GPS Based Voice Alert System for the Blind
Contents
1. 23 je RCOASONSDA 72 Lj we ROGIPSPS 21 ROG PSP Figure3 pin diagram for PIC16F877 IJSER 2010 International Journal of Scientific amp Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 1 January 2011 3 ISSN 2229 5518 2 1 4 Regulated Power Supply A device or system that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads is called a power supply unit or PSU The term is most commonly applied to electrical energy supplies less often to mechanical ones and rarely to others A power supply may include a power distribution sys tem as well as primary or secondary sources of energy such as e Conversion of one form of electrical power to another desired form and voltage typically involving con verting AC line voltage to a well regulated lower voltage DC for electronic devices Low voltage low power DC power supply units are commonly inte grated with the devices they supply as computers and household electronics e Batteries such e Chemical fuel cellsand other forms of energy sto rage systems 2 1 5 Micellaneous items e Solar power e Generators Alternators Figure4 Regulated Power Supply e An LCD display is incorporated for a better user inter face Its primary use is to display the latitude and longi tude of the current location e Two different coloured LED s for indicating the type of data rece ved from the GPS receiver e A Speaker for announcing the message s recorded us In2. 60 Seco Editor De T O org http Ata jE idea dape daen d3 en JOER talosi 10 28 AO Pin 8 Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers http IJSER 2010 w1 microchip com downloads fn devicedoc 80292c pdf
3. II Channds 20 channa all in view tracking Power Power input 3 3V Power consumption at full tracking 40mA Interface Update time 1 second NMEA output protocol V 3 00 Baud rate 4800 default 9600 19200 38400 57600 Bps 8 N 1 2 1 3 Microcontroller The microcontroller used for this system is PIC16F877A The PIC families of microcontrollers are developed by Microchip Technology Inc Currently they are some of the most popular microcontrollers selling over 120 million devices each year There are basically four families of PIC microcontrollers PICI2CXXX 12 14 bit program word PIC16C5X 12 bit program word PIC16CXXX and PIC16FXXX 14 bit program word PIC17CXXX and PIC18CXXX 16 bit program word 2 1 3 1 Features The CPU uses Harvard architecture with separate Pro gram and Variable data memory interface This facili tates instruction fetch and the operation on data Accessing of variables simultaneously Basically all PIC microcon trollers offer the following features e RISC instruction set e On chip timer with 8 bit prescaler e Power on reset e Watchdog timer e Power saving SLEEP mode e Direct indirect and relative addressing modes e External clock interface e RAM data memory e EPROM or OTP program memory Some devices offer the following additional features e Analogue input channels e Analogue comparators e Additional timer circuits e EEPROM data memory e Flash EEPROM program memory e External and time
4. International Journal of Scientific amp Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 1 January 2011 ISSN 2229 5518 GPS Based Voice Alert System for the Blind Rishabh Gulati Abstract GPS is employed to find the position of the user on the earth This information is provided by the GPS with the help of the data it receives from the satellites GPS based voice alert system for the blind uses the current location and gives the alert to the blind man if it was his destination area This paper describes the concept using a microcontroller based system The system has a dynamic user interface and is easily operable The system is realised using a GPS module SR 92 and a Voice Module APR9600 interfaced with a PIC16F877 microcontroller The working of the system incorporates two stages first the location based audio recording stage and second the navigation of the blind person using the signal from the GPS receiver The system employs a user friendly design and provides for an automatic location name announcement system Index Terms Navigation Audio input output User Interfaces PIC microcontroller 1 INTRODUCTION he Global Positioning System GPS is a U S space based radio navigation system that provides reliable positioning navigation and timing services to civi lian users on a continuous worldwide basis For anyone with a GPS receiver the system will provide location and time GPS provides accurate location and time informa tion f
5. ammer Tools Yiew Help Midrange Standard Configuration PIC16F72 FF FF FF FF Checksum 0041 TT S Macro YDD PICkit 2 0 a ee wae Eee Ee ee C MCLR Program Memory Device Configuration 0042 User IDs Code Protect Hex Only Source 2004 BAG JEFF 3FFF SFFF EEPROM Data Auto Import Hex Write Device Read Device Export Hex File PICkit 2 Figure6 successful program dumping using PICkit 2 INSER 2010 International Journal of Scientific amp Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 1 January 2011 5 ISSN 2229 5518 Presence of every module has been reasoned out and placed carefully thus contributing to the best working of the system This system has been successfully designed and tested using the PIC16F877 microcontroller 5 CONCLUSION The system designed consists of a GPS receiver and a voice circuit which is interfaced to the microcontroller The microcontroller is programmed in such a way that depending on the satellite information of location the predefined location name will be announced The only major disadvantage of this system is the time taken by the GPS to receive its initial signal from the sa tellite i e when it is switched ON The above disadvan tage can be removed by using a higher efficiency GPS receiver 6 FUTURE SCOPE This project can be extended by incorporating a GSM module We can interface this module to send messages to the near and dea
6. g the voice module AC 230V Transformer Rectifier 2 2 Software 2 2 1 Express PCB This software is used for designing the circuit Bread boards are great for prototyping equipment as it allows great flexibility to modify a design when needed howev er the final product of a project ideally should have a neat PCB few cables and survive a shake test Not only is a proper PCB neater but it is also more durable as there are no cables which can yank loose When making a PCB we have the option of making a single sided board or a double sided board Single sided boards are cheaper to produce and easier to etch but much harder to design for large projects If a lot of parts are being used in a small space it may be difficult to make a single sided board without jumpering over traces with a cable While there s technically nothing wrong with this it should be avoided if the signal travelling over the traces is sensitive e g audio signals A double sided board is more expensive to produce professionally more difficult to etch on a DIY board but makes the layout of components a lot smaller and easier It should be noted that if a trace is running on the top layer check with the components to make sure you can get to its pins with a soldering iron Large capacitors re lays and similar parts which don t have axial leads can NOT have traces on top unless boards are plated profes sionally When using a double sided b
7. iver gets the satellite sig nal it will give the current location values Void data means if the GPS Receiver is unable to get the satellite signal it will give the previous data which may not be current location value After getting the signal if we want to store the present location as an alerting location for the blind person the following procedure will do the needful i Press and hold the control button ii Press the restart button iii Release the restart button after 1sec iv Hold the control button until the LCD displays the current location is saved Like this we can store 3 different locations by using the control buttons These values will be stored into the EE PROM which is a non volatile memory We just have to make sure that the distance between the two locations is ereater than 100 meters After storing the location s we need to restart the system Now when the blind person enters these regions loca tions with this system the voice module will announce the location names as we had recorded them with respect to the stored locations 4 RESULT The GPS based voice alert system for the blind is de signed so as to alert the blind person through voice alerts when he enters into a particular location by announcing the location name The locations names are pre recorded in the voice circuit and are announced when the person reaches those particular locations PICkit 2 Programmer Fie Device Family Progr
8. oard we must consider which traces should be on what side of the board Gener ally we put power traces on the top of the board jump ing only to the bottom if a part cannot be soldered onto the top plane like a relay and vice versa 2 2 2 PIC Compiler PIC compiler is a software in which the machine lan guage code is written and compiled After compilation the machine source code is converted into hex code which is to be dumped into the microcontroller for further processing PIC compiler also supports C language code It s important that we know the C language for micro controllers which is commonly known as Embedded C The PCB PCM and PCH are separate compilers PCB is for 12 bit opcodes PCM is for 14 bit opcodes and PCH is for 16 bit opcode PIC microcontrollers These compilers are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of the PIC microcontroller When compared to a more tradition al C compiler PCB PCM and PCH have some limita tions One of the limitations being function recursion is not allowed This is due to the fact that the PIC has no stack to push variables onto and also because of the way the compilers optimize the code The compilers can efficiently imple ment normal C constructs input utput operations and bit twiddling operations All normal C data types are supported along with pointers to constant arrays fixed point decimal and arrays of bits 2 2 3 Proteus Proteus is a software which accept
9. or an unlimited number of people in all weather day and night anywhere in the world GPS based blind man device with user input interfacing voice based intellectually finds the current location and gives the alert to the blind man if it was his destination area Microcontroller is the heart of the device It stores the data of the current location which it receives from the GPS system so that it can make use of the data stored to compare with the destination location of the user By this it can trace out the distance from the destination and pro duce an alarm to alert the user in advance This device is designed to provide a voice based an nouncement for the user i e the user gets the voice which pronounces his destination location as and when he is about to reach the destination Here instead of an alarm sound the blind man can directly hear the location rec orded by the user itself 2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 2 1 Hardware 2 1 1 Voice Module APR9600 APR9600 is a low cost high performance sound record eplay IC incorporating flash analogue storage technique Recorded sound is retained even after power supply is removed from the module The replayed sound exhibits high quality with a low noise level Sampling rate for a 60 second recording period is 4 2 kHz that gives a sound record eplay bandwidth of 20Hz to 2 1 kHz However by changing an oscillation resistor a sam pling rate as high as 8 0 kHz can be achieved This short ens
10. r interrupts e n circuit programming e Internal oscillator e USART serial interface ISSN 2229 5518 Progrem eddress Peziste address Special Purpose Registers Frogram Memory dala memory 1 4 RANT Figure2 architecture of PIC microcontroller 2 1 3 2 Pin Description PIC16F877 is a 40 pin microcontroller It has 5 ports port A port B port C port D port E All the pins of the ports are for interfacing input output devices Port A It consists of 6 pins from AO to A5 Port B It consists of 8 pins from BO to B7 Port C It consists of 8 pins from CO to C7 Port D It consists of 8 pins from DO to D7 Port E It consists of 3 pins from E0 to E2 The rest of the pins are mandatory pins these should not be used to connect input output devices Pin 1 is MCLR master clear pin pin also referred as reset pin Pin 13 14 are used for connecting the crystal oscillator to generate a frequency of about 20MHz MELR A PP o 1 RAWAN aaj 7 RATAN 3 RAZIANZSVREF g pe FJ 4 RASQANS VREF j f F RAATOCEK a 6 39 LJ et RBEGPGC 35 pe RBE3 POM 33 ae RBOINT a3 VED RE2 CSANT J RDTPSPT7 29 e ROGIPSPSE O8C1 CLKIN e 7 29 ce RDSPSPS OSC2CLKOUT ROQTIOSQTICK ae 7 RCUTIOSICCP jee 7 RC2CCP1 i i REYSCKSCL ae C RDOPSPO aw 12 RD1PSPI 20 T e a Mesi m n go LL iD bi Q oc 26 e RCT IRA OT 35D eee ROS HICK 24 eee RCSSOO
11. r ones of the Blind person regarding his her current position Doing so we can track the movement of the Blind person in a very efficient manner REFERENCES 1 Punwilai J Noji T Kitamura The design of a voice navigation system for the blind in Negative Feelings Environ ment Communications and Information Technology ISCIT 2009 2 Kaminski L Kowalik R Lubniewski Z Stepnowski VOICE MAPS portable dedicated GIS for supporting the street navigation and self dependent movement of the blind Information Technolo gy ICIT 2010 3 Helal A Moore S E Ramachandran Drishti an integrated navigation system for visually impaired and disabled Wearable Computers 2001 4 Marsh A May M Saarelainen Pharos coupling GSM and GPS TALK technologies to provide orientation navigation and location based services for the blind Information Technology Applica tions in Biomedicine 2000 5 Raj kamal Microcontrollers Architecture Programming Interfacing and System Design Prentice Hall 6 PCB Design Tutorial David L Jones www alternatezone com http Awww alternatezone com lectronics files PCBDesignTuto rialRevA pdf 7 Muhammad Ali Mazidi Janice Gillispie Mazidi Rolin D Mckinlay the 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Prentice Hall 8 nie Data sheet Progin technology Version 1 0 ww seeedstudio com depot Amages product r 92 pdf 9 ae oing BEER RE amp Bra back Device
12. s only hex files Once the machine code is converted into a hex code that hex code has to be dumped into the microcontroller and this is done by Proteus Proteus is a programmer which itself contains a microcontroller in it other than the one which is to be programmed This microcontroller has a program in it written in such a way that it accepts the hex file from the PIC compiler and dumps this hex file into the micro controller which is to be programmed The program which is to be dumped into the microcon troller is edited compiled and executed After the suc cessful compilation of the program it is dumped into the microcontroller using a dumper IJSER 2010 4 International Journal of Scientific amp Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 1 January 2011 3 VOICE RECORDING AND WORKING PROCEDURE In this system the GPS receiver and the control buttons are the input modules to the microcontroller while the Voice module and the LED indicators are the output modules to the microcontroller Travel assistant for blind with dynamic user input for location based alerts Regulated power supply IC T _ based voice circuit Voice driver GPS L Control Crystal E circuit l Power supply LED indicators Micro controller L Figure5 system block diagram The working of the system can be divided into two phases The first phase would involve recording of the voice in the voice module For
13. the total length of sound recording to 32 seconds To tal sound recording time can be varied from 32 seconds to 60 seconds by changing the value of a single resistor The IC can operate in one of two modes serial mode and pa rallel mode In serial access mode sound can be recorded in 256 sections In parallel access mode sound can be rec orded in 2 4 or 8 sections The IC can be controlled simp ly using push button keys It is also possible to control the IC using external digital circuitry such as micro controllers and computers RI R RI R4 5V vey ioti O luF m Hi APRIGOO f RE aa A Be Ci ay 9 iuf j H ome cy 470K j RI M3 Aa a H4 a Lo o ate tbe H5 E 4 7uF NO s s fe i T My MICIN WW 4 7K a Cd MICREF E eer es CE LOOK O lur 2 bie T j 4 7K RS IK APL tO SP a F i B 16 24 44k EXTCLE Figurel circuit diagram of voice module 2 1 2 GPS Module SR 92 The GPS Module SR 92 is a low power and ultra high performance module which is perfectly suited for this system It has a 5 pin I O interface The module comes with a GPIO control pin for controlling the power This IJSER 2010 2 International Journal of Scientific amp Engineering Research Volume 2 Issue 1 January 2011 module has an upgradeable Firmware for future potential performance enhancements Specification General Tracking sensitivity 159dBm Chipset SIRF Star
14. this we have to switch ON the voice module by connecting the power supply batte ries Then using a push button and different selection buttons we record the voice Since we are using eight se lection buttons in this system we can record eight differ ent voice messages There is a simple process involved in recording these eight messages For recording a message we need to press the push button followed by the selection button While both the buttons are pressed we hear a beep sound from the speaker indicating that we can release the push but ton While still holding the selection button we can record a 5sec message When we finish recording the selection button is released In order to hear what we have recorded we just need to press and hold the corresponding selection button for lsec and the recorded message would be replayed The second phase deals with receiving the signal from the GPS receiver and actuating the voice module using the microcontroller To implement this phase we switch ON the main power supply to the microcontroller Next we show the GPS to the open sky for receiving the satel lite signal When the satellite signal is receieved by the GPS the latitude and longitude of the current location is displayed on the LCD If the data received from the GPS receiver is Active data then the yellow LED will glow if ISSN 2229 5518 the data is Void data then the red LED will glow Active data means when the GPS rece
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