The EC-5
Contents
1. EC 5 varies from its EC 10 and EC 20 cousins Although the principles of measurement are the same its two prong design and higher measurement frequency allows the EC 5 to measure VWC from 0 to 100 VWC of saturated soils is generally 40 60 depending on the soil type and allows accurate measurement of all soils and soilless medias and a much wider range of salinities EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 Sensor Features Circuitry Sensor o Fig 1 EC20 diagram Fig 2 EC 5 diagram Wiring Diagrams 3 5mm Plug Wiring The EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 come with a 3 5mm ste reo plug connector This allows for rapid connection directly to Decagon s Em50 and Em5 logger and the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 ECH5O Check Below is a diagram showing the wiring configuration for this connector Analog out UE IT Ground Excitation Fig 2 3 5mm Stereo Plug wiring configuration Wiring to Non Decagon Dataloggers Models with stripped and tinned leads are pre config ured for connecting to non Decagon dataloggers Sim ply wire the lead into the datalogger as described in Connecting to a Datalogger in Chapter 4 If your model uses the standard 3 5mm plug you have two choices when attaching the sensor to non Decagon dataloggers First you can clip off the plug on the sen sor cable strip and tin the wires and w2. cables 7 21 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Index Installation 8 procedure 8 tips 8 M Measurement range 2 Mineral soil calibration 17 Oo Orientation of sensor 10 P Plug wiring configuration 5 Potting soil 17 Power requirements 1 Program 12 Range 2 Removing the sensor 10 Rockwool 18 S Seller s liability 3 Sensor calibration 15 installation instructions 8 22 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Index orientation 10 specifications 1 Sensor orientation 10 Short Cut directions 14 Specifications 1 T Troubleshooting 19 w Warranty 3 Wiring diagram 5 23
3. output of the sensor and where x is the RAW sen sor output EC 20 2500mV 0 m m 0 000695mV 0 29 RAW 0 m m 20 000424 x 0 29 EC 10 2500mV 0 m m 0 000936mV 0 376 RAW 0 m m 0 000571 x 0 376 EC 5 The EC 5 is much less sensitive to variation in texture and electrical conductivity because it runs at a much higher measurement frequency Therefore its general calibration equation should apply for all mineral soils up 16 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data to 8 dS m Its calibration equations are shown below for mineral soil potting soil and rockwool growing media Mineral Soils According to our tests a single calibration equation will generally suffice for all mineral soil types with electrical conductivities from 0 1 dS m to 10 dS m Volumetric water content is given by 28 10 Raw 0 48 1 where Raw is the output from the Decagon datalogger using 3V excitation If you are using a non Decagon datalogger VWC is given by 11 9 104 mV 0 401 2 where mV is the output of the sensor when excited at 2500 mV Please note that the equation will reach a maximum at 60 volumetric water content VWC in pure water To display data on a scale from 0 to 100 VWC should be modeled with a quadratic equation which would result in a 100 VWC in water but a linear equation fits the mineral soil VWC range as well as the quadratic and linear equatio
4. shall not be liable to Buyer for loss damage or injuries to persons including death or to property or things of whatsoever kind including but not without limitation loss of anticipated profits occa sioned by or arising out of the installation operation use misuse nonuse repair or replacement of said material and equipment or out of the use of any method or process for which the same may be employed The use of this equipment constitutes Buyer s acceptance of the terms set forth in this warranty There are no under standings representations or warranties of any kind express implied statutory or otherwise including but without limitation the implied warranties of merchant ability and fitness for a particular purpose not expressly set forth herein EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 The EC 10 and EC 20 The EC 10 and EC 20 measure the dielectric constant of the soil in order to find its volumetric water content Since the dielectric constant of water is much higher than that of air or soil minerals the dielectric constant of the soil is a sensitive measure of water content The EC 10 and EC 20 have a very low power requirement and high resolution This gives you the ability to make as many measurements as you want even hourly over a long period of time like a growing season for exam ple with minimal battery usage The EC 5 The
5. A UMS measure to know Operator s Manual jej 105ues eanistow OH 23 weed 32 A3U woouobeoepwew MOHN IIT u 682 gt 60 4 EC 5 EC 10 20 Water Content Sensor UMS GmbH M nchen Art Nr 10HS Version 09 Author Decagon A UMS measure to know 2009 Decagon Devices Inc All rights reserved Decagon Devices Inc 2365 NE Hopkins Court Pullman WA 99163 www decagon com Vertreten in Deutschland durch UMS GmbH Gmunderstr 37 D 81379 Munchen Tel 49 0 89 12 66 52 0 Fax 49 0 89 12 66 52 20 ums ums muc de www ums muc de Ansprechpartner Thomas Keller Durchwahl 19 tk ums muc de EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Table of Contents Contents 1 Introduction 1 Welcome 65 coe ek rado rane t hme Ras 1 Specifications zn 1 Contact Information 2 Warranty Information 3 Seller s Liability eese 3 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 4 The EC 10 and EC 20 4 Th BER vues dert ke 4 Sensor Features eee 5 Wiring Diagrams eese 5 3 5mm Plug Wiring 5 Wiring to Non Decagon Dataloggers 6 Extended cablelengths 7 3 Installing the Sensors 8 Procedure eee nnn 8 Orientation ann 0 00000 e ee eee 10 Removing the Sensor 10 4 Collecting Data 11 Data
6. ensions EC 20 25 4cm x 3 17cm x 15cm EC 10 14 5cm x 3 17cm x 15cm EC 5 8 9cm x 1 8cm x 0 7cm Cable length 5m standard custom lengths or extension cables are available Connector types 3 5 mm plug or stripped and tinned lead wires Datalogger Compatibility not exclusive Decagon Em5b Em50 and radio enabled versions Campbell Scientific CRIOX 21X 23X CR1000 CR3000 etc Contact Information To contact Decagon for questions or customer support E mail us at support decagon com sales decagon com Fax us at 1 509 332 5158 Call us at 1 800 755 2751 in US and Canada only or 1 509 332 2756 International EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 1 Introduction Warranty Information The EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 have a 30 day satisfaction guarantee and a one year warranty Seller s Liability Seller warrants new equipment of its own manufacture against defective workmanship and materials for a period of one year from date of receipt of equipment the results of ordinary wear and tear neglect misuse accident and excessive deterioration due to corrosion from any cause are not to be considered a defect but Seller s liability for defective parts shall in no event exceed the furnishing of replacement parts F O B the factory where originally manufactured Material and equipment covered hereby which is not manufactured by Seller shall be covered only by the warranty of its manufacturer Seller
7. er are both correct and secure Ensure that your datalogger s batteries are not dead or weakened If you encounter problems that aren t due to the datalog ger please contact Decagon at 509 332 2756 and at support decagon com 19 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Declaration of Conformity Declaration of Conformity PE a Application of Council Directive 89 336 EE6 Standards to which conformityEN61326 1998 is declared EN51022 1998 Manufacturer s Name Decagon Devices Inc 2365 NE Hopkins Court Pullman WA 99163 USA Type of Equipment ECH 0 soil moisture sensor Model Number EC 10 EC 20 EC 5 Year of First Manufacture 2001 This is to certify that the EC 10 EC 20 and EC 5 ECH 0 soil moisture sensor manufactured by Decagon Devices Inc a corporation based in Pullman Washing ton USA meets or exceeds the standards for CE compli ance as per the Council Directives noted above All instruments are built at the factory at Decagon and perti nent testing documentation is freely available for verifi cation 20 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Index Index A Accuracy 1 C Calibration for EC 10 16 for EC 20 16 for EC 5 16 for mineral soil 17 for potting soil 17 for rockwool 18 Contact information 2 D Datalogger 2 connecting to 12 requirements 11 sample program 12 Declaration of conformity 20 E EC 10 4 EC 20 4 EC 54 calibration 16 E mail address 2 Extension
8. ire it directly into the datalogger This has the advantage of creating a direct connection with no chance of the sensor becom ing un plugged however it then cannot be used in the future with a Decagon Em50 or Em5 logger The other choice is to obtain an adapter cable from Decagon The 3 wire sensor adapter cable has a connector for the sen sor jack on one end and three wires on the other end for connection to a datalogger this type of wire is often referred to as a pigtail adapter Both the sensor wire and adapter cable wire have the same wire output EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 2 About the EC 20 EC 10 EC 5 shown in Fig 3 the white wire is excitation red is output and the bare wire is ground Analog out Red Ground Bare Excitation White Fig 3 3 wire cable wiring configuration Extended cable lengths Decagon supplies 50 foot 15 25m and 10 foot 3m extension cables for use with the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 with the 3 5 mm connector You can safely connect up to 4 of the 50 foot cables without signal attenuation For most applications you will want to seal the connec tions from the elements to maintain a good connection and to prevent corrosion It is imperative that these connections are checked before the sensor is buried Please see the Decagon web site www decagon com for an application note detailing some preferred meth ods for waterproofing these connections Howe
9. le and DataTrac automatically apply factory calibrations to the sensors output data However this general calibration may not be applicable for all sensors and all soil types While the factory calibrations for the EC 5 is appropri ate for almost all soil types the standard calibrations for the EC 20 and EC 10 sensors do not perform in soils with high sand or salt content Therefore for added accuracy we encourage our customers to perform soil specific calibrations The calibration equation that you will use depends on where you will be using it If you will be using it with 15 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data sensors connected to a non Decagon datalogger you will need to use the 2500 mV calibration If you use any Decagon software DataTrac ECH O Utility etc or the user calibration menu in the ECH5O Check you will need to use the RAW calibration The difference between the two is the slope constant To increase the resolution of the sensor output Decagon uses all avail able increments of the 12 bit number value of 4096 where the measurement is stored Thus the output of the sensors read by the ECH O Check and Decagon loggers must be multiplied by 0 61 AND the 2500 mV slope to give the right value Sensor Calibration Values Following is a list of the both the millivolt and RAW calibration values for the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 where 0 is the volumetric water content mV is the milli volt
10. logger Requirements 11 Connecting to a Datalogger 12 Sample Program i225 24352 223 340 12 SCWin Short Cut Directions 14 Calibration 270 zem urhe 15 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual Table of Contents Sensor Calibration Values 16 Troubleshooting 19 Declaration of Conformity 20 Index ci were axe era 21 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 1 Introduction 1 Introduction u o S E Welcome Welcome to the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 sensors for measuring soil water content These innovative sensors will enable you to monitor soil moisture accurately and affordably Specifications Measurement Time 10ms milliseconds Accuracy EC 10 and EC 20 04 m m 4 lt 0 5 dS m With soil specific calibration 02 m m 2 EC 5 at least 0 03 m m all soils up to 8 dS m With soil specific calibration 4 02 m m 42 Resolution EC 10 and EC 20 0 002m m EC 5 0 001 m m VWC in mineral soils 0 25 in growing media Power Requirements EC 10 amp EC 20 2 5VDC 2mA to 5VDC 7mA EC 5 2 5VDC 3 6VDC 10mA Output 10 4096 of excitation voltage 250 1000mV at 2500mV excitation EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 1 Introduction Operating Environment EC 10 and EC 20 0 to 50 C EC 5 40 to 60 C Range of Measurement EC 10 and EC 20 0 to 40 VWC EC 5 0 to saturation Sensor dim
11. ns are easier to deal with especially since mineral soil typically saturates at 40 50 VWC Potting soil The following equations can be used to convert EC 5 output to water content in potting soil We tested several types of potting soil Sunshine mix Miracle Grow Pot 17 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data ting Mix and Custom Nursery soil at several salinities and found that VWC is given by 7 2 10 Raw 0 393 3 for a Decagon datalogger or 10 3 104 mV 0 334 4 for a datalogger with 2500mV excitation Rockwool The EC 5 was calibrated in Grodan Master rockwool with solution electrical conductivities of 0 2 1 0 1 5 2 0 and 4 5 dS m Volumetric water content can be cal culated using 6 28 107 Raw 1 37 x 10 Raw 0 183 5 for a Decagon datalogger or 2 63 109 mV 5 07 x 10 mV 0 0394 6 for a datalogger with 2500 mV excitation NOTE These calibration constants only apply to 2500mV excitations use of these numbers with any other excitation voltage will result in erroneous read ings 18 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data Troubleshooting If you encounter problems with the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 they most likely will manifest themselves in the form of incorrect or erroneous readings Before contact ing Decagon about the sensor do the following eCheck to make sure the connections to the data logg
12. or easy installation into the soil After digging a hole to the desired depth push the prongs on the sensor into undis turbed soil at the bottom of the hole or into the side wall of the hole Make sure that the prongs are buried completely up to the black overmolding as shown below EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 3 Installing the Sensors The sensor may be difficult to insert into extremely compact or dry soil If you have difficulty inserting the sensor try loosening the soil somewhat or wet ting the soil Never pound it in 2 Carefully backfill the hole to match the bulk density of the surrounding soil Be careful not to bend the black overmolding connecting the sensor to the cable Orientation The sensor can be oriented in any direction However orienting the flat side perpendicular to the surface of the soil will minimize effects on downward water move ment Removing the Sensor When removing the sensor from the soil do not pull it out of the soil by the cable Doing so may break inter nal connections and make the sensor unusable 10 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data 4 Collecting Data Datalogger Requirements The EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 sensors are designed to work most efficiently with Decagon s 5 channel Em5b Em50 ProCheck or ECH O Check handheld readout All Decagon readout devices use either a 3 0V or 5V excitation The sensors however may be adapted for
13. round Exc H Analog In Datalogger Fig 5 Datalogger configuration Sample Program The following program is an example that can be used with Campbell Scientific s CR10X datalogger and our EC 20 EC 10 amp EC 5 sensors at a 2500mV excitation CR10X Example ECH2O Datalogger Program for CR10X Wiring 12 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data White Excitation Channel 1 Red Input Single Ended Channel 1 Black Ground Table 1 Program 01 1 Execution Interval seconds Factory calibration equations for ECH2O probes convert mV output of ECH2O to volumetric water content VWC m3 m3 EC 20 VWC 0 00069 mV 0 29 EC 10 VWC 0 00093 mV 0 376 EC 5 VWC 0 00119 mV 0 400 The multiplier and offset in this example are for the EC 5 Excite Delay SE P4 Reps 2500 mV Slow Range SE Channel Excite all reps w Exchan 1 Delay 0 01 sec units 500 mV Excitation Loc Probe VWC 00119 Multiplier 4 Offset ooudoogsomzic m D 0 Table 2 Program 02 0 0000 Execution Interval seconds Table 3 Subroutines End Program 13 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data SCWin Short Cut Directions Following are instructions for using our SCWin Short Cut program to read EC 5 EC 10 and EC 20 soil mois ture sensors 1 Download EchoCSI zip from http www deca gon com appnotes EchoCSlappnote pdf 2 Un
14. the media you are inserting the sensor into It is possible to get sticks bark roots or other material stuck between the sensor prongs which will adversely affect readings Finally be careful when inserting the sensors into dense soil as the prongs will break if exces sive sideways force is used when pushing them in Procedure When installing the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 it is best to maximize contact between the sensor and the soil There are two methods to accomplish this For the EC 10 EC 20 1 Use Decagon s Installation Kit to install the sensor This kit has a custom shaped blade to make the insertion in the soil then another tool to place the sensor into the insertion For deeper installations EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 3 Installing the Sensors use an augur to reach the desired depth then use the Installation Kit with extension rods to install the sensor Use a thin implement like a trenching shovel gar dening spade or flat bar to make a pilot hole in the soil Then insert the sensor into the hole making sure the entire length of the sensor is covered Finally insert the shovel again into the soil a few inches away from the sensor and gently force soil toward the sensor to provide good contact between the sensor and the soil For deeper installation exca vate down to the level you wish to measure then install the sensor as described For the EC 5 1 The EC 5 sensor was designed f
15. use with other dataloggers such as those from Campbell Scientific Inc for example The EC 10 and EC 20 sensors require an excitation voltage in the range of 2 to 5 volts The EC 5 requires an excitation voltage in the range of 2 to 3 6 volts The sensors produce an output voltage that depends on the dielectric constant of the medium sur rounding the sensor and ranges between 10 and 50 of the excitation voltage Any datalogger which can pro duce a 2 5 to 5V 2 5 to 3 6V for EC 5 excitation with approximately 10 millisecond duration and read a volt level signal with 12 bit or better resolution should be compatible with the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 sensors For the EC 10 and EC 20 sensors the current require ment at 2 5V is around 2mA and at 5V it is 7 8mA For the EC 5 it is 1OmA at 2 5V NOTE EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 are intended only for use with dataloggers and readout devices which can provide short excitation pulses leaving the sensors turned off most of the time Continuous excitation not 11 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data only wastes battery power but may under certain cir cumstances cause the sensor to exceed government specified limits on electromagnetic emissions Connecting to a Datalogger Connect the wires to the datalogger as shown with the supply wire connected to the excitation the analog out wire to an analog input and the bare ground wire to ground Analog Supply out G
16. ver if possible Decagon recommends that you purchase customized cable lengths if your project requires longer cable leads Custom cable lengths may be requested with a 3 5mm connector or stripped amp tinned end Extending sensor cables with UMS M12 cables CC 4 1 5 CC 4 5 CC 4 10 CC 4 20 Supply equates Excitation Supply equates Ground internal connected with Signal Signal equates Analog out UMS plug M12 IP67 brown PIN 1 Supply white PIN2 Signal EM blue PIN3 Supply N black PIN4 Signal Male plug on Female va im on sensor cable connecting cable AL thick black Pin and wire configuration for UMS connecting cable CC 4 UMS GmbH M nchen Art Nr 10HS Version 09 2008 Author Decagon EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 3 Installing the Sensors 3 Installing the Sensors SS M When selecting a site for installation it is important to remember that the soil adjacent to the sensor surface has the strongest influence on the sensor reading and that the sensor measures the volumetric water content Therefore any air gaps or excessive soil compaction around the sensor can profoundly influence the read ings Also do not install the sensors adjacent to large metal objects such as metal poles or stakes This can attenuate the sensor s electromagnetic field and adversely affect output readings Because the EC 5 has gaps between its prongs it is also important to consider the size of
17. zip the folder EchoCSI zip 3 Locate the file containing SCWin exe It should be in C Program Files Campbellsci SCWin Place the following files from the unzipped EchoCSLzip folder into the folder with SCWin exe AMI632Z MUX AM416Z MUX EC10 SCS EC101632 SCS EC10416 SCS EC20 SCS EC201632 SCS EC20416 SCS EC5 SCS EC5632 SCS EC5416 SCS SCWIN DECAGON CNT SCWIN DECAGON HLP Note f you are not able to find this directory path search for the folder that contains SCWIN exe and place the files into that folder 4 Open up SCWin exe Short Cut If you are using a V 3 copy of LoggerNet there is a tab for SCWin Short Cut on the tool bar 14 EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 User s Manual 4 Collecting Data 5 Select New to start a new program to read the EC 20 EC 10 and EC 5 a Select the datalogger you will be using to read the sensors b Select the measurement interval a shorter mea surement interval i e 1 sec is sometimes desirable when testing the sensor 6 Click on Sensors this should open a new page with a file tree on it 7 Under the Sensors file tree double click on Meteorological and then select Soil Moisture 8 ECHO Probe EC 10 and ECHO Probe EC 20 should appear on the tree along with other soil mois ture sensors a If they don t appear check to make sure you have pasted the files above into the correct location Calibration Decagon s ECH5O Utility ECH O Utility Mobi
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