MSP-TRF6903-DEMO - Texas Instruments
Contents
1. TMS Multiply Watchdog Timer B7 Timer A3 Basic LCD MAC MACS Comparator 160 TDI 8x8 Bit Segments 8x16 Bit 15 16 Bit 1 2 3 4 MUX TDO TDI 16x8 Bit 16x16 Bit 4 4 Demo Board Schematics For 6903 demo board schematics refer to the document SWRR001 This document can be downloaded from the http www ti com ISMRF website PCB Hardware Overview 4 3 Top and Bottom Silk Screen and Drawing 4 5 Top and Bottom Silk Screen and Drawing Figure 4 3 and Figure 4 4 show the top side and bottom side circuit board silkscreen Figure 4 3 Top Side Silk Screen 100012PWA 01 rev GRE TRF6903 amp MSP4310F437 DEMO BD WWW TLCOM ISMRF PL DEMO EVAL JTAG 4 4 2003 CNOWIRE C25 1 RI2 S 02 C24 g 15 R64 R66 R65 XT TXDATA 05 8 TPA RSSI w oo Y CRN x YEL 1 11 1 seas L JL Sw3 SW2 Parts List 4 6 Parts List 0 5 pF B Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 0 25 pF 0 5 pF 2 2 pF 06035A2R2CAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 0 25 pF C10 11 14 2 2 pF 22 pF 06035A220FAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 1 C8 18 22 pF 24 pF D 06035A240FAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 1 LERNEN 24 pF Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 1 100 pF C3 54 63 Capacitor 0603 50 V 5 75p2. 5 4 5 5 Wireless Subroutines 5 5 5 5 1 program TRF6908 word 5 5 5 5 2 receive RF unsigned char unsigned int 5 6 5 5 3 send RF unsigned int unsigned 5 6 5 6 External Control Software for RF Evaluation Mode 5 7 5 7 Operation of the Evaluation Kit in the European ISM Band 5 10 Figures 2 1 Top Side Back Side of the Demonstration Board 2 2 3 1 JTAG Connector 3 2 4 1 TRF6903 Block Diagram se cedo t erac Q ade Por aes 4 2 4 2 Block Diagram of the 5 4 30 4 4 3 4 3 5106 511 56 Nera 4 4 4 4 Bottom Side Silk Screen 4 4 4 5 JPI Pin Out 4 7 5 1 Game Application Flow 5 2 5 2 Communication Protocol ae dei be ces yu 5 3 5 3 6 Byte Transmission Data Packet 5 4 5 4 4 Byte ACK Packet
3. 4 3 4 5 and Bottom Silk Screen and Drawing 4 4 46 Pans 16 tow flake an See oe 4 5 4 7 Alternate Hardware Configurations 4 7 4 7 14 European ISM Frequency Band 4 7 4 7 2 External Antenna 4 7 4 7 9 RS 232C Pom usu uka Ls PARI Ra q as 4 8 4 7 4 On Board LDO Voltage Regulator 4 8 4 7 5 High Frequency Crystal 4 8 4 7 6 SAW Pulte i os Ya acne Wie oo nto a ee hua eel uda es 4 8 47 7 Disabling the MSP430 4 8 4 7 8 Game and RF Operational Modes Jumper 2 4 9 Software OVeIview 2e tees E 5 1 5 1 Software Description 5 2 5 2 tesi ues 5 2 b 3 Wireless Protocol 2 23 ete Le tie eet nd Re rt UR UR e nc eR ete 5 3 5 3 1 Packet Start and Word Sync Bits 5 3 5 3 2 Wireless Data 5 3 5 3 9 Checksum Byte sisari iisang an ar Dont Ut La dE bike 5 4 5 4 TRF6908 Registers
4. wA usaq dd i EE 5 4 5 5 TRF6903 Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation Transmit Mode 5 8 5 6 TRF6903 Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation Receive Mode 5 9 Tables 2 1 4 Bit DIP Switch SW1 Settings and Transmit Frequencies 2 4 4 1 Antenna Suppliers 22 y sd 4 8 5 1 TRF6903 Game Application Register 5 4 vi Chapter 1 TRF6903 Demonstration and Evaluation Kit Overview This chapter provides an overview of the TRF6903 demonstration and development kit Topic Page 1 1 Description susan mas mamas sassa sma 1 2 1 208 Gontents mnn n saa 1 2 1 3 Equipment Requirement SEIS EE 1 2 Description 1 1 Description 1 2 Contents The MSP TRF6903 DEMO kit is used to demonstrate a bidirectional radio frequency RF data link without the need of an external computer and for prototyping by downloading new software code to the MSP430F449 through the JTAG connector The schematics and layout of the board can be used as a reference design if desired limited by the software system parameters of the demonstration firmware The TRF6903 demonstration and development kit contains Two TRF6903 demonstration boards User s manual Software is not included in the kit Software and hardware documentation related to t
5. Corp TP White 105 01 09 Test Point white 0 037 TTH Corp TRF6903PT Texas TRF6903PG2 0 IC RF XCVR 315 930 MHZ FQFP48 U1 Instruments 1 MSP430F449 Texas MSP430F449IPZ IC MicroP MixSig 16 Bit RISC 32kb U6 Flash FQFP100 Instruments TPS76330DBV Texas TPS76330DBVT IC PS LDO Regulator 3 V at U3 150 mA SOT32 5 Instruments 1 MAX3232 SOIC Texas MAX3232CD IC RS232 Driver 2 Driver U4 16 2 Receiver SOIC16 Instruments 4 6 Alternate Hardware Configurations Fay ve ws Tees NC7SZ04P5X Fairchild NC7SZ04P5X IC INV Single Gate SO70 5 10 7 MHz CDSCB10M7GA119 RO CER Discriminator SMT 10 7 MHz 19 6608 MHz CRYSTEK 017119 XTAL SMT 19 6608 MHz LCC 5X7 Corp 32 768 kHz 628 SPT1A 0368 XTAL SMT 32 768 kHz CM202 4 7 Alternate Hardware Configurations The MSP TRF6903 DEMO kit is preconfigured to function under the following assumptions North American ISM frequency band 902 928 MHz NRZ non return to zero coding 38 4K bps 1 FSK frequency shift keying 1 On board PCB antenna The kit can be reconfigured to a limited extent These options are covered in this section 4 7 1 European ISM Frequency Band The European 868 MHz to 870 MHz ISM band is not covered in the preconfigured system but it can be modified by changing software variables download new software configurations through the JTAG connector No hardware changes are needed
6. 6903 5 4 5 5 E Wireless Subroutines e 5 5 5 6 External Control Software for RF Evaluation Mode 5 7 5 7 Operation of the Evaluation Kit in the European ISM Band 5 10 5 1 Software Description 5 1 Software Description The demonstration software implements a simple two way game application utilizing a half duplex bidirectional wireless link Each board comes with identical software The software was developed using IAR s Embedded Workbench version 1 26a www iar com The software files are Lj trf6903 prj Project file trfe903 main c Main body of the program written C language All subroutines are called from this program 1 trf6903 s43 Assembly subroutine to configure the TRF6903 registers Lj radio03 s43 Assembly subroutines that execute wireless transmission and reception commands If a newer version of the IAR compiler Version 2 21B is used for development the old project file prj needs to be converted to a workspace project file ewp The conversion is one way not reversible See the guide to run demo software on newer version 2 12B of IAR compilers SLWA029 pdf for more detailed information 5 2 Flowchart Figure 5 1 Game Application Flow Chart After power up initialization the controller is configured as a state machine to run the link demonstration Figure 5 1 illustrates the state machine flowchart Buttons and timer fu
7. TRF6903 DEMO comes with source code installed on the MSP430 to run the demo program The user can develop new application software that can be downloaded to the MSP430 MCU through the JTAG connector Since the Compiled C code size is greater than 4kB only unrestricted versions of the IAR development environment not the Kickstart version must be used for downloading and modifying the code The workspace for compiling the demo source code is TRF6903Demo US eww developed with IAR compiler version 3 20a The following steps show how to open the project file and program the MSP430 Step 1 Insert the two AAA batteries and slide the on off switch to ON Step 2 Start the Workbench START gt PROGRAMS sIAR SYSTEMS gt IAR EMBEDDED WORKBENCH Step 3 Use FILE gt OPEN WORKSPACE to open the workspace file at Installation root TRF6903Demo US eww Step 4 Use PROJECT BUILD ALL to compile and link the source code You can view the source code by double clicking Common Sources and then double clicking on the source files in the workspace window Step 5 Ensure that the C SPY Debugger is properly configured for the parallel port used Choose gt 5 gt DEBUGGER and select LPT1 default or LPT2 or LPT3 for the parallel port configuration Step 6 Use PROJECT gt DEBUG to start C SPY C SPY erases the device Flash and downloads the application object file Step 7 In C SPY use DEBUG
8. gt GO to start the application Step 8 In C SPY use DEBUG gt STOP DEBUGGING to exit C SPY Step 9 In Workbench use FILE EXIT to exit Workbench The MSP430 is now programmed with the game demonstration code and ready to operate Prototyping 3 3 3 4 Chapter 4 PCB Hardware Overview This chapter provides the default PCB hardware documentation in detail and provides alternate configurations that the user may want to implement Topic Page 4 1 Hardware Overview 2 4 2 42 SURE6903 RE Block Diagramme 2 4222 4 2 4 3 MSP430F449 Block Diagram 4 3 4 4 Demo Board Schematics 2 7 4 3 4 5 and Bottom Silkscreen and Drawings 4 4 15 4 5 47 Alternate Hardware Configurations 47 4 1 Hardware Overview 4 1 Hardware Overview The TRF6903 ISM band transceiver IC operates from 315 MHz to 950 MHz It has low power consumption and an operating voltage of 2 2 V to 3 6 V It features an integer N PLL synthesizer and supports FSK and OOK operation Other features include on chip clock recovery brownout detector and XTAL frequency trimming in software The TRF6903 demonstration and development kit MSP TRF69083 DEMO provides a stand alone demonstration of a bidirectional link using the MSP430F449 and the TRF6903 RF transceiver 4 2 TRF6903 RF Block Diagram Figure
9. mode to game demo or evaluation The RF control software has a graphical user interface GUI for the user to set the transceiver state for mode transmit receive frequency power etc In RF mode the external software GUI controls the TRF6903 by passing control register words through the computer COM1 serial port RS232 driver MAX3232 and finally through the MSP430 microcontroller to the transceiver Figure 5 5 shows the graphical user interface that communicates with the circuit board through the COM1 RS232 serial port The user must click on the adjacent COM1 button if its caption reads Com Closed in order to open the serial port The RF evaluation GUI is written in Borland Builder version 6 and integrates utilities from Winsoft Ltd to write to the serial port ComPort In RF evaluation mode the serial port COM1 is used to control the TRF6903 An example GUI setup for transmit mode is shown in Figure 5 5 Several boxes and pick lists have to be filled out by the user before clicking the Send All button to configure the RF transceiver Some of the boxes will toggle state when the cursor is placed over the box contents and double clicked Mode Enable The crystal frequency should be set to 19 6608 MHz Set the reference divider to 48 enter the value and click the Set button The crystal tune capacitance should be set to an intermediate value like 17 20 or 22 pF The charge pump current is 0 5 mA In the Mode Ena
10. ms in duration Shorter lengths may be used for more time critical applications 5 3 1 Packet Start and Word Sync Bits The packet start bit and the word sync bit are used by the receive routine to adjust microprocessor timing for sampling the incoming data stream The packet start bit occurs once at the beginning of the data packet to indicate the end of the preamble and the start of data The sync bit is used to resynchronize the bit stream and the data sampling timer Over time the receive timing could shift in phase relative to transmit timing due to the small variation in component tolerances and performance This shows up as an error in sampled data The problem gets worse as the packet size increases Resynchronization minimizes this drift over time Although resynchronization can be done at byte boundaries word boundary resynchronization is slightly more efficient The data clock recovery feature can also be used to synchronize data 5 3 2 Wireless Data Stream The wireless data stream for the game application is implemented as follows User initiates an RF transmission on Board A by pushing four buttons any sequence User sequence is sent to Board B using the transmission data packet described in Figure 5 3 embedded in the communication protocol described in Figure 5 2 The transmission packet includes a header four bytes with the button IDs and a checksum Software Overview 5 3 Wireless Protocol Boa
11. 3 5 100 R21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 45 46 13 10 Resistor 0603 5 10 kQ R13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 33 57 64 65 66 Cee essc ssa mw eser oo cma 1 1 7 2 SAMTEC _ TSW 107 07 T D CONN HDR P 14 7X2X0 1 TTH J2 1 Header SAMTEC TMM 107 01 T D SM CONN HDR P 14 7x2x2 mm SMT 7x2x2mm 1 MOLEX 22 28 4030 CONN P 3 3X1X0 1 TTH CONN DB 9 745781 4 CONN DB9 SW6 SW7 SMA EDGE Johnson 142 0701 801 CONN Coax SMA Edge SMT 801 Au Plate 0 062 thick PCB Components 4x SPST CTS 219 4MST SW Slide 4 x SPST 20V at 100 mA SMT Sealed PB SPST NO OMRON B3W 4050 B or S SW PB SPST NO 50 mA 24V TTH SW2 3 4 5 EG1218 E Switch EG1218 SW Slide SPDT PCB 30V at 0 2a swe 1 1 1 1 AS179 92 SKYWORKS 5179 92 RF switch 1P2T 0 1 3GHz SC 70 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1320 Capacitor SW 12 mm sq fits Capacitor B3W 4050 orange 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1330 Capacitor SW 12 mm sq fits Capacitor B3W 4050 yellow 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1350 Capacitor SW 12 mm sq fits Capacitor B3W 4050 green 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1380 Capacitor SW 12 mm sq fits Capacitor B3W 4050 red 1 2468 Mem BC2AAAPC Battery holder 2 X AAA PCB mount BAT1 ProtectionDev 1 TP Red Components TP 105 01 02 Test Point red 0 037 TTH TP2 Corp 3 Green omponents 105 01 05 Test Point green 0 037 TTH
12. 4 1 shows the block diagram of the TRF6903 ISM transceiver IC Figure 4 1 TRF6903 Block Diagram LNA IN1 10 7 MHz Ceramic Ceramic or Discrete IF Fllter 7 Discriminator 23 N gt lt gt 47 44 43 YE Mixer A LNA IN2 RFIN ia Band gap Brownout detector DET OUT 4 2 Quadrature dy eo vve o a z 3 n 2 a 35 37 36 LPF amplifier LEARN HOLD TENE SLC_CAP Data slicer demodulator Bit synchronizer 23 RX DATA and OOK data clock DCLK switch 41 gt RSSI OUT 2 gt RX_FLAG 1 cock PEE DATA DE LEEN STROBE STDBY 12 _ MODE Serial interface Lock detect 9 lt TX DATA VCO TUNE 113 15 CP OUT 30 31 v a zi 3 x o A Loop Filter 7 MSP430F449 Block Diagram 4 3 MSP430F449 Block Diagram Figure 4 2 shows the block diagram of the MSP430F449 microcontroller IC Figure 4 2 Block Diagram of the MSP430F44x XIN XOUT TCLK DVcc DVss AVcc AVss RST NMI P5 P6 P3 P4 P1 P2 Ll Oscillator 32 kB Flash 12 Bit ADC Port 5 6 Port 3 4 VO Port 1 2 USARTO 16 105 16 Os With EAD Interrupt UART or 60 kB Flash 10 us Conv SPI Capability Function XT2IN 48 kB Flash 8 Channels XT2OUT
13. 5 3856 0101 907 7236 897 024 0110 909 362 898 6624 0111 910 1812 899 4816 1000 911 8196 901 12 1001 912 6388 901 9392 1010 913 458 902 7584 1011 914 2772 903 5776 1100 915 506 904 8064 1101 916 3252 905 6256 1110 917 554 906 8544 1111 918 3732 907 6736 2 2 2 Power Up Slide the power switch to ON All the LEDs should blink to indicate power up condition After the power up initialization both units go into receive mode to monitor for any transmit activity The RSSI indicator LED is lighted to indicate the signal strength in the frequency channel of operation Red indicates the lowest signal strength and green indicates the highest 2 2 3 Wireless Demonstration Either board can initiate wireless communication Here we assume that Board A transmits the first four button transmitted sequence and Board B receives the first transmission 2 4 Use Board A to start the wireless demonstration by pressing the four colored buttons in any sequence with about 1 2 second between successive buttons Once the four buttons are pushed Board A initiates the transmission and waits for a reply Once the transmission is received by Board B the LEDs are turned on in the same sequence as the buttons were pushed at the transmitter side Immediately after the last LED is displayed the user responds by pushing the buttons in the exact sequence that the LEDs were lighted on Board B If the response sequence matches the green LED on
14. Board A lights up If there are errors due to poor or lost transmission the red LED lights up The orange LED lights if the user presses an incorrect sequence of buttons in response This concludes the basic demonstration of the two way RF communication On completion both boards go back to receive mode to listen for a new button sequence 2 2 4 RSSI Indicator The boards are equipped with a receive signal strength indicator RSSI that will illustrate the signal strength on the receiver Four levels are used to indicate signal strength Red is the lowest and means no signal was received while green indicates the highest level of signal strength The RSSI will show transmission activity when the other board is transmitting a data stream on the same DIP switch configuration or when there is another external RF source broadcasting at that channel frequency For best results the two boards should be in the same plane of orientation with the bend in the long antenna arm pointed towards each other 2 2 5 Error Conditions Cycle the system power to reinitialize the hardware if you get error conditions that persist Error conditions are defined as lost communication mismatch in response sequences or response time outs In some cases antenna orientation signal multipath or another interfering signal can increase errors Demonstrating a Wireless Link 2 5 2 6 3 Prototyping This chapter explains how to operate the M
15. F C20 Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 5 82 5 7 1 1000 pF AVX 06035A102JAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 5 C39 1000 pF 5600 pF 06035A562JAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 50 V 5 C13 22 5600 pF 0 1 uF 0603YC104KAT2A Capacitor CER 0603 16 V 10 C19 23 30 31 0 1 uF 33 34 37 40 41 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 55 a 57 58 59 ae a TAJA105K016R Capacitor TANT 3216 16 V 10 1 uF C26 27 28 29 22 uF CAL CHIP GMC32Z5U226Z16NT Capacitor CER 1210 16 V 20 80 C32 42 47 60 22 uF 5 RED KingBrite W934 IT Diode LED T1 red 12 5 MCD at D1 8 10 11 12 20 mA 2 GRN KingBrite W934 GT Diode LED T1 green 12 5 MCD at D5 6 20 mA 2 YEL KingBrite W934 YT Diode LED T1 yellow 12 5 MCD at D2 4 20 mA KingBrite W934 Diode LED T1 orange 12 5 MCD at 20 mA MBRM120LT MBRM120LT1 or 3 Diode Schottky 20 PIV 1A DO 216AA D9 13 E Central SEMI CMPT2222A XSTR NPN Gen Purp 75 hfe Q1 2 3 40 Vceo 600 mA SOT23 10 7 MHz Murata SFECS10M7FA00 RO Filter BP SMT 10 7000 MHz CEN 280 kHz BW 8 2 nH Murata LQW1608A8N2D00 IND SMD 0603 0 5 nH 650 mA 8 2 nH 9 1 nH 4 7 uH LQG21N4R7K10 IND SMD 0805 Hi Q 30 mA 4 7 uH EN 00 CJ10 000 T Resistor 0603 5 0 Q s FL2 JP1 L6 R6 29 41 42 56 60 100 Resistor 0603 5 10 Q R32 35 36 37 38 39 40 43 44 PCB Hardware Overview 4 5 Parts List oy vue we emma 21 1000 Resistor 060
16. SP TRF6903 DEMO kit to proto type new applications Topic Page 3 4 Connecting to the MSP430 JTAG 3 2 3 2 Loading the MSP430 With Firmware 3 3 3 1 Connecting to the MSP430 JTAG 3 4 Connecting to the MSP430 JTAG The MSP TRF6903 DEMO is designed for rapid application development The MSP430 MCU flash memory can repeatedly be erased and reprogrammed The on chip emulation logic allows real time debugging and fast code development The MSP TRF6903 DEMO and the MSP430 Flash Emulation Tool provide everything that is required to develop an entire firmware project For information go to http www msp430 com Connector J2 provides access to the JTAG port of the MSP430 microcontroller on the MSP TRF6903 DEMO circuit board The MSP FET430 Flash Emulation Tool FET interface board MSP FETP430IF not included in this kit connects to J2 and allows real time in system emulation Programming the MSP430 assembler C source level debugging single stepping multiple hardware breakpoints full speed operation and peripheral access are fully supported in system using the JTAG connector Figure 3 1 shows the connections of the MSP TRF6903 DEMO to the JTAG cable provided by the MSP430 FET interface board Figure 3 1 JTAG Connector 3 2 NNNNN MQ SSSSM Keyed connector Loading the MSP430 With the Firmware 3 2 Loading the MSP430 With the Firmware The MSP
17. am TRF6903 word trf6903 d all program TRF6903 word trf6903 e all Software Overview Wireless Protocol 5 5 2 receive RF unsigned char unsigned int This function is used to receive a packet of wireless data stream Below is an example of how it is used union RF PACKET unsigned int w MAXWORD unsigned char b MAXBYTE rev int ReceiveRFWithModeSelect unsigned int ByteCnt int error stat switch trf6903 e bit RXM case 0 error stat receive RF ByteCnt rcv w break case 3 error stat receive RF DCLK ByteCnt rcv w break Packet stream stored in rcv w Packet size stored in ByteCnt 5 5 3 send RF unsigned int unsigned int This function is used to transmit a packet of wireless data stream Below is an example of how it is used union RF XMIT PACKET unsigned int w MAXWORD unsigned char b MAXBYTE xmit void SendRFWithModeSelect unsigned int ByteCnt switch trf6903 e bit TXM case 0 send RF ByteCnt xmit w break case 1 send RF DCLK ByteCnt xmit w break External Control Software for RF Evaluation Mode 5 6 External Control Software for RF Evaluation Mode In the RF evaluation mode the TRF6903 transceiver is controlled by external software run on a PC rather than by the game demo firmware installed on the MSP430 There is no operational link in RF evaluation mode the transceiver is set to one operational state at a time Jumper JP2 sets the board operation
18. ble box A Word should be selected for transmit mode The phase frequency detector reset should be set to Prescaler Enter the power amp output frequency and click the Set Frequency button the software rounds off the output frequency to an integer multiple of the reference frequency The output divider BND should be set to 1 for the 868 MHz and 915 MHz ISM bands The Modulation box should be set to FSK For initial evaluation set TXM 0 and TXDATA to Low An example GUI setup for receive mode is show in Figure 5 6 Set the Mode Enable box contents to B Word and Receive Set the incoming receive signal frequency and click the Set Freq button the LO frequency will be set to an integer multiple of the reference frequency The user can set the LO frequency 10 7 MHz above or below the received signal by clicking on the box for high side Injection or low side Injection For initial evaluation set the data slicer polarity to non inverting RXM CLK Recovery BRA 8 BRB 4 BRC 16 operational mode to Learn TWO 0 TCOUNT 7 and Demod Tune to an intermediate value like 3 or 4 If the down converted IF signal is shifted high in the 10 7 MHz filter bandwidth try setting the RXS crystal switch to Closed during reception and vice versa The TRF6903 is capable of transmit or receive operation in both mode 0 and mode 1 configured by the A and B register words but due to the hardware Software Overview 5 7 External Control Software for RF Evaluati
19. but the antenna matching is not optimized for this band Go to www ti com ismrf for more information 4 7 2 External Antenna Significant range performance may be achieved when an external antenna is used The actual performance improvement depends on the antenna design and proper impedance matching A solder pad for a SMA connector is provided on the circuit board The antenna can be mounted onto the SMA connector Jumper JP1 setting must be moved to connect the external antenna to the rest of the RF front end Shorting pins 2 and 3 of JP1 with a 0 Q resistor connects the circuit board antenna To connect an external antenna open pins 2 and 3 and short pins 1 and 2 with a 0 Q resistor Figure 4 5 shows the pin out configuration at the silk screen Table 4 1 lists information for some antenna suppliers If the PCB antenna is not used leave it unconnected remove the matching components from each end and substitute one 100 Q resistor at each end this prevents unwanted coupling between the PCB antenna and the RF signal PCB Hardware Overview 4 7 Alternate Hardware Configurations Figure 4 5 JP1 Pin Out Configuration Table 4 1 Antenna Suppliers 4 7 3 4 7 4 4 7 5 4 7 6 4 8 RS 232C Port Supplier Web Site Part Number ISM Band Nearson www nearson com S467AM 915S US European MaxRad www maxrad com MEXR902SM US Mobilemark www mobilemark com PSWN3 925S US European W Badland Ltd www badland co uk Various
20. ght copyright mask work right or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination machine or process in which TI products or services are used Information published by TI regarding third party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties conditions limitations and notices Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice Tl is not responsible or liable for any such statements Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions Products Applications Amplifiers amplifier ti com Audio www ti com audio Data Converters dataconverter ti com Au
21. his kit can be downloaded at http www ti com ismrf 1 3 Equipment Requirement The following equipment is not included in this kit and is required to operate the MSP TRF6903 DEMO kit Four AAA batteries MSP430 bus expansion cable for the JTAG connector required only for prototyping purposes Chapter 2 Demonstrating a Wireless Link This chapter explains how to operate the MSP TRF6903 DEMO kit to demonstrate a RF bidirectional link Topic Page 2 1 Board Description 2 2 UTILE 2 3 2 2 Operation 2 1 Board Description 2 1 Board Description The two circuit boards in the kit are identical Each unit has a TRF6903 RF transceiver and a MSP430F449 microcontroller Each board is capable of sending and receiving half duplex wireless data on the European and North American US ISM bands The microcontroller firmware is configured to use the 902 MHz to 928 MHz ISM frequency band Figure 2 1 shows top side and back side views of the circuit board Figure 2 1 Top Side Back Side of the Demonstration Board 4p 6901 4 MSP4310F437 DEMO BD F 4 O0011PWA 01 REV SD ud 9990020000000 1000000000 0000000000 LAT 2 2 Operation Operation Circuit board features 1 On Off switch 2 Battery holder for two AAA batteries in series ba
22. ki TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TRF6903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit User s Guide 2004 Mixed Signal RF SWRUO08 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make corrections modifications enhancements improvements and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete All products are sold subject to Tl s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with Tl s standard warranty Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty Except where mandated by government requirements testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design Customers are responsible for their products and applications using components To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards TI does not warrant or represent that any license either express or implied is granted under any TI patent ri
23. luation Mode Figure 5 6 TRF6903 Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation Receive Mode Multi Band Transceiver RF Evaluation Software v1 0 D x File About I 5 20 2004 9 59 34 AM 3 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS UY LL 4996 MHz Name Rx Frequency Description Enter the desired Rx frequency Once the frequency is entered click the Set Freq button fo update the word registers Software Overview 5 9 Operation of the Evaluation Kit in the European ISM Band 5 7 Operation of the Evaluation Kit in the European ISM Band 5 10 The European ISM band covers the frequency band from 868 MHz to 870 MHz A different set of firmware needs to be downloaded to operate the evaluation kit at the EU band The firmware can be downloaded from the www ti com ismrf website See the application report Operating the TRF6903 with MSP430 Evaluation Kit in the 868 MHZ European ISM Band SWRAO040 for detailed information on the 868 MHz EU operation mode
24. mize range rather than noise immunity There are other hardware configurations for attenuating transmitter harmonics and filtering out of band received noise 4 7 7 Disabling the MSP430 In normal operation the MSP430 microprocessor controls the TRF6903 transceiver and the game user interface The section can also be controlled directly with external computer software To disable the microcontroller either short the MSP430 reset pin RST to ground at the JTAG connector preferred method or remove R42 which disables the voltage supply to the MSP430 The TRF6903 can then be controlled directly through J5 the 14 pin surface mount header 4 7 8 Game and RF Operational Modes Jumper JP2 The circuit board comes with jumper JP2 set in the position for the game demonstration link mode where two circuit boards communicate with each other in game mode to demonstrate a wireless link In the other jumper position RF evaluation mode the TRF6903 is controlled from external software run on a PC and the commands are passed through the MSP430 PCB Hardware Overview 4 9 4 10 5 Software Overview This chapter describes the link demonstration firmware that has been flashed to the microcontroller and external control software for RF test and evaluation Topic Page 5 4 Software Description 22 22 2 2 7 5 2 5 2 Flowchart 5 2 5 3 Wireless Protocol Architecture 5 3 5 4
25. models US Euro pean Radiall Larsen www radialllarsen com Various models US European The circuit board is designed for communication to the MSP430 microcontroller through the RS232 serial port The UART driver is implemented in firmware and is used in the RF evaluation mode On Board LDO Voltage Regulator In normal operation the battery is connected directly to the circuit board power through R31 There is a footprint for a low dropout LDO regulator for cases where a higher voltage power supply is used instead of the on board batteries To add a LDO regulator remove R31 and install Texas Instruments regulator TPS76330DBV at the U3 footprint High Frequency Crystal SAW Filter The board has a footprint for a high frequency 4 MHz microprocessor crystal Y3 as well as the low frequency crystal The factory board configuration uses the 32 kHz watch crystal Y4 An internal frequency multiplier generates the 2 4576 MHz system clock A SAW filter is typically used to band limit the received RF signal and reduce RF interference outside the ISM band The SAW filter from Murata SAFC915MA70N TC11 gives a pass band typical of 902 MHz to 928 MHz while providing about 30 dB attenuation in the stop band Insertion loss in the Alternate Hardware Configurations pass band is about 4 5 dB This causes a corresponding loss in operational range due to signal attenuation The SAW filter is not normally installed at the factory in order to maxi
26. nctions are handled through interrupt subroutines Powel N Up Initalize i Receive Normal N Received button packet x Local Button Activated A x Fa LED Remote Que 4 Local Button Active Turn on LED Response to Remote button complete 7 Wait For Local Done All 4 button pushed 3 sec timeout N Button Response X 8 Receiver Wating For EN be E V Response D EN NEP S Local Buttof initiated All response button Transmit Packet 35 2 NC Received response packet 5 second timed out LED Response Result Wireless Protocol 5 3 Wireless Protocol The wireless data communication protocol is digital FSK at 38 400 bits per second with NRZ coding The communication protocol used for the demonstration board includes preamble packet start bit and word sync bit as illustrated in Figure 5 2 Figure 5 2 Communication Protocol Preamble Bit Width 26 us Packet Start Bit WordO Word1 1 es o m Word0 Synch Bit Word1 Synch Bit The function of the preamble is to train the receive hardware to set the proper reference voltage threshold to extract 1 and 0 data The preamble consists of a train of alternating ones and zeros A longer preamble may give better performance at a cost of more time to deliver an equivalent data packet The current design has a preamble 100 bits long or 2 6
27. on Mode Figure 5 5 TRF6903 TRF6903 Multi Band Transceiver RF Evaluation Software v1 0 had About configuration for the transmit receive switch transmit must be done in mode 0 and receive in mode 1 The tx_enable and rx_enable control lines for the switch are derived from the TRF6903 mode control line In other hardware designs the switch control lines can originate at the microcontroller and can be programmed for transmit receive in either transceiver mode 0 Word A or 1 Word B Other communication utilities such as HyperTerminal or Procomm can be used in place of the external software GUI to control the TRF6903 in pass through mode Set the transmission raw data rate to 38 4 kbps 8 bits data no parity 1 stop bit no flow control or handshake Send the 24 bit control words for registers A through E in ASCII hex with a leading asterisk hex 2A and trailing carriage return hex OD i e A B C D E lt CR gt Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation Transmit Mode x TEXAS INSTRUMENTS DATA DCLK 38 4 kbps E 10 CLK Recovery w DCLK Min Training Bits 7 terminal 39 fearn terminal 21 joo ser XTAL FREQ 195508 MHz terminal 26 Description Enter the desired Tx frequency MHz Once the frequency is entered click the Set Freq button fo update the word registers 5 8 External Control Software for RF Eva
28. on sequence after this response the initial transmitter s board illuminates one of three LEDs depending on the information provided by the receiving board Successful user response and communication the green LED illuminates if the packet was delivered to the receiving board and the user on the re ceiving board pressed the correct sequence of buttons Successful communication and user error the orange LED illuminates if the packet was delivered to the receiving board and the user on the receiving board pressed the incorrect sequence of buttons Communication error the red LED illuminates if there was a communica tion error Demonstrating a Wireless Link 2 3 2 2 1 Preparing for Operation Before you start operating the units as a demonstration make sure that you have done the following LJ Slide the on off switch to ON J Place two AAA batteries on each demonstration board Have the same 4 bit DIP switch SW1 configuration on both boards Table 2 1 shows the transmit frequencies selected with the 4 bit DIP switch SW1 Both circuit boards must have the same channel switch settings in order for the demonstration game to operate correctly Table 2 1 4 DIP Switch SW1 Settings and Transmit Frequencies 1234 SW1 Setting TX Frequency RX Frequency 1 On 0 Off MHz MHz 0000 902 3988 891 6992 0001 903 218 892 5184 0010 904 4468 893 7472 0011 905 266 894 5664 0100 906 0852 89
29. or PFD Derived From Prescaler Crystal Switch Closed E Receive Data Mode RXM Self Train Dividers D1 D2 D3 38 4 kbps Transmit Capture select Set 5 5 Wireless Subroutines Wireless Protocol The game application uses C language functions to implement different communication tasks that are required to receive and send data Brief descriptions of these subroutines follow 5 5 1 program TRF6903 word This function configures one of the five registers of the TRF6903 transceiver Below is a sample code on how to use this function so that you can program all five registers struct REGA BITS unsigned long BND 2 unsigned long CP Acc 2 unsigned long PI 1 unsigned long TX RX0 1 unsigned long 0 2 unsigned long B DIV 0 9 unsigned long A DIV 0 5 unsigned long ADDR 2 union TRF REGA unsigned long all struct REGA BITS bit 16 struct REG union union TRF REG TRF REG TRF REG TRF REG union union union Js _ C D E e void configure trf6903 void int pointer P40UT amp 0xfe pointer int trf6903 a bi trf6903 a bi program TRF6 trf6903 b bi trf6903 b bi 9 f sel B DIV MO MAIN B T pointer DIV MO MAIN A T pointer 03 word trf6903 a all B DIV M1 MAIN B R pointer DIV M1 MAIN A R pointer program TRF6903 word trf6903 b all program TRF6903 word trf6903 c all trf6903 d bit XTAL Tune XTAL OFFSET progr
30. otoyping Chapter 4 PCB Hardware Overview O O wo Chapter 5 Software Overview Related Documentation From Texas Instruments Other related Texas Instruments documents that may be helpful are 1 TRF6903 data sheet SWRS022 MSP430F449 data sheet http focus ti com lit ds symlink msp430f449 pdf TRF6903 design guide SWRAOxx TRF6901 FAQ http focus ti com lit misc slad008 slad008 pdft If You Need Assistance Product Websites FCC Warning For design and product information related to the TRF6908 MSP430 and similar products go to J http www ti com ismrf http www msp430 com PDF documents and zip files may be located on Texas Instruments website by typing in the literature number in the Search text box for example typing in 5 5022 will locate the TRF6903 data sheet This equipment is intended for use in a laboratory test environment only It gen erates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been tested for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to subpart J of part 15 of FCC rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against radio frequency interference Operation of this equipment in other en vironments may cause interference with radio communications in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct this interference Contents Evaluation Ki
31. rd A waits to receive an acknowledgement packet sent by the other board The acknowledgement package is illustrated in Figure 5 4 The ACK package is embedded in the protocol described in Figure 5 2 If Board A does not get the ACK package in the preprogrammed wait cycle it retries up to six times Note that each time that Board B receives a transmission packet it sends an acknowledgment back to Board A Figure 5 4 illustrates the ACK packet Figure 5 3 6 Byte Transmission Data Packet Header Byte Button 1 Button 2 Button 3 Button 4 Checksum Byte ID Byte ID Byte ID Byte ID Byte Figure 5 4 4 Byte ACK Packet 5 3 3 Checksum Byte Each packet has a checksum byte at the end of the data packet see Figure 5 3 The checksum byte is calculated by summing the first 5 bytes of the packet and ignoring overflow 5 4 TRF6903 Registers The TRF6903 has five control registers A through E that are initialized using through an on chip serial port interface SPI Table 5 1 shows the values loaded into the registers by the microprocessor during demo program initialization Table 5 1 TRF6903 Game Application Register Values Register Parameter Value A PA attenuation 0 dB Mode 0 Tx Charge Pump 0 5 mA Frequency Band 915 MHz B PA attenuation 0 dB Mode 1 Rx Modulation F2 2 Brownout threshold VSK Brownout detector Off C Reference divider 48 Reference frequency 409 6 kHz D Crystal Tune 20 23 pF Reset Signal f
32. t Overview 1 1 1 1 Beo 1 2 1 02 COMES uos dtr Lbs ie ecce 1 2 1 3 Equipment Requirement 1 2 Demonstrating a Wireless Link 2 1 2 1 BoardDescription 2 2 2 2 gt in s ya kaa aaa eens hens eed aad 2 3 2 2 4 Preparing for Operation 2 4 2 22 OWS E AM 2 4 2 23 Wireless Demonstration 2 4 2 24 RSSl Indicator 2 5 2 25 Error Conditions esee ie e 2 5 ProtolyPINg em 3 1 3 1 Connecting to the 5 430 JTAG 3 2 3 2 Loading the MSP430 With the Firmware 3 3 PCB Hardware Overview 4 1 4 1 Hardware Overview 2 4 2 4 2 TRF6903 RF Block Diagram 4 2 4 3 MSP430F449 Block 4 3 44 Demo Board Schematics
33. tomotive www ti com automotive DSP dsp ti com Broadband www ti com broadband Interface interface ti com Digital Control www ti com digitalcontrol Logic logic ti com Military www ti com military Power Mgmt power ti com Optical Networking www ti com opticalnetwork Microcontrollers microcontroller ti com Security www ti com security Telephony www ti com telephony Video amp Imaging www ti com video Wireless www ti com wireless Mailing Address Texas Instruments Post Office Box 655303 Dallas Texas 75265 Copyright 2004 Texas Instruments Incorporated About This Manual Preface Read This First This document presents the contents of the TRF6903 demonstration and development tool kit The user manual provides information on how to operate the MSP TRF6903 DEMO kit and describes its hardware and software Users should understand the MSP430F449 and the TRF6903 to obtain the full benefit of this user manual How to Use This Manual Different topics covered in this manual may require different levels of expertise The first two chapters are focused on how the kit operates If you want to build your own prototype review the third chapter on how to load firmware The later chapters cover hardware and software topics that may require some additional expertise This document contains the following chapters Chapter 1 TRF6903 Demonstration and Evaluation Kit Overview Chapter 2 Demonstsration a Wireless Link Chapter 3 Pr
34. tteries not included Headers used to access the MSP430F449 I O ports O TRF6903 RF transceiver Antenna jumper 0 O resistor used to select either the SMA connector or PCB antenna selecting both not recommended 5 6 On board PCB antenna default configuration The antenna has modest gain and radiates in the direction of the bend in the long arm 7 SMA connector footprint for an external antenna or test equipment SMA connector not included 8 4 bit DIP switch used in the link demonstration mode to change the trans mit receive frequencies The switch is connected to MSP430 I O ports P3 0 P3 1 P3 2 and P3 3 9 Receive signal strength indicator RSSI LEDs connected to MSP430 I O ports P6 0 through P6 3 10 Four buttons used for the demonstration game application connected to MSP430 I O ports P1 0 through P1 3 11 Four LEDs used for the demonstration game application connected to MSP430 I O ports P1 3 through P1 7 12 RS 232C connector 13 JTAG connector 14 TRF6903 I O header used to monitor or control the TRF6903 15 0 resistor R42 remove to disable the MSP430F449 or short reset to ground at JTAG connector 16 MSP430F 449 microcontroller A simple game is implemented in the firmware to demonstrate bidirectional RF communication The first user starts the game by pushing any sequence of four colored buttons The second user on the receive side responds by pushing the same butt
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