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Kubuntu Desktop Guide

1. 1 1 About the Name Kubuntu is based on the Ubuntu system but with the latest KDE packages Kubuntu means towards humanity in Bemba Kubuntu is pronounced koo boon too Ubuntu is a South African ethical ideology focusing on people s allegiances and relations with each other The word comes from the Zulu and Xhosa languages Ubuntu pronounced 00 BOON too is seen as a traditional African concept is regarded as one of the founding principles of the new republic of South Africa and is connected to the idea of an African Renaissance A rough translation of the principle of Ubuntu is humanity towards others Another translation could be the belief in a universal bond of sharing that connects all humanity A person with ubuntu is open and available to others affirming of others does not feel threatened that others are able and good for he or she has a proper self assurance Introduction that comes from knowing that he or she belongs in a greater whole and is diminished when others are humiliated or diminished when others are tortured or oppressed Archbishop Desmond Tutu As a platform based on GNU Linux the Kubuntu operating system brings the spirit of ubuntu to the software world 1 2 Free Software The Kubuntu project is entirely committed to the principles of open source software development people are encouraged to use open source software improve it and pass it on This means that Kubu
2. People in this community gave rise to initiatives such as Ubuntu standards committees that shape the development of the Internet organizations like the Mozilla Foundation responsible for creating Mozilla Firefox and countless other software projects from which you ve certainly benefited in the past The spirit of open source commonly attributed to Linux is influencing software developers and users everywhere to drive communities with common goals 1 9 What is GNU The GNU Project pronounced guh noo was launched in 1984 to develop a complete UNIX style operating system which is comprised of Free Software the GNU system Variants of the GNU operating system which use the Linux kernel are now widely used though these systems are often referred to as Linux they are more accurately called GNU Linux systems The GNU project is closely linked to the philosophy of free software which is central to the projects that derive from it such as Ubuntu The concept of Free Software is explained at Section 1 2 Free Software p 10 12 Introduction 2 Getting Kubuntu There are a number of methods you may use to obtain a copy of Kubuntu all of which are described on the Kubuntu Web site download page http releases ubuntu com kubuntu The first method is to download an ISO image from a mirror server near you and make an CD to install Kubuntu Two types of CDs are available e Desktop CD the desktop
3. e other applies to all other users Inside each of the three sets of permissions are the actual permissions The permissions along with the way they apply differently to files and directories are outlined below e read files can be displayed opened directory contents can be displayed e write files can be edited or deleted directory contents can be modified e execute executable files can be run as a program directories can be entered To view and edit the permissions on files and directories open the System Menu Home Folder right click on a file or directory then select Properties The permissions are found under the Permissions tab and allow for the editing of all permission levels if you are the owner of the file Advanced permission settings such as in the Advanced Permissions tab are outside of the scope of this guide 17 Linux Basics 3 Root And Sudo The root user in GNU Linux is the user which has administrative access to your system Normal users do not have this access for security reasons However Kubuntu does not include the root user Instead administrative access is given to individual users who may use the sudo application to perform administrative tasks The first user account you created on your system during installation will by default have access to sudo You can restrict and enable sudo access to users with the Users and Groups application see Section 6 Users and Groups
4. sudo cp etc X11 xorg conf etc X11 xorg conf_backup sudo nvidia glx config enable 3 You may adjust the settings of the new driver by running the application nvidia settings see Section 1 5 Start a Program Manually p 55 If you wish add a menu entry for this program see Section 1 8 Edit K Menu p 56 4 Read Section 1 3 Restart KDE without rebooting the computer p 54 4 2 2 Disable the Nvidia Graphics Logo on Startup 1 Read Section 4 2 1 3D Nvidia Video Card Driver p 6 2 sudo cp etc X11 xorg conf etc X11 xorg conf_backup kdesu kate etc X11 xorg conf 3 Find this section Section Device Identifier NVIDIA Corporation NV11 GeForce2 MX MX 400 Driver nvidia BusID PCI 1 0 0 4 Add the following line below it Option NoLogo 5 Save the edited file an example sample xorg conf_disablenvidialogo 63 Configuring Your System 6 Read Section 1 3 Restart KDE without rebooting the computer p 54 4 2 3 3D ATI Video Card Driver 1 Install the xorg driver fglrx package from the Restricted repository see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 echo fglrx sudo tee a etc modules sudo depmod a sudo modprobe fglrx sudo cp etc X11 xorg conf etc X11 xorg conf_backup sudo sed i e s ati fglrx etc X11 xorg conf 3 If you are using an NForce2 based motherboard you will also need to do the following kdesu kat
5. p 22 for more information When you run an application that requires root privileges sudo will ask you to input your normal user password This ensures that rogue applications cannot damage your system and serves as a reminder that you are about to perform administrative actions which require you to be careful To use sudo when using the command line simply type sudo before the command you wish to run Sudo will then prompt you for your password Sudo will remember your password for a set amount of time 15 minutes by default This feature was designed to allow users to perform multiple administrative tasks without being asked for a password each time Q Be careful when doing administrative tasks you might damage your system Some other tips for using sudo e To use a root terminal type sudo i at the command line e The entire group of default graphical configuration tools in Kubuntu already uses sudo so you will be prompted for your password if needed using kdesu which is a graphical frontend to sudo e For more information on the sudo program and the absence of a root user in Kubuntu read the sudo page https wiki ubuntu com RootSudo on the Ubuntu wiki 3 1 Start a Program Manually with Root Privileges Sometimes it is necessary to run a program with root privileges This is easy to do with the Run Command dialog O Please be careful while running applications with root privileges as you may damage
6. Adept can be started from the K menu system or the command line In order to start Adept you will be required to provide your password To start Adept from the menu system select K Menu System Adept Package Manager To start Adept from the command line kdesu adept Both methods require that you enter your password This will run Adept with root privileges which will be required in order to perform the requested operations It is therefore advised that you use Adept with caution since improper usage could lead to the removal deletion or corruption of software packages that are required to preserve system integrity For more help with using Adept please refer to the Adept Handbook help adept index html 26 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 4 APT APT Advanced Packaging Tool is a powerful package management system on which the graphical programs Add Remove Programs and Adept are based APT automatically handles dependencies and performs other operations on system packages to allow the installation of the desired packages Running APT requires administrative privileges see Section 3 Root And Sudo p 18 Some common commands that can be used with APT e Install packages sudo apt get install packagename e Remove packages sudo apt get remove packagename e Search for packages apt cache search keyword e Retrieve new lists of available packages sudo apt get update e Upgr
7. What are Repositories There are thousands of programs freely available to install on Kubuntu These programs are stored in software archives repositories and are made available for installation over the Internet This makes it very easy to install new programs in Linux and it is also very secure because each program you install is built specially for Kubuntu and checked before it is installed To organize the software Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups Main Restricted Universe and Multiverse The rationale used to determine which software goes into which category 1s based on two factors e The level of support software development teams provide for a program e The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy http www ubuntu com ubuntu philosophy You can find more information about the Repositories available on the Ubuntu website http www ubuntu com ubuntu components The standard Kubuntu Install CD contains some software from the Main and Restricted categories Once your system is made aware of the Internet based locations for these repositories many more programs are made available for installation Using the software package management tools already installed on your system you can search for install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet without the need for the CD 6 2 Removing the CD ROM Repository The Kubuntu Install CD ROM is included in
8. and FastTrack networks This makes installing applications like Limewire redundant 1 Install Apollon and gift packages from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Configure the giFT daemon by opening a Konsole and run the command gift setup and follow the instructions on the screen Make sure you enable the OpenFT and Gnutella plugins by typing OpenFT Gnutella in the plugin section See the following files for examples 1 SHOME giFT giftd conf sample giftd conf 2 HOME giFT OpenFT OpenFT conf sample OpenFT conf 3 HOME giFT Gnutella Gnutella conf sample Gnutella conf 45 Common Tasks 6 Office 6 1 OpenOffice org Suite OpenOffice org is a suite of applications to support word processing presentations spreadsheets drawing and complex math documents The suite is the open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office Suite For details about the OpenOffice org visit the OpenOffice org homepage http www openoffice org 1 Open Office Writer is a fully featured word processor similar to Microsoft Word that can create simple or complex documents Writer can open most Microsoft Word documents and can save in the doc format OpenOffice org Writer can be launched from K Menu Office gt OpenOffice org Writer 2 OpenOffice org Impress is the functional equivalent of PowerPoint and provides the capability to create slide presentations Most Pow
9. Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 After installation it can be launched from K Menu Internet Firefox Web Browser from the desktop menu system Mozilla Firefox has many Extensions available Konqueror on the other is much more tightly integrated into KDE 5 3 1 Macromedia Flash for Konqueror The following instructions are only for i386 computers 1 To view flash graphics from the Konqueror web browser you need to install the flashplugin nonfree package from the Multiverse repository see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 To download and install the plugin enter the following command in a terminal sudo update flashplugin 3 The plug in will be available the next time you start Konqueror 5 3 2 How do I change Konqueror back to the default KDE profiles Kubuntu comes with a simplified Konqueror profile to make things more user friendly compared to default KDE To get back to the default KDE profiles L Open a terminal by choosing K Menu gt System Konsole Terminal Program from the desktop menu system 2 Execute the following commands sudo rm r usr share kubuntu default settings kde profile default share apps konqueror sudo cp usr share apps konqueror konqueror orig rc usr share apps konqueror konqueror rc 5 4 Email The Kontact groupware suite can handle all your email contacts calendar events todo lists newsgroups notes and R
10. CD allows you to try Kubuntu without changing your computer at all and at your option to install it permanently later This type of CD is what most people will want to use e Text mode install CD the text mode install CD allows you to perform certain specialist installations of Kubuntu This type of CD is intended for cases such as creating pre configured OEM systems or setting up automated deployments 1t can also be used as a package source for upgrading older installations If you don t have a CD burner or you have limited or expensive bandwidth we can send you pressed copies of the Desktop CD free of charge You may request CDs via Shipit http shipit ubuntu com the Ubuntu CD Distribution System Q Ordered CDs may take several weeks to leave the warehouse before being shipped and can take several months to arrive Another method of obtaining Kubuntu is to join a local Linux Users Group LUG and ask if somebody with Kubuntu would mind making a Kubuntu CD for you Normally you will have to replace the CDs used for the duplication and reimburse any postage or delivery costs If you do not know of an LUG near you a list can be found at Linux Users Groups Worldwide http lugww counter li org 13 Introduction 3 Getting Help There are a number of places from which you can obtain help with your Kubuntu desktop system these include 3 1 KDE Help Center Kubuntu comes with a inbuilt help system
11. Kopete is the default instant messenger client in Kubuntu With Kopete you can talk to people who use AIM ICQ Gadu Gadu Groupwise IRC Jabber MSN SMS and Yahoo The ability to use one client instead of one per network is a great benefit and allows you to have all of your buddies in one window To start Kopete choose K menu Internet gt Kopete Instant Messenger from the desktop menu system 5 7 2 Konversation Konversation is a client for the Internet Relay Chat IRC protocol It has a clean and easy to use interface To start Konversation choose K menu Internet gt Konversation Instant Messenger from the desktop menu system 5 8 Peer To Peer 5 8 1 BitTorrent No default bit torrent capability is installed with Kubuntu However you may install Ktorrent from the universe repositories Be sure that the universe repository is enabled and download it via Adept See Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 5 8 2 aMule File Sharing Client aMule is a peer to peer P2P application for the ed2k network from which you can download a variety of files 1 Install the amule package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories Ip 29 2 To open aMule choose K menu Internet gt amule from the desktop menu system 44 Common Tasks 5 8 3 Apollon Apollon is an easy to use peer to peer client for the KDE Desktop It supports the Gnutella OpenFT
12. Kubuntu includes a number of carefully selected packages from the Debian distribution and retains its powerful package management system which allows easy installation and clean removal of programs Unlike most distributions that ship with a large amount of software that may or may not be of use Kubuntu s list of packages is reduced to a number of important applications of high quality By focusing on quality Kubuntu produces a robust and feature rich computing environment that is suitable for use in both home and commercial environments The project takes the time required to focus on finer details and is able to release a version featuring the latest and greatest of today s software once every 6 months Kubuntu is available in flavors for the 1386 386 486 Pentium I IIV TV and Athlon Duron Sempron processors x86_64 Athlon64 Opteron and new 64 bit Intel processors and PowerPC iBook Powerbook G4 and G5 architectures 10 Introduction 1 4 Long Term Support Every Kubuntu release is supported for at least 18 months with security and other updates Kubuntu 6 06 1 LTS is a special enterprise ready release and is supported for 3 years on the desktop and 5 years on the server The development process of Kubuntu 6 06 1 LTS was slightly longer than usual to concentrate on a number of areas e Quality Assurance e Localisation e Certification As a result it will be possible to rely on Kubuntu 6 06 1 LTS for a longer perio
13. Tasks 4 Burning and Ripping CDs DVDs 4 1 Burning a Photo or Data CD DVD 1 2 Launch k3b by choosing K Menu Multimedia gt k3b CD and DVD Burning Follow the steps to burn a data CD http docs kde org stable en extragear multimedia k3b cdcopyhowto html Offline Help help k3b cdcopyhowto html in the K3B handbook 4 2 Burning an Audio CD DVD 1 If you want to burn mp3 files into audio CDs you will need to install the libk3b2 mp3 package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Launch k3b by choosing K Menu Multimedia gt k3b CD and DVD Burning Follow the steps to burn an audio CD http docs kde org stable en extragear multimedia k3b audiocdcdreating html Offline Help help k3b audiocdcdreating html in the K3B handbook 4 3 Rip a DVD with K3B 1 Install the following packages transcode libxvidcore4 SOX mjpegtools toolame libdvdread from the Universe and Multiverse repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Launch k3b by choosing K Menu Multimedia gt k3b CD and DVD Burning Follow the steps to Rip a DVD and Encode it http docs kde org stable en extragear multimedia k3b howtos html videointroduction Offline Help help k3b howtos html videointroduction in the K3B handbook 4 4 Generate MD5 Checksum files To save the md5sum of file iso to a file run md5sum file iso gt file i
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16. editor that can edit the metadata on your OGG and other music files Please see the amaroK handbook http docs kde org stable en extragear multimedia amarok index html Offline Help help amarok index html for details on how to edit the metadata 1 4 Using your iPod You can play music directly off your iPod with AmaroK Simply plug your iPod into the computer and open AmaroK To transfer music files to and from an iPod you can use AmaroK as well Please see the amaroK handbook http docs kde org stable en extragear multimedia amarok index html Offline Help help amarok index html on how to manage media files in your iPod 1 5 Edit Audio Files Audacity is a free open source software for recording and editing sounds To use Audacity 34 Common Tasks Install the audacity package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 To run Audacity choose K Menu Multimedia gt Audacity For further help about using Audacity consult the program s help by choosing Help Contents 35 Common Tasks 2 Video Many video formats can be played in Kubuntu using free codecs found in the repositories This includes formats such as MPEG and other common video formats To install further codec support see Section 3 Multimedia Codecs p 3 In Kubuntu videos can be played with the Kaffeine Media Player Some features of Kaffeine include custom playlists DVD
17. key is to be held down while pressing the second key vi About This Guide 2 Contributing and Feedback This book is developed by the Ubuntu Documentation Team https wiki ubuntu com DocumentationTeam You can contribute to this document by sending ideas or comments to the Ubuntu Documentation Team mailing list Information about the team its mailing lists projects etc can be found on the Ubuntu Documentation Team Website https wiki ubuntu com DocumentationTeam If you see a problem with this document or would like to make a suggestion you can simply file a bug report at the Ubuntu Bugtracker https launchpad net products ubuntu doc bugs Your help is vital to the success of our documentation Many thanks Your Ubuntu Documentation Team vii Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter provides some background information about Kubuntu obtaining Kubuntu and finding help with Kubuntu Introduction 1 About Kubuntu Thank you for your interest in Kubuntu 6 06 1 LTS the Dapper Drake release Kubuntu is an entirely open source operating system built around the Linux kernel The Kubuntu community is built around the ideals enshrined in the Ubuntu Philosophy http www ubuntu com ubuntu philosophy that software should be available free of charge that software tools should be usable by people in their local language and despite any disabilities and that people should have the freedom to customize
18. lists files in different colors with full formatted text Create Directories mkdir directory name The mkdir MaKeDIRectory command will create a directory Change Directories cd directory location The cd Change Directory command will change from your current directory to any directory you specify Copy Files Directories cp file or directory name to directory or filename The cp CoPy command will copy any files you specify The cp r command will copy any directories you specify Remove Files Directories rm file or directory name The rm ReMove command will delete any filename you specify The rm r command will remove any directory you specify and all its contents Move Rename Files Directories mv file or directory name The mv MoVe command will move rename any file or directory you specify Find Files Directories locate file or directory name The locate command will search for any filename you specify It uses an index of the files on your system to work quickly To update this index run the command sudo updatedb This command is run automatically each day if you leave your computer on It needs to be run with administrative privileges see Section 3 Root And Sudo p 18 19 Linux Basics You can also use wildcards to match one or more files such as for all files or to match one character 4 3 Switch to Console mode The usual method of command line acces
19. playback and more You can start Kaffeine by clicking K Menu gt Multimedia gt Kaffeine Media Player 2 1 DVD Playback The legal status of this library is not fully clear In some countries it is possible that the use of this library to play or copy DVDs is not permitted by law Verify that you are within your rights in using it The movie players provided in Kubuntu are capable of reading DVDs that are not encrypted However most commercial DVDs are encrypted with CSS Content Scrambling System and currently for legal reasons it is not possible to include support for these DVDs in Kubuntu However it is possible to enable support as follows 1 Install the libdvdread3 package see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 You will need to use Adept Package Manager to install this package 2 Type the following command into a terminal prompt sudo usr share doc libdvdread3 examples install css sh 2 2 RealPlayer 10 1 Install the libstdc 5 package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 You will need to use Adept Package Manager to install this package 2 Download the Realplayer package from here ftp ftp nerim net debian marillat pool main r realplay realplayer_10 0 6 0 0_1386 deb only if you have a i386 machine Debian packages are not available for PowerPC or AMD64 architectures However you can try to see if a player is available on the Helix Player https
20. player helixcommunity org Community Site 3 Install the package you have downloaded see Section 5 1 Install Uninstall deb files p 28 To run Real Player 10 choose K Menu Multimedia RealPlayer 10 Media Player 36 Common Tasks 2 3 Video Editing Kino is an advanced video editor It features excellent integration with IEEE 1394 Firewire for capture VTR control and recording back of the camera It captures video to disk in Raw DV and AVI format in both type 1 DV and type 2 DV separate audio stream encoding For more information see the Kino website http www kinodv org article static 2 To use 1t 1 Install the kino package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 Torun Kino choose Applications gt Sound amp Video Kino Video Editor 37 Common Tasks 3 Multimedia Codecs Codecs for playing non free formats are not included in Kubuntu by default You can get support for the extra codecs by installing the libxine extracodecs package from the Multiverse repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 O Some of these packages may not be permitted in some countries you should verify that you are permitted to use them before installing them Due to patent and copyright restrictions some codecs are not included at all in Kubuntu For more information on these go to https wiki ubuntu com RestrictedFormats 38 Common
21. system tray 31 Chapter 4 Common Tasks This chapter contains information on common tasks that you might want to perform on your computer 32 Common Tasks 1 Music 1 1 Playing Audio CDs When you insert an Audio CD into Kubuntu the system will recognize it mount it and start the KDE Daemon Choose Play to start playing the CDs in KSCD If you are connected to the Internet KSCD will retrieve the CD artist title and track data from freedb org http freedb org You can also retrieve information from other sources by clicking on the Extras To start KSCD manually choose K Menu Multimedia gt KsCD CDPlayer To play the CD click the Play button To play a particular track select the track from the drop down list at the top 1 2 Ripping Audio CDs 1 When you insert an Audio CD into Kubuntu the system will recognize it mount it and start the KDE Daemon Choose Extract and Encode audio tracks to launch KaudioCreator 2 To start KaudioCreator manually choose K Menu Multimedia gt KAudioCreator CD Ripper from the desktop menu system 3 Inside KaudioCreator you will be greeted with the list of songs in order of their track number If the CD you are ripping is an original CD not a mix back up disk then most of the song titles should be detected automatically if you are connected to the Internet If not click the disk in the top left hand corner to try again 4 Select what tracks
22. the reader to potential problems and helps avoid them Q A warning advises the reader of a hazard that may arise in a given scenario Cross reference conventions for print will be displayed as follows e Links to other documents or websites will look like this http www ubuntu com PDF HTML and XHTML versions of this document will use hyperlinks to handle cross referencing Type conventions will be displayed as follows e File names or paths to directories will be shown in monospace e Commands that you type at a Terminal command prompt will be shown as command to type e Options that you click select or choose in a user interface will be shown in monospace type Menu selections mouse actions and keyboard short cuts A sequence of menu selections will be displayed as follows File Open e Mouse actions shall assume a right handed mouse configuration The terms click and double click refer to using the left mouse button The term right click refers to using the right mouse button The term middle click refers to using the middle mouse button pressing down on the scroll wheel or pressing both the left and right buttons simultaneously based on the design of your mouse e Keyboard shortcut combinations will be displayed as follows Ctrl N Where the conventions for Control Shift and Alternate keys will be Ctrl Shift and Alt respectively and shall mean the first
23. this license document but changing it 1s not allowed Version 1 2 November 2002 PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual textbook or other functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it with or without modifying it either commercially or noncommercially Secondarily this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others This License is a kind of copyleft which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense It complements the GNU General Public License which is a copyleft license designed for free software We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software because free software needs free documentation a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does But this License is not limited to software manuals it can be used for any textual work regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work in any medium that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License Such a
24. your system See Section 3 Root And Sudo p 1 for more details 1 Open the Run Command dialog by typing Alt F2 2 Enter the name of the program you wish to run prefixed with kdesu and press Enter For example to launch the file manager Konqueror with root privileges type kdesu konqueror 18 Linux Basics 4 Terminal Working at the command line is not as daunting a task as you would think There is no special knowledge needed to use the command line as it is a program like everything else Most things in Linux can be done using the command line Although there are graphical tools for most programs sometimes they are just not enough This is where the command line comes in handy The terminal is often called the command prompt or the shell In days gone by this was the way the user interacted with the computer however Linux users have found that the use of the shell can be quicker than a graphical method and still holds some merit today Here you will learn how to use the terminal The original use of the terminal was as a file browser and indeed it is still used as a file browser You can use the terminal as a file browser to navigate your files and undo the changes that have been made 4 1 Starting the Terminal The Konsole can be started by choosing K menu System Konsole Terminal Program from the Desktop menu system 4 2 Common Commands View Directories Is The ls LiSt
25. 1t right away turn off NumLock and restart KDE see Section 1 3 Restart KDE without rebooting the computer p sq 1 7 Handle help links in Firefox You may want to be able to open the help protocol from within Firefox L Start Firefox by choosing K Menu gt Internet Firefox 2 Type about config in the address bar 3 Right click on the list select New Boolean Type network protocol handler external help as Preference Name and true as Value 4 Right click again on the list select New gt String Type network protocol handler app help as Preference Name and khelpcenter as Value 55 Configuring Your System 1 8 Edit K Menu Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor so you can customize your menus and add entries for applications that don t automatically appear after they are installed To add a new menu entry 1 Open KDE Menu Editor by right clicking on K menu and choosing Menu Editor 2 In KDE Menu Editor s left hand pane choose the submenu the new entry should appear in 3 Choose File gt New Item In the New Item window choose a Name Then add the Description Comment and Command Select the icon by clicking on Icon The Command will usually be the package name Name is what will appear on the menu and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that appears near the menu entry Icons are chosen from usr share pixmaps directory by default or can be chosen from anywhere in yo
26. ER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE Table of Contents ADout A ER RRA v l Conventions sce n re e EE E EE EEEE E REEE vi 2 Contributine and Feedback veces mege n a ted leben an ae da vil 1y IntrodtictiOnirss 5 2c5 ssiceassdactgepsctsteasssadelagscboneabad att a rae ai erre apaa Tea brei 8 1 About Kubuntu ssis riiin ire EE EES ESTC ESVE eii 9 22 Getting K ub nt naaar ees a av e E REE E AE EE R Minin eels eee 13 3 Getting Help ntc dr o ra dea 14 2 CINU BASICS cri A A ae eee 15 1 Directories and File Systems 21 sc isscchssessoissseseossalarieiseses sect apivieisgsessbbeavebivesuavedectins 16 2 PELMISSIONS aie rsen wee e Peri IESE er ee caespidebdadhbccddasdetetdecndvecdeshacebdashavedansdocesdeanses 17 3 Root And SUdO torcncs hated ctsedees avackhantcnee NI io avec has etenee ass 18 4 Terminal A AA A is 19 De Text Bain 8 ut indi 21 6 Users andGroups t crdssatbnensngneneecstetead stncthdadcsepeatsatetagssaotbabetgottduscasepatecacebagsstoueesads 22 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 00 0 0 eeeeeceeecececeeecececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeens 23 1 Introduction coa ks essen See ob E Ee a lada Tere a 24 2 Add Remove Propramse c2sev c ccsc s 0 ii dci 25 3 Adept Package Manager winre ace tent aee seb aed oda 26 7 APD isc dl cdi laos 27 Manual Installation aora f
27. Kubuntu Desktop Guide Ubuntu Documentation Project lt ubuntu docOlists ubuntu com gt Kubuntu Desktop Guide by Ubuntu Documentation Project lt ubuntu doc Olists ubuntu com gt Copyright O 2004 2005 2006 Canonical Ltd and members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project Abstract The Kubuntu Desktop Guide aims to explain to the reader how to configure and use the Kubuntu desktop Credits and License The following Ubuntu Documentation Team authors maintain this document Venkat Raghavan The following people have also have contributed to this document Brian Burger Naaman Campbell e Milo Casagrande e Matthew East Korky Kathman e Francois LeBlanc Ken Minardo Robert Stoffers The Kubuntu Desktop Guide is based on the original work of e Chua Wen Kiat Tomas Zijdemans Abdullah Ramazanoglu e Christoph Haas Alexander Poslavsky Enrico Zini e Johnathon Hornbeck e Nick Loeve Kevin Muligan e Niel Tallim Matt Galvin Sean Wheller This document is made available under a dual license strategy that includes the GNU Free Documentation License GFDL and the Creative Commons ShareAlike 2 0 License CC BY SA You are free to modify extend and improve the Ubuntu documentation source code under the terms of these licenses All derivative works must be released under either or both of these licenses This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WAR
28. PostScript or PDF designed for human modification Examples of transparent image formats include PNG XCF and JPG Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors SGML or XML for which the DTD and or processing tools are not generally available and the machine generated HTML PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only The Title Page means for a printed book the title page itself plus such following pages as are needed to hold legibly the material this License requires to appear in the title page For works in formats which do not have any title page as such Title Page means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work s title preceding the beginning of the body of the text 75 GNU Free Documentation License A section Entitled XYZ means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below such as Acknowledgements Dedications Endorsements or History To Preserve the Title of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section Entitled XYZ according to this definition The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document These Warranty Disclaimers are consid
29. RANTY without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AS DESCRIBED IN THE DISCLAIMER Copies of these licenses are available in the appendices section of this book Online versions can be found at the following URLs e GNU Free Documentation License http www gnu org copyleft fdl html e Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 http creativecommons org licenses by sa 2 0 Disclaimer Every effort has been made to ensure that the information compiled in this publication is accurate and correct However this does not guarantee complete accuracy Neither Canonical Ltd the authors nor translators shall be held liable for possible errors or the consequences thereof Some of the software and hardware descriptions cited in this publication may be registered trademarks and may thus fall under copyright restrictions and trade protection laws In no way do the authors make claim to any such names THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETH
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31. SS Atom feeds Kontact can be launched by clicking K Menu gt Office gt Personal Information Manager Kontact from the desktop menu system Alternatively the Mozilla Thunderbird email client is available To install this popular email client install the mozilla thunderbird package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 42 Common Tasks To start Thunderbird choose K Menu Internet Thunderbird Mail Client from the desktop menu system 5 4 1 Change the preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird l Choose K Menu gt System Settings gt User Account 2 In the User Account click the Preferred Applications and click the Email Client and select the Use a different email client option 3 Inthe Use a different email client text box type mozilla thunderbird s then click Apply to save your settings 5 5 News Readers 5 5 1 Akregator Feed Reader Akregator is a fast and intuitive feed reader program which is installed by default in Kubuntu Akregator can be launched as a standalone application by choosing K menu Internet gt Akregator RSS Feed Reader from the Desktop Menu System Akregator is also available as a Kontact Component Launch Kontact by choosing K menu Office gt Kontact Personal Information Manager from the Desktop Menu System Click the Feeds button on the sidebar at the left to access and configure the News Reader 5 5 2 Knod
32. Section 1 4 Preventing the Ctrl Alt Backspace shortcut keys from restarting X p 54 to disable Ctrl Alt Backspace 1 4 Preventing the Ctrl Alt Backspace shortcut keys from restarting X 1 Make a backup copy of your existing etc X11 xorg conf file 54 Configuring Your System sudo cp etc Xx11 xorg conf etc X11 xorg conf_backup 2 Open etc X11 xorg conf for editing kdesu kate etc X11 xorg conf 3 Add the following lines to the end of the file Section ServerFlags Option DontZap yes EndSection 4 Save the edited file an example sample xorg conf_disablectrlaltbackspacegnome 5 The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE If you want the change to take effect immediately restart KDE manually See Section 1 3 Restart KDE without rebooting the computer p 54 1 5 Start a Program Manually Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually for example when the program does not have an entry in the menu This is easy to do with the Run Command dialog 1 Open the Run Command dialog by typing Alt F2 2 Enter the name of the program you wish to run and press Enter 1 6 Automatically turn on Num Lock when KDE starts 1 K Menu gt System Setting Keyboard 2 Under the NumLock on KDE Startup enable the Turn On checkbox Click on Apply to save your settings The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE If you want to test
33. accelerated 3D drivers installed for your video card For more information see Section 4 Hardware p 6 1 Install the planetpenguin racer package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To start PlanetPenguin Racer choose K Menu gt Games Arcade PlanetPenguin Racer 8 3 Scorched3D Scorched3D is a 3D remake of Worms Scorched Earth Ensure you have hardware accelerated 3D drivers installed for your video card For more z information see Section 4 Hardware p 6 1 Install the scorched3d package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To start Scorched3D choose K Menu gt Games gt Arcade gt Scorched 3d 8 4 Suggested Games The following is a list of games that fellow Kubuntu users suggest All of them are available for installation using the Adept Package Manager from the Universe repository See Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 e armagetron 3D Tron like high speed game e wesnoth fantasy turn based strategy game e neverball 3D arcade games neverball and neverputt e atlantik KDE client for Monopoly like network games e kdegames A package containing several small and addicting games 49 Common Tasks e freeciv Civilization turn based strategy game e bzflag a 3D first person tank battle game There are also two classic text based dungeon crawl game
34. ade system with available updates sudo apt get dist upgrade e List further commands and options apt get help Q For further information about the use of APT you can read the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual http www debian org doc user manuals apt howto 27 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 5 Manual Installation Although the preferred method of installing programs is via the package managers described in Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 you can also download and install individual package files containing software There are many different kinds of Linux package files Most of these are associated with the package managers of specific Linux distributions If you find a packaged application that you wish to install it is recommended that you check if there is a native Kubuntu package of the application available through a package manager and that you install that version instead This guarantees that the program is completely compatible with your system If there is no package available through the package manager you can install it manually The installation procedure depends on the type of package file 5 1 Install Uninstall deb files The package files associated with Kubuntu have the deb suffix because of Kubuntu s close relation to the Debian GNU Linux distribution You can download and install individual deb files You will need administrative privileges to d
35. and alter their software in whatever way they see fit For those reasons e Kubuntu will always be free of charge and there is no extra fee for the enterprise edition we make our very best work available to everyone on the same Free terms e Kubuntu includes the very best in translations and accessibility infrastructure that the Free Software community has to offer to make Kubuntu usable for as many people as possible e Kubuntu is released regularly and predictably a new release is made every six months You can use the current stable release or explore the current development release Each release is supported for at least 18 months e Kubuntu is entirely committed to the principles of open source software development we encourage people to use open source software improve it and pass it on The Kubuntu community is comprised of developers programmers testers tech writers documentation testers translators and most importantly the people who use Kubuntu every day We invite you to join this community and help make Kubuntu the operating system you your family your friends and your colleagues will love to use Help us translate Kubuntu into your language try it on new and unusual hardware improve the experience of other users with hints tips and FAQs or help to shape the direction Kubuntu is headed by providing feedback about the software you love most Find out more at the Kubuntu website http www kubuntu org
36. cation from You This License may not be modified without the mutual written agreement of the Licensor and You Creative Commons is not a party to this License and makes no warranty whatsoever in connection with the Work Creative Commons will not be liable to You or any party on any legal theory for any damages whatsoever including without limitation any general special incidental or consequential damages arising in connection to this license Notwithstanding the foregoing two 2 sentences if Creative Commons has expressly identified itself as the Licensor hereunder it shall have all rights and obligations of Licensor Except for the limited purpose of indicating to the public that the Work is licensed under the CCPL neither party will use the trademark Creative Commons or any related trademark or logo of Creative Commons without the prior written consent of Creative Commons Any permitted use will be in compliance with Creative Commons then current trademark usage guidelines as may be published on its website or otherwise made available upon request from time to time Creative Commons may be contacted at http creativecommons org 73 Appendix B GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 2 November 2002 Copyright O 2000 2001 2002 Free Software Foundation Inc Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin St Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of
37. community e Kubuntu Homepage http www kubuntu org Get the latest news about Kubuntu For more information visit the How to Get Help https wiki ubuntu com HowToGetHelp wiki page 14 Chapter 2 Linux Basics This chapter introduces you to basic concepts which are useful to when getting started with a Kubuntu system 15 Linux Basics 1 Directories and File Systems In Linux and Unix everything is a file Directories are files files are files and devices are files Devices are usually referred to as nodes however they are still files Linux and Unix file systems are organized in a hierarchical tree like structure The highest level of the file system is the or root directory All other files and directories exist under the root directory For example home jebediah cheeses odt shows the correct full path to the cheeses oat file that exists in the jebediah directory which is under the home directory which in turn is under the root directory Underneath the root directory is a set of important directories common to most Linux distributions The following is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root directory e bin important binary applications e boot boot configuration files kernels and other files needed at boot time e dev the device files e etc configuration files startup scripts etc e home home directories for different users e ini
38. d in June 2006 so its version number is 6 06 1 LTS 1 7 Backing and Support Kubuntu is maintained by a quickly growing community The project is sponsored by Canonical Ltd http www canonical com a holding company founded by Mark Shuttleworth Canonical employs the core Ubuntu developers and offers support and consulting services for Ubuntu Canonical Ltd also sponsors a number of other open source software projects more information about which can be found on the Canonical website http www canonical com 11 Introduction 1 8 What is Linux The Linux kernel http www kernel org pronounced lee nucks is the heart of the Kubuntu operating system A kernel is an important part of any operating system providing the communication bridge between hardware and software Linux was brought to life in 1991 by a Finnish student named Linus Torvalds At the time it would run only on 1386 systems and was essentially an independently created clone of the UNIX kernel intended to take advantage of the then new 1386 architecture Nowadays thanks to a substantial amount of development effort by people all around the world Linux runs on virtually every modern architecture The Linux kernel has gained an ideological importance as well as a technical one There is an entire community of people who believe in the ideals of Free Software and spend their time helping to make open source technology as good as it can be
39. d than usual Therefore this release of Kubuntu is referred to as LTS or Long Term Support 1 5 The Desktop The default desktop environment for Kubuntu is KDE http www kde org a leading UNIX and Linux desktop suite and development platform Another leading UNIX and Linux desktop is Gnome http www gnome org Kubuntu does not make use of the Gnome desktop by default However the Ubuntu http www ubuntu com project offers Kubuntu users a choice between these two excellent desktop environments Thanks to the efforts of the Ubuntu team Kubuntu users are able to install and use the Gnome desktop easily on their system The Gnome desktop can be found in and downloaded from the main Ubuntu archive The easiest way to get a working install of Ubuntu is sudo apt get install ubuntu desktop This will install the different packages required and set everything up correctly After everything is installed one can choose which environment to use either KDE or Gnome 1 6 Version and Release Numbers The Kubuntu version numbering scheme is based on the date we release a version of the distribution The version number comes from the year and month of the release rather than reflecting the actual revision of the software So our first release Hoary Hedgehog was in April 2005 so its version was 5 04 The second release Breezy Badger was in October 2005 so its version number was 5 10 This version Dapper Drake was release
40. e etc X11 xorg conf 199 Change Section Device add the following line Option UseInternalAGPGART no 4 Restart your machine for changes to take effect 4 3 Wireless Cards Many wireless cards are automatically detected by Kubuntu during installation A complete listing of wireless cards which work with Kubuntu can be found on the Ubuntu Wiki https wiki ubuntu com HardwareSupportComponents WirelessNetworkCards Please add your wireless card to the list if it works with Kubuntu Some cards may not work out of the box with Kubuntu If this is the case please look at the Wireless Troubleshooting Guide https wik1 ubuntu com WirelessTroubleshootingGuide on the Ubuntu Wiki which is an excellent resource for troubleshooting wireless cards All information regarding wireless networking on Kubuntu is collected at Wireless Networking Central https wiki ubuntu com WifiDocs on the Ubuntu Wiki 4 3 1 List Wireless Devices 1 To list PCI devices lspci v 2 To list USB devices lsusb v 4 4 Configuring Keyboard 4 4 1 Change Keyboard Shortcuts You might want to modify the default keyboard shortcuts in Kubuntu To do so choose K Menu gt System Settings Regional amp Accessibility from the desktop menu system Select Keyboard Shortcuts button to modify your keyboard shortcuts 64 Configuring Your System 4 4 2 Multiple Keyboard Layouts You may want to have access to
41. e News Reader The default newsreader for Kubuntu applications is in the Kontact application It provides the capability to install and download your favorite newsgroups and manage their content However the news reader component is not installed by default 1 Install the knode package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Launch Kontact by choosing K menu Office gt Kontact Personal Information Manager from the Desktop Menu System 3 Click the News button on the sidebar at the left to access and configure the News Reader 5 6 Web Development 5 6 1 Quanta Plus Quanta Plus is a powerful editor for web designers and programmers Quanta Plus supports many programming and markup languages and includes many utilities for designers and programmers 1 Install the Quanta Plus package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 43 Common Tasks 2 To start Quanta Plus choose K Menu Development gt Web Development gt Quanta Plus Web Development Environment 5 6 2 NVU Web Authoring System NVU is a WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get graphical web design application similar to Dreamweaver 1 Install the nvu package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To start Nvu choose K Menu Development Nvu from the desktop menu system 5 7 Chat 5 7 1 Kopete
42. e new one 24 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 2 Add Remove Programs Add Remove Programs is a simple graphical way of installing and removing applications in Kubuntu To launch Add Remove Programs choose K Menu Add Remove Programs from the desktop menu system Running Add Remove Programs requires administrative privileges see Section 3 Root a And Sudo p 18 To install new applications select the category on the left then check the box of the applications you want to install Click Apply and your chosen programs will be downloaded and installed automatically as well as installing any additional applications that are required The default selection is restricted to the KDE suite but GNOME applications can be installed by selecting them from the dropdown menu at the top Alternatively if you know the name of the program you want use the Search tool at the top Software from additional repositories may be installed by enabling the Show unsupported and Show proprietary software checkboxes if they are enabled in your repository list For more information see see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 25 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 3 Adept Package Manager Adept is a graphical frontend to the APT package management system for the K Desktop Environment KDE Adept provides an easy to use interface with which users can perform software management operations
43. eiss iria setae cote italia titans eat es cee 28 6 Managing Repositories oocococnconcnonooonononono nono nonononono nono no nono no nono no nono no nono no nono e i 29 de Updates iii ii diia ii Bide dee a dias idilio 31 4 COMMON Fake dde 32 NN 33 LAN a dd todo iii 36 3 Multimedia Codecs cece efile iia aaa ie es dbase suvelige se didas 38 4 Burning and Ripping CDs DVDS ococccnnnnnnnnonononnnononononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnos 39 A EE AE E N E ET E an ibe Ea a EE E NE E 41 O 46 da Graphics amp Dra wine au A AA e A Ai 48 Bi AMOS scr di ia Li dd id 49 NA NI 51 5 Configuring Y our System ii a A A A a a 53 1 Desktop Tricks citada ds tdi 54 De A RI 58 3s Partitions and BOONE taichsvecasactencateds tepesded adatons ee connate cia teta dao e eae coteus Pete 59 4 Hard Wate 1 cies ce p dein Dts dane ieee ie a tiata eain a cade doen Uo de daveb ec dee AASE e erat aE e a ia 63 NS NE 67 A Creative Commons by Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 0 eee eeececececeeeeeeeceeeeeseeeeeeeenens 69 B GNU Free Documentation License coccccncnononononononononononononononononononononononononononinenenenecenes 74 1v About This Guide About This Guide 1 Conventions The following notes will be used throughout the book A note presents interesting sometimes technical pieces of information related to the surrounding discussion Q A tip offers advice or an easier way of doing something A A caution alerts
44. ements made by any one entity If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of you may not add another but you may replace the old one on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one The author s and publisher s of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version COMBINING DOCUMENTS You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License under the terms defined in section 4 p 77 above for modified versions provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents unmodified and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers The combined work need only contain one copy of this License and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it in 78 GNU Free Documentation License parentheses the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known or else a unique number Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sect
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46. ent and click the word universe Edit the entry so that it reads universe multiverse Right click the line and select Enable to enable it if it is not already enabled Adding this repository will mean that software which has been classified as non free will be available to install on your system This software may not be permitted in some jurisdictions When installing each package from this repository you should verify that the laws of your country permit you to use it Again this software may not include security updates Click Apply to save your changes and then exit using Close 30 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 7 Updates Sometimes the Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and packages within the Kubuntu system When these updates are available Kubuntu will inform you with a red warning icon in the system tray To update your system click the red button enter your password and click Fetch List of Updates The Adept Updater program will list the available updates to download and install these updates click Apply Updates Kubuntu will then download and install the available updates from the Internet When Adept Updater has finished updating your system close the pop up window by clicking the Quit button After installing some important updates 1t may be necessary to restart your computer If so Kubuntu will inform you with a pop up and an icon in your
47. erPoint files may be opened and edited in Impress OpenOffice org Impress can be launched from K Menu Office OpenOffice org Impress 3 OpenOffice org Calc is a fully featured spreadsheet program with similar functions found in Microsoft Excel The module supports multiple spreadsheets built in functions and can read most Microsoft Excel documents OpenOffice org Calc can be launched from K Menu Office gt OpenOffice org Calc 4 OpenOffice org Draw provides complex functionality to allow the creation of drawings diagrams charts and other business presentations The program is object oriented and allows for layering of various panes of work OpenOffice org Draw can be launched from K Menu Office gt OpenOffice org Draw 5 OpenOffice org Math allows the user to create and assemble math oriented documents There are special functions here that allow the creation of mathematical formulas and table nomenclature not easily assembled in the standard Writer application OpenOffice org Math can be launched from K Menu gt Office OpenOffice org Math 6 OpenOffice org Base allows the user to manipulate database data from within OpenOffice org like Microsoft Access OpenOffice org Base can be launched from K Menu Office gt OpenOffice org Base 6 2 KMyMoney Personal Finance KMyMoney 2 is an excellent personal and or business cash management application similar to Quicken or Microsoft Money Quicken QIF imp
48. ered to be included by reference in this License but only as regards disclaiming warranties any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License VERBATIM COPYING You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium either commercially or noncommercially provided that this License the copyright notices and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute However you may accept compensation in exchange for copies If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3 You may also lend copies under the same conditions stated above and you may publicly display copies COPYING IN QUANTITY If you publish printed copies or copies in media that commonly have printed covers of the Document numbering more than 100 and the Document s license notice requires Cover Texts you must enclose the copies in covers that carry clearly and legibly all these Cover Texts Front Cover Texts on the front cover and Back Cover Texts on the back cover Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies The front cover must present the full title with all words of t
49. g any new font rebuild the font information files by typing the following at a terminal prompt sudo fc cache f v If you prefer to download individual fonts by hand you can install them easily by opening Konqueror and typing fonts into the location bar Then you can install the font either system wide or for personal use by dragging and dropping into the respective folders 57 Configuring Your System 2 Files 2 1 Show hidden files and folders in Konqueror In Konqueror use the View Show Hidden Files to toggle hidden files and folders on and off 2 2 Change the default file type Open with program l In Konqueror right click on the file and choose Open With Other from the menu that appears A list of applications appears 2 Select the default application you want for the file type If the application is not on the list use the Add button to add the application to the list 3 Select the Remember application association for this type of file checkbox Click Ok to apply your changes 2 3 Rename all files in a directory at once Using the program Krename it is possible to rename multiple files according to a naming scheme which you define 1 Install the Krename package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 Launch Krename by choosing K menu gt Utilities Krename 2 4 Opening RAR files 1 To open rar files install the
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51. in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate the Document s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate TRANSLATION Translation is considered a kind of modification so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections You may include a translation of this License and all the license notices in the Document and any Warranty Disclaimers provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer the original version will prevail 79 GNU Free Documentation License If a section in the Document is Entitled Acknowledgements Dedications or History the requirement section 4 to Preserve its Title sec
52. inmodem is using wget c http linmodems technion ac il packages scanModem gz gunzip c scanModem gz gt scanModem chmod x scanModem sudo scanModem kate Modem ModemData txt Check the output in Kate it should list what modem chipset you have Once you are aware of the chipset you have see Setting UpModems https wiki ubuntu com SettingUpModems and follow the directions for your modem 65 Configuring Your System 4 5 2 ADSL Modems All PPOE and ADSL modems that use ethernet for the connection and some that use USB are supported by Kubuntu For router style ADSL modems just connect it up configure the modem as per your ISPs instructions and configure networking in Kubuntu For information on PPPOE modems see ADSLPPoE https wiki ubuntu com ADSLPPPoE on the Ubuntu wiki 4 6 Printers Some printers will be automatically detected by Kubuntu for those that are not choose K Menu gt System Settings Printers then choose Add gt Add Printer Class and run the Printer Install Wizard There are some printers that need further setup Search the databases at LinuxPrinting org http www linuxprinting org or check the Ubuntu Wiki s Printer page https wiki ubuntu com HardwareSupportComponentsPrinters for possible information on your printer 4 7 CDROMs 4 7 1 Speed up CD DVD ROM access enable DMA 1 Assuming that dev cdrom is the location of the CD DVD ROM 2 sudo hdparm d1 dev cd
53. ions in the license notice of the combined work In the combination you must combine any sections Entitled History in the various original documents forming one section Entitled History likewise combine any sections Entitled Acknowledgements and any sections Entitled Dedications You must delete all sections Entitled Endorsements COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects You may extract a single document from such a collection and distribute it individually under this License provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium is called an aggregate if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation s users beyond what the individual works permit When the Document is included in an aggregate this License does not apply to the other works
54. it the properties of a group from within the Groups main window choose a group name and click on the Modify button To remove a user or a group from the system select the user or group you want to delete and click Delete 22 Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications This chapter is a complete guide to adding removing and updating applications on a Kubuntu system 23 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 1 Introduction There are several ways to manage your applications in Kubuntu In order to add or remove applications you need to use a package manager The following package managers are described in this chapter e Add Remove Programs this is the simplest way to manage programs e Adept this graphical program provides an advanced way of managing programs e APT this is a powerful command line program to manage programs You may also wish to increase the number of programs available to install through your package managers Not all the programs that exist for Kubuntu are available by default You may have to add extra repositories in order to make them available that is also described in this chapter Finally this chapter explains how to update your system You can only have one package management application running at a time For example if you are running Add Remove Programs and try to launch Adept it will fail with an error Close the running application before you relaunch th
55. knowledgements and or dedications given therein L Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document unaltered in their text and in their titles Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles M Delete any section Entitled Endorsements Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version N Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled Endorsements or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section O Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers If the Modified Version includes new front matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant To do this add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version s license notice These titles must be distinct from any other section titles You may add a section Entitled Endorsements provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties for example statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front Cover Text and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back Cover Text to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version Only one passage of Front Cover Text and one of Back Cover Text may be added by or through arrang
56. l not be considered a Derivative Work as defined below for the purposes of this License b Derivative Work means a work based upon the Work or upon the Work and other pre existing works such as a translation musical arrangement dramatization fictionalization motion picture version sound recording art reproduction abridgment condensation or any other form in which the Work may be recast transformed or adapted except that a work that constitutes a Collective Work will not be considered a Derivative Work for the purpose of this License For the avoidance of doubt where the Work is a musical composition or sound recording the synchronization of the Work in timed relation with a moving image synching will be considered a Derivative Work for the purpose of this License c Licensor means the individual or entity that offers the Work under the terms of this License d Original Author means the individual or entity who created the Work e Work means the copyrightable work of authorship offered under the terms of this License f You means an individual or entity exercising rights under this License who has not previously violated the terms of this License with respect to the Work or who has received 69 Creative Commons by Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 express permission from the Licensor to exercise rights under this License despite a previous violation g License Elements means the following high level lic
57. lic digital performance e g webcast of the Work ii Mechanical Rights and Statutory Royalties Licensor waives the exclusive right to collect whether individually or via a music rights society or designated agent e g Harry Fox Agency royalties for any phonorecord You create from the Work cover version and distribute subject to the compulsory license created by 17 USC Section 115 of the US Copyright Act or the equivalent in other jurisdictions f Webcasting Rights and Statutory Royalties For the avoidance of doubt where the Work is a sound recording Licensor waives the exclusive right to collect whether individually or via a performance rights society e g SoundExchange royalties for the public digital performance e g webcast of the Work subject to the compulsory license created by 17 USC Section 114 of the US Copyright Act or the equivalent in other jurisdictions The above rights may be exercised in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter devised The above rights include the right to make such modifications as are technically necessary to exercise the rights in other media and formats All rights not expressly granted by Licensor are hereby reserved Restrictions The license granted in Section 3 above is expressly made subject to and limited by the following restrictions 70 Creative Commons by Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 a You may distribute publicly display publicly perform or pub
58. licly digitally perform the Work only under the terms of this License and You must include a copy of or the Uniform Resource Identifier for this License with every copy or phonorecord of the Work You distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitally perform You may not offer or impose any terms on the Work that alter or restrict the terms of this License or the recipients exercise of the rights granted hereunder You may not sublicense the Work You must keep intact all notices that refer to this License and to the disclaimer of warranties You may not distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitally perform the Work with any technological measures that control access or use of the Work in a manner inconsistent with the terms of this License Agreement The above applies to the Work as incorporated in a Collective Work but this does not require the Collective Work apart from the Work itself to be made subject to the terms of this License If You create a Collective Work upon notice from any Licensor You must to the extent practicable remove from the Collective Work any reference to such Licensor or the Original Author as requested If You create a Derivative Work upon notice from any Licensor You must to the extent practicable remove from the Derivative Work any reference to such Licensor or the Original Author as requested b You may distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitall
59. more than one keyboard layout This is useful if you write in more than one language To add new keyboard layouts 1 Choose K Menu gt System Settings Regional amp Accessibility Keyboard Layout 2 In the Layout tab check the Enable Keyboard Layouts box 3 Choose the country in which the keyboard layout you want is used and click Add The country should appear in the Active Layouts list 4 Click the country in the Active Layouts list and choose the appropriate Layout variant for the country selected This is important for countries where more than one language are commonly spoken 5 Click on Apply to save your settings 6 A flag icon should now appear in the system tray showing the current keyboard layout being used Click the flag icon to switch to the other keyboard layout 4 4 3 Input Non latin Characters Skim is a KDE guipanel to input non latin characters To use Skim for input in your native language 1 Ensure that your language support package is installed If you selected your native language during installation this has already been installed 2 Press Ctrl Space to activate it and enter characters 3 Configure Skim by right clicking the icon in the system tray and choosing Configure 4 5 Modems 4 5 1 Winmodems Most winmodems are not supported by Kubuntu by default but drivers can be found that will enable the use of such modems First you need to identify what chipset your w
60. mple fstab_automountntfs Read Section 3 6 Remount etc fstab without rebooting p 60 3 6 Remount etc fstab without rebooting sudo mount a 3 7 Run a system command automatically at Startup Sometimes it can be useful to add a custom command to the startup process so that your computer executes it on every boot To do this 1 Edit the crontab with administrative privileges see Section 3 Root And Sudo p 18 sudo crontab e Insert the following line reboot home user command Replace home user command with the full path to your command Save the file and exit 60 Configuring Your System 3 8 Change default Operating System at boot 1 Make a backup of your boot configuration file and open it in a text editor sudo cp boot grub menu lst boot grub menu lst_backup kdesu kate boot grub menu lst Find this line default 0 Replace with the following line default X_sequence Save the edited file an example sample menu list_changedefaultosgrub 3 9 Making the Boot Menu Visible By default the boot menu is hidden and you will need to hit Esc to see the boot menu By following the following steps 1t will be visible by default 1 Make a backup of your boot configuration file and open it in a text editor sudo cp boot grub menu lst boot grub menu lst_backup kdesu kate boot grub menu lst Find this line hiddenmenu and uncomment it by rem
61. n the following command to mount an NTFS Windows Partition and allow read only access sudo mount dev hdaX mnt windows t ntfs o ro umask 0222 If your Windows partition uses the FAT32 filesystem it is safe to allow read write access to the partition Run the command sudo mount dev hdaX mnt windows t vfat o umask 0000 instead of the one above Replace dev hdaX with the correct device name for your partition 4 To unmount the partition run the following command 59 Configuring Your System sudo umount mnt windows 3 5 Mount Windows partitions on boot up 1 2 5 6 Read Section 3 2 Check disk space usage and view the partition table p 59 First make a directory where the partition can be mounted sudo mkdir mnt windows Next backup your configuration file for mounting drives and open the file in a text editor with administrative privileges sudo cp etc fstab etc fstab_backup kdesu kate etc fstab If your Windows partition uses the NTFS filesystem append the following line at the end of file dev hdaX mnt windows ntfs ro umask 0222 0 0 If your Windows partition uses the FAT32 filesystem it is safe to allow read write access to the partition Append the following line at the end of the file dev hdaX mnt windows vfat umask 0000 0 0 instead of the one above Replace dev hdaX with the correct device name for your partition Save the edited file an example sa
62. notice grants a world wide royalty free license unlimited in duration to use that work under the conditions stated herein The Document below refers to any such manual or work Any member of the public is a licensee and is addressed as you You accept the license if you copy modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law 74 GNU Free Documentation License A Modified Version of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it either copied verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language A Secondary Section is a named appendix or a front matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document s overall subject or to related matters and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject Thus 1f the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters or of legal commercial philosophical ethical or political position regarding them The Invariant Sections are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated as being those of Invariant Sections in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it i
63. ntu is and will always be free of charge However this means more than just being available at zero cost The philosophy of Free Software is that people should be free to use software in all the ways that are socially useful Free software not only means that you shouldn t have to pay for it it also means that you should be able to use the software in any way you wish The code that makes up Free Software is available for anyone to download change fix and use in any way So apart from the fact that Free Software is often available without charge this freedom also has technical advantages when programs are developed the hard work of others can be used and built upon This cannot happen with non free Software and when programs are developed they have to start from scratch For this reason the development of Free Software is fast efficient and exciting You can find out more about the philosophy of Free Software here http www gnu org philosophy 1 3 The Difference There are many different operating systems based on GNU Linux Debian SUSE Gentoo RedHat and Mandriva for example Kubuntu is yet another contender in what is already a highly competitive world So what makes Kubuntu different Based on Debian one of the most widely acclaimed technologically advanced and well supported distributions Kubuntu aims to create a distribution that provides an up to date and coherent Linux system for desktop and server computing
64. o this see Section 3 Root And Sudo p 18 l To install a deb file simply Right click on the deb file and choose Kubuntu Package Menu gt Install Package 2 Alternatively you can also install a deb file by opening a terminal and typing sudo dpkg i package_file deb 3 To uninstall a deb file remove it using Adept or type sudo apt get remove package_name 5 2 Convert rpm files to deb files Another type of package files is Red Hat Package Manager Files which have the rpm suffix It 1s not recommended to install these on an Kubuntu system In almost all cases a native Kubuntu deb package is available However if absolutely necessary an rpm file can be converted to a deb package using the program alien 1 Install the alien program Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 Run the following command in a terminal with administrative privileges sudo alien package_file rpm 5 3 Install from Source Files with the tar gz or tar bz2 suffix are package files known as tarballs or source packages which are widely used in Linux If there is no native Kubuntu package available in any of the Kubuntu repositories you can try to compile the package from source For tips on compiling software look at the Compiling Software https wiki ubuntu com CompilingSoftware page on the Ubuntu Wiki 28 Adding Removing and Updating Applications 6 Managing Repositories 6 1
65. ort and export is supported within accounts so KMyMoney 2 can read files exported from other programs or downloaded from online banking institutions 1 Install the kmymoney2 package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 46 Common Tasks 2 To open Kymoney choose K menu Office gt KmyMoney from the Desktop Menu System 6 3 Kivio Flowchart and Diagram Editor Kivio is a flowchart and diagram editor for creating and editing organizational charts flowcharts ERDs or other kinds of diagrams It is analagous to Gnome Dia and Microsoft Visio 1 Install the kivio package using Adept see Section 3 Adept Package Manager p 26 2 Launch Kivio by choosing K Menu gt Office gt Kivio 47 Common Tasks 7 Graphics amp Drawing Kubuntu has some very powerful world class graphics and drawing applications available 7 1 Krita Krita lets you draw paint edit images and much more Krita includes the functionality and plug ins of other famous image editing and processing programs Krita is installed in Kubuntu by default Launch Krita by selecting K Menu Graphics gt Krita Image Manipulation Program More information is available from the Krita homepage http www koffice org krita 7 2 Inkscape Vector Graphics Editor Inkscape is a powerful editor for working with the SVG Scalable Vector Graphics format 1 Install the inksca
66. ou can setup KDE exactly the way you d like it to start every time you login Choose K Menu System Settings User Account from the Desktop Menu System Click the Session Manager button on the left Ensure that the Restore manually saved session checkbox is enabled Launch all the applications you want running everytime you log in Once you have everything set to your satisfaction click choose K Menu Save Session Every time you start KDE you will return to this configuration Another method to do this is to copy the desktop entry of the application you want to autostart from usr share applications to the kde Autostart directory 1 2 Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots This is not recommended for most computers as it is not secure and may allow other users access to your information 1 2 K Menu System Setting gt Login Manager Click on the Administrator Mode and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges Select the Convenience tab Check the Enable Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop down menu and select an appropriate time delay 1 3 Restart KDE without rebooting the computer 1 2 3 Save and close all open applications Use the Ctrl Alt Backspace shortcut keys to restart KDE If Ctrl Alt Backspace is disabled type sudo etc init d kdm restart See
67. ou with an updated version of the Document MODIFICATIONS You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it In addition you must do these things in the Modified Version GNU FDL Modification Conditions A Use in the Title Page and on the covers if any a title distinct from that of the Document and from those of previous versions which should if there were any be listed in the History section of the Document You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission B List on the Title Page as authors one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document all of its principal authors if it has fewer than five unless they release you from this requirement State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version as the publisher Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices 1 MoO Include immediately after the copyright notices
68. oving the in front of the line so that it looks like hiddenmenu Save the edited file an example sample menu list_unhidemenu 3 10 Change the timeout for boot menu 1 sudo cp boot grub menu lst boot grub menu lst_backup kdesu kate boot grub menu lst Find this line timeout 3 Replace with the following line timeout X_seconds 61 Configuring Your System 4 Save the edited file an example sample menu list_increasedecreasetimeoutgrub 62 Configuring Your System 4 Hardware 4 1 Digital Cameras Most USB digital cameras will be automatically detected by Kubuntu Simply plug in and switch on your USB digital camera Kubuntu will then ask you if you would like to import the photos from your camera Click on Import Kubuntu will then show you a preview of your photos Choose a location to save your photos to then click on Import Kubuntu will then save your photos to your hard drive If you do not get the auto import popup with your camera it might be worth installing digikam from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Launch digiKam after installation by choosing K Menu Graphics digiKam Photo Management from the desktop menu system 4 2 3D Graphic Cards 4 2 1 3D Nvidia Video Card Driver 1 Install the nvidia glx package from the Restricted repository see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23
69. pe package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 To start Inkscape choose K Menu Graphics gt InkScape Vector Illustrator 7 3 Blender 3d Modeler Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling animation rendering post production interactive creation and playback games 1 Install the blender package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 To start Blender choose K Menu gt Graphics Blender 3D Modeler 7 4 Scribus Desktop Publishing Application 1 Install the scribus package see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To install additional templates install the scribus template package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 3 To start Scribus choose K Menu Office Scribus Page Layout 48 Common Tasks S Games 8 1 Frozen Bubble In Frozen Bubble you attempt to shoot bubbles into groups of the same color to cause them to pop 1 Install the frozen bubble package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To start Frozen Bubble choose K Menu gt Games gt Arcade gt Frozen Bubble 8 2 PlanetPenguin Racer Race Tux the Linux mascot down a snow and ice covered mountain as quickly as possible avoiding the trees and rocks that will slow you down Don t forget to grap all the fish Ensure you have hardware
70. rom sudo cp etc hdparm conf etc hdparm conf_backup kdesu kate etc hdparm conf 3 Append the following lines at the end of file dev cdrom dma on 4 Save the edited file an example sample hdparm conf_speedupcddvdrom 4 7 2 Mount CD DVD ROMs and show all hidden and associated files 1 Assuming that media cdrom0 is the location of CD DVD ROM 2 To mount CD DVD ROM sudo mount media cdrom0 o unhide 3 To unmount CD DVD ROM sudo umount media cdrom0 4 7 3 Forcefully eject CD DVD ROMs manually e sudo eject 66 Configuring Your System 5 Networking 5 1 Change the Computer Name 1 2 4 K Menu System Settings Network Settings Click on the Administrator Mode and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges Select the Domain Name System tab Enter the name of the computer in the Hostname field Click Apply close all open applications and reboot 5 2 View remote SSH FTP and SFTP servers using Konqueror In the Location Bar enter the following For SSH use ssh username ssh server com For FTP use ftp username ftp server com For SFTP use sftp username sftp server com Replace username with your username and replace everything after the symbol with the server s address You will be prompted for a password if needed If there is no username anonymous omit the username and the symbol Alternatively to
71. s e Nethack e Crawl Remember these 2 games are text based which means they MUST be run inside the terminal All of these games will install themselves to your KDE menu but can always run them from the command line by typing in the name of the game and pressing enter 8 5 Windows Games Many games which are available for Windows can be run on Linux through special compatibility layers like Wine and Cedega 1 For information about Wine see the Ubuntu wiki https wiki ubuntu com Wine 2 For information about Cedega see the Ubuntu wiki https wiki ubuntu com Cedega See the Cedega CVS Howto http www linux gamers net modules wiwimod index php page HOWTO 20Cedega 20CVS for instructions on compiling and installing Cedega 50 Common Tasks 9 Programming 9 1 Basic Compilers In order to be able to compile programs some extra packages are necessary These can be installed all in one go as follows e Install the build essential package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 9 2 Java Runtime Environment 1 5 8 The following instructions are only for i386 and amd64 computers For PowerPC machines 5 please look at the Ubuntu Wiki https wiki ubuntu com JavaPPC 1 Install the sun java5 bin package from the Multiverse repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 Some websites require the Java plugin for Mozilla Firefox To in
72. s in Kubuntu is to start a terminal see Section 4 1 Starting the Terminal p 19 above however sometimes it is useful to switch to the real console 1 Use the Ctrl Alt F1 shortcut keys to switch to the first console 2 To switch back to Desktop mode use the Ctrl Alt F7 shortcut keys There are six consoles available Each one is accessible with the shortcut keys Ctrl Alt F1 to Ctrl Alt F6 4 4 Disable the beep sound in Terminal mode l Start a Konsole session select K menu System Konsole Terminal Program from the desktop menu system 2 Settings Bell None 20 Linux Basics 5 Text Editing All of the configurations and settings in Linux are saved in text files Even though you most often can edit configurations through the graphical interface you may occasionally have to edit them by hand Kate is the default Kubuntu text editor which can be launched by clicking K menu gt Utilities gt Kate Advanced Text Editor from the desktop menu system At times in this guide Kate is run from the command line using kdesu as most configuration files require root privileges to alter them It is recommended that you also run kdesu from the command line when shown in this guide If you need to use a text editor from the command line you can use nano which is a simple to use text editor When running it from the command line always use the following command which ensures that the editor
73. s not allowed to be designated as Invariant The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none The Cover Texts are certain short passages of text that are listed as Front Cover Texts or Back Cover Texts in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License A Front Cover Text may be at most 5 words and a Back Cover Text may be at most 25 words A Transparent copy of the Document means a machine readable copy represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or for images composed of pixels generic paint programs or for drawings some widely available drawing editor and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup or absence of markup has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text A copy that is not Transparent is called Opaque Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup Texinfo input format LaTeX input format SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD and standard conforming simple HTML
74. so md5 4 5 Check MD5 checksum of an ISO image 1 2 Assuming that file iso and file iso md5 are in the same folder md5sum c file iso md5 39 Common Tasks 4 6 Mount unmount Image ISO files without burning to CD 1 To mount Image ISO file sudo mkdir media iso sudo modprobe loop sudo mount file iso media iso t iso9660 o loop To unmount Image ISO file sudo umount media iso 40 Common Tasks 5 Internet 5 1 Connecting to the Internet To connect to the Internet do the following 1 If you have a Modem or ADSL connection read Section 4 5 Modems p 6 first 2 K Menu gt System Settings Network Settings 3 Click on the Administrator Mode and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges 4 Select the Network Interfaces tab Select the interface to configure from the list then click the Configure Interface button 5 Enter the relevant details of the connection like DHCP or Static IP address or the wireless network name in case of a wireless connection Click OK to accept the settings 6 Sometimes it may be necessary to configure the DNS settings If needed select the Domain Name System tab to add edit or delete DNS Servers in the DNS Servers list To activate or deactivate network connections do the following 1 K Menu gt System Settings Network Settings 2 Click on the Administrator Mode and enter your user pass
75. sound in applications like Audacity before being compressed You can also extract CD audio files to the proprietary non free MP3 format by using the lame encoder See the KAudioCreator Handbook http docs kde org stable en kdemultimedia kaudiocreator index html Offline Help help kaudiocreator index html 1 3 Playing and Organizing Music Files Kubuntu does not directly support the MP3 format because it is restricted by patents and proprietary rights Instead Kubuntu supports the Ogg Vorbis format out of the box a completely free open and non patented format Ogg Vorbis files also sound better then MP3 files of the same file size and are supported by many popular music players a list of players is here http wiki xiph org index php PortablePlayers You can still play your old MP3 files by installing MP3 support see Section 3 Multimedia Codecs p 3 Instructions for other formats such as Windows Media Audio wma wmv and other patent encumbered formats can be found on the Ubuntu Wiki http wiki ubuntu com RestrictedFormats The default music application on your Kubuntu system is the AmaroK Music Player a music management and playback application that looks like iTunes When you first start AmaroK it will scan your home directory for any supported music files you have and add it to the database To start AmaroK choose K Menu Multimedia gt AmaroK Audio Player AmaroK has an inbuilt ID3 tag
76. specify your password manually change one of the above like so ftp username password ftp server com 5 3 Networking Utilities 5 3 1 Guarddog Firewall A firewall protects a computer system from unauthorized access It is not normally necessary to install a firewall on a Kubuntu system because by default access to the system is closed However if you run any services which you allow other computers to access for example the Apache web server it is advisable to install a firewall Guarddog is a program which allows you to control Linux s firewall through a graphical interface 1 Install the Guarddog package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 After it is installed run the Guarddog by choosing K Menu gt System Guarddog Enter your password in the Run as root KDE su dialog box which pops up 67 Configuring Your System 4 Click the Help in the Firewall Configuration window for details on using Guarddog 5 3 2 Graphical Network Monitor Etherape displays network activity among different hosts using circles of varying size 1 Install the etherape package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 Choose K Menu gt Internet gt Etherape 5 3 3 Network Traffic Analyzer Ethereal is a network traffic analyzer sniffer that captures packets off the network in real time and displays their conten
77. stall the java plugin install the sun java5 plugin package for 1386 machines or the j2re 1 4 mozilla plugin package for amd64 machines from the Multiverse repository 9 3 Development Tools This section has a list of handy open source development tools for use on Kubuntu such as Integrated Development Environments and powerful Editors Most of these applications can be installed by using Adept see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 e KDevelop http www kdevelop org is an IDE for KDE which supports many programming languages Eric http www die offenbachs de detlev eric3 html is a full featured Python and Ruby IDE PyQt http www riverbankcomputing co uk pyqt is a set of Python bindings for the Qt toolkit e Qt Designer http www trolltech com products qt designer html is the User Interface designer for building KDE applications IDLE http www python org idle is the Python IDE built with the Tkinter GUI toolkit e MonoDevelop http www monodevelop com Main_Page is an IDE for writing mono net applications in C and other languages Bazaar NG http www bazaar ng org is a distributed version control system used for Ubuntu development Eclipse http www eclipse org is an IDE for Java and other programming languages It forms the basis for closed source programs such as JBuilder e NetBeans http www netbeans org index html is a Java IDE that features suppor
78. t for CVS and a form builder 51 Common Tasks e Bluefish http bluefish openoffice nl index html is a powerful editor for experienced web designers and programmers 9 4 Programming Documentation This is a list of useful documentation for programming with Kubuntu 9 4 1 Dive Into Python Dive Into Python is a book on learning how to program in the preferred Kubuntu language Python Aimed at programmers with some previous experience it comes installed with every Kubuntu installation You can read Dive Into Python here file usr share doc diveintopython html toc index html 9 4 2 Qt3 Documentation The Qt3 Documentation package provides the complete reference to programming in Qt 1 Install the qt3 doc package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 2 To access the documentation visit Qt3 Documentation Index file usr share doc qt3 doc html index html 52 Chapter 5 Configuring Your System This chapter contains information on configuring your system 53 Configuring Your System 1 Desktop Tricks This section details some tips for using and customizing the desktop They are mostly tips involving the desktop environment called KDE and the file manager called Konqueror 1 1 Run programs automatically when KDE starts 1 The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the Session Management feature of KDE Y
79. the repositories after installation This can cause Adept to ask for the CD ROM when installing packages It is possible to disable this repository so that Adept relies solely on the internet repositories To disable the CD ROM repository L Start Adept by choosing K Menu gt System Adept Package Manager from the Desktop menu system 2 Select View gt Manage Repositories in the Adept package manager window 3 Find the repository line that starts with cdrom right click the line and select Disable 4 Click Apply to save your changes and then exit using Close 6 3 Adding Extra Repositories To enable the extra repositories l Start Adept by choosing K Menu gt System Adept Package Manager from the Desktop menu system 29 Adding Removing and Updating Applications Select View Manage Repositories in the Adept package manager window To enable the Universe repository find the repository line with the Universe Component and right click the line and select Enable Adding this repository will mean that the majority of the Free Software universe will be available to install on your system This software is supported by a carefully selected group of volunteers within the Kubuntu Community but is not supported by the core Kubuntu development team and may not include security updates To enable the Multiverse repository find the repository lines two of them with the Universe Compon
80. tinue in full force and effect unless terminated as stated above 8 Miscellaneous a Each time You distribute or publicly digitally perform the Work or a Collective Work the Licensor offers to the recipient a license to the Work on the same terms and conditions as the license granted to You under this License b Each time You distribute or publicly digitally perform a Derivative Work Licensor offers to the recipient a license to the original Work on the same terms and conditions as the license granted to You under this License c If any provision of this License is invalid or unenforceable under applicable law it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of the terms of this License and without 72 Creative Commons by Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 further action by the parties to this agreement such provision shall be reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make such provision valid and enforceable d No term or provision of this License shall be deemed waived and no breach consented to unless such waiver or consent shall be in writing and signed by the party to be charged with such waiver or consent e This License constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the Work licensed here There are no understandings agreements or representations with respect to the Work not specified here Licensor shall not be bound by any additional provisions that may appear in any communi
81. tion 1 will typically require changing the actual title TERMINATION You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License Any other attempt to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns See http www gnu org copyleft Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License or any later version applies to it you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation If the Document does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation ADDENDUM How to use this License for your documents To use this License in a document you have written incl
82. trd used when creating a customized initrd boot process e 1ib system libraries e lost found provides a lost found system for files that exist under the root directory e media automatically mounted loaded partitions on your hard drive and removable media such as CDs digital cameras etc e mnt manually mounted filesystems on your hard drive e opt provides a location for optional 3rd party applications to be installed e proc special dynamic directory that maintains information about the state of the system including currently running processes e root root user s home directory pronounced slash root e sbin important system binaries e srv can contain files that are served to other systems e sys system files e tmp temporary files e usr applications and files that are mostly available for all users to access e var variable files such as logs and databases 16 Linux Basics 2 Permissions All of the files on a Linux system have permissions that allow or prevent others from viewing modifying or executing them The superuser root has the ability to access any file on the system Each file has access restrictions user restrictions and an owner group association Every file is secured by the following three layers of permissions in order of importance e user applies to the user who is the owner of the file e group applies to the group that is associated with the file
83. ts 1 Install the ethereal package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 Choose K Menu gt Internet Ethereal 68 Appendix A Creative Commons by Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 CREATIVE COMMONS CORPORATION IS NOT A LAW FIRM AND DOES NOT PROVIDE LEGAL SERVICES DISTRIBUTION OF THIS LICENSE DOES NOT CREATE AN ATTORNEY CLIENT RELATIONSHIP CREATIVE COMMONS PROVIDES THIS INFORMATION ON AN AS IS BASIS CREATIVE COMMONS MAKES NO WARRANTIES REGARDING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED AND DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ITS USE License THE WORK AS DEFINED BELOW IS PROVIDED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS CREATIVE COMMONS PUBLIC LICENSE CCPL OR LICENSE THE WORK IS PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT AND OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW ANY USE OF THE WORK OTHER THAN AS AUTHORIZED UNDER THIS LICENSE OR COPYRIGHT LAW IS PROHIBITED BY EXERCISING ANY RIGHTS TO THE WORK PROVIDED HERE YOU ACCEPT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE THE LICENSOR GRANTS YOU THE RIGHTS CONTAINED HERE IN CONSIDERATION OF YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF SUCH TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1 Definitions a Collective Work means a work such as a periodical issue anthology or encyclopedia in which the Work in its entirety in unmodified form along with a number of other contributions constituting separate and independent works in themselves are assembled into a collective whole A work that constitutes a Collective Work wil
84. ude a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page Sample Invariant Sections list Copyright c YEAR YOUR NAME Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation with no Invariant Sections no Front Cover Texts and no Back Cover Texts A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License If you have Invariant Sections Front Cover Texts and Back Cover Texts replace the with Texts line with this Sample Invariant Sections list with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES with the Front Cover Texts being LIST and with the Back Cover Texts being LIST If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts or some other combination of the three merge those two alternatives to suit the situation 80 GNU Free Documentation License If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license such as the GNU General Public License to permit their use in free software 81
85. unrar package from the Multiverse repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 To open a rar file double click on it 58 Configuring Your System 3 Partitions and Booting 3 1 Graphical Partition Editor 1 Install the qtparted package see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 2 You can run the application with K Menu System gt QtParted 3 2 Check disk space usage and view the partition table l Launch K Menu gt System Settings Disks amp Filesystems 2 Each partition will be listed under Available Disks and Filesystems details of each partition 3 3 List mounted devices in a terminal To list mounted devices in a terminal run the following command mount The listing shows the device such as a hard disk partition the mount point where you access the files the filesystem type and the mount options This example shows the hda2 hard disk partition mounted as with the filesystem type ext3 The partition is mounted with two options one to allow the device to be read from and wrote to and the other to remount the device as read only in the event of any errors dev hda2 on type ext3 rw errors remount ro 3 4 Mount Unmount Windows partitions 1 Read Section 3 2 Check disk space usage and view the partition table p 59 2 First make a directory where the partition can be mounted sudo mkdir mnt windows 3 Next ru
86. ur files To change the order of menu entries click and drag the entry in the KDE Menu Editor window 1 9 Advanced Desktop Applets Superkaramba is a system for bringing mini programs desklets such as weather forecasts news tickers system information displays or music player controls onto your desktop where they are sitting there in a symbiotic relationship of eye candy and usefulness 1 Install the superkaramba package from the Universe repository see Section 6 Managing Repositories p 29 Choose K Menu gt Utilities Superkaramba 3 Visit the SuperKaramba website for downloading applets http www superkaramba com 1 10 Install Extra Fonts This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives 1 For international fonts install the following packages from the Universe repository see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 xfonts intl arabic xfonts intl asian xfonts intl chinese xfonts intl chinese big xfonts intl european xfonts intl japanese xfonts intl japanese big xfonts intl phonetic 56 Configuring Your System 2 For Microsoft TrueType core fonts install the msttcorefonts package from the Multiverse repository see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 3 For Ghostscript fonts install the gsfonts x11 package see Chapter 3 Adding Removing and Updating Applications p 23 4 After installin
87. which can be accessed by choosing K Menu gt Help from the desktop menu system The KDE Help Center is the central location to all documentation available on your system A good place to start off learning more about KDE is the KDE Quickstart Guide help khelpcenter quickstart index html which will familiarize you with some of the basic features of KDE 3 2 Help with an Application The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook which is accessible from the Help menu in the application s toolbar 3 3 Find Help Online e The Ubuntu Documentation Website http help ubuntu com contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide and other guides produced by the Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu e You can buy this guide in book form from our Lulu store http www lulu com ubuntu doc You will only pay for the price of printing and postage e The Ubuntu Wiki https wiki ubuntu com UserDocumentation this contains many other community maintained guides Kubuntu http kubuntuforums net and Ubuntu http www ubuntu com community forums Community Forums here you can ask questions on a forum and receive answers from the forum community Mailing Lists http lists ubuntu com archives kubuntu users here you can ask questions by email and receive answers from the mailing list community e IRC chat irc freenode net channel kubuntu chat in realtime with the Kubuntu
88. will not introduce line breaks nano w For more information about how to use nano refer to the guide on the wiki https wiki ubuntu com NanoHowto There are also quite a few other terminal based editors available in Kubuntu popular ones include VIM and Emacs the pros and cons of each are cause for much friendly debate within the Linux community These are often more complex to use than nano but are also more powerful 21 Linux Basics 6 Users and Groups To add users or groups to your system you can use the Users And Groups application located in K menu System Settings gt Users and Groups You will need to change into the Administrator Mode to make changes to Users and Groups To add a new user click on New fill in the data fields then click OK To edit the properties of each user click the Modify button located in the main Users window To add a new group select the Groups tab and click New Choose a name for the new group and if you want change the default value for the Group ID If you try to allocate a Group ID that is in use the system will warn you You can add users to the newly created group by selecting a user from the left menu and clicking on the Add button Removing a user from a group is as simple as adding one select the user from the right menu then click Remove When you are ready click OK and the new group with its users if inserted will be created To ed
89. word to gain administrator privileges 3 Select the Network Interfaces tab Select the interface to enable disable from the list then click the Enable Interface or the Disable Interface button 5 2 Browse Network Computers 1 To view computers on the network choose System Menu Remote Places from the Kicker the taskbar 2 You may need to enter a username and password and a domain You should obtain these from your network administrator Windows PCs sharing files on a local network can be found in Samba Shares 5 3 Web Browser Kubuntu comes with a very powerful web browser file management tool and network browser called Konqueror Konqueror can support all major web protocols and allows basic plugins for Macromedia Flash and Real Media When you first start up Kubuntu Konqueror will be in the bottom panel known as the kicker It may also be invoked through the K menu by clicking K Menu Internet gt Web Browser Konqueror 41 Common Tasks Alternatively the powerful and secure Mozilla Firefox web browser may be obtained in addition to Konqueror Mozilla Firefox features tabbed browsing pop up blocking in built search facilities live bookmarks and more Also supported are popular plug ins such as Java Macromedia Flash and Real Player just to name a few Mozilla Firefox is not installed in Kubuntu by default Mozilla Firefox can be obtained by installing the firefox package see Chapter 3
90. y perform a Derivative Work only under the terms of this License a later version of this License with the same License Elements as this License or a Creative Commons Commons license that contains the same License Elements as this License e g Attribution ShareAlike 2 0 Japan You must include a copy of or the Uniform Resource Identifier for this License or other license specified in the previous sentence with every copy or phonorecord of each Derivative Work You distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitally perform You may not offer or impose any terms on the Derivative Works that alter or restrict the terms of this License or the recipients exercise of the rights granted hereunder and You must keep intact all notices that refer to this License and to the disclaimer of warranties You may not distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitally perform the Derivative Work with any technological measures that control access or use of the Work in a manner inconsistent with the terms of this License Agreement The above applies to the Derivative Work as incorporated in a Collective Work but this does not require the Collective Work apart from the Derivative Work itself to be made subject to the terms of this License c If you distribute publicly display publicly perform or publicly digitally perform the Work or any Derivative Works or Collective Works You must keep intact all copyright notices for the
91. you want to rip or all of them by pressing Select all tracks 5 To begin the ripping process press the Rip Selection in the toolbar When the ripping process has started you can watch your progress by pressing the Jobs tab By default the files rip into nome username ogg directory and are in the Ogg Vorbis ogg format They are neatly sorted by artist followed by album and lastly song 6 When you are done ripping your CD tracks press the eject button to eject your CD Rom Q You can use the preferences window to control where the extracted audio files are stored on your computer the filename of extracted audio files and the file format and codec used for the files In the main window choose Settings Configure KAudioCreator KAudioCreator can extract audio files to the following formats e Ogg Vorbis Ogg Vorbis is a patent free lossy audio compression format which typically produces higher quality and greater compression than MP3 See the Vorbis website http www vorbis com faq for more information e FLAC FLAC is the Free Lossless Audio Codec It can compress audio files up to 50 without removing any information from the audio stream For more information on this format see the FLAC homepage http flac sourceforge net on sourceforge net 33 Common Tasks e WAV Wav is an uncompressed audio format which can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of your choice It is often used while working on

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