRAIN Siii FRACTURE STRAIN T MGTEK Help Producer fan Microsoft Developer Network zl M Microsoft Office MM Microsoft Office Small Business Tools 3 re C4 14 29 Figure 174 Starting of the AtenaWin Then results data can be restored by Application Restore FE Model From command in the main menu see Figure 175 The step data file name should be 3DBeam 00xx where 3DBeam is task name and 00xx represents the load step number which should be post processed In this case for example the 25 step can be chosen see Figure 176 Then the display crack width can be defined see Figure 177 The process of displaying of the crack width is described in the chapter 4 4 More information about postprocessing can be found in AtenaWin Manual 7 134 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Geometry File Edit View Window s Input Output Draw Properties Soa Help Open AtenaWin Session als Mi an ge lets D
76. ing the name bars into the window and pressing button New Then the reinforcement layer will appear in the list of layers The newly created bars layer is automatically activated The activation is sign by a E The moving of the reinforcement geometry into the bars layer can be started by pressing of the button Send to Then the pull down menu will open see Figure 42 The reinforcement geometry contains two types of entities and all of them should be moved into the bars layer Therefore the Also lower entities have to be activated and the command Lines should be chosen After selecting the Lines in the pull down menu the geometry which should be send to the bars layer can be selected see Figure 43 The pressing Finish button will complete this command 34 LayerO 1 After pressing Send to button the pull down beam menu will appear Layer To use v bars Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send Tor Close v Also lower entities Points Surfaces Volumes Dimensions GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry SEE GiD version s Selected lines of the reinforcement these lines will be sent to the bars layer after the pressing of the Finish button QI Iw A 2 me Finish 9 HN BHA Enter Lines to change them and lower entities to layer bars Added 2 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 43 The selection of the lines which should
77. int should lie in the centre of the top surface This point has to be part of the top plate geometry It cannot be simply created on the surface Therefore the top surface will be divided into two surfaces and then the line which separates these surfaces will be also divided into two parts Then the middle point will represent a monitor point and the monitor condition can be applied The steel plates are placed in the plates layer Therefore the plate layer should be activated and displayed The beam and bars layers can be hidden It is also recommended to zoom in the top plate see Figure 89 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help GiD Versions Version 9 Layer Touse v plates On Off Color a n E mg Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back v Send To v Close Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Deleted 1 lines Leaving deleting function Command Figure 89 The activated plates layer and zoomed top plate 70 The to surface will be devided with executing of the command from main menu Geometry Edit Divide Surfaces of the Divide surface icon A see Figure 90 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Deiner Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Bad Ye geomety lt gt H Vepstes B Create 70 Delete Move point Lines
78. itions A The monitor condition is applied on the 47 I point therefore this icon should be selected Monitor for Point ne BLASEN By the clicking on the arrow the several Output Data REACTIONS options will offer The option Monitor Dir for point has to be selected Dir By the clicking on this button the several w Dire options will appear The option Draw Each Iteratio REACTIONS has to be selected Montor ame Load The monitor point will monitor reactions in the Z direction therefore this checkbox has to be selected The name of the top plate monitor will be 4 gt Load Assign Ente By this button the monitor can be assigned to the geometry see Figure 106 Figure 105 The first monitor condition definition 8 1 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Parameter input Monitor for point Output Data Dir Z Monitor Name Load REACTIONS Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Enter Points with new values g 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete monitor condition Added 1 new points to the selection Enter more points ESC to leave bil version s Layer Touse v plates On Off Color A f F ag Sel New Delete Rename f alphabetic To back Send To r Close Command Figure 106 The selection of the first monitoring point 82 m By clicking on the icon FA the created condition can be dra
79. line removal V Yes 0 a g Yalue 01 Cache output C 0n 5 5 Black on white Yes 5 P i Yes z J Rendering color and scale Draw iso areas 0 Mx Ux 000025 Mim Ux 000077 Mx U_y 72e 006 Mim U_y 3 1e 005 Max U_z 000078 Mm U_z 00028 Draw all nodes Cl Yes um Rigid body BCs Yves zur a Mid Line width Mde Font size gen N N Mx k 13 a Max Quadratics size me N M Y 0 19 Mn Y 0 M Z 035 Max Val 000072 Min Wal 0 Time 34 0000 V 4 14 2793 License 4001 w m E 3DBeam inp 3 3DBeam msg JEIX zSE m m m mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm mm BCs statistics before after elimination A 0 0033 0 044 0 035 0 00014 NR A fi 288 288 0 0032 0 046 0 052 0 00015 NR fi XXX X XXX XXX nd master dofs 615 0 0032 0 039 0 046 0 00012 NR f f x x xX X x X nt needles BCs O0 0 81 0 8 LS Ji x a X x x Superfluous contradictory BCs O 0 0026 0 03 0 029 7 9e 005 NR Ji my es A x x uperfluous contradictory BCs O 0 0024 0 41 0 7 0 001 NR f f x xs se Ze x aired 76316 76316 0 0039 0 13 0 18 0 00051 NR f f XXX X XXX XXXXX or pure data only 12864 12864 0 0031 0 064 0 11 0 0002 NR Ji data chunks per row 4 14236 4 14236 0 0019 0 041 0 038 7 9e 005 NR ff ks dimension 1 34786 1 34786 0 0029 0 23 0 41 0 00067 NR ff Copyright Cervenka Consulting 2003 2009 i 0 002
80. m 12 8 2009 SE Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8B BI BSSG2I1BFlD amp Bin Lil version s 2 SA f AN A N ape le PE oc een it PACA AL thy Ta Do Bat ETS as fs th Changed size automatically to 62 entities Mesh Generated To see it use command meshyiew Command Figure 120 The generated mesh W AtenaWin CCFEModelExc Number of elements in DEMO version is limited to 300 Source line 715 File Watena 4 SourcestIncludeCCFEModel CCFEModel h last modified at Mon Apr 20 11 59 19 009 Figure 121 The limitation of demo version of ATENA In this example the beam will have structured brick mesh and steel plates will be meshed with tetrahedral elements 93 3 6 1 Structured mesh Because this example should be possible to create in demo version the mesh of the beam volume will be structured and limited The finite element size should be 5 elements over the beam height 2 elements over the beam width and 16 elements over the beam length The structured mesh s done by command Mesh Structured Volumes n the main menu GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data WIESE Calculate ATENA Help DB Yen Jesse 9 Moe SemiStructured gt ST Surfaces gt Cartesian Boundary layer Quadratic elements Element type Mesh criteria Reset mesh data Draw RR Generate mesh Erase mesh Edit
81. materials read y 0 5588 z He z 0 Command Figure 16 The geometry after Zoom in 17 The Copy menu appears after selecting Utilities Copy in the Main menu The new line should be in the 0 115 m distance from the right edge of the beam The copied entity is line and there is no extrusion necessary The parameter definition 1s depicted in the Figure 17 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Then the line required for the copying can be selected in the graphical area see Figure 18 After the selection of the line it is necessary to press Finish button to complete the translation see Figure 19 x Parameter input Entities type Lines 7 Entities type Lines ll gt Transformation Translation an First point x 0 0 i y 0 0 Second point Z 0 0 na Second point x 0 115 a zen y 0 0 T Duplicate entities Z 0 0 ream W Do extrude No W Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Figure 17 The definition of translation of the line 18 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help BBISG21B S51 amp sim Lil version s This line should be selected SS ae for the translation ks Ftpit Num Res Second point tum gt z 00 I Duplicate entities rt Do extrude No v I Create contacts The button Finish has to be ee select
82. mesh e Show error View mesh boundary Create boundary mesh Mesh quality Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Command Figure 122 The Structured mesh command Once th s command is executed the volume which should be structured has to be selected see Figure 123 After the selection the program asks for the number of cells which should be assigned to the lines see Figure 124 94 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B 1B Select volumes to define structured mesh Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command Enter value window Enter number of cells to assign to lines Assign Figure 124 The number of cells for length of the beam Parameter input Enter number of cells to assign to lines When the number of cells is defined the button Assign has to be pressed to select lines which should be structured The 16 cells will be assigned to the beam length When the one line of the volume is selected the rest of the lines will be selected automatically see Figure 125 95 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 3063 2218 RI amp Glew B Gill version s X Selec
83. meters of concrete class 30 37 and Safety Format should be Mean It can be done by selecting this class parameter and safety format in the material window The process of the class and safety format definition 1s depicted in the Figure 56 It is very important to select checkbox Generate Material otherwise no parameters will be updated All parameters definition is completed by clicking on the Update Changes icon 2 SOLID Concrete Beam r ws eS gt ELS Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry Ww Generate Material ah leci C heck bos and click Update 4 The Update changes anges buton to generate the material icon has to be selected Strength Class 30 37 to complete parameter Safety Format Mean definition It is important to read all help notes 3 The Mean Safety Format should be selected 1 The Generate Material checkbox has to be selected to update any 2 The Strength Class 30 37 change of parameters should be selected Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 56 The description of the class definition After updating of EC 2 parameters the rest of parameters will change automatically The following pictures show default parameters of concrete class 30 37 See Figure 57 Figure 58 Figure 59 Figure 60 and Figure 61 45 SOLID Concrete EC2 Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry Material Prototype CCSD AN onLinCementitious Base Material Prototype LCSD NM onLinCeme
84. n e Second i monitor Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Command Figure 114 All boundary conditions 88 3 5 Intervals Loading history This section describes the definition of loading history for the analysis of Leonhardt s shear beam The loading history consists of intervals Each interval is divided into load steps Because in this case the structure is loaded by only one type of force defined displacement only one interval will be used Then this interval will be divided in several steps The objective is to keep increasing the load up to failure Very often before an analysis is started it is difficult to estimate the required loading level that would lead to failure The maximal load level however can be often estimated either by simple hand calculation or by performing an initial analysis with a very small load level Then from the resulting stresses t is possible to estimate how much the load must be increased to fail the structure In this example it is known from the experimental results that the beam should fail at the deflection of about 0 003 m There is defined a prescribed displacement of 0 0001 m This means that the predefined displacement should be multiplied approximately 30 times to reach the failure Base on this assumption the Load interval will be multiplied by 40 Naturally this interval
85. n menu with options of predefined materials will appear after the clicking on the arrow In this case the Elastic 3D should be chosen 2 This icon starts the creation of the new material Once this icon is selected the New SOLID Elastic window appears see Figure 66 Exchange Figure 65 Description of the new elastic material creation 51 After the selection of the icon New SOLID Elastic the new window for the definition of the new material name will appear see Figure 66 There the Plates name should be written and then it is necessary to press OK button to complete this command New sOLID Elastic Cancel Figure 66 The window for the definition of the New SOLID Elastic material Parameter input Enter new SOLID Elastic name Plates Then the new material should be selected and then the parameter definition can be changed by clicking on the icon w In the case of the elastic material the default parameters will be left unchanged SOLID Elastic Plates Basic Miscellaneous Element Geometry Maternal Prototype CC3DE last sotropic Young Modulus E 2 0E 5 MPa Poisson s Aatio MU 0 3 Unassign Exchange Figure 67 The default Basic parameters ofthe elastic material 2 SOLID Elastic Basic Miscellaneous Element Geometry kton Rho Density D 0025 Eo m Thermal Expansion Alpha 0 00001 2 Unass gn Exchange Figure 68 The default Miscellaneous parameters of the elast
86. nc com 139 8 LITERATURE ATENA Program Documentation Part 1 ATENA Theory Manual CERVENKA CONSULTING 2009 ATENA Program Documentation Part 8 User s Manual for ATENA GiD Interface CERVENKA CONSULTING 2009 ATENA Program Documentation Part 3 ATENA Examples of Application CERVENKA CONSULTING 2005 ATENA Program Documentation Part 6 ATENA Input File Format CERVENKA CONSULTING 2009 GiD Reference Manual version 9 0 4 International Center For Numerical Methods In Engineering CIMNE 2009 Leonhardt and Walther Schubversuche an einfeldringen Stahlbetonbalken mit und Ohne Schubbewehrung Deutscher Ausschuss fuer Stahlbeton Heft 51 Berlin 1962 Ernst amp Sohn ATENA Program Documentation Part 7 AtenaWin Description CERVENKA CONSULTING 2009 140
87. nd minimum fracture strain 0 0011886 0 0014861 0 0017837 th 0 0020812 vA The 35 step is post processed 0 0023788 0 0026763 step 35 Contour Fill of FRACTURE STRAIN Siii FRACTURE STRAIN Contour Fill COD1 Min 0 Max 0 0005707 Contour Fill Sii FRACTURE_STRAIN Min 0 0026763 Max 1 6129e 006 Command Figure 173 The displayed FRACTURE STRAIN More post processing capabilities can be found in the Help of the GiD or in the GiD manual 5 133 5 2 AtenaWin post processing Results can be post processed also n AtenaWin The L D graph and Crack width which have been explained in the chapter 4 section 4 3 and 4 4 are the few of the many possibilities of post process in AtenaWin For post processing in AtenaWin it is important to know how to open results in AtenaWin First of all the AtenaWin should be started from the Start menu on your computer see Figure 174 GiD AtenaV4 Static Microsoft Update Ceme Jl 2 x M Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 gt Set Program Access and Defaults an Microsoft Windows SDK v6 04 gt lame z ES 0 oO ee ed W windows Catalog m Miranda IM gt Dr 8 e gi windows Update MM Mozilla Firefox gt i i z r i i gt 8 Ip A Accessories a Mozilla Thunderbird f E z m 1 J TH 3 Administrative Tools mu A EE far rs a Lumas FM Adobe PDFCreator gt t ae m T Picasa2 gt g
88. ndeformed model Another option for the better display the crack width can be drawn It is done by the clicking on the Draw Crack Option icon amp see Figure 161 and then by the setting of the crack width and multiplier see Figure 162 This command is completed by selecting of the Apply button see Figure 163 124 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 File Edit View Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help wh e ee heg A a aaa MBH a a BEB FAH a TUE GO AM Qa DHL ED E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor f EX E CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 Sel A LEGEND Convergence criteria 1 4 air 1 0000000 CODI Draw Crack Options 0 00075238 Drawing cracks 0 00065833 O Disabled 000056428 Averaged at element 000047024 000037619 90 7500000 O t element s IPs 000028214 Filter For cracks to be drawn 000018809 94047e 005 k Max crack level 0 E Min crack width 0 0001 0 5000000 x B Y 2 Style z E Width multiplier 5 Mix U x 0 00024 Min U_x 0 00075 Shift outwards Max U_y 998 006 Min U_y 2 7e 005 0 2500000 Max U_z 000073 Apply Mm U_z 00029 Max 13 Mn 0 M Y 0 19 Mn Y 0 M Z 035 Mm Z 003 2 2 Ss 2 Max Val 000075 Ss Ss Mina 0 in in in ai m Ss 6 Time 35 0000 Ai W 4 14
89. neration of the mesh will start and then the list of elements will appear The number of elements can be controlled from that list see Figure 132 The generation of the mesh is finished by selecting button Ok see Figure 133 Enter value window Cancel Figure 131 The enter value window 99 ISSN NKR AA gp DEEAAA Le SK KTR A K AYNATA AVS ANAN SEAN AY III NAS RIT WY IYSSSSSIAY V ASOR C A A NDSBAN ANA NT HY NN IN NIAATAL III RE A TASS SA LON N W W AASR ein y u N N AAAS TAKN Z N VY Y OH DA SOE Stats am Project 3DBe Help 9 ESS SANTAN Mesh Calculate OB DISSRIBAIQHS 336 Utilities mh mk an m sj bai af an mh im EL m p al mk i a i gt Dialog window Mum of Hexahedra elements 160 Hum of Tetrahedra elements Hum of nodes GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface We Files View Geometr Hum of linear elements N A R A 1 Figure 132 The list of the elements ofthe mesh Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms 100 Figure 133 The generated structured mesh For better view of the structured mesh the created model can be rendered It is done by selecting Render n the Mouse menu which appears after clicking on the right mouse button see Figure 134 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Int
90. new window for the definition of the new material name will appear see Figure 54 There the Beam name should be written and then it is necessary to press OK button to complete this command 42 SOLID Concrete Cementitious SHLL Cementitious Reinforced Concrete Microplane M4 SBE 74 Material Safety Format Design l The pull down menu with options of predefined materials will appear after the cl cking on the arrow In this case the Concrete EC2 should be chosen 2 This icon starts the creation of the new material Once this icon is selected the New SOLID Concrete window appear see Figure 54 Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 53 Description of the new material creation New sOLID Concrete Enter new sOLID Concrete name Cancel Figure 54 The window for the definition of the New SOLID Concrete Parameter input Enter new SOLID Concrete name Beam 43 When the new material is created its name will be offered in the pull down menu see Figure 55 This new material should be selected and then the parameters definition can be changed SOLID Concrete Cementitious SHLL Cementitious Reinforced Concrete Microplane M4 SBE 7 4 Material Beam Newly created material named Beam Assign Unassign Exchange Figure 55 The selection of the New SOLID Concrete material 44 The parameters of the new material CONCRETE are predefined according to Eurocode 2 In this example it 1s necessary to have para
91. nformation Results file C Documents and Settings Zdent Plocha T utorial E xample 3D Beam 12 8 2009 structured mesh gid 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh post res not found SE SE IM gt XY pe Figure 166 The importing of the results from AtenaWin into GiD GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project AtenaResults Files View Utilities Do cuts View results Options Window Help os 21GB r vr Sl S 2 bil versions DE LE x ES nia E Aa Ela mea w FASO NN oO Zu g z K 2 volume meshes and 1 surface mesh read from AtenaResults flavia msh 200 Results read new format Command Figure 167 The importing ofthe results from AtenaWin were finished 128 After importing data from AtenaWin the post processing can be started Let s display cracks like in previous chapter 4 4 of FE non linear analysis in AtenaWin First of all 1t should be checked which step will be post processed It 1s done by selecting View Results Default Analysis Step AtenaResults2GiD in the main menu or by the Default Analysis Step icon BE From the L D graph is possible to see that structure failed after 30 step therefore it is good to post process for example 35 step see Figure 168 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project AtenaResults Files wiew Utilities Do cuts NEIN Options Window Help No Results Gil Version 9 No Graphs Contour Fill Smooth Contour Fill Contour Lines Conto
92. ntitious Young Modulus E 32000 MPa Poisson Ratio fAl 0 2 Tension Strength FT 29 MPa Compresion Strength FC 38 MPa Unassign Exchange Figure 57 The default Basic parameters of the concrete class 30 37 SOLID Concrete EL Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry MN Fracture Energy GF 7 25e 005 m Fited Crack 1 Activate Crack Spacing Activate Tension Stiffening DE Bei Assign Unassign Exchange Close Figure 58 The default Tensile parameters of the concrete class 30 37 46 SOLID Concrete eam sis BOOK Ele Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry Plastic Strain EPS CP 0 00119 Onset of Crushing FCO 6 09 MPa Critical Comp Disp iD 0 0005 m Unassign Exchange Figure 59 The default Compressive parameters of the concrete class 30 37 SOLID Concrete EL Basic Tensile Compressive Miscellaneous Element Geometry Excentricity EXC D 0 52 Dir of pl Flow BETA 0 0 lt Rho Density 0 0023 1 0023 Thermal Expansion Alpha D OOO z Assign D Unassign Exchange Figure 60 The default Miscellaneous parameters of the concrete class 30 37 47 SOLID Concrete Beam rs S 48 When the Beam material parameters are defined the material can be ass gned to the geometry It is done by selecting the button Assign in the bottom of the material window After this the several options will appear In this case t
93. on The coordinates of the reinforcement are 0 05 0 05 0 05 and 1 275 0 05 0 05 See Figure 33 2 6S 221 B F1Q amp Glow B Gill version s ANS si EN S VIBHA RHE PS Ki 2 q lt aa A 5 G Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit Pick LEFTMOUSE to rotate ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Command Figure 33 The first reinforcement bar Parameter input Coordinates of the line 1 0 05 0 05 0 05 2 1 275 0 05 0 05 28 Second reinforcement bar will be created by copying of the first bar The copy starts by command Utilities Copy in the main menu The definition of the translation is depicted in the Figure 34 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Then the line required for the translation can be selected in the graphical area see Figure 35 After the selection of line it is necessary to press Finish button to complete the translation see Figure 36 Entities type Lines Transformation Translation hal Pa ram ete r i n p ut First point Entities type Lines Mum w 00 y 00 Transformation Translation a 1 First point x 0 0 Second point Mum 0 0 y 0 0 z 0 0 Second point x 0 0 y 0 09 Z 0 0 Duplicate entities Do extrude No Sl ante Emer Do extrude No Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Figure 34 The parameter definition for the copying of the first bar 29 GiD A
94. oom frame icon enables to have a better view of the created geometry 10 Next step s to connect these points by lines Lines are created using the command Geometry Create Straight line in the Main menu or by clicking on the icon N Then the message window at the bottom will show the sentence Enter points to define line ESC to leave The lines can be defined by entering exact coordinates into a command line or it is possible to directly pick the already existing points In this example the direct picking has been chosen The direct picking can be done by selecting Contextual Join Ctrl a in the Mouse menu The Mouse menu can be found by clicking on the right button of the mouse in the graphical area see Figure 9 Alternatively this option can be activated directly by pressing the key Ctrl and a at the same time GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B bil version s Done Base Zoom Point In Line Rotate Point In Surface Pan Tangent In Line Normal In Surface Arc Center Render Options Label Number Layer Escape ap Redraw Image to clipboard of Quit a 4 0 1521 Entered point 4 Enter point y 0 4567 zi 2 0 Command Figure 9 The Join function in the Mouse menu 11 After selecting the join function the mouse cursor will change to this shape El Then after clicking into a graphical area the nea
95. oorparoo DC Q 4151 phone 61 7 38474048 fax 61 7 339 449 34 e mail trish palmer palmertechgroup com au www palmertechgroup com FINLAND A amp S Virtual Systems Oy Laivalahdenkatu 2b 00880 Helsinky Finland phone 358 207 412 210 fax 358 9 727 6110 e mail juha airola virtualsystems fi www virtualsystems fi GERMANY WOELFEL Beratende Ingenieure GmbH u Co Bereich Technische Programme Max Planck Strasse 15 D 97204 Hoechberg phone 49 931 49708 31 fax 49 931 49708 15 e mail wtp woelfel de www woelfel de 138 INDIA Computer Solutions Shri Sai Kripa 56 Motilal Nehru Road Ground Floor Kolkata 700 029 West Bengal India Mr Amal Kumar Paul phone 91 33 2454 0005 fax 91 33 2475 5420 email info compsolas com www compsolas com JAPAN RESEARCH CENTER of COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS Inc RCCM Togoshi NI Bldg 1 7 1 Togoshi Shinagawa ku Tokyo 142 0041 JAPAN phone 813 3785 3033 fax 813 3785 6066 e mail junko rccm co jp www rccm co jp SOUTH KOREA CNG SOFTEK 302 Cheongsan Bldg 214 6 Poi Dong Gangnam Gu Seoul Korea 135 963 phone 82 2 529 0841 fax 82 2 529 0846 e mail leeih cngst com cngst paran com www cngst com USA Ensoft Inc 3003 West Howard Lane Austin Texas 78728 phone 1 512 244 6464 ext 201 Sales and Order Status ext 208 Technical Support ext 202 Consulting Engineering fax 1 512 244 6067 email ensoft ensoftinc com www ensofti
96. point F Duplicate entities Do extrude Volumes z Create contacts MV Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Selected 1 Surfaces Geometry has 1 new volumes 5 new surfaces 8 new lines 4 new points Leaving x 0 7603 y 0 5588 2 0 Command ji Figure 29 The volume of the top steel plate 25 3 2 2 2 Bottom plate The bottom steel plate w ll be created by copying of the top plate The copy starts by command Utilities Copy in the Main menu The definition of the extrusion is depicted in the Figure 30 After the definition of all parameters the Select button should be pressed Then the volume required for the translation can be selected in the graphical area see Figure 31 After the selection of volume it is necessary to press Finish button to complete the translation see Figure 32 Entities type Volumes r Pa ram ete r i n p ut Transformation Translation z E ntiti es type Vol umes First point Num x 0 0 Transformation Translation First point x 0 0 2 z OO Second point y 0 0 Mum 0 81 w 0 0 Z 0 0 _ Second point x 0 81 Duplicate entities y 0 0 Do extrude Z 0 35 E Do extrude No w Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Lancel Figure 30 The parameter definition 26 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help n ac Version 9 bil
97. portant to select checkbox Generate Material otherwise no parameters will be updated All parameters definition is completed by clicking on the Update Changes icon Z 1D Reinforcement be BOR EL 2 l Bas c Reint Function Miscellaneous Element Geometry Type of reinforcement Reinforcement lt Young s Modulus E 200 GPa Characteristic Yield Strength F xk 560 MPa Class of Reinforcement Epsilon u k 0 025 4 The Update changes icon has to be selected to complete parameter definition Parameter k 11 05 Safety Format Desi isti l afety Forma esign 3 The Characteristic Yield First click update changes button to save material properties Next select Strength should be changed to checkbox below and click update M changes button S generate the S60MPA EC material propemes IW Generate Materia It is important to read all help notes 2 The Class of Reinforcement should be changed to class A 1 The Generate Material checkbox has to be selected to update any change of parameters asian aeg Figure 74 The description of the reinforcement definition 57 In the Basic properties there s a bars definition By the checking the checkbox Calculator the windows for the profile definition will appear The Profile should be 26 mm and number of profiles will stay 1 Then the Update changes icon has to be clicked to recalculate reinforcement area Then it is necessary to click on the Update changes icon
98. r Close 1 Lines divided Can continue Select lines to divide Command Figure 110 The created second monitor point 85 When the geometry for the monitoring point is created the monitor condition can be defined Conditions command can be executed by the Data Conditions in the EE main menu or by the icon The second monitor condition definition is depicted in the Figure 111 The monitor condition is applied on the Conditions point therefore this icon should be selected os Monitor for Point x Ke By the clicking on the arrow the several Output Data DISPLACEMENTS options of conditions will offer The option Monitor for point has to be selected Dire Dirr By the clicking on this button the several w Dira options will appear The option Draw Each Iteration DISPLACEMENT has to be selected Monitor ame Deflection The monitor point will monitor reactions in the 2 direction therefore this checkbox has to be selected The name of the top plate monitor will be Deflection Ds i Assign Entities Draw Unassign By this button the monitor can be assigned to the geometry see Figure 112 Close Figure 111 The second monitor condition definition Parameter input Monitor for point Output Data DISPLACEMENT Dir Z Monitor Name Deflection wi By clicking on the icon FA the created condition can be drawn After clicking on that icon the monitor condition will be displaye
99. r Input gg Entities type Lines Feder Transformation Translation First point x 0 0 00 y 0 0 0 100 z 0 0 Second point x 0 100 y 0 0 Z 0 0 Duplicate entities Do extrude No z Do extrude No W Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Figure 20 The parameter definition of the second line 20 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help B BIBS 21B 519 amp Si B bil Versions This line should be selected en z for the translation Fist point Second point Num gt z 100 Duplicate entities Do extrude No hd Create contacts The button Finish has to be Maintain layers selected to complete translation EEE Multiple copies 1 Finish Press Finish to end selec x 0 7603 y 0 5588 z 0 Enter Lines to Copy Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 21 The selection of the line which should be copied GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 8 BISG2VlBFAlD amp Slo Lil version s The copied line De Entities type Lines v Transformation Translation v First point Num x 0 0 y 0 0 z 0 0 Second point Num x 0 100 y 0 0 e z oo o l Duplicate entities
100. re Let s divide the interval into 50 load Interval End Time sec steps in this case Interval Starting Time ZEC vw Delete BC Data After Calculakon This button should be selected to complete User Solution Parameters interval data definition Then this window can be closed Accept Close Figure 116 The contact conditions Parameter input Interval Multiplier Number of Load Steps 90 3 6 Mesh generation The generation of mesh is the last step n pre processing Because example in this tutorial should be possible to create in demo version it will be define exact number of elements of mesh Because of the functionality in the demo version the mesh will be very coarse The easiest way of the mesh definition is to use automatic generation Program will automatically define the smallest suitable mesh This command can be executed by selecting Mesh Generate mesh see Figure 117 or this option can be activated directly by pressing the key Ctrl and g at the same time Then the program asks for the definition of the size of the generated mesh see Figure 118 The default size of the mesh can be used By the selecting Ok button the mesh will be generated and the list of elements and nodes of the mesh will appear see Figure 119 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam 12 8 2009 Files view Geometry Utilities Data WIESE Calculate ATENA Help Unstructured v 2 A eee 9 Structured Sem
101. rest point will be selected Now all points can be connected by lines into the rectangle see Figure 10 The create line function should be finished by pressing ESC key GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help 3 63 221 BF amp Glove Gil version s Leaving line creation 4 new lines 4 new points Enter points to define line ESC to leave Command Figure 10 The lines connected into a rectangle 12 The GiD distinguishes four types of entities point lines surfaces and volumes In our case there are already two entities points and lines Lines define a rectangular boundary but it is not a surface until a surface is defined Therefore a surface has to be created It is done by selecting Geometry Create NURBS surface By contour in the main menu and then selecting all lines defining the required surface in the graphical area see Figure 11 Clicking on the icon U can also start the Create surface function Next the lines bounding the surface should be selected and then it is necessary to press ESC key to complete the surface definition The newly created surfaces are denoted by a pink colour as seen in the Figure 11 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project UNNAMED Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help OB 21S6 218 Fl amp Vlas Z ph 2 ep The pink rectangle defines a surface Command
102. rials are created and assigned The icon Draw all materials kacan be used to control f all materials are well assigned But before that it s important to display all layers and their content It is simply done by clicking on the grey bulb which should change to ale the yellow colour after the clicking Then the Draw all materials icon J can be used See Figure 80 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam layers Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help E bie Layer To use w bars On Off Color A f F E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close The two pink dots represent the reinforcement bars Drawing 5 entities press escape to leave Command Figure 80 The drawn assigned materials 62 3 4 Boundary conditions In this chapter the boundary condition are described The analyzed beam is supported at the bottom steel plate in the vertical direction There the support condition will be defined Since only a symmetric half of the beam is analyzing it is necessary to enforce the fixed condition along the right side of the beam It means that the horizontal displacements along x axis should be equal zero The beam is loaded at the top steel plate The object of this example is to determine the maximal load carrying capacity of the beam It means that it should be possible to trace structural response also in the post peak regime Th
103. rogress of the load and displacement are monitor by defined monitors By the clicking on the icon of the Monitor set 2 L the window for the graph will appear Monitor set 2 is monitoring after step Monitor set 1 is monitoring after iteration In this case the monitors where set after steps therefore the Monitor set 2 should be selected The graph parameters are not defined yet therefore this window is empty After executing of the graph window of the monitor set 2 the Graph series icon ES become to be active see Figure 148 After clicking on that icon of the Graph series the w ndow for the definition of the graph parameters will appear By the clicking on the button New Series the parameters of the graph can be defined see Figure 149 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis Set 2 Untitled graph File Edit view Windows Input Output Draw Properties Application Help BR QS ew HEB RF a We Le EE D H eee8 HS E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor s x lige i EX lee Monitor set 1 icon Convergence criteria 1 4 Waning MAORA Fin Graph series icon this icon is active after selecting of the Monitor set dows is redrawn fom the cache Emay be not up to time E Set 2 Untitled graph Relative error Graph Windows which appear after o00a6 0 00077 clicking on the Monitor set 2 icon L005 0 pag6s 0 003 13 vi gt ff XXX X XXX XX 0
104. s read 17 materials read Command Figure 4 The command Problem Data After selecting this command the Problem Data window will appear see Figure 5 There the Title and Task Name should be changed to rename files where the results of the analysis will be saved Problem Data Ed k 2 Global Settings Global Options Transport Restart Calculation from Calculated Step Tithe Shear bear TaskName SDB earn Method Newton Faphgon Title could be for example Displacement Error 0 01 Shear beam Residual Error 0 01 Absolute Residual Error 0 01 Energy Error 0 001 Task name could be Iteration Limit 30 3DBeam Optimize Band Width Sloan Stiffness Type Tangent Predictor Assemble Stiffness Mati Each Iteration solver LU W Line Search Method Line Search With Iterations Line Search With Iterations Unbalanced Energy Limit 0 8 Line Search Iteration Limit 3 The button Accept has ou Eta 0 1 to be selected to finish Maximum Eta 1 the definition After that Conditional Break Criteria the window can be closed Accept Close Figure 5 The Problem Data definition Parameter input Title Shear beam TaskName 3DBeam 3 2 Geometrical model This chapter describes definition of the geometrical model Because the beam is symmetric only half of the beam will be created in this example The geometrical model of this half beam see Figure 6 1s composed of three 3D regions and reinforcement In Gi
105. should disappear in the graphical area after deactivating of the LayerO see Figure 40 It should be possible to see only the beam and it assures that the beam geometry was successfully sent to the beam layer gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry 1821 1 The LayerO should be selected N N Y Layer beam is ON Layer to use beam Command Figure 40 The steel plates and reinforcement geometry will disappear after deactivating of the Layer0 33 3 2 4 2 Bars layer The next step s to create a bars layer This layer w ll be created with the same procedure like in previous beam layer First the beam layer should be hidden and Layer0 should be displayed It is done by selecting the beam layer and pressing button Off and Layer0 is displayed by selecting this layer in the list and then by pressing button On Afterwards the beam geometry will disappear and the reinforcement and steel plates will appear in the graphical area see Figure 41 gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry SSVIGBElS amp Sex Layer To use v Layer On Off Color a f F mg Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To r Close Layer Layer is OFF Layer LayerO is ON H Command Figure 41 The Layer0 is activated and reinforcement and steel plates will appear in the graphical area The reinforcement layer is created by writ
106. t lines to define structured mesh Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 125 The selection of the length lines After the selection the ESC key should be pressed to return to the definition of number of cells Then the 5 cell should be defined and assigned to the height of the beam see Figure 126 Then the selection can be done by selecting the button Assign The procedure is same like in selection of the length number definition see Figure 127 Enter value window Enter another number of cells to assign to lines Figure 126 The number of cells for height of the beam Parameter input Enter number of cells to assign to lines 96 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam intervals Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help Select lines to define structured mesh Added 1 new lines to the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command Figure 127 The selection of the height lines 97 Next step is to structured width of the beam The 2 cells should be defined to these lines Procedure is same like in previous two examples But when the first line will be selected program will automatically select only other two lines The last line of the width is divided into two parts Therefore it is not selected by program and another number of cells has to be assign to these two lines GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interf
107. tatic 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files View Deiner Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help O lt View geometry lt Q on L pilates x Z el he 9 Create gt b Move point S gt 7 Bi Delete e 3 ti Lines operations Polylines Near point We Swap are Surfaces gt Parameter bas ec A Folyline Volumes gt Relative Lenath v plates c amp SurfMesh Length Edit NURBS Convert to NURBS Simplify NURBS Hole NURBS surface Collapse LayerTouse v plates eee On Off Color Intersection A Surface boolean op A g E r Je Volume boolean op New Delete Rename f alphabetic To back v Send To v Close Layer beam is OFF Leaving function No changes Command Figure 94 The dividing of the line Enter value window Figure 95 The enter value window Parameter input Enter number of divisions For the selection of the line which should be divided the button OK has to be pressed After the selection see Figure 96 of the line the ESC key has to be pressed to complete this command see Figure 97 74 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help GiD version s i O LEN T E beam gg bars 5 B v plates 5 GB Layer Touse vy plates On off ant Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close Select lines to divide Added 1 new lines to
108. tenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help OB B SGNV1BAID amp Se Second point Num gt z 00 I Duplicate entities Do extrude No v 1 Create contacts IV Maintain layers i Multiple copie 1 Finish Press Finish to end selec The button Finish has to be selected to complete translation Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit if present mouse wheel zooms Pick LEFTMOUSE to desplace view ESC to quit Command Figure 35 The selection of the first reinforcement bar which should be copied GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry netry Utilities Data Mesh I 8 BISGLVIBAlYD amp Sim GiD version s late ATENA Help Entities type Lines z Transformation Translation z First point z 00 Second point Num x 0 y 0 o z 0 T Duplicate entities Do extrude No z Create contacts V Maintain layers Multiple copies 1 Select Cancel Selected 1 Lines Geometry has 1 new lines 2 new points Leaving Command Figure 36 The first and second reinforcement bar 30 3 2 4 Layers Layers are useful feature of GiD The individual components of the created geometry can be separated into different layers In each layer and its components can be shown
109. the clicking on the arrow the several options of conditions will be offered The option Constraint for Surface has to be selected The X Constraint has to be selected to obtain symmetry condition By this button this condition can be assigned to the geometry see Figure 103 Assign Entities Draw Unagsign Close Figure 102 The symmetry condition definition Parameter input Constraint for Surface Coordinate System GLOBAL X Constraint a By clicking on the icon amp the created condition can be drawn After clicking on that icon the symmetry condition will be displayed on the surface see Figure 104 79 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors SEE Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help gear pn Se B 2 Gill Versions Conditions ci Name YO FU Tr B m v plates 65 B 1 The selection of the surface for the symmetry condition Layer To use v plates On Off Color a f E E Sel New I Delete Rename T alphabetic Finish ess Finish to end selection hassiar an To back Send Tor Close 2 The button Finish has to be selected to complete symmetry he condition definition Enter Surfaces with new values Added 1 new surfaces to the selection Enter more surfaces ESC to leave Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors iN ec Gi Version 9 ja a ar
110. the command Mesh Generate mesh in the main menu or by pressing the key Ctrl and g at the same time If the new mesh is generated the analysis can be started again It is done by using the command Calculate Calculate or by the clicking on the icon EJ After selecting this command the program will start to generate the input files for each step of the non linear analysis and then the AtenaWin window will appear and analysis will be in progress see Figure 147 111 4 2 AtenaWin interface description AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mesh msg File Edit view Window s Output Application Help IIET EEE INTEL II TEE ses eer RA NS El Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor SEE El Geometry EX LEGEND Convergence criteria 1 4 4 0000000 aay Window F Window E Im Relative error x Y z MMax U_x 6 1e 005 Min U_x 6 8e 005 ax U_y 22e 006 Min U y _ 3 7e 006 Max Uz 000011 Mm U_z 00002 W 3DBea GEE in 7 v lt m 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mes Sele W 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mes Sele BR 3DBeam 12 8 2009 structured mes FE ER i yertl A EN e e e jf a Window A S tiuo Window B F Window C 4 if a rs a a a EEE ff x sure d ff x X X X sa chunks per row 4 06738 4 06736 FF x
111. the program developer or distributor It is possible to create and analyse the example problem described in this tutorial in demo version of ATENA GiD Because of that a rather coarse finite element mesh is used The step by step demonstration is performed on an example of simply supported beam which is loaded by two loads as it is shown in Figure The problem is symmetric around its vertical axis therefore only one symmetric half of the beam will be analyzed It is recommended to print out this version n order to easily follow the instructions In case of printing it is advisable to use both sided and colour printing P P EINER Be steel plates Top plates Concrete B 35 Reinforcement bars 2x diameter 26 As 1060 mm2 a ER ern Supporting steel plates Bottom plates j 0 300 0 810 0 330 0 810 0 300 2 550 0 165 0 100 0 115 0 030 wo z 0 050 m 0 250 0 050 O90 0 050 0 925 1 275 0 190 Figure 1 Geometry of the structure The steps necessary for the data preparation non linear analysis and post processing are depicted on subsequent figures which show the computer screen for each step and the corresponding user action There is always also a short description for each figure It should be noted that not all features of ATENA GiD system are described in this manual For more details about the data preparation and post processing the user is
112. the selection Enter more lines ESC to leave Command GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors SEF 1 Lines divided Can continue Select lines to divide GiD version s bars v plates Layer To use v plates Off Color a f E E Sel New Delete Rename alphabetic To back Send To v Close The middle point on which the displacement condition will be applied Command Figure 97 The divided line 75 The geometry for the displacement condition is already created Any boundary conditions are assigned to the geometry and then depends on the geometry in which layer is located Therefore it 1s not necessary to control which layer is activated C Conditions command can be executed by the icon or by Data Conditions in the main menu The displacement condition definition is depicted in the Figure 98 Conditions R Displacement for Point USE decimal point DO NOT use commal l The displacement condition is applied on the point therefore this icon should be selected By the clicking on the arrow the several options of conditions will offer The option Displacement 0 0 Displacement for Point has to be Y Displacement 0 0 selected Displacement 0 0001 The displacement is in vertical direction Therefore Z Displacement 0 0001 m should be defined By this button the displacement can be assigned to the geometry see F
113. tic 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry gt metr TENA Hell B BI SG B1B Fl D amp Shas Gill versions 1 After pressing Send to button the pull down menu will appear Delete Rename alphabetic Toback Send To v Close Also lower entities Points f Lines 2 The option Also lower entities has to be active ve Dimensions a 3 Then the Volumes should be selected y Leaving assign entities to layers No new figures Leaving change layers Command Figure 45 The definition of Send to command for the plates layer GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam geometry SEE Files View Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help BI SGC 218 Fl amp Sire Gill version The button Finish has to be selected to complete Send to command Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Added 1 new volumes to the selection Enter more volumes ESC to leave Command Figure 46 The selection of the volumes which should be sent to the plates layer 37 After deactivating of the display of the plates layer the volumes of the steel plates should disappear Deactivation is done by selecting the plates layer in the list of layers and then pressing the button Off see Figure 44 The LayerO which is now active is empty It does not contain any geometry and therefore this layer can be deleted It 1s done by selecting this Layer and by
114. ur Ranges Show Min Max Display Vectors Iso Surfaces oJ Fe wh Bi Stream Lines Graphs Result Surface La Deformation rT nur ur ET EEE Line Diagram N 2 a 7 9 So X 200 Results read new format Selected new analysis and step Command Figure 168 The selection of the step which should be post processed 129 By the clicking on the Contour fill icon or by the selecting the command from main menu View results Contour Fill CRACK WIDTH COD1 crack width can be displayed like in previous chapter see Figure 169 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project AtenaResults Files wiew Utilities Do cuts WIEN Options Window Help No Results 2 ek le No Graphs Default Analysis Step gt DISPLACEMENTS gt COD2 STRAIN d COD3 STRESS gt ICRACK WIDTHI Smooth Contour Fill Contour Lines Contour Ranges Show Min Max Display Vectors Iso Surfaces BS Oe Ill m i Stream Lines Graphs Result Surface Xt Deformation EEE EEE FE Line Diagram N y J J COD1 0 0005707 0 00050729 0 00044388 0 00038047 0 00031706 0 00025364 0 00019023 The message window shows maximum ae and minimum crack width Contour Fill of CRACK WIDTH COD1 Selected new analysis and step Contour Fill COD1 Min 0 Max 0 000570 Command Figure 169 The display of the crack width In the command for example Countour Fill the pull down menu offers options wh
115. v m Ba TB noun tout tot ot ot non a p4 ba o00000000 file statistics SkyLin s m gt i E aax W 3DBea Assembling Stiffness Internal Forces Elem 84 Time 34 0000 27 OYR Figure 157 The crack width display and the rotation of the model 121 Also for better view the model can be displayed undeformed It s done by the clicking on the Draw properties icon and then by the setting of the Draw undeformed checkbox see Figure 158 This command is completed by selecting of the Apply button see Figure 159 and Figure 160 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 File Edit view Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help SH Pee oe amp Desde ET AAR AY TSR em OLM Arig HLH E E Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor Sele E CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 E mlx LEGEND Ze Convergence criteria 1 4 CRACK_WIDTH Waning 9 009900 vdows is redrawn from the cache Emay be not up to time coDl Draw properties 0 00071589 Model shape Common attributes 000062641 000053692 lt Draw deformed O Wie O Redraw after z 000044743 Draw undeformed wire C Draw mode ee Data _Defaul_ v Stretch to fit window Yes 0 00026846 Draw legend Yes 0 00017897 8 94868 005 Scale Light DYes 2 2 Type Absolute O Relative Hidden
116. view Due to the missing shear reinforcement the beam fails by a diagonal shear crack which is very difficult to capture using smeared crack approach This example demonstrates the powerful simulation capabilities of ATENA GiD for modelling the brittle failure of concrete structures Even with a coarse mesh which was used in this demonstration example the diagonal shear crack was successfully captured Further improvement of the results can be achieved by decreasing the finite element size to for instance 8 elements over the beam height 4 elements over the beam width and 25 elements over the beam length The objective of this tutorial 1s to provide the user with basic understanding of the program behaviour and usage For more information the user should consult the user s manual 2 or contact the program distributor or developer Our team is ready to answer your questions and help you to resolve your problems The theoretical derivations and formulations that are used in the program are described in the theory manual 1 The experienced users can also find useful information in the manual for the analysis module only 4 137 7 PROGRAM DISTRIBUTORS AND DEVELOPERS Program developer Cervenka Consulting Ltd Na Hrebenkach 55 150 00 Prague 5 Czech Republic phone 420 220 610 018 fax 420 220 612 227 www cervenka cz email cervenka cervenka cz Program distributors AUSTRALIA Palmer Technologies Pty Ltd PO Box 1513 C
117. which direction the surface should be divided There are U and V direction and in the graphical area it is possible to see green axis representing U and V direction In this case USense should be chosen Once the USense button is chosen the program asks for the number of the divisions Bottom surface should be divided into two parts see Figure 84 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors VE SG 218 F519 amp Sr B GiD version s The plate layer has to be active The x activation is sign by this Ed sign yt _ af Dialog window N yo Choose NURBS Sena IN i VSense Cancel 7 LS DIOT USense has to gt New b es el ecte d i Delete Rename alphabetic Once this button is selected the Enter value window will appear see green lines represent axis Figure 84 of the U and V direction To back v Send To v Close Select surface to divide Choose NURBS sense Command Figure 83 The dividing of the surface 66 Enter value window Cancel Figure 84 The enter value window Parameter input Enter number of divisions 2 The button OK should be pressed on the enter value window After that the surfaces 1s divided see Figure 85 GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors Files view Geometry Utilities Data Mesh Calculate ATENA Help bil Version Version 9 Layer Touse v plates On Off Color im A Hn BO se New Delete Rename alpha
118. wn After clicking on that icon the monitor condition will be displayed on the point see Figure 107 gt GiD AtenaV4 Static 2D and 3D Interface Project 3DBeam monitors 18218 P A Pan E A San Monitor for Point Ouput Data Displacement condition I Dix I Diy M Diz Draw Each Iteration a MonitorN ame Monitor Color rp HE PN OA Al New Delete Rename alphabetic f Assign Entities Toback Send To v Close amp 9 z A 3 I i al S Display of the monitor condition Assigned 1 new Points to condition Monitor_for_Point press escape to leave Command Figure 107 The first monitor condition 3 4 4 2 Second monitor The second monitor point should be located at the middle of the beam near ts bottom surface where the largest vertical displacement can be expected First the geometry of the point has to be created It will be done by the division of the down right edge of the beam Before starting it is better to display only the beam layer and zoom in the down right edge of the beam The procession of the division will be same like in previous section The division command can be executed by the icon fa or from the main menu by Geometry Edit Divide Lines Num Division see Figure 108 After the executing of this command the enter value window will appear There should be written number of divisions The line should be divided in two divisions see Figure 109
119. y 34e 005 Max U_z 000081 Mim U_z 00028 M K 13 Mm 0 M Y 0 19 Min Y 0 m Z 035 Mine 003 Max Val 000072 Min wa 0 Time 34 0000 V 4 14 2793 License 4001 gt AR F 3DBeam out l EEE EI 3DBeam msg SEE BCs stati stii ics be efore a afte er eli iminati ion 1 0 0022 0 041 0 0A f 288 288 E 1 J nd master dofs 615 23 1 0 0023 0 045 O C nt es BCs 0 24 1 0 0023 0 048 O C Superfluous contradictory BCs 0 1 1 0 uperfluous contradictory BCs 0O 25 1 0 0028 0 045 O C ired 76316 76316 1 i 0 or pure data only 12864 12864 26 I 0 0032 0 046 O C data chunks per row 4 14236 4 14236 27 1 0 0034 0 036 O C ks dimension 1 34786 1 34786 1 1 oO 28 1 0 0028 0 034 O C 1 1 u ease cor file statistics SkyLin 29 1 0 0026 0 037 aMi an 4 n Ane mn maat nr Jul Figure 156 The crack width display in the geometry window 120 For better view the model can be rotated It is done by the clicking on the Model transformation icon and then by the setting of the degree of the rotation in the each axis direction see Figure 157 AtenaWin M CCStructures Static analysis CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 File Edit view Window s Input Output Draw Properties Application Help sa eae8 i oe B 535536 JUN 4 YB BARA DSR SR OAM aa VRrLRE KE EW Set 1 ConvergenceMonitor SEE EI CRACK_WIDTH at location NODES for item COD1 E mlx Convergence criteria 1 4 LEGEND

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