STEVAL-IHM041V1: hardware description
Contents
1. Table 1 BOM continued Designator Part value Manufacturer Manufacturer part no TP1 TP2 Test point U1 TSV358lYDT STMicroelectronics TSV358IYDT U2 L7805AC STMicroelectronics L7805ACD2T TR U3 LM393 STMicroelectronics LM393AD U4 STM8S103F3P6 STMicroelectronics STM8S103F3P6 Zi 10V Table 2 Alternate bill of materials for 230 V 50 Hz operation Designator Value C2 1 uF 400 V R2 R3 R5 R6 82 KQ Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 7 13 Circuit description UM1559 3 8 13 Circuit description Power supply The power for the STM8 and the associated control circuit is derived from the mains input using a Capacitive drop power supply followed by a 5 V linear regulator as shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 Power supply C2 Di R15 p 9 A Hd a Saar 3 2 2uF 400V 1N4148 P2 Zi U2 C 1 ae 1 Q 10V ins out 470uF 10V 220uF 10V 2 2 O 4 af gnd 115VAC 43 GND gnd 4 NC L7805AC AM12564v1 C2 R15 Z1 D1 and C4 form the capacitive drop supply that provides an unregulated 10 V to the L7805 linear regulator Zener diode Z1 sets the peak value of the unregulated supply A value of 10 V was chosen to maintain the minimum voltage of 8 V at the input of the L7805 The power supply section was designed to use with a 120 V 60 Hz mains The power supply can be modified to be used on 230 V 50 Hz mains by changing C22. Figure t Boardimage 22 20 0005 keen ECK EE ENER EEN es acm UE Ra a E dna eat 1 Figure 2 STEVAL IHMO41V1 schematic 0 0 0c rns 5 Figure 3 Powersupply iis ss ies p e trarre ace Soe ger b RR Da y bars o eben Dhow a ead 8 Figure 4 X Voltage sensing circuit lille RII II 9 Figure 5 Tachometer interface l l rr 10 Ly Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 3 13 Main features UM1559 4 13 Main features e Input voltage 120 V 60 Hz 230 V 50 Hz with component change Motor current 7A RMS Phase control for universal motor drive Open loop or closed loop speed regulation Voltage and current sensing for sensorless operation optional Debug outputs AC tach hall sensor or opto sensor for speed feedback Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 ky Schematic and bill of material UM1559 Schematic and bill of material 2 STEVAL IHM041V1 schematic Figure 2 an9 adl Ke XL er SNOILVOINNNIWOO SONISNAS 39VLIOA YOLOW an9 MZ 6H Mc oly S eo ON wq ING E TT 8d Zad lad o A z C C c L dl L aNd vr ead tad K lad zdl ING sam L Dis X qq QdEXEOISBWLS es ING EY 4 AS Ae ozy ANN van gt gt ING NE an9 ean PN uu oc oz m QN 834A x CU
3. wy UM1559 JJ User manual STEVAL IHMO41V1 hardware description Introduction The STEVAL IHM041V1 is a Triac based phase angle control for universal motor speed control using an STM8S103F3 8 bit microcontroller to set the conduction angle of the Triac The board may be operated in either open loop mode or in closed loop speed control mode with an AC tach hall sensor or opto sensor feedback The open loop mode may also be used as a lamp dimmer The board is designed to operate from a 120 V 60 Hz mains but may be easily modified to operate on other mains voltages by changing components in the power supply and motor voltage sensing circuits Suggested component values for other mains voltages are shown in the alternate bill of materials On power up the firmware determines if jumper J4 is installed or not The board operates in open loop mode if J4 is not installed and in closed loop mode if J4 is installed When operating in closed loop mode an AC tach or a hall effect device is connected to J3 to provide speed feedback Figure 1 Board image AM12563v1 November 2012 Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 1 13 www st com Contents UM1559 Contents 1 Main features 200 cee ee ee ee ee 4 2 Schematic and bill of material ence eee 5 3 Circuit description EE 8 4 Revision history eec NENNEN NEKTAR RR RN RR a a 12 2 13 Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 ky UM1559 List of figures List of figures
4. Component changes needed to modify the board to work on a 230 V 50 Hz mains are shown in Table 2 Line sync interface To synchronize the gate drive for the Triac to the AC mains the STM8 senses the zero crossings of the AC mains voltage at the timer1 capture input A pair of series current limiting resistors R1 and R2 connect the AC line input to the timer1 capture input pin Two 1206 case resistors are used in series to provide sufficient voltage rating The voltage at the pin is clamped to 5 V and ground by the internal diodes in the STM8 The values of the resistors are selected to limit the current to within the allowable range for the STM8 Triac power stage Triac Q1 is connected in between the mains and the load and functions as a phase controlled switch to provide power to the motor The gating signal is generated by the STM8 at GPIO pins PC6 and PC7 The pins are paralleled in order to increase the available gate current drive and the control must operate these two outputs in unison For best operation the Triac should be operated in the second and third quadrant always using a negative pulse on the gate to turn the device on Since the STM8 operates from a positive 5 V supply it is not possible to directly drive the gate with a negative pulse Capacitor C1 AC couples the gate signal from the STMB to the Triac so that a falling edge on the output of PC6 and PC7 generates a negative voltage on the Triac gate for turn on The Doc I
5. D 023542 Rev 1 ky UM1559 Circuit description example control software provides a series of picket fence pulses to the gate to improve the reliability of the gating always finishing with the pins back high ready for the next gating Current sensing Shunt resistor R7 is used to sense the motor current during the Triac conduction angle Using a value of 0 01 Q generates a signal that is 10 mV A This signal is amplified by U1 to get a signal of 220 mV A that is fed into an ADC input of the STM8 With a 5 V full scale value on the ACD the circuit can read peak currents up to 22 7 A Although the current through R7 is both positive and negative the inverting configuration circuit amplifies only the negative current since the amplifier output cannot go below ground An alternate configuration would be to add a bias to the amplifier circuit so that at zero current the output would be half of the full scale voltage or 2 5 V In this way both positive and negative current may be measured but the peak current capability would be reduced by Ye if the gain stayed the same The current sensing is included primarily for a sensorless speed control algorithm The algorithm senses current during the negative half cycle and performs the speed regulation calculations during the positive half cycle The current sensing is not needed for the open loop or closed loop speed control with tachometer feedback Motor voltage sensing Figure 4
6. SSA AC As b x si S d 1nooso gt 8d BEN ANTT 3OVJH3 1NI H313 OHOVL gd upbso gt zgd azzo LZY ooi ST i ab LL 2d eu e M v wms i 18d n et gt XL ING wims lt 7 oc i i ri L Ncc x 1031 89 9na3a Y AS Tdi 2VS08Z1 5 ON ON 3 pub pub Eai ONS OVASLL 7 pub pub Z e AOW AOL Anger gu me i i AOL 100 B zn 914 nl BR P ee ML 001 viu VW DI D Y AlddNS H3MOd jd ASE9LL d Prb Liu 1D 001 001 jnzzo gt AS ONISN3S 1NIYYND D EK INN Her Su c yee cu r Td NOILOANNOO YOLOW 5 13 Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 Schematic and bill of material UM1559 6 13 Table 1 BOM Designator Part value Manufacturer Manufacturer part no C1 0 22 uF C2 2 2 UF 250 V Panasonic EF2225 C3 220 UF 10 V C4 470 pF 10 V C5 C6 0 22 uF C7 47 nF D1 D2 D3 1N4148 Diodes Inc 1N4148FDICT J1 J3 4Pos 100 header J2 2Pos 100 header J4 2Pos 100 header LED2 Red LED LED1 SC LED4 DNI P1 P2 2Pos locking 5 mm PB1 PB2 PB3 DNI Q1 T1635T STMicroelectronics T1635T 81 R1 R13 1kQ R14 100 kQ R2 R3 R5 R6 39 kQ R4 DNI R7 R8 100 kQ R9 R10 R29 R31 2 kQ R11 R28 22 kQ R12 MOV Epcos S14K275 R15 47 Q R16 0 01 R17 5 kQ pot R18 a R25 22kQ R19 47 KQ R20 R21 100 Q R24 R32 R33 10 ko R27 200 kQ R30 100 Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 d UM1559 Schematic and bill of material D
7. Voltage sensing circuit R1 1K P1 R2 39K R3 39K gt gt 5V 1 200 O R4 2 R5 R6 3 gt VB 4 4 UIA DN 39K 39K lt 10 BV lt R10 2K R9 2K S GND AM12565v1 The measured motor voltage is also required for a sensorless speed estimation algorithm of the software Since neither side of the motor terminal voltage is at ground potential a conventional differential amplifier stage built around U1A is used to interface the signal to the ground referenced STM8 ADC input as shown in Figure 4 The differential amplifier also provides attenuation biasing and resistive isolation The gain of this circuit is 1 kQ 78 KQ Since the circuit is biased at 2 5 V out for O V in the input voltage range is 195 V peak over the full scale range of 0 to 5 V on the ADC input Two 1206 case resistors are used in series for the input resistors to provide sufficient voltage rating For operation on 230 V 50 Hz mains the values of input resistors R2 R3 R5 and R6 are changed to 82 kQ Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 9 13 Circuit description UM1559 10 13 The voltage sensing is not needed for the open loop or closed loop speed control with tachometer feedback Potentiometer PCB mounted potentiometer R8 is connected between 5 V and ground with the wiper providing an input signal to STM8 ADC input Ain4 This can be used as a general analog input signal In the example software this signal is used as either a closed loop spee
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9. d command or an open loop gating phase angle command Tachometer interface circuit For closed loop speed control a tachometer signal can be connected to connector J3 The circuit supports a pure magnet pickup coil type a hall sensor type pulse tachometer or an opto interrupter or reflector type of pick up Figure 5 Tachometer interface 5V x 14 Tea pes 10K 22K R29 iR 4 D3 3 EZ Lea EE R31 VFB 2 4mF 2 ae 2K R32 mo UgA 1 1 4 RA SE B 10K 10K GND AM12566v1 For active devices like a hall sensor or opto pick up the 5 V power supply and ground is available on pins 1 GND and 4 5v and the device output should be connected to pin 3 A pull up resistor R28 is provided for open collector devices but totem pole outputs can be accommodated as well For AC pick up coil type devices the output wires should be connected at pins 2 and 3 The differential signal is biased to approximately 1 2 of the supply voltage and diodes D2 and D3 clamp the signals to safe levels for the comparator inputs A small hysteresis in the comparator should still provide sufficient sensitivity for low speed operation The sensitivity can be improved by removing the pull up resistor R28 which is not actually needed for the AC tach The example software requires a setting of the number of pulses rising and falling edges per rotation to scale the speed calculation User and d
10. ebug interface Connector J1 is the standard 4 pin SWIM connector for programming and debug connections Up to three pushbuttons can be installed to provide simple command inputs The standard board configuration populates only PB1 which is used by the example software as a start stop command The other two pushbuttons may be installed and used by user Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 ky UM1559 Circuit description Note developed software Jumper J4 used by the example software is connected in parallel to PB3 so either J4 or PB3 may be used The board layout allows for up to 5 LEDs that user developed software can use Only LED2 is populated on the standard configuration board and the example software uses it to display motor on off status The two outputs on pins 11 and 12 of the STM8 were designed for a dual function If a 10uF capacitor is installed in the position marked for LED3 and LEDS5 the signal on the positive terminal of each capacitor can be used as a diagnostic analog output The capacitor along with the 2 2 kQ series resistor forms a low pass filter that filters the PWM output from the STM8 to provide a simple DAC function The example software uses these two PWM outputs to provide useful analog diagnostic signals that can be displayed on a scope By default the RPM command before accel decel slew limiting and actual speed are presented These signals can also be observed at the test points without the capacitors as a p
11. oducts with provisions different from the statements and or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever any liability of ST ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics All other names are the property of their respective owners 2012 STMicroelectronics All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia Belgium Brazil Canada China Czech Republic Finland France Germany Hong Kong India Israel Italy Japan Malaysia Malta Morocco Philippines Singapore Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America www st com ky Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 13 13
12. ure PWM signal The circuit ground of the PCB is hot with respect to the AC mains so it is necessary to operate the board from an isolated supply such as an isolation transformer or use an isolated input oscilloscope to make these observations This warning also applies to the connection of a PC to the swim connector The board must be powered by an isolation transformer or the connection to the programming dongle must be through an isolating interface Connector J2 is provided to give a serial data output from the UART that may be used for diagnostics to send data to another board The example software does not use this function Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 11 13 Revision history UM1559 4 12 13 Revision history Table 3 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 28 Nov 2012 1 Initial release Doc ID 023542 Rev 1 UM1559 Please Read Carefully Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ST reserve the right to make changes corrections modifications or improvements to this document and the products and services described herein at any time without notice All ST products are sold pursuant to ST s terms and conditions of sale Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice selection and use of the ST products and services described herein and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the
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