Z80 Microprocessor Kit User`s manual
Contents
1. NOTE2. 1 Y1 1 3 579MHz U2 27 64 27 256 HM62256B U4A U4B 24 30 0 10 USA 1 30 AT 07 A0 44 DO AO DO A yA MREQ H A HA At D1 2 z 5 CPU MREQ A2 33 A3 7 2 01 1 2 De EA WE WR ma a a 03 E D4 RD A5 5 EPIS 741 914 RD 5 35 AS 5 5 04 5 05 R1 R2 RFSH AS 38 AT 6 05 AT 1 6 D6 T AT AT 06 57 AT D7 4 s 38 25 7 oy 19 25 9 74HC74 HALT 39 A9 24 4 Aum dem B 27 9 1k 1k WAIT 24 MOEA 11 23 10 WAIT 11 AZ 11 A12 H 24 A12 ip A13 3 E 26 A13 177 NMI 4 4 AM RD 22 1 5 15 ROMCE 20 RESET 26 15 27 20 3 RESET PGM RD 2 9 BUSRQ 25 00 MEP WR 27 0 BUSAK 230 BUSRQ D1 0000 0 AkB WE vec BUSAK D 0x1000 0x8FFF CPU_CLK 10k TP4 e DA D5 USB d DE Do Su 12 9 BE bi D Q RESET 280 02 RESET 11 vec D3 D3 U6 D4 D4 o 05 10uF Q MREQ 2 ROMCE D6 74HC74 ORQ 3 13 RAMCE 57 R4 A6 e 14 KEP 10k AT 5 15 gt A12 l RD as Hi LCD_E ARD Aid 8 18 ad WR PORT1 WR E 22 PORT2 AO UZ n QA 12 5 NMI M1 1 9 B QB select INTR source INTR GAL16V8B JP1 QC Pn 741814
3. Title Z80 TRAINER KIT Bize Document Number Rev B lt Doc gt 2 Date Saturday January 17 2015 Sheet 2 of 3 Y D13 DO RD Di 00 vcc 45V 7 lt 27 02 WR 03 DS D4 0x40 D5 D6 D5 016 D6 D7 D7 2 ar 1120 20 17 3D H 2 40 18 77 50 50 12 6D D7 4170 H5 WR 8D 8Q 11 E 1 gt cc 4001 9 20 06 07 08 y D1 RESET 74HC573 Y 44 X v 4 x x lt lt x lt x D14 1N5236A 16x2 text LCD interface JR1 5 45V hs 46 RI 9 7 8 bit Binary display LED x8 16 15 13 2 D 12 H2 05 1Hl HO gt 2 D2 8 Di 8 DO 7 6 5 lt LCD_E 5 4 AD 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 E CONN RECT 16 id y MC 1 mm R18 7 10K 5V T 10uF 10V 10ur C15 C14 4t al IX 17 1 2 v Cam 10uF 1 4 5 6 y C2 9 16 55 en 8 lt 10uF 7 3 EA 14 HL T1OUT TXD E Y T20UT 0 lt
4. 8 x B R20UT SUB D 9 Male cross cable MAX232A Title Z80 TRAINER KIT Bize Document Number Rev B lt Doc gt 1 Date Saturday January 17 2015 Sheet 3 of PARTS LIST Semiconductors 1 780 40 pin DIP microprocessor 2 27664 or 27C256 EPROM 3 HM62256B 32kB SRAM 4 741514 inverter 5 74HC74 Dual D type flip flop 6 GAL16V8B programmable logic device 7 741890 decade counter 8 89 2051 20 pin microcontroller 9 LM7805 TO voltage regulator 11 U10 LTC 4727JR 4 digit 7 segment LED 12 U14 U16 74HC573 8 bit latch 13 CD4001 quad NOR gate 15 74HC541 tri state buffer J17 MAX232A 15232 converter D1 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 3nm LED D12 D13 D15 GC CC ec 4 4 cocco 02 TVS5V_SOD123 transient voltage suppressor D4 1N4007 rectifying diode 014 1N5226A 3 3V zener 500mW 02 01 557 PNP transistor D3 POWER 3mm LED 05 TONE 3mm LED Resistors all resistors are 1 8W 5 R1 R2 R9 1k R3 R4 R5 R6 R8 R18 10K R7 R19 680 Ohms R10 2k R16 R12 10k RESISTOR SIP 9 R13 4 7k R14 330 Ohms R17 R15 10 Ohms Capacitors Cl 100pF ceramic C2 C3 C15 C16 C17 10uF electrolytic C4 100uF electrolytic ES 10uF 16V electrolytic C6 1000uF 16V electrolytic C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 0 1uF multi layer C12 C13 0 1uF multilayer C14 1OuF 10V electrolytic C18 0 multilayer Additional parts JP1 HEADER 20X2 CONN RECT 16 pins DC inpu
5. 40H A Write A to GPIO1 40H 1803 C3 00 18 JP MAIN Jump back to main Again enter the hex code to memory and test it with single step Every time when instruction out 40H A was executed did you see the LED display changed We will learn more the use of GPIO1 with Z80 Programming Lab Book CONNECTING Z80 KIT TO TERMINAL All of monitor commands are compatible with MPF 1 except SEND and LOAD keys For LOAD key we can connect the Z80 kit to a terminal by RS232C cross cable You may download free terminal program teraterm from this URL http ttssh2 sourceforge jp index html en RS232C cross cable EM UN M a uu VT100 Terminal zu The example shows connecting laptop with COMI port to the RS232C port of the 780 kit To download Intel hex file that generated from the assembler or c compiler set serial port speed to 2400 bit s 8 data bit no parity no flow control one stop bit Tera Term Serial port setup Port K Baud rate Data Parity Stop Help Flow control Transmit delay 1 msecichar 0 msec line Press key LOAD then key GO The kit will wait for the data stream from terminal On PC Click file gt Send File gt LED HEX The kit will read the hex file write to memory when completed the start message will be displa
6. Ge E AAAJ lt gt 4 LAA 07 2D o 55 3D 15 alc EP 5D 5Q arm i E D Do PARAS le E p lo E 9 p 9 ww e 2 1 E ES E E E E UC OE o o o o L1L2L3 o o L1L2L3 4001 TN 9 20 oc a a a a a a a a LTC 4727JR LTC 4727JR lt A A ed J2 74HC573 y senene 2 PORT2 segment test L 3 u14 0x01 CON3 PCO 0 PCT 2D 2Q 17 3D 30 18 PC3 10k RESISTOR SIP9 12 vec 4D 40 15 PC4 PCO 2 1 9 ED 59 14 5 8 13 PCE 9170 12 SPEAKER 7 BREAK PC3 8D PC 5 Ty e RESET cc quo PC5 C 9 20 Pos 74HC573 PC3 PC2 PCT le PCO WR gt U4E PORT1 TXD R13 J 51 52 53 54 55 56 SPEAKER 2 Q2 T ee T t 59 557 0 00 015 741514 Yet dE 2 d 2 A 4 4 4 7k 2 PAO vec M 5 57 S8 S9 2510 81 12 Y3 SE T I p I I M D5 Ls Ya oy zu o X4 gt 4 Ao JET PAS 330 TONE 1 Y6 6 PAG 21 A L8 13 514 515 516 517 518 SPEAKER D7 11 Y8 AS 9 19 T T T T T T is 45V T d P e ot D d Dev 19 91 vec 520 8 522 523 524 25 10 vcc 209 T T T T T T h p M O a p 74 541 10k RESISTOR SIP9 R16 vcc lt RXD PAO 2 1 9 526 527 528 529 4 U13C U4F T T RD P SUI P d gt 30 531 32 S33 4001 741514 T T T P e
7. is a current limit resistor for back light R18 is trimmer POT for contrast adjustment The LCD module is interfaced to the Z80 bus directly The command and data registers are located in I O space having address from 80H to 83H Be advised that plugging or removing the LCD module must be done when the kit is powered off ue BRE RPE PP Pn Text LCD module accepts ASCII codes for displaying the message on screen Without settings the LCD by software no characters will be displayed The first line will be black line by adjusting the R18 for contrast adjustment LOGIC PROBE POWER SUPPLY The kit provides test points TP1 5V and TP2 GND for using the logic probe Students may learn digital logic signals with logic probe easily The important signals are RESET TP4 and CPU clock TP3 Tick signal however indicated by D15 LED blinking Logic probe can test it at P3 7 of the 89C2051 microcontroller directly Red clip is for 5V and Black clip for GND 5 at TP1 GND at TP1 12 HARDWARE SCHEMATIC PARTS LIST AND PCB LAYOUT
8. 3H MEMORY AND I O MAP 256 bytes I O PORTO PORT PORT2 GPIO1 LCD command WR LCD data WR LCD command RD LCD data RD User GPIO1 LED The Z80 kit provides a useful 8 bit binary display It can be used to debug the program or code running demonstration The I O address is 40H U16 is 8 bit data latch Logic 1 at the output will make LED lit 20 30 40 sa 7Q sa WR GPio1 4001 08 07 08 09 019 011 012 013 74HC573 x x D D14 LED 1 5236 GPIO1 LED can be used to display accumulator register easily Let us take a look the sample code below Address Hex code Label Instruction comment 1800 3E 01 MAIN LD A 1 Load register A with 1 1802 D3 40 OUT 40H A Write A to GPIO1 40H The test code has only two instructions Each instruction has machine code of two bytes Enter the hex code to memory from 1800 to 1803 Then press PC and execute the instruction with single step by pressing key STEP The 2 pressed STEP key that executes instruction out 40H A will make the GPIO1 LED showing the content of register A Another sample is with JUMP instruction The JUMP instruction will change the Program Counter to 1800 to repeat program running Address Hex code Label Instruction comment 1800 3C MAIN INCA Increment register A 1801 D3 40 OUT
9. Z80 Microprocessor Kib User s manual B7 B za BS B2 Bi B e000 le EN gt PIO1 40H TOS COPY SZxH xPNC SZxH xPNC PC SBR INS RESET REL IX IxIF REG CBR DEL MON SEND AF DATA STEP INTR u EN xx os pes Ld LOAD Af BC HL ADDR USER Rev 1 1 October 2015 Z80 MICROPROCESSOR KIT USER S MANUAL CONTENTS OVERVIEW TE 3 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK 2 3 HARDWARE LAYOUT aaa 4 KEYBOARD LAYOUT rage tado y kd rn 5 HARDWARE FEATURES urna 6 MEMORY AND VO MAPS uessiausnaniananunnsunnn anne nn nen naar 6 GPIOT EED ui a ae T 7 CONNECTING 280 KIT TO 8 EXPANSION BUS HEADER ener nnne nnns 9 Toms TICK GENERAT OR iia aaa 10 RS2326 Donna patio ir oo 11 DATA FRAME for UART 11 CONNECTING LCD MODULE nun a 12 LOGIC PROBE POWER SUPPLY in 12 HARDWARE SCHEMATIC BOM AND PCB LAYOUT 13 The Z80 microprocessor kit is a single board microcomputer designed for self learning Students will learn how to build the computer using the 1976 Z80 microprocessor with memory and simple I O chips The kit can be assembled at home without the need of special tools The kit itself is the real microcomputer S
10. a a i TONE en Uca ra Os B7 B BS B4 B3 B2 Bi 1008 55555850 6 101 40H TESTI 2 Rie R18 GPIO1 LED 8 bit binary LCD contrast adj display address is 40H 20 pin Text LCD header Selector for 10ms tick or INTR key Important Notes 1 Plugging or removing the LCD module must be done when the kit is powered off 2 AC adapter should provide approx 9VDC higher voltage will cause the voltage regulator chip U9 becomes hot 3 The kit has diode protection for wrong polarity of adapter jack If the center pin is not the positive the diode will reverse bias preventing wrong polarity to feed to voltage regulator KEYBOARD LAYOUT COPY SZxH xPNC SZxH xPNC PC SBR INS RESET REL IxIF REG CBR DEL MON IX IY SP ES EN EN En SEND AP BC DE HL DATA STEP INTR KN EN KEN KA AF BC DE HL EN En EN LOAD ADDR HEX keys Hexadecimal number 0 to with associated user registers and flag bits when press REG CPU control keys RESET Reset the CPU Z80 will begin fetch the code from location 0000 MON Force CPU to jump back to monitor program INTR Make INT pin to logic low used for experimenting with interrupt process USER User key for lab test active low Monitor function keys INS Insert byte to memory current byte will be shifting down DEL Delete current byte the next byte will be shifting up STEP Execute user code only single instruction an
11. by a maskable interrupt The 100Hz tick or 10ms tick can be used to produce tasks that executed with multiple of tick The Z80 kit lab look will show how to use 10ms tick to make a digital timer gt gt 10ms 10ms 10ms 10 RS232C PORT The RS232C port is for serial communication We can use a cross cable or null MODEM cable to connect between the kit and terminal or kit 1 to kit 2 for sending or receiving hex file The connector for both sides are DB9 female We may build it or buying from computer stores Rx O 089 Female 089 Female For new or laptop computer with USB port we may have the RS232C port by using the USB to RS232 converter DATA FRAME for UART COMMUNICATION Serial data that communicated between kit and terminal is asynchronous format The Z80 kit has no UART chip instead it uses software controlled to produce bit rate of 2400 bit s The data frame is composed of start bit 8 data bit and stop bit For our kit period 1 2400 417 microseconds period 1 Baud Rate Stat Bito Bit 4 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit Stop Bit Eb msb Bit Since bit period is provided by machine cycle delay Thus to send receive serial data correctly all interrupts must be disabled 11 CONNECTING LCD MODULE JR1 is 20 pin header for connecting the LCD module The example shows connecting the 16x2 lines text LCD module R17
12. d return to save CPU registers GO Jump from monitor program to user code SBR Set break address CBR Clear break address PC Set current display address with user Program Counter REG Display user registers or flags with HEX key for a given register DATA Set entry mode of hex keys to Data field 5 ADDR Set entry mode of hex keys to Address field COPY SEND LOAD Copy block of memory used with key for Start End Destination and key GO Compute relative byte used with key for Start Destination and key GO Send Intel hex file at 2400 bit s using serial port Load Intel hex file at 2400 bit s using serial port HARDWARE FEATURES Microprocessor Zilog 780 1 79MHz 40 DIP package Memory 4kB monitor ROM 32KB user RAM Memory amp I O Decoder logic GAL16V8 System tick 10ms produced by AT89C2051 microcontroller e GPIO 8 bit LED display DISPLAY 6 digit super bright 7 segment display Keypad 36 key Serial port 2400 Bit s RS232C using software controlled UART Expansion slot 40 pin header LCD bus 16x2 text display direct bus interface The Z80 kit has separated memory and I O space Memory space is selected with MREQ signal I O space with IORQ signal The bank areas for both memory and I O are available for experimenting 0000H OFFFH 1000H 8FFFH FFFFH 64kB Memory 4kB Monitor ROM 32kB RAM 00H 01H 02H 40H 80H 81H 82H 83H C
13. sw4 sw2 N 5 QD i 5 A 1 BREAK RO 1 5 T RO 2 INT vec 3 7 8900 U8 Programmable timer 9 RI vec R7 11 1119390 2 2 ve sao 13 Y PSA TXD P1 1 AIN1 HI 15 6 P32 INTO p1 2 Hb 17 X 1 P3 3 INT1 213 HB Se Jee 19 7 P3 4 T0 p14 E y 21 x H 21 5 pis LED 23 10uF P1 6 19 x 25 XTAL 1 7 4 2 27 ao 4 25 PIE 4 xTAL2 TVS5V_SOD123 lt R9 31 o 0 33 100 p3 7 HA Tick 100Hz 80557 2 33 741814 q 39 D3 R10 di Lg HEADER 20X2 AT89C2051 gt POWER e Expansion Bus E TP1 09 J1 vec LM7805 TO 04 DC input 9v 5V h p 34 your vin H 2 4 1 1 10uF 16V 5 lt vec C18 C8 c10 o7 c12 C13 2 aud 0 tuF 0 1uF 0 tuF 0 tuF TP2 100nF 0 tuF 1000uF 16 Title oao pl 1 1 DC2 Z80 MICROPROCESSOR KIT 0 1uF Size Document Number Rev id Doc 2 Date Saturday January 17 2015 Sheet 1 of 3 WR PORTO gt 5V 00 DO lt DT 02 01 02 Ds D3 12 0x02 u10 011 D6 D5 19 E A 14 A 14 D7 D6 1D 1Q G 5 A
14. t JACK 12 HEADER 3 pins 181 8 Ohms SPEAKER SWI SW2 SW3 SWA RESET 12mm tact switch INTR 12mm tact switch MONITOR 12mm tact switch slide switch SPDT 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 12mm TACT switch 533 DB 9 Male connector Y1 XTAL 3 579MHz PCB double side plate through hole LED cover Clear RED color acrylic plastic Keyboard sticker printable SVG file o9 VDC 2764 27256 EPROM 780 CPU 4 lt Ga gt 780 MICROPROCESSOR KIT TOP LAYER BOTTOM LAYE
15. tudents will learn how to program the Z80 microprocessor in machine language with instruction hex code The hex code can be entered to memory and tested it directly Results of CPU operations can be checked in the memory OVERVIEW or user registers display easily The kit manuals are 1 user s manual for hardware details 2 programming lab book and 3 construction guide for kit assemble steps Notes Z80 KIT FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Interfacing bus expansion RS232C AC adapter 32kB User RAM an 45VDC power PLD eie 4kB Monitor ROM decoder 780 1 79MHz 10ms tick i enerator Microprocessor Oscillator 9 16x2 Text LCD module 6 digit 7 segment display Keyboard hex key functions key and CPU control key 8 bit debugging LED speake r Logic Probe 5V supply 1 UART is software control for low speed asynchronous communication 2 LCD module is optional the kit provides a 16 pin header 3 10ms Tick generator is for a maskable interrupt source NMI is used by single stepping circuit HARDWARE LAYOUT RS232C connector DB9 male DC jack 9VDC ur o 9VDC Rm 62256 RAM C10 Cia a 5V 2 0 Ei Rs Re 619 C14 C17 1 amp POWER Clow Os 4 40 uz CE 2764 27256 EPROM 2 gt 741590 22 eB Ou 98 151 pi
16. yed SEND key will need Start End address then press GO the kit will send Intel hex file to terminal EXPANSION BUS HEADER JP1 40 pin header provides CPU bus signals for expansion or I O interfacing Students may learn how to make the simple I O port interfacing to Analog to Digital Converter interfacing to stepper motor or AC power circuits 11 C WR 95 DE 5 BUSRO 14 2 a D RESH DO O AC 5 E L D 2 D C4 DC Ad 100uF D AE O i NM C O AR gt MREG ORO 7 D HEADER 20X2 Expansion Bus USER KEY User key S19 is one bit active low key switch connected to bit 6 of Port 0 To test the logic of S19 we can use IN A 0 and check bit 6 of the accumulator with test bit instruction 0 00 15 74 10ms TICK GENERATOR SW4 is a selector for interrupt source between key INTR or 10ms tick produced by 89C2051 microcontroller Tick generator is software controlled using timer interrupt in the 89C2051 chip The active low tick signal is sent to P3 7 For tick running indicator P1 7 drives D15 LED select INTR source INTR SW Programmable timer P3 0 RXD P1 0 AINO P31 TXD P1 1 AIN1 P3 2 INTO 1 2 P3 3 INT1 P1 3 P3 4 TO AT89C2051 Tick is a 10ms periodic signal for triggering the Z80 interrupt pin When select SW4 to Tick the Z80 CPU can be triggered
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