Hindi Style Guide - Center
Contents
1. st SI paN ANS CompanyName UA TA ATT StreetName ANA APT Area Sca A M CityName State ANGA Country fa 123 456 PIN Code Local Postal Code Format XXX XXX e Notes Postal codes consist of 6 digits with no separators or a space after 3 digits e MiddleName is very often abbreviated and sometimes omitted e Generally postal codes or PIN codes as they are known locally are not needed for addresses in major cities However it is better to include them for addresses in small towns or villages Currency For each country region covered by this language provide the following repeating the entire set for each variation in format 12 Country region Currency Name Currency Symbol Currency Symbol Position Positive Currency Format Negative Sign Symbol Negative Currency Format Decimal Symbol Number of Digits after Decimal Digit Grouping Symbol Number of Digits in Digit Grouping Positive Currency Example Negative Currency Example ISO Currency Code Currency Subunit Name Currency Subunit Symbol Currency Subunit Example Digit Groups z The symbol is always used before figure and a space is used lt 1 1 For negative values the ordinary hyphen accessible on the keyboard is placed before the currency symbol no spaces as a minus sign 1 1 Period 3 Comma 3 lt 123 456 789 00 Y 123 456 789 00 INR 356 Paise dem p 100 P The following are the nor2. HUIR female teachers Singular and Plural of Nouns in the Oblique Case Masculine Ending in a Singular ASP Plural S Masculine Ending in other vowel very few Singular 3T Plural Test for ATER man 3tTa feta Masculine Ending in a consonant Singular ead Plural eredi Feminine Ending in i Singluar ASI Plural astray Feminine Ending in a consonant Singular feral Plural Parsi Feminine Ending in a or u Singular HEMAT Plural STATA SATA 21 Prepositions Pay attention to the correct use of the preposition in translations Influenced by the English language many translators omit them or change the word order Hindi prepositions link nouns pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition Hindi like other Indian languages uses postpositions instead of prepositions Postpositions are like prepositions except that they are written afterthe noun US Expression Hindi Expression Pronouns Pronouns in Hindi are called data There are five main types of pronouns in Hindi 1 Personal Pronouns known as WT adem HAAA 2 Demonstrative Pronoun known as A UY dTi Faery 3 Indefinite Pronoun known as HR UY ara Wd 4 Relative Pronoun known as GIU Tian Wd 5 Interrogative Pronoun known as WaT dTda Hd MA Known Issue It s a common error to use 317 ATTS Gd gA SAN FISA al etc lt should be always A
3. deverbative noun or On the Table menu Insert A noun or deverbative noun noun phrase Select Sort Formula A noun or deverbative noun On the File menu Close Exit The word classes of the US term and the localized term do not have to coincide i e please do consider the possibility of translating a verb as a noun or vice versa if that improves the result Adjectives are used relatively rarely and adverbs only in exceptional cases Nouns and deverbative nouns should normally be in singular or plural nominative verbs in informal 2nd person singular imperative mood Verb in menu items followed by an ellipsis or right arrowhead should also be translated as informal 2nd person singular imperative mood Menu titles should always contain only one word since a two word menu title would be undistinguishable from two single word ones In Hindi the word order should normally reflect the order of user actions even if it doesn t in English Click Save in the File menu FIFA IU Hol Tara a Teoh PI Ise ATA eat The preferred action to be performed with menu titles and menu items is get select even if the original ignores a similar recommendation given for English Click Save in the File menu Wise ATA 092 Tera HL Select Save from the File menu miga AT UX esl del Messages Status Messages What is a Status Bar Message A status bar message is an informational message about the active document or a selected command as well as
4. grouped together based on the way they are pronounced The first 11 letters are all vowels Then follows the velar the palatal the retroflex the dental and the labial consonants This division indicates place where the consonants are formed Country region India Lower case characters n a Upper case characters n a Characters in caseless scripts Hindi is written in a Devanagari script Hindi is normally spoken using a combination of 52 sounds 10 vowels 40 consonants nasalisation and a kind of aspiration These sounds are represented in the Devanagari script by 52 Note on alphabetical order symbols for 10 vowels 2 modifiers and 40 consonants Language speakers also need to learn to recognize a character that traditionally represented a vowel but does not any longer and four common conjunct consonants which is actually a total of 57 symbols to remember to begin with Unicode codes Hindi Unicode range is 0901 0970 n a n a Date Country region mda Calendar Era Gregorian Calendar AD First Day of the Week aan Monday Country region Separator Default Short Date DD MM YY Format 17 03 11 Default Long Date Format dd MM YYYY 17 03 2011 Additional Short Date d Month YYYY Format 1 17 AT 2011 Additional Short Date Format 2 Additional Long Date Format 1 Leading Zero in Day Field for Short Date Format Leading Zero in Month Field for Short Date Format No of digits for century f
5. y p and q can be used as hotkeys Extended characters can be used as n a n a hotkeys An additional letter appearing between brackets after item name can be used as hotkeys A number appearing between brackets after item name can be used as hotkey A punctuation sign appearing n a n a between brackets after item name can be used as hotkey Duplicate hotkeys are allowed when n a n a no other character is available No hotkey is assigned when no more n a n a characters are available minor options only Additional notes n a Arrow Keys The arrow keys move input focus among the controls within a group Pressing the right arrow key moves input focus to the next control in tab order whereas pressing the left arrow moves input focus to the previous control Home End Up and Down also have their expected behavior within a group Users can t navigate out of a control group using arrow keys Numeric Keypad It is recommended that you avoid distinguishing numeric keypad keys from the other keys unless it is required by a given application In case which keys to be pressed is not obvious provide necessary explanations 36 Shortcut Keys Shortcut keys are keystrokes or combinations of keystrokes used to perform defined functions in a software application Shortcut keys replace menu commands and they are sometimes given next to the command they represent In opposition to the access keys which can be used only wh
6. BS SIT Ter E Saving file Word Order The word order in Hindi is SOV Subject Object and Verb Example Windows is unable to open this file Windows 34 aa 34 FIST cbr Aleta FIAT E Style and Tone Considerations This section focuses on higher level considerations for audience style tone and voice Audience The English forms often do not distinguish between various uses of verbs command function name description of an ongoing process etc Find out what is really meant with the string and translate accordingly For commands instructions suggestions etc always use the personal imperative form not impersonal forms infinitives or deverbal nouns Tone Use formal 2nd person to address the user Normally the pronoun 3777 itself will not be needed but its relevant possessive form should be used If you don t want to TQ 318 2 T6 rar Ted E Use the formal 2nd person to address the system without using the pronoun itself Use continuous verbs refer to system status ongoing processes etc MISA HRS AMIR 25 In questions to the user about actions of the system start the question with F77 Save the file The same solution to start the question with a7 should be used when a question is phrased as a command to the user When an option is phrased as a command to the user it should be used formal 2nd person imperative mood QUESTION FIT AAT PA View the file no
7. Terqer ge Haat Aa dg ST ALS AT FAT AT TET AT SH Wesel TAS SIT Ter UT ANT Tha AT org HA fat I Stet Hr ATM A Ala http www bbc co uk hindi news 2011 03 110319 japan survivor sz shtml 19 Are 2011 ATA 8 Sat Gan far Tan Recommended Reference Material Normative References Microsoft normative sources must be adhered to Any deviation from them automatically fails a string in most cases When more than one solution is allowed in these sources look for the recommended one in other parts of the Style Guide For example adhere to Microsoft terminology available on Language Portal http www microsoft com Language en US Default aspx Informative References There are no official rule books for Hindi grammar but following are the dictionaries and grammar books are recommended 1 www shabdkosh com A good online dictionary 2 dar as d dm ara 3ITzIIsT AORTA Ted Hg A technical dictionary by Govt of India available at Commission for Scientific amp Technical Terminology 3 http www websters online dictionary org Hindi An online Hindi gt English Dictionary 4 ARA HIFI YA AR TART HATAI ATA FASTA CART ARNO ST farre RETA AY Yeh eT fer qum For Hindi Grammar Language Specific Conventions This part of the style guide contains information about standards specific to Hindi Country Region Standards Characters Hindi is written in the Devanagari script Like other Indian languages the letters in the Devanagari script are
8. about any active or selected interface item Messages are shown in the status bar at the bottom of the window when the user has chosen a menu a command or any other item or has started a function The status bar messages refer to actions being performed or already complete for example in Outlook below 31 Download Full Items Download Headers and then Full Items v Download Headers v On Slow Connections Only Download Headers Work Offline 398 Items Updating Inbox 257 KB Connected to Microsoft Exchange Hindi Style in Status bar Messages In English the status bar messages have different forms dependent on the information they must convey In Hindi menu and commands status bar messages should follow the format below In Hindi menu status bar messages and commands status bar messages differ as shown in the tables When the message is a direct instruction the imperative mode is used formal for addressing the user and informal for the system Periods are used at the end of sentences in status bar messages if they are full sentences Gatcaor English Status Bar Hindi Status Bar de o rere Aer Edt met men Contains Contains editing commands commands Wurst 3MART AE Copy to mest A ufdferfa Copies the selected items to ag aaia AMECA PI aT Folder a new location EAT ux Ufafaf sera Word is converting the Word Far FY GUARRA document Press Esc to i des amp folu Esc AAA HS The importance of
9. in Hindi Numbers Hindi Number System follows a simple pattern of repeating itself after every ten numbers known as Decimal system Phone Numbers Country International Number of Separator Number of Digit Groupings region Dialing Code Digits Area Digits Domestic Codes Domestic 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 OAH 0 13 14 15 16 0 IHHHHBHHE OHHH HHH i OHHH HHHHHHH O HEHHHHHHE 0 HEHHHH 91 0 THEHHBHHE 91 OTHEHE THEHHHHBHHB OHHH HHH OFT HHH OF HEHEHE Country Number of Digit Number of Digit Number of Digit Groupings region Digits Groupings Digits Groupings Digits International Local Local Mobile Mobile International India 4 5 6 7 8 HHH 10 OTHEHHHHHEE 11 12 13 91 0 fftH 91 THHHHE 91 14 17 OHE THHHHEHHE 91 HHH OHHHHHHHHH OHE THHHHHHHE 91 HHE HEHH calling OHHH HEH THHE 91 THHHE HHHH from OHHH THHHHHHE 91 abroad OHHH HHH 91 Notes n a 11 Addresses Country region India Disclaimer Please note that the information in this entry should under no circumstances be used in examples as fictitious information Address Format 1 NOOR OD Titel Honorific FirstName LastName CompanyName StreetName AreaName CityName State Country PostalCode Example Address Local Example Example Guide ATT Title 31fe HT FirstName SecondName
10. then Y the abbreviation in Hindi If the temperature is below zero then the minus sign is displayed before the temperature However if the temperature is equal or above zero the plus sign is optional and is rarely used e g 273 C 0 C 25 C Information units Units of information are often abbreviated Always use the following Accessibility Localizers should use such a language that is simple yet serious easily understood yet not cheap Thats a tall order while translating but then translating is a serious art A software is used by all the segments of the society It should be easily understood by all It does not mean that most of the words should be transliterated If we focus enough there are always simple word to translate anything The best example is as we all know the song that nobody can say whether it was originally written in English or Hindi Example We Shall overcome some day O Deep in my heart do believe Translation A AAA Ua feet AA E fadam qur faearat Acronyms Acronyms are words made up of the initial letters of major parts of a compound term Some well known examples are WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get OLE Object Linking and Embedding or RAM Random Access Memory Acronyms are generally not localized in Hindi 28 Applications Products and Features Application product names are often trademarked or may be trademarked in the future and are therefore rarely tran
11. Hindi e Analogy Is there an equivalent Hindi term whose article could be used None for Hindi e Frequency Is the term used in other technical documentation If so what article is used most often The internet may be a helpful reference here None for Hindi Please always consult Microsoft terminology for example available via Language Portal http www microsoft com Language en US Default aspx to confirm the use of a new loan word and its proper article to avoid inconsistencies 18 Capitalization This section doesn t apply to Hindi Compounds This section doesn t apply to Hindi Gender All nouns in Hindi are divided into one of two grammatical types called genders These genders are masculine q ead and feminine EST Tel T Nouns often modify other words in the sentence according to their gender AI male living beings are masculine All female living beings are feminine In the case of names of inanimate things and abstract collective and material nouns gender is determined mainly by usage Masculine gender qfeerar Feminine gender EN fefe ASI boy af 3 a 3 e S S D g sU 2 o o o lt is 5 5d gt o y o lt 2 D o Oo 2 o o D 5 E o D 19 ACUTI male teacher 3reumfaenr female teacher Genitive In Hindi genitives are indicated with kaa ke kii as morpho word Choice of kaa ke kii depends on the gender number and case ending of the head noun Table 1 explains a
12. Hindi Style Guide Contents UO ue Q S ma dilo il tibia 4 New Topics aa cm 4 Updated Tegan ee fisse ani peli oa 4 INTO UCI tune Meta dpe est lalla lia laine kaa akun kasu Me 5 About This Style Guide i aan Ania ini 5 Scope of This DOcUMEnNt rea Ett erect e ete dr Rl o d ue b ert cde v Fota toa 5 Style GUIDE CONVENTIONS ssi REDE 5 Sample Textual ce tale liane eth Monten ieee delia 6 Recommended Reference Material neee 6 Normative Referentes orsin oer fe ei 6 Informative References r a iu RET E KEEA a E RE E EA TENY 6 Language Specific Conventions i 7 Country Region Standards iii 7 rcc 7 Bcc ida ER 7 TIYI A aaa 9 MEI 11 sniper ET 15 Geopolitical Concerris Wi eto e tte du eet od 17 Grammar Syntax amp Orthographic Conventions essent nnns 17 AQdISG IV6Su u Tupa natasha apayapunku oeste led etae E notae atu t tbe redu ce onde putus ass 17 ATUC GS inei OI e ng 18 Capitalization u u b artt OR dg qua eic E Re ee Te AES 19 GompoUunds sa m u eee ia 19 o ep aaa DERI 19 TTU teh etal a Cat etm tat e a tel e teet 20 MOdITIers esiti ROOM Be ttt MES 20 NOUNS M 20 PIO POSIWIONS mm 22 Mit 22 PUNCIUALION C 22 Si
13. OO Zurich Zviedrija 16 zysk zzlj zzlz zznj zznz Geopolitical Concerns Part of the cultural adaptation of the US product to a specific market is the resolving of geopolitical issues While the US product should have been designed and developed with neutrality and a global audience in mind the localized product should respond to the particular situation that applies within the target country region Sensitive issues or issues that might potentially be offensive to the users in the target country region may occur in any of the following e Maps e Flags e Country region city and language names e Art and graphics e Cultural content such as encyclopedia content and other text where historical or political references may occur Some of these issues are relatively easy to verify and resolve the objective should be for the localizer to always have the most current information available Maps and other graphic representations of countries regions and regions should be checked for accuracy and existing political restrictions Country region city and language names change on a regular basis and need to be checked even if previously approved A thorough understanding of the culture of the target market is required for checking the appropriateness of cultural content clip art and other visual representations of religious symbols body and hand gestures Grammar Syntax amp Orthographic Conventions This section includes inf
14. OO aa FleCbse Cris men FlleSave Ons ed FleSaveas 2 Fi2 massa ma He Print Preview Crise RCA Fiepim omP enea Feed O AR 2 Edit Undo Ctrl Z Edit Repeat Ctrl Y Edit Cut Ctrl X MEE Edit Copy Ctrl C Edit Paste Ctrl V 5 Edit Delete Ctrl Backspace Edit Select All Ctrl A ak Edit Find Ctrl F A 38 US Command Edit Replace Edit Go To Help Italic Ctrl l Bold Ctrl G Underlined Word underline Paragraph Format Document Translation Considerations Document localization may require some specific considerations that are different from software localization This section covers a few of these areas While translating a document the flow of the text and simple clear language is necessary Many times the words used are archaic and cannot be understood by common users Sometimes a sentence is literally translated using the format of English text Instead Hindi sentence should be written as Hindi is written and should not be based on English You are about to exit the setup wizard 319 AAT fo Y set AAA a TT HCH fasts ANIA Tex Taid ard If you think should guess will Ole STITH ATA fao AS TE AT UST cr ema A dar Gr Heat 39 Example Translation f AMAT AAA fe A VAT He dl A AM PIT amp fa A Can eset In English the titles for chapters usually begin with How to or with phrases such as Working with or Using In the Hindi version
15. TI HIT EH Het and al Het Please keep this in mind Punctuation Comma In Hindi the sign of comma is the same as in English Colon In Hindi the sign of colon is the same as in English 22 Dashes and Hyphens Hyphen The hyphen is used to divide words between syllables to link parts of a compound word and to connect the parts of an inverted or imperative verb form In Hindi also the sign of hyphen is the same as that in English Example 3TeI3T 3TeT3T Ellipses Suspension Points This section doesn t apply to Hindi Period The end of a sentence is indicated in Hindi by a vertical line All the other punctuation marks are used in Hindi just as they are in English Quotation Marks Quotation marks are used when you want to emphasize something In US source strings you may find software references surrounded by English quotation marks Same for Hindi Parentheses In English there is no space between the parentheses and the text inside them Same for Hindi Example 5 Atar 8 fener Singular amp Plural Plural and Singular have a very important role in Hindi therefore they need very special attention Example Ye d Singular TEA Plural tal Singular sed Plural Wer Singular arar Plural 23 Split Infinitive This section doesn t apply to Hindi Subjunctive This section doesn t apply to Hindi Symbols amp Non Breaking Spaces This section doesn t apply to Hindi Syntax Hindi uses a
16. alking to the user We should use passive voice instead for making such sentence Cannot save the document 33 Standard Phrases in Error Messages When translating standard phrases standardize Note that sometimes the US uses different forms to express the same thing Same here for Hindi whatever the form the US is using we should use passive voice in the error message as that is the proper Hindi way of instructing and informing The computer talking in the first person just does not get with the flow Examples s TC omen Cannot fana sel SIT CA I Could not PETRI Failed to Failure of Cannot find Could not find Unable to find Unable to locate Not enough memory Insufficient memory There is not enough memory There is not enough memory available is not available is unavailable Error Messages Containing Placeholders When localizing error messages containing placeholders try to find out what will replace the placeholder This is necessary for the sentence to be grammatically correct when the placeholder is replaced with a word or phrase Note that the letters used in placeholders convey a specific meaning see examples below 96d ld u and lu means number c means letter s means string 34 Examples of error messages containing placeholders Checking Web 1 d of 2 d means Checking Web lt number gt of lt number gt INI file 1 200
17. different word order than English The main differences are that verbs are placed at the end of the sentence like in German and that Hindi like other Indian languages uses postpositions instead of prepositions Postpositions are like prepositions except that they are written afterthe noun Declarative sentences English Subject Verb Preposition Object gt go to the M Hindi Subject Object Postposition Verb gt shop to go gt A Garret STTAT El Imperative sentences English Verb Negative Verb Adverb gt Do not eat quickly Hindi Adverb Negative Verb gt Quickly not eat gt Sled Steal Ad Git Interrogative sentences English Adverb Aux Verb Subject Verb gt What are you drawing Hindi Subject Adverb Verb gt You what draw gt qA FUT s DI T al Verbs Hindi verbs are inflected with respect to gender of the subject masculine feminine number of the subject singular plural tense present past future action perfect imperfect continuous degree of respect intimate familiar respect Verbs are referred to in their infinitive noun form which ends in na But in the US where Edit Save Delete etc words are used the verb is used as first person i e TIT Hx Hest Sev 24 Example Continuous operations are usually expressed in English with a gerund which should be translated into Hindi in passive voice A translation of searching image as lt amp fd Get tet gt looks odd It should be f
18. en available on the screen shortcut keys can be used even when they are not accessible on the screen There are no Hindi specific shortcut keys English shortcut keys are used Standard Shortcut Keys Command Shortcut Key Command Shortcut key General Windows Shortcut keys Display pop up menu Shift F10 TELA WT 3T AT Activate Deactivate F10 AT IN Ps Fata ent menu bar mode Switch to the next Alt Tab HTS MAA ATTA UT smi primary application n a n a n a Display next window ve Display pop up menu Alt Spacebar T n a for the window Display pop up menu T n a for the active child window STATE qua b FAL FUT Ta n a Rar n a within modeless T compliant application a 37 Capture active window Alt Prnt Scrn aia fast ofa ar Fferqsls ux n image to the Clipboard POI ht Switch to next window Alt F6 US US English Hindi Hindi Command Shortcut Key Command Shortcut key Capture desktop Prnt Scrn Stare Bia et agas ux Hera n a c Access Start button in taskbar image to the Clipboard Ctrl F6 amargos fast ux feum Ctrl Tab ATAN tes da TT Launch Task Manager Ctrl Shift Esc T wstre q Arca ARCA and system SANTANA INA HL initialization n Display next child n window Display next tabbed n pane a a a a I File New Ctrl N File Open Ctrl O File Close Ctrl F4 File Save Ctrl S File Save as F12 File Print Preview Ctrl F2 File Print Ctrl P File Exit Alt F4 eN BN men FieOpn
19. ms for the digit groups Country region India Decimal Separator Period Decimal Separator Description It is a period Decimal Separator Example 12 23 Thousand Separator Thousand Separator Description Comma Thousand Separator Example 34 456 O 62 879 Notes n a 13 Measurement Units Metric System Commonly Used Yes Temperature Celsius Ce Tr Tren Mein DENM SN NN erac Bee ae E Millimeter fareitadrex hm je 1719339 D Md CA miter pe EN MeN e Notes When miles and pounds are used in the English document add the conversion to km and kg respectively in parentheses a For example 5 miles becomes 9 Fe fa 14 Percentages Percentage is indicated by the following sign Example cara A q 28 El Sorting In the Index section the following sorting order is applied 1 Non alphabetical characters i e symbols like amp 2 Digits 0 9 3 alphabetical characters Character A n a sorting order o 1 HAY PHA Eis Aaron andere andere chaque chemin Examples of cote sorted words cot c te c t cuc t Czech chaque chemin hi a irdisch l vi lie lire 15 llama lug L wen l za L beck lu luck lye M nner m sta m r m chten myndig pint pylon pi a s mtlich S ran savoir Serb ra Sietla Slub subtle symbol verkehrt vox waffle wood yen yuan yucca Zal zena Zen va Z
20. nd illustrates the usage of kaa ke kii for different variations of head noun TABLE 1 Usage of STET in genetive case Gender of head noun Number of head noun Case ending of head noun 1 4 1 Example s Masculine Don t care Present ash d Sms J Ash d iez d Feminine Don t care Don t care Modifiers This section doesn t apply to Hindi Nouns General considerations Please follow normative rules related to nouns 1 cafe aras Hell Proper Noun e g Rei M TAROT asta RATA dTor Tget 2 To arash HT Common Noun e g AR peacock TFAF book AAT lady TAP boy TAFT girl 3 HTA aras Wall Abstract Noun e g FAT childhood FI truth Haza beauty THAT politeness Wan are Hall Collective Noun e g Aa armed forces HT assembly zielt group al aras Fall Material Noun e g Get gold ater iron Weil water gv 20 Inflection This section doesn t apply to Hindi Plural Formation Singular and Plural of Nouns in the Direct Case Masculine Ending in a Singular AST boy Plural eme boys Masculine Ending in other vowel very few Singular To teacher Plural To teacher Masculine Ending in a consonant Singular aled friend Plural alud friends Feminine Ending in i Singluar ash girl Plural astray girls Feminine Ending in a consonant Singular TTS book Plural PAT books Feminine Ending in a or u Singular HEMAT female teacher Plural
21. ng lar ePlural cs ien nter tette mur dadas e pet 23 Split InfitiltiVe e te eet pietas 24 Svo lip 24 Symbols amp Non Breaking Spaces i 24 SEHE 24 NOS Sun a s A a kusa sau u asan R 24 Word Onder mamn at ii AA 25 Style and Tone Considerations iii 25 ese EE MICE 25 O UNE 26 MiTo se 26 Eocalization Guidelines viii emet E ee ene Pot rec t Eb drea Poet id PER ds 27 General Considerations T 27 Abbreviations eee edt ete e ett ee etse e edet ti 27 favere ur EE 28 nius A Oe a Gevalia Gee dls 28 Applications Products and Features sees eee eee 29 Frequent Errors onis tem ate atu euius bte the e emit Ratte 29 A tic tet ea nb irr ve Hist b tr eite ee sese iaia 29 Fictitious Tais Tannie A d a pde acli 29 Recurring Patterns u aaa ala a alii 29 Staridardized Translations passo sia lara afidi a OA i ad 30 Unlocalized Items ie e Lai a i aequa 30 Using the Word MIGFOSOIL ei ed ce rette etate m ete ce ated ed 30 Software Considerations I L L In n SSS a 30 User taa e sus edat ns 30 Te A 31 CU cC C 35 Document Translation Considerations n a 39 Titles 25 5 15 2 iii aiar 40 COp Wight ava A iaia Aia old 40 What s New Last Updated March 2011 New Topics This version of the Hindi Style Guide has gone through a major restructure The topics included we
22. of Microsoft documentation titles should generally be created using a noun instead of in verb format Managing account Gd FI Watley UT PI Waleed FIAT Titles How to delete the information HAAN HY Ha sere SAHNI Hi geret er aa Copyright Copyright protection is granted to any original work of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression from which it can be perceived reproduced or communicated 40
23. or Short Day Format Fiel reading Zoro in Day Field It is used but not necessary for Long Date Format Leading Zero in Month Field for Long Date It is used but not necessary Format Number of digits for Additional Long Date afa Format 2 Country region m century for Long Day Format Date Format for DD Month YYYY Correspondence 17 AT 2011 n a d is for day number of d s indicates the format d digits without leading zero dd digits with leading zero ddd the abbreviated day name dddd full day name Abbreviations in Format Mis for month number of M s gives number of digits M digits without leading Codes zero MM digits with leading zero MMM the abbreviated name MMMM full name y is for year number of y s gives number of digits yy two digits yyyy four digits 24 hour format Yes Standard time format 03 24 12 example Time separator Colon Hours leading zero yes n a Days Country region India First Day of Week NAAT Is first letter capitalized n a Notes There is no capitalization in Hindi Months Country region India Abbreviated Form Long Date Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form Same as Full Form 10 Is first letter capitalized n a Notes There is no capitalization
24. ormation on how to apply the general rules of the Hindi language to Microsoft products and documentation Adjectives There are four types of adjectives in Hindi IT ara Quality AeA ara Numeral YRATOT aras Quantity FA aras Demonstrative 17 Possessive adjectives The frequent use of possessives is a feature of English language In Hindi too possessive adjectives are frequently used Examples are AT mine Fen your IAAT Your respectfull 3 T amp T their 3HPT his eanr our Articles General considerations There are no articles in Hindi language Equally important is there is no need to translate every A or AN used in English into Hindi Create a document Unlocalized Feature Names Microsoft product names and non translated feature names are used without definite or indefinite articles in the English language Microsoft product names and non translated feature names are used as it is in Hindi No article is added Localized Feature Names Hindi does not have a definite article and indefinite articles are not used with product names in Hindi Example 3 draie q Windows HAZ EUA El Articles for English Borrowed Terms When faced with an English loan word previously used in Microsoft products consider the following options e Motivation Does the English word have any formally motivated features that would allow a straightforward integration into the noun class system of Hindi language None for
25. pproved glossaries Consistent use of Microsoft approved terminology in all localized products is one of the major factors in achieving the required quality for localized products Abbreviations Common Abbreviations You might need to abbreviate some words in the Ul mainly on buttons or names of options due to lack of space This can be done in the following ways In Hindi there are no standardized abbreviations for words so try to use the shortest available version of the word Also in the menus try to use the imperative to avoid longer words List of common abbreviations Commonly measuring units are abbreviated such as feat for KM and feat for KG meter tali kilometer centimeter gram kilogram DN ruam Liter Some units of the International System of Units usually these ones which are abbreviated as single capital letter should be written in Latin e g W watt V volt J joule Hz hertz kHz kilohertz other are written either in Latin or Hindi e g kg as fa zrr cm as 4 A etc 27 Temperature is always measured using Celsius scale All other temperature scales e g Fahrenheit must be recalculated into Celsius in the localized products The standard way to display temperature is x C x is the temperature then goes the degree sign and then the capital Latin letter C even in Hindi Although in Hindi it may also be written as x x is the temperature then goes the degree sign and
26. re reordered in an effort to standardize and streamlined the Style Guides for all languages Updated Topics The overall Style Guide content was fully updated in February 2011 as part of major Style Guide update project performed for all languages Introduction This Style Guide went through major revision in February 2011 in order to remove outdated and unnecessary content About This Style Guide The purpose of this Style Guide is to provide everybody involved in the localization of Hindi Microsoft products with Microsoft specific linguistic guidelines and standard conventions that differ from or are more prescriptive than those found in language reference materials These conventions have been adopted after considering context based on various needs but above all they are easy to follow and applicable for all types of software to be localized The Style Guide covers the areas of formatting and grammatical conventions It also presents the reader with a general idea of the reasoning behind the conventions The present Style Guide is a revision of our previous Style Guide version with the intention of making it more standardized more structured and easier to use as a reference The guidelines and conventions presented in this Style Guide are intended to help you localize Microsoft products and materials We welcome your feedback questions and concerns regarding the Style Guide You can send us your feedback via the Microsoft Language Po
27. rtal feedback page Scope of This Document This Style Guide is intended for the localization professional working on Microsoft products It is not intended to be a comprehensive coverage of all localization practices but to highlight areas where Microsoft has preference or deviates from standard practices for Hindi localization Style Guide Conventions In this document a plus sign before a translation example means that this is the recommended correct translation A minus sign is used for incorrect translation examples In Microsoft localization context the word term is used in a slightly untraditional sense meaning the same as e g a segment in Trados The distinguishing feature of a term here is that it is translated as one unit it may be a traditional term as used in terminology a phrase a sentence or a paragraph References to interface elements really only refer to translatable texts associated with those interface elements Example translations in this document are only intended to illustrate the point in question They are not a source of approved terminology Sample Text HHT gt 316 fect Se dd fon eufaa ATT HT A denir H amo feet ae RAM ct vs sha cated Ra E AAA USA FAS HATS ANA ATA FI TE Tas CaS St Td Vs ATA HT GUL ARA S a FATA ITA SHAT Blea TZSIT TAS SIT Tel iat dg Hat 06 ZI HS Stet At UT TET 34 gear amp AN AE UR Trier A A SNA AT Wan cata Ve T cient A SATAN Wott UH PI TAT HST FIA A
28. s section means INI file lt string gt section Same applies for Hindi also A translator should first try to find out what exactly is the placeholder because that will decide whether the sentence should use feminine form or masculine or singular form or plural The entire sentence may become wrong if this is not done Keys The keyboard is the primary input device used for text input in Microsoft Windows For accessibility and efficiency most actions can be performed using the keyboard as well While working with Microsoft software you use keys key combinations and key sequences In English References to key names like arrow keys function keys and numeric keys appear in normal text not in small caps All keys used in Hindi are in their English format There are no Hindi names given to the function keys or any other keys Access Keys Hot keys Ctrl N Access keys Open Ctrl O Shortcut keys Save Ctrl S Save As Page Setup Print Exit Sometimes there are underlined or highlighted letters in menu options commands or dialog boxes These letters refer to access keys also known as hot keys that allow you to run commands perform tasks etc more quickly 35 There are no Hindi specific Access Keys English Keys apply Hot Key Special Options Usage Is It Allowed Slim characters such as I I t r f n a n a can be used as hot key Characters with downstrokes such n a n a as g j
29. slated Occasionally feature names are trademarked too e g IntelliSense Before translating any application product or feature name please verify that it is in fact translatable and not protected in any way There are no specific rules for Hindi regarding trade marking of the applications product and features Frequent Errors There are many common errors that are found in software localization in Hindi They include using for computer Using verb form when creating titles such as Ise Hl ANA FAT instead of HA HI FTA Please note though that opening a document will still be translated as TT TAAT Please see below some examples of frequent translation errors Display unavailable Sticking out your tongue usually in fun MA RAT AAA Holt A M SNA PI Rua GAA ATA A Here without considering the actual meaning intended of the sentence the sentence has been translated with dictionary in hand Glossaries Microsoft glossaries are to be used for localization Fictitious Information Fictitious content is legally sensitive material and as such cannot be handled as a pure terminology or localization issue Recurring Patterns This section doesn t apply to Hindi 29 Standardized Translations There are a number of standardized translations mentioned in all sections of this Style Guide In order to find them more easily the most relevant topics and sections are compiled here for you reference Grammar Syn
30. standardization In the US product you can often find messages that are phrased differently even though they have the same meaning Try to avoid this in the localized lt Hindi gt version Use one standard translation as in the examples below English term Correct Hindi translation Press F1 to get Help Aaa feu F1 at If you want Help press F1 32 To get Help press F1 Not enough memory 3rqurea AAN Insufficient memory There is not enough memory Save changes to 961 qada e 961 A ua Do you want to save changes to 961 Error Messages What Is An Error Message Here is an example File and Folder Rename e Can t rename Pictures because a file or folder with that name already exists Specify a different name Error messages are messages sent by the system or a program informing the user that there is an error that must be corrected in order for the program to keep running For example the messages can prompt the user to take an action or inform the user of an error that requires rebooting the computer Hindi Style in Error Messages It is important to use consistent terminology and language style in the localized error messages and not just translate as they appear in the US product The common error is using First Person Singular Number in Hindi for Error messages As the concept of computer telling the user does not gel with the tone of the language we cannot use the error message as if the computer is t
31. tax amp Orthographic Conventions Verbs Word Order Style and Tone Considerations Unlocalized Items Trademarked names and the name Microsoft Corporation shouldn t be localized A list of Microsoft trademarks is available for your reference at the following location http www microsoft com trademarks t mark names htm There are no words in Hindi that are written the same way as in English There are words though that should be transliterated in Hindi as they are commonly used by general public Using the Word Microsoft In English it is prohibited to use MS as an abbreviation for Microsoft The word Microsoft is to be left in English for the purpose of software localization Example Microsoft Sahl aiia l ar Software Considerations This section refers to all menus menu items commands buttons check boxes etc which should be consistently translated in the localized product Refer to http msdn microsoft com library aa511258 aspx for a detailed explanation of the Windows user interface guidelines English User Interface Menu titles and menu items should be consistently translated in all localized products the same US term should have identical translation in all localized applications When possible try to use the following combinations of word classes in menus 30 On the Format menu Font A d bati oun or OI Change Case Styles and A noun or deverbative noun noun phrase Formatting A noun
32. w OPTION HA PISA AA The first person may be used for personalized creatures like the Office Assistant JI is the only form that can be used for you in written in Hindi rsi You are now connected to the Internet HA ATI RAT A Helse Style The style of writing should be simple and straight There should be no confusion in the text Hindi language should be written as it is written rather than translating literally from the dictionary and on the basis of English sentences It has been seen that there is an effort to copy the English style of making sentence Uf ATI HSA Bela dl MAT ANT ST ASS ET SAT Oe 317 Wise Sela 3IT ANT Ser GW dall If you delete the file you will loose all data Voice Avoid the impersonal as much as possible Only in cases where the passive is used intentionally in English i e the agent is not known or is not relevant the term may be translated as impersonal in Hindi The message has been sent Bear As eA T 26 Localization Guidelines This section contains guidelines for localization into Hindi General Considerations The following sections will provide a set of guidelines for handling different elements while localizing Ul and user assistance content Please make sure to always use current terminology and phrases for the product being localized by looking for the translations in the most recent version of the Microsoft terminology databases and other a
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