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TOPO! User Manual – Table of Contents

1. Another common feature of handheld GPS receivers is the ability to automatically keep track of where you ve been while using the GPS The coordinates of the last thousand or more positions are stored in a track log in the receiver s memory and are often displayed on the GPS screen as a series of bread crumb dots indicating the course you ve taken Most receivers that support tracks let you set the time and or distance interval between successive track points If you re using the GPS in a car you might want to record your position every 30 seconds on foot you might only want a point every 2 minutes To learn how to import your GPS track log into TOPO to see where you ve been on the map see section 14 6 below 14 2 Creating Waypoints To use your GPS to navigate to places you have never been you need to create waypoints for those places in advance At the very least you ll probably want to make a waypoint for the trailhead or start of your trip and one for your final destination In addition you may wish to mark locations that you d like to stop at along the way summits lakes stream crossings water sources etc or major trail or road intersections along your route To learn how to create waypoints in TOPO see 13 3 Creating Waypoints on the Map Note The remainder of this chapter deals specifically with features found only in TOPO GPS a special version of TOPO designed specifically for GPS users If you are using TOPO 2 0 ther
2. To change coordinate style and datum Waypoints can be displayed using either a latitude longitude or UTM coordinate system When using the latitude longitude style you can choose between displaying coordinates in decimal degrees or degrees and decimal minutes or degrees minutes and seconds You can also specify whether coordinates should be referenced to the NAD27 or NAD83 WGS84 datum To change any of these settings choose Coordinate Display in the Preferences menu Note Changes to Waypoint appearance and datum preferences affect ALL waypoints in your file These changes will appear on all magnification levels automatically Modifying Individual Waypoint Labels Text Labels can also be placed alongside standard Waypoint Labels to provide additional information about a particular waypoint 1 Choose Waypoint from the Tool menu Position your cursor over the waypoint and right click 3 Select the Create Text Label option This Text Label will initially include the waypoint name and coordinates along with any text message you specified when creating the point You can also enter your own text in addition to or instead of this information Note Once a Text Label has been placed it becomes static text If you move or modify the waypoint the Text Label will not automatically move or change correspondingly 13 6 Using Grids Grid lines on a printed map allow you to easily identify your position when you obtain your coordinates
3. Note TOPO GPS users can transfer waypoint information between TOPO and GPS receivers automatically by using the TOPO GPS Import Export Wizards described in Chapter 14 Using TOPO with a GPS Receiver Placing a New Waypoint l Choose Waypoint from the Tool menu Move the cursor to the point on the map you wish to mark Note As you move the cursor its coordinates are displayed in the bottom right corner of your screen 3 Left click to place a Waypoint 4 Once you have placed the point the TOPO Waypoint Editor will appear onscreen The Editor can be used to name the current waypoint TOPO will number them sequentially by default adjust the coordinates and elevation of the waypoint and record the time and date the waypoint was created You will also have the option to include a brief text message along with the other waypoint information Note Waypoints placed on maps are not stored in the Region tpo document but in their own GPS tpg document This allows you to share GPS data between different region documents See p 14 9 Managing Waypoints and Routes tpg Documents Waypoints can be placed most accurately when maps are viewed at the most detailed magnification level see p 7 1 Zooming Once you have placed a waypoint on the map it will be visible on every magnification level To change how it appears see p 13 5 Modifying the Waypoint Labels below 13 4 Moving and Editing Waypoints Waypoints can be moved mo
4. Select Add Label from the pop up editor 3 Click OK Tip For more information about text labels see p 12 1 Adding Text to the Maps Changing the distance units from miles to kilometers You can toggle between miles and kilometers via the Preferences menu See Appendix C Preference Settings 8 4 Extending or Shortening a Route Routes can be edited or revised using the Route Tool Choose Route from the Tool menu Position the cursor at either end of the route you wish to edit When the cursor displays a symbol left click to begin editing To extend a route continue drawing To shorten a route hold the right mouse button while retracing back along the route to erase Left click to finish editing ANPWNE Reminder After editing routes be sure to update any associated text labels you have placed on the map 8 5 Starting a Route on Top of Other Custom Objects You can start a route on top of other routes symbols text labels or direction lines without selecting the custom object below This can be useful if you wish to start a route from a specific location on the map where you have already placed a custom object Choose Route from the Tool menu Hold down the Ctrl key Move the cursor over the object and begin drawing your route Release the Ctrl key PWNS 9 0 Measuring Direction Use the Compass Tool to measure direction and distance between any two points Direction is described using th
5. When you place a note on the map the note is displayed in the notes pane and as an icon the map A single note may contain text photographs and a link to a website or document TOPO can link any digital photo to the map Digital photos can be taken with a digital camera downloaded from the Internet attached to e mail or captured with a scanner To learn more about digital photos and your computer check the help section of your PC 16 1 To add notes to the map 1 Choose Notes from the Tool Menu 2 Position the cursor and left click on the map Tip Notes contain properties that can be edited in the Notes Property Window a single note can contain text a photo and a link to a document or web site 16 2 To add a text note to the map 1 Choose Notes from the Tool Menu 2 Position the cursor and left click on the map 3 Enter your text in the Notes Property Window and click OK Tip To add text directly to the map use the Text Tool 16 3 To add a photo to the map 1 Choose Notes from the Tool Menu 2 Position the cursor and left click on the map 3 Click the browse button in the Notes Property Window choose a photo from your file directory and click OK Tip Checking link to the above photos originally file automatically places a link to the original photo in your note If your PC is configured to display photos clicking the link will display the full size photo 16 4 To add a link to a website Choose Notes from
6. and will automatically include any custom symbols text routes grids and GPS data you have added Once you have selected the Print Tool the right side of your screen will display a Print Preview Pane and a menu of setup printing and exporting options These options can be used to customize your printed map 11 1 Quick Guide to Printing 1 Choose Print from the Tool menu A red rectangle with an X through its center will appear on the map This rectangle shows the current Selection Area its size defaults to the amount of map that will exactly fit on the printed page 2 Left click on the map at the center of the area you wish to print You can also drag the Selection Area rectangle around on the map to adjust the print boundaries 3 Click the Print Map button at the lower right portion of the screen Tip If you are not printing on a color printer go to the Preferences menu and select the Print Tool submenu Then select Output to Grayscale This setting will give you the best output to a black amp white printer 11 2 Selecting an Area of Map to Print When you select the Print Tool a red rectangle with an X through its center will appear on the map This rectangle shows the current Selection Area its size defaults to the amount of map that will exactly fit on the printed page This is indicated by a checked box called Select 1 Full Page that appears in the print options at the right side of the screen To print a full
7. from a GPS receiver TOPO can provide either latitude longitude or UTM coordinate reference data scaled to your specifications Once activated your grid lines will automatically appear on printed maps To add grid lines to any map 1 Select Grid from the View menu The TOPO Grid Wizard will appear Use the Grid Wizard to Choose a grid type Lat Long or UTM and interval in seconds or meters accordingly 3 Next Specify the map level that should display this grid 4 Finally Pick a color for the grid lines You may also specify solid or dashed lines 5 Click Finish to apply the grid lines to your map Note To change map datum or coordinate display settings select the Preferences menu from the Menu Bar at the top of the screen Then select the Coordinate Display sub menu and change preferences as desired To identify your position on a printed map using the grid lines 1 Use a GPS receiver to determine the coordinates of your current position 2 Find the grid lines for the latitude and longitude or UTM easting and northing that most closely match the coordinates you found in step 1 and follow those two lines to where they meet 3 Your position on the map is near the intersection of the two lines 4 For more accuracy determine whether the coordinates of your position are above or below the latitude or northing grid line and left or right of the longitude or easting grid line This allows you to identify the grid
8. Connect your GPS to your computer see section 14 4 above Verify that your GPS receiver is locked on to at least 3 satellites and has a position fix 3 Select Show Current GPS Position from the GPS menu to center the map and cross hairs on your position 4 Or select Mark Current GPS Position to record the position as a waypoint on the map Tracking your position continuously as you travel 1 Connect your GPS to your computer see section 14 4 above Verify that your GPS receiver is locked on to at least 3 satellites and has a position fix 3 Select Setup Automatic Tracking from the GPS menu There are 3 options for how you want your track displayed and recorded You can choose any or all of them 4 Checking the Show Position checkbox will center the map on your location as often as you choose default every 5 seconds 5 Checking the Mark Position checkbox will create successively numbered waypoints on the map at your location as often as you choose default every 30 seconds Also check the Don t mark if position is within 500 feet of previous waypoint checkbox if you want to avoid creating lots of waypoints in the same place when you are stationary 6 Checking the Trace out a continuous freehand route checkbox will connect your movements on the map with a single continuous route in the current default color and style hs Click the Start Tracking button 8 To stop tracking toggle the GPS Options button on the toolbar
9. Geographic data All TOPO products are powered by state of the art map browser software TOPO 3 0 This user guide is intended to familiarize you with the map browser software TOPO software provides everything you need to navigate explore and print customized topographic maps TOPO makes it easy to measure distance and direction build elevation profiles determine coordinates and print customized maps New features in version 3 0 include support for handhelds and photo links We strongly recommend that all users read chapter 4 For People Who Don t Read Manuals GPS users should at least browse chapters 13 Customizing the Maps with Waypoints and Grids and 14 Using TOPO with a GPS Receiver To get help with TOPO see chapter 5 Accessing Other Information and Getting Help or Appendix E Troubleshooting We hope you find TOPO useful easy to use and enjoyable Please contact us for information about new products We appreciate any feedback and suggestions you may have 3 0 Installing and Running TOPO Sync and Pocket TOPO System Requirements In order to run TOPO you must have an Microsoft Windows 95 98 2000 NT ME 16 MB of memory double speed CD ROM drive 486 DX 66MHz PC or higher Installing amp Running TOPO Sync Use the TOPO installer setup exe to install TOPO It will place the TOPO application and other files TOPO needs to run properly onto your hard drive To install TOPO l In
10. THE SOFTWARE TO THE PLACE WHERE YOU OBTAINED IT WITHIN 30 DAYS OF THE DATE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND 1 Grant of License This Agreement permits you Licensee to use the enclosed copyrighted machine readable software program and associated data files that comprise TOPO amp Pocket TOPO Software and the TOPO User s Guide Documentation This agreement permits you to use the Software to create customized maps elevation profiles exports for use with Pocket TOPO exports for use with GPS receivers graphic files and mapXchange tpo and tpg format files that can be output from the program Any map elevation profile export for Pocket TOPO export for GPS receivers graphics or mapXchange tpo amp tpg format file that is generated from the software will be referred to in this license as a Reproduction This Agreement is a license agreement and not a sale of a software product The Software Documentation and Reproductions are furnished for your use and remain the property of National Geographic This Software is licensed to you to serve as a general reference for your personal business or institutional use The geographical data used in the Software is based on USGS topographic maps USGS elevation data and the USGS Geographic Names Information System Please consider carefully the fact that the TOPO Software and the geographic data may not be adequate for purposes requiring precision in depiction of ge
11. a route or text and choose Save from the File menu This will alter the preferences file and let TOPO know which drive to check next time 4 What are your drive lights doing e Is the CD ROM light coming on at all e If YES then the CD could be dirty Clean disc insert and give the drive enough time for the CD driver to find the CD Count to 10 and try to start TOPO again If this fails follow next step below e If NOT you can access the CD manually as follows Keep the disc in and open the CD ROM drive icon from the My Computer window File Manager for Windows 3 1 e You should see the region s data folder sfr_data lar_data etc Open it e Now Windows should recognize the CD ROM Try running TOPO again e If above steps fail you will have to restart Windows each time you want to switch CD ROMs Problem Can t print or TOPO freezes when trying to print Your printer must be compatible with Microsoft Windows and support printing of grayscale or color graphics to work with TOPO If your printer is compatible with Microsoft Windows and you are still having problems check to be sure that are you using the most current printer driver See the documentation that came with your printer or contact the printer s manufacturer to find out more about printer drivers As with any large graphics files printing TOPO maps may consume large amounts of memory RAM and may take time on many printers If it seems like yo
12. box your position lies within Estimate your position within the box by comparing how far the four bounding grid lines are from the coordinates obtained in step 1 Tip Using a grid spaced at a narrow interval such as 10 seconds or 100 meters makes it easier to determine your location on the map when using a GPS It also allows you to better estimate the coordinates of places on the map when you re in the field and want to create waypoints Try using dashed lines to allow more map to show through 14 0 Using TOPO with a GPS Receiver TOPO is a great complement to GPS receivers This chapter begins with a brief introduction to GPS and some of the common terminology associated with it The sections following that explain how to create GPS waypoints and routes on TOPO s maps connect your PC to your GPS receiver and upload export that information to the GPS You ll also learn how to download import information you ve collected with your GPS receiver and see iton TOPO s maps If you have a laptop PC you might want to try connecting it to your GPS to track your position while someone else is driving see section 14 7 The final sections explain how to manage GPS data in TOPO how that data is stored on the hard drive and how to share that data with other software applications 14 1 A Quick Start Guide to GPS GPS stands for Global Positioning System It consists of a network of 24 orbiting satellites that transmit precise
13. don t want to lose it 14 10 Importing Exporting GPS Data to Other Applications Waypoint and route information can be exported to your clipboard or saved as a text file In these formats GPS data can be printed for manual entry into a GPS receiver or shared with other software applications If you wish to share GPS waypoint data with other TOPO users it is more convenient to save your data ina tpg file that can be e mailed or copied to disk see section 14 9 above for more information on tpg files Exporting GPS information from TOPO to other applications Select the Export Wizard from the GPS menu Choose to have the GPS data sent to a text file or the clipboard for use with other applications Next choose which GPS objects routes waypoints or both you wish to export Finally choose a Format for the data The default is Comma delimited Text which should transfer into other applications such as Word or Excel If you are exporting GPS data to another waypoint management application see if it is listed as one of the export formats If not try using the default format many applications can import comma delimited text Visit our web site at www tono com for more suggestions and troubleshooting tips 5 The desired GPS data will now be available to you from your clipboard or as a text file on disk If you wish to print the list paste it into Word Excel or some other text editor and print from there You can then use the printed
14. e One by one select all applications programs except Explorer and Systray and click End Task Note you will have to use the Ctrl Alt and Delete keys once for each program you want to close 2 Reinstall TOPO Choose Uninstall from Start Menu under TOPO Program icon Do a search Find Files or Folders for TOPO any TOPO files not removed by the uninstall Delete any files found from this search Reinstall TOPO Note If installer freezes or still won t work you may need to try a manual installation See above If you are now able to start and use TOPO be sure to disable your the crash protection software before starting TOPO in the future Problem Elevation profiles are inaccurate or wrong The elevations in TOPO come from Digital Elevation Models DEMs produced by the USGS For still do not exist and in these cases less accurate 250K data had to be used Check the resolution of the DEM for the 7 5 quad you re tracing a route on by going to TOPO s Info menu and selecting About the Maps Then select About the 7 5 Maps on this CD ROM to see a chart listing DEM resolution Given the imprecision of the mouse as a drawing tool you also may be having difficulty drawing the route accurately as it appears on the earth A long route with many zigs and zags will pick up many stray elevation values and in turn generate an overly zealous elevation gain and loss The Net Gain rep
15. in a certain direction you must place the navigation tool into travel mode indicated by a four way arrow icon Once in the travel mode simply tap on the map to cause it to move 15 5 Using Symbols Symbols are typically used to indicate a place on the map that you wish to remember To place a new symbol 1 Tap the symbol tool pushpin icon 2 Tap any point on the map 3 Tap the symbol to display the Symbol Properties dialog 15 6 Using Text You can place text anywhere on the map to help annotate trails or waypoints you have created To place text on the map Tap the text tool A symbol Tap the map where you wish to place the text The Text Properties dialog will open Enter the text to display and tap OK San ae 15 7 Using Routes Routes represent trails or roads for travel To draw a route 1 Tap the route tool ruler and pencil 2 Tap on the map and drag 3 Tap anywhere on the route to display the Route Properties dialog 15 8 Using Notes Notes are used to record information about a certain geographical place To create a new note Tap the note tool notepad icon Tap the map where you wish to place the note The Note Properties dialog opens Enter notes and an optional web link and tap OK to close the dialog Powe Note Add new photos using the desktop version of TOPO 15 9 Using Direction Lines Direction lines can be used to find the straight line distance and bearing from o
16. in the status bar TOPO updates the display as you move your cursor Tip Once you place an anchor point you can move to nearby locations with the traveling cursor at the edge of the map or to distant locations on the overview maps You can also switch map levels by right clicking on the map and your anchor point will remain fixed at its location To draw a direction line between two points Left click the Compass Tool button on your toolbar or choose Compass from the Tools menu Position the anchor cursor where you would like the direction line to start Left click to place the anchor point Left click again at the position where you would like the direction line to end TOPO will draw a direction line between the two points To reposition the anchor point left click the anchor on the map or the compass tool button on the toolbar AnPWNE After drawing a direction line TOPO will display the line distance and azimuth in a pop up text box and on the status bar when you place the cursor over the direction line To display direction in a text label on the map This is achieved in the same manner as displaying distance see p 8 3 Measuring and Displaying Distance Tips To toggle between true north and magnetic north choose Direction Reference from a direction line s pop up option menu see Appendix A Pop up Option Menus or toggle the overall preference setting via the Preferences menu see Appendix C Preference Settings To build
17. is where TOPO stores any custom information you have added to the maps Creating and saving new MapXchange tpo documents is easy They can be very useful for organizing and sharing information For example you could store all your favorite mountain biking trails in a document named mountainbike tpo and all your favorite hiking trails in a document named hike tpo If you wanted to give a friend your favorite mountain biking trails you could copy mountainbike tpo to a floppy disk or e mail it If they owned the same TOPO region of maps they could open the mountainbike tpo document and view edit or print the maps with your custom trails To open a MapXchange tpo document l Choose Open Region from the File menu 2 The Open File dialog box will appear displaying a list of regions that you have installed 3 Choose a region and click OK Tip TOPO lists the last four tpo documents that you opened by name at the bottom of the File menu From the bottom of the File menu choose the document you want to open To create a new region tpo document 1 Choose Save As from the File menu 2 Type a new name for the region document 3 Click OK Tip To delete all the custom data you have added to a region of maps and start with a blank slate choose Delete Contents from the File menu 6 3 Merging tpo Documents You can merge all custom routes symbols text labels direction lines from other tpo fi
18. list of waypoint coordinates to manually enter GPS data into your receiver per the instructions in your GPS user manual RMN Importing GPS information into TOPO from text files or the clipboard Select the Import Wizard from the GPS menu Choose between text file or the clipboard as the source of your data If you are importing from a text file you will be prompted to select the source file to be opened The Import Wizard will ask how different data fields are separated Commas Tabs Spaces or some Other character of your specification When you select the proper format the data should line up in the Preview Window in straight columns Follow the instructions on screen until you get to the Final Step with the Finish button 6 For the final step you must identify each column of data in the Data Preview area so that TOPO will know what each column means Click on each column heading and a pop up menu will appear Use the pop up menu to specify the type of information contained in each column i e Column 1 name Column 2 Latitude Degrees Column 3 Latitude Minutes etc 7 Left click on the Finish button to bring the waypoints or routes into TOPO PEDS m Note If none of the data imports properly try again and pay particular attention to how you categorize each column in step 6 If this still fails it is likely that the data you are trying to import is not compatible with TOPO GPS at this time Visit our web site at f
19. or deselect Setup Automatic Tracking from the GPS menu Note If you are having trouble make sure that your receiver is tracking enough satellites and has a valid position fix Also see 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver 14 8 Managing Waypoints and Routes The Waypoint List The Waypoint List provides TOPO GPS users a way to easily view and sort through the currently open file of waypoints and routes By double clicking on a waypoint in the list you can jump right to it on the map By double clicking on a route folder you can quickly activate it for editing The list can also be used to edit GPS routes and cut paste or delete multiple waypoints at one time To open or close the Waypoint List select GPS Waypoint List from the Viewmenu You can also open close or resize the list by dragging the bar that separates it from the map pane Note When a GPS route is active it will appear red on the map and in the Waypoint List Any new waypoints you place on the map will be added to the end of an active route Inactive routes appear blue The yellow folder calledAll Waypoints in File lists all the waypoints in all the routes as well as waypoints that are not part of any routes Open this folder to place waypoints on the map that you do not want to append to any of the GPS routes Sorting the waypoint list By default waypoints will be shown in alphanumerical order in the Waypoint List Waypoints can also be sorted by latitude
20. page map make sure this box is checked The selection area can be moved by clicking on a new center point on the map or grabbing and dragging a side Printing less than one full page 1 Un check the Select 1 Full Page box found on the right side of your screen among the Print Options 2 Redraw the Selection Area to your specifications by placing the cursor at one corner of the desired area and holding down the left mouse button while dragging the mouse to draw a new rectangle 11 3 Using the Print Preview Pane The Print Preview pane lets you review the boundaries of the Selection Area before you print Once you have defined your Selection Area refer to the Print Preview pane in the upper right corner of your screen The red rectangle and X represent the portion of map that will be printed The white rectangle background represents the sheet of paper in the current printer Note To switch printers change margins or paper orientation click on the Page Setup button To Review the Boundaries of the Selection Area 1 The dark blue rectangle in the Print Preview pane indicates the portion of the Selection Area currently in view on screen 2 Move the cursor within the Print Preview pane A light blue rectangle and targeting circle will appear 3 Left click to center the main screen map display on the point indicated by the light blue targeting circle Target the boundaries of your Selection Area to confirm that the select
21. precisely describe positions on the Earth For more information about coordinates and coordinate systems see 13 1 Determining Location and Reading Coordinates Waypoints When a location s coordinates are assigned a name and stored in TOPO or in a GPS receiver it becomes a waypoint As Michael Ferguson author of GPS Land Navigation points out a waypoint is not a physical location on the ground but rather the coordinates that approximate that location The actual locations of waypoints created in TOPO will usually be within 25 meters of where they appear to be on the map Most GPS receivers today however are only accurate to about 100 meters When you arrive at your destination your GPS might still report that you have up to 0 05 miles to go Note Some Magellan receivers use the term landmark in the place of waypoint Routes and Legs Most handheld GPS receivers also support routes A route is a series of waypoints that have been linked in a certain order into a sequence of legs A leg is a straight segment going from one of the waypoints of the route to the next A route consisting of 3 legs will therefore have 4 waypoints Using routes makes it easier to navigate with your GPS when you intend to pass through several waypoints because your GPS will automatically switch to the next leg when you arrive at the previous leg s destination waypoint To learn how to create GPS routes in TOPO see section 14 3 below Tracks
22. profile before printing see p 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles 11 7 Copying and Exporting Maps Individual map selections can be copied and pasted into other applications or exported to disk for use in other programs Copying a map to the clipboard 1 Define your Selection Area using the Print Tool see p 11 2 above Choose Copy Map from the File menu to copy the current Selection Area to your computer s clipboard The map can then be pasted into documents graphics files etc in accordance with the terms of the User Agreement Exporting maps 1 Define your Selection Area using the Print Tool see 11 2 above Choose Export Map to Disk from the File menu to save the current Selection Area to disk for attachment to e mail or for use in other applications You will have the option to specify the graphics file format in which you would like the map saved i e bmp jpeg gif tiff etc Note Maps saved as graphics files are for export to other applications and cannot be opened again in TOPO 11 8 Suggestions for Maps Too Large to Print on a Page There are many ways to get a large map in TOPO to print using the smaller size of paper that your printer accepts Here are 4 different methods you can try Method 1 Select the Custom magnification option then choose Magnify or reduce selected map to exactly fit one page This will let you define the exact map boundaries of the area you would like to print and TOPO w
23. projects Closing folders helps keep the Notes windows organized You can cut paste copy and create new folders by right clicking on a note 16 10 Printing notes photos web and document links At the time of this publication printing notes is not supported An upgrade may now be available Check www nationalgeographic com topo for latest version of TOPO Appendices A Pop up Editors Any custom information you add to a map in TOPO routes waypoints direction lines text labels and symbols can be thought of as objects All objects contain pop up editors that provide options To access a pop up editor 1 Select an object by placing your cursor over it The cursor will change to a hand symbol 2 Click the right mouse button and the editor will appear Tip Waypoints and GPS routes can only be edited or activated when you are using the Waypoint Tool To pop up an editor on a waypoint be sure you are using the Waypoint Tool To pop up an editor on other TOPO objects use any tool except the Waypoint Tool Setting the Default Appearance for Objects Created in TOPO The initial appearance color font width etc of objects created in TOPO is defined by a tool s default settings The Use As Default command located in an object s pop up editor allows you to set the default to match that object s appearance For example if you would like the Route Tool to draw thick green lines when you use it you would first create a
24. route on the map and set its Color to green and its Style to thick Then choose Use As Default from its pop up editor All routes you draw in the future will also be green and thick unless you change the default again to something else Note Waypoints and GPS Routes do not have appearances that can be individually changed You can change how the waypoint labels appear from the Preferences menu and this will affect the labels on all of the waypoints at once B Modifying and Deleting Objects Most objects you add to a map in TOPO can be displayed on any or all map levels or deleted entirely Waypoints and GPS Routes are the exception they automatically appear on all levels of map To copy objects to other map levels The Modify Style button located in an object s pop up editor allows you to copy an object from the map level it was created on to other levels of map For example a long route drawn across many screens at the most detailed level could be copied to a less detailed level to be viewed in its entirety on one screen To copy routes symbols and text to other map levels 1 Choose Modify Style from an object s pop up option menu A menu of map levels will appear with checkmarks next to levels on which the object is currently displayed 3 Left click an unchecked level to copy the object to that level 4 Or left click a checked level to remove the object from that level Note Waypoints and GPS Routes automatica
25. set both of them to display in the same format UTM coordinate system UTM or Universal Transverse Mercator is another commonly used coordinate system especially for navigating on land Instead of referencing imaginary grid lines on the globe UTM projects sections of the globe onto a flat surface Each of the 60 sections called zones cover 6 of longitude UTM zones start with zone number which lies between longitude 180 the International Date Line and longitude 174 W and run east to zone 60 A UTM position is described by three elements the zone it is in an easting value and a northing value Eastings and northings measure how far into a zone a position is in meters Eastings are an east west measurement that corresponds to longitude Northings are a north south measurement that corresponds to latitude By comparing two UTM positions that are within the same zone you can determine how far apart they are on land the difference in their eastings tells you how far east in meters one position is from the other the difference in their northings tells you how far north in meters one position is from the other Reading coordinates in TOPO Look in the lower right corner of the status bar to find coordinate information By default coordinates are displayed in degrees minutes seconds using the latitude longitude coordinate system The default datum is the North American Datum of 1983 NAD83 This datum is essentially equivalent
26. specific map scale The coordinate pane displays the latitude and longitude or UTM values of locations previewed in the search dialog box Locations in the gazetteer are limited to features labeled on the maps For a list of definitions for each of the feature types when you are using a USGS set of maps choose About the Maps from the Help menu 7 6 Searching for GPS Locations The Coordinate Locator will find a given latitude and longitude or UTM location on the map To search for a coordinate 1 From the View menu choose Coordinate Locator or left click the coordinate display in the lower right corner of the status bar 2 Use the keyboard to enter the latitude and longitude or UTM values of the position you want to find 3 Choose the map level that you want to view the position on 4 Click the Go button to jump to that position on the map 5 The position you entered will appear at the center of your screen at the intersection of the red cross hairs Tip To enter a UTM coordinate you must set the Coordinate Display in the Preferences menu to UTM The Coordinate Locator can also be used to measure direction and distance between a location on the map and a coordinate value entered into the coordinate locator For example you could place an anchor point on a bridge and enter the coordinates of a summit and the Coordinate Locator will report the direction and distance between the two locations To determine the direction and
27. the tpo file from which a map comes as well as the date To modify the header choose this option This will display the full text of the current header which can then be edited or changed Include Elevation Profile Includes the most recent elevation profile that has been generated for a route at the bottom of the printed map Output in Grayscale Use this option for best results when printing maps in black and white Scroll the Map to View This option permits you to view the boundaries of your selection area Move Selection Boundaries Allows you to move the selection area in a particular direction to an adjacent map area for printing tiled maps Compass Tool Allows you to customize how direction is displayed and how the compass tool works You can toggle between the following True North The direction that most topographic maps are oriented toward straight up on the map Magnetic North The direction most compasses point toward Radial Mode The anchor point remains fixed at point A when a direction line is created from point A to point B This is useful when you want to measure direction from one location on the map to several other locations Waypoint Mode The anchor point moves to point B when a direction line is created from point A to point B This is useful when you want to measure a series of directions along a route GPS Settings Opens a window that lets you change the following GPS settings GPS Receiver Specify th
28. the Tool menu Position the cursor and left click on the map Choose Link To website in Notes Property Window Enter the address for the website you want to link to and choose OK RYN 16 5 To add a link to a document Choose Notes from the Tool menu Position the cursor and left click on the map 3 Choose Link to Document in Notes Property Window Ne 4 Enter or browse for the location of the document and click Tip You can link to any type of document including media clips such as movies and sounds Clicking the link will play a movie or sound if your PC is configure to play these types of files 16 6 To edit a note Right click a notes icon on the map or in the Note Window to open the Notes Property Window for editing 16 7 To move a note 1 Choose a note by positioning your cursor over it 2 Hold down the left mouse button and drag Tip Check the bookmark only box in a Notes dialogue box to create a note without a corresponding icon This is useful when you want to make it easy to jump to a specific location on the map but don t want to clutter the map with icons 16 8 Opening and closing the Notes Window To close or reopen the Notes Window click on the gray bar to the left or choose Notes from the View menu 16 9 Using folders to organize information Notes information can be easily organized in folders Storing information in folders lets you easily access notes related to a specific trip activity or
29. way to learn to use all of TOPO s features Check it frequently for tips help with tools route mileages and information about custom objects 4 3 Quick Guide to Printing Most of the maps in TOPO are much larger than a printed page The Print Tool allows you to easily define a page sized area of map for printing or exporting maps to a handheld To print a map from TOPO do the following 1 Choose Print from the File menu A red rectangle with an X through its center will appear on the map This rectangle shows the current Selection Area its size defaults to the amount of map that will exactly fit on the printed page 2 Left click on the map at the center of the area you wish to print You can also drag the Selection Area rectangle around on the map to adjust the print boundaries 3 Click the Print Map button at the lower right portion of the screen Tip If you are not printing on a color printer go to the Preferences menu and select the Print Tool submenu Then select Output to Grayscale This setting will give you the best output to a black amp white printer For more information about printing maps see chapter 11 Printing Copying and Exporting Maps 4 4 Downloading Free Trail and Recreation Information from MapXchange http www nationalgeographic com trails You can download free up to date trail and recreation information at the MapXchange website http www nationalgeogaphic com topo All of the free d
30. GPS receiver s memory and have only the waypoints and routes loaded for your current trip If you want to share GPS data with other TOPO users save a tpg file to a floppy disk or attach it to an e mail Saving GPS waypoints and or GPS routes e From the File menu select Save tpg File or Save tpg File As This will save all your current waypoints and routes in a tpg file for later reference For example you could maintain individual tpg files to keep track of GPS waypoints and routes for each of your favorite hiking trails When you want to review a particular trail or load it back into your GPS select Open tpg File from the File menu Merging tpg files e From the File menu select Merge tpg File This allows you to combine the contents of one or more tpg files into one larger file For example you may wish to merge all your individual tpg files with GPS information on biking trails to create a master file containing route and waypoint information for all of your favorite rides Tip After merging select Save tpg File As from the File menu if you wish to preserve the original contents of the tpg file you just had open Creating New tpg files e From the File menu select New tpg File If you have created many waypoints or routes and wish to start placing new information on a clean slate open a new tpg file to wipe clean any active waypoint and route data Be sure to save any such data first if you
31. NT WILL NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC AND ITS DIRECTORS OFFICERS OR EMPLOYEES BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL INCIDENTAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS BUSINESS INTERRUPTION AND LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION ARISING FROM THE USE OR THE INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE AND THE ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS 2 Exclusive Remedy Your exc lusive remedy as well as National Geographic and its suppliers entire liability arising from or in connection with the Software Documentation Reproduction and or this License will be the refund of the license fees or the replacement of defective comp onents of the Software In no event will National Geographic total liability for any damages direct or indirect in connection with the product the product documentation and or this License exceed the license fees paid for your right to use this copy of the product whether such liability arises from any claim based upon contract warranty tort or otherwise 2001 National Geographic Holdings Inc All Rights Reserved V 3 0 TOPO and Pocket TOPO are trademarks of National Geographic Inc TOPO is a registered trademark GIF LZW Software Licensed under U S Patent No 4 558 302 and foreign counterparts 2 0 Welcome to TOPO Sync and Pocket TOPO Thank you for purchasing a TOPO Interactive Map product These products feature high quality digital maps based on U S Geological Survey and National
32. TOPO User Manual Table of Contents TOPO and TOPO GPS License Agreement Welcome to TrailSmart TOPO and TOPO GPS Installing and Running TOPO or TOPO GPS For People Who Don t Read Manuals 4 1 Pop up Option Menus 4 2 Using the Status Bar 4 3 Quick Guide to Printing 4 4 Downloading Free Trail and Recreation Information from the MapXchange Accessing Other Information and Getting Help 5 1 Accessing Information About the Maps and Parks 5 2 Accessing the Map Legend 5 3 Status Bar Help 5 4 On Screen Help 593 Technical Support and www nationalgeographic com topo Managing your Maps and Saving your Work 6 1 Opening and Saving Region tpo documents 6 2 Bookmarks 6 3 Merging tpo Documents 6 4 Deleting Custom Objects from a tpo file Navigating and Searching the Maps 7 1 Zooming 7 2 Traveling 7 3 Centering 74 Overview Maps 7 5 Searching for Named Locations 7 6 Searching for GPS Locations Creating and Using Routes 8 1 Drawing a Route 8 2 Displaying a Route on Multiple Map Levels 8 3 Measuring and Displaying Distance 8 4 Extending or Shortening a Routes 8 5 Splitting a Route 8 6 Joining Routes 8 7 Starting a Route on Top of Other Custom Objects Measuring Direction 9 1 True North and Magnetic North 10 11 12 13 14 9 2 Radial Mode and Waypoint Mode 9 3 Measuring and Displaying Direction 9 4 Placing an Anchor Point on Top of Other Custom Objects Building and Understanding Elevation P
33. a profile or change the appearance of a direction line use the options menu see Appendix A Pop up Option Menus 9 4 Placing an Anchor Point on Top of Other Custom Objects You can place an anchor point on top of other routes symbols text labels or direction lines without selecting the custom object below This can be useful if you wish to set the anchor for a direction line on a specific location on the map where you have already placed a custom object Choose Compass from the Tool menu Hold down the Ctrl key Move the cursor over the object and place the anchor for the direction line Release the Ctrl key Ree 10 0 Building and Understanding Elevation Profiles TOPO can generate an Elevation Profile for any route you trace on the map An elevation profile is a graphic representation of the vertical gain and loss along a route Elevation profiles can show the following statistics for a route total gain total loss net gain average grade and true overland distance Elevation profiles can be printed copied and saved to disk for use in other applications 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles Once you have drawn a route you are ready to build an elevation profile The Build Profile command located in the pop up editor will generate the profile See Appendix A for more on Pop up Editors After drawing a profile TOPO displays the route s statistics in the profile window Interactive features in the profile window a
34. a to the Hard Drive tpg Documents 14 10 Importing Exporting GPS Data to Other Applications 15 Using Maps with Handheld Computers 15 1 15 2 15 3 15 4 15 5 15 6 15 7 15 8 15 9 15 10 15 11 15 12 15 13 15 14 15 15 Installing Pocket TOPO How Do I Export Maps to a Handheld Using Pocket TOPO Moving Around on a Map Using Symbols Using Text Using Routes Using Notes Using Direction Lines How Do I Put Maps on my Handheld Computer How Do I Change my Display Units How Do I Locate a Point on the Map How Do I Read a TOPO Map Updating Desktop TOPO with Information from Pocket TOPO How Do I Import a Map from a Handheld Computer to TOPO 16 Linking Notes to Maps 16 1 16 2 16 3 16 4 16 5 16 6 16 7 16 8 16 9 16 10 Appendices MOOS To Add Notes to the Map To Add a Text Note to the Map To Add a Photo to the Map To Add a Link to a Website To Add a Link to a Document To Edit a Note To Move a Note Opening and Closing the Notes Window Using Folders to Organize Information Printing Notes Photos Web and Document Links Pop up Editors Copying and Deleting Objects Preference Settings Tips Tricks and Frequently Asked Questions Troubleshooting 1 0 TOPO and Pocket TOPO License Agreement TOPO amp Pocket TOPO BY INSTALLING THIS SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT USE THE SOFTWARE RETURN
35. aced a custom object l Choose Text or Symbol from the Tool menu 2 Hold down the Ctrl key 3 Move the cursor over the object and place the Symbol or Text box 4 Release the Ctrl key 13 0 Customizing the Maps with Waypoints and Grids TOPO provides a powerful set of navigational tools that can help you plan a trip on screen and customize printed maps to keep you oriented in the backcountry Drawing your intended route on the map p 8 1 Drawing a Route and building an elevation profile of it p 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles will give you a good sense of how difficult the trip will be and how much time you should budget for it Including a scale bar and north arrow on your custom print outs p 11 6 Including Reference Data will make it more useful for compass navigation The focus of this chapter is on yet another set of navigational aids that can make your printed maps easier to use in the field waypoints and grids Note If you use a GPS receiver you ll benefit from reading both this chapter and the next Even if you don t have a cable to link your GPS to your computer including waypoints and grids on your print outs will allow you to use the coordinates reported by the GPS receiver to pinpoint your position on the map 13 1 Determining Location and Reading Coordinates Coordinates are the numbers and or letters that precisely describe positions on the Earth As you move the cursor over the map window TOPO dis
36. aphic com topo for update information Why won t TOPO work with my printer Your printer must be compatible with Microsoft Windows and support printing of grayscale or color graphics to work with TOPO If your printer is compatible with Microsoft Windows and you are still having problems see Appendix E Troubleshooting How can I reverse the direction of an elevation profile TOPO builds elevation profiles from the start point of a route to the end point You can reverse the direction that a profile builds by adding a small segment of route to the start point and then rebuilding the profile see 8 4 Editing Routes What if the map I want to print is larger than a page There are several ways to print a large region of map from TOPO See 11 8 Suggestions for Printing Large Maps How can I find everything within a one mile radius of a central point Use the Compass Tool to place an anchor at the central point From the Preference menu be sure that the Compass Tool is set to Radial Mode As you move the cursor the distance from the anchor point to the cursor is displayed in the left corner of the status bar When the cursor is exactly one mile from the anchor point click to draw a direction line Continue this process for at least 8 different points spread in a circle Use the Ruler Tool s straight line mode to connect the ends of the directions line you have placed You may then delete the direction lines and what remains
37. distance to a distant landmark s location Use the Compass Tool to place an anchor point on the map see Measuring Direction p 9 0 Choose Coordinate Locator from the View menu Enter the latitude and longitude or UTM value for the desired destination point TOPO will display the distance and direction from the anchor point to the new coordinate in the Coordinate Locator window EUD Tip The coordinate locator will measure direction and distance from a point on the map to coordinates that are outside of the area of coverage This can be useful for determining which direction to look to view distant landmarks such as summits 8 0 Creating and Using Routes The Route Tool is essential for measuring distance customizing maps building elevation profiles and creating GPS routes 8 1 Drawing a Route 1 Choose Route from the Tool menu 2 Position the cursor over the map where you want the route to begin 3 Left click and release the mouse to begin drawing a new route The pencil cursor will change from horizontal to an upright position to indicate that you are in drawing mode 4 When your route is complete left click to stop drawing For straight line segments 1 Hold down the shift key while drawing to start a straight segment The pencil cursor icon will be replaced by a targeting cursor 2 Position the targeting cursor where you would like to end the straight line segment If you position the cursor at the edge of t
38. e 360 in a circle 0 north 90 east 180 south 270 west 9 1 True North and Magnetic North TOPO can display directions relative to True North the direction that most topographic maps are oriented toward straight up on the map or relative to the magnetic north pole that a compass points toward You can toggle between these two modes via the Preferences menu see Appendix C Preference Settings 9 2 Radial Mode and Waypoint Mode The Compass Tool can be used in two different modes Radial Mode is useful when you want to measure the direction from one location on the map to several other locations The anchor point will remain fixed at point A when a direction line is created from point A to point B Waypoint Mode is useful when you want to measure a series of directions along a zig zagging route ex from A to B then from B to C then from C to D etc The anchor point will move to point B when a direction line is created from point A to point B You can toggle between these two modes via the Preferences menu see Appendix C Preference Settings 9 3 Measuring and Displaying Direction To measure direction from an anchor point to your cursor 1 Choose Compass from the Tool menu 2 Position the cursor where you would like to place an anchor point 3 Left click to place an anchor point Once you have placed an anchor point on the map TOPO displays the direction and distance from the anchor point to your cursor
39. e are still many ways you can enhance your printed maps for use with a GPS see chapter 13 Customizing the Maps with Waypoints and Grids 14 3 Creating GPS Routes A GPS route is a series of waypoints that are arranged in the order that you intend to travel Each route you create in TOPO GPS will appear as a separate folder in the Waypoint List see section 14 8 below This section will describe three different methods for creating routes in TOPO GPS Note When a GPS route is active it will appear red on the map and in the Waypoint List Any new waypoints you place on the map will be added to the end of an active route Inactive routes appear blue To create a GPS route from a freehand route drawn with the Route Tool l Use the Route Tool to draw a route see 8 1 Drawing a Route 2 Once your route is complete position the cursor over the route and right click the mouse to access the pop up option menu 3 Select Create GPS Route from the pop up options This will bring the TOPO GPS Route Wizard up on your screen 4 You will have the option to enter a Prefix for New Waypoints This prefix plus a number for each sequential waypoint will serve as the name for your GPS waypoints 5 Next select the Number of New Waypoints to Create along Route 6 Left click Finish to create your GPS route Note Routes created with the Route Wizard will consist of a set of evenly spaced waypoints You can edit such a route by draggi
40. e manufacturer of your GPS receiver TOPO supports GPS receivers made by Eagle Lowrance Garmin and Magellan as well as any receiver that outputs NMEA sentences for real time tracking only COM Port Specify which COM port the GPS receiver is connected to If the COM port number is not apparent try them all starting with COM1 Baud Rate Set the baud rate for transferring data to and from your GPS receiver If you have trouble transferring data successfully it may be helpful to decrease the baud rate Test GPS Connection Verify a working connection between GPS receiver and computer Receiver Limits Specify parameters for text characters maximum numbers of waypoints routes and tracking points etc that your GPS receiver can accept These settings should be made automatically when you choose a receiver type from the pull down list however you can edit these settings if you need to Waypoint Labels Choose which information to include in waypoint labels Name Only Displays the waypoint name only Coordinate Only Displays the waypoint coordinates only Both Name and Coordinate Displays both name and coordinates Hide Waypoint Labels No waypoint label displayed just the waypoint symbol Backdrops On Off Backdrops highlight Waypoint Label information making label text stand out on the map If you find that other useful information is being obscured by these backdrops you may prefer to leave them off Time Format Cho
41. e the map to a floppy disk in a graphics format of your choice You now have a standard graphics document that can be opened by an image processing or desktop publishing program Bring the floppy disk to another location to print at and open the file you created with a standard image processing or desktop publishing program How can I load maps onto the hard drive of a laptop computer When you run the TOPO Installer a TPO_DATA folder is created on your hard drive You should find this folder in the same directory as the TOPO application probably in C TOPO Any folders that you copy from the CD ROM data folder into the TPO_DATA folder will be accessible by TOPO Each of the folders you copy must include all of its contents to work properly You do not need to copy all of the folders to your hard drive TOPO will read any folders you do not copy from the CD ROM If you have enough space on your hard drive for all of the maps on the CD ROM you can copy the entire data folder from the CD ROM directly onto your hard drive usually C How can I get more information about TOPO and the different map regions currently available Contact National Geographic Maps or visit www nationalgeographic com topo E Troubleshooting This section lists some common problems that users have encountered and how to solve them Visit our web site for the latest information about troubleshooting problems in TOPO or contact us by emai
42. ed area is what you want to print 11 4 Page Setup Options Printer Type Paper Size Orientation Margins Left clicking the Page Setup button will open the Page Setup screen displaying current specifications for paper size and source as well orientation and margins e To select a printer other than the current default printer select the Printer button in the lower right corner of the Page Setup screen Left click on the arrow on the right side of the Printer pull down bar to select a printer from the available options e Maps can be printed in either a Portrait or Landscape configuration by selecting the appropriate option on the Page Setup screen e Margin specifications are also displayed on the Page Setup screen To change any margin click on the current measurement to highlight it then type in your new specifications 11 5 Adjusting the Magnification of the Printed Map Magnification of the print area can be adjusted to blow up or reduce a selected area of map The Suggested setting will print your Selection Area at 50 magnification This should give the best results on most color ink jet printers Use the Custom setting to achieve any of the following results e To increase the magnification of the map click the Custom magnification button then enter a scaling factor of 75 100 or even larger e To reduce the magnification of the map click the Custom magnification button then enter a scaling factor of 40 or e
43. es created for export to handhelds may not be distributed and are for your personal use To learn more about posting and downloading mapXchange files visit www nationalgeographic com mapxcchange Imagery for web sites We ask that you obtain a supplementary license in writing from National Geographic before you reproduce display or distribute any Reproductions as Graphic Images over the Internet or other electronic networks In many cases this license is available free of charge Please contact National Geographic for more details for extended use licenses at topo ngs org or 415 558 8700 3 Property Rights The Software Documentation and the Data that comprises the Reproductions are owned and copyrighted by National Geographic with all rights reserved You may make one copy of the Software for backup purposes The Software represents and embodies trade secrets of National Geographic and or its licensors These trade secrets are not licensed to you and any modification addition or deletion is prohibited You agree to take all reasonable steps to protect the Software from unauthorized copying or use 4 Term This License is effective until terminated This License and your right to use the Software terminate automatically if you violate any part of this agreement Should the Agreement be terminated you agree to return all copies of the Software Documentation and Reproductions furnished to you or made by you and all copies to National Geogra
44. exporting To learn more about managing or expanding your handheld memory check with your handheld user guide or manufacture Tip You can export one or multiple levels of maps To export multiple levels zoom to the most detailed map you wish to export and choose the print export tool Tip Machines fail batteries die and glare from the sun can make a viewing a screen difficult For all of these reasons it is always a good idea to take a printed map along in addition to a handheld computer or GPS receiver 15 3 Using Pocket TOPO Pocket TOPO allows you to work with TOPO maps on your PocketPC device Simply clip out a section of map from the desktop TOPO software and export it to your handheld All your symbols routes text notes and direction lines will be available for viewing and modifying in Pocket TOPO Note Large maps may consume large amounts of memory on your device so it is recommended that you select an area that is no larger than you need Maps with a lot of custom routes symbols and notes may perform slowly You may also add new TOPO objects to a map by clicking on tool icons at the bottom of the screen then interacting with the map while the tool is selected 15 4 Moving around on a map Pocket TOPO provides two ways to move around on a map Grab When the navigation tool is in grab hand icon mode you can simply tap on the map and drag it to a new position Travel To cause the map to travel
45. fied or if necessary severed to the extent necessary to eliminate its invalidity or unenforceability and the other provisions of this agreement will remain unaffected Limited Warranty and Warranty Disclaimer 1 Limited Warranty and Warranty Disclaimer National Geographic warrants the disk on which the Software is to be distributed to be free from defects in materials and workmanship and that the unaltered Software will perform substantially in accordance with the documentation for a period of 90 days from the date you purchased the license to the Software Any written or oral information or advice given by National Geographic dealers distributors or employees will in no way increase the scope of this warranty National Geographic makes no other warranties express or implied including without limitation the implied fitness for a particular purpose regarding the Software National Geographic does not warrant guarantee or make any representations regarding the use or the results of the use of the Software in terms of its correctness accuracy reliability currency or otherwise You assume the entire risk as to the results and performance of the Software THIS LIMITED WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHT YOU MAY HAVE OTHERS WHICH VARY FROM JURISDICTION TO JURISDICTION NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IS INNO WAY RESPONSIBLE FOR PERSONAL INJURY OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF ITS SOFTWARE OR GEOGRAPHICAL DATA IN NO EVE
46. file window changes the size of printed and exported profiles 10 4 Printing Copying and Exporting Elevation Profiles Elevation profiles can be printed with a map or independently copied to the clipboard and saved to disk for use in other applications To print an elevation profile with a map 1 Build a profile of a route see p 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles Select the Print Tool and the Print tab 3 Check the Elevation Profile box among the Print Options at the lower right corner of your screen The active profile will automatically be printed with your map See Chapter 11 for more on printing maps To print an elevation profile without the map 1 Build a profile of a route see p 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles 2 From the File menu choose Print Profile 3 Set the options and choose OK to print To copy an elevation profile to the clipboard or export it to disk 1 Build a profile of a route see p 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles 2 From the File menu choose Copy Profile or Export Profile to Disk Tip Profiles saved to disk are for use in other applications They cannot be reopened in TOPO To use a profile again later rebuild it from the route 11 0 Printing Copying and Exporting Maps Most of the maps in TOPO are much larger than a printed page The Print Tool allows you to easily define an area of map for printing or copying to the clipboard Maps can be printed in color or black amp white
47. he GPS menu The Wizard screen will appear GF Specify To a GPS receiver that is now connected to the PC as the destination of your GPS data and click the Next button 4 Choose the type of GPS information you wish to export and specify datum and GPS settings 5 Before you begin exporting to your GPS you may wish to test the connection with your PC by clicking the Test GPS Connection button 6 Click the Finish button Depending on what you requested in step 4 you should see waypoints and or routes now stored in your GPS receiver Note In order to import directly from your GPS receiver you must have the necessary cable and your receiver must support PC upload download If you are having trouble see 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver Tip Print a map from TOPO with the Waypoint Labels preference turned on The names of waypoints on the printed map will correspond exactly with the waypoints you have loaded into your receiver 14 6 Downloading from a GPS Receiver Import Wizard Importing data from your GPS receiver is an excellent way to see where you ve been When you import waypoints routes and or tracks into TOPO they automatically appear on the maps Importing data is also a good way to manage and store GPS data gathered in the field Once you ve downloaded waypoints into TOPO and saved them on your hard drive see section 14 9 below you can clear them from your GPS receiver so you won t have to scroll through them all when
48. he center of the cursor indicates that it is possible to zoom out No symbol in the center of your cursor indicates maximum zoom Variable Zoom Feature The Pop up Variable Zoom feature allows you to magnify or reduce the map currently being viewed It can be accessed while using any tool You can magnify the current map to better view a certain area and draw routes with greater precision You can also reduce the current map to get an overview of the area and view more of your custom work on screen Tip The Variable Zoom feature changes the scale of the current map but not the level of detail It is useful for magnifying or reducing certain map areas where you are adding custom information To change the level of detail use the standard Zoom Tool To magnify the map using Variable Zoom Function 1 Right click on the map to access the Pop up Zoom menu 2 Choose Magnify Map from the menu 3 Select one of the three Reduce levels 25 33 50 to get an overview of the current map Select one of the three Magnify levels 200 300 400 to enlarge the current map 4 Select Normal 100 to return to the standard scale for the current Map Level in TOPO Note When you switch Map Levels the Variable Zoom always returns to its normal setting at 100 magnification 7 2 Traveling The traveling tool allows you to move the map in any direction and travel from map to map without interruption It is automatica
49. he screen the map will scroll automatically 3 Release the shift key to end the line segment To correct a mistake while drawing 1 Hold the right mouse button down and backtrack as far as necessary to erase Tip Activate the Hotspot Magnifier from the View menu to display a magnified view of the area immediately surrounding your cursor This feature makes it easier to draw accurate routes or trace existing trails 8 2 Displaying a Route on Multiple Map Levels Routes like all custom objects added to the maps can be displayed on any or all map levels To specify which map levels you wish a route to be displayed on see Appendix B Modifying and Deleting Objects 8 3 Measuring and Displaying Distance Once you left click to finish drawing a route TOPO automatically calculates the route s distance This information can be viewed temporarily or placed in a text label Tip The distance calculated does not account for terrain and elevation changes If you wish to determine the actual terrain distance build an elevation profile See Section 10 0 for more information on elevation profiles Displaying distance at a glance 1 TOPO will display the route distance on the status bar at the bottomof your screen when you place the cursor over any part of your route Placing a text box with route distance on the map 1 Display the route distance in a text label by positioning the cursor over the route and right clicking the mouse 2
50. ill scale that area to fit on a single page Method 2 Use the Custom magnification option to select a print scale of 40 or even smaller This will enable you to select a much larger portion of map Also remember to check the Select 1 full page option so that your map will not get cropped at the edges Method 3 Zoom out and try printing the region from a smaller scale map For example if you are trying to print a large portion of a 1 24 000 scale map see if printing the same region from a scale of 1 63 360 will give enough detail for your needs Method 4 Print a large map in several tiled sections To do this check the Select 1 full page box then position the Selection Area so that it includes the top left portion of the map that you are tiling Print Map then use the Move Selection Boundaries command in the Print Tool submenu of the Preferences menu to move the red rectangle north south east or west exactly one page Print the new section of map and it will join the first map perfectly Continue this process for as many pages of map that you need 12 0 Customizing the Maps with Text Symbols and Routes Customizing the Maps TOPO makes it easy to create custom maps Use the text symbol and drawing tools to annotate the maps The pop up option menu lets you customize an object s color font size width etc All information you add can be easily saved and deleted Information you add to the maps is included on TOPO printouts and e
51. in the text boxes on the GPS Setup screen 7 If you have changed the baud rate i e transfer speed in your GPS receiver verify that the Baud Rate specified on the GPS Setup screen matches your GPS receiver s baud rate See your GPS receiver manual for more information about setting the baud rate 8 Verify that the COM Port specified on the GPS Setup screen is the same port you connected the cable to in step 1 If you aren t sure try each of the options in the pull down menu starting with COMI and clicking the Test GPS Connection button each time 9 Click the Test GPS Connection button A properly connected receiver will send a message that includes the text OK You are now connected and ready to send and receive data If you do not receive this message try checking your cable connections restarting your receiver and repeating the above instructions If you continue to have trouble visit our web site at www topo com to see if a recent solution has been posted to the support page TOPO supports most popular handheld GPS receivers If you do not see your receiver manufacturer or model in the pull down menus on the GPS Setup screen visit www topo com for a complete list of supported receivers and downloadable upgrades for new models Also visit our web site for new Connecting to GPS updates and free upgrades Note TOPO GPS requires a good cable connection between your GPS receiver and the communications port on you
52. k blue rectangle represents the area currently on display 3 Position the light blue rectangle over the area of map you wish to jump to 4 Left click to jump to the light blue rectangle s location Tip To close or reopen the overview maps click in the gray bar to their left or choose Overview Maps from the View menu 7 5 Searching for Named Locations TOPO contains a comprehensive database of place names and natural features that allows you to easily search the maps for a specific location All of the information contained in the database or Gazetteer is from the USGS Geographic Names Information System GNIS The Gazetteer lists locations alphabetically or by feature type To search for a named location Choose Find Gazetteer from the Viewmenu Choose List All Features from the search dialog box To narrow your search choose List Only Features of Type and choose a specific feature such as Summit or Lake to search by Begin typing the first few letters of the location you are looking for Click on an entry in the list to preview its location on a small overview map To jump to the selected location click the Go button The location you selected will appear at the center of your screen at the intersection of the red cross hairs N An w Tips Explore the feature type locale for campgrounds ski areas and other points of interest Use the pull down Go To This Map Level menu to jump to a location at a
53. l at topo ngs org Problem Can t install TOPO If you are getting error messages when you try to run the Install Wizard follow the steps for the problem listed as Error message says Floating Point Error to turn off background applications Then try running the Install Wizard again If you still have trouble you can perform a manual installation instead of using the Wizard 1 First create a new folder called TOPO on the hard drive usually C Insert CD choose the CD ROM drive and open it You should see the region s data folder called SFR_DATA LAR_DATA or something similar Open it Find the Backup folder in the list Open it and select all of the contents Right click of the highlighted contents and choose Copy from the pop up list 5 Go into the TOPO Folder on the hard drive and right click inside then choose Paste from the pop up list This will copy the files TOPO needs to run from the CD ROM to your hard drive 6 Double click on TOPO exe found in the TOPO folder to run TOPO WX Problem Can t find all the maps or Error message says Can t find CD ROM 1 Many TOPO map regions are distributed as 2 CD sets Have you found the second disc 2 Is the CD ROM clean and smudge free Run water over the CD disc to clean it and dry with a soft lint free cloth Try running TOPO again 3 Does this happen sporadically If you can get into TOPO once make some change to the map add
54. latitude and longitude in North American Datum of 1983 NAD83 which is essentially equivalent to WGS84 Distance Units Distance can be displayed in miles or kilometers Elevation Units Elevation can be displayed in feet or meters Traveling Tool Allows you to control how fast the maps scroll while you are using the traveling tool These settings only affect maps that are already in memory and cannot change how fast maps load from your CD ROM drive Change this setting if TOPO is scrolling the maps too quickly or too slowly Print Tool menu allows you to specify your preferred print settings Options include Page Setup Allows you to specify paper size and source portrait or landscape orientation and print margins Select 1 Full Page Automatically defines a print selection area that will fill one page Custom Magnification Use this option to magnify or shrink user defined selection areas to print on one page or to print at a specific magnification factor Include Scale Bar Includes a map distance reference bar in your print Include North Arrow Places an indicator on your print identifying both true and magnetic north Include Grid Labels Prints the latitude and longitude or UTM coordinates of the grid lines along the edges of the printed map If you have chosen not to include grid lines on your map TOPO will print the coordinates of the four corners of your print area instead Include Header Includes by default the name of
55. les into the tpo file you are currently viewing This can be useful if you have stored custom information in different files but wish to view all of it on the same map To merge another region tpo document into the current one Choose Merge Region from the File menu The Open File dialog box will appear displaying a list of regions that you have installed Choose a region and click OK A dialog box will appear showing what types of custom objects routes symbols text labels direction lines and bookmarks are in the file you have selected to merge 5 Verify that there is a checkmark in the box next to each type of custom object you wish to merge then click OK PRUD NOTE The tpo file you choose to merge must either be from the same map region you are currently viewing or from a map region with overlapping coverage For example you can merge a Yosemite tpo file into another tpo file for the Yosemite CD ROM or into a tpo file for the TOPO California state product 6 4 Deleting Custom Objects from a tpo file You can categorically delete all custom routes symbols text labels direction lines and or bookmarks from a region tpo file by type of object This can be useful if you wish to simplify a tpo file or isolate certain types of custom objects For example you might want to share a custom map of a hike with another TOPO user but first delete all the symbols in the tpo file so as not to give away your favorite fishi
56. levation that vary from profile to profile depending on the amount of elevation change The following statistics about the route are displayed below the profile Total gain displays the sum of all the uphill segments along the route Total loss displays the sum all the downhill segments along the route Net gain displays the difference in elevation between the end and the start of the route Terrain distance is displayed in the status bar when your cursor is over the profile window It shows a distance from a route s start point to your cursor that includes the ups and downs along the route in addition to the horizontal distance Because terrain distance includes this vertical change as well as the horizontal change terrain distance more accurately reflects the true length of a route e Vertical Exaggeration is a number that reflects the ratio between the vertical scale elevation and the horizontal scale distance of a profile It is displayed as a number followed by an x It describes how much a profile has been stretched to fit the elevation profile window For example an exaggeration of 4X means that hills along the profile appear four times steeper than they actually are Tip Ifa route s net gain is positive the route ends at an elevation that is higher than the elevation where it began if negative the route ends lower than where it began It is possible to determine the grade of a section of profile by selecti
57. llow you to identify where a point on the profile is located on the map zoom in on a specific section of the profile and change the scale of the profile To use the Build Profile command 1 Draw a route using the Route Tool see p 8 1 Drawing a Route 2 Choose the route by placing your cursor over it 3 Right click the mouse to access the route s pop up editor then choose Build Profile see Appendix A Pop up Options Menus 4 TOPO will gather data and display the profile in the elevation profile window 5 To close the elevation profile pane grab the top of the pane and drag it down or de select Elevation Profile from the View menu Tip Elevation profiles can be built from routes direction lines and GPS routes To avoid confusion be sure the cursor is over the correct route line when constructing a profile When using the Waypoint Tool only waypoints and GPS routes can be selected Use any other tool to select a freehand route drawn with the Route Tool 10 2 Understanding the Profile and Profile Statistics The elevation profile is a graph it shows the vertical gain and loss along the course of the route on the map The vertical axis shows elevation in feet or meters above sea level its units run along the left edge of the profile The horizontal axis shows distance from the start of the route in miles or kilometers its units run along the bottom edge of the profile Blue and green color bands indicate fixed units of e
58. lly appear on all levels of map Deleting objects Any objects you add to a TOPO map can be deleted by selecting Delete from the pop up editor or by using the delete button on your keyboard To delete an object using the option menu 1 Choose the object you wish to delete by positioning your cursor over it 2 Right click on the object and select Delete from the pop up editor To delete an object using the keyboard 1 Choose the object you wish to delete by positioning your cursor over it 2 Press the delete key on your keyboard Reminder Deleted objects are permanently deleted Save multiple versions of a tpo file on your hard drive if you want to be able to go back to an earlier version later C Preference Settings The Preference menu at the top of the screen lets you customize tool settings display options and units of measure Checkmarks next to items indicate options that are currently selected Choose an unchecked item to select it instead Coordinate Display Allows you choose how coordinates are displayed and what map datum the coordinates are referenced to Choose from Degrees Minutes Seconds Displays degrees followed by minutes and seconds Degrees Minutes Minutes Displays degrees and decimal minutes Degrees Degrees Displays decimal degrees UTM Displays Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates NAD27 Datum View latitude and longitude in North American Datum of 1927 NAD27 NAD83 WGS84 Datum View
59. lly selected when your cursor is near the edge of the map To scroll the map with the Traveling Tool 1 Choose Traveling from the Tool menu or simply position the cursor near the edge of the map when using another tool 2 Position the arrow cursor in the direction you want to move 3 Hold the left mouse button down to begin traveling 4 Release the mouse button to stop traveling Tips The Traveling Tool is automatically selected when your cursor is near the edge of the map To control the traveling speed move the cursor toward the edge of the map to speed up or closer to the center to slow down You can also adjust the traveling speed from the Preference menu 7 3 Centering The Centering Tool will bring any location to the center of your screen To use the Centering Tool l Choose Centering from the Tool menu 2 Position the cursor on the map 3 Left click to center the cursor s location 7 4 Overview Maps Zooming in on a small detailed portion of a large map can be disorienting To help you stay oriented TOPO provides two overview maps on the right side of the screen A dark blue rectangle on the overview map indicates the area of map you are viewing Notice that as you travel the rectangle s position is updated on the overview maps To navigate using the Overview Maps 1 Place your cursor over the Overview Maps on the right side of the screen A light blue rectangle will appear in place of your cursor The dar
60. longitude elevation or other criteria just by clicking the appropriate Waypoint List column heading For example if you want to find the closest waypoints to a given location on the map choose Compass from the Tool menu and click on that location to place the Anchor symbol Then click the column heading titled To Anchor at the top of the Waypoint List The waypoints will be reorganized and listed in order by how far they are from the anchor symbol on the map Tip If you re printing a map and just want to upload the waypoints that appear on it to your GPS sort the list by clicking on the In Selection column Then highlight the group labeled Yes and upload them via the Export Wizard Editing GPS routes using the waypoint list Existing waypoints can be cut and pasted into GPS routes from the Waypoint List Right click on a waypoint or route in the list to access a pop up option menu for it For details on how to construct a route in this manner refer to the end of section 14 3 above 14 9 Saving GPS Data to the Hard Drive tpg Documents Like tpo files see section 6 1 tpg files allow you to save and organize different sets of custom data But whereas tpo files contain route symbol text and bookmark information tpg files are concerned exclusively with preserving GPS waypoint and route data These files are the perfect place to store waypoints and routes that you might want to use at a later date They allow you to clear your
61. ly timed radio signals ground stations that control those satellites and handheld GPS receivers that use the radio signals to calculate your position on the earth Most handheld receivers on the market today will lock on to the signals needed from at least 3 satellites and display the coordinates of your position within a minute of turning it on outdoors If you are moving the GPS receiver will also report your heading and speed If you have entered waypoints into its memory the receiver can report how far away those locations are and in what direction Properly used a GPS receiver can help guide you to your destinations without getting lost To navigate to places you have never been before with your GPS you need to create waypoints for those places in advance and to do this you need the coordinates latitudes and longitudes of those places TOPO is the easiest way to plan your GPS adventure just click on the map and TOPO will display the coordinates for you TOPO GPS a special version of TOPO designed specifically for GPS users makes the process even easier after clicking down waypoints on the map you can link your GPS to your PC with a cable and transfer the waypoints automatically Note To learn more about GPS visit www topo com or contact Wildflower Productions To learn how to operate a particular GPS receiver please refer to the manual that came with it Coordinates Coordinates are the numbers and or letters that
62. mmerce or other government agency before it may be taken or sent outside of the United States Licensee agrees to obtain any required license before taking or sending the Software outside the United States Licensee will not permit the export or re export of the Software without obtaining required licenses of letters of further assurance 7 Governing Law This agreement will be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of California of the United States of America as applied to transactions entirely within California between California residents 8 Entire Agreement This agreement sets forth the entire understanding and agreement between National Geographic and you and may be amended only in a writing signed by both parties NO VENDOR DISTRIBUTOR DEALER RETAILER SALES PERSON OR OTHER PERSON IS AUTHORIZED TO MODIFY THIS AGREEMENT OR TO MAKE ANY WARRANTY REPRESENTATION OR PROMISE WHICH IS DIFFERENT THAN OR IN ADDITION TO THE REPRESENTATIONS OR PROMISES OF THIS AGREEMENT 9 Waiver No waiver of any right under this agreement will be effective unless contained in writing signed by a duly authorized representative of National Geographic and no waiver of any past or present right arising from any breach or failure to perform will waive any future right arising under this agreement 10 Severability If any provision in this agreement is invalid or unenforceable that provision will be interpreted limited modi
63. n To move a symbol 1 Choose a symbol by positioning your cursor over it 2 Hold down the left mouse button and drag To copy and delete symbols See Appendix B Copying and Deleting Objects 12 3 Changing the Color and Style of Symbols and Routes To change a symbol s icon or color 1 Choose a symbol you have placed on the map by positioning your cursor over it 2 Right click to access the symbol s pop up editor 3 Select a new symbol or color from the Modify Style button Reminder When a symbol is chosen TOPO replaces your cursor with the pop up option menu cursor that is shaped like a hand To change the color or style of a route Choose a route you have drawn on the map by positioning your cursor over it Right click to access the pop up editor To change the color of the route select Modify Style To change the width of the route select Modify Style To choose what levels a route is displayed on select Modify Style Ce Ge a To add routes to the map See p 8 1 Drawing a Route To edit routes See p 8 4 Editing Routes To copy and delete routes See Appendix B Copying and Deleting Objects 12 4 Placing Text and Symbols on Top of Other Custom Objects You can place text and symbols on top of other routes symbols text labels or direction lines without selecting the custom object below This can be useful if you wish to place a text box or symbol in a specific location on the map where you have already pl
64. ne place to another To draw a direction line 1 Tap the direction line tool North symbol 2 Tap once on the map to place an anchor the start of the line 3 Tap again at the ending point and drag to move the arrowhead 15 10 How do I Put maps on my handheld computer Use the desktop version of TOPO to copy maps to your Pocket PC Within TOPO you can select a portion of a map to be sent to your handheld device Refer to the TOPO User Guide included in the desktop TOPO software for more help Note Maps can occupy a large amount of memory on your handheld device so you should select only the portion of map that you will need 15 11 How do I change my display units Pocket TOPO allows you to view display units in several formats To change the display units tap the Tools menu near the lower left corner of the screen and choose Options from the menu 15 12 How do I locate a point on the map To locate a point on the map simply tap in any open space A context menu will appear Choose Map Location from the menu A dialog will tell the latitude and longitude of the point on the map 15 13 How do I read a TOPO map The ups and downs of an area its mountains and hills its valleys and plains are shown on a topographic map by thin brown lines called contour lines A contour line is an imaginary line on the ground along which every point is at the same elevation above sea level The distance in elevation between one c
65. ng and viewing it in greater detail see below Zooming in on a profile and determining average grade Tip To change between feet and meters or miles and kilometers use the Preference menu See Appendix C Preference Settings 10 3 Viewing Profile Details Identifying Points Along the Elevation Profile on the Map As you move the cursor over the profile horizontal and vertical guides will appear to help identify the distance and elevation of a particular point along the profile Clicking on the profile will identify corresponding locations on the profile and on the map To identify a location on the map that corresponds with a point on the profile Click on the profile at a point you wish to identify TOPO will place two yellow dots one on the map and one on the profile These yellow dots represent corresponding locations Each time you click TOPO will update the yellow dots and display the distance from the start of the route to the yellow dot PWN To label a point on the profile and map When TOPO builds a profile any waypoints along the route are displayed in the profile Use the Waypoint Tool see p 13 3 Creating Waypoints on the Map to place waypoints on the map anywhere you want along the route Then build a profile Zooming in on a profile and determining average grade After building a profile you can select a portion of it to view in greater detail TOPO will display the average grade for the selected area The ave
66. ng its waypoints to other locations on the map deleting some of its waypoints and or inserting new waypoints by clicking on one of its legs To create a GPS route by clicking down waypoints on the map l Choose Waypoint from the Tool menu Choose New Route from the GPS menu This will create an empty folder in the Waypoint List and it will be red meaning that it is active and ready to have waypoints added to it 3 Position your cursor over the start of your intended route and left click to place the first waypoint Give the waypoint a name and click OK to place it on the map It will become part of the active route you created in step 2 4 Move your cursor to the next location that you d like to place a waypoint and left click This waypoint should be displayed with a red line connecting it to the previous waypoint in your route 5 Continue to place as many waypoints along your route as you want up to the maximum allowed by your GPS receiver Note If a route is active red when you create new waypoints on the map those waypoints will automatically be added to the end of that active route If you want to remove a waypoint from a route right click on the waypoint and choose Cut To place waypoints on the map that do not belong to any routes first deactivate all routes by selecting Close Routes Deactivate from the GPS menu To create a GPS route from a set of existing waypoints 1 Select the waypoints from the Waypoint Li
67. ng spots To delete custom objects from a region tpo document 1 Choose Delete Contents New from the File menu The Confirm Deletion dialog box will appear showing what types of custom objects routes symbols text labels direction lines and notes you may delete from the region tpo file 3 Verify that there is a checkmark in the box next to each type of custom object you wish to delete then click OK 7 0 Navigating and Searching the Maps TOPO s maps can be navigated in many ways You can zoom in or out to see different levels of map detail scroll seamlessly across map boundaries and jump instantly to any location for which you know the name or coordinate 7 1 Zooming The Zoom Toolis used to change the level of detail and the scale of the map you are viewing Map scale is the relationship of a distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the earth Generally a larger scale shows more detail than a smaller scale Zoom in with the Zoom Tool to view an area of map in greater detail Zoom out to see a larger area of map with less detail To zoom using the Zoom Tool 1 Choose Zoom from the Tool menu 2 Position the magnifying cursor where you want to zoom in 3 Left click to zoom in one level 4 Press the shift key on your keyboard and left click to zoom out one level Tip When you are using the Zoom Tool a symbol in the center of your cursor indicates that it is possible to zoom in A symbol in t
68. ographic features exact measurement of direction or distance or for similar purposes including but not limited to navigation tracking or emergency response This License grants you the right to use the Software on a single personal computer and a single handheld computer It does not authorize network use of any kind You may not decompile disassemble or use any method to discover the trade secrets contained in the Software You may not modify adapt translate rent lease timeshare or loan the Software You may copy elements of the Software onto the hard disk of your computer and load elements of the Software into RAM and the CPU of your computer Please call or write National Geographic for details regarding 5 or 10 packs network or site wide licenses You may transfer your rights under this Agreement by providing the recipient the Software and Documentation provided that you retain no copies of the Software or Documentation and that the other party agrees to the terms of this License Agreement 2 Output Limitations Hardcopy print outs This license grants you the right to create and reproduce an unlimited number of hard copy Reproductions for your personal in house business or intra institutional use subject to the property rights notice and credit requirements set forth below We ask that the National Geographic copyright notices appear in legible form on or adjacent to the reproduction in the following form For Maps Map crea
69. ontour line and the next is called the contour interval Some contour lines are marked with the interval at that point others must be determined by adding the contour interval from a known line to line you need to know When contour lines are far apart and evenly spaced they will indicate a gentle slope when they are close together they show a cliff or steep incline When contour lines cross a river or a stream they take on a V shape with the point of the V pointing uphill when they denote a ridge of a hill they become U shaped with the bottom of the U pointing downhill Tip Because the processing power on your handheld computer is limited you may experience difficulty navigating maps with many custom routes symbols and notes 15 14 Updating desktop TOPO with information from Pocket TOPO Annotations that you make to the maps in the field using Pocket TOPO can be made available to TOPO on your PC by importing a map 15 15 How do I import a map from a handheld computer to TOPO Connect your handheld to your PC Click the GPS and Handheldoptions button on the TOPO toolbar Choose Import Map from Handheld Follow the on screen wizards instructions A list of maps stored on your handheld will appear Choose the map you wish to import and click finish NAaAPWN 16 0 Linking Notes to Maps Photos Text Websites and Documents Use the notes tool to annotate the maps with custom photos notes links to websites and documents
70. or the latest troubleshooting tips on using TOPO GPS 15 0 Using Maps with Handheld Computers Exporting maps to your handheld computer is a great to way to take TOPO to go Map exports include any custom notes routes symbols or other information you have added to the maps Once you have exported maps from TOPO they become available to Pocket TOPO Pocket TOPO is a software application that runs on your handheld computer It lets you do the most of the things you can do with TOPO on your home PC To get started exporting maps first install Pocket TOPO 15 1 Installing Pocket TOPO Connect your handheld to your PC Click the GPS and Handheld options button on the TOPO toolbar Choose from the Install Pocket TOPO options Follow the on screen wizards instructions Once you have successfully installed Pocket TOPO you can begin exporting maps Ge 00 O 15 2 How do I export maps to a handheld Connect your handheld to your PC Use the print export tool on the TOPO toolbar to define the section of map you wish to export see Selecting an Area of Map to Print 3 On the print preview screen to the right of your map pane choose the PDA file tab 4 Click Exportto handheld 5 Following the on screen wizards instructions Nee Note The size of the area of map you can export is limited by the amount of free memory available on your handheld computer The export wizard will confirm how much free memory you have before
71. orted by TOPO will be a much more accurate reflection of the difficulty for most hikes Also try using the Hotspot Magnifier to view your routes in greater detail as you draw them Problem Can t get GPS link to work If you are having trouble with a GPS connection or can t upload or download GPS data see 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver If you still have trouble visit our support page at www nationalgeographic com topo for information about particular brands and models of GPS receivers
72. ose between UTC Universal or Greenwich Mean Time and local time in 12 or 24 hour format Time is recorded along with location each time a waypoint is created D Tips Tricks amp Frequently Asked Questions Why are some street names missing from the map The emphasis of the maps in TOPO is on topography depicting the terrain and natural landscape In urban areas a map shows the maximum number of street names compatible with the map scale after the application of essential descriptive labels and other features names Preference is given to the named principal or through arteries Additional names are shown at intervals to serve as ready points of orientation without unduly congesting the maps Why are some features incorrect or missing from the map Wildflower Productions uses the most current maps available at the time of publication While most landforms are correct man made features such as roads or trails may be missing or incorrect because the maps have not been updated To check the publication date of 7 5 USGS map or a TrailSmart map in TOPO choose About the Maps from the Info menu What about updates As new paper maps and data become available Wildflower Productions will provide upgrades Be sure to return the product registration card included with this product It will insure that you are notified as upgrades become available Upgrades will be available on CD ROM and downloadable from the Internet Visit www nationalgeogr
73. ote Connecting requires a GPS receiver that supports PC upload download and a compatible PC cable available from GPS retailers or manufacturers contact Wildflower Productions for help locating a dealer near you Setting up TOPO GPS and your GPS receiver for connecting 1 Attach one end of your PC cable to your GPS receiver and the other to an available communications port on your PC See your GPS receiver manual and your PC manual for more information about cable connections and communication ports 2 Power on your GPS receiver 3 If you are using a Garmin GPS check that your receiver s Interface mode is set to Garmin or GRMN GRMN See your Garmin manual for more information about setting the Interface mode 4 In TOPO GPS choose Change GPS Settings from the GPS menu The GPS Setup screen will appear 5 Choose your GPS manufacturer and model from the pull down menus If you do not see your specific model in the pull down menu choose None of the Above If you do not see your manufacturer in the pull down menu you can select one of the NMEA options and use TOPO GPS with a laptop for live tracking visit our web site at www topo com to see if a new version is available that supports upload and download for your receiver 6 TOPO GPS will automatically set the baud rate and receiver limits for the receiver you selected in step 5 If you need to you can edit any of the limits or settings by entering new values
74. over the tools and windows that the status bar provides brief descriptions of commands symbols buttons and other parts of the screen When your cursor is over the map the status bar provides help with the tool that is currently active Status bar help is an excellent way to become fluent with TOPO s many features Check it frequently for tips messages and help using the tools 5 4 On Screen help In addition to this Users Guide TOPO provides on screen help for reference while you are using TOPO From a list of topics you can access most of the information contained in this User s Guide To use the on screen help l Choose Help using TOPO from the Info menu 2 TOPO will display an index of topics 3 Click the topic you want to view 5 5 Technical Support and www nationalgeographic com topo Visit the TOPO home page located at http www nationalgeographic com topo for information about upgrades new regions user news and messages from the developers If you encounter system errors or are having problems using TOPO that are not discussed in this manual or on the TOPO web site you can contact National Geographic for technical assistance by email at topo ngs org or by telephone at 415 558 8700 6 0 Managing your Maps and Saving your Work TOPO allows you to save any information you add to the maps The information is saved as a MapXchange tpo file 6 1 Opening and Saving tpo Documents A MapXchange tpo document
75. ownloadable maps at MapXchange are provided in tpo files that you can open edit and save with your copy of TOPO tpg files are provided for TOPO GPS users To download these free custom maps visit the MapXchange website select your TOPO region and follow the instructions to download a map file To post your own custom map on the MapXchange site simply create a custom tpo or tpg file visit the site and follow the instructions there to upload your custom file 5 Accessing Information and Getting Help Accessing information TOPO provides extensive information about the maps and data contained in the program It is intended to answer many questions you have about topographic maps Digital Elevation Models the Geographic Names Information System as well as maps and mapping in general To access information about the maps and data l Click the Info button on the toolbar or choose About the Ma ps and Data from the Info menu 2 Choose a topic from the pull down topics list 3 Click Exit to return to the maps 5 2 Accessing the Map Legend Choose Legend from the Info menu For USGS maps use the pull down category list to choose a category of symbols Place your cursor over a symbol in the legend to identify it Click Exit to close the map legend FQ 5 3 Status Bar Help The status bar located at the bottom of the TOPO window is a quick and convenient way to get help while you are running TOPO Notice as you move your cursor
76. phic including copies resident in the computer s memory 5 U S Government Restricted Rights If this Software is acquired by or on behalf of any unit or agency of the United States Government this provision applies This Software a was developed at private expense and no part of the software application was developed with government funds b is a National Geographic trade secret for all purposes of the Freedom of Information Act c is restricted computer software submitted with restricted rights in accordance with 52 227 19 a through d of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights Clause and successors d in all respects is proprietary data belonging solely to National Geographic and e is published and all rights are reserved under the copyright laws of the United States For units of the Department of Defense DOD this Software is licensed only with Restricted Rights as that term is defined in the DOD Supplement to the Federal Acquisition Regulations 52 227 7013 c 1 iii and its successors Use duplication or disclosure of the Software by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision b 3 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 252 227 7013 of the DOD FAR Contractor manufacturer is National Geographic 375 Alabama Street Suite 400 San Francisco CA 94110 6 Export Laws Licensee understands that the product may require a license from the U S Department of Co
77. plays the cursor s coordinates in the status bar at the lower right corner of your screen TOPO lets you display these coordinates in either of two coordinate systems latitude longitude or UTM switch from one to the other via the Preferences menu Latitude longitude coordinate system The latitude longitude system is the most common coordinate system in use today Latitude describes how far north or south of the equator a location is lines of latitude circles that are parallel to the equator and to one another are also called parallels Longitude describes how far east or west of the Prime Meridian Greenwich England a location is lines of longitude half circles that extend from the north pole to the south pole are also called meridians A position in the latitude longitude system is described as being the intersection of a line of latitude and a line of longitude Latitudes go from 0 at the equator to 90 N at the North Pole and from 0 at the equator to 90 S at the South Pole Longitudes start at 0 at the Prime Meridian and run west to 180 W and east to 180 E where they meet The latitude is usually listed first then the longitude as in 37 76417 N 122 41194 W This example was given in decimal degrees but the same position could be given in degrees and decimal minutes as 37 45 850 N 122 24 717 W or in degrees minutes seconds as 37 45 5 1 N 122 24 43 W When using TOPO with a GPS receiver be sure to
78. r PC Make sure the PC cable is correctly attached to both your receiver and the PC 14 5 Uploading to a GPS Receiver Export Wizard Exporting data from TOPO to your GPS receiver is a great way to help you get where you want to go When you exp ort waypoints and routes created in TOPO GPS they become available to you in your GPS receiver When you re out using your GPS you ll be able to select any of those waypoints or routes and your GPS will help guide you to them Creating waypoints and routes in TOPO is much easier than creating them manually in your receiver Just click on the map to place waypoints and use the keyboard to give those waypoints names Uploading data directly can save hours of work Waypoints and routes will appear in your receiver as you named them in TOPO and if your receiver supports waypoint messages they will appear as well TOPO GPS allows to store all your GPS data on your PC Just load the data you need for a particular trip into your receiver and your GPS will have a list of waypoints that s easy to manage and keep track of when you re using it When you return download all the GPS data and save it in a tpg file This way you can delete old waypoints and routes from your receiver but still have a backup on your PC hard drive if you ever want to upload them again to the GPS To upload to a GPS receiver 1 Connect your GPS to your computer see section 14 4 above Select Export Wizard from t
79. rage grade is a percentage that reflects the ratio of the total amount of elevation change to the total horizontal length of the selected portion of route For example a section of route that climbs 3000 feet and drops 2280 feet in the course of 5 miles would have an average grade of 20 total elevation change 3000 2280 5280 feet I mile divided by five miles 20 To view a portion of profile in greater detail 1 After building a route left click on the Magnifier button in the right corner of the elevation profile window The elevation profile will split into two panes The right pane displays the entire profile with a selected area defined by two red vertical lines The left pane displays the selected area in greater detail The average grade of the selected area is displayed in the left pane To change the selection area grab either of the red selection bars in the right pane and drag or click outside of the selection area 7 Resize the elevation panes by grabbing the splitter bar that separates the left and right panes and dragging 8 Click the magnifier button to close the magnification pane and view the entire profile AMRWN Resizing the Profile Window to Fill Your Screen When elevation profiles are built they are scaled to fit in the profile window To see the entire profile in greater detail grab the horizontal splitter bar that separates the map and profile windows and drag it up to fill your screen Tip Resizing the pro
80. rofiles 10 1 Building Elevation Profiles 10 2 Understanding the Profile and Profile Statistics 10 3 Viewing Profile Details 10 4 Printing Copying and Exporting Elevation Profiles Printing Copying and Exporting Maps 11 1 Quick Guide to Printing 11 2 Selecting an Area of Map to Print 11 3 Using the Print Preview Pane 11 4 Page Setup Options Printer Type Paper Size Orientation Margins 11 5 Adjusting the Magnification of the Printed Map 11 6 Including Headers Elevation Profiles and other Reference Data 11 7 Copying and Exporting Maps 11 8 Suggestions for Maps Too Large to Print on a Page Customizing the Maps with Text Symbols and Routes 12 1 Adding Text to the Maps 12 2 Adding Symbols 12 3 Changing the Color and Style of Symbols and Routes 12 4 Placing Text and Symbols on Top of Other Custom Objects Customizing the Maps with Waypoints and Grids 13 1 Determining Location and Reading Coordinates 13 2 Using the Coordinate Locator 13 3 Creating Waypoints on the Map 13 4 Moving and Editing Waypoints 13 5 Modifying the Waypoint Labels 13 6 Using Grids Using TOPO With a GPS Receiver 14 1 A Quick Start Guide to GPS 14 2 Creating Waypoints 14 3 Creating GPS Routes 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver 14 5 Uploading to a GPS Receiver Export Wizard 14 6 Downloading from a GPS Receiver Import Wizard 14 7 Tracking your Position in Real Time 14 8 Managing Waypoints and Routes The Waypoint List 14 9 Saving GPS Dat
81. sert the TOPO Sync CD ROM Choose the Run command from the Start Menu 3 Type D S etup exe If your CD ROM is not drive D substitute the correct drive letter in place of D 4 Click OK and follow the instructions on the screen 5 The TOPO Install Wizard with place the TOPO application and other files TOPO needs to run properly onto your hard drive To run TOPO 1 From the Windows Start menu choose Programs then choose TOPO 2 The main screen appears follow the instructions 4 0 For People Who Don t Read Manuals Reading this short chapter will point out some of TOPO s key features that are easy to miss GPS users should also browse chapter 14 Using TOPO with a GPS Receiver 4 1 Pop up Editor Many of TOPO s most important features like elevation profiling can only be accessed from pop up editors All objects that you add to maps routes waypoints direction lines symbols and text labels contain pop up editors that provide options These menus can be accessed by placing your cursor over an object and holding the right mouse button down Don t miss them Tip Waypoints and GPS routes can only be edited or activated when you are using the Waypoint Tool To pop up an option menu on a waypoint be sure you are using the Waypoint Tool 4 2 Using the Status Bar The status bar running along the bottom of the TOPO window provides real time help and information The status bar is an excellent
82. should be polygon roughly 1 mile in diameter How can I determine if a location such as a summit is visible from another location such as a trail intersection Draw a direction line using the Compass Tool from one of the locations on the map to the other see Measuring Direction Section 9 0 Then build an elevation profile from the Pop up Option Menu of the direction line see Building and Printing Elevation Profiles Section 10 0 Hold a straight edge such as a ruler or piece of paper up against the monitor or printed profile so that its edge passes through the start and end points of the profile If any land comes between the two locations out in the field you should see a portion of the elevation profile sticking up above the straight edge as well Note There may still be trees buildings or other obstructions between the two locations that are not accounted for by the elevation data corresponding to the ground How can I keep track of information I have added to the maps Use the Bookmark Tool to keep track of any information you add to the maps This will both create a list of information you have added and let you quickly get back to it later For more information about managing your maps see 6 0 Managing your Maps and Saving your Work How can I create a map to print somewhere else Set up the map as if you were going to print it Instead of using the Print Map command use the Export Map to Disk command Sav
83. st easily by dragging them on the map If you want to edit a waypoint s coordinates name or elevation open its Waypoint Editor Choose Waypoint from the Tool menu Position your cursor over the waypoint and right click Select Properties from the pop up editor This will open the Waypoint Editor where you can edit the waypoint s properties Click OK to apply any changes you ve made to the waypoint AWN 13 5 Modifying the Waypoint Labels Waypoint Labels can include as much or as little information as you would like To specify what information will be displayed in your waypoint labels l Select the Preferences menu from the menu bar 2 Select the Waypoint Labels sub menu You can choose to have labels display Name Only Coordinates Only or Both Name and Coordinates or you can select to Hide Labels leaving the point marked with just the Waypoint symbol The Waypoint Labels sub menu also offers the choice between having Backdrops On or Backdrops Off Backdrops highlight Waypoint Label information making label text stand out on the page However if you find that other useful information is being obscured by these backdrops you may prefer to leave them off Tip If you plan to use your printed map with a GPS receiver set the Waypoint Labels to display Both Name and Coordinates and place waypoints at any locations you might wish to visit You ll then have the information your GPS needs to guide you when you re out on the trail
84. st that you wish to include in the new route Hold the Ctrl key down while you left click each desired waypoint 2 Right click on one of the highlighted waypoints in the Waypoint List and choose Copy from the pop up option menu 3 Select New GPS Route from the GPS menu A red empty folder will appear in the Waypoint List 4 Right click on the red Empty folder icon and select Paste from the pop up option menu TOPO GPS will automatically create a route linking them Note The order in which waypoints are copied from the Waypoint List will determine the order in which they appear in your route Route sequence can be altered by cutting and pasting to adjust the order in which waypoints appear in your route folder Waypoints get pasted after the waypoint that is currently highlighted To paste a waypoint at the beginning of a route highlight the folder icon for the route itself 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver Connecting TOPO GPS directly to your GPS receiver is easy A direct connection allows you to automatically send waypoints and routes you have created in TOPO GPS to your receiver so that you can later navigate to those places using the GPS A direct connection also allows you to download waypoints routes and tracks of places you have been from your receiver directly onto TOPO s maps If you have a laptop computer you can also use the direct connection to see your current location continuously updated on a moving map display N
85. ted with TOPO 2001 National Geographic www nationalgeographic com topo For Profiles Profile created with TOPO 2001 National Geographic www nationalgeographic com topo You may distribute hard copy Reproductions on paper as long as the Reproductions are distributed freely without charge in a non commercial manner and the National Geographic copyright notice appears in legible form or National Geographic is given legible credit as described in paragraph of the output limitations section We ask that you obtain a supplemental license in writing from National Geographic before you reproduce any Reproductions in a publication that is for sale resale or that contains paid advertisements In many cases this license is available at no charge Exports for Pocket TOPO You may use the Software to create and transfer Reproductions to a handheld device for use with Pocket TOPO for your personal use Exports for GPS receivers You may use the Software to create and transfer Reproductions to GPS receivers for your personal use MapXchan ge files tpo amp tpg You may use the Software to create and distribute an unlimited number of MapXchange tpo amp tpg format files to other licensed TOPO users via e mail ftp and removable storage media as long as the Reproductions are distributed freely without charge in a non commercial manner in the tpo and tpg format that can be read by the TOPO software MapXchange tpo fil
86. to WGS84 used by most GPS receivers Unless you have a specific need to change the datum you should leave it on its default setting Elevation appears to the right of the coordinates and is given in feet or meters above mean sea level in the North American Vertical Datum of 1929 Tip Use the Preference menu or right click on the coordinate display to change the coordinate style 13 2 Using the Coordinate Locator See p 7 6 Searching for GPS Locations 13 3 Creating Waypoints on the Map The Waypoint Tool makes it easy to use TOPO with your GPS receiver Waypoints placed on the maps at key locations such as trailheads water sources and backcountry destinations provide the information a GPS receiver needs to guide you to those places Waypoints can also serve as common points of reference if you print multiple maps at varying scales Waypoints placed on the map automatically store the coordinates of their location They can be named and labeled with text messages and have a date time stamp indicating when they were created Waypoints can be used singly to mark a trailhead or other landmark point or they can be used in combination to help guide you from point to point along a trail or across open wilderness Once these waypoints have been created they can be programmed into your GPS receiver for easy navigation Conversely waypoints and landmarks logged in the field with your GPS receiver can later be entered and stored as waypoints in TOPO
87. ur computer has frozen while waiting for a map to print try waiting a few minutes If the computer is still frozen press the Ctrl Alt Delete keys to exit TOPO and or restart Windows Then run TOPO and try the following 1 Ifthe error message reads Could not create appropriate bitmap or Unable to copy image try closing TOPO and setting the monitor to display 256 colors right click on the desktop and choose Properties then choose Settings This will let you print a much larger area of map with the same amount of memory Restart TOPO and try your print again 2 Ifstep 1 did not solve the problem try printing a small map 2 x 2 If this works the problem is most likely that you need more memory Graphic images like the maps in TOPO require more RAM to print than other types of images 3 Other things to try Turn the printer off and then on again this will clear the printer s memory cache If you are on a network disconnect from the network and try again Problem Error message says Floating Point Error or Illegal Operation during use 1 Turn off background applications ESPECIALLY Norton Utilities Virus Scan Dr Solomons or Macafee crash protection software Follow these steps to turn background applications off e Windows 95 98 or NT Hold down the Ctrl Alt and Delete keys to access the Close Program window e Windows 3 1 Double click on the desktop to access the Task List
88. using your GPS on your next trip If you need to access the waypoints in the future you can always open the file in TOPO and upload them back to your receiver To download from a GPS receiver 1 Connect your GPS to your computer see section 14 4 above 2 Select Import Wizard from the GPS menu The Wizard screen will appear 3 Specify In a GPS receiver that is now connected to the PC as the source of your GPS data and click the Next button Choose the type of GPS information you wish to import and specify datum and GPS settings Before you begin importing from your GPS you may wish to test the connection with your PC by clicking the Test GPS Connection button 6 Click the Finish button Depending on what you requested in step 4 you should see waypoints routes and or tracks appear on the maps and in the Waypoint List an Note In order to import directly from your GPS receiver you must have the necessary cable and your receiver must support PC upload download If you are having trouble see 14 4 Connecting to a GPS Receiver 14 7 Tracking your Position in Real Time Portable computer users can track their location in real time as they travel by having their GPS receiver send location updates to TOPO GPS at regular intervals You might want to try this when searching for a trailhead or navigating on dirt roads Please be careful don t click and drive Displaying or marking your current position a single time 1
89. ven smaller e To get an exact area defined on the map to expand or shrink to fit a page click the Custom magnification button then choose Magnify or reduce selected map to exactly fit 1 page 11 6 Including Headers Elevation Profiles and other Reference Data The Include section in the lower right corner of the Print Options pane allows you to choose the marginalia that will be printed around the borders of your map Note Data elements selected for inclusion will only appear on your print not on the screen e Check the Scale Bar box to include a distance scale reference bar in your print e North Arrow will place an indicator on your print identifying both true and magnetic north e The Grid Labels option will print the latitude and longitude or UTM coordinates of the grid lines along the edges of the printed map If you have chosen not to include grid lines on your map TOPO will print the coordinates of the four corners of your print area instead e Selecting the Header check box will include by default the TOPO region file from which a map comes as well as the date To modify the header double click the left mouse button on the Header checkbox This will display the full text of the current header which can then be edited or changed e Check the Elevation Profile box to include a profile below the printed map If you have not yet built a profile for the desired route or if you have built other profiles since then build a
90. xports 12 1 Adding Text to the Maps Use the Text Tool to add text labels to the map After creating a text label you can edit how the text appears using the pop up option menu Text labels can be easily moved and deleted To use the text tool 1 Choose Text from the Tool Menu 2 Position the cursor and left click on the map 3 Enter text in the text dialog box and click OK 4 TOPO will place the text label at your cursor s location To move a text label 1 Choose a text label by positioning your cursor over it 2 Hold down the left mouse button and drag To change the appearance of a text label 1 Choose a text label by positioning your cursor over it Click the right mouse button to access the pop up editor see Appendix A Pop up Editor To edit a text label change the text To change the size or font of the text choose Modify Style To change the color of the text choose Modify Style To change the background color select the Backdrop pop down menu An w To copy and delete text labels See Appendix B Copying and Deleting Objects 12 2 Adding Symbols to the Maps Use the symbol tool to add symbols to the map TOPO contains a library of symbols to choose from Symbols can be easily moved or deleted after they have been placed To use the Symbol Tool l Choose Symbol from the Tool menu 2 Position the cursor and left click on the map 3 TOPO will place the default symbol at your cursor s positio

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