The Simulation Game
Contents
1. Send Messages To GamecController 400 Message 320 W 240 Oo 160 20 o S Month When selecting the Messages tab you are able to read messages sent by SAREE ED gamecontrol but also send messages to mn EEEn gamecontrol yourself aF i Fo 60 rrom i 5 Gamecontral Note When a new message is received 40 your Messages tab will start flashing 20 7 6 5 4 3 2 i a 0 o Month 0 User Scores 1000 OW 0 100 o eo 0 a wi 60 0 gt 40 0 5 60 ComfortScore lt iili gt Gereed a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help Que BQ Arwen fern O BB 12 02 07 18 0X ar CRATE E Adres httpiilocalhast Mobility UserScreen aspx 0000 F http localhost Mobility User5creenaspx 0 http localhost Mobility UserScreen aspx 8 a4 naar HES nee 2 Gratis Hotmail 2 koppelingen aanpassen 2 Windows 2 Windows Media 2 BEC Top Gear 2 Blackboard 2 Plesk 6 0 2 SPACE com Space 4ge Technology Map Market New Car Messages bame Stats Manual Game Statistics and Information Session Information Year Day Kms Traveled 1 aL Fan Job Function Annual Distance Consultant 60000 Residence Job location Utrecht Amersfoort DME start amount DME Decay Rate S600 O Initial DME Stock2. 5 Client system requirements ccccc cece eecceeeceeeceeee cece ceseeeeeeeeeeseeeseeseeeseeteeeseeess 35 Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 3 1 Game description The game concept This is a game It may be a serious game but it s still a game The purpose of the game is in competition with others to maximise the benefit of your mobility choices in terms of a combination of comfort and economy The player who achieves the highest combined score on these two axis wins the game Before the game starts you define a travelling profile deciding for which type of travel based on distance weather and luggage conditions you will use which type of transport car public transportation taxi or bike foot Based on this profile the journeys generated by the program will be taxed in the form of DME s Duurzame Mobiliteits Eenheden which are based on the CO2 consumption of the respective travel modality choice Every month you will get a new supply of these DME s but in the course of time this monthly allocation will become smaller and smaller forcing you to become more and more economical with the use of these DME s There are two ways to reduce you DME utilisation e By changing your travelling profile you can use more environmentally friendly modalities Yet choosing the bike for travelling in bad weather with heavy luggage will reduce your DME use but also dramatically reduce your comfort score So clever c
3. Adres http flocalhost Mobility gameconeror aspx Koppelingen Gratis Hobpoer ry Koppelingen aanpassen Contre Scores Users i Session Description Session Control Examplesession Start a new session or stop the current one Current Session ID MA Session Description Current Session ID N A 2 lt Hu gt Gereed a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 6 IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help Pe orige JO Boeken p Favorieten A Se w rel Ab Adres koppelingen 2 Gratis Hotmail koppelingen aanpassen 2 windo First we need to configure the settings for our session in the orange marked box Session Control l Send Messages Start a new session or stop the current one After having set all necessary fields click the To Mo users loggedin M next button at the bottom of Message the box to continue Control Scores Users Session Description Examplesession PSs Close Session current Session ID 601 Unstarted Game Settings Message Inbox DMEs expire once per Yearly DME allocation OU DME Decay rate DME Month DME Start Budget Iiii Euro Start Budget Comfort function Car changing Penalty 5 Frequency Months lo Time o
4. Emergent Sustainable Mobility The Simulation Game The environment as part of every day mobility decision making Game description and user manual Ton van Asseldonk TVA developments Platform Sustainable Mobility February 2007 Version 1 0 Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 2 Contents t Sale 2G SCRIP UO Mi sasseane sane a ance an cradd E stain 3 TMG game CONCEP cessentsceuapecccectietsea ek sect etek eh eee at ies ete eeu 3 GAINO ol gel cle ene eee ee ee EE 4 2 SEF WGI Alhi a ce acagadcoaicaascoaneacasaccaananacaeacasoneaanaiacanccannsaaniabarananakasondeonacsaanabanacaecat 5 Came CONO renerien nna E E Gentine tear teueiectguerieer ae 5 Joining a simulator session as a Player ccceccecceeeceeceeeceeceeceeeceesaeeceeseesaeeeas 11 3 Emergent Sustainable Mobility CONCept cc ccccccceceeeeeeceeeceeeseeeseesseesaess 19 Sustainability and mobility ccc eee cece eee eece cece eeseeeseeeeeeceeeseeeseeseeeseeseeesaeees 19 Emergence aS System COMCEDE Eerens tac enact anes A E diet ee nee 19 DME s transactioning Sustainabllity ccc ccccecceeeseeceeeeeeseeeeeeseeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeaees 21 In vitro testing from idea to really see a a E E 25 Simulator SCOpe cacsoanisacieniiancdenaiaaetcantcattaaniaastnaniea earieamaarinamnertes Mearieamaareanuemeans 26 A JIADOUGATON INSANA ON A 29 SVSLSMEGUINCIME INNS errs iee r e E TA e A Ee SE AT 29 INStallalOM INSIFUGUOMS rapsen een T EEEIEI EE EONI RR 29
5. However there are a few guidelines which might help you to get going e Inthe beginning of the game there tends to be plenty of DME s As a consequence they are cheap and you can boost your comfort score at a relatively low cost e On the overall score screen you can see the performance of all players If they go for comfort they will need DME s in due course Making sure you have them for sale might be a good strategy The other way around if they go for money they will want to sell and you can buy them cheap boosting your comfort score e lf you want to reduce your DME consumption then choose the reduction in a planned way In comfort terms it s less costly to do sunny short trips on a bike than long wet journeys The weight factors in calculating the comfort score can be seen under the tab GameStats in your userscreen e Other players can see your money and comfortscores but they cannot see your stock of DME s So keeping more or less of your excess DME s from the market for a while might put them on the wrong foot and create an advantage position for you at some point in time In any case the game is about balancing your modality decisions and your trading decisions and do so in relation with the other players behaviour You can on the one hand reduce the DME use but in general that will reduce your comfort score as well By doing this cleverly however the money value you generate by selling the excess DME s mig
6. 0 0 Car Changing Frequency Months Penalty 0 0 10 DME Usage per Transporttype Public Transport 0 005 DMEs km Taxi 0 015 DMEs km Walking Bike O DMEs km Comfort Score Formula Weather weight Luggage weight Time weight lt Gereed Initial Euro Balance User Score List User Score Money 1 Useri 5a 10000 2 serz of 10000 The gamestats tab shows session information DME usage per KM for various modalities and the weight factors for the comfortscore formula Moreover the userscore list with DME and money balances is shown as well a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 19 3 Emergent Sustainable Mobility Concept Sustainability and mobility Each of us takes a lot of decisions on mobility Not just once a week but many of us every day or even more times a day Yet for most of us the impact of our mobility choices on the environment is not very prominent in these decision processes While we are generally aware of the macro impact of mobility on the quality of our environment the prominence of this aspect in our routine decision making is low The isolated impact of each decision is low the daily options to make an important contribution are small and the balance between personal convenience and environmental considerations readily tilts towards the convenience aspect Sustainability is largely associated with new fuel and engine technology improved pu
7. SQL Server with administrator permissions 3 Right click on the database folder in the Object Explorer tab and choose the option Attach E Microsott SOL Server Management studio File Edit View Tools Window Community Help El New Query E ff it fia E E robe 7 Object Explorer Summary Connect S4 Fs ai SI Tr MEDTA SERVER SOL Server 9 0 1399 MEDIA SE PE f Databases jase E Q Security Mew Database g Data bases O Server B attach MEDIA SERYER Databases s PABEN Restore Database S E Managem estore Files and Fi E GA Notificatic estore Files and Filegroups TE SGL Seri Refresh C System Databases LI Database Snapshots W Community Server H MobilityProject 4 Click on the add button in the next window and look up the sql server files that you just copied on your harddrive then click the OK button Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 31 5 You should now see database items appear in the window E Attach Databases Selectapage ae i a Script TE Hel 4 General P P Databases to attach MDF File Location Database Name Attach As Owner Shatus Message MobilitvPr MEDI Remove MobiltyProject database details Original File Name File Type Current File Path Message E wwerk TVAsProjecte a i MMobilityProject_log Idt Log E werks TWA Projecte Server MEDIA SERYVER Connection MEDIA SERYER Enc Hy View connection properties Progress 6 After cli
8. an emergent system is a complex dynamic interaction of positive and negative feed back loops and its behaviour is highly non linear And the fact that it is non linear makes it impossible to understand the whole by understanding the parts Simple design errors might cause the system not to work The right priority rule most of Europe has used for roundabouts up till the 1980 s for example doesn t work lt was only when we changed this that roundabouts became the preferred solution in many situations This is unlike the working example that existed in the UK It took us a long time to draw this lesson and change the priority rule If we were not to know roundabouts it is highly unlikely that the users would invent by themselves that a left turn means driving 270 degrees around And motorway Zipping does work in Germany but not in Holland however much energy we put in promotion and communication All of these are examples of failing emergence in an interactive system without a clear relation between cause at the actor level and effect at the system level Emerging order is hence not for free The natural alternative for the order arising from planning and control is chaos and failure Effective emergent systems require careful design of process hierarchy interaction mechanisms and governance aspects One of the most powerful ways for designing emergent system is simulation Is such simulation the real actors in our ca
9. and secure a sufficient level of acceptance at the actor level to be effective in yielding new behaviour Metaphorically the system works as a crossroad with traffic lights while the traffic becomes increasingly complex and the drivers are increasingly unlikely to obey the light signals Using the same metaphor there is an alternative in the form of a roundabout While serving the same function the working mechanism of a roundabout is markedly different from the traffic lignt controlled cross road Not planning and top down control but a clever interaction rule left priority hands the decision making to the users of the roundabout Pursuing well understood self interest clearing the roundabout and a clever geometric design permitting continuous be it slowed down movement produce a much more acceptable solution to the problem with a performance in terms of throughput and adaptation to changing traffic conditions that is far superior to any traffic light solution In the roundabout example one could say that the macro behaviour of the system emerges from the micro decisions taken by the users Such systems are called emergent systems This is in contrast to the cross road example where the macro behaviour is a direct result of the green red signals instructing the drivers This roundabout principle has a general applicability The principle is very well known form biology Flocking birds and ant nest
10. i Weather 1 fo Luggage ol lt m ha 2 Gereed tj Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 7 The content of the orange marked box will then change into the following Player Templates Here you can change the residence and job location for the player template that the users will be using when playing the game Residence location Utrecht Job location Amersfoort Job Function Consultant Kern Year 60000 Local Regional Mational Total S000 j Commute The job function determines the yearly KMs a player will travel when playing the game The distribution pattern of these KMs are shown in the lower part of the box Social 9750 4500 Fo 15000 Recreational 600 Business 6000 Total Daol 20700 13950 After having clicked the Next button again the content will again change into the following me maaa Here you will be able to start pause and resume when paused the game Moreover you will be able to set the game speed at which the game will be played The maximum speed is 500 milliseconds per day less milliseconds Start Gare per day is not allowed Before we can start the game users will need to be logged in and ready to play the game By ready we mean that they have created an account and set their preferred travelling pattern On the following pages we will show some more scree
11. organisation are examples Many societal processes are using this very principle Our market economy itself has many examples but also recent initiatives as Persoonsgebonden Budgetten in the AWBZ care It is increasingly applied in logistical processes in self organizing units within companies etc Although the mechanisms to make it generally work are not yet fully understood there is a growing belief that the application of principles of emergence to complex organisation problems might provide a solution for the problems described above Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 21 The core design elements of such system are e The actor self interest roundabout keep moving e Some directional mechanism directing actor energy in meaningful behaviour at system level roundabout left priority rule e Some form of governance conditioning actor interactions within the bandwidth of the system roundabout liability when violating the priority rule In the following paragraph we will apply these principles to the issue of mobility related emission DME s transactioning sustainability Emergent sustainable mobility requires the active involvement of the mobilists themselves Not choosing a car but turning the ignition key starts pollution so in the end it s the mobilist behaviour that counts Almost all relevant decisions are taken at the mobilist level e The travelling decision Travelling is a way
12. tra Help r FP sosken This list shows the comfort A TE 2 scores money balance and DME balance for each user This chart shows the user scores for all users in session vorige Adres E http localhost igamecontral aspx 2 Blackboard Ple Scores Po Central Session Info Control Session Information User Score Chart User Score List Year KMs Traveled 1 7 56 User Score Money DMEs 1 WUseri 68 10000 O 2 serz oF 10000 User Scores Job Function Annual Distance Consultant 60000 Residence Job location Utrecht Amersfoort DME start amount DME Decay Rate 3600 O Initial DME Stock Initial Euro Balance 0 O 20 60 ComfortScore Car Changing Frequency Months Penalty a 0 10 DME Price Evolution Chart DMEs For Sale Send Messages g DME Price Evolution This box shows all the actual DMEs on sale Sa SS A A A ea Jae This chart shows the price evolution for sold DMEs ZI 2 Gereed a Lokaal intranet MobilitsS4 textual user information NDN Simulator Microsott Internet Explorer Currently the Users tab is activated and so the screen content is changed When selecting a user from this dropdown list the boxes and charts below will show user specific information Control Scores User Scree
13. 0 a TVA davelonments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer ATA N I a A pO Boeken SP Favorieten A B w o 2287 Mobility Simulator 2041 0 UserScreen aspx l E ca naar Amail 2 koppelingen aanpassen windows 2 Windows Media 2 BEC TopGear J esk 6 0 2 SPACE com Space 4ge Technology Here you can adjust your travel pattern Market New Car Messages GameStats Manual Monthly DME Prediction This chart will show information on DME usage and stock levels The upper part of the map will show user information and game status infarmation Honth Money History The upper left part will me Buy or Sell DMEs eo show trip specific data aes i e luggage weather Actual Stock 222 Buy DMEs E j thecht wi For Sale 0 per Price 100 100 ie si o F T 5 4 3 2 distance and modality specifics show information about your on money balance and balance averages tt t hdonmth This part shows the car that is User Scores 100 currently being ao driven 3 60 This chart will Fo 40 show your user 20 score and those of So coe eee eo eS others 60 Here you can buy sell or adjust the price of DMEs ComfortScore a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulato
14. a it secures compliance of the players and sets the base interest rate to steer the health of the system and to keep it within its operating bandwidth If it were to compete with the players the governing role would be terminal Governance game rules boundaries Time constant Players Of Change einfrastructure e car manufrs years Capabilities Technology e energy suppliers e car sales e railway cys oublic transport cy s months P p y e employers e tank stations Days hours meee DME system process layers 7l in its governing role governments may also part wise be suppliers of e g infrastructure e lease cy s fleet owners Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 25 In vitro testing from idea to reality Robert May one of the pioneers in this area wrote already in 1965 Even simple interactive dynamic systems do not necessarily have simple behavioural properties The problem in understanding the system behaviour of emergent systems is that this behaviour is not simply the aggregate of isolated individual behaviour The individual actors influence each other both within a specific process layer as well as between process layers In our DME system mobilists will learn how to use the system to their advantage by looking at others solution suppliers will adopt from and adapt to the initiatives of their competitors mobilists will be influenced by new propositions etc In system design terms
15. antitative terms but also in the form of the ECO label which is currently under development as part of the Sustainable Mobility project Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 28 The simulator sequence is illustrated in the figure below Alaan Randem Geri reer Per unitertire Pie Gnamd kts Fiter kanty Regret Adal Ge e Ta 2eEn Eien E MAILE LE E simulator sequence The tool is essentially a software program running on a Windows 2000 XP platform and interfacing with a central controller through LAN Internet connections The technical structure is shown in the figure below B temet LAN Connecting TES Sate SS tert Technical structure of the simulator Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 29 4 Application Installation System requirements In order to let the mobility simulator work properly the following software be installed on the server e SQL Server 2005 e IIS Server e ASP NET 2 0 v2 0 50727 e Net Framework 2 0 Installation instructions On the CD two directories can be found that are of importance for this installation 1 MobilitySimulator V1 0 2 SQL Files In directory nr 1 the ASP NET files are located in directory nr 2 the SQL Server files are located First lets setup the asp net application 1 Copy the directory MobilitySimulator V1 0 somewhere on the local harddrive of the server 2 On the windows server machine open the
16. application server window and browse to the website folder Then create a new website or open an existing one and select the option new gt virtual directory il File Action Window Help es hla xe eB Sl gt n fl FTP Sites ca Application Pools E Web Sites 8 Default Web Site Stopped VIEW L _vti_bin gd websites L Aegon ages bility C Program Files Common Files Micr Di InetPub TY A Wwebsitee T9 Oo Big ti Explore Fg webs Eig Aege A imag 9 Mobil o HAH testh ed Testi o E A Thes MED _priv BH vti BH vti BHD vti BH vti 4 B vt at Microsoft Web Service ne Component Services Create new Web virtual Direct Open Permissions Browse Start Stop Fause All Tasks View New Window From Here Delete Rename Refresh Export List Properties Help Michiel stMichiell3 esaUrus rivate ti_cnf ti_log Web Site Web Site From File Virtual Directory Virtual Directory From filet Server Extensions 2002 Web Server Extensions 2002 Administrator Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 30 3 Follow the directions of the wizard and when asked refer to the ASP NETasp net directory that you just copied to your local harddrive Next we need to set up the SQL Server database 1 Copy the directory SQL Files somewhere on the local harddrive and rename the directory when necessary 2 Open MS SQL Server Management Studio and login on
17. asingly ineffective in producing the aspired effects There are a number of reasons underlying this shortfall e Whereas in the past our needs and aspirations might have been sufficiently similar to be captured in a limited set of regulations the increasing heterogeneity and individualization in today s society severely complicates regulation and legislation On top of that most regulation cannot any longer be isolated from an international context that limits the freedom of action of any Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 20 particular country The resulting complexity makes it difficult to agree communicate and enforce such regulation e The growing competences and information available at the actor level increases the occurrences of escapes from such regulation reducing the intended benefits and sometimes leading to social injustice and in equality Hence reducing the acceptance of the regulation and complicating enforcement e Due to the above lead times to establish regulation get longer and the regulatory process is unable to keep up with the pace of external change In many cases the result is too little too late All of this applies also to the environmental impact of out mobility behaviour To say it bluntly while we have outsourced the environmental issues to our governments these governments face a growing impossibility to turn these issues timely into regulatory frameworks that recognize societal diversity
18. blic transportation improving motorway flow etc And all or most of these are considered to be outside our individual hands On the other hand governments are wrestling with the macro consequences of this behaviour Kyoto compliance health risks etc increasingly cause the need for policies that effectively reduce the level of emissions gradually towards a sustainable level Many of the available solutions and technology could contribute to this aim but require critical mass to become viable And enforced reduction of mobility volume threats the perspective of economic growth employment and prosperity Seen from a systems point of view none of the actors although good willing and aware of the macro problem seem to be capable of moving towards higher levels of sustainability at a pace that does justice to the recognized sense of urgency of this problem It s like a prisoner s dilemma although each and every one of us recognizes the need our respective behaviour as an actor in the system doesn t do a great deal to achieve this aim Emergence as system concept Above description of system behaviour is not just true for the mobility related issues in our society It represents a general class of problems we are facing in the highly individualized modern societies Whereas we might expect governments to take decisions for the good of us all and implement and enforce these decisions by means of law or regulations this mechanism proves incre
19. can be entered Since we want to create a new player account for ourselves we will use the blue dialog box at UserName the top Password essa Re Enter Password eese Here we will need to think up a username for ourselves and a personal password The password needs to be entered twice in order to If you want to reconnect to an existing session preve nt typing errors then login below f z After having filled in the three textboxes in the top dialog box we can press the Create E button to continue the process Password After having clicked the Create button a new screen should appear which holds the elements as shown in the first figure below Depending on the situation the dropdown box will either show active sessions first figure or a message that no sessions are currently active second figure P When no sessions are active the game controller is e most likely still setting up a new simulation session or No Active Sessions no simulation was planned at that time The session list will refresh automatically so when new sessions become available you will notice this right away When there are sessions available you will be able to select them from the dropdown box and click on the Next button Active Sessions Choose Session Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 12 After having clicked on the Next button the following screen will appear here you can choose a car for the s
20. cking next the database should appear in the object explorer in the folder Databases 7 Next we need to make sure that the ASPNET user has permission to execute stored procedures that are located in the database 8 Browse to the Security folder under the SQL Server instance root folder and right click on the lt ServerName gt ASPNET user next choose properties Here lt ServerName gt will show the computer name of the server on which ASP NET is installed 9 In the left hand list choose User mapping then check the marker box of the mobility database in the right hand window see picture below Next mark all the checboxes in the role membership area as shown in the picture below Finally click the OK button This user is created automatically when the administrator installed ASP NET software on the server you do not have to create one manually Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 E Login Properties MEDIA SERVER ASPNET ee S Script 7 Te Help LAA Server Roles LAA User Mapping Users mapped to this login En a Map Database User Default Schema aa es CommunityServer MEDIA SERVER ASPN dbo Example_MobilityProject master d O O d d O tempdb Database role membership for MobilityProject C db_accessadmin Server C db_backupoperator MEDIA SERVER db_datareader Connection db_datawriter MEDIA SERVER Etic i C db_denydatareader 32 View connection properties C db_d
21. dow will close and we will be returned to the first window 15 Here we can see that the securables list has been filled with stored procedures when we scroll a bit down we will see a number of stored procedures which names start with the prefix usp _ One by one go through these stored procedures and check the boxes in the lower part of the window as shown below T Database User MEDIA SERVERVASPNET Select a page i a F 3 Script Te Help General l i 4 Securables AA Extended Properties User name MEDIA SERYERSASPNET Securables Schema Marne Type usp BuyOMEs Stored procedure usp BuyOME sy ithPrice Stored procedure usp ChangeCary ithPenalty Stored procedure usp_CreateLlser Stored procedure usp DeletedliSessionD ata Stored procedure usp DeleteSessionD ata Stored procedure usp DeleteLlser Stored procedure usp GetDMEBalance ndStockPe Stored procedure usp _GetOMEsForSalelnb andwith Stored procedure Effective Permissions Explicit permissions for dbo usp _BuyOME Permission Grantor With Grant Deny Seep Alter dba MEDILA SERVER Control dbo Connection Execute dbo MEDIA SERYERSE ric Take ownership Ep View connection properties View definition Ready 16 After having set the permission on all stored procedures with the usp prefix click the OK button to save the changes The database should now be configured properly 17 The last step to make is to adjust the connection st
22. enydatawriter C db_owner C db_securityadmin public Connection Progress 10 Now browse to the database in the object explorer and open the folder Security Users You will see that the lt ServerName gt ASPNET user has been added to the user folder of the database 11 Right click on the ASPNET user and select properties i Microsott SOL Server Management Studio File Edit View Tools Window Community Help T Mew Query D A ey mo eb E Ba Object Explorer _ Sumr Connect S 3 F 2 la MEDIG SERVER SOL Server 9 0 1399 MEDIA SE E Databases ig System Databases Ca Database Snapshots T Community Server E MobilityProject Database Diagrams Ca Tables Views Ca Synonyms gu 3 T DHHEHHHE E Programmability Service Broker E3 Storage Security E CI Users UA dbo iA Quest Ea INFORMATION SCHEMA IQ MEDIA SERVER acou A pi SyS New User Roles Script User as sala Delete Asymmetric Keys aes Certificates Bench 32 Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 33 12 Choose the Securables page in the left navigation pane and then click on the Add button in the right part of the window 13 In the next window choose the option All Objects of the types and click OK 14 In the next window mark the checkbox of the Stored procedures item and click the OK button The win
23. ession Choose the sorting order for the car list Choose your preferred car Car choice Sorting Criteria Manufacturer C CM3 CKW C CO2 Emission C EcoPoints Car Selection Citro n C3 1 4HDI gt Citro n C3 1 4HDI Motor capacity cm3 1400 Power Kw Oo This screenpart will show car specific ECO Label Fueltype Diesel gc EEkS information Emission and Ecology MA eS Ernissionlevel uj g A A Pollution points l T a se A m CO2 Emission grams km 109 W N A My Economy category B DW WL 93332 Eco stars Back Next As soon as you have made a decision about which car you want to drive you can click the Next button After which the following screen element will appear Three travel distances 0 7 5 km 7 5 50 km and 50 km Adjust Travel Pattern Two luggage types light luggage and Three weather conditions sun rain and snow In this element the user can adjust his travelling preferences towards various combinations of travelling conditions By clicking on one of the eighteen fields currently showing an image of a car the user can change the modality for that combination of travelling circumstances In the two figures shown on the next page we want to change the preferred travel modality for the situation where the sun is shining we only have light luggage to carry and
24. hoices in your profile will optimize your DME usage versus your travelling comfort You can adjust your profile at any point in time as you like e You can change your car to a less polluting one Dependent on the game settings this however can cost you a penalty If you are using less than the allocated amount of DME s you can trade these DME s with other players If they have been careless they need to buy DME s otherwise they are forced to walk destroying their comfort score and minimizing their chances to win the game Dependent on the behaviour of these other players the price of these DME s on the market can and will vary By trading cleverly you can convert your excess DME s into money By buying cheap and selling expensive you might even make handsome profits on the trading itself In any case your total score is determined by the multiplication of your money score and your comfort score Be aware at the end of the game or at the end of every year dependent on the game settings remaining DME s have no value you need to convert them either in money by selling them of in comfort by using them For a more comprehensive description of the game and the underlying principles of emergent behaviour please refer to section 3 of this manual Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 4 Gaming strategies Successful strategies will be dependent on other players behaviour and hence there is no general rule how to win the game
25. ht well outweigh the cost in comfortscore Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 5 2 User manual In this section we will describe the user interface and give a step by step approach on how to join a simulator session First we will describe how to setup a simulator session as a game controller Game Control When you browse to the domain where the mobility simulator is located the first page you see will contain the fields as shown below If you want to join a new session start by creating a new player account Create new player Liserame The gamecontroller can login by entering the following data in the lower login box UserName admin Password Password mobilitypass Re Enter Password After having filled in the credentials and clicked on the Login button you will be taken to a new screen which is shown below If you want to reconnect to an existing session then login belo Here you can enter a name for the session that you want to create After entering a name the Open Session will be enabled and can be clicked When doing so new sections will become visible on the screen see next page Lserdame aman Password Session Control Start anew session or stop the current one A IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet F 0fer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help Q vorio amp x a A Zoeken avorieten 2 7 es w ha rel 33
26. ication to participants e Behavioural research mobilists e Propositions testing Suppliers Simulator scope Based on above rationale a plan was made to develop such simulation tool With this tool the actors mobilists solution providers and traders essentially play a game in which 3 spaces interact e The modality choice space e The solution space e The DME space Repetitive mobility requests are put forward to mobilists who then according to personal need combined with DME consequences make a choice from the available solutions One or more traders can participate as market makers see figure below Solution providers Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 27 As indicated each mobilist receives continuous mobility requests to which he needs to respond by making a choice from the available modalities These modalities include the car and fuel type he has chosen available public transportation dependent on local availability With the request relevant situational information will be given with respect to weather conditions luggage and purpose of journey This purpose will be linked to his her professional activity A IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help 3 A a amp 3 z A 3s Q vori z 7 x a A A Zoeken P Favorieten 2 X J7 Goa w LJ rel 3s Adres http flocalhost Mobility UserScreen aspx lm Ga naar gt Koppe
27. in the figure below pice B OME price Norm Leeg DME s evaporate ft Trading burying and selling ra oening boch CE costs pnonts DME system concept L The definition could cover any aspect of environmental impact or combinations of such impact For the purpose of this document we will use CO emission as an example 1 This could e g be the space available as per the Kyoto protocol or the mobility related compartment of it BI For a nation wide implementation this equivalent would be the total annual environmental space divided by say the number of adults in the country For the pilot implementation the actual use of environmental space used by each individual could be used as a starting point 4 Providers of these will be this is an aspect of the governance required around the system not be allowed to sell fuel or provide transportation without the DME s being paid Under their licence to operate they will be obliged to return the DME s collected to the governing body in the amount they consumed environmental space to provide this transportation or fuel Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 23 We are already very familiar with such dual pricing mechanisms be they used for different purposes in the form of Air miles Shell stamps Rocks and may other incentive schemes that are around The difference is that the DME system will be used for paying the environmental price ra
28. ity choices and the inertia of established habits Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 22 As a consequence environmental impact is not a regular part of mobility decision making It is relegated to government and employer regulation to take those aspects into account by means of fiscal policy and corporate lease arrangements Just like in our roundabout example transferring the environmental dimension of mobility decisions to the level of the actors mobilists is the key to turn the system into an emergent system By requiring them to take the environmental impact of each and every of the four mentioned mobility decisions into account these aspects become part of everyday life So we start by carving up the environmental space available over the mobilist population Each of them receives an equivalent part of this space expressed in Duurzame Mobiliteits Eenheden DME To secure smooth working of the system it is likely that this allocation will be made available in monthly slices with a 12 month expiration date attached to them Subsequently all mobility will be dually priced the economic price as is currently the case reflects the economic costs of the chosen modality as well as a DME price This DME price is equal to the environmental space used by the actual journey and the chosen modality This DME price would be part of fuel prices of public transportation tickets taxi payments etc This system is illustrated
29. lingen Gratis Hotmail Koppelingen aanpassen Windows Windows Media E BBC Top Gear Blackboard Plesk 6 0 E SPACE com Space Age Technology Market NewCar l _ Manual _ i i had Monthly DME Prediction 0 1 Month Money History Actual Stock For Sale Price 100 100 Adjust Price ComfortScore Lokaal intranet mobilist graphical interface design concept The interface is built to enable fast decision making by presenting all relevant information graphically and only requiring the click of a mouse button to choose from the available options The system will the calculate DME consumption and adjust the balance of his her DME account accordingly see figure above The DME account is fed regularly with the monthly allocation The mobilist can choose at any time to buy sell DME s to other participants and the result will be recorded in the account Solution means suppliers can introduce new propositions from which the mobilists can make a choice Such solutions could be new car types new fuel sources new public transport options etc each with their specific characteristic in DME requirements At the end of the lease period or other moments as specified by the lease proposition the mobilist can order a new car The system will offer a wide range of cars and give relevant user information for the choice This information will include DME performance in qu
30. ns wn o User Information User DME Prediction Chart This chart shows the monthly DME usage and predictions for the chosen user This chart shows a historical overview of the money balance of the user m ha a Lokaal intranet YAsername Userd Monthly OME Prediction Car Choice Citro n C1 1 4HDI 5 doors DME Balance Euro Balance 250 10000 DMEs For Sale DME Price 100 User Travel Pattern User Money History Chart Money History This is the travelpattern as set up by the user himself When the user changes his pattern it will be shown here as well E Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 11 Joining a simulator session as a Player In the simulator there are two possibilities to login First there is the situation where you want to join a new session and you need to create a new player account for yourself Second there is the situation where you were already connected to a session but due to circumstances you lost connection and need to reconnect to the same session as before We will first explore the steps that need to be taken when joining a new session When browsing in Internet Explorer to the main page of the mobility simulator you should see the following screen na On the screen you see two blue dialog boxes If you want to join a new session start by f creating a new player account in which user information
31. ns that will explain the rest of the game control interface Control the gameflow Game Speed ms day Save Speed Save Speed We use tabulators as part of our navigation We are currently in the Control tab The other tabs are only needed once the game has begun hobiity frading eten Extra Help Session Control Start a new session or stop the current one Session Description Examplesession en Session Close Session Current Session ID 601 Unstarted Game Control Control the gameflow Pause Game Resume Game Start Game Game Speed ms day Save Speed nal 2 Gereed These lines show the users that are logged in The Is Ready status indicates if they are ready with setting up their profile and ne Llserd Lser2 Users in session Send Messages Is Ready To True False Choose User Message In this box the game controller is able to send messages to individual Message Inbox users or all users at once From Jser1 Hello Gamecontroll This box will show all the messages that the users have send to the game controller a Lokaal intranet O x F Mobili This box shows various information about the session in progress 12 02 07 9 Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Currently the Scores tab is activated and so the screen content is changed ji O x
32. nthly OME Prediction 75 KM 74 40 KN 50 EM When selecting the New car tab you will be able to select a new car and Change your current car Sorting Criteria Manufacturer exchange it with your old car O CM3 1 E 1 z 5 4 OW Note that when changing more often isan O coz Emission than allowed by gamecontrol you ll be EcoPoints charged a penalty 10 of book value Money History Car Selection 60 Actual Stock 5 Ji AE For Sale z oa Citro n C3 1 4HDI Price U 0 m 1 Motor capacity cm3 1400 E 6 5 4 3 2 m Power Kw 0 i 0 Month Fueltype Diesel Price E 18350 i 0 E Changing penalty E 1835 T aa Emission and Ecology 20 Emissionlevel T cee i 2 40 Pollution points 0 E ECO Label 20 CO2 Emission gramsfkm 109 P 0 5 i ae ia j ke z toa ComfortScore Economy category B Eco stars Change i x l lt m ba 2 Gereed a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 17 IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer me la Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help ae 2u Wes Adres koppelingen 2 Gratis Hotmail 2 koppelingen aanpassen 2 Windows 2 windows Media 2 BEC Top Gear 2 Blackboard 2 Plesk 6 0 2 SPACE com Space 4ge Technology Map O Market NewCar Messages Game Stats Manual
33. of establishing societal connectivity Mobilists themselves decide between physical displacement and other ways of connecting to others e g through telecommunications Sometimes e g delivering goods there is no substitute sometimes e g working from home using telecommunications there is e The modality decision When travelling the choice between the various modalities car public transportation bake walk etc is very much in the hand of the individual mobilist Not just in private travel but also in business travel e The timing decision With current heavy traffic conditions the timing of the travel has important impact on the environmental impact of the chosen modality e The car decision Even with company cars the mobilist generally has a wide range of choices not just in brands and types but also with respect to fuel source and environmental impact quality Although in business related travel company policies might provide some restrictions to above decisions it is in general very much left to the individual to weigh the different aspects and make the decisions Yet especially in business travel most of the consequences of these decisions measured in time money or otherwise are absorbed by the employing company Both in business and in private travel the financial and the time impact seem to bear little weight in the mobilist decision making process Part of the problem is the limited marginal effects of every day mobil
34. r Manual 12 02 07 15 A IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help Vorige E w L Zoeken Favorieten 2 i td Adres koppelingen 2 Gratis Hotmail 2 koppelingen aanpassen 2 Windows 2 windows Media 2 BEC Top Gear 2 Blackboard 2 Plesk 6 0 2 SPACE com Space 4ge Technology z Map Sees New Car Messages DME Price Evolution When selecting the market tab a chart will be shown with DME transaction information I e price maximums minimums and averages lt 2 Gereed Game Stats Manual Actual Stock 222 For Sale Price 100 7 e 10 mm S ma SA a BA man G ma S s SG oas B man A s GA ms GA mn Money Score 100 20 60 40 20 Monthly DME Prediction Money History User Scores 60 ComfortScore a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 16 IVA developments 7007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer LI Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help Au Q vorige a x 2 C pO Boeken SIP Favorieten Ge O ga F rel aA ual d Gratis Hotmail 2 Koppelingen aanpassen windows windows Media 2 BBC Top Gear Blackboard 2 Plesk 6 0 2 SPACE com Space 4ge Technology lt Map Market New Car Messages Game Stats Manual Current Car Adjust Travel Pattern Citro n C3 1 4HDI Mo
35. rall use of DME s declines with the availability at system level The DME trading price hence reflects the system state in terms of matching reality and goal and will increase incentives when these are out of balance Yet the choice remains to be individual and each and every individual mobilist can aim for his her own balance in mobility choices between convenience and environment By clever decision making in each and every mobility decision considerable benefits can be achieved In this sense it is not a system of restriction and punishment but a system of opportunity and reward As a consequence the well understood self interests of the mobilists will pressurize the suppliers of mobility solutions to deliver better propositions in terms of utility versus DME price better lease propositions environmentally better cars and fuels better public transport propositions etc These suppliers can be considered as a second process layer above the layer of mobilists and providing the solution space available to these mobilists Not as currently forced by regulation but by the mass of mobilists looking for advantageous mobility solutions responding becomes an existential need Every mobilist therefore has the freedom to create new and innovative solutions to improve their competitive position DI This is markedly different from other pricing initiatives as road pricing l Unlike some popular believes emergent system
36. ring of the database in the web config file of the ASP NET application Open the web config file located in the ASP NET directory in Notepad and look for the lt ConnectionStrings gt tag Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 34 18 Replace the Located behind the datasource variable and change it to lt ServerName gt lt SQLServerlnstance gt Here lt ServerName gt should be replaced by the actual computername of the server and lt SQLServerlInstance gt to the SQL Server instance name 19 The Mobility Simulator should now be ready for use on the website as chosen during the setup When surfing to the website in Internet Explorer you should be seeing the following A IVA developments 2007 Mobility Trading simulator Microsoft Internet Explorer Bestand Bewerken Beeld Favorieten Extra Help ae vori T gt x a A P zoeken SIP Favorieten E A a rel Py Adres http ilocalhost Mobilty EJ ca naar Koppelingen 2 Gratis Hotmail 2 Koppelingen aanpassen windows 2 windows Media By BBC Top Gear 2 Blackboard a Welcome to the startpage of the Mobility Simulator From here you can create a new player account and join a new session or reconnect to an existing session The manual for the Mobility Simulator can be downloaded here If you want to join anew session start by creating a new player account Create new player UserName Password Re Enter Password If you want to reconnect
37. s require hierarchy Yet it is not a command and control hierarchy but a hierarchy of process layers stacked in a very precise way Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 24 Even a third layer of system actors can be identified the car manufactures energy suppliers transportation technology suppliers infrastructure suppliers etc They provide the tools for the mobility solutions suppliers in the second process layer and will in turn be pressured by their client to come up with better propositions In this way the energy released at the mobilist level will work itself upwards through the system to change the behaviour of all actors and orient their energy towards better solutions and propositions in a natural way Complying becomes a matter of survival in the markets in which they operate It reflects the fact that emergent systems are more about organising energy than about organizing specific solutions These solutions emerge in the solution space of the system This system of process layers is illustrated below Where does the government fit In emergent systems the government is not a system agent In the same way as an arbiter in a sports game is not a player the governing body of an emergent system is not an actor It doesn t prescribe the actor behaviour but guards the rules of the game and sets some overall system parameters It is e g similar to the role of the national banks in the financial aren
38. se mobilists and solution providers interact with each other in a virtual space in which the DME system is built They are requested to take the decisions at the mobilist level the four decisions mentioned earlier at the solution provider level the introduction of new propositions at accelerated speeds plays a week month in a minute This accelerated speed enables fast analysis of longer term system behaviour but also forces the players into rapid decision making reflecting their natural behaviour By looking to what they do rather than what they say they will do it provides a much more reliable base for system design than other design methods By experimenting with the system design parameters and mechanisms the system can be optimized prior to real life introduction and solutions providers can make a first pass at new propositions that might differentiate them in their competitive Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 26 position It accelerates organisational learning and dramatically reduces the chance of failure of the system Participating in the simulation also helps to understand the DME system and learn to use it cleverly to own advantage In summary a simulation for the DME system will provide the tool for e Proof of concept for the DME e Testing and tuning design and mechanisms o Accelerated what if testing of system aspects o Complex dynamics and Stability o Governance principles e Commun
39. ther than receiving benefits for client loyalty It is important to note that the existence of this DME payment as a separate dimension is key to the working of the emergent system If we were to embed the DME price in the economic price the awareness of the environment as a recognizable dimension in mobility decisions would vanish The recognition of this psychological effect in the mentioned incentive schemes is part of the secret of their success In addition as especially in business travel all the financial costs are born by the employer the personal meaning of the mobility decisions would be taken away The DME payment system hence creates a separate individualized space for decision making at the mobilist level detached from the financial consequences of the mobility decision In this way the environment becomes part of each and every mobility decision Obviously by making these choices the individual mobilist will experience shortage or abundance of DME s Under conditions of overall shrinking space steered by the governing body there will be continuous shortage at the system level but at the level of the individual mobilists conscious mobilist will end up with unused DME s while careless mobilists might experience severe shortage By making these unbalances in DME s tradable clever users create advantages that can be exchanged for money With a high price when the overall shortage is severe and a low price when the ove
40. to an existing session then login below Lserllame Password a Lokaal intranet Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 5 Client system requirements In order for the mobility simulator to perform correctly the following system requirements should be met Internet Explorer version 6 installed Adobe Flash Player version 9 installed Access to the internet through a broadband internet connection e A minimal screen resolution of 1024x768 pixels
41. when travelling less than 7 5 KMs When we click on the car image in the upper left corner for the specified scenario a new window appears right beneath the car image in which we can select our preferred modality When we click on the image of the walking person the image in the upper left corner will change into the image of a walking person In this way we can specify travelling modalities for specific scenarios Mobility Simulator Manual 12 02 07 13 Adjust Travel Pattern z Adjust Travel Pattern z7 5EM 75 60 KM We can also specify travelling modalities for more than one scenario at once for example for a specific weather type a specific luggage type or a specific range of kms We can do that by clicking on the weather images luggage images or km range texts In the figures below we change the modality for all situations where it is snowy in this case we have chosen the train public transport Adjust Travel Pattern Adjust Travel Pattern When you feel that your modality pattern fulfils your needs you can click on the Next button underneath the pattern table You will then enter the main screen where all the game play will take place The Figures on the next pages will show the various gameplay and informational elements that are used during the game Mobil a We use six tabs for our eld Eavorieten Extra Help ae navigation when clicking one the screen will change its content yellow marked box NI _
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