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DSP-4000 Series

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1. 3 34 Test Summary PASS i Cable ID ROOM123 PORTB Site ABC BANK Date Time 08 09 2000 09 06 17a m Operator JOHN DOE Test Standard TA Cat 6 Basic Link Standards Version 4 06 Software Version 4 06 Cable Type UTP 100 Ohm Cat 6 NVP 69 0 Fault Anomaly Threshold 15 FLUKE DSP 4100 S N 1234567 LIAO81 Shield Test N A FLUKE DSP 4100SR S N 0000001 LIA081 Wire Map 12345678S PASS FLEET LL 12345678 Length ft Limit 308 Pair 12 111 HDTDR dB Attenuation Prop Delay ns Limit 518 Pair 12 163 50 60 Delay Skew ns Limit 45 Pair 12 7 od ees 50 Resistance ohms Impedance ohms Limit 80 120 Pair 12 114 of Anomaly ft Attenuation dB Pair 36 12 6 ep eee gt ey Frequency MHz 250 0 50 Limit dB 31 8 0 ft 407 1 Frequency MHz 350 Worst Margin Worst Value PASS MAIN SR MAIN SR dB NEXT Remote Worst Pair 12 36 3645 1236 36 45 100 NEXT dB 63 4 43 2 43 8 43 2 80 Freq MHz 13 0 242 0 222 5 242 0 60h Limit dB 56 1 35 5 36 1 35 5 Worst Pair 36 45 36 45 Q PSNEXT dB 40 7 41 7 40 7 41 7 QO ae as gee Freq MHz 223 0 242 0 223 0 242 0 o Limit dB 33 6 33 0 33 6 33 0 1 Frequency MHz 350 PASS MAIN SR MAIN SR dB ELFEXT dB ELFEXT Remote Worst Pair 78 36 12 45 36 45 36 45 100 ELFEXT dB 28 0 30 6 27 6 2
2. Horizontal cabling Test equipment cord Basic Link LIA Test Tool Work Area Transition outlet Wall outlet Test equipment cord Basic Link LIA Smart Remote Figure 3 1 Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link oy68f eps 3 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f eps Figure 3 2 Typical Test Connections for a Channel 3 4 Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications closet Permanent link adapter Test tool Horizontal cabling Work Area Consolidation point opt
3. Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA ia Channel LIA C Smart Remote Test Tool oy08f eps Figure 4 1 Single Test Connections for Twisted Pair Cabling Channel Connections Shown 4 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX High Definition Time Domain Crosstalk analyzer displays the locations where crosstalk occurs on the cabling under test The HDTDX test uses very short 2 ns test pulses which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems resulting in more accurate distance to fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots The test is run from both ends of the cabling to help you identify crosstalk sources across the entire link length You can view the test results in a list or plot format The list format shows the largest crosstalk value detected on the cabling The plot shows all of the crosstalk detected The crosstalk values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate levels of crosstalk as they appear at the sources of the crosstalk If the crosstalk magnitude is near 50 you can expect the NEXT test to fail The HDTDX analyzer results are not intended for use in determining if cabling meets specifications the results are intended to
4. 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 Diagnostics Display fis Pin 1 Shorted Check Connector View HDTDR oy64i bmp Plot HDTDR Pair 1 2 100 0 ft 100 200 Reflection 44 at 140 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next 7 4x Pair oy65i bmp NEXT test fails Cr 127 ey Pairs 1 2 3 6 NEXT Failure Cable may be Bad Check Connector HDTDX Analyzer Pairs 1 2 3 6 100 0 ft 100 Cursor at 118 ft 200 T a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor T View Next HDTDX Pairs oy66i bmp oy67i bmp f me ga o HDTDR Pair 3 6 Impedance anomaly is a detected HDTDR plot shows an A impedance anomaly caused Pair 3 6 Impedance Anomaly by a 150 Q cable segment in a 100 Q run Check Wiring 10057 Ref lection 9 at 71 ft av Adjusts scale 4 gt Moves cursor View 4X Next 7 HDTDR Pair oy68i bmp oy70i bmp 7 31 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 32 Chapter 8 Maintenance and Specifications Chapter 8 provides the following information Instructions for cleaning and storing the test tool Instructions for replacing batteries A troubleshooting guide to use when the test tool is not operating correctly Instructions for returning the unit for repair A list of replacement parts and accessories Electrical and mechanical specifications Getting Software Upgrades Keeping your test tool s
5. Output Signal Balance 40 20 log f 100 37 20 log f 100 Common Mode Rejection 40 20 log f 100 37 20 log f 100 Tracking 0 5 dB Directivity 27 7 log f 100 25 20 log f 100 30 dB maximum 25 dB maximum Source Match 20 20 20 log f 100 20 dB maximum Return loss of Termination 20 15 log f 100 5 16 15 log f 100 25 dB maximum 25 dB maximum 8 13 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Notes for Table 8 4 1 Verification of dynamic accuracy is required up to the specified range for NEXT loss and FEXT loss 2 The dynamic accuracy is based on dynamic accuracy performance for insertion loss attenuation and NEXT loss and is assumed to combine the dynamic accuracy for ELFEXT as specified The FEXT loss dynamic accuracy is tested to 0 75 dB 3 Performance verification of residual NEXT and residual FEXT is up to 85 dB maximum with an assumed frequency response change of 20 dB decade 4 Performance verification of Output Signal Balance and Common Mode Rejection is up to 60 dB maximum with an assumed frequency response change of 20 dB decade 5 The performance requirements for tracking directivity and source match for the permanent link adapter apply after the permanent link adapters have been calibrated with the test tools they are attached to 8 14 Typical Measurement Accuracies The DSP 4000 Series test tools substantially
6. Item Utilization Last 1 second Utilization fiverage Utilization Peak Collisions Last 1 second Collisions fiverage Description Percentage of the network s transmission bandwidth used over the last 1 second Utilization includes correct frames collisions and jabber The percentage indicates the current traffic density The average of all the 1 second utilization percentages since the start of the test The highest 1 second utilization percentage recorded since the start of the test The percentage of collision frames as compared to the total number of frames detected in the last 1 second Collisions are counted when runt packets are detected The average of all the 1 second collision percentages since the start of the test Collisions Peak The highest 1 second collision percentage recorded since the start of the test Bottom of screen Sound On CD Sound OFF gt Stop Test If jabber is detected the message Jabber Detected appears in this space A jabber is reported if a frame is detected to be larger than the maximum legal size If no link pulse is detected the message NO LINK PULSE appears in this space Activates and deactivates a sound that represents network activity Stops the traffic test and freezes the screen To restart the traffic test press 4 21 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 4 22 Identifying Hub Port Connections The hub port locator helps you
7. Note for Model DSP 4300 When a memory card is present the VIEW DELETE TEST REPORTS function always shows the reports saved on the card When a card is not present the test tool shows the reports saved in internal memory Printing Test Reports 5 2 This section describes how to send reports directly to a printer If you want to send reports to a computer use the LinkWare software provided with the test tool See Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare toolbar for details The PRINT mode on the rotary switch lets you send saved Autotest reports or report summaries to a serial printer or a PC through the test tool s EI A 232C serial port You can also edit the header operator name and site name that appear at the top of reports Viewing and Printing Saved Reports 5 Printing Test Reports Configuring the Serial Port Before you send a report to a printer set the test tool s serial port settings to match the printer s serial port settings The serial port settings include baud rate flow control and printer type For the type of printer you can select Hewlett Packard Epson or Text Only The Text Only setting which omits formatting commands for the printer is suitable for sending Autotest reports to a terminal emulator or to a printer other than a Hewlett Packard or Epson To configure the test tool s serial port proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to PRINT Use tohighlightEdit Print Paramet
8. ID See Cable ID Impedance anomaly on coaxial cabling 3 26 anomaly on twisted pair 3 11 explanation of characteristic impedance 7 10 minimizing impedance discontinuities 7 11 test for twisted warning result Impulse noise threshold Incompatible standards versions 5 2 Incrementing cable IDs Inductive pickup device Insertion loss explanation of insertion loss 7 8 test for twisted pair Internal fault detected error message 8 4 K Keys for moving around screens 2 4 functions 2 19 L Language selecting quick start LED functions 2 22 2 43 Length test for coaxial cabling test for twisted pair variations between cable pairs 3 10 variations between measured and actual Length units selecting 2 40 selecting quick start 2 8 Link See Basic link Link interface adapter basic use features status tests supported by adapters A 2 Link performance ARa LinkWare 5 6 M Maintenance 8 1 Marginal test results 2 9 Memory capacity 3 27 capacity and type 8 23 24 full 3 31 maintained by lithium battery 8 3 space available 3 31 status 2 40 Memory card formatting 2 6 inserting and removing 2 6 Monitor hub port capabilities monitoring impulse noise 4 22 changing the noise threshold connections 4 24 screen items Monitoring network activity 4 19 connections screen items Multimedia card See Memory ca
9. which have merged EIA TIA 568 The EIA TIA Commercial Building Telecommunications wiring standard that defines generic telecommunications wiring for commercial buildings The standard covers topics such as maximum cabling lengths topology installation practices and performance specifications B 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 6 Equal Level Far End Crosstalk ELFEXT The difference between the FEXT and the attenuation of the disturbed wire pair in dB Good cabling performance corresponds to high ELFEXT values which result when FEXT is much higher than attenuation Ethernet A local area network protocol using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection CSMA CD Ethernet is available with four cabling alternatives thin coaxial standard thick coaxial twisted pair and fiber optic This protocol uses 10 Mb s baseband transmission and is defined by the IEEE standard 802 3 Far End Crosstalk FEXT The amount of coupling loss in decibels occurring when a signal generated at one end of one cable pair is received as crosstalk at the other end of another cable pair Higher FEXT levels correspond to better cabling performance Flash Memory Computer memory that requires no power to maintain its contents yet unlike ROM can be reprogrammed while installed in a system Foil Screened Twisted Pair FTP See Screened Twisted Pair Hardware Flow Control A hardware method of controlling data flow b
10. 2 4 2 5 2 7 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 5 3 6 4 2 4 3 4 5 4 6 7 1 8 1 8 3 8 4 8 6 A 1 List of Tables International Electrical Symbols 00 0 0 ee cece eeecesecesecseecaeecaeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeseeeseenaes Key Functions for the Menu System ee eceecseesesecesecesecssecaecsaeaecaeceeceeeaeeeaes Quick Configuration Settings cic eeceeceesceseceecssecsaecaeecseesaeeeeeseeeeeeeeseseenseenaes Main Unit Features ienee hidi eden aiden el et Remote Connectors and Features cccccccccssccecsssececseceeceesaeeecseseeeeesseeeeeseseeeeseeaeenss Status Indications from the Remote cccccccessceceessececseeeeeceneceeeesaeeecsesaeeesseeeeenenes Battery Status Messages cs ces tec aitsenk ne e hase EEEE anne Wire Map Displays i sccnsenc citi ga EE Us ites eS Items on the Attenuation Results Screen ceccccccccceessceceessececeeseeeeeseeeeceeseeeeeseeeeeess Items on the NEXT Results Screen cccccceccsccccesssecesssececeeseeecseseeeecsneeecseaeeesseeeeeeees Items on the ELFEXT Results Screen cccccccccsseceessececeeseeecseseeeecsueeeesesaeeesseeeeeeees Ttems on the ACR Results Screen ccccccecssececesseecesssececeeaececseseeeecseeecseaeeeesseeeeeess Ttems on the RL Results Screen siccin iaei i e iA Remote Requirements for Cable Tests cece ceecescesecseceeecseeeseeeeseeeeeseceaeesaeeaeeaee Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen oo eee cee cseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesee
11. Frequency MHz 200 __ Channel Level Ill Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link ae Level IIl Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Te Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Baseline Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Baseline Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 250 Figure 8 6 PSELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel oy91 eps Accuracy dB 50 100 150 Frequency MHz 200 Permanent Link ua Level Ill Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Baseline Level Ill a Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 s __ Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 t Baseline Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 250 Figure 8 7 Return Loss Measurement Accuracy for Channel Note The 3 dB rule generally applies at low frequencies oy92 eps 8 17 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Specifications for Cables lt 100 m 328 ft The following performance is typical for cables less than 100 m 328 ft Distance accuracy 1 ft 0 3 m 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ft or 0 1 m HDTDR Specifications for Cables lt 100 m 328 ft The specifications below are for HDTDR tests on cables less than 100 m 328 ft long Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Distance accuracy 1 ft 0 3 m 2 distance 1 ft 0 3 m
12. To configure a custom test proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down until you see the CONFIGURE CUSTOM TEST selection 3 Highlight a custom test name The default cable names are Custom Cable 1 througsh Custom Cable 6 An asterisk always proceeds and follows the name of a custom test configuration Press ENTER 4 Use to select a parameter to change Use GD Page Down to see additional parameters Press to select a highlighted parameter for editing Note Selecting a default standard for a previously configured custom test resets all test parameters to default values 5 Use the appropriate keys to select the value you want then press ENTER If you selected to change the custom test name or the cable type the alphanumeric entry screen appears Use the appropriate keys to enter a name up to 27 characters long When you are finished entering characters press SAVE D Repeat steps 4 and 5 to change additional parameters When you are finished configuring test parameters press to store the custom configuration 6 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 6 6 Chapter 7 Basic Cabling Testing Chapter 7 provides the following information A description of LAN cable construction A description of channel basic link and permanent link configurations Explanations of LAN cable tests Explanations of the HDTDX and HDTDR analyzer tests and plots Basic troubleshooti
13. compatibility 4 2 compatibility between models effects on HDTDR test 4 10 features 2 21 lights messages and audible tones 2 43 when to use a remote unit 4 2 Renaming a report 5 2 Renaming saved re ports 2 36 Replacement est Reports printing reports 5 2 samples 3 32 viewing deleting and renaming reports 52 Resistance test for coaxial cabling 3 26 test for twisted pair 3 10 Reversed pairs wire map display 3 9 RJ11 connector 2 3 RL explanation of RL plot description results screen items 3 21 test for twisted pair Rotary switch modes S Safety operational information 2 1 standards 8 23 Saving Autotest results memory card 3 27 quick start 2 11 Scanning Index continued Self test failure how to run Self calibration Serial port cable for printer interface configuring for printing connection for printing error printing 5 6 interface description 8 19 Setup configuring the test tool downloading from a PC list of settings quick setup 2 8 Shield continuity test enabling 2 35 Short wire map display 3 9 Single test tests for twisted pair 4 1 Single Test tests for coaxial cabling 4 16 Smart remote See Remote Softkeys description Special functions list of functions 2 30 Split pair explanation of split pair Split pair wire map display 3 9 Standards csa 8 23 incompatible versions 5 2
14. eee eeeeeeeesecesecneetneeeeeees Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled eee eeseeseeeseceeenseeneeeeeees Saving Results with Downloaded Cable IDs DSP 4300 eeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeees Changing the Cable ID for a Saved Autotest Report eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees EMemory is Fall sc cassccvstacs secnenctceteagessssonevencscaseiecuapetaes say E E EA Saving Results to Internal Memory DSP 4300 sssesssseessersesesrssrreresrrrreserrrerese Th eAu totest Reportern Ea a ERE EE RETE EE ER EE ROR Running Individual Tests cccccsecceceseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeesneeseeeseeseeesneneseeeenes Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cabling eeesseeseeseeseeeesssrreresrsreeresreeresreeresreressesreeresre Scanning FUNCH ON erionenn R E E R A E E ERR When t Use a Remote Units 5 scisccccscsscdesscssuss cccniteentensesescoectesnsescesagunsevsesstsesctesocennes Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling eseseeseeeseseerssrerrsreerrsrerresrsresrerreee The HDT DX Analy Ze c0isssiscsecssncuscoctastiecsaneesesesasneenscdsvscveinerivecesonse csaaseeenesvateapendennes Running the HDTDX Analyzer ceeeecesecesecssecnseceeaeceecaeesaeeeaeseeeeeneeeenes HDTDX AnnalyZer Results 20 0 cece eeeceescecsseceeeeecesceeeneeceaceeeeeecaeceseeceteeeneeeneees HDT DX Analyzer Plot seison epean enari ea Tke E Eea EES EREE e ES The HDTDR Ves tisvessssvescsacssctavses ee e e EE EEEE EEEE EAEE E How to Terminate the Cable oo eee ee ceec
15. 1 Connections for Self Calibration 00 0 0 ec ceceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeceeeceseceaeceaecaecaeeseeeeeeeeereestens 7 1 Twisted Pair Cable Construction eesseeesseesseeesesersresrsresesteerssrerrssestesenrenresrenreserees 7 2 EIA TIA RJ45 Connections sipeton opao ror e eee REE SA EEE EEE 7 3 Coaxial Cable Construction ciccone aee ioeo ies EE a E EESE TEE 7 4 Basic Link Test Connections ee ee cescesecesecseeceeceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeseecseeeaeeeaeeeaeees 7 5 Channel Test COMMECHONS s s cicci e ainese aeres aho tees eE E EEEE TEE 7 6 Permanent Link Test Connections seesseeeeseseseresesttererrsrreresreereserrreesrrerrsrentesrerreet 7 7 Atten ation ofa Signal cese sie eiiean ao ae ie ae E E EE RE 7 8 sources Of Electrical NOISE is ssecssecscccsseestecacescoscseuesgussdean cove catcissceet OT o R Eaa 7 9 How FEXT Signals are All Equally Attenuated sssesseeeeseeeseseeesreesesreesrsrerrsreersserees 7 102 An HDTDX Analyzer Plotinoren aeiae EE E ETRE Ded Vee Split Par WiN seresa aaoi a o E EE EEE aaea iee 7 12 How INVP 18 Caletilated oe rrini eeri dearan raet r EER EEE E EERS 7 13 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable 7 14 Example of an HDTDR Plot eee ceeneecnseceeneeceaeeeeneecaeceeneeceaeceeeecaeeesneeeenaeeee 7 15 A Plot of NEXT Attenuation and the Resulting ACR cee eeeeeececeeeceeneeeeeeeeeneeee 8 1 Removing the NiMH Battery Pack eee eeeeeeeeeceeeceeeceseceaecaeceaecaeeca
16. Distance The measured distance from the main unit to the peak crosstalk value V iew Plot Press to see a plot that shows where crosstalk is detected on the cable DSP 4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Plot To view a HDTDX analyzer plot for a set of cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press GD iew Flot to see the plot screen for the pairs Figure 4 2 describes an example of a HDTDX analyzer plot HDTDX Analyzer Pairs 1 2 3 64 1 100 oft 100 200 Cursor at 96 ft Adjusts scale q p Moves cursor Hext Scannin Pairs On The cable pairs relevant to the results oy20c eps ofa The distance along the cable under test The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool Magnitude of crosstalk on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Crosstalk levels are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The Cursor Readout shows the distance to the crosstalk source at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the highest crosstalk peak Use to move the cursor left or right Use to change the maximum distance of the horizontal scale Figure 4 2 Example of an HDTDX Analyzer Plot for a Good Twisted Pair Cable Run 4 8 Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test The HDTDR Test The HDTDR High Definition Time Domai
17. EEEE E AEE E Power Sum Valuesauso sinnene hi EAE a EA ENEE EE E AEE Propagation Delay and Delay Skew esseseeseesssesreessrrrrerrsreerssreerssesrrerrsrrnresrenresreereee Contents continued Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP cccesscesseeceseeeeneeceseeeeseeceseeeeneeceseeenaeeeeees NVP and Length Measurements 20 000 eee eeeeeeceeecesecesecaecaeceeecaeeeaeseneeeneeeens NVP Cali btations ciscci caeesndbedeees a Mates a E NE e EEEO Segue High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry HDTDR Reflections from Opens c cccsvesessvsckechevuspesseusebecanvecbesnevecbocsstasessvenecbocesteesenestess Reflections from SHOTS sssini penen e aeaoe e een EEEE E EEEE Reflections from Other Anomalies 0 cccceeeeesseceeecesseeceeneecaeceeeeesnaeeeeneeenaeeesee Cable Termination n serie aea E ba eave cndvece Sp EErEE sense ded sevens Interpreting the HDTDR Plot eee cee ceseceseceseceaeceaecaeecaeecaeeeneseneeeneneeees ACR oe cesccstietetats tensed bine enact on eeeiieeaee ce aves eaten ee idee septum e eet Maintenance and Specifications ccsecccesseesseeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeseseeeeeeseeeeea Getting Software Upgrades 000 cece eceesceesceeecesecesecaecsaecaeecaeesaeseeeseeeeeeeeeeeseeeaeenaes Maintenant ensenen tee an isi hanes Netveo lea ep ies E EE Cleaning and Storage socero narea E E ESE Replacing the NiMH Battery Pack eee eeceeecesecenecsseceeecaeecaeeeaeseeeeeeeeenees Internal Lithium Backup Battery eee
18. FOB Shipping Point THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FLUKE NETWORKS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision maker of competent jurisdiction such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision Fluke Networks Inc PO Box 777 Everett WA 98206 0777 USA 6 01 Table of Contents Chapter Page 1 TRO CG UCU ODD MAEA A A A E AEE E E E EE E cdaduenaccubune Contacting Fluke Networks cee cseeseeeeeeeeseseeeseeeseesecssecsaecsaesaecaecsaecsaecaeesaeeeaes Registration seos ienser Ese er E E AEE EEEE vaste EEEE EEE EE EEEE ET aE Overview of Featire Sorserien genoee EErEE EAE EEE EE EEEE ETE Kee AET EEOAE ee TESES Standatrd ACCESSOLMES wes ieccssssvevesecsunwevedscacn keee ES NE Ene oE cacy EEEE EEE TEE EES neS Ee TEE ea Using This Mantal c icc ssecvesssassvcncosiscepeserusnsseverh EE EE EEE
19. Link Adapter for Cat 6 Personality module plug type and life shielded Cat 6 RJ45 gt 5000 insertions Test supported shielded and unshielded cable TIA Cat 3 4 5 5E and 6 and ISO IEC EN50173 Class C D and E permanent links 8 9 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Cable Types Tested Shielded and unshielded twisted pair STP and UTP LAN cabling TIA Category 3 4 5 5E and 6 100 Q ISO IEC Class C and D 100 Q and 120 Q Foil screened twisted pair cables ScTP TIA Category 3 4 5 5E and 6 100 Q ISO IEC Class C and D 100 Q and 120 Q Shielded twisted pair cables STP 150 Q IBM Type 1 6 and 9 IBM interface adapter required Coaxial cables connect with the RJ45 to BNC adapter Thicknet 10BASE5 adapter required Thinnet 10BASE2 RG 58 RG 58 foam RG 59 RG 59 foam RG 8 RG 8A U and RG 62 Note For availability of additional adapters that allow testing to other performance standards different cabling types or fiber optic cabling contact Fluke Networks Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Test Standards Test Standard TIA Category 3 and 5E per Addendum 5 to TIA EIA 568A TIA Category 5 new per TIA TSB 95 TIA Category 6 per TIA Addendum 1 to TIA EIA 568B draft Link Type basic link or channel basic link or channel permanent link or channel ISO IEC 11801 2000 Class C and D new permanent link or channel ISO IEC 11801 2000 Class E draft perma
20. LinkWare software lets you upload Autotest results to a PC from a memory card installed in the test tool or a memory card reader 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates The DSP 4300 includes internal memory that can store the results of at least 250 Autotests with plot data included 8 23 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Test Results Memory for the DSP 4000 512 KB nonvolatile RAM stores results from at least 500 Autotests More storage may be available depending on the number of tests run by the selected test standard LinkWare software lets you upload Autotest results to a PC 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates Dimensions Main unit and remote without LIA 9 25 x 5 x 3 23 5 cm x 12 7 cm x 7 6 cm Weight Main unit without LIA 3 1b 4 oz 1 5 kg Remote without LIA 3 1b 1 oz 1 4 kg Display Type Graphic bit mapped LCD with backlight and adjustable contrast Size and resolution 2 8 x 2 4 7 1 cm x 6 1 cm 15 lines 30 characters per line 240 x 200 bits Warranty One year from date of purchase including permanent link adapters Other LIAs are warranted for 90 days excluding tabs on RJ45 connectors Personality modules are warranted to be free from manufacturing defects at the time of purchase 8 24 Appendices Page Appendix A Tests Supported by LIAS eee ceccceceeccecseececeeeceeaceceeeeeesaeeeseaeeceeeeeeeas B GLOSS AE Y a5 fact
21. OEE RE AES Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling esseseesseseesesesreeresrsresreeresreeresrrrreresrreresre Wire Map TeStassopcie ieies a E O AE AEAEE AEE E R sistanc eemo e AE R ENA EA E A Length 3askeclcesss ash nine a R E tsb lees E E Propagation Delay and Delay SkeW sseseessssessssesrsereresreerssrerresrsresrsrenresrenresenees Characteristic Impedance ssseeeseseseseeseereessstrressrrtreresreerssrrreststesesreetesreeresenees Attenuation Insertion LOSS ccccssccecssssecesssececeesnececsensecesseeeecesseeecseaeeeeseneeeess NEXT TEST sa saveeescsstbvsctbenbosotssiebidibancusesleignocb ENEE ET NEEE EEE Contents continued Return Loss RO erreneren aeii a aE aR Ea aaaeaii eet RE REMOWVE 4 oss used ii ees ea e E EEEE inet EE E ee PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT and PSNEXT REMOTE PSELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT 0000 ecceesceeeceseceeceaecsaecseecaeeeaeseeeeeeeeeeees PSACR Power Sum ACR and PPACR REMOTE 1 cece eee cseeeeeeeeeeees Autotest on Coaxial Cabling ceeceeeseeeeceeeeeeeeeseeesecaecsaecsaecaeesaecaecsaeseeeaeeeaes Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling occ eceeceessesecesecesecesecaecaeecaeesaeeeseeseeeaeeeaes Characteristic Impedance eee eeeeeeeeceeeceeecesecesecesecsaecaecseecaeesaeeeseseeeeeneeeees RESISTANCE o 6s deoes cde terteeteeeeeadcaiees ai teeee S EE Sila ieee So ean ae Savins AUtotest Results reoot ioei eeen ee eE EEEE EE ENTNER Saving Results with Auto Sequence Disabled 0 0
22. Press to run the HDTDR test Running the HDTDR Test on Coaxial Cabling To run the HDTDR test on coaxial cabling proceed as follows 1 Ne ok x Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing If desired remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cabling then use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the test tool Use to highlight HOT DF Press to run the HDTDR test DSP 4000 Series Users Manual HDTDR Results Screen When the HDTDR test is complete the HDTDR results screen appears Table 4 4 describes the items on the screen Table 4 4 Items on an HDTDR Results Screen Twisted Pair Results Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Not shown for coaxial cable results Distance The first distance is the measured distance from the test tool to the end of the cable The second distance if shown is the distance from the test tool to the beginning of the largest anomaly that caused a reflection greater than the limit defined by the selected test standard Peak The percentage of the test signal reflected at the peak of the anomaly GD Vien Press to see a plot of the locations and reflection percentages of the Flot impedan
23. TX hub Tone Generator Generates a tone that can be detected by a tone probe such as the Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe The 2 kHz tone is generated on pair 1 2 Serial Interface Connector DB9 DTE male Baud rate 1200 baud to 115 200 baud Flow control hardware XON XOFF or none Data format 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Printer formats Epson HP LaserJet or Text Only ASCII text Test results can be uploaded to a PC and software updates can be downloaded to the test tool and remote using LinkWare software 8 19 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual PC Interface Cable Table 8 5 PC Interface Cable Connections Table 8 5 shows the pin connections for the PC interface cable provided with the test tool Table 8 6 shows the pin connections for the 9 to 25 pin adapter available from Fluke Networks part number 929187 Test Tool End PC End DB9S female Pin Direction DB9S female Data Carrier Detect Pa gens a Receive Data 2 eis 3 Transmit Data 3 gt 2 Data Terminal Ready always true 4 0 gt 1 Signal Ground 5 285 5 Not connected 6 6 Request To Send used only with hardware flow 7 gt 8 control Clear To Send 8 ee 7 Not connected 9 9 8 20 Connector Connector 2 3 4 5 e re ee 4 20 9 22 Shell Shell Maintenance and Specifications 8 Sp
24. This state may last for several minutes until fast charging begins LED steady red Fast charge The unit stays in fast charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the battery is fully charged or a test is initiated LED steady Charge complete green Fast charge is complete The unit enters trickle charge mode Connection for the ac adapter charger supplied with the test tool Eject button DSP 4100 4300 Button for ejecting the memory card Memory card slot DSP 4100 4300 Slot for the memory card used for saving Autotest results on a DSP 4100 or DSP 4300 test tool Getting Started Remote Features Remote Features Figure 2 9 shows the features on the remote unit and Table 2 5 explains their functions oy06f eps Figure 2 9 Remote Features 2 21 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 22 00o ejo 6 Table 2 5 Remote Connectors and Features Feature 7 3 RS 232C serial port 2 5 mm phone jack AC adapter charger jack eleje AC power indicator LIA connector and Description A DB9P connector for loading software updates Connection for the headset supplied with the test tool Connection for the ac adapter charger supplied with the test tool LED off unit turned off Battery is not charging The charger is not plugged in LE
25. against continuous current limited telco voltages lt 100 mA and can withstand occasional overvoltages of less than 30 V rms 42 V peak 60 V dc 8 22 Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Certification and Compliance Conforms to relevant European Union directives Q Listed by Canadian Standards Association C US The test tool complies with the following standards CSA Standards CAN CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 92 Amendment 2 1997 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use Part 1 General Requirements Safety CAN CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 92 Amendment 2 1997 Overvoltage Category II Pollution degree 2 30 V EN61010 Amendments 1 OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY II Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010 1 refers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory appliances Test Results Memory for the DSP 4100 4300 The 16 MB multimedia card stores the results of at least 250 Autotests with plot data included More results can be stored if plot data is not included The exact number of Autotests you can store depends on the number of tests run by the selected test standard Compatible memory cards with greater or less capacity can also be used A 32 MB card is available as an accessory
26. allows you to define custom standards for up to four custom tests The following parameters and tests are available tests available depend on the default standard you select Custom test name a name you enter for the configuration Default test standard Cable name a name you enter for the cable type NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation Maximum cable length Fault threshold for impedance anomalies Wire map assignments for cable pairs Resistance test enabled or disabled Impedance test enabled or disabled Attenuation test enabled or disabled NEXT and NEXT REMOTE tests enabled or disabled ELFEXT test enabled or disabled RL test enabled or disabled ACR and ACR REMOTE tests enabled or disabled PSNEXT and PSNEXT REMOTE tests enabled or disabled PSELFEXT test enabled or disabled PSACR and PSACR REMOTE tests enabled or disabled Note To determine the NVP for a custom test configuration refer to the previous section NVP Calibration Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Configuring a Custom Test During the configuration process you can abandon the changes you have made by pressing D Abort To reset a parameter back to the default value highlight the parameter then press gt Set to Default To reset all of the parameters back to default values highlight the test standard on Page 1 of the configuration screens then press ENTER Use to select the desired default standard then press ENTER
27. along with the resulting ACR plot Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other Limit in dB ATTEN GOOD 0 20 40 60 80 Frequency in MHz oy37f eps Figure 7 15 A Plot of NEXT Attenuation and the Resulting ACR 7 25 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 26 RL RL return loss is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in the cable s impedance A RL plot indicates how well a cable s impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies High RL values mean a close impedance match which results in a large difference between the powers of transmitted and reflected signals Cables with high RL values are more efficient at transmitting LAN signals because little of the signal is lost in reflections Good return loss is especially important for high speed systems such as Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802 3x that transmit full duplex bi directional data over individual pairs Full duplex transceivers use directional couplers to distinguish between incoming and outgoing signals If a cable has poor return loss the couplers might interpret the reflected signals as incoming data resulting in data errors Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting LAN cabling installations is most often required during cabling
28. and select a format for Autotest reports sent directly to a printer Special Functions Allows you to do the following View or delete test reports saved in memory Change the cable identification assigned to a saved Autotest report Generate a tone to use with an inductive pickup device such as the Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe to identify cabling runs Determine the cable NVP to ensure maximum accuracy of length results View the status of the NiMH battery in the main unit or remote Check the status of the LIA attached to the main or remote unit Perform a self calibration on the test tool and remote Run a self test to verify proper operation of the test tool link interface adapter and remote On DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test tools you can view the status of the memory card and format the card View version information for the main and remote units Getting Started Turning On the Test Tool Turning On the Test Tool To turn on the test tool turn the rotary switch from OFF to any one of the available modes The power up screen which appears for about 3 seconds shows the software hardware and test standards versions for the main and remote units The remote information is shown only if the remote is on and connected to the main unit For a longer look at the power up screen hold down any key while turning the test tool on Or select Yersion Information in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode During this time the
29. ee eecesecesecesecnsecseecaeecseeeseseeeeeeeeeeees Th the Test Tool Falls soseen oore reai E a e EEA E REE REE NA Service Center Repat seisseen oe eea E E REA EER Replacement PaftSeiineoeici eenei aee E E REE ER GEERS Options and ACCESSO r ES scsessssssoscesressssessetesevenesogerseesessosvscessoerenssensentesunses Specifica ONG senene oree EE RE vse snanenseoSaieusevaiectees dept A E ERA Calculated Measurement ACCUTACY ssseseseeeseseeeseereersstrrresrstesresrenrsseerrsreereseeeeses Traceable Calibration Period eeseesseseseseeeseseesesrerrsstrrrersreeresrenrsresesreeresrereses self Calibration Period ssc iccccoseiccsestveecsansnsvescasoaevseagusesswasnsenseosasvcsusessertonsetessenees Compatibility with Remotes and Link Interface Adapters eects Standard Link Interface Adapters 20 0 0 eee ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesecsaeeaecsaeseeeaeeees Cable Types Tested cisien eeose aee EE E EEEE EEEE EE EREE E tens WOStS tamG ards chsscesscsescevessassaucdens vate E EEEE E EEEE EES Time fot AUtoteSt eserci ei onr ei eno EEE E E p EE EE EEEE EREE E Eis Eai AE E A E E E E cacy E E E E E Propagation Delaye scoici oee iene aE e r EEE E EEEE EEEE EEEE Delay SKEW sscessecscacecsceasesssbunucdeubcate EEEE EE EEE EE E EEEE EEE EEE AEE DC Loop Resistance Test 2 scs ccsissceessesnepsscesnasedesssnsvenevonssoneccesteeedeebotecteostenssess Measurement Accuracy as Specified in Relevant Standards 0 cece Typical Measurement Accuracies
30. exceed the measurement accuracy requirements of draft Level III TIA and IEC proposals Typical measurement accuracy is determined as follows e For each performance parameter for example source load return loss residual NEXT etc at every frequency the worst result for any wire pair or wire pair combination is obtained e The values of the worst case wire pair or wire pair combinations are substituted in the accuracy equation given by TIA and IEC guidelines e Worst case assumptions for link performance that affect measurement accuracy are used These include the assumptions for link return loss common mode to differential mode gain and differential to common mode gain Typical measurement accuracies are used to determine if test results are within the test tool s accuracy range Results within the accuracy range are marked with an asterisk Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Accuracy dB Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Level IIl Accuracy a TIA 568 B 2 Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Baseline Level III a Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical 50 100 150 Frequency MHz 200 Accuracy DSP 4x00 250 Figure 8 2 Attenuation Insertion Loss Measurement Accuracy for Channel oy88 eps Accuracy dB Channel Level III yee TIA 568 B 2 Permanen
31. explains these connections Note The test tool displays a message if you try to run a test not supported by the attached link interface adapter To select a test standard and cable type proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press D Choice The standards list starts with the last five standards used Press G D Page Down to see more standards Use to highlight the test standard you want 4 Press to accept the highlighted test standard The test tool displays a menu of the cable types valid for the selected test standard 5 Use to select the cable type you want then press ENTER 6 If you selected a shielded cable type the next display lets you enable or disable the shield test Use to select the setting you want then press Enten You can test cables for NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT attenuation and ACR and PSACR up to 350 MHz Test limits apply only up to the frequency specified by the selected test standard 2 35 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Editing the Report Identification The report identification includes a custom header your company name for example an operator name and a site name These items appear on saved Autotest reports You can view and edit this information as follows 1 2 2 36 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Use to highlight Edit under Report Identification then press ENTER The REPORT IDENTIFICATION display shows the inform
32. installation or modification When cable is handled carefully and installed correctly it usually operates trouble free for years A general rule for finding cabling faults is as follows With very few exceptions faults occur at cabling connections Cabling connections include telecommunication outlets patch panels punchdown blocks and transition connectors Connections are the most likely places for faults for at least three reasons 1 Connections always alter the impedance of the transmission path 2 connections are likely places for faults caused by wiring errors and faulty or incompatible hardware installation and 3 connections always cause some crosstalk due to the untwisting of cable pairs When cable is handled carelessly faults can occur in the middle of the cable These faults can happen when the cable is stepped on sharply bent pinched by cable ties or other hardware or otherwise stressed A general procedure for finding cabling faults excluding sources of noise and traffic faults involves the following steps 1 Run an Autotest on the cabling 2 Ifthe Autotest fails press for specific information on the fault 3 Inspect the cabling for the suggested fault at the location indicated by the diagnostics display 4 Repair any faults you find To quickly check your repair run the test that failed as a Single Test 5 Run the Autotest again to verify the cabling s performance Table 7 1 on the next four pag
33. p p Check Wiring 0 ft 100 200 Cursor at 100 ft a v Scale Up Down 4 p Moves cursor View Next HDTDX Pairs oy59i bmp oy60i bmp e 2 2 3 3 6 6 Wire map display showing Pair 1 2 Goes to Pair 2 1 reversed pair on pair 1 2 Check Connector Check Wiring oy74i bmp Wire map display showing Pair 1 2 Goes to Pair 3 6 crossed pairs on 1 2 and 3 6 568A Goes to 568B Crossover Cable Used EON oy75i bmp 7 29 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Table 7 1 Identifying Cabling Faults continued Test Failure Wire map short Likely Causes of Failure Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Conductive material stuck between pins at a connection Damage to cable insulation NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection Insufficient quality of connecting hardware Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Damaged connector Insufficient cable quality Impedance anomaly detected Poor connection between two lengths of cable Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Taps into wire pair Twisted pair cable should never be tapped Excessive loading at coaxial cable tap Mismatch of cable types Incorrect terminator value 7 30 Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7 1 Identifying Cabling Faults continued Wire Map Display Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3
34. reading Twisted Pair Cable Range Ons to 100 ns Resolution 1 ns Accuracy 10ns DC Loop Resistance Test Range 0 Q to 400 Q Accuracy 2 Q 2 of reading Resolution 0 1 Q Overload recovery time Less than 10 minutes to rated accuracy following an overvoltage Self calibration is required after repeated or prolonged overvoltage Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Measurement Accuracy as Specified in Relevant Standards Accuracies computed from the parameters in Table 8 4 are shown in Figures 8 2 through 8 7 Table 8 4 Performance Parameters Test Tool with Test Tool with Baseline DSP LIA101 Permanent Category 6 Class E Parameter Test Tool Link Adapter Channel Adapter Dynamic range 3 dB over test limit Pair to Pair NEXT and FEXT loss 65 dB Power Sum NEXT and FEXT loss 62 dB Amplitude resolution 0 1 dB Frequency range and 1 MHz 31 25 MHz 100 kHz resolution 31 25 MHz 100 MHz 200 kHz 100 MHz 250 MHz 500 kHz Dynamic Accuracy NEXT 0 75 daB Attenuation Insertion Loss Dynamic Accuracy ELFEXT 1 0 dB Source load return loss 20 12 5 log f 100 18 12 5 log f 100 20 dB maximum 20 dB maximum Random Noise Floor 75 15 log f 100 85 dB maximum Residual NEXT 65 20 log f 100 54 20 log f 100 Residual FEXT 65 20 log f 100 45 20 log f 100
35. safety Storage Store plot data selecting quick start 2 8 Strap Switch modes 2 26 T Talk mode 2 15 Terminator connection during length test connection during resistance test effects on HDTDR test 4 10 Test standard descriptions of standards selecting selecting quick start 2 8 Time 2 41 Tone generator 4 26 Top level pass indication 2 9 Traffic monitor 4 19 Troubleshooting finding cabling faults 7 27 troubleshooting the test tool 8 3 U Using this manual 1 6 V Version hardware software test standards Viewing saved reports 5 2 quick start Voice communication 2 15 W Warning messages battery voltage messages characteristic impedance warning excessive noise detected excessive voltage detected 2 32 incompatible standards versions 5 2 printed reports test result memory is now full 3 31 test summary result the previous test results have not been saved 3 2 unable to save test results 3 31 warning in test results 4 14 Wire map description of test 3 8 displays 3 8 pin connections for 568 standard 7 3 Worst margin ELFEXT 3 17 NEXT Worst margin results 3 6 Worst value ELFEXT 3 17 NEXT Worst value results 3 6 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual
36. screen Figure 3 7 describes an example of the screen Gs ELFEAT Pairs 4 5 7 8 lt _ 1 OMEN S04 60 5 40 20 o SOMHz 100 S30 8dB at 49 3MH2 Margin 18 5068 a F Adjusts scale q p Moves cursor View Next Result Pairs oy76c eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot e efe Frequency range in MHz Use to switch between scales To switch to the next lowest or highest range use to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot The ELFEXT level frequency and margin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the ELFEXT value at the cursor s position The limits for ELFEXT as defined by the selected test standard A crosshair is shown if the limit is defined for only one frequency Decibels of ELFEXT for the cable pairs eje The calculated ELFEXT for the cable pairs Figure 3 7 The ELFEXT Plot Screen Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling ACR The ACR test calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk ACR for each combination of cable pairs ACR is expressed as the difference in dB between the measured NEXT and attenuation values ACR is calculated usin
37. shorted You can 3 3 use the HDTDR test to locate the 6 6 short ie 3 Wire 1 is open near the main unit 3 3 You can use the HDTDR test to 6 6 locate the open Split pair A wire in the 4 5 pair is twisted with a 3 TROO wire in the 3 6 pair You can use the 5 HDTDX analyzer to locate the split pair 3 9 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the dc loop resistance for each cable pair The resistance results screen displays the resistance limit and pass fail result for each cable pair A PASS result means that the measured resistance is less than the limit A FATL result means that the measured resistance exceeds the limit Length The length test measures the length of each cable pair tested The main Autotest results screen shows the length of the cable pair having the shortest electrical delay The length results screen displays the length limit and pass fail result for each cable pair Length is displayed in meters or feet You can change the length units in the SETUP mode as described in Selecting a Length Unit in Chapter 2 Notes A 2 to 5 percent difference in measured length between twisted pairs is typical This difference is due to differences in the number of twists in the cable pairs Differences between measured and actual values of cable length can be caused by variations in the cable s NVP value NVP values can vary among c
38. signal Negative reflections are caused by abrupt decreases in the cable s impedance such as those caused by mismatches in cable types or shorts on the cable A bi polar reflection is usually caused by a connector The results plotted in Figure 7 14 are the results from an HDTDR test on pair 4 5 in a good twisted pair cable The results show a positive anomaly caused by the open end of the cable at about 219 feet Note that the left edge of an HDTDR reflection represents the location of the anomaly on the cable while the peak of the reflection represents the size of the anomaly The test tool s HDTDR plot includes a movable cursor with a readout that displays the cursor s position and the reflection percentage of the anomaly at the cursor s position You can move the cursor left and right by pressing the keys on the test tool Figure 7 14 shows the cursor positioned near the beginning of an anomaly ACR attenuation to crosstalk ratio is the difference between NEXT in dB and attenuation in dB The ACR value indicates how the amplitude of signals received from a far end transmitter compares to the amplitude of crosstalk produced by near end transmissions A high ACR value means that the received signals are much larger than the crosstalk In terms of NEXT and attenuation values a high ACR value corresponds to high NEXT and low attenuation Basic Cabling Testing ACR Figure 7 15 shows a plot of NEXT and attenuation limits
39. software current gives you access to new features and the latest test standards Software upgrades are available for free on the Fluke Networks website See the online help in Link Ware for information on installing upgrades Maintenance ZA Warning To avoid possible fire electric shock personal injury or damage to the test tool Use only specified replacement parts Do not let water get into the case Remove all input signals before opening the case Use only Fluke Networks authorized service centers 8 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Cleaning and Storage Clean the test tool and remote with a soft cloth dampened with water or water and a mild soap Caution To avoid damaging the display or the case do not use solvents or abrasive cleansers If you are storing the test tool or remote for an extended period of time charge the NiMH battery pack before storing Do not remove the battery pack Removing the battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the backup lithium battery Replacing the NiMH Battery Pack Replace the NiMH battery pack when its life between full charges becomes noticeably shorter The battery is normally good for up to 1 000 charge discharge cycles Figure 8 1 shows how to remove the battery pack oy39f eps Figure 8 1 Removing the NiMH Battery Pack Note The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool when the battery pack is removed 8 2 Maintenance and Specificatio
40. test tool also performs a self test If a fault is detected during the self test the following message appears INTERNAL FAULT DETECTED REFER TO MANUAL For information see If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Selecting a Language for Displays and Reports The test tool displays results and prints reports in English German French Spanish Italian Japanese and Portuguese The test tool displays a language selection screen if a language has not been selected since the tool left the factory Afterwards you can change the language as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press D Page Down to find the language selection 3 Use to highlight the currently selected language 4 Press D Choice 5 Uss to highlight the language you want 6 Press to accept the highlighted language The test tool s display now appears in the selected language 2 31 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 32 Performing a Self Test The self test verifies that the test tool link interface adapters and remote are operating properly To run the self test proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Turn the remote on Use to highlight e lf Test Press ENTER Use the DSP 4000 Calibration Module to connect the test tool to the remote Press TEST to start the self test When the self test is complete you can either return to the main Special Functions menu by pressing or start a new
41. the report s name Select a character and press ENTER GHIJKLMA 3 Avai lable Memory 496 4 Press SAVE when done 6 Inc pc ela j G oy15c eps The characters you can use to make a name for the test results you are saving To add characters to the name use the 0 and keys to highlight characters in the list then press ENTER The date and time when the Autotest was completed The default name assigned to the results from the most recently completed test The remaining number of locations available for storing Autotest results Softkey for moving the cursor to edit characters in the middle of the cable identification To move the cursor back to the right press D until the cursor wraps around Softkeys for incrementing or decrementing an alphanumeric character highlighted in the cable identification Softkey for deleting the character left of the highlighted character in the cable name e e efejele o Figure 3 11 Saving Autotest Results Auto Increment and Auto Sequence Disabled 3 28 Autotest Saving Autotest Results Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled The following steps assume you have already enabled the auto sequence function and entered a start ID and end ID which define the range of cable IDs available See Setting Up Cable IDs in Chapter 2 for details 1 If you want to check or edit the custom header operator name or site n
42. time format use to highlight the format you want Press to accept the highlighted date time or format 2 41 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 42 Setting the Power Down Timer To extend battery life you can set the power down timer to automatically switch the test tool to a low power mode after a selected period of inactivity You can also disable the power down timer When the test tool switches to low power mode the display goes blank To reactivate the display press lt 0 The test tool turns itself off if not used for 30 minutes after power down When this happens pressing turns on the test tool as though it were turned on with the rotary switch To set the power down timer or enable disable the timer proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press D Page Down Use to highlight the power down timer status Press gt Choice Use to highlight the desired time out period or the enable disable status Press to accept your selection Ov ae ee a Enabling or Disabling the Audible Tones To enable or disable the test tool s audible tones proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press GD Page Down until you see the audible tone setting Use to highlight the audible tone status Press D Choice Use to highlight the desired enable or disable status Press to accept your selection ON m e Ne oa Getting Started Remote Lights Messages and Audible
43. 00 0 ee eeceseceecseecseecaecaecseecaeesaeeeseseneeneeeaeenes HDTDX Analyzer Specifications for Cables lt 100 m 328 ft HDTDR Specifications for Cables lt 100 m 328 ft sceccccscscsssessessesseseseeseesessess Impulse NOS isi 32 sis ieiceles dobar didivisessd vies e E E E A EENE EEE Characteristic Impedance 0 0 0 ee eeeeeeeeceeeceseceeceseceaeceaeceaecaeecaeeeaeeeseseaeeeneneeees LAN Trattic Monitoring sorses aresep caaveseecacseesd cates a E a a AS Tone Generator cereiro rapie ane ae E EE E AE RO TA Seral Interface serosa dorea te ciei apee ERE EOE E E E Aa EAE EERE PC Intert ce Cable siioni eae Ea E E E RE Ea EEE EERE iii DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Environmental Requirements ee ee ceseceeeseecseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesesesesaeesaessaeaes Electromagnetic Compatibility cece ceeeeeeeeceseceecesecsaecaessuecaeeeaeeeneaee Input Rating Soeiro e eeraa aa EE ETEEN RE EA EEE ER Certification and Compliance seeseeeseseseseeeseseeeresrerrsteerssererestsresrsreetesreeresenees Test Results Memory for the DSP 4100 4300 Test Results Memory for the DSP 4000 sssssesseeeessessesesesrrerrssrsresrsreeresreeresenees DIMENSIONS caaeaae ariero aea e aea EE EET A e E O SEEE EE IEE Appendices A gt Tests Supported Dy LIAS iiss seccsecssecscessecvecvsstesscesdestsevanesvesesceasestssusstecscasceetereectoxiegs A 1 B GOSSALY roroi eea a A E O A REE ET A E EE EE REEN B 1 Index vi Table 2 1 2 2
44. 000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling The Single Test results for twisted pair cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest with exceptions noted in the following paragraphs Tests not required by the selected test standard produce a Warning result when measured values exceed the test s limits Wire Map Wire map results are identical to the Autotest version See Wire Map in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the wire map test includes the scanning function Length If a remote is connected the length test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message HO REMOTE DETECTED and the limit and result columns are not shown If the length of a cable pair cannot be determined the length value on the display is blank and WARNING appears in the result column NEXT and NEXT REMOTE The NEXT test and results are identical to the Autotest version See NEXT in Chapter 3 for details The NEXT REMOTE test and results are identical to the Autotest version See NEXT REMOTE in Chapter 3 for details ELFEXT The ELFEXT test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Chapter 3 for details Running Individual Tests 4 Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Impedance The impedance test and results are identical to the Autotest ve
45. 1 2 3 6 100 0 ft 100 200 Cursor at 77 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin Pairs 0n oy32f bmp Figure 7 10 An HDTDX Analyzer Plot Basic Cabling Testing Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems The vertical scale represents the magnitude of the crosstalk detected The crosstalk levels shown on the plot are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation Without this adjustment the peak on the right side of the plot farther from the test tool would appear much smaller The adjusted plot helps you identify crosstalk sources because you can use the vertical scale to measure crosstalk magnitudes plotted at any distance from the test tool You can also compare the relative magnitudes of crosstalk peaks to determine the largest sources of crosstalk on the cabling The vertical scale increases logarithmically A level of 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that is close to causing a failure The level of 100 is approximately 20 times greater than the level of 50 A level of 100 represents an extremely high level of crosstalk that is typically due to split pairs Cables or other hardware that cause crosstalk levels of 100 or above are considered unusable Crosstalk levels near O are considered to be inconsequential The HDTDX plot from cabling that failed a NEXT test may show one or more peaks of crosstalk greater than a level of 50 A failure can also be caused by a crosstalk level less than 50 if the level is sustained over a
46. 2 Link Interface Adapter Features DSP LIAO1 N oy71f e DSP LIA011 Shielded Cat 5E twisted pair cable with a shielded Cat 5E RJ45 cable and plug plug for testing basic link installations DSP LIA012 jack Shielded RJ45 jack for testing channel installations Latch and 60 pin Latch and connector for attaching the LIA to a DSP 4000 Series connector test tool 4 DSP LIA101 One meter of proprietary high performance cable terminated with a cable with removable personality module The personality module ensures personality electrical compatibility with a particular manufacturer s jack See the module next section for additional information ead The standard module is designed for use with various jacks Refer to the PMxx module list included for applications of available modules DSP LIA013 Shielded RJ45 jack for testing channel installations CABLE jack DSP LIA013 Shielded RJ45 jack for traffic tests the hub port capabilities test and MONITOR jack the hub port locator Figure 2 10 Link Interface Adapter Features 2 23 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Permanent Link Interface Adapters DSP 4000PL 4300 Caution To avoid damaging the adapter and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results never pinch kink or crush the adapter s cable Never use the cable as a handle to pick up the DSP test tool Follow the handling guidelines given in Figure 2 11 For the bes
47. 2 Registration Registering your product with Fluke Networks gives you access to valuable information on product updates troubleshooting tips and other support services To register fill out and return the postage paid card provided or fill out the online registration form on the Fluke Networks website Overview of Features Note New features may be available with software upgrades Visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades The Fluke Networks DSP 4000 Series CableAnalyzers hereafter referred to as the test tool are hand held instruments used to certify test and troubleshoot coaxial and twisted pair cabling in local area network LAN installations The test tool combines test pulses with digital signal processing to provide fast accurate results and advanced testing capabilities up to 350 MHz The test tool includes the following features Certifies LAN basic link permanent link and channel configurations to IEEE ANSI TIA and ISO IEC standards Optional Fiber Test Adapters lets you certify LAN basic fiber links to TIA EIA and ISO IEC standards Presents test options and results in a simple menu system Presents displays and printed reports in English German French Spanish Portuguese Italian or Japanese Runs all critical tests automatically Diagnostic routine helps you identify and locate faults Produces 2
48. 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ftor0 1m 1 ftor0 1m Impulse Noise Adjustable from 10 mV to 500 mV in 10 mV steps The default threshold is 270 mV Monitors either polarity of noise on pair 3 6 Minimum detectable impulse width 10 ns Characteristic Impedance The test tool reports an estimate of the cable s impedance at 4 m from the beginning of the link The accuracy of the measurement is relative to a 100 Q terminating resistance Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Range 70Q 180Q0 35 QO 100 Q Accuracy 60 5 Nominal Measured 5604 5 Nominal Measured D Anomaly Threshold 15 Reflection 10 Reflection Resolution 1Q 1Q Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications LAN Traffic Monitoring Traffic tests are run through the DSP LIAO13 Channel Traffic adapter s Monitor jack Monitors 10BASE T or 1OOBASE TX Ethernet traffic Monitors pair 3 6 for either polarity of traffic Generates a positive polarity link pulse on pair 1 2 Generates 100BASE TX link signals on pair 1 2 Auto negotiates between LOBASE T and 10OOBASE TX Monitors pair 3 6 for 10BASE T or 1OOBASE TX link pulses Generates Auto Negotiation signals on pair 1 2 Hub port capabilities test determines if a hub supports the following standards Auto negotiation 10BASE T 100BASE TX 100BASE T4 100BASE TX full duplex 10BASE T full duplex Hub port locator blinks the link LED on a 1OBASE T 10 100BASE TX or 100BASE
49. 7 2 Freq MHz 184 0 144 5 227 5 227 5 Limit dB 19 9 22 0 18 0 18 0 Worst Pair 36 36 36 36 PSELFEXT dB 25 8 26 0 25 4 25 4 Freq MHz 184 5 185 5 247 0 232 5 o Limit dB 16 9 16 8 14 3 14 8 1 Frequency MHz 350 PASS MAIN SR MAIN SR dB ACR dB ACR Remote Wors Pair 1236 1245 1236 3645 109 ACR dB 60 7 67 0 31 5 31 2 80 Freq MHz 12 9 8 9 240 0 242 0 eok Limit dB 49 5 53 2 4 5 4 3 Worst Pair 12 12 36 36 0 PSACR dB 59 3 61 4 28 8 29 3 20 Freq MHz 12 9 123 223 0 242 0 o Limit dB 47 2 47 7 3 7 17 1 Frequency MHz 350 PASS MAIN SR MAIN SR dB RL dB RL Remote Worst Pair 12 45 45 78 RL dB 21 0 20 8 18 5 17 3 Freq MHz 13 2 16 6 249 0 250 0 Limit dB 19 0 19 0 11 3 11 3 Compliant Network Standards 10BASE T 100BA SE TX 100BASE T4 E a 1000BA SE T ATM 25 ATM 51 ATM 155 100VG AnyLan R4 1 Frequency MHz 350 1 Frequency MHz 350 TR 16 Active TR 16 Passive FLUKE _ Nhetworks oy81f wmf Figure 3 13 Autotest Report in Graphical Format Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests Chapter 4 provides the following information Instructions for running Single Tests on twisted pair cabling Descriptions of the test results produced by the HDTDX analyzer and HDTDR test Instructions for running Single Tests on coaxial cabling Instructions for using the tests available in the MONITOR mode Instructions for using the tone generator Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cabling The SINGLE TEST mode on the rotary switc
50. Autotest version See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Resistance Identical to Autotest version See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the resistance test includes the scanning function Length Identical to Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details HDTDR for Coaxial Cabling The HDTDR test is described for both twisted pair and coaxial cabling in the earlier section The HDTDR Test Running Individual Tests 4 Monitoring Network Activity Monitoring Network Activity Note Monitoring network activity requires the DSP LIAOI3 adapter The MONITOR mode on the rotary switch lets you monitor Ethernet traffic for collisions jabber peak traffic and percentage of network utilization You can monitor traffic on 10BASE T or 1OOBASE TX twisted pair cabling This feature lets you identify active cabling and provides some information on network activity If you want to troubleshoot active networks contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools When connected to a network the test tool automatically generates link pulses to activate the hub The test tool uses Auto Negotiation when attempting to link to monitor 10 100BASE TX traffic If a link state does not occur the test tool displays the warning message HO LINK PULSE To monitor network traffic on a twisted pair Ethernet network refer to Figure 4 5 and proceed as follows Test To
51. Cable IDs can contain a maximum of 18 letters numbers and special characters such as and spaces Accented characters are not available The types of characters used in each position must match between the range s start and end ID For example using the letter O as the third character in the start ID and the number 0 as the third character in the end ID generates an error message The auto sequence function increments letters and numbers starting with the farthest right character then moving left Special characters and matching characters are not incremented As an example the following range of cable IDs could be assigned for testing the cabling in 2 rooms where each room has 3 cable drops Start ID ROOM A DROP 1 End ID ROOM B DROP 3 The test tool would name the Autotest results in the following sequence ROOM A DROP 1 ROOM A DROP 2 ROOM A DROP 3 ROOM B DROP 1 ROOM B DROP 2 ROOM B DROP 3 If you try to save Autotest results after the last ID was used the list shown after you press shows that all IDs are used by saved reports used IDs are preceded by a Use the Ed i t or New softkeys to create a new ID See Chapter 3 for more information Getting Started 2 Configuring the Test Tool Enabling and Configuring the Auto Sequence Function 1 wou e pp 7 Determine the range of cable names you want to use for your Autotests Refer to the previous section Turn the rotary switch to SE
52. D off Battery is not charging unit turned on The charger is not plugged in or the test tool is running a test When the test is finished charging resumes unless the battery is already charged gt 80 LED flashing Fast charge pending red Charging is beginning This state may last for several minutes until fast charging begins LED steady red Fast charge The unit stays in fast charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the battery is fully charged or a test is initiated LED steady Charge complete green Fast charge is complete The unit enters trickle charge mode Connector and latch for attaching link interface adapters latch Pass LED A green LED that turns on at the end of a test if no faults were detected Test LED A yellow LED that turns on when a test is in progress Fail LED A red LED that turns on at the end of a test if one or more faults were detected Talking LED A LED that turns on when the Talk mode is active Low battery LED A LED that turns on when the remote battery voltage is low O TALK Lets you use the headset for two way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable When the Talk mode is active this button controls the headset volume Rotary switch On off switch for remote The LEDs items 6 10 also briefly indicates the battery charge level when you turn on the remote Getting Started Link Interface Adapter Features
53. E EEEE AEE EEE 2 Ge tting Started siisii annia aa ana aeaa cd a aaan abaan aa anea aada ee eactececeee Read First Safety and Operational Information ee eee esse esse cseeteeseeeneeeneeenes QuickStart ssc cecick distil ieg Ais hci oe Ash iced ed ced es Powering the Test T00l oi irrena oee E E aiinir as dee abe iee Using the Menus rrise he Sieh ees ieee el edge aS eae eee Using the Link Interface Adapters 0 0 0 0 eeeeeecesecesecenecsseceecaeeeseeeseseaeeeeeenens Formatting the Memory Card DSP 4100 4300 oo eee ee eeceseceseeeeteeeeeeeenees QuicksConfipurationisss 23s 3 e ea e das SA a E EE EEE Gb ete eee ee Results within Accuracy Range eee eeescesecesecssecsseceecaeeeseseeecaeeeneseeeeeneeeeeees Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling oe ceeeeeeeceeeceseceseceseceaecseecaeeeeseaeseeeeenees Saying Test Reports ane a pasa E E wise hares Using the Talk Modeion enie ee eE ci nis aude ies Autotest on Coaxial Cabling e ieee cee cseeereeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseceseceseeeeeeeenseeaees Main Unit Feat res sorone sineren ionene rE REEE EEEE E EEEE R mote Feat r Sisner enir E EEE EEEE EE Link Interface Adapter Features eee cece cseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceseeaeesaesaesaaeeaeeees Permanent Link Interface Adapters DSP 4000PL 4300 Changing the Personality Module DSP 4000PL 4300 ee eee eseeeeeeeeeees Strap and Bal soci sist essed dats lenviieadere endl divusl abil E E nee Rotary S Wite hereroerne ini e E E ase i i eas sel asl Atot
54. E2 An IEEE Standard for Thin Coax Ethernet networks 10 Mb s transmission baseband signaling 185 meters per coax segment Also known as Thinlan Thinnet or Cheapernet 10BASE T An IEEE Standard for unshielded twisted pair Ethernet networks 10 Mb s transmission baseband signaling unshielded twisted pair cable Maximum cabling length is 100 meters 100BASE TX An IEEE Standard for twisted pair Ethernet networks 100 Mb s transmission baseband signaling two pair category 5 twisted pair cable Maximum cabling length is 100 meters 1000BASE T An IEEE Standard for twisted pair Ethernet networks also known as Gigabit Ethernet 1 000 Mb s transmission baseband signaling four pair category 5 twisted pair cable Maximum cabling length is 100 meters ACR Attenuation to crosstalk ratio The difference between NEXT in dB and attenuation in dB Good cabling performance corresponds to high ACR values in negative dB which results when NEXT is much higher than attenuation B 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 2 Anomaly A location on network cabling where the cabling s impedance changes abruptly Attenuation Insertion Loss A reduction in the strength of a signal Attenuation is usually expressed in decibels Auto Negotiation The ability of a network device to determine the capabilities of a far end device then select settings for optimal communication Balun An impedance matching transformer used to trans
55. FLUKE networks DSP 4000 Series CableAnalyzer Users Manual July 2001 Rev 1 5 03 2000 2003 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies LIMITED WARRANTY amp LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke Networks product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of purchase Parts accessories product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end user customer of a Fluke Networks authorized reseller and does not apply to disposable batteries cable connector tabs cable insulation displacement connectors or to any product which in Fluke Networks opinion has been misused altered neglected contaminated or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling Fluke Networks warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non defective media Fluke Networks does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption Fluke Networks authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Networks Warranty support is available only i
56. LCD display with backlight and adjustable contrast OROROORO Allow left right up and down movement on the display Increase or decrease the numerical values of user definable parameters o ole ae alele Controls the display backlight Pressing for 1 second allows adjustment of the display contrast Reactivates the test tool when the tool is in power down mode a gt Cc A LIA connector and Lets you use the headset for two way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable Saves Autotest results and parameter changes in memory Selects the highlighted item from a menu Connector and latch for the link interface adapters LIAs alas g 2 5 mm phone jack latch RS 232C serial A 9 pin connector for interfacing with a printer or host computer port via a standard IBM AT EIA RS 232C serial cable Connection for the headset supplied with the test tool 2 19 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 20 Table 2 4 Main Unit Features cont Item Feature AC power indicator AC adapter charger jack Description LED off Battery is not charging unit turned off The charger is not plugged in LED off Battery is not charging unit turned on The charger is not plugged in or the test tool is running a test When the test is finished charging resumes unless the battery is already charged gt 80 LED flashing red Fast charge pending Charging is beginning
57. Noise Noise Electrical noise is unwanted electrical signals that alter the shape of the signals transmitted on a LAN cabling Figure 7 8 shows an example of how noise affects the shape of an electrical signal known as a sine wave Signals that are severely distorted by noise can cause communication errors in a LAN oy31f eps Figure 7 8 Sources of Electrical Noise Electrical noise is generated by any device that uses or generates voltages that vary over time Varying voltage generates a varying electromagnetic field which transmits noise to nearby devices in the same way that a radio transmitter transmits signals to your radio For example fluorescent lights which use 50 Hz or 60 Hz ac alternating current power continuously radiate a 50 Hz or 60 Hz signal that can be received by nearby devices as electrical noise DSP 4000 Series Users Manual LAN cables act as antennas that can pick up noise from fluorescent lights electric motors electric heaters photocopiers refrigerators elevators and other electronic devices Coaxial cable is far less susceptible to noise than twisted pair cable because it is shielded by a conductive sheath The sheath is electrically grounded to prevent noise from reaching the inner conductor The test tool measures impulse noise on the cable under test Impulse noise is abrupt spikes of interference This noise is caused by electronic devices that run intermittently such as eleva
58. ONS Press to select iew Delete Test Reports The VIEW DELETE TEST REPORTS screen appears showing the first screen of test report labels The reports are listed in the order saved starting with the oldest report in memory Each test report label shows the date and time the report was saved the cable identification name and an overall test result pass fail or warning Use GD Page Up gt Page Down ad to highlight the report you want to view rename or delete Press the softkey labeled with the function you want The softkeys function as follows e Delete Report Deletes the highlighted report from memory e iew Result Displays the overall Autotest result and headroom value for the highlighted report To see detailed results for a test press iew Result again then highlight the desired test and press ENTER DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Note for Models DSP 4100 4300 You cannot view results saved on a memory card if they were created using a different test standards version than is present in the test tool To view these results use LinkWare software to upload them toa PC To change the cable identification press the D Rename Report softkey that appears after you press iew Result twice Use the softkeys to edit the cable identification Press when you are done To delete all of the Autotest reports stored in memory select Delete All Test Reports from the main SPECIAL FUNCTIONS menu
59. TUP Use to highlight the auto increment setting then press D Choice Use to highlight Sequence then press D Edit ID Seq Use _ to select the Start ID orEnd ID field for editing To add characters to the ID use the keys to highlight a character in the list then press ENTER Use D and G D to move the cursor through the ID Use gt De lete to delete characters to the left of the cursor Press when you are finished then press ENTER When necessary you can edit the cable ID when you save an Autotest See Chapter 3 for information on saving Autotest results with the auto sequence function enabled Selecting a List of Downloaded IDs DSP 4300 On a DSP 4300 test tool you can select cable IDs from lists created with LinkWare software and saved on a memory card See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details To select a downloaded list as the source for cable IDs proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 Put a memory card that holds one or more cable IDs lists into the test tool Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Use to highlight the auto increment setting then press gt Choice Use to highlight Gable IDO List To view the lists available on the memory card press CD Select ID List Use to highlight the list you want to use then press ENTER The selected list appears when you save an Autotest 2 39 DSP 4000 Series Users Ma
60. Tones Remote Lights Messages and Audible Tones The remote indicates various states by flashing light emitting diodes LEDs and emitting audible tones as described in Table 2 6 Table 2 6 Status Indications from the Remote Status Remote Indications Power on self test passed The unit beeps and all LEDs flash in sequence Power on self test failed The unit beeps and the fail LED flashes continuously Main unit is running a test Testing LED is on Pass and fail LEDs flash as tests pass or fail Previous test passed Pass LED turns on for 15 seconds Previous test failed Fail LED turns on for 15 seconds Talk mode is active Talk LED turns on Battery voltage is low The unit beeps and the low battery LED flashes continuously Battery voltage is too low to operate The unit beeps and the low battery LED is on continuously Overvoltage condition detected on cable The unit beeps and all LEDs flash continuously under test i Caution To avoid damage to the remote disconnect the cable immediately if an overvoltage condition occurs Remote Communication Error If the main unit detects a communication problem with the remote the following message appears on the main unit REMOTE communication error This message means that the REMOTE data cannot be transmitted to the main unit usually because the cabling is defective To verify proper remote operation run a self test as described in the earli
61. a above the key Softkey functions depend on the screen displayed Getting Started Quick Start Using the Link Interface Adapters The link interface adapters provide the correct connectors and interface circuitry for testing different types of LAN cable The adapters also allow for upgrades when new types of cable are developed See Link Interface Adapter Features in this chapter for more details If your test tool includes the DSP LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters see Permanent Link Interface Adapters in this chapter for important handling information Optional link interface adapters that provide additional functions are available from your Fluke Networks dealer Visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com for the most recent information on optional adapters Figure 2 1 shows how to attach a link interface adapter Self calibration is not required when you change adapters The test tool displays a message if you try to run a test that is not supported by the attached link interface adapter Refer to Appendix A for a list of tests supported by the standard link interface adapters The LIA Status selection on the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS menu reports the type of link interface adapter attached to the main and remote units The status display also shows how many Autotests have been run with each adapter 2 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 6 oy72f eps Figure 2 1 Attaching a Link Interface Adapt
62. able types lots and manufacturers To ensure maximum accuracy of length measurements perform an NVP calibration as described in Chapter 6 A PASS result means that the measured length is within the specified limit for the selected test standard A FATL result means that the measured length exceeds the limit Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delays are the times taken in nanoseconds for a test pulse to travel the length of each cable pair Delay skews are the differences in propagation delays between the shortest delay which is displayed as 0 ns and the delays of the other cable pairs The propagation delay and delay skew results show a limit if the test is required by the selected test standard If the test is not required the results always show PASS Characteristic Impedance The characteristic impedance test determines the approximate characteristic impedance of each cable pair Note Impedance measurements require a cable at least 5 m 16 ft long Cables shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test A PASS result means that the measured impedance is within the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured impedance exceeds the specified limit or an impedance anomaly is detected A Warning result means that the measured impedance exceeds test limits or an anomaly is detected but the characteris
63. alculated using the sum of the FEXT from the other pairs PSACR Power Sum ACR For each cable pair PSACR is calculated using the sum of the NEXT from the other pairs The following tests apply to coaxial cabling Impedance Measures the impedance of the cable Resistance Measures the loop resistance of the cabling shield and terminator Length Measures the length of unterminated cables Anomaly Detection During a coaxial cable test the test tool also detects and reports the position of the largest impedance anomaly if any are present on the cable Single Test The SINGLE TEST mode provides access to the individual tests defined by the selected test standard except for the ACR test This mode also lets you run the HDTDR and HDTDX analyzer tests A scanning function which continuously repeats the test is available for the wire map resistance HDTDR and HDTDX analyzer tests Single tests are useful for isolating cabling faults and quickly checking repairs 2 28 Getting Started Rotary Switch Monitor The MONITOR mode lets you continuously monitor impulse noise on twisted pair network cabling With the DSP LIAO13 link interface adapter you can monitor network activity on Ethernet systems Network activity is monitored for collisions jabber and percentage of system utilization The traffic adapter also includes a hub port locator which helps you determine port connections at a hub and a hub port capabili
64. alue which is the NVP for a typical sample of the selected cable type To determine a cable s NVP value proceed as follows Notes To determine a cable s NVP you should use a cable at least 15 m 50 ft long The recommended length is 30 m 100 ft NVP is determined for the cable pair with the shortest electrical delay Attach a channel link interface interface adapter to the main unit Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to highlight Determine Cable HYP Press ENTER As prompted by the display connect a known length of the appropriate cable to the test tool Use the RJ45 to BNC adapter if necessary Seo Ste oS Verify that no cables are connected to the DB9 connector on the test tool Press TEST 8 Use or to change the displayed length to the known length of the attached cable As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value changes automatically The range for NVP values is 50 0 to 99 9 6 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 6 4 9 When the displayed length matches the known length of the cable press to store the new NVP value and return to the main Special Functions menu To exit the screen without saving the new NVP value press Ex If the message CABLE FAULT DETECTED appears verify that the selected cable type is correct check the cable for proper pin connections or calibrate with a different cable Configuring a Custom Test The Configure Custom Test function
65. ame to be saved with your results turn the rotary switch to SETUP then select REPORT IQDENTIFICATION See Editing the Report Identification in Chapter 2 for details 2 After an Autotest is complete press SAVE_J A list of cable IDs is shown The list includes the cable IDs for all saved Autotest results IDs used for previously saved results are marked with a Unused IDs are listed after used IDs The timestamp that will be saved with the Autotest is shown below the highlighted ID 3 Choose acable ID as follows e To save the Autotest results with the next unused ID in the sequence press Save J e To save the results with an unused ID out of sequence use to select an unused ID then press SAVE J e To edit a used or unused cable ID use to highlight the ID then press D Ed i t Use the alphanumeric display to edit the ID refer to the softkey descriptions in Figure 3 11 then press Save J The original ID remains in the list e To create a new ID press D New Use the alphanumeric display to edit the ID refer to the softkey descriptions in Figure 3 11 then press SAVE 3 29 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual If you try to save an Autotest after the last ID in the range has been used the list of saved reports shows that no IDs are available all are marked with a To save additional results set up a new range of IDs in SETUP or use the D Edit or G D New softkey as describe
66. are separated by an insulating material dielectric Undesirable capacitance that occurs between conducting wires in network cabling results in capacitive coupling which causes crosstalk between cable pairs B 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 4 Category 3 A cabling standard for UTP voice grade cable specified be the EIA TIA 568 standard for use at speeds up to 10 Mbps Category 4 A cabling standard specified by EIA TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 20 Mbps Category 5 A cabling standard specified by EIA TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 100 Mbps Channel A network connection consisting of 1 a network equipment patch cable to a horizontal cross connect 2 two connections at the cross connect 3 a horizontal cable segment up to 90 m 295 ft 4 a transition connector near the telecommunications outlet 5 a telecommunications outlet and 6 a network equipment patch cable in the work area Cabling test limits for a channel are looser than those for a basic link because the channel limits allow for the effects of two connections at the cross connect and an extra connector near the telecommunications outlet The channel is defined in TSB 67 Characteristic Impedance The total opposition dc resistance and ac reactance to the flow of ac current that a network cable would have if the cable were infinitely long Coaxial Cable A type of transmission cable in which an inner conductor is surrounded first by an insulating
67. are updated every second after the first 10 second sample period Table 4 6 describes the items on the screen Table 4 6 Items on the Noise Monitor Screen Item Inpulse Noise Threshold Description The minimum level of noise that is considered to be a noise hit The default threshold is 270 mV If you want to change the fault threshold see the earlier section Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold Noise Test The overall result of the noise test Displayed only when 10BASE T is selected A PASS result means that no 10 second intervals included more than two noise hits A FAIL result means that more than two noise hits were detected during a 10 second interval fiverage The average number of noise hits per second since the start of the test Peak The highest number of noise hits per second and the time at which the peak was recorded GD Stop Stops the noise test and freezes the screen To restart the noise test Test press Test 4 25 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 4 26 Determining Hub Port Capabilities This test determines if a hub supports the following standards e Auto Negotiation e 10BASE T e 100BASE TX e 100BASE T4 e 100BASE TX Full Duplex e 10BASE T Full Duplex To determine hub port capabilities proceed as follows 1 Attach a traffic link interface adapter such the optional DSP LIA013 to the test tool 2 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the net
68. at is closest to falling below specifications or the value that exceeds specifications by the greatest amount The worst NEXT is the lowest NEXT value measured Freguency The frequencies where the worst margin and worst NEXT values occurred Limit The lowest NEXT values acceptable for the frequencies above Hargin The differences between the NEXT values and the limits A positive number means that the measured NEXT value is higher than the limit PASS A negative number means that the NEXT is lower than the limit FAIL Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Pressing _ iew Plot produces the NEXT plot screen Figure 3 6 describes an example of the screen 7 HEAT Pairs 1 2 4 5 lt 1 100 O 60 0 SOMHz 100 46 506 at 15 6MH2 Margin 7 606 a F Adjusts scale qo Moves cursor View Next Result Pairs oy11c eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz Use to switch between scales To switch to the next lowest or highest range use to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot e efe The NEXT level frequency and margin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the read
69. ation occurred If the test failed this is where the highest failing value of attenuation occurred Limit The highest attenuation value acceptable at the frequency shown This value is based on the maximum allowable cabling length Margin The difference between the worst case attenuation and the limit A positive number means that the measured attenuation value is lower than the limit A negative number means that the attenuation is higher than the limit 3 12 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling eje e Pressing G D iew Plot produces the attenuation plot screen Figure 3 5 describes an example of the screen ATTENUATION Pair 2 lt 1 _ 1 40 30 ORN Onan t SOMHz 100 6 506 st 98 3NH2 Margin 17 006 a F Adjusts scale 4q p Moves cursor View Next Result Pair The cable pair relevant to the plot oy10c eps Frequency range in MHz Use to switch between frequency scales To switch to the next lowest or highest range use to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot The attenuation level frequency and margin at the cursor s position Margin is the difference between the limit and the measured value If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the attenuation value at the cursor s position The measured attenuation for the cable pair The attenuatio
70. ation that will appear on the Autotest reports you save Use to highlight the information you want to edit then press ENTER If you are editing an operator or site name you can press _ New to adda new name The Hew softkey appears only if less than 20 names have been entered If 20 names have been entered you must delete a name before adding a new name To rename or delete an existing operator or site name press D Edit select the desired name then press D Rename or D Delete Changes to names preceded by a appear on printed test reports You cannot delete a name that is used on a saved report To add characters to the name use the and keys to highlight characters in the list then press ENTER To delete the character left of the cursor press DDelete To edit characters in the middle of a name use gt to move the cursor into the name To move the cursor back to the right most character press D until the cursor wraps back to the right To increment or decrement an alphanumeric character anywhere in the cable identification use G_ to highlight the desired character then press DINE or G DDEC To store the name press SED Note You can use LinkWare software to download report identification information from a PC to the test tool Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Setting Up Cable IDs The cable identification cable ID is the name you assign to th
71. ay Resistance Impedance Attenuation Skew Anom Result Freg ft Limit ns Limit ns Limit ohms Limit ohms Limit ft dB MHz 176 328 112 1555 13 750 1109 80 120 5 5 100 0 175 328 119 555 12 SO 4 1107 80 120 15 6 100 0 176 329 112 555 13 50 4 1108 80 120 15 5 100 0 74 328 09 555 1 0 50 109 80 120 5 2 100 0 Main Results Remote Results Worst Margin IWorst Value Worst Margin IWorst Value HEADROOM 6 2 dB NEXT Remote 36 45 Limi dB 24 0 24 0 24 0 24 0 Result Freq Limit Result Freq Limit Result Freq Limit Result Freq Limit MHz dB B MHz dB B MHz dB dB MHz dB 14 5 F 28 3 42 5 1 nnan i e o 20 t o an W w w noa wN o w wN an NOAN MARAN ANAND OrnN l OCON OOOMMMMAONNOO NLOOOO NAOOOO NLOO NOOO On amp ewebe ONNO NA Or Owww Nee ONAN NONN MUNN w Nn Nn NODD NRPRPNTOLHLOMAMO eN NOON NAOOMM wunon NNN O MODA A AND D w e o N o e o Ne WO DA N ODO mono Ww E n A E E NUWUN wwoorn BNO COOMA MANONNOF omomnoan omom oo BN oo BN BEMN emmo ANDO e O e e a OF BAUDON ANANNN wom YONO mnowo AOR AN o O e O a Ne RPsAINW monon aoo o Dwe am a NMRPRrPOWULLOMAKMMO BE ORR WO mono ANAN HDN were ABORrPMAOWOWA Amon WA WUNDO N O Ww e WO BN WRRPRPOArPOMAOWOO NADMWOAM NAONA naw oao BOOrRMO TOMWWO oom ae Ob be strument Figure 3 12 Autotest Report in Tabular Format nw e a POLO SOMNWNO IN ONAN OS NBORrMDO onan Frown Nw wN AN oy82f bmp 3 33 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual
72. ber Test Adapters are required for fiber cable Two way communication over twisted pair cable requires two good wire pairs Note The Talk mode is disabled during cable tests The DSP LIAO13 supports the Talk Mode only through the CABLE TEST jack Use the Talk mode as follows 1 2 3 Connect the main and remote units to the cable under test Plug the headsets into the headset jacks on the main and remote units Press on either the main or remote unit then speak into the headset s microphone To adjust the volume at the main unit use or To adjust the volume at the remote use to cycle through the volume settings To exit the Talk mode press or turn the rotary switch to a new position The Talk mode turns off automatically when you start a cable test 2 15 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Coaxial Cabling The following tests are run during an Autotest on coaxial cabling Impedance Resistance Length Anomaly detection Results shown only if anomalies are detected To run an Autotest on coaxial cabling refer to Figure 2 7 and proceed as follows 1 2 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing If you want the Autotest to report cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling Attach any channel link interface adapter to the main unit Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct You can c
73. can be caused by faulty connections mismatched cable types and untwisted sections on twisted pair cable Also called an anomaly Inductance A property of a device that tends to oppose changes in current Inductance is an undesirable characteristic of cables because it causes signal attenuation Inductive Pickup A device that emits sound when placed near a source of electromagnetic emissions Inductive pickups are used to locate individual cables in a bundle Jabber A network fault condition where a frame longer than 1518 bytes is detected Network protocols specify a maximum packet length that one station may transmit before other stations are allowed to transmit B 7 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 8 Level I Level Il Level IIE and Level Ill Accuracy Levels of performance requirements for field testing of installed unshielded twisted pair cable links Level I is acceptable for testing channels Level II has tighter limits and is preferred for testing basic links These requirements which evolve over time are published in TSB 67 Levels IIE and III apply to Cat 5E and the proposed Cat 6 standards respectively Link Pulse A single bit 100 ns test pulse that is transmitted at least every 50 ms during idle periods on 10BASE T link segments to verify link integrity MUTO Multi user telecommunications outlet A multiport outlet installed in the work area to support a group of users The MUTO cabling standard addr
74. ce anomalies detected HDTDR Plot Screen To view the HDTDR plot for a cable pair use to highlight one of the pairs then press D iew Flot to see the plot screen for that pair Figure 4 3 describes an example of a HDTDR plot Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test HDTDR Pair 2 lt 1 100 lOO FE 100 200 6 Ro lect ions 61 at 103 ft a F Adjusts scale q b Moves cursor Next Scannin OGE Pair On DFF oy21c eps The cable pair relevant to the results The peak value as reported on the results screen location of the main test tool The distance along the cabling under test The 0 at the left of the scale represents the The distance to the end of the cabling as reported on the results screen OQO ODIO The percentage of reflected signal relative to the size of the HDTDR test signal Positive pulses indicate locations on the cabling where the impedance increased Negative pulses indicate locations on the cabling where the impedance decreased Bi polar pulses usually indicate connectors The Cursor Readout shows the location and the reflection percentage at the cursor s position Use to move the cursor left or right Use to change the maximum distance of the horizontal scale Toggles the vertical scale from 100 1X to 25 4X Figure 4 3 Example of an HDTDR Plot Twisted Pair Results 4 13 DSP 4
75. cimal fractions Display and Select English German French Spanish Italian Portuguese or Report Language Japanese Power Line Noise Select the frequency of the ac power in your area The test tool filters out Filter Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz noise from measurements 2 8 Getting Started Quick Start To change any of the settings shown in Table 2 3 proceed as follows 1 TDN an PS amp Turn the rotary switch to SETUP If the setting you want to change is not on the first Setup screen press GD Page Down to see additional Setup screens Use to highlight the setting you want to change Press gt Choice Use to highlight the setting you want Press to store the highlighted setting Repeat steps 2 through 6 to change additional settings Results within Accuracy Range An asterisk following a test result value indicates that the value is within the test tool s range of accuracy as shown in Figure 2 3 All tests except the wire map test may produce results with an asterisk if required by the selected test standard If you want the asterisk to appear on the overall pass fail test result as well as the individual test result enable Top Level Pass Indication in SETUP If a pass result is marked with an asterisk look for ways to improve the cabling installation to eliminate the marginal performance A fail result marked with an asterisk should be considered a failure The a
76. copying the results 3 31 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual The Autotest Report 3 32 With LinkWare software you can upload reports to a PC for viewing and printing Figures 3 12 and 3 13 show examples of reports generated with LinkWare software You can send Autotest reports directly to a serial printer or edit the report s identification information in the PRINT mode See Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports for complete instructions The overall result printed on a report can be a pass or fail or warning A failure of any test required by the selected test standard produces a fail result on the report summary If required by the selected standard a warning appears on reports for twisted pair cabling if a length impedance propagation delay or delay skew test produced a warning The warning means that the measurement exceeds its limit but the test standard does not fail the cabling based on that measurement Autotest The Autotest Report Cable ID 0001 Test Summary FAIL The Big Old Cable Company SITE Bud s Garage Date Time 07 17 2000 01 16 17pm OPERATOR Fred1 Test Standard TIA Cat 5e Channel Standards Version 3 72 Cable Type UIP 100 Ohm Cat 5e Software Version 3 72 FLUKE DSP 4100 S N 5251965 LIAQ12 NVP 69 0 FAULT ANOMALY THRESHOLD 15 FLUKE DSP 41005R S N 3171963 LIAQ12 SHIELD TEST N A Wire Map PASS Result RJ45 PIN 1234567865 fee ee ed RJ45 PIN 12345678 Length i Del
77. ctory calibration once a year to ensure that the test tool meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications To return a unit to Fluke Networks for calibration call an authorized Fluke Networks Service Center for return instructions Notes All DSP 4000 Series test tools use the DSP 4000 calibration module Allow a 1 minute warm up time before performing a self calibration Perform the self calibration only after the test tool has warmed up to an ambient temperature between 10 C and 40 C 50 F and 104 F 6 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual To recalibrate the test tool refer to Figure 6 1 and proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 5 Test Tool Smart Remote oy77f eps Figure 6 1 Connections for Self Calibration Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to highlight e If Calibration Press ENTER Connect the test tool to the remote as directed by the displayed messages Press TEST to start the calibration When the calibration is complete the calibration data and the remote s serial number are automatically stored in the test tool s calibration library If the message SELF CALIBRATION F IL appears check the following Verify that the test tool and remote are securely connected with the calibration module Verify that the connected units are resting on a flat sur
78. d RL for the cable pair 3 22 Figure 3 9 The RL Plot Screen Autotest Autotest on Coaxial Cabling RL REMOTE The RL REMOTE test is identical to the RL test except that the RL values are measured from the remote end of the cabling PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT and PSNEXT REMOTE The PSNEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs PSNEXT is expressed as the difference in amplitude in dB between the crosstalk received on a cable pair and a test signal transmitted on the other pairs PSNEXT is calculated from NEXT values PPNEXT REMOTE is calculated from NEXT REMOTE values The descriptions of the results are the same as for NEXT results except that they show the sum effect of NEXT on a cable pair PSELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT The PSELFEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined FEXT from the other pairs To calculate PSELFEXT for a cable pair the test tool subtracts the pair s attenuation from the combined FEXT of the other pairs The descriptions of the results are the same as for ELFEXT results except that they show the sum effect of FEXT on a cable pair PSACR Power Sum ACR and PSACR REMOTE PSACR results show the ratio of each wire pair s attenuation to the combined crosstalk received from the other pairs The test tool calculates PSACR values by subtracting a pair s attenuation from its PSNEXT value PPACR REMOTE values are calculate
79. d above to create a new ID for each additional Autotest Saving Results with Downloaded Cable IDs DSP 4300 You can select a downloaded list as the source for cable IDs from the auto increment menu in SETUP See Selecting a List of Downloaded IDs in Chapter 2 for details Saving results with downloaded cable IDs is similar to saving with auto sequence IDs Follow steps 1 through 3 from the previous section Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled Changing the Cable ID for a Saved Autotest Report 3 30 You can change the cable identification assigned to a saved Autotest report as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 2 Select ieu Delete Test Reports 3 Use to highlight the desired report Press G D View Result then pres CD iew Result 4 Press GD Rename Report Use the editing softkeys to edit the cable identification refer to the softkey descriptions in Figure 3 11 5 Press SAVED Autotest Saving Autotest Results If Memory is Full If the Autotest results you save fill the last available memory location the following message appears WARNING TEST RESULT MEMORY I NOW FULL If you try to save additional test results after the memory has been filled the following message appears UNABLE TO SAVE TEST RESULTS MEMORY I5 FULL To save additional test results you must delete one or more test reports from memory in SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode or for a DSP 4100 or DSP 4300
80. d on the permanent link adapter is saved with the Autotest results and appears on printed test reports You can save the results from an Autotest anytime after the Autotest is complete but before another Autotest or a Single Test is started A cable identification cable ID is assigned to each Autotest you save The screen you use for entering a cable ID depends on which cable ID function is enabled Saving Results with Auto Sequence Disabled 1 If you want to check or edit the custom header operator name or site name to be saved with your results turn the rotary switch to SETUP then select REPORT IDENTIFICATION See Editing the Report Identification in Chapter 2 for details 2 After an Autotest is complete press SAVE The test save screen appears as shown in Figure 3 11 3 Use the appropriate editing keys to enter a cable identification name for the test results you are saving Refer to Figure 3 11 4 Press to store the test results with the cable identification displayed A confirmation screen appears for about 2 seconds 3 27 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual A warning screen appears if you try to save a test report with the same name as a previously saved report On a DSP 4000 test tool pressing saves the new report with the duplicate name but with the current date and time The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test tools do not let you save reports with duplicate IDs On any model pressing D Edit I D or lets you change
81. d using PSNEXT REMOTE values Autotest on Coaxial Cabling To run an Autotest on coaxial cabling refer to Figure 3 10 and proceed as follows 3 23 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual For Length Test remove far end Terminator i Channel LIA Connector Test Tool oy04f eps Figure 3 10 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling 3 24 Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling 1 Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit 2 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing 3 If you want the Autotest to report cabling length remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling 4 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 6 Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cabling Use the RJ45 to coaxial adapter to connect the test tool to the cabling 7 Press TEST to start the Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling An Autotest on coaxial cabling performs the following tests Characteristic Impedance Note Impedance measurements require cabling at least 5 m 16 ft long Terminated cabling shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test Unterminated cabling shorter than this length will always fai
82. determine which port a cable is connected to at a hub The locator sends a link pulse to the hub causing the port s LED to blink To identify a hub port connection proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 Attach a traffic link interface adapter such the DSP LIAO13 to the test tool Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR Use to highlight the hub port locator selection then press ENTER Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as directed on the display Locate the connected port by finding the flashing LED on the hub s LED panel Monitoring Impulse Noise The Monitor Impulse Noise function allows you to monitor electrical noise on inactive twisted pair cabling Pair 3 6 is monitored The noise test takes noise voltage samples every second Voltages that exceed the impulse noise threshold are regarded as noise hits If the 1OBASE T standard is selected the noise test results include a pass or fail indication A fail result is displayed if more than two noise hits are detected in a 10 second interval Running Individual Tests 4 Monitoring Impulse Noise Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold You can set the impulse noise threshold to a value from 10 mV to 500 mV in increments of 10 mV The default noise threshold value is 270 mV To change the noise threshold proceed as follows 1 2 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Use GD Page Down and to find and highlight the impu
83. dule in place and tighten the screw with your fingers Caution Tighten the screw snugly with your fingers only Do not overtighten Doing so can damage the module or the end of the cable Personality ALA Static sensitive device oy86f eps Figure 2 12 Changing the Personality Module 2 25 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Strap and Bail The test tool and the remote have a strap and a bail Figure 2 13 shows how to attach the strap and open the bail oy07f eps Figure 2 13 Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on the main unit Off Turns the test tool off Setup information and test results saved via the key are stored in nonvolatile memory 2 26 Getting Started Rotary Switch Autotest Autotest is the most frequently used function in LAN cable testing Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to qualify the cabling you are testing When the Autotest is complete the tests that were run are listed with the overall result for each test You can also view detailed results for each test Results from Autotests can be saved for printing or transmission to a host computer The following tests apply to twisted pair cabling Note The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cabling depend on the test standard selected Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not
84. e Autotest results you save You can create a cable ID each time you save an Autotest or you can use IDs generated as follows The auto increment function generates IDs by incrementing the last alphanumeric character in the cable ID The auto sequence function generates IDs by incrementing characters through a range of values defined by a start and end ID On a DSP 4300 test tool you can select IDs from lists downloaded to a memory card You can create and download the lists with LinkWare software See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details Enabling the Auto Increment Function The test tool s auto increment function increments only the last alphanumeric letter or number character of the cable identification name each time you save Autotest results To enable or disable the auto increment function proceed as follows 1 2 3 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Use Page Down and if necessary to highlight the auto increment setting then press gt Choice Use to highlight Enab le then press Enter The last character of the cable ID you enter when you save the next Autotest will be incremented when you save subsequent Autotests 2 37 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 38 Determining a Range of Cable IDs for the Auto Sequence Function Use the following guidelines when determining a range of cable IDs to use with the auto sequence function
85. e HDTDR test see the earlier section The HDTDR Test For instructions on running tests in the MONITOR mode see the later section Monitoring Network Activity To run a Single Test on coaxial cabling refer to Figure 4 4 and proceed as follows 1 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing 2 If you want to measure cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cable you are testing Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit 4 Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 6 Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cabling then use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the test tool 7 Us to highlight the test you want to run Press to start the highlighted test Running Individual Tests 4 Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling For Length Test remove far end Terminator EENE Channel LIA Connector Ho Ugao Test Tool oy22f eps Figure 4 4 Single Test Connections for Coaxial Cabling DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test results for coaxial cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest with exceptions noted as follows Impedance Identical to
86. e first screen of the selected test mode press Ext Configuring the Test Tool The following sections provide more details about configuring your test tool You can configure the test tool in the SETUP mode or you can use the LinkWare software provided to download SETUP selections from a PC to your test tool Controlling the Backlight To toggle the backlight between its two levels of brightness press on the keypad You can set the backlight timer to automatically turn off the backlight after a specified period of inactivity You can also disable the backlight timer To set the backlight timer or disable the timer proceed as follows Oy ou Oo p s Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press G D Page Down Use to highlight the backlight time out setting Press gt Choice Use to highlight the desired time out period or the disable status Press to accept the highlighted selection 2 33 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual When the backlight time out is enabled the backlight timer starts counting down after all tests are complete or after the last key entry or movement of the rotary switch To restart the backlight timer while the backlight is on press any key except the backlight key or turn the rotary switch to a new mode Adjusting the Display Contrast To adjust the display contrast hold down for 1 second or longer The following message appears USE KEYS TO ADJUST CONTRAST Adjust the contrast to the d
87. e of frequencies and can be used in greater lengths than twisted pair cable However coaxial cable is more expensive than twisted pair Shield Dielectric Conductor oy29f eps Figure 7 3 Coaxial Cable Construction Basic Cabling Testing Basic Link Connections Basic Link Connections The cable links you test may or may not include equipment patch cables and extra transition connections in the telecommunications closet and work area For example cable installers are often responsible only for the permanent cabling installed between the closet and the first wall outlet in the work area This segment of cabling was originally defined in TSB 67 as the basic link shown in Figure 7 4 The basic link consists of up to 90 m of horizontal cable one transition connector at each end and two test equipment patch cables of no more than 2 m each Basic link testing which is no longer recognized in TIA and ISO standards is becoming less common as cabling installers adopt the newer permanent link testing standard Start Horizontal cabling End aS Patch panel Ra Test equipment connection patch cable basic link basic link Test equipment patch cable Basic link Smart Test Tool Remote oy73f eps Figure 7 4 Basic Link Test Connections 7 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Channel Connections Start channel 7 6 A chan
88. e polarities Twisting the wires together causes the fields to cancel out which minimizes the electrical noise or crosstalk generated by each cable pair There are two types of twisted pair cable shielded twisted pair STP and unshielded twisted pair UTP STP cable which may also be referred to as ScTP screened twisted pair or FTP foil screened twisted pair contains a conductive shield that is electrically grounded to protect the wires inside from electrical noise STP cable is more expensive and more difficult to install than UTP Basic Cabling Testing LAN Cable Construction Figure 7 2 shows the pin connections and wire colors for correct wiring to TIA 568A and 568B standards 568A Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 WoO 568B Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 WG oy28f eps Figure 7 2 EIA TIA RJ45 Connections The 568A and 568B wiring standards have the same electrical performance however the two standards should not be mixed in the same network because of the risk of wiring errors DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable consists of a conductor surrounded first by an insulating material then by a braided conductive sheath as shown in Figure 7 3 In LAN applications the sheath is electrically grounded and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise The shield also helps eliminate signal loss by keeping the transmitted signal confined to cable Coaxial cable can carry a wider rang
89. e two wires in each cable pair Twisting the two wires together causes the electromagnetic fields around the wires to cancel out leaving virtually no external field to transmit signals to nearby cable pairs You can avoid problems with crosstalk by observing the following precautions during installation e When untwisting cable pairs to install connectors or make connections at punch down blocks make the untwisted sections as short as possible e Be attentive when making wiring connections Wiring errors that cause split pairs create severe crosstalk problems e Do not make sharp bends or kinks in the cable Check the cable manufacturer s specifications for the minimum bend radius e Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties Power Sum Values Power sum values such as PSPNEXT PSELFEXT and PSACR show how much a wire pair is affected by the combined interference from the other pairs in the cable Power sum NEXT values show how much a pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs PSELFEXT values show the effects of the combined FEXT PSACR values show the ratio of a pair s attenuation to the combined NEXT of the other pairs Good power sum performance is important for higher speed networks such as 1000BASE T that transmit data in parallel over multiple wire pairs Though a cable link may not be installed for use with parallel transmission systems ver
90. e wrapped in a metallic sheath The sheath which is grounded at a single location in the network acts as a shield that protects the cable pairs from crosstalk and other sources of electrical noise Segment Network cabling terminated at both ends Segments can be joined together using repeaters or bridges Serial Data Transmission The transmission of data over a single wire Shielded Twisted Pair Twisted pair cable surrounded by a metalic shield that reduces electrical interference on the cable Originally referred to shielded twisted pair IBM cable with an impedance of 150 Q Skin Effect The tendency of current to flow only near the surface of a conductor This effect becomes more pronounced at higher frequencies Split Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where a wire from one cable pair is twisted with a wire from another cable pair Though the pin to pin connections may be correct splitting the cable pairs causes excessive crosstalk because the electromagnetic fields around the wires cannot cancel properly Glossary Star Topology Star Topology A network design in which each node is connected to a central hub Terminator A resistor connected to the end of a coaxial cable The terminator which is intended to match the characteristic impedance of the cable eliminates signal reflections by dissipating signals in the cable Token Ring A local area network that is arranged in a ring or star topology and u
91. eS nn caceveks cacevees aaueeesahee ren aes tekken Sinole TEST ssc cecssiiies Meni nn dana E a ee ce MO ntti 2g cette ke ees kk hse ee ee A Ree DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Special FUNCHONS 1 iissc050 0iisshevicarelaveassensvesasoloniesessuueosvedunenvbesuvesssaluviedessuwrseesdors Turning On the Test TOO vsvscesccesssssceacesscesscasps decenios edea ieies eee ieii Selecting a Language for Displays and Reports ssssessereessereeresrsererrsrreresrrereeene Performing a SOlL T est scecssc sessececscesses sacescesveseseessssssecs ce aeeie e n Si S e iei Oyervoltage Testeiro anei aeaee e eea a oa E EEEE RE Noise Testico ierant a E A A E E O ETNEA Comfipiiring the Test TOON sa secs csscccszseatesseesscesinnsogssscesdensscescesubestces e E EEEE Controlling the Backlight lt 5 scccscessssescescesvessscgensestvssncciesians i araa geai Adjusting the Display Contrast esesseesseeeessseeeresrsereesreerssreeresesresrsreeresreereserees Selecting a Power Line Filter Frequency essseseessereeseersrresesreeresrerrssrrreeresreers Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type ssesseseessseesssreesssrerresrsrrerrsrreresreeresene Editing the Report Identification 0 0 ee ee eeeeeecesecsseceseceecaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesees Setting Up CableID Srce EEE rE EE EEEE eh csasdelvessacecententy Viewing the Cable ID Configuration and Memory Status ieee eeeeeeeeeee Storing Plot Data with Saved Autotest Results DSP 4100 4300 Select
92. eaes Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results 0 ccccccsscesseececseneecesseeeecessneeeeesaeers Items on an HDTDR Results Screen Twisted Pair Results Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen cccceccccessceceeseececeesaeeecensceceessneeeceesaeeeesnnaeenss Items on the Noise Monitor Screen c cccecseccecssseececsecceceeseeecseseeeeceneeecseseeeeeseeeeeeees Identifying Cabling Faults eee eecceeeceeecesecesecssecsaecseecaeeeaeeseeseeeeeeseeseeenseenaes Troubleshooting the Test Tool 0 cece eeeeeeeeeseeecesecesaecseecaeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseenaeenaes Replacement Parts c5 sidssciscien ce sctevits clas evied vhs chante chs eas cao ch eee cent capes Options and Accessories eiorinn e i aee Ei e EE EEE AEE E EEEE Performance P ram tet Ssnin EE E REEE i PC Interface Cable Connections ccccccccccessececsesceceeseececeesaeeeceneeeeeseeeeeseaeeesseneeeeees 9 0 25 pi Adapte ereere en E EE E EEEE REEE EEE EEE EE E Eia Tests Supported by Standard Link Interface Adapters 000 00 cece eeeeesecesecseecseeeneeenes vii DSP 4000 Series Users Manual vill Figure 1 1 2 1 2 3 2 4 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 3 1 3 2 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 9 3 10 3 11 3 12 3 13 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 List of Figures Standard ACCESSOTIE Sssisspeorro iene sireni EEs aE EENE EN EEEE EESE ET EEEE ERE EE EEEE TEE EEEE Attaching a Link Interface Adapter ee c
93. ecifications Power Main unit and remote NiMH battery pack 7 2 V 3500 mAh Typical NiMH battery life 8 to 10 hours Charge time 4 hours AC adapter charger USA version Linear power supply 108 V ac to 132 V ac input 15 V dc 1 A output AC adapter charger international version Switching power supply 90 V ac to 264 V ac input 15 V dc 1 A output Memory backup power in main unit Lithium battery Typical life of lithium battery 5 years Environmental Requirements Operating temperature 32 F to 113 F 0 C to 45 C Storage temperature 4 F to 140 F 20 C to 60 C Pollution degree 2 Altitude 6562 ft 2000 m Avoid use outside the operating boundaries shown in Figure 8 3 Electromagnetic Compatibility Emissions EN61326 1 Class A Immunity EN61326 1 Note Exposure to a 3 V m Rf field in the range of 107 MHz 148 MHz may cause a maximum noise floor offset of 62 dB above the calculated specification of 1 5 dB 8 21 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 20 to 20 t40 60 80 100 120 140 4 32 Temperature deg F t t t t 20 40 50 60 0 30 Temperature deg C TS LJ Storage 20 C to 60 C ESS Normal Operation 0 C to 45 C oy40f eps Figure 8 8 Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP 4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered cables The inputs are protected
94. eeeeeeeesecnsecnseteetaeeees The Attenuation Plot Screem sscesscssssessessersoessserscesoevecesenevnsesssessnesserssereseeses The NEXT Plot Scteetis stcccscsitie dante cline dai a ieee eels The ELFEXT PIOt Screen to scisescs piv ae celihedineid dtd oasis The ACR Plot Screen cincssiescie haciendo bios ei tied dais The RL Plot Scre miesic s scessencieiicb ies ivi cltlaciieid bhai elisha aries Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling eee eecesecseecseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseenseenas Saving Autotest Results Auto Increment and Auto Sequence Disabled Autotest Report in Tabular Format cece eceescescesecsecsseceecaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeseenseenaee Autotest Report in Graphical Format 0 0 ccc eceecceecesecesecesecesecaecaeecaeeeseseeeeeaeeeees Single Test Connections for Twisted Pair Cabling 0 eee eeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeensees Example of an HDTDX Analyzer Plot for a Good Twisted Pair Cable Run Example of an HDTDR Plot Twisted Pair Results eecceesceesseceeeeeeneeceeeeeenaeeeeee Single Test Connections for Coaxial Cabling oes cesecseecneeereeeeeeeeeeereneeennees Connections for Monitoring Network Traffic eee cee eseeneeeeeeeseceseceseenaeeaeeaee DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 4 6 Typical Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise 0 0 0 ee ee eee eee cece cece eeeeeeeeeeees 5 1 Connections for Printing Test Reports 0 cece cee ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeaesaecsaesseetaeeses 6
95. eesaeeeeeeeeees 8 2 Attenuation Insertion Loss Measurement Accuracy for Channel 8 3 Pair to Pair NEXT Measurement Accuracy for a Channel 0 0 ee eeeeseeseeeseesseeeees 8 4 PSNEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel 0 0 eeeeeseeeceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseesaeesaeenaes 8 5 Pair to Pair ELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel ceeeeeeseeseeeeeeeees 8 6 PSELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel 0 0 eee ceceeeeceeeeeeeeeseeeseenseesaes 8 7 Return Loss Measurement Accuracy for Channel ceeeeescesecssecseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 8 Operating Environment Specifications 0 0 0 ceeeeccesecesecesecsseceecaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseees Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 provides the following information e Contact information for Fluke Networks e Features of the DSP 4000 Series test tools e A list of equipment included with the test tool e A guide to using this manual Contacting Fluke Networks Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www flukenetworks com Send email to support flukenetworks com To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service center call e USA 1 888 99 FLUKE 1 888 993 5853 e Canada 1 800 363 5853 e Europe 44 1923 281 300 e Beijing 86 10 6512 3435 e Japan 81 3 3434 0181 e Singapore 65 6738 5655 e Anywhere in the world 1 425 446 4519 For operating assistance in the USA call 1 800 283 5853 1 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1
96. eflections can distort the shape of communication signals the unused ends of cable segments must be terminated to prevent reflections The terminating device is a resistor with a value equal to the cable s characteristic impedance A signal reaching the terminator is neither reflected nor passed the signal is absorbed and dissipated by the terminating resistance Because the test tool relies on signal reflections to determine cabling length the tool cannot measure the length of properly terminated cables Interpreting the HDTDR Plot The HDTDR plot has a horizontal scale that represents distance and a vertical scale that represents the percentage of reflection relative to the original signal as shown in Figure 7 14 HDTDR Pair 455 100 1000 FE 200 400 Reflection 89 at 219 ft av Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin 4x Pair On DFF oy36f bmp Figure 7 14 An HDTDR Plot Notice that the reflection percentages can be positive or negative A positive value indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the same as the polarity of the original signal As discussed earlier positive reflections are caused by abrupt increases in the cable s impedance such as those caused by mismatches in cable types poor connections or breaks in the cable 7 23 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual ACR 7 24 A negative reflection percentage indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the opposite of the original
97. ent cord Test equipment cord Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f eps Figure 2 4 Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link 2 12 Getting Started Quick Start Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross connect Transition outlet Wall m outlet bw Horizontal cabling PC Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f eps Figure 2 5 Typical Test Connections for a Channel 2 13 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Work Area Telecommunications closet Consolidation point optional Patch panel Horizontal Permanent cabling link adapter Telecommunications outlet iz Permanent link adapter Test tool Remote oy84f eps Figure 2 6 Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link 2 14 Getting Started Quick Start Using the Talk Mode The Talk mode allows two way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable Fi
98. ent Link Adapters 2 per set DSP LIA101S Personality Module for Permanent Link Adapter PMO1 Personality Module for Permanent Link Adapter PM02 DSP PLCAL Automated Calibration Kit DSP PLCAL for DSP LIA101 permanent link adapters Visit the Fluke Networks website for applications of available modules Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails 8 Table 8 3 Options and Accessories cont Description DSP FTA410S Fiber Test Adapter multimode LED source 850 nm and 1300 nm Model Number DSP FTA410S DSP FTA420S Fiber Test Adapter multimode LED source 850 nm and 1300 nm DSP FTA420S DSP FTA430S Fiber Test Adapter singlemode laser source 1310 nm and 1550 nm DSP FTA440S Fiber Test Adapter 850 nm VCSEL source and 1310 nm FP laser source DSP FTA430S DSP FTA440S Multimedia card reader DSP MCR 16 MB multimedia card DSP MMC16 30 MB multimedia card DSP MMC32 Fiber jack accessory kit small form factor 62 5 um multimode NFK1 FJ LC accessory kit small form factor 62 5 um multimode NFK1 LC MT RJ accessory kit small form factor 62 5 um multimode NFK1 MTRJ VF 45 accessory kit small form factor 62 5 um multimode NFK1 VF45 External charger for NiMH battery BC7217 Soft carrying case C791 DSP FTK fiber test kit meter and multimode source DSP FTK LS 1310 1550 Laser Source LS 1310 1550 140 A Bug T
99. er Formatting the Memory Card DSP 4100 4300 Autotest results you save on a DSP 4100 or DSP 4300 test tool are stored on a removable memory card One 16 MB card is included with the test tool Compatible cards of different capacities can also be used in the test tool Figure 2 2 shows how to insert and remove the card You do not need to turn the test tool off before inserting or removing the card Before you store test results the card must be formatted as follows 1 Insert the card into the test tool as shown in Figure 2 2 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to select Memory Card Configuration then press enter 3 Press gt Format then press G D Yes to begin formatting For instructions on using the memory card reader and transferring Autotest results to a PC see the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu Getting Started Quick Start Inserting the card Removing the card Push button to eject card oy79f eps Figure 2 2 Inserting and Removing the Memory card To see the status of the memory card press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays or select Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode Caution The test tool may not be able to read or store test results on a memory card that contains other types of data such as music files 2 7 DSP 4000 Seri
100. er charger to the remote VOLTAGE I5 TOO LOW TO OPERATE You might need to charge the battery for a short time before the remote will operate INTERNAL DATA STORAGE BATTERY Have the lithium battery replaced at a Fluke VOLTAGE IS LOW Networks Service Center 2 44 Getting Started Battery Status Display Battery Status Display To see the charge level of the main unit s NiMH battery turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS then select Battery Status To see the charge level of the remote s battery connect the remote to the main unit then use D to toggle the display Conditioning the Battery The battery status is more accurate when the battery is properly conditioned The test tool includes a battery conditioning feature To condition the batteries proceed as follows 1 Connect the main and remote units together with a calibration module or with LIA adapters and an RJ45 patch cord or a cable 2 Connect ac adapters to both units Turn on the remote 4 Press and hold while turning on the main unit Release the key when the display goes blank The conditioning function discharges then charges the battery This may take several hours depending on the battery status when conditioning starts You can interrupt the conditioning if necessary The ac power LEDs on the test tool and remote turn green when conditioning is complete 2 45 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 46 Chapter 3 Autotest Chapte
101. er section Performing a Self Test 2 43 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Battery Status The test tool displays a message when its battery voltage or the remote battery voltage is low Table 2 7 shows the battery status messages and what you should do if a battery message appears When you turn on the remote the LEDs briefly indicate the battery charge level All five LEDs light up if the battery is fully charged fewer indicate partial charge DSP 4300 test tools show the battery status on the Autotest display If the main unit is connected to a remote the test tool also shows the approximate number of Autotests you can run with the currently selected test standard This number is based on the battery with the lower charge level Note To ensure continued operation while charging the battery always connect the ac adapter charger when the message WARNING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY OLTAGE I5 LOW appears Table 2 7 Battery Status Messages Message Displayed What You Should Do WARNING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY Connect the ac adapter charger VOLTAGE IS LOW RECHARGEABLE BATTERY V YOLTAGE Turn the test tool off and connect the ac IS TOO LOW TO OPERATE adapter charger If the tool does not operate when you turn it on turn it off again and allow the battery to charge for about 30 minutes WARNING REMOTE BATTERY OLTAGE Connect the ac adapter charger to the remote I5 LOW WARNING REMOTE BATTERY Connect the ac adapt
102. ermanent link testing standard Glossary Baud Rate Baud Rate A measure of data transmission speed Baud rate is the number of times per second that a signal changes states If only one bit is encoded in each signal change baud rate is the same as bits per second If more than one bit is encoded in each change the baud rate is lower than the bits per second rate Bit A binary digit which can have two values 0 or 1 The bit is the smallest unit digital data The word is a contraction of binary digit BNC connector A cylindrical push and twist connector used on coaxial cable BNC connectors are used on thin Ethernet cable IOBASE2 Broadband Signaling A method of signal transmission where the bandwidth of the medium is shared by multiple signals The signals are separated into channels carried on different frequencies within the bandwidth This transmission method is often used to transmit voice data and video signals over a single medium Also referred to as wideband Compare with baseband signaling Bus topology A network in which all nodes are connected to a single cable that carries all the messages in the network Byte A data unit usually made up of 8 bits One byte typically represents one character Cable Pair Two wires usually twisted together that form a complete circuit for signal transmission Capacitance A measurement of the capacity to store electrical charge across conductive elements that
103. ers Press ENTER Use to highlight the parameter you want to change Press gt Choice Use to highlight the setting you want Press to select the highlighted setting Repeat steps 3 through 6 to change additional serial port settings SOY oP oe eS Note You can also configure the serial port in the SETUP mode Printer Interface Cable The interface cable provided with the test tool is configured for serial communication with a PC To communicate with a serial printer you will probably need a different cable or an adapter for the cable provided The pin configuration for the cable provided and for Fluke s 9 to 25 pin adapter is given in Specifications in Chapter 8 Refer to your printer s manual for specifications on your printer s serial port 5 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 5 4 Printing To send a report through the test tool s serial port directly to a serial printer refer to Figure 5 1 and proceed as follows Test Tool ON m em w Reo hy oy25f eps Figure 5 1 Connections for Printing Test Reports Remove any cables connected to the connectors at the top of the test tool Configure the test tool s serial port as described in the previous section Use an appropriate cable to connect the test tool to the printer Turn the rotary switch to PRINT Use to highlight the print function you want Press to select the highlighted function The results of selecti
104. es Configuring a Custom Test occ ee ceecesecssecssecseeceecaeeeaeseeeeeeeeeseeeeseeaesaessaesaeeaaeees 7 Basic Cabling Testing cssecccescesseeeesneeeeseeeseeesessaeeeseaeeseeeesseseneenenseeeees LAN Cable Comstruction cccccccccccccccccccecccecececceccceeseeescecccesesacecaceuacecaseeaseeaeaeaeeeanenaes Twisted Pair Cable oieshecsusssdedesasccesvussunesesdslee osvesededs vsecseteesicespsashes staebudededucteoseeeds Coaxial Cable ennnen e EEEE EEE EEEE ENE EEEE ETE EOSS Basic Link Connections cccccccccccccccccccccccceccceececccceeceecceecccseccscececeeseeeasesasesseeeaeseaeenaes Channel Comme ction ccccccccccccccccccccccesceeceseecesecesecceeseeecesecesesesesesesceescessesneeanseseeeans Permanent Link Connections cccccccccsceccecececececececececececececeeeceeacececeeaeseaseeeseeenenaes Attenuation Insertion LOSS cccccccssscesssececeesececsssaececsnceeceesaeeecsesaeesseneeeenssaeeessenaees OTR E EE EEEE EEE EEEE AE T EEE ESEE Characteristic Impedance sissien iieiea in Ea EE a aE A EEE EESE Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities essesesesseeseeeeeestrererrsrterrrrertsrreresrerresreereet Crosstalk Serrar REE Sastvagact cat costes sacsaeecnscentaenatsneayenssstussacsoreeesee EAE Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems 0 e cece eeeeseese cece cneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseenaees Split Pairsand NEX Topec 5 vcs cabeleves Re bet E E eveet sede AE A EE Minimizing Crosstalk eseten i taar E
105. es Users Manual Quick Configuration The settings listed in Table 2 3 affect either the display format or the accuracy of your test results Following the table are instructions for changing the settings For a complete list of the test tool s adjustable settings refer to the later section Setup Table 2 3 Quick Configuration Settings SETUP Setting Description Test Standard Select the test standard and cable type you are using Fiber optic cable and Cable Type testing requires a Fluke Networks DSP FTA Fiber Test Adapter or a Fluke Networks DSP FOM Fiber Optic Meter comes with the DSP FTk Report Enter your company s name operators names and site names These Identification names appear in the Autotest reports you save Auto Increment Enabling this setting causes the last character of the cable ID to cable ID setup increment each time you save an Autotest The Sequence selection lets you define a range of cable IDs by entering a start and end ID Ona DSP 4300 the Cable ID List selection lets you select a list of IDs that was created and saved on a memory card with LinkWare software Store Plot Data Enable this setting to store plot data from tests such as attenuation DSP 4100 4300 return loss and NEXT with Autotest results saved on a DSP 4100 or DSP 4300 test tool Length Units Select meters or feet as the unit for length measurements Numeric Format Select a format 0 00 or 0 00 for display of de
106. es shows examples of test tool displays for some typical cabling faults 7 27 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Table 7 1 Identifying Cabling Faults Test Failure Likely Causes of Failure Wire map open Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Faulty connections Cables routed to the wrong location Wires broken by stress at connections Damaged connector Cuts or breaks in cable Wire map split pair Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wire map reversed pairs Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wire map crossed pairs Wires connected to wrong pins at connectors or punchdown blocks Mix of 568A and 568B wiring standards 1 2 and 3 6 crossed Crossover cables used where not needed 1 2 and 3 6 crossed 7 28 Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7 1 Identifying Cabling Faults continued Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display A25 Plot HDTDR Pair 152 1 1 2 2 100 3 3 6 6 ol Wire map display showing an Pin 1 Open open on wire 1 near the main unit Check Connector 1005 TN oon Ref lection 68 at 9 ft i a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor View Next HDTDR 4x Pair oy57i bmp oy58i bmp 3 3 HDTDX Analyzer Pairs 3 6 4 9 6 Sa ee 100 4 4 3 5 Wire map display showinga Pairs 3 6 4 5 Split split pair on pairs 3 6 and 4 5 pe
107. esecesecssecseeceecaeeeaeeeeesaeeeeeseeeeeeeeaeeeas Running the HDTDR Test on Twisted Pair Cabling eeeeeeeeeeeeees Running the HDTDR Test on Coaxial Cabling cece cee cseeereeeeeeeeeneeees HDTDR Results Sreet sciigus nourat r eean ei er EE Ese EE HDTDR Plof ScreeNsacn iceri soe aE E E E ETEA Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling esseessesesesseesrereeseererreresrrerrsrrerrsrerrese Wite Map abe ssissapccsesees cesetect tens ee e E E E EE EEEE EEE Eai o E E E AE E A E ET Impedances einama aha E E E E ea ea Attenuation Insertion LOSS sensies siniri in Resistance iiss ie o E O E EE ieee een Return Loss RL and RL REMOTE 0 ccccccecesseceessececeeseeeesseeeecssseeeesnneees Power Sum NEXT and Power Sum NEXT REMOTE cccccceesseeeesstteeeees Power Sum BLFEXT vennene aeea esha acces teed hie eee ees ta iii DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling eee csecseeeeecseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeaeeaeesaessaeeaes Running a Single Test on Coaxial Cabling eee eee eeeeeseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneenaees Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling 0 eee ce eeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesneneenaees Monitoring Network Activity eee eeeecesecesecesecesecsaecsaecneecsesesesseeeeeeeeeeeereeeenaees Identifying Hub Port Connections eee eeeeeeeeceeeeeseceseceseceaecaeceecaeeeaeseaeeeaeens Monitoring Impulse Noise eee ee eeceeesceeceeseceseceaecaecaaecaeecaeeeaeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaees Cha
108. esired level then press to accept the new level The display contrast setting is saved in memory when you turn off the test tool Selecting a Power Line Filter Frequency The test tool has a noise filter to keep ac noise 50 Hz or 60 Hz from affecting resistance measurements To set the frequency of the noise filter to the frequency of your ac power proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down until you see the power line frequency setting 3 Use to highlight the power line frequency 4 Press Choice 5 Uss to highlight the frequency you want 6 Press to accept the highlighted frequency 2 34 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type The test standard and cable type you select determine which standards are used and which tests are run during cable testing The test tool is equipped with information for all the common test standards and cable types Several of the test standards for twisted pair cable are defined for both a channel and a permanent link configuration The test limits for a channel are looser than those for a permanent link because the channel limits allow for the effects of two connections at a horizontal cross connect and a transition connector near the telecommunications outlet in the work area Figures 2 5 and 2 6 earlier in this chapter show the connections involved in a permanent link and a channel Chapter 7 further
109. esseeseeeeseceseeeeneeceeneeenaeceeeesaeceeneesnaeeesee Inserting and Removing the Memory Card eeeeceecessceseecseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeenseenaes The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy eee eeeecseesecssecesecseecaeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenseenaes Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link ee eee ese cneeeeeeeseeseceseenseenaeeaeeaee Typical Test Connections for a Channel 0 cc eeeeceseceseeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseceseesaeesaeeaes Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link ee eeeeeeceeeceeeeseenaeeaeeaee Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling cece ceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeceseeeseesaeesaeeaee Maim Unit Features eenn ene a E E EE EE E E EAI Remote Features ennnen an e E E aid ee Res Link Interface Adapter Features seesseseeseeeeeresrsreeresreeresrrrrsrersrerreertrnrrsreeresreerssee Permanent Link Adapter Handling Guidelines esssseessesseseseseeeseseeresrerreserrreresreees Changing the Personality Module s ssesseesseeeeseseeesesrsreeesrerrreerrrerrsrenresrerreeresreeresee Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail ssseeesseesseeesesrssresrsrrerrsrerrssrrrreseerreresreee Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link eee eee cee cree ereeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeaeeeaes Typical Test Connections for a Channel 0 ceeeeeeseeesecscecseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeereeaeenseenas Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseenaes Examples of Automatic Diagnostics Displays 000 0 eeeeeeseesce
110. esses the need for longer sections of cable that allow more flexibility when wiring modular offices Near End Crosstalk NEXT The amount of coupling loss in decibels occurring when a signal generated at the near end of one cable pair is received as crosstalk at the near end of another cable pair Higher NEXT levels correspond to better cabling performance NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation The speed of a signal through a cable expressed as a percentage of the speed of light Typically the speed of a signal through a cable is between 60 and 80 of the speed of light Packet A group of bits in a specific format containing a data message that is sent over a network Permanent Link A network connection consisting of 1 one connection at the patch panel 2 a horizontal cable segment up to 90m 295 ft 3 an optional consolidation point and 4 one connection at a telecommunications outlet Permanent link test connections are similar to basic link connections except that the effects of the test equipment patch cables are excluded from the test results Glossary Plenum Cable Plenum Cable Cable certified for installation in air ducts and open spaces over suspended ceilings without conduit Plenum cable is fire resistant and does not emit toxic fumes when burned Propagation Delay The time required for an electrical signal to travel the length of a cable PSELFEXT Power sum ELFEXT Power sum FEXT minus the attenuat
111. etween two devices The receiving device tells the sending device to start or stop data transmission by sending control signals on a cable wire that is dedicated to flow control signals HDTDR High definition time domain reflectometry A technique used for finding cabling faults and measuring cabling length and characteristic impedance A test pulse applied to the cabling is reflected by impedance discontinuities along the cabling such as a short or an open The cabling s characteristics are determined by timing the duration between the test pulse and the reflection and analyzing the shape of the reflected pulse Glossary HDTDX HDTDX High definition time domain crosstalk The HDTDX analyzer locates sources of NEXT along cabling This measurement technique is patented by Fluke Networks Horizontal Cabling The cabling between a telecommunications outlet and a horizontal cross connect Horizontal Cross Connect A group of connectors such as a patch panel or punch down block that allows equipment to be cross connected with patch cords or jumpers The horizontal cross connect is usually located in a wiring closet Impedance Opposition to the flow of ac alternating current signals Impedance is caused by inductance and capacitance Unlike resistance impedance varies with the frequency of the applied ac signal Impedance Discontinuity An abrupt change in a cabling s characteristic impedance Impedance discontinuities
112. f product is purchased through a Fluke Networks authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price Fluke Networks reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country Fluke Networks warranty obligation is limited at Fluke Networks option to refund of the purchase price free of charge repair or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke Networks authorized service center to obtain return authorization information then send the product to that service center with a description of the difficulty postage and insurance prepaid FOB Destination Fluke Networks assumes no risk for damage in transit Following warranty repair the product will be returned to Buyer transportation prepaid FOB Destination If Fluke Networks determines that failure was caused by neglect misuse contamination alteration accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling or normal wear and tear of mechanical components Fluke Networks will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work Following repair the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges
113. face Check the main unit remote unit and the calibration module for damaged connectors If the self calibration continues to fail send the main and remote units and the cable adapters to the nearest Fluke Networks service center See Service Center Repair in Chapter 8 for details 6 2 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards 6 Calibrating the Permanent Link Adapters Calibrating the Permanent Link Adapters The optional DSP PLCAL automated calibration kit lets you calibrate your permanent link adapters to meet enhanced accuracy specifications Calibration compensates for physical changes that occur over time to the adapter s cable and other components Regular calibration helps eliminate false fail results and helps ensure that test results represent the link s actual performance Fluke Networks recommends that you use the DSP PLCAL kit to calibrate your adapters after the first 40 hours of use Thereafter calibrate the adapters at least every 6 months Contact Fluke Networks for more information on the DSP PLCAL kit NVP Calibration The Determine Cable NVP function allows you to determine the NVP nominal velocity of propagation for a known length of cable and save the value for additional measurements of unknown lengths of the same type of cable The calibrated NVP value applies only to the selected test standard You can also enter a known NVP value or use the Set to Default softkey to set the NVP to the default v
114. facturers To ensure maximum accuracy of length measurements perform an NVP calibration as described in Chapter 6 Anomaly This result is shown at the bottom of the screen only if an impedance anomaly is detected The test tool reports an anomaly if 10 or more of the test signal is reflected The result shows the distance to the largest anomaly detected 3 26 Autotest Saving Autotest Results Saving Autotest Results A DSP 4000 test tool can store the results of 500 or more Autotests depending on the test standard used The test tool stores worst case margins and worst case values for most frequency dependant tests A DSP 4100 or DSP 4300 test tool with STORE PLOT DATA enabled can store at least 250 Autotests in graphical format on a 16 MB memory card depending on the standard used A DSP 4300 test tool stores results in internal memory if no card is present More Autotests can be saved if plot data is not included If STORE PLOT DATA is enabled the saved Autotest results include plots from tests such as the attenuation and NEXT tests HDTDR and HDTDX plots are also saved Saving the plot data lets you include plots on reports uploaded to a PC and printed with LinkWare software Caution The test tool may not be able to read or store test results on a memory card that contains other types of data such as music files If you used a permanent link test standard for the Autotest the model number of the personality module use
115. farther than A NEXT Signal source FEXT signals C and D travel the same distance Resulting the length of the cable FEXT oy70f eps Figure 7 9 How FEXT Signals are All Equally Attenuated 7 13 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 14 Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems If the test tool reports a NEXT or ELFEXT failure on a cable pair you can use the HDTDxX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk problem Like the HDTDR results the HDTDX analyzer results are presented in both a list and a plot format The list format shows the cable pairs tested the peak magnitude of crosstalk detected on the pairs and the distance to the peak magnitude The HDTDX analyzer plot shows the location and magnitude of all crosstalk sources detected on the cabling The HDTDX test uses very short 2 ns test pulses which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems resulting in more accurate distance to fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots Additionally the test tool runs the HDTDX test from both ends of the cabling for improved visibility of far end crosstalk problems An example of an HDTDxX analyzer plot from a test on a good twisted pair cable is shown in Figure 7 10 The plot s horizontal scale represents the distance along the cabling under test In the example plot the cursor is placed at a small crosstalk source caused by a connector 77 ft 23 5 m from the test tool HDTDX Analyzer Pairs
116. fer signals between coaxial and twisted pair cable Baluns are often used to connect IBM 3270 terminals to twisted pair cable or to connect coaxial Ethernet to UTP Bandwidth A measure of the information capacity of a transmission medium In analog communications bandwidth is expressed in hertz Hz as the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that the medium will pass without significant attenuation In digital communications bandwidth is measured in bits per second Baseband Signaling A method of signal transmission where the entire bandwidth of the medium is used to send a single signal The digital signal is applied without modulation directly to the transmission media Ethernet is a baseband network Compare with broadband signaling Basic Link A network connection consisting of 1 a test equipment patch cable to a patch panel 2 one connection at the patch panel 3 a horizontal cable segment up to 90m 295 ft 4 a telecommunications outlet or transition connector and 5 a test equipment patch cable from the outlet or transition connector Cabling test limits for a link are tighter than those for a channel because the channel limits allow for additional connections at the horizontal cross connect and near the telecommunications outlet The basic link is defined in TSB 67 Basic link testing which is no longer recognized in TIA and ISO standards is becoming less common as cabling installers adopt the newer p
117. ferences between the ACR values and the limits A positive number means that the worst case ACR is higher than the limit A negative number means that the worst case ACR is lower than the limit DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 3 20 Pressing G D iew Plot produces the ACR plot screen Figure 3 8 describes an example of the screen ACR Pairs 1 2 4 5 lt ___ 1 eal on 60 40 zo seel o S0MHz 100 46 1dB at 15 4 Hz Margin 15 606 a Adjusts scale q k Moves cursor View Next Result Pairs oy12c eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz of the ACR test Use to change the frequency scale elelo The ACR level frequency and margin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the ACR value at the cursor s position The ACR limits as defined by the selected test standard The limit line is dashed at frequencies where the attenuation is less than 4 dB Decibels of ACR for the cable pair lole The calculated ACR for the cable pairs Figure 3 8 The ACR Plot Screen Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pa
118. flukenetworks com Wire Map Test The wire map test tests and displays the wire connections between the near and far ends of the cabling on all four pairs Shield continuity is also tested if a shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the test standard was selected The pairs tested are those defined by the selected test standard Table 3 1 shows examples of wire map displays If the wire map test passes the Autotest continues You can view the wire map test results when the Autotest is complete If the wire map test fails the Autotest halts and the wire map screen appears with the word FAIL You can then save the wire map results by pressing S4vE_ To continue the Autotest press G D Continue Test Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays Wire Map Display Description Condition Correct wiring Cable wiring is correct Shield 5 shown only if required by selected test standard NNAL OW N NOONA DU N Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays continued Display Wire Map only affected pairs shown Description Condition Crossed wires 1 __ _ _ A wire in the 1 2 pair is crossed with 2 2 aa mo je a wire in the 3 6 pair Wiring does not 6 6 form a recognizable circuit Reversed pairs meee T Wires 1 and 2 are crossed 3 3 6 6 Crossed pairs l 5 Pairs 1 2 and 3 6 are crossed 6 6 Short s l Wires 1 and 3 are
119. g values obtained from the NEXT and attenuation tests The first ACR results screen shows the NEXT pairs and attenuation pair used to calculate the ACR result the worst case ACR margin and a PASS or FAIL result for each set of pairs To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press GD iew Result Table 3 5 describes the items on the ACR results screen For ISO TEC 11801 2002 and EN50173 2002 standards ACR is not evaluated where attenuation at the same frequency is less than 4 dB Table 3 5 Items on the ACR Results Screen Item Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ACR result The pair not listed as the Atten Pair produced the NEXT used in the ACR calculation Atten The pair that produced the attenuation value used in calculating the ACR result Pair Result The overall result for the ACR test A PASS result means that the calculated ACR is higher than the value specified for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the calculated ACR is lower than the specified value ACR dB The worst margin and worst ACR The worst margin is the ACR value that is closest to falling below specifications or the value that exceeds specifications by the greatest amount The worst ACR is the lowest ACR value measured Frequency The frequencies for the worst margin and worst ACR values Limit The lowest ACR values acceptable for the frequencies above Hargin The dif
120. g2shegocte castes en cene L E EEA E E Appendix A Tests Supported by LIAs Table A 1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters For a list of the optional link interface adapters available visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com A 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Table A 1 Tests Supported by Standard Link Interface Adapters DSP LIA012 and DSP LIA0O11 DSP LIA013 DSP LIA101 Standard or Test Basic Link Channel Permanent Link TIA Cat 3 5 and 5E Basic and X X Permanent Link TIA Cat 3 5 5E and 6 Channel x TIA Cat 6 Permanent Link Xx Class E Permanent Link X TIA TSB 75 MUTO Link X X 18011801 Channel Class C D 18011801 Permanent Link ClassC D X X ISO Link Class C D x x EN 50173 Class C D X X Aus NZ Class C and D Basic Link X Aus NZ Class C and D Channel X IEEE 10 100 1000BASE T X X TokenRing All X X TP PMD X X All coaxial standards x Impulse noise monitor and tone generator X Xx Traffic monitoring on twisted pair cable DSP LIA013 only Hub port locator and hub port capabilities DSP LIA013 test only Optical power and loss measurements X using a DSP FOM Fiber Optic Meter 1 All coaxial testing requires the RJ 45 to BNC adapter 2 Fiber test standards are supported by optional Fiber Test Adapters Appendix B Glossary 10BAS
121. guring a custom test 6 4 E construction coaxial and twisted pair ae ELFEXT identifying hub port connections 5 interface for PC explanation of test 7 12 plot description interface for printing 5 P g15 3 results screen items pin connections for 568 standard 7 3 EMC HI contrast 2 34 Cable ID auto sequence changing F incrementing False test results 8 4 list status Fault anomaly threshold twisted pair 3 11 selecting downloaded list 2 39 Fault info See Automatic diagnostics Cable type Fault Info key 3 7 selecting 2 35 Fluke Networks contacting 1 1 selecting quick start 2 8 Frequency 350 MHz Calibration Front panel factory 6 1 main unit 2 19 NVP 6 3 remote permanent link interface adapter 6 3 Full duplex transmission 7 26 self calibration Certifications H p F HDTDR test NE ANB e 3 13 B 4 effects of termination results test standard selection 2 35 eared tae R Characteristic impedance See Impedance exp i gt Coola interpreting the plot 7 23 Configure custom test 6 4 pe Sae results screen items 4 12 Connectors i main unitJ2 19 a Baas EN coaxial cable 4 9 7 20 remote 2 22 y example plots 7 29 Index continued interpreting the plot 7 14 results screen items 4 7 running the analyzer 4 6 Headroom 3 6 Hub port capabilities 4 26 Hub port locator j
122. h 100 Q of characteristic impedance Contact Fluke Networks for information on measurement performance on cabling with characteristic impedance other than 100 Q Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Compatibility with Remotes and Link Interface Adapters The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test tools are compatible only with DSP 4100SR and DSP 4300SR remote units respectively The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 remotes are not compatible with DSP 100 DSP 2000 or DSP 4000 test tools The LIAs are not compatible with DSP 100 or DSP 2000 test tools The test tool can store calibration data for two different remotes Standard Link Interface Adapters DSP LIAO11 Basic Link Adapter for Cat 5E Plug type and life shielded Cat 5E RJ45 gt 5000 insertions Cable type 100 Q Cat 6 SsTP Test supported shielded and unshielded cable TIA Cat 3 4 5 and 5E basic links and ISO IEC EN50173 Class C and D permanent links DSP LIA012 Channel Adapter for Cat 6 Plug type and life shielded RJ45 gt 5000 insertions Tests supported shielded and unshielded cable TIA Cat 3 4 5 SE and 6 channels and ISO IEC Class C and D channels DSP LIA013 Channel Traffic Adapter for Cat 6 Plug type and life shielded RJ45 gt 5000 insertions Tests supported shielded and unshielded cable TIA Cat 3 4 5 SE and 6 channels ISO IEC Class C and D channels Also performs LAN traffic tests see specifications for LAN traffic monitoring DSP LIA101 Permanent
123. h allows individual execution of many of the tests available in the Autotest mode SINGLE TEST mode features two additional tests the HDTDX High Definition Time Domain Crosstalk analyzer and the HDTDR High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry test Single tests help you isolate cable failures and quickly determine if repairs are good To certify a cable installation you should run an Autotest with the appropriate test standard 4 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Scanning Function The Single Test versions of the wire map resistance HDTDR and HDTDX analyzer tests include a scanning function which you can activate by pressing the gt Scanning ON softkey The scanning function runs the test repeatedly and updates the display each time a test is complete This function is useful for finding intermittent problems on a cable Note To extend battery life connect the ac adapter charger when using the scanning function for more than I minute When to Use a Remote Unit 4 2 A remote unit is required only when testing twisted pair cabling Table 4 1 shows which cable tests require a remote and which remotes support each test If a remote unit is detected at the start of a Single Test the test tool runs a wire map test before running the selected test If the wire map test fails the test tool stops the test and displays the wire map Press GD Continue Test torun the selected test Note The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test t
124. hange these settings in the SETUP mode Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cabling Use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the test tool Press TEST to start the Autotest Getting Started Quick Start For Length Test remove far end Terminator i C gt oN Channel LIA BNC T amp Connector Test Tool oy04f epc Figure 2 7 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Main Unit Features Figure 2 8 shows the features on the main unit and Table 2 4 explains their functions DSP 4100 4300 Side Plate oy05f eps Figure 2 8 Main Unit Features Getting Started Main Unit Features Table 2 4 Main Unit Features Item Feature Rotary Switch Description Selects the test tool s modes Starts the highlighted test or restarts the test last run FAULT INF EXIT 3 ale To DD Automatically provides more specific information on the cause of an Autotest failure Exits the current screen without saving any changes you made Provide functions related to the concurrent display Softkey functions are shown in the display area above the keys Display A
125. he speed of a signal through a cable relative to the speed of light In a vacuum electrical signals travel at the speed of light In a cable signals travel slower than the speed of light Typically the speed of an electrical signal in a cable is between 60 and 80 of the speed of light Figure 7 12 shows how the NVP percentage is calculated CTT 300 000 000 m s Speed Pulse Travels in Cable X 100 Speed of Light oy34f eps Figure 7 12 How NVP is Calculated NVP values affect the limits on cabling length for Ethernet systems because Ethernet operation depends on the system s ability to detect collisions in a specified amount of time If a cable s NVP is too low or the cabling is too long signals are delayed and the system cannot detect collisions soon enough to prevent serious problems in the network 7 19 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual NVP and Length Measurements Length measurements depend directly on the NVP value entered for the selected cable type To measure length the test tool first measures the time it takes for a test pulse to travel the length of the cabling The test tool then calculates cabling length by multiplying the travel time by the signal speed in the cable Because the test tool uses the length measurement to determine cable resistance limits the NVP value also affects the accuracy of resistance measurements NVP Calibration The NVP values specified for standard cables are included
126. he table in the Appendix 2 Turn the remote s rotary switch to ON 3 Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 4 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 6 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 7 Press TEST to start the Autotest Saving Test Reports When an Autotest is complete you can save the results by pressing SAVE Use the alphanumeric display to enter a cable identification for the report then press again See Chapter 3 for details To create lists of cable IDs see Setting Up Cable IDs in this chapter You can view and delete saved Autotest reports in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details on uploading reports to a PC DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross connect Transition outlet Wall outlet Horizontal cabling Test equipm
127. help you locate the sources of crosstalk on cabling To determine if cabling meets specifications for crosstalk run the NEXT test Running the HDTDX Analyzer 4 6 Note You can run the HDTDX analyzer with or without a remote If you run the analyzer without a remote the results will be less reliable To run the HDTDX analyzer proceed as follows 1 Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the remote and main units 2 If you are testing with a remote turn on the remote then connect the remote to the far end of the cable link Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link Press to run the HDTDX analyzer SN SP w Running Individual Tests 4 The HDTDX Analyzer If the test tool does not detect a remote the following message appears NO REMOTE DETECTED HDTDX Analyzer Results When the HDTDX analyzer test is complete the HDTDX analyzer results screen appears Table 4 2 describes the items on the analyzer screen Table 4 2 Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Peak The highest magnitude of crosstalk measured on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Crosstalk levels are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation
128. ifying a link s power sum performances helps ensure successful upgrades in the future DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 18 Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delay is the time it takes an electrical signal to travel the length of a wire A wire pair s delay depends on the pair s length twist rate and electrical properties such as the type of insulating material used around the copper conductors Delays typically measure in the hundreds of nano seconds One nano second is one billionth of a second or 0 000000001 second The propagation delays of wire pairs in a link can differ slightly because of differences in the number of twists and in the electrical properties of each pair The delay differences between pairs is called delay skew Delay skew is a critical parameter for high speed networks that use parallel data transmission which involves transmitting data bits simultaneously over multiple wire pairs If the delay skew between the pairs is too great the bits arrives out of synchronization and the data cannot be properly reassembled Systems that use parallel transmission include 1OOBASE T4 100VG AnyLAN and 1000BASE T Gigabit Ethernet Though a cable link may not be intended for parallel transmission testing for delay skew helps ensure that the link will support upgrades to high speed networks Basic Cabling Testing Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP NVP is t
129. in summary form e Edit Report Identification Displays the REPORT IDENTIFICATION screen where you can edit the Custom Header Operator Name or Site Name that appear on printed Autotest reports This function also appears in the SETUP mode See Editing the Report Identification in Chapter 2 for complete instructions To edit the cable identification assigned to a saved report see Viewing Renaming and Deleting Test Reports at the end of this chapter e Edit Print Parameters Lets you change the Autotest report format and configure the serial port When printing is complete the test tool displays the following message Delete All Printed Reports To delete the printed reports from memory press D Yes twice To exit without deleting the printed reports press gt No or ex 5 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 5 6 If the Printer Does Not Respond If the printer does not respond correctly to the test tool the message Serial Port Error appears In this case check the following Verify that the printer is online e Verify that the baud rate and flow control settings are the same for the test tool and the printer e Verify that the printer type in SETUP matches the type of printer connected to the test tool e Verify that the interface cable is securely connected to the printer and the test tool e Verify that the cable or adapter you are using is compatible with your printer Pin assignments for the test
130. in the cable specifications stored in the test tool These values are accurate enough for most length measurements However the actual NVP for one cable type can vary up to 20 between batches because of variations in the manufacturing process Therefore if accurate length measurements are critical to your installation or testing process you should determine the actual NVP value for each spool of cable Determining the NVP value involves measuring a known length of cable and adjusting the test tool s length measurement to match the known length As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value changes accordingly The calibration procedure is explained in NVP Calibration in Chapter 6 High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry HDTDR 7 20 HDTDR is a measurement technique used to determine cabling length and characteristic impedance and to locate faults along the cabling Time Domain Reflectometry is sometimes referred to as cable radar because it involves analyzing signal reflections in the cabling If a signal traveling through cabling encounters an abrupt change in impedance some or all of the signal is reflected back to the source The timing size and polarity of the reflected signals indicate the location and nature of impedance anomalies in the cabling The test tool applies very short 2 ns test pulses to the cabling under test The short pulses help the test tool resolve smaller anomalies resulting in more accurate di
131. information and repair prices To contact Fluke Networks refer to Contacting Fluke Networks in Chapter 1 8 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Table 8 1 Troubleshooting the Test Tool Symptom 1 Display is blank Press o The test tool may have switched to low power mode Connect the ac adapter charger The battery pack may need charging Hold down 9 for 2 seconds then hold down for 5 seconds The display contrast may be too low Hold down 9 for 2 seconds then hold down for 5 seconds The display contrast may be too high Symptom 2 Remote unit is not detected Charge or replace the battery in the remote Verify that the cable is securely connected to the main and remote units Connect the remote with a different cable The cable you are using may be defective Check the connectors on the main and remote units for damage Symptom 3 Test results appear to be incorrect Perform a self test to verify correct operation See Performing a Self Test in Chapter 2 for details Verify that the test standard cable type temperature and power line frequency all in SETUP are correctly set See Chapter 2 for details Perform a self calibration See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for details Perform a NVP calibration See Calibrating the NVP Value in Chapter 6 for details Symptom 4 Internal fault detected Note any error number d
132. ing a Length Wits ccs csieicosessennvensvieesessocesshlecasscnseovenstdneoseeedhesansededsgacesenianty Selecting a Numeric Format eeeeescesecsecseessecssecseecaeeseeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeenaees Setting the Date and Time eee cece csc ener ceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeeseeeeaeenaees Setting the Power Down Timer cee eeeeeeeseessecssecseeceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaees Enabling or Disabling the Audible Tones 00 eee eceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeenaetaeeaes Remote Lights Messages and Audible Tones eee eeceecesecesecseeceeecneeeaeeeeeeeeeees Remote Communication Error 0 eee ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeecesecesecaecsaecaeceesaeesaeeeaeeeeeees Battery Status iis scescscesndsdiedslessceusulecesccteseseubbancpssctenca hse dies sacesacesasbanabansyseccunsyledecosneosdents Battery Status Display saisiccscsteesensdececsscceesretheessedsssonseusedscscesessonsubbandsesevsbnshleseseseeseteess Conditioning the Battery 00 eee eeeeeeceeecesecesecsaecauecaeecaeeeeeseeeseeseeeeeeeenaees 3 AULOTOSE AEAEE E EE EE EE EE E E EEE E E E E E EE Autotest SoKEyS se vies ne e e e a E E EEEE E O REAS Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling eeessesssseeseeresseerrrreresreerrsrenreserrrererssrrrrerenreeresre Link Performance Grade Result Headroom ccccccecsseceessceceesneeecseseeeessseeeeneaaes Worst Margin and Worst Value Results cece ceeeseeeeeeeeceeseeeeeesecesecsaecsaeceeeaeens Atitomatic Diagnostiset einer e E dh sgusl Sued E EEE EEEE
133. ing a cable s wires is damaged allowing the wires to touch each other The result is a near zero impedance connection between the conductors A short also causes signal reflections but in a manner opposite of an open In a shorted cable the signal s energy is not dissipated because the short s impedance is close to zero The signal is reflected back to the source where it appears with the same amplitude but a polarity opposite of the original signal as shown in Figure 7 13 Reflections from Other Anomalies 7 22 Reflections are also caused by impedance anomalies that measure somewhere between infinite and zero impedance These anomalies can be caused by mechanical stress that damages cable wire or insulation without causing a complete open or short They can also be caused by cable mismatches and faulty contacts at connectors or punch down blocks A cable fault that has an impedance higher than the cable s characteristic impedance reflects a signal that has the same polarity as the original signal If the fault is not a complete open the amplitude of the reflected signal will be less than the original signal If the fault s impedance is lower than the cable s characteristic impedance but is not a complete short the reflected signal will have the opposite polarity and less amplitude than the original signal Basic Cabling Testing High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry HDTDR Cable Termination Because signal r
134. ion of the disturbed pair PSFEXT is the combined FEXT received by a cable pair from the other pairs PSNEXT Power sum NEXT The combined NEXT received by a cable pair from the other pairs Resistor An electronic component that resists the flow of electrical current Resistors are used in the terminators that are connected to the ends of coaxial cabling Return Loss RL The loss of signal strength in cabling due to signal reflections A cabling s RL value indicates how well the cabling s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies Reversed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where the pins on a cable pair are reversed between connectors on each end of the cable RJ45 An 8 pin modular connector used with twisted pair cable The RJ45 connector resembles a telephone connector RJ11 ROM Read only memory A device used for permanent storage of data or programs A ROM does not require power to maintain its contents Once a ROM is programmed its contents cannot be altered B 9 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Runt Packet An Ethernet data packet that is shorter than the valid minimum packet length of 64 bytes Runt packets are usually caused by a collision Shielded Screened Twisted Pair SsTP Twisted pair cable in which each pair is wrapped in a metallic sheath and the entire bundle is wrapped by an overall shield Screened Twisted Pair ScTP Twisted pair cabl
135. ional Telecommunications outlet im Permanent link adapter Remote oy84f eps Figure 3 3 Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link 3 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 3 6 Link Performance Grade Result Headroom When an Autotest is complete the display shows the overall result pass or fail and the headroom value Headroom is the smallest difference found between the NEXT measurements and their limits This number serves as a figure of merit that reflects the overall performance of the link Larger headroom values correspond to better cabling performance To pass or fail cabling based on a minimum headroom value enter the minimum value as part of a custom test standard see Chapter 6 On a DSP 4300 test tool you can choose to see NEXT or the worst margin as the headroom value by selecting HEADROOM in SETUP The worst margin is the measurement that came closest to failing or exceeded the limit by the greatest amount Worst Margin and Worst Value Results Worst margin and worst value results are shown for frequency dependent tests such as NEXT RL ELFEXT and ACR Worst margin results are measurements that came closest to the limit or that exceeded the limit by the greatest amount Worst value results are the lowest measurements found which may not necessarily come closest to the limit Worst margin results for attenuation are not required by any test standard and are no
136. ional Information Caution To avoid disrupting network operation and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results Except when monitoring network activity never connect the test tool to an active network Doing so may disrupt network operation Never attempt to insert any connector other than an RJ45 connector into the RJ45 jack Inserting other connectors such as RJ11 telephone connectors can permanently damage the jack Never attempt to send data from a PC to the test tool while running a cable test Doing so might cause erroneous test results Never operate portable transmitting devices during a cable test Doing so might cause erroneous test results When using the channel traffic link interface adapter DSP LIA013 never run tests with cables connected to both the cable jack and the monitor jack Doing so might cause erroneous test results To ensure maximum accuracy of test results perform the self calibration procedure as described in Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 every 30 days To avoid false test results recharge the battery as soon as the low battery message appears If your test tool includes the DSP LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters see Permanent Link Interface Adapters later in this chapter for important handling information 2 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Quick Start This section is for users who want to start using the test tool immediately with minimal instruction Fo
137. ir Cabling ACR REMOTE The ACR REMOTE test is identical to the ACR test except that the ACR values are calculated using NEXT REMOTE values Return Loss RL The RL test measures the difference between a test signal s amplitude and the amplitude of signal reflections returned by the cabling The results of the RL test indicate how well the cable s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies The first RL results screen shows the cable pairs tested the worst case RL margin and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight a pair then press G D View Result Table 3 6 describes the items on the RL results screen For TIA and ISO test standards RL is not evaluated where attenuation at the same frequency is less than 3 dB Table 3 6 Items on the RL Results Screen Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Result The overall result for the RL test A PASS result means that the measured RL is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured RL is higher than specified limit RL The worst margin and worst RL The worst margin is the RL value that is closest to falling below specifications or the value that exceeds specifications by the greatest amount The worst RL is the lowest RL value measured Frequency The frequencies where the worst margin and
138. isplayed Turn the unit off then turn it on again Stored data may be lost If the error occurs again contact a Fluke Networks Service Center for assistance Symptom 5 Test tool does not operate with ac adapter charger connected Verify that the NiMH battery pack is installed The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool if the battery is removed Turn off the test tool then charge the battery for about 30 minutes before resuming operation Replace the NiMH battery pack Symptom 6 Self calibration fails See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for details Symptom 7 Test tool is locked in the power on sequence Turn off the test tool then charge the battery for about 30 minutes before resuming operation Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails 8 Replacement Parts Table 8 2 lists the replacement parts for the test tool and the remote Other parts may be available through a Fluke Networks service center To order replacement parts contact Fluke Networks as described in Chapter 1 Refer to the Fiber Test Adapters users manual for replacement parts for an optional fiber test adapter Table 8 2 Replacement Parts Description Part Number NiMH battery pack 668225 AC adapter charger North America version 106200 AC adapter charger international version 944223 Battery door main unit and remote blue plastic 1992028 DSP 4000 Calibration Module 675611 Multi
139. isted pair Anomaly See Impedance anomaly Asterisk in test results 2 9 on custom configurations 6 5 on selected report 5 5 Attenuation explanation of attenuation 7 8 plot description 3 13 Index results screen items 3 12 test for twisted pair 3 12 Audible tones enablin disabling 2 42 Auto increment 2 37 status Auto sequence saving Autotests 3 29 status 40 Automatic diagnostics display examples Auto Negotiation Autotest coaxial connections 2 17 B 23 descriptions of tests and results 3 25 list of tests 2 28 quick start report samples 3 32 saving results twisted pair 3 2 basic link connections channel connections connections 3 2 descriptions of tests and results 3 8 list of tests 2 27 permanent link connections 2 14 quick start 2 10 Backlight Bail Basic link description7 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual test connections 2 12 3 3 RJ11 telephone 2 3 test standard selection 2 35 Crossed pair wire map display 3 9 Battery Crossed wires wire map display 3 9 charging 2 4 Crossover cable 7 29 lithium 8 3 Custom test configuration 6 4 NiMH removal and replacement 8 2 D when to replace 8 2 Date power down timer Delay kew test TAMS messages 2 44 explanation of test Beeper enabling disabling 2 42 Display C size Cable Duplicate I D basic troubleshooting confi
140. l the impedance test The characteristic impedance test determines the approximate characteristic impedance for the cable A PASS result means that the impedance is within the limit specified by the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the impedance exceeds the limit You can use the HDTDR test to plot the locations and sizes of all impedance anomalies on the cabling 3 25 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the loop resistance of the cabling and the terminator If a terminator is not connected or if the cabling is open the resistance value is reported as OPEN If the cabling or the terminator is shorted the resistance value is reported as near 0 Q Resistance values over 400 Q are reported as OPEN Length Note Because a cable terminator eliminates signal reflections in coaxial cabling the test tool cannot measure the length of terminated coaxial cabling The length test measures the length of the cabling when a terminator is not connected If a terminator is connected the result of the length test is reported as HO REFLECTION A PASS result means that the measured length is within the limit specified by the selected test standard A FATL result means that the measured length exceeds the limit Notes Differences between measured and actual values of cabling length can be caused by variations in the cable s NVP value NVP values can vary among cable types lots and manu
141. layer then by a braided conductive sheath The braided sheath acts as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise Coaxial cables typically have a wide bandwidth Two types of coaxial cable are used with Ethernet networks Thicknet 1OBASES standard and Thinnet LOBASE2 standard Collision The result of two stations simultaneously attempting to transmit data on a shared network transmission medium such as Ethernet Glossary Crossed Pair Crossed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where a pair on one end of the cable is wired to a different pair in the connector on the other end of the cable Crosstalk Unwanted signal transfer between adjacent cable pairs Crosstalk occurs because electrical signals passing through a cable pair create an electromagnetic field that transmits the signal to nearby pairs CSV Data Abbreviation for comma separated variable A list of data separated by commas When CSV data is loaded into a spreadsheet application the application puts each comma separated value into a separate cell dB Abbreviation for decibel A logarithmic unit used for expressing the loss or gain of signal strength Download To transfer data from a computer to a remote device EIA 568A Electronic Industries Association Commercial Building Telecommunications wiring standard See EIA TIA 568 EIA TIA The US Electronic Industries Association and Telecommunications Industries Association
142. le 2 Carrying straps 1 LinkWare CD 1 DSP 4000 Series Manual CD includes complete users manual 1 DSP 4000 Series Getting Started Guide 1 Warranty registration card not shown 1 Soft carrying case not shown If you purchased optional Fiber Test Adapters refer to the Fiber Test Adapter users manual for a list of fiber accessories Introduction Standard Accessories DSP LIAO11 2 with DSP 4000 and DSP 4100 DSP LIA101 2 with DSP 4000PL and DSP 4300 RJ45 to BNC DSP 4000 Series Adapter Manual CD O LinkWare Software CD DSP LIA012 2 with DSP 4000 OEL DSP 4000 Series and DSP 4100 Getting Started Guide 1 with DSP 4300 Nickel Metal Hydride DSP LIA013 2 Battery Pack 1 with DSP 4300 DSP 4100 DSP 4300 Memory Card f USB Memory AC Adapter Charger Y Card Reader oy01f eps Figure 1 1 Standard Accessories 1 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1 6 Using This Manual A Warning Before using the test tool carefully read Safety and Operational Information at the beginning of Chapter 2 Except where noted the information in this manual applies to all DSP 4000 Series test tools If you are familiar with the general features functions and operation of LAN cable testers and want to start testing cables immediately proceed as follows 1 3 Read Quick Start in Chapter 2 to prepare the test tool for operation access the test tool s functions and ru
143. lections are small and are attenuated in the cable Larger impedance discontinuities can interfere with data transmission Such discontinuities are caused by poor electrical contacts improper cable terminations mismatched cable or connector types and by disturbances in the twisting pattern of twisted pair cable You can avoid problems with impedance discontinuities by observing the following precautions during installation e Never mix cables with different characteristic impedances unless you use special impedance matching circuitry e Always terminate coaxial cables with a resistance equal to the cable s characteristic impedance The terminating resistance prevents signal reflections by absorbing the signal s energy e When untwisting cable pairs to install connectors or make connections at punch down blocks make the untwisted sections as short as possible e Do not make sharp bends or kinks in the cable Check the cable manufacturer s specifications for the minimum bend radius e Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties Crosstalk Crosstalk is undesirable signal transmission from one cable pair to another nearby pair Like electrical noise from outside sources crosstalk can cause communication problems in networks Of all the characteristics of LAN cable operation crosstalk has the greatest effect on network performance The test tool makes two crosstalk mea
144. lse noise threshold setting Press gt Choice Use D DEC or G D INE to change the threshold Press to store the threshold setting Running the Impulse Noise Test The impulse noise test is not valid for coaxial cabling because the level of noise on coaxial cabling is negligible To monitor impulse noise refer to Figure 4 6 and proceed as follows Note To extend battery life use the ac adapter charger when monitoring impulse noise for extended periods While monitoring impulse noise the test tool s automatic power down function is disabled Note Monitoring impulse noise without a remote connected may produce unreliable test results Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the remote and main units Turn on the main and remote units Make the connections shown in Figure 4 6 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to MONITOR Use to highlight Impulse Noise then press est 4 23 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual RE Outlet 00000000 n a 00000 0 5 0 6 Patch Panel Test Tool Smart Remote oy24f eps Figure 4 6 Typical Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise 4 24 Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise Noise Test Results As the noise test runs the displayed test results
145. media card reader USB interface DSP MCR U Cable 50 Q BNC coaxial 1 m 3 927876 Cable 9 pin PC interface 944806 Adapter RJ45 to BNC 642402 Lens for main unit DSP 4000 662590 Lens for main unit DSP 4100 1575876 Lens for main unit DSP 4300 1627114 Lens for remote DSP 4000 662608 Lens for remote DSP 4100 1575883 Lens for remote DSP 4300 1627008 Bail blue plastic 1992037 Strap 946769 Soft carrying case 669655 8 5 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 8 6 Table 8 2 Replacement Parts cont Description Part Number Carrying case for multimedia cards 1620592 DSP 4000 Series Getting Started Guide 2093912 DSP 4000 Series Manual CD 1627320 LinkWare software CD LinkWare You may also download this software from the Fluke Networks website Note For a list of the optional link interface adapters currently available refer to the sheet included with your test tool Or visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com Options and Accessories Table 8 3 lists the options and accessories available for the test tool Note For the latest list of accessories visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com Table 8 3 Options and Accessories Description Model Number DSP LIA011S Basic Link Adapters for Cat 5E 2 per set DSP LIA011S DSP LIA012S Channel Adapters for Cat 6 2 per set DSP LIA012S DSP LIA013 Channel Traffic Adapter for Cat 6 DSP LIA013 DSP LIA101 Perman
146. n Reflectometry test helps you locate sources of return loss on cabling by reporting the locations of signal reflections caused by impedance anomalies The test is run from both ends of the cabling if the remote is used for improved visibility of far end anomalies The test locates anomalies caused by problems such as shorts opens poor connections and mismatches in cable types You can view the location and size of the anomalies in a list or plot format The reflection values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate size of the reflections as they appear at the anomalies The HDTDR test uses very short 2 ns test pulses which help the test tool resolve smaller anomalies resulting in more accurate distance to fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots How to Terminate the Cable You can run the HDTDR test on twisted pair cable with or without a remote unit and on coaxial cable with or without a terminator Table 4 3 describes how termination devices affect the results reported for twisted pair and coaxial cable 4 9 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 4 10 Table 4 3 Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results Cable Type and Listed Results Show the Following Plotted Results Show the Termination Following Twisted pair Displays the message No Remote All reflections are shown with no Detected Results show the two remote largest reflections greater tha
147. n an Autotest Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure Refer to the Glossary in the Appendix to find definitions for unfamiliar terms If you have never used a LAN cable tester but want to start testing cables immediately and learn as you work proceed as follows 1 Read Quick Start in Chapter 2 to prepare the test tool for operation access the test tool s functions and run an Autotest Refer to the Glossary in the Appendix to find definitions for unfamiliar terms Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure Refer to Chapter 3 Autotest to find more detailed information about cable tests and test results Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests to learn how to run individual tests and monitor network traffic and impulse noise Read Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing to add to your cable testing and troubleshooting knowledge Introduction Using This Manual If you have never used a LAN cable tester and want to learn about cable testing and troubleshooting before you use the test tool proceed as follows 1 6 Read Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing to learn the basics of LAN cable characteristics testing and interpreting test results Read Chapter 2 Getting Started to learn abo
148. n limits as defined by the selected test standard A crosshair is shown if the limit is defined for only one frequency e ele Decibels of attenuation Figure 3 5 The Attenuation Plot Screen 3 13 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual NEXT Test The NEXT test measures the crosstalk between cable pairs at the near end of the cabling This crosstalk value is expressed as the difference in amplitude in dB between the test signal and the crosstalk signal NEXT is measured from both ends of the cabling over a frequency range defined by the selected test standard The first NEXT screen displays the cable pairs tested the worst case NEXT margin and the test result for each set of pairs To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press D iew Result Table 3 3 describes the items on the NEXT results screen For ISO IEC 11801 2002 and EN50173 2002 standards NEXT is not evaluated where attenuation at the same frequency is less than 4 dB Table 3 3 Items on the NEXT Results Screen 3 14 Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Result The overall result for the NEXT test A PASS result indicates that the NEXT between the cable pairs was higher than the specified NEXT for the selected test standard A FAIL result indicates that the NEXT was lower than specifications HEST The worst margin and worst NEXT The worst margin is the NEXT value th
149. n or equal to 15 The largest reflection probably comes from the end of the cable but is not identified as the end Twisted pair Two largest reflections greater than or All reflections are shown with remote equal to 15 Largest reflection is Coaxial cable identified as the end of the cable Two largest reflections greater than or All reflections are shown The with no equal to 10 The largest reflection largest reflection comes from the terminator comes from the end of the cable but is end of the cable not identified as the end Coaxial No Ref lection reported fora All reflections are shown The plot Cable with good cable On a faulty cable the test will not show a reflection from the terminator reports the two largest reflections but terminated end does not identify end of cable Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test Running the HDTDR Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run the HDTDR test on twisted pair cabling proceed as follows 1 2 3 on nwn fF Disconnect any PCs from the link you are testing Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the main and remote units If you are testing with a remote turn on the remote then connect the remote to the far end of the cable link Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link Use to highlight HOTOR
150. nel includes the transition connectors and equipment patch cables added to a basic link segment The channel should be tested from end to end to verify the performance of all the components In this case you use the equipment patch cables to connect your test tool to the channel as shown in Figure 7 5 TSB 67 defines the channel as a basic link plus one extra transition connector at each end and up to 10 meters of equipment patch cables Because of the extra connectors and patch cables the test limits for a channel are looser than those for the basic link A channel with just one connector at each end resembles a basic link however you would use a channel test standard if you are using the network equipment s patch cables to connect to your test tool Horizontal cabling Horizontal a cross connect End channel vo N Transition connector Network equipment patch cable Network equipment patch cable Channel Test Tool oy69f eps Figure 7 5 Channel Test Connections Basic Cabling Testing Permanent Link Connections Permanent Link Connections Permanent link test connections are similar to basic link connections except that the effects of the test equipment s patch cables are excluded from the test results When compared to the basic link and channel this test configuration provides the most accurate characterization of the permanently installed section of the cabling The permanent link configu
151. nent link or channel STP cabling IBM Type 1 150 Q ANSI TP PMD IEEE 802 3 10BASE5 10BASE2 IEEE 802 3 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000BASE T IEEE 802 5 Ethernet with coaxial cabling Ethernet with twisted pair cabling Token Ring 4 Mb s or 16 Mb s Additional test standards are available Contact Fluke Networks for information Fiber optic test standards are supported when using the optional Fiber Test Adapters See those products manuals for more information Time for Autotest Full 2 way Autotest of Category 5 UTP cable in approximately 10 seconds DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Coaxial Cable 328 ft to 4000 ft 100 m 1219 m 1 ftor 0 1m 1 ft 0 3 m 4 of reading Length Twisted Pair Cable Range 0 ft to 328 ft 328 ft to 2500 ft 0 ft to 328 ft 0 m 100 m 100 m 762 m 0 100 m Resolution 1 ftor0 1m 1 ftor0 1m 1 ftor0 1m Accuracy 1 ft 0 3 m 1 ft 0 3 m 1 ft 0 3 m 2 of reading 4 of reading 2 of reading Note Specifications are relative to calibrated value using a representative reference cable Variations occur because of variations in the cable manufacturing process Propagation Delay Twisted Pair Cable Range 0 ns to 500 ns 500 ns to 3800 ns 0 ns to 500 ns Resolution ins 1 ns ins Accuracy 5 ns 2 of 5 ns 4 of 5 ns 2 of reading reading reading Delay Skew Coaxial Cable 500 ns to 6000 ns ins 5 ns 4 of
152. ng each function are as follows All Autotest Reports Prints all of the reports stored in the test tool s memory Before printing the test tool s report format baud rate printer type and flow control are displayed You can change these settings in the PRINT mode as described in the earlier section Configuring the Serial Port Press to start printing To stop printing and return to the main print screen press ExT Viewing and Printing Saved Reports 5 Printing Test Reports e Selected Autotest Reports Displays the SELECT AUTOTEST REPORTS screen where you can select the reports you want to print as follows 1 Use D Page Up gt Page Down and to highlight a report label 2 Press to select the highlighted report An asterisk appears on the label to show that the report is selected for printing To select several consecutive reports hold down ENTER To remove an asterisk highlight the report label then press ENTER 3 To print the selected reports press D Start Print then press enter To stop printing and return to the main Print menu press xr e All Report Summary Same as All Autotest Reports except that reports are printed in summary form The summaries give the date and time each report was saved the cable identification entered for each report and an overall test result for each report e Selected Report Summary Same as Selected Autotest Reports except that reports are printed
153. ng procedures for LAN cable LAN Cable Construction LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of electrical cables All electrical cables have continuity which means that they serve as a complete path for electrical current flow Each end of a cable has some type of connector for connecting the cable to the appropriate electrical device Cables with multiple wires usually have a pin assignment that describes how the wires are arranged in the connectors 7 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Cables are designed to perform best in specific applications For example power cables are designed to minimize power losses at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz LAN cables are designed to minimize signal distortion at higher frequencies Two types of cables are designed for use with LAN systems twisted pair cable and coaxial cable Twisted Pair Cable Twisted pair cable consists of wire pairs that are twisted together as shown in Figure 7 1 The wires are twisted to minimize crosstalk between the cable pairs Transformer Transformer oy27f eps Figure 7 1 Twisted Pair Cable Construction Each cable pair forms a complete electrical path for signal transmission The currents flowing through the wires in each pair are equal but flow in opposite directions These currents produce electromagnetic fields that could transmit electrical noise to nearby wires However the fields surrounding the two wires have opposit
154. nging the Impulse Noise Threshold 0 0 cee ee eeseeesecseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeneeeesees Running the Impulse Noise Test 0 0 0 eee eeeeeeceeeceseceeceseeceeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseensees Noise Test RESINS versses iseenese eein eea naia a Er EEEE RE Determining Hub Port Capabilities 2 0 0 eee eecesecesecesecneeceecaeecaeeeeeseeeeeeseaeeeeeees Using the Tone Generator ascusccesecesdesccsssesensenscse congcostcss ce detveteeuieoteeasotusensogtsstssdeneieesctexe 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports s sccssccssecesseeeeseeeseseesesseenseeeeeees Viewing Renaming and Deleting Test Reports Printing Test REPOUts i cerime e in eeo nai ae E AE oe A Eaa EE E EAE Eei Configuring the Serial Port 2 0 eee esceeecesscesecesecesecssecseecaeeeseseeeeeeeeeeeeeensees Printer Interlaced Cable ciconia eead aires oireeni aeee siie a eE iii PAUE sss cars secs acesdencdecsaucsencsedacetvacesetectosn tanga vgeceivedescesvesseetagi vos dueauogissi EE STERT If the Printer Does Not Respond 000 0 eeeecceeceseceeceseeseceaecsaeceeceeeseseneeeneeeeees Viewing and Printing Reports from a PC eee eee eceeceeeceseceseceaecaecaeecaecaesaaetaeees 6 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Calibrating the Test TOO ccs cc cs scisccssstescssnsbancsesetebnounsh decsvacessennesvandbans eh EAA ESENE E Calibrating the Permanent Link Adapters NV P Calibrations sictssei cacocest sh tunss2eccvosscostanindestonsasandasselscsssceceedens bandsnectencdadssbedebesesentb
155. ns 8 If the Test Tool Fails Internal Lithium Backup Battery A lithium battery maintains the test tool s memory contents when you remove the NiMH battery pack The memory contents maintained are the stored Autotest reports all SETUP settings self calibration and NVP calibration data custom test configurations and the report identification information The lithium battery lasts about five years if you always keep the main battery installed Removing the main battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the lithium battery When the lithium battery voltage is low have the battery replaced at a Fluke Networks Service Center See the later section Service Center Repair for shipping and warranty information If the Test Tool Fails If the test tool does not operate properly refer to Table 8 1 on the next page for troubleshooting procedures If the self test fails return the unit for service as described in Service Center Repair Service Center Repair If the test tool requires service call an authorized Fluke Networks Service Center for return instructions A test tool covered under warranty will be promptly repaired or replaced at Fluke Network s option and returned to you postage paid at no charge See the registration card for warranty terms If the warranty has lapsed Fluke Networks will repair the test tool for a fixed fee and return it to you postage paid Contact the nearest Service Center for
156. nts in meters or feet To change the unit of measurement proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press D Page Down until you see the length units setting 3 Press gt Choice 4 Uss to highlight the desired unit 5 Press to accept the highlighted unit Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Selecting a Numeric Format The test tool displays decimal fractions with a decimal point separator 0 00 or a comma separator 0 00 To change the numeric format proceed as follows AN Pw YS Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press GD Page Down until you see the numeric format setting Use to highlight the numeric format Press gt Choice Use to highlight the desired format Press to accept the highlighted format Setting the Date and Time The test tool has a clock that records the date and time for saved test results To change the date or time or the format for the date or time proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press GD Page Down until you see the date and time settings Use to highlight the date or time parameter you want to change Press D Choice The display you see next depends on which parameter you are changing If you are changing the date or time use D INC or DEC to increment or decrement the highlighted number Use 0 to move the highlighted area from one number to another number If you are changing the date or
157. nual 2 40 Viewing the Cable ID Configuration and Memory Status To see the cable ID configuration if one is enabled the number of Autotests saved in memory and the available memory press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays On a DSP 4100 or DSP 4300 you can see the memory card status by selecting Nemory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode Model DSP 4300 shows the status of the internal memory if no memory card is present Storing Plot Data with Saved Autotest Results DSP 4100 4300 When STORE PLOT DATA is enabled saved Autotest results include plot data from tests such as the attenuation and NEXT tests HDTDX and HDTDR plots are also saved with the Autotest results Saving the plot data lets you include plots on test reports uploaded to a PC and printed with LinkWare Software The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 can save the results of at least 250 Autotests on a 16 MB memory card when plot data is included More results can be saved if plot data is not included The DSP 4300 can save at least 250 Autotest results with plot data in internal memory when a memory card is absent Enable or disable this setting as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Use gt Page Down and to find and highlight the store plot data setting Press D Choice 4 Use to highlight the desired setting then press ENTER Selecting a Length Unit The test tool displays length measureme
158. ol with DSP LIA013 adapter oy23f eps Figure 4 5 Connections for Monitoring Network Traffic 4 19 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 4 20 AA E 28 2 Notes To extend battery life use the ac adapter charger when monitoring network traffic for extended periods While monitoring network traffic the test tool s automatic power down function is disabled The Monitor jack does not support the Talk mode Attach a traffic link interface adapter such as the DSP LIAO13 to the test tool Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR Use to highlight Lf LBBBASE TaA Traffic Remove any cable connected to the test tool s unused test connector Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as shown in Figure 4 5 Connect to the jack indicated by the arrow at the top of the display Press TEST to start the traffic test Use the D18T Only or D188TX Only softkey to select traffic monitoring at 10 Mb s or 100 Mb s If you don t know which speed to use and the test tool is not already trying to link using Auto Negotiation press until the display reads Auto Negotiation This lets the test tool select the proper speed to match the hub As the traffic test runs the results shown on the test tool s display are updated every second Table 4 5 describes the items on the screen Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity 4 Table 4 5 Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen
159. one Probe 140 A Bug FT120 200X or FT140 400X Optical Fiber Inspection Scope FT120 or FT140 8 7 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Specifications A Warning Under no circumstances is this product intended for direct connection to telephony inputs systems or equipment including ISDN inputs Doing so is a misapplication of this product which could result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user Under no circumstances should the CABLE TEST input be connected to LAN inputs systems or equipment Doing so is a misapplication of this product which could result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user Calculated Measurement Accuracy All Basic Link Permanent Link and Channel Measurement Accuracy specifications are calculated from the individual parameters using formulas defined in draft TIA guidelines These TIA guidelines are currently in draft form and future revisions may cause the calculated accuracies to change This manual uses the TIA guidelines available at the time of printing for calculating Measurement Accuracy Traceable Calibration Period One year Self Calibration Period 8 8 To ensure maximum accuracy of test results perform the self calibration procedure as described in Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 every 30 days Notes All specifications for tests on twisted pair cabling apply to cable wit
160. ools are compatible only with DSP 4100SR and DSP 4300SR remote units respectively The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 remotes are not compatible with DSP 100 DSP 2000 or DSP 4000 test tools Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit Table 4 1 Remote Requirements for Cable Tests Test Autotest Required Remote Unit Wire Map Required NEXT Recommended for NEXT required for NEXT REMOTE NEXT REMOTE ELFEXT Required Test available only in Autotest mode Length Optional Without a remote the limit and pass fail result are not shown Impedance Optional Attenuation Required Resistance RL RL REMOTE Optional Without a remote the resistance of cable pairs is reported as open assuming the cable pair is not shorted Recommended for RL required for RL REMOTE ACR Required Tests available only in Autotest mode ACR REMOTE PSACR PSACR REMOTE PSNEXT Recommended for PSNEXT required for PSNEXT REMOTE PSNEXT REMOTE PSELFEXT Required Test is available only in Autotest mode HDTDR Optional Without a remote the end of the cable is not identified HDTDX Analyzer Recommended Without a remote results from tests on short cables Impulse Noise may be unreliable Recommended Without a remote test results may not represent the level of noise present on a terminated cable Coaxial tests Never used Traffic Monitor Never used DSP 4000 Se
161. operation by turning the rotary switch to a new position D AR I a If the self test fails refer to If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Overvoltage Test The test tool periodically checks for dc voltages on twisted pair cabling under test A dc voltage means that the test tool is connected to an active telephone cable or other power source If voltage is detected the following message appears WARNING EACESSIVE YOLTAGE DETECTED AT INPUT UNPLUG CABLE NOW The remote unit beeps and all LEDs flash continuously Voltage on the cabling can damage the test tool or cause errors in measurements Voltage must be removed before you can run any tests Always turn on the test tool before connecting it to a cable Turning the test tool on activates the tool s input protection circuitry Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Noise Test The test tool periodically checks for excessive electrical noise on the cabling under test Noise sources include nearby electrical equipment and transmitters and live network transmissions on adjacent cables If excessive noise is detected the test tool displays Ho ise Detected and automatically attempts to filter the noise to meet published accuracy specifications If the test tool cannot filter out all the noise and you save the test results the test report will include the message WARNING Excessive noise detected Measurement accuracy may be degraded To stop the test and return to th
162. out shows the NEXT value at the cursor s position The limits for NEXT as defined by the selected test standard A crosshair is shown if the limit is defined for only one frequency The limit line is dashed at frequencies where the attenuation is less than 4 dB Decibels of crosstalk attenuation NEXT between the cable pairs The measured NEXT for the cable pairs ele Figure 3 6 The NEXT Plot Screen DSP 4000 Series Users Manual NEXT REMOTE The NEXT REMOTE test and its results are identical to the NEXT test described above except that the NEXT REMOTE measurements are taken from the remote end of the cabling ELFEXT Test The ELFEXT equal level far end crosstalk test calculates the ratio of FEXT to attenuation for each cable pair To determine ELFEXT the main unit first measures FEXT by generating a signal at the far end of the cabling and measuring the resulting crosstalk at the near end of the cabling ELFEXT is calculated as the difference in dB between the measured FEXT and attenuation values If the ELFEXT test fails you can use the key to locate sources of crosstalk on the cabling Because ELFEXT values from either end of a cable are virtually identical a ELFEXT REMOTE test is not required See Chapter 7 for more information The first ELFEXT screen displays the cable pairs tested the worst case ELFEXT margin and the test result for each set of pairs To see detailed results fo
163. r 3 provides the following information e Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on twisted pair cabling e Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on coaxial cabling e Instructions for saving Autotest results Autotest Softkeys Note New features may be available with software upgrades Visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades The following softkey functions are active on various Autotest screens G Dor gt iew Result CD shows the results of the last Autotest run GD shows detailed test results regarding the highlighted cable pair or pairs gt iew Plot Press to see a frequency response plot of the test results Plot data is available for the NEXT ELFEXT attenuation ACR RL PSNEXT PSELFEXT and PSACR tests gt Next Pair gt Next Pairs Press to see the detailed results or the plot for the next cable pair or pairs tested GD or D Memory Press to see the number of Autotests stored and the number of remaining memory location If a cable ID list function such as auto sequence is enabled the display also shows the cable ID range the total number of IDs and the number of IDs available 3 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 3 2 Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling The procedures for an Autotest on shielded and unshielded twisted pair cabling are the same The test tool tests
164. r suggestions on additional reading that may be helpful to you see Using this Manual in Chapter 1 To get started with the optional Fiber Test Adapters refer to the Fiber Test Adapter users manual Note New features may be available with software upgrades Visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades Powering the Test Tool Before powering the test tool or remote with the NiMH battery pack charge the battery for about 3 hours To charge the battery connect the ac adapter charger to the test tool or remote and to ac line power You can operate the unit on ac power while the battery charges A fully charged battery typically lasts at least 8 hours See Battery Status later in this chapter for information on battery status messages Note The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool when the battery pack is removed Using the Menus The test tool s setup configuration test selections and test results are presented in a menu system Table 2 2 shows the keys used to select items and move between screens in the menu system Table 2 2 Key Functions for the Menu System Key Function TOR GEC Allow up down left and right movement on the display Selects the highlighted item test Starts the highlighted test Exits the current screen O Softkeys select the function displayed on the screen are
165. r the cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press iew Result Table 3 4 describes the items on the ELFEXT results screen Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Table 3 4 Items on the ELFEXT Results Screen Item Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ELFEXT result The pair not listed as the Atten Pair produced the FEXT used in the ELFEXT calculation Atten The pair that produced the attenuation value used in the ELFEXT calculation Pair Result The overall result for the ELFEXT test APASS result means that the calculated ELFEXT is higher than the value specified for the selected test standard AFAIL result means that the calculated ELFEXT is lower than the specified value ELFEAT The worst margin and worst ELFEXT The worst margin is the ELFEXT value dB that is closest to falling below specifications or the value that exceeds specifications by the greatest amount The worst ELFEXT is the lowest ELFEXT value measured Frequency The frequencies where the worst margin and worst ELFEXT values occurred Limit The lowest ELFEXT values acceptable for the frequencies above Hargin The difference between the ELFEXT values and the limits A positive number means that the ELFEXT is higher than the limit A negative number means that the ELFEXT is lower than the limit 3 17 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 3 18 Pressing G D iew Plot produces the ELFEXT plot
166. ration also helps eliminate false FAIL results caused by test equipment patch cables Figure 7 6 illustrates permanent link test connections Start permanent End permanent link Horizontal cabling link Patch panel Fa Test equipment connection Consolidation patch cable point optional Test equipment patch cable Permanent link Smart Test Tool Remote oy87f eps Figure 7 6 Permanent Link Test Connections 7 7 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation Insertion Loss Attenuation is a decrease in signal strength over the length of a cable as shown in Figure 7 7 Signal Signal Source Receiver oy30f eps Figure 7 7 Attenuation of a Signal Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable wire and by leakage of energy through the cable s insulating material This loss of energy is expressed in decibels Lower attenuation values correspond to better cable performance For example when comparing the performance of two cables at a particular frequency a cable with an attenuation of 10 dB performs better than a cable with an attenuation of 20 dB Cable attenuation is determined by the cable s construction length and the frequencies of the signals sent through the cable At higher frequencies the skin effect and the cable s inductance and capacitance cause attenuation to increase 7 8 Basic Cabling Testing
167. rd N New softkey 2 36 NEXT explanation of NEXT minimizing NEXT NEXT Remote test results 3 16 plot description results screen items 3 14 Noise causes of electrical noise 7 9 changing the impulse noise threshold 423 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual monitoring impulse noise 2 33 Noise test Numeric format selecting selecting quick start 2 8 NVP determining cable NVP 6 3 explanation of NVP 0 Open wire map displa 3 9 232 Overvoltage test P Parallel data transmission 7 18 PC interface cable 8 20 Permanent link description test connections 2 14 B 5 Permanent link interface adapter calibration handling guidelines Personality module changing 2 25 handling guidelines number in reports Plot data saving 12 24 13 27 Power line filter frequency selecting selecting quick start 2 8 Power sum values explanation 2 42 Power down timer 2 Printing configuring the serial port 5 3 connections for printing 5 4 error options printer interface cable Problems with the test tool Propagation delay test explanation of test PSELFEXT test PSNEXT test B U Quick confi guration 2 8 R Reflection causes of reflections 7 20 length test result message 3 26 Registration 1 2 Remote calibrating for a new remote 6 1 communication error
168. ries Users Manual 4 4 Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run a test as a Single Test refer to Figure 4 1 and proceed as follows Note For instructions on running the HDTDR test or HDTDX analyzer see the later sections on those topics in this chapter Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units Refer to the table in the Appendix Turn on the remote unit Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord Use to highlight the test you want to run Press to start the highlighted test Note If a remote is required for the test but is not connected the test tool displays the message SCANNING FOR SHART REMOTE and does not run the test until a remote is connected If the calibration message appears refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for complete calibration instructions Running Individual Tests 4 Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross connect l Transition outlet
169. rsion See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Attenuation Insertion Loss The attenuation test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Attenuation in Chapter 3 for details Resistance If a remote is connected the results displayed are identical to the display in Autotest See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message HO REMOTE DETECTED and all pair resistances are reported as OPEN A cable pair with a resistance greater than 400 Q is also reported as OPEN Return Loss RL and RL REMOTE The RL test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Return Loss in Chapter 3 for details Power Sum NEXT and Power Sum NEXT REMOTE The PSNEXT test and results are identical to the Autotest version See PSNEXT in Chapter 3 for details Power Sum ELFEXT The PSELFEXT test and results are identical to the Autotest version described in Chapter 3 4 15 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the coaxial cabling tests available in the Autotest mode The HDTDR test is also available as a Single Test for coaxial cabling The coaxial cable tests available as Single Tests produce results displayed in the same format as displayed in the Autotest mode Running a Single Test on Coaxial Cabling Note For instructions on running th
170. run or displayed For a list of the tests and limits associated with common standards see the document provided on the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com e Headroom Reports the worst case margin for a parameter determined by selected test standard This may be NEXT ACR PSNEXT or another measurement e Wire Map Tests for opens shorts crossed pairs reversed wires and split pairs e NEXT and ELFEXT Tests twisted pair cabling for near end crosstalk NEXT and equal level far end crosstalk ELFEXT e Length Displays the length of twisted pairs in feet or meters e Propagation Delay Measures the times taken for a signal to travel the length of each cable pair e Delay Skew Calculates the differences in propagation delays between the cable pairs e Impedance Measures the impedance of each cable pair If impedance anomalies are detected the test reports the largest anomaly detected on each cable pair 2 27 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation Measures the attenuation of each cable pair DC Resistance Measures the loop resistance of each cable pair ACR Calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk for all combinations of cable pairs RL Return Loss Measures signal loss due to signal reflections in the cabling PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT For each cable pair PSNEXT is calculated as the sum of the NEXT from all other pairs PSELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT For each cable pair PSELFEXT is c
171. ses token passing to control access TSB 67 Technical Service Bulletin 67 TSB 67 defines the requirements for field testing of installed unshielded twisted pair cable links It describes test configurations required tests pass fail criteria accuracy requirements and other test parameters TSB 67 is drafted by a Telecommunications Industry Association TIA task force Twisted Pair A cable pair made of two wires that are twisted together to minimize crosstalk to other cable pairs The twisting minimizes crosstalk because it causes cancellation of the electromagnetic fields generated by each wire in the twisted pair Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP Twisted pair cable that is not shielded UTP cable is more susceptible to crosstalk than shielded twisted pair STP cable XON XOFF Flow Control Transmitter ON transmitter OFF A software method of controlling data flow between two devices The receiving device tells the sending device to start or stop data transmission by sending commands over the data transmission line DSP 4000 Series Users Manual auto sequence edit report identification 2 36 3 dB rule 5 568A and 568B standards 7 3 568A and 568B wiring 7 29 A AC adapter charger 2 4 Accessories optional standard Accuracy range ACR ACR Remote test 3 16 3 21 23 explanation of ACR 7 24 plot description 3 20 results screen items 3 19 test for tw
172. shield continuity if shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the cable type was selected in SETUP To run the Autotest on twisted pair cabling refer to Figures 3 1 through 3 3 and proceed as follows 1 Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units Refer to the table in the appendix Turn on the remote Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode Connect the main unit to the near end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord Press TEST to start the Autotest Notes Pressing test _ when the previous Autotest was not saved causes the test tool to display a warning message In this case you can either save the results of the previous test by pressing or delete the results and start a new Autotest by pressing If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message SCANNING FOR SMART REMOTE and does not run the Autotest until a remote is connected If the calibration message appears refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for complete calibration instructions Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications closet Horizontal cross connect
173. stance to fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots The test is run from both ends of the cabling if the remote is used for improved visibility of far end anomalies Basic Cabling Testing High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry HDTDR Reflections from Opens An open or break in the cabling represents an abrupt increase in the cabling s impedance The impedance of an open is nearly infinite In open cabling a signal s energy is not dissipated by a terminating impedance so the signal bounces back towards the source This reflection appears at the source with the same amplitude and polarity as the original signal as shown in Figure 7 13 By measuring the amount of time taken for the reflected pulse to return the test tool can determine the location of the open in the cabling Cable End of Fault Transmitted Pulse l J T Le Reflected Pulse Transmitted Pulse m l e Short lt 4 Reflected Pulse Transmitted Pulse __ gt l E _ _ _ __ Terminator No Reflected Pulse Matches cable characteristic impedance oy35f eps Figure 7 13 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable 7 21 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Reflections from Shorts A short represents an abrupt decrease in the impedance between two conductors in a cable A short is caused when the insulation surround
174. sterisk appears on displayed uploaded and printed test results m Pass Region Accuracy Range of Test Tool Fail Region oy02f eps Figure 2 3 The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy 2 9 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to determine if the cabling you are testing meets the test standards specified for your LAN installation The following tests apply to twisted pair cabling Headroom report The worst case margin for a parameter determined by the selected standard This may be NEXT ACR PSNEXT or another measurement Wire Map Resistance Length Propagation Delay Delay Skew Impedance NEXT and ELFEXT Near End and Equal Level Far End Crosstalk Attenuation ACR Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio RL Return Loss PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT PSELFEXT Power Sum Equal Level Far End Crosstalk PSACR Power Sum ACR When you start an Autotest the test tool displays a message if the attached link interface adapter does not support the selected test standard To Autotest twisted pair cabling refer to Figures 2 4 through 2 6 and proceed as follows Note If the calibration message appears after you start the Autotest refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for complete calibration instructions Getting Started Quick Start 1 Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units Refer to t
175. substantial distance of the cabling 7 15 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Split Pairs and NEXT 7 16 A split pair occurs when one wire from a cable pair is twisted together with a wire from a different cable pair Split pairs most frequently result from miswires at punchdown blocks and cable connectors Figure 7 11 shows an example of split pair wiring Notice that the pin to pin connections across the cable are correct but the pairs twisted together do not form a complete circuit 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 Incorrect Wiring Split Pair oy33f eps Figure 7 11 Split Pair Wiring Split pairs cause severe crosstalk because the signals in the twisted pairs come from different circuits The high crosstalk levels produced by split pairs cause low NEXT values during cabling tests If the NEXT value is low enough the test tool reports a split pair during the wire map test The tool may also report split pairs if you test untwisted cable such as ribbon cable or untwisted telephone line If the tool reports split pairs when you are testing cabling made of multiple segments you can determine which segment has the split pair by running the HDTDxX analyzer The HDTDX analyzer plot will show a large value of crosstalk starting at a distance that corresponds to the beginning of the segment with the split pair Basic Cabling Testing 7 Power Sum Values Minimizing Crosstalk Crosstalk problems are minimized by twisting together th
176. surements NEXT and ELFEXT DSP 4000 Series Users Manual NEXT The test tool measures NEXT near end crosstalk by applying a test signal to one cable pair and measuring the amplitude of the crosstalk signals received by the other cable pairs The NEXT value expressed in decibels is computed as the difference in amplitude between the test signal and the crosstalk signal measured at the same end of the cabling Higher NEXT values correspond to less crosstalk and better cabling performance All signals transmitted through cabling are affected by attenuation Because of attenuation crosstalk occurring at the far end of the cabling contributes less to NEXT than crosstalk occurring closer to the signal source To verify proper cabling performance NEXT is measured from both ends of the cabling FEXT and ELFEXT 7 12 FEXT far end crosstalk is the difference between the amplitude of a far end test signal applied to one wire pair and the resulting crosstalk at the near end on a different wire pair Like NEXT FEXT is expressed in decibels and higher FEXT values correspond to better cabling performance ELFEXT equal level far end crosstalk is the difference between the FEXT and the attenuation of the disturbed wire pair Like ACR ELFEXT is a type of signal to noise ratio that indicates the transmission quality of a cable link The name Equal Level FEXT refers to the fact that all FEXT signals are attenuated equally Figure 7 9 ill
177. t Link Level III Accuracy a TIA 568 B 2 wo a Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Baseline Level Ill Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 N fi Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 50 100 150 Frequency MHz 200 250 Figure 8 3 Pair to Pair NEXT Measurement Accuracy for a Channel oy89 eps 8 15 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Channel Level III lt Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Permanent Link Level IIl Accuracy Accuracy dB TIA 568 B 2 Baseline Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 50 100 150 Frequency MHz 200 250 Figure 8 4 PSNEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel oy93 eps Accuracy dB 8 16 50 100 150 Frequency MHz 200 Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Level IIl Accuracy a TIA 568 B 2 Channel Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 his Baseline Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 Baseline Typical Accuracy DSP 4x00 250 Figure 8 5 Pair to Pair ELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel oy90 eps Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 8 Accuracy dB 50 100 150
178. t accuracy keep the adapter s cable as straight as possible during testing To avoid latent or immediate damage due to electrostatic discharge e Before handling a module or an adapter with no module attached ground yourself when possible by touching a grounded conductive surface e Always remove the adapter from the DSP test tool before changing the personality module e Always keep a personality module attached to the adapter cable e Always store the personality module in its original static protection bag when not in use TN 4 10 cm 17 minimum bend 360 twist maximum Storage oy85f eps Figure 2 11 Permanent Link Adapter Handling Guidelines 2 24 Getting Started Link Interface Adapter Features Changing the Personality Module DSP 4000PL 4300 You can change the personality module to make the adapter compatible with a certain manufacturer s jack Visit the Fluke Networks website for the most recent list of available personality modules Replace the module as follows refer to Figure 2 12 1 Ground yourself by touching a grounded conductive surface 2 Remove the link interface adapter from the DSP test tool 3 Use your fingers to unscrew the screw on the personality module If necessary you can use a flat blade screwdriver to loosen the screw 4 Remove the module then store it in its original static protection bag 5 Put the new mo
179. t reported Autotest Automatic Diagnostics Automatic Diagnostics If an Autotest fails you can press to see more specific information on the cause of the failure Figure 3 4 shows examples of automatic diagnostics displays for a NEXT failure and an open pin failure The arrow in the diagram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure The bottom half of the display describes the failure and suggests ways to fix the fault When appropriate softkeys let you see the plot or plots relevant to the failure If more than one fault was found you can use the G D Next Fault and GD Prey Fault softkeys to scroll through the diagnostics displays See Chapter 4 for information on the HDTDR and HDTDX plots Pairs 1 2 3 6 NEXT Failure Pin 1 Open Cable may be Bad Check Wiring Check Connector View Next View HDTDX Fault HDTDR Figure 3 4 Examples of Automatic Diagnostics Displays oy09c bmp 3 7 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 3 8 Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling To see detailed results from a test press gt View Result use to highlight the test on the main Autotest menu then press ENTER Note The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cabling depend on the test standard selected Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed For a list of the tests and limits associated with common test standards visit the Fluke Networks website at www
180. test tool put a new memory card in the test tool Remove the memory card from a DSP 4300 test tool to save additional results in internal memory See the next section for details To transfer test reports to a PC use the LinkWare software included with your test tool See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details You can see how many memory spaces are available by pressing the Memory softkey which appears on several Autotest displays Saving Results to Internal Memory DSP 4300 If no memory card is present in a DSP 4300 test tool test results are saved to internal memory Later when you insert a memory card the test tool lets you choose whether or not to copy the saved results from internal memory to the memory card After you copy the results the test tool lets you choose to delete or retain the results in the internal memory Results are always saved on the memory card when one is present When you view test reports in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode reports saved on the card are always shown when a card is present To see the contents of the internal memory remove the memory card Notes To avoid confusion regarding the contents of the internal memory save test results on a removable memory card whenever possible Copying results from the internal memory to a memory card can take up to 30 minutes Verify that the battery has at least 25 charge remaining or connect the ac adapter before
181. tic impedance test is not required by the selected test standard The warning result causes a warning to appear as the test summary result in printed reports The test tool reports an anomaly if 15 or more of the test signal is reflected Press to see where the anomaly was detected The HDTDR test results show both the location and size of the anomaly DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation Insertion Loss The attenuation test measures the loss of signal strength over the length of the cabling The first attenuation results screen shows the cable pairs tested the worst case attenuation margin found and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight a cable pair then press D iew Result Table 3 2 describes the items on the attenuation results screen Table 3 2 Items on the Attenuation Results Screen Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Result The overall result for the test A PASS result means that measured attenuation is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured attenuation is higher than the specified limit Attenuation If the test passed this value is the highest measured attenuation If the test failed this value is the highest measured attenuation that exceeds the test limits Frequency If the test passed this frequency is where the highest measured attenu
182. ties feature that determines the standards supported by a port Setup Allows you to do the following Select a test standard and cable type Edit the report identification that appears on saved Autotests Set up the tester to automatically generate cable IDs On DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test tools you can set the test tool to save attenuation return loss NEXT and FEXT plots as part of Autotest reports when those tests are required by the selected test standard Set the backlight timer to turn off the backlight after a specified period of inactivity Set the power down timer to switch the test tool to a low power mode after a specified period of inactivity Select interface parameters for the serial port Set the date and time Select a format for the date and time Select a unit for length measurements Select a format for displaying decimal fractions Select a language for the display and printed reports 2 29 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 30 Print Select a frequency for the power line noise filter Set the fault threshold for the impulse noise test Enable or disable the test tool s beeper Modify test standards for custom test configurations Select a remote end configuration when a Fiber Test Adapter is attached Allows you to send saved reports or report summaries to a serial printer You can print the results from previously stored Autotests Also lets you edit the report identification information
183. tool s serial port are given in Specifications in Chapter 8 Refer to your printer s manual for specifications for your printer s serial port Viewing and Printing Reports from a PC LinkWare Cable Test Management software lets you upload records to a PC edit and organize them and produce professional quality cable test reports See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details LinkWare software is included with the tester You may also download LinkWare software from the Fluke Networks website Chapter 6 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Chapter 6 provides the following information e Instructions for calibrating the test tool e Instructions for determining a cable s NVP value e Instructions for defining a custom test standard Calibrating the Test Tool Before shipment each test tool is calibrated to work with the remote unit shipped in the same package If you want to use your test tool with a different remote you must perform a self calibration to store the new calibration parameters in the test tool The test tool stores the calibration data in non volatile memory that is maintained by a lithium battery You can calibrate your test tool to work with two different remotes Self calibration is not required when you switch between link interface adapters To ensure maximum accuracy of test results perform the self calibration every 30 days Fluke Networks recommends fa
184. tors photocopiers and microwave ovens You can monitor impulse noise in the test tool s MONITOR mode The test tool counts impulse noise spikes that have an amplitude greater than the selected impulse noise threshold Characteristic Impedance 7 10 Characteristic impedance is the impedance that a cable would have if the cable were infinitely long Impedance is a type of resistance that opposes the flow of alternating current ac A cable s characteristic impedance is a complex property resulting from the combined effects of the cable s inductive capacitive and resistive values These values are determined by physical parameters such as the size of the conductors distance between conductors and the properties of the cable s insulation material Proper network operation depends on a constant characteristic impedance throughout the system s cables and connectors Abrupt changes in characteristic impedance called impedance discontinuities or impedance anomalies cause signals reflections which can distort signals transmitted through LAN cables and cause network faults Basic Cabling Testing 7 Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Characteristic impedance is usually altered slightly by cable connections and terminations Sharp bends or kinks in LAN cable can also alter the cable s characteristic impedance Networks can operate with small discontinuities because the resulting signal ref
185. ulation to protect the user against electric shock o gt D gt Do not connect this terminal to public communications networks such as telephone systems 2 1 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual A Warning To avoid possible fire electric shock personal injury or damage to the test tool e If this product is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the product may be impaired e Use only the ac adapter charger provided with the test tool PN 106200 or 944223 to charge the battery or power the test tool e Never connect the test tool to any telephony inputs systems or equipment including ISDN Doing so is a misapplication of this product which can result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user e Never connect the CABLE TEST input to any LAN inputs systems or equipment Doing so is a misapplication of this product which can result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user e Always turn on the test tool before connecting it to a cable Turning the test tool on activates the tool s input protection circuitry e When servicing the test tool use only specified replacement parts e Do not use the test tool if it operates abnormally Protection may be impaired e Do not use the test tool if it is damaged Inspect the test tool before use 2 2 Getting Started Read First Safety and Operat
186. ustrates this important difference between NEXT and FEXT Crosstalk signals received far from a transmitter contribute little to NEXT because they are attenuated over a long distance But all FEXT signals are attenuated by the same amount so they all contribute equally to crosstalk at the far end Because all FEXT signals travel the same distance they tend to add up in phase This means that the signals always add up to a worst case FEXT value There can be a difference between the NEXT and FEXT of a link particularly in the connecting hardware This difference is due to the nature of the capacitive and inductive currents that cause crosstalk At a signal source the near end these currents can subtract If the currents subtracted at the near end they add up at the far end Thus a connector that attains high NEXT by balancing the two currents may have very poor FEXT performance Basic Cabling Testing FEXT and ELFEXT In cable the inductive crosstalk component is very low Most of the crosstalk is due to the capacitive component Because the difference between the two components is nearly equal to the capacitive component NEXT and FEXT are nearly the same in a cable Because of how FEXT signals add up along a cable link good ELFEXT performance is critical for systems that transmit data over multiple wire pairs Examples of these systems are 1OOBASE T4 100VG AnyLAN and 1000BASE T Gigabit Ethernet Resulting NEXT signal B travels
187. ut the test tool s features and how to prepare the test tool for use Read Chapter 3 Autotest to learn how to run the most commonly used cable test and interpret the test results Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests to learn how to run individual tests and monitor impulse noise Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure Refer to the Glossary in the Appendix to find definitions for unfamiliar terms For information on testing fiber cabling refer to the users manual for your Fiber Test Adapter 1 7 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1 8 Chapter 2 Getting Started Chapter 2 provides the following information Safety and cautions to observe when using the test tool Instructions for getting started quickly with the test tool Detailed information on the test tool s features Detailed instructions on configuring the test tool Read First Safety and Operational Information The international electrical symbols used on the instrument or in this manual are described in Table 2 1 Certification symbols are described in Specifications in Chapter 8 Table 2 1 International Electrical Symbols Warning Risk of electric shock Warning or Caution Risk of damage or destruction to equipment or software See explanations in the manual Equipment is protected by double insulation or reinforced ins
188. way Autotest results Talk feature allows 2 way voice communication between the main and remote units over twisted pair cable or over fiber using a Fiber Test Adapter Model DSP 4000 stores at least 500 text based test reports in nonvolatile memory Model DSP 4100 stores at least 250 grapical test reports on a removable memory card Model DSP 4300 stores at least 250 graphical test reports on a removable memory card or in internal memory Introduction Overview of Features Sends stored test reports to a host computer or directly to a serial printer Includes a stored library of common test standards and cable types for copper and fiber installations Flash EPROM accepts test standard and software upgrades Allows for configuration of custom test standards High Definition Time Domain Crosstalk HDTDX analyzer locates the position of crosstalk problems in a link High Definition Time Domain Reflectrometry HDTDR analyzer locates the position of return loss problems in a link Produces plots of NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR PSACR and RL Shows NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR and PSACR results up to 350 MHz Gives remote results for NEXT PSNEXT ACR and RL DSP LIA013 adapters let you monitor network traffic on 10 100BASE TX Ethernet systems monitors impulse noise on twisted pair cable helps you identify hub port connections and determines which standards are supported b
189. work connection to the test tool s Monitor jack 3 Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR 4 Use to highlight HUB Port Capabilities then press enter Using the Tone Generator If you have an inductive pickup device such as a Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe you can use the test tool s tone generator to identify twisted pair and coaxial cable runs and connections The tone generator produces a signal on the cabling under test You can hear the signal as an audible tone when you place an inductive pickup device near the cabling or one of the cabling s connectors To use the tone generator proceed as follows 1 Attach a twisted pair link interface adapter to the test tool 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 3 Connect the test tool to the cable 4 Use to highlight Tone Generator then press Enter 5 Use an inductive pickup device along the cable run or at far end connectors to determine which cable is connected to the test tool Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Chapter 5 provides the following information Instructions for viewing deleting and renaming test reports saved in the test tool s memory Instructions for sending saved test reports to a serial printer Viewing Renaming and Deleting Test Reports To view test reports delete test reports or rename the cable identification given on a saved report proceed as follows 1 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTI
190. worst RL values occurred Limit The lowest acceptable RL values for the frequencies above Hargin The differences between the RL values and the limits A positive number means that the worst case RL is better than the limit A negative number means that the worst case RL exceeds the limit 3 21 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual Pressing G D iew Plot produces the RL plot screen Figure 3 9 describes an example of the screen RETURN LOSS Pair 1 2 lt _ 1 an 60 40 20 ae SOMHzZ 100 Margin 7 3d0B qo Moves cursor 17 306 at 79 4MHz a F Adjusts scale View Result Next Pair oy13c eps The cable pair relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz of the RL test Use to change the frequency scale elejo The RL level frequency and margin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use amp to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the RL value at the cursor s position The limits for RL as defined by the selected test standard The limit line is dashed at frequencies where the attenuation is less than 3 dB efef Decibels of RL for the cable pair The measure
191. y a hub port connection Standard with DSP 4300 optional with other models Tone generator lets you use an inductive pickup device such as the Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe to identify cables in a LAN installation Optional link interface adapters let you test additional types of LAN cabling 1 3 DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1 4 Standard Accessories A DSP 4000 Series test tool comes with the following accessories which are shown in Figure 1 1 If the test tool is damaged or something is missing contact the place of purchase immediately 1 DSP 4000SR DSP 4100SR or DSP 4300SR remote unit not shown The following link interface adapters With the DSP 4000 and DSP 4100 2 DSP LIAO11 Basic Link Adapters for Cat 5E and 2 DSP LIAO12 Channel Adapters for Cat 6 With the DSP 4000PL 2 DSP LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters for Cat 6 and 2 DSP LIA012 Channel Adapters for Cat 6 With the DSP 4300 2 DSP LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters for Cat 6 1 DSP LIA012 Channel Adapter for Cat 6 and 1 DSP LIA013 Channel Traffic Adapter for Cat 6 2 AC adapter chargers 120 V US only or universal adapter chargers and line cords outside North America 1 Memory card reader DSP 4100 DSP 4300 1 16 MB memory card DSP 4100 DSP 4300 1 Memory card carrying case DSP 4100 DSP 4300 not shown 2 NiMH battery packs installed 2 Headsets 1 DSP 4000 Calibration Module 1 RJ45 to BNC adapter 1 PC serial interface EIA 232C cab

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