Tracerco NORM Monitor - Alara Consultants Inc.
Contents
1. poul Buipeai o winjay Spuooes e DIOU A junoo sajbbo ssoid AE UawojN punoso VEER Gei uoneJedo 510 uonounj junoo punoJBxoeg peisn pe pug 8poui uj bg apow pufg sdo aqoid oejep ojny poul 500 Spuooes 09 Jaye 1001 jjnejep JO sepouu Ile uone1ba ui eis pouu ejdsip p 15 s se 0709 2 uoneJ69jur 4015 14 2 Geiger Probe Menu Figure 27 Complete Geiger probe menu lt Monitors 53 amp Servicino 14 3 Alarm Menu V0 20 ars ysonbes uue y o o o o o o o 5 poul uonoeJiqns punoJBxoeq e uaym Ajuo uondo 1OV3 3 senbeJ WJE y o Una spol juauuno ul pue p lqEs p uueje UU apou spuooes o ejeudoudde eunBiy uueje JO DIOU Figure 28 Complete alarm menu Monitors amp Servicing 542. Battery life excluding backlight Scintillator probe 82 hours Geiger probe 190 hours Low battery indication 7 8 Vd c 13 4 Mechanical Table 12 Mechanical data Unit Handset meter Scintillator probe Geiger probe Holsters belt 46 Monitors amp Servicing A 13 5 Environmental Tracerco Table 13 Environmental specification Ingress protection Scintillator probe Geiger probe Handset meter IP67 IP34 IP65 13 6 Radiological performance 13 6 1 Scintillator Probe Table 14 Scintillator probe specification Radiation detected Sensor technology Nal T1 scintillation crystal Units n Lu uRad cps cpm 0 000 50uSv h 0 0 5 0004 R h Alarm levels configurable for full range in all units Alarms configurable as defined numerical limit or as multiple factor of stored background in 0 5 increments Overload response range displayed at 240 000 cps Derived units overload figure dependent upon calibration factors Less than 10 over temperature range 20 to 50 C Variation with temperature E 13 6 2 Geiger Muller Probe Table 15 Geiger probe specification Radiation detected alpha beta gamma Sensor technology Geiger Miller End Window Pancake Units Ci cpsicpm Boom o Overload response cps cpm Ba cm Alarm levels configurable for full range in all units Alarms configurable as defined numerical limit or as multiple factor of stored background
3. Radium scale with readily accessible dry surface Geiger M ller SA 49 Radium scale with significant water oil or sludge deposition Scintillator SA 50 Radium scale deposition using external pipe surface survey Scintillator SA 50 measurements Radium scale contaminated tubulars lt 4 diameter 100mm Scintillator SA 50 Lead 210 scale with readily accessible surface wet or dry Geiger Muller SA 49 3 1 1 Geiger Muller End Window Pancake Probe The Geiger Muller probe utilises a thin window detector which although capable of detecting gamma radiation is particularly sensitive to the surface measurement of alpha and beta radiation The Geiger Muller probe s high sensitivity to aloha and beta is ideally suited to the measurement of lead 210 and polonium 210 which are commonly found in gas producing facilities where NORM is transported in the form of the gas radon 222 8 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Measurements may be taken in units of counts per second cps or in the case where specific nuclides have been selected Becquerels per square cm Bq cm A The Ba cm measurement function is used to quantify the levels of surface activity of a particular nuclide It is important that the users have prior knowledge of the type of nuclides present in the deposition so that the measurements can be set up and interpreted correctly Contact radiation monitors tracerco com for further details regarding radionuclide sp
4. Background measurement After a period of one minute the monitor will cease counting and the new background value in cps or cpm will be displayed The operator can accept this value or repeat the count by pressing the Log Back ground key once more Press the Rate Int Stop key to accept the new reading and automatically update the value held in memory The instrument will then return to its previous measuring mode 29 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 8 Alarm Configuration Alarm levels may be configured for each measurement mode cps or cpm uSv h or uR h Ba cm and are retained in memory following power down or battery replacement The levels apply to the probe type connected For example the cps alarm level configured for the scintillation SA50 probe may be given a different value to that of the corresponding cps alarm level for the GM probe Alarms may be enabled individually for each probe and measurement mode as indicated by the on screen alarm symbol gt The alarm status enabled disabled is retained following power down or battery replacement 4 8 1 Switching the alarm ON OFF The instrument s high pitched alarm sounder may be enabled and disabled using the configuration menu The comprehensive range of alarm options are either based on a single numerical value LEVEL or a multiple of the background level FACtor To access the Alarm settings hold down the alarm v key for 3 seconds No
5. a o i iati 33 Table OLU lee Ine uuu u az a aa ba ga 39 Table 9 Radiological type m rioni 46 Table 10 EMO TOPU cm aa Daun 46 Table 11 Battery Dower eee RAR eee eee aaa aaa aaa 46 Tabie 12 Mechanical Qala sasi tu U uuu lll ls ui tr al a o te ti ea bc af 46 Table 13 Environmental specification eee eee eee ea eee nana 47 Table 14 Scintillator probe specification nea nnns 47 Table 15 Geiger probe spechticaton anna anna aaa ennenen 47 Table 16 Hazardous area approval EE 48 4 Monitors amp Servicing Tracerco Glossary Table 1 Glossary ATEX European Directive 94 9 EC applicable to equipment used in hazardous environments From French Appareils destin s tre utilis s en ATmosph res Explosives IS Intrinsically Safe Design concept formally assessed and certified by a notified body which demonstrates that the instrument can be used safely in hazardous environments Scintillator Material which produces photons in response to incident radiation Isotope Member of an element group with the same number of protons but differing number of neutrons in its nucleus A member of the set of approx 3100 elements and their isotopes by natural and artificial sources RPA Radiation Protection Advisor A qualified expert who advises on safe and compliant use of lonising radiations according to the lonising Radiations Regulations 1999 I
6. a wide range of intrinsically safe and standard ration monitoring products Tracerco m Face Tracerco can provide a professional rapid turnaround calibration and repair service as well as offering a hire service for a range of monitors Our experience technicians can also provide an annual Hazardous Area Equipment Inspection as described by IEC 60079 17 45 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 13 Technical Specification 13 1 Radiological Type Tests Table 9 Radiological type test Applicable standard NORM Monitor IS with Geiger BS EN 60325 2004 Radiation Protection Instrumentation Alpha probe Beta and Alpha Beta Beta 60keV contamination meters and monitors NORM Monitor IS with Scintillation BS EN 62363 2011 Radiation protection instrumentation Portable detector photon contamination meters 13 2 EMC Compliance Tests Table 10 EMC compliance Applicable standards BS EN 61326 1 2006 Electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use BS EN 61000 4 2 Electrostatic Discharge 1995 A1 A2 2001 BS EN 61000 4 3 2002 Radiated Electromagnetic Field Immunity BS EN 61000 4 8 1993 Magnetic Field Immunity BS EN 55011 2007 Industrial scientific and medical equipment Radio frequency disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement 13 3 Battery power Table 11 Battery power Technology Alkaline Manganese Format PP3 9v Approved part numbers MX1604 MN1604
7. is carried out See Section 4 2 3 Switching on the instrument 4 2 2 Removing the probe Switch the monitor off Hold the probe plug by the machined grip and pull firmly away from the handset 20 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 2 3 Switching on the instrument Pressing the power o key will turn on the monitor A self test routine enables all LCD segments and the three indicator LEDs are illuminated in sequence Following the initialisation visual acknowledgement of the selected probe type is displayed briefly as illustrated below SA 49 indicates the GM probe is connected SA 50 indicates the Scintillator Probe is connected The start up sequence is complete once the green LED starts flashing The monitor is now ready for use At this stage the unit measurement presented to the user is dependent upon the operating mode and alarm settings used when the instrument was last switched off In the illustration below the instrument was last used in cos mode and no alarm was set 4 2 4 Start up sequence illustration RATE O Integrate H n m 10 30 cpscpm x1000 Pb210dwRa226dw Figure 4 Start up sequence 21 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 3 Measurement Modes for the Scintillator Probe Following initialisation see previous section the user may choose to change the measurement unit mode The various measurement modes for the scintillator probe are e cps
8. that from a Cs 137 source with the same activity lonising radiation legislation recommends that all operational radiation measurement devices are subjected to regular inspection and testing This recommendation includes performance checks and where appropriate recalibration of the monitor 41 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco All NORM Monitor IS probes are checked and calibrated immediately prior to despatch to the customer Following this initial procedure or the regular inspection and calibration check Tracerco engineers will set the next calibration check due date within the probe s memory To assist in providing customers with a more efficient and comprehensive service Tracerco s in house database holds records of all monitors supplied to customers including details of inspections repairs replacements and calibrations This database provides a cradle to grave history for the tracking of radiation monitors Tracerco has several calibration and repair facilities throughout the world Contact Tracerco customer services to find your nearest facility 10 4 Equipment Inspection Tracerco recommends that all portable Hazardous Area approved instruments receive an annual inspection by an appropriately trained technician The requirement for annual inspection is consistent with EN 60079 1 7 Tracerco are able to provide an appropriate inspection service and should be contacted for further details See section Error Refere
9. three indicator LEDs will flash in unison and the sounder will be activated Removing the source of radiation will clear the sounder but the LEDs will continue to flash until the user presses the Rate Int Stop key to return to rate mode This operation is summarised in Section 4 6 Alarm activation in Integration Mode Note that the alarm operation in Integration mode is different from that in rate mode in which case the alarm is activated immediately after levels are exceeded Note the background count is stored in non volatile memory so that the reading is retained even if the instrument is switched off The operator is responsible for ensuring the background measurement is kept current and therefore applicable to the measurement in hand The site RPA or deputy will advise on frequency and location of background radiation measurements 38 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 8 Faults Troubleshooting The following table shows error conditions and notification Table 8 Troubleshooting No probe detected Rare Mr roz e Connect a compatible probe Examine cable and connector for damage In case of damage return to Tracerco for repair Low count rate A Move to an area of higher activity detected possible ae o Sroe Rare Wr Stop If error persists return to Tracerco for failure of probe diagnosis detector element or cable Further 20 seconds e ZE Err Low battery RATE NL
10. 2 and that it may be used in areas where flammable gas groups IIA IIB and IIC are present T4 indicates that the equipment is suitable for use in flammable gasses with a T Class of T1 T2 T3 or T4 The ambient working temperature for the equipment is 20 C 50 C Conditions of safe use indicated by X extension in certification number e Care must be taken during transportation removal and replacement of the scintillator from the PM Probe in the hazardous area to avoid impact with the aluminium casing of the scintillator Practical safety points e Do not open the battery compartment in a hazardous area e Use only the Duracell MX1604 or MN1604 alkaline manganese battery Lock the battery compartment by the screw in the compartment lid do not over tighten Do not use solvents on the handset monitor window 43 Monitors amp Servicing A 12 Contact Us Contact us at one of our Global Service Centres Billingham UK Global Headquarters Tel 44 0 1642 375171 Email radiation monitors tracerco com Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel 603 7803 4622 GL Email tracerco asia tracerco com Houston USA Tel 1 281 291 7769 Email tracerco tracerco com Perth Australia Tel 61 0 8 9209 3905 Email tracerco tracerco com Tracerco Please visit the Tracerco website www tracerco com for details of other Tracerco offices and locations 44 Monitors amp Servicing A Iracerco Tracerco manufacture
11. IS may be operated in cps or cps minus background mode with either the GM Probe or the Scintillator Probe The PASS FAIL alarm criteria are summarised in the following table These assessment methods are commonly used in the UK and Middle East oil and gas sectors Table 3 Alarm options when using cps for NORM assessment Operating mode mode Alarm type Alarm activated when total cps exceeds user configured level da CI Level Alarm activated when cps above background radiation exceeds user configured level cps background Alarm activated when a multiple of background radiation is exceeded 3 2 2 Assessment using surface activity Bq cm Surface activity measured in Bq cm is less commonly used in NORM assessment but may offer the operator useful information provided the type of nuclide is known See also Section 3 1 Probe Selection 13 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco The NORM Monitor IS Geiger Muller probe is calibrated with response factors for lead 210 and radium 226 Selection of the appropriate nuclide for the particular NORM samples allows the user to set PASS FAIL criteria is summarised as follows Table 4 Alarm options when using Bq cm for NORM assessment Operating mode Alarm type Alarm activated when Bg cm exceeds user configured level 3 2 3 Dose rate Legislative requirements typically in the US require operators to assess NORM on the basis of the direct radiation dose rate w
12. RR99 RPS Radiation Protection Supervisor An individual appointed to ensure compliance with local rules and radiation regulations under IRR99 Radiation Safety Officer A measure of surface activity One Becquerel is equivalent to one disintegration per second Alpha radiation Radioactive decay resulting in the emission of a helium nucleus e g Ra 226 gt Ra222 Beta radiation Radioactive decay resulting in emission of an electron or positron e g Pb 210 gt Bi210 Gamma radiation Radioactive decay in which a high energy photon occurs along with the decay particle s e g 47KeV y Pb 210 gt Bi 210 5 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 1 Introduction and Scope 1 1 Introduction The Tracerco NORM Monitor IS is an intrinsically safe portable contamination monitor which has been developed specifically to meet the requirements of the Oil and Gas Industry particularly the measurement of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NORM Its principal function is to detect and quantify naturally occurring radioactive isotopes under a wide range of operational conditions The monitor kit provides a single instrument platform with dual probe option to deliver optimum measurement capability under the most demanding circumstances Although specifically designed to overcome the technical and practical challenges of measuring NORM in the field the monitor is also able to detect a wide range of man made isotopes 1 2 Scop
13. STOP N Move to non hazardous area and change the battery Over range Bare r ron A Move away from source of radiation 39 Monitors amp Servicing A 9 Display ranges reading the screen Tracerco The following images illustrate the range of the instrument according to each measurement unit selection Min reading STOP 40 Intermediate reading Max reading Figure 22 Display ranges DUE indicated Scintillator Probe 5000 1 uR h GM Probe Not applicable Scintillator Probe 50 001 uSv h GM Probe Not applicable Scintillator Probe 20 000 cps GM Probe 4000 cps Scintillator Probe 1 200 000 cpm GM Probe 240 000 cpm Scintillator Probe Not applicable GM Probe 4000 cps x isotope calibration factor Monitors amp Servicing Tracerco 10 Maintenance and Calibration The NORM Monitor IS has been designed for reliable operation in heavily industrialised environments and should provide many years of effective service provided attention is paid to basic operational maintenance 10 1 Cleaning The NORM Monitor IS features a thermoplastic handset and Geiger probe housing which are manufactured from materials with excellent chemical resistance and inherent antistatic properties The plastic cases may be cleaned by wiping with a slightly moistened cloth A mild detergent may be used if required The Scintillator probe is manufactured from stainless steel and ph
14. Tracerco Providing Insight Onsite TRACERCO NORM Monitor IS USER MANUAL Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Contents 1 nibo D and ee e 6 Il OLDU s ion rei 6 li Speri 6 2 Naturally Occurring Radioactivity an overview i 6 Ad IULIE CIRIC IO si e i tea al a ta i a ct a dal oi ai atat ra lat cl 6 2 2 Radioactivity in Oil and Gas Installations eee eee 7 7 e dree 211 61 1 EE 8 ul Prope de e BEE 8 3 1 1 Geiger M ller End Window Pancake Probe eee nana 8 3 1 2 Se HE Ori u a 11 3 2 NORM assessment CHILO II see Seed 13 3 2 1 Assessment using cps measurement e 13 3 2 2 Assessment using surface activity BQ CM ii 13 3 2 3 Biet 0 3 ta ale 0 aaa 14 3 2 4 SAR SRO ET 14 3 3 Background EE 15 4 Tracerco NORM Monitor IS Functional description nea eee 16 4 1 Handset monitor control keys essen nnna nnn rris esae nn ness ise serere nans 16 42 Operating the NSYument J uu uuu Geta iata asta ttc oe mia d aia tt 20 4 2 1 20 4 2 2 Removing 167100 m a e TTE 20 4 2 3 Switching on the msirument ii 21 4 2 4 Start up SEQUENCE illustration main 21 4 3 Measurement Modes for the Scintillator Probe nnne 22 4 3 1 COSIO 22 4 3 2 COS Minus Background Mode E 23 4 3 3 Bz RUG MOGE E 23 4 4 Mod
15. amination arising from NORM under most environmental conditions In order to achieve this versatility the instrument is provided as a single data processing unit with the choice of two types of radiation detection probes To realise the full capability of the instrument it is important that the operator understands the technical advantages of each probe and the circumstances under which they should be deployed 3 1 Probe Selection Although in general terms both the Geiger M ller GM and Scintillator based probes will detect the presence of NORM under most environmental conditions there can be significant variations in detection sensitivity for different scale types The following table provides guidance on the selection of probe for a particular NORM measurement application The table has been compiled on the basis that environmental background radiation is comparable to that found in an offshore facility and there are no local abnormal circumstances for example the presence of local scale storage containers will affect the detection capability of the scintillation probe due to a higher background radiation reading This guidance is based on monitoring experience and the known technical characteristics of each probe The operator should always observe local operating procedures and where appropriate seek confirmation from the appointed RPS or RPA Table 2 Measurement options for probes Type of measurement Suggested probe ref
16. arm Visual Alarm LEDs Alarm indication on LCD display Rate mode green LED d Continuous high pitch None eg symbol tone Integration in progress amber LED 2 symbol flashing Integrated measurement complete Continuous high pitch 3 x indicator LEDs Flashing symbol stop source of radiation still tone high frequency flash present Integrated measurement complete None 3 x indicator LEDs stop source of radiation removed high frequency flash A Once an alarm is triggered it may only be silenced by moving away from the source of radiation 33 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 5 Adjusting the integration period The versatility of the integration function is enhanced by the facility to configure the period over which the measurement is taken When the detected count rate is low it may be advantageous to take a measurement over an extended period thereby minimising the statistical error by giving an averaged count rate over the sample period Conversely due to the nature of on site operations the measurement may be subject to time restriction The user may therefore decide to optimise the measurement period The following flow diagram details the integration period configuration procedure Hold for 10 seconds Enter integration time period min 5 sec max 300 sec Mode als 19 Return measurement mode Figure 19 Integration p
17. ckground cps will be that held in memory by the instrument The operator may update the background value at any time See section 4 7 A Stored background counts are held for each probe type If the SA50 scintillator probe and SA49 GM probe are interchanged the corresponding background reading for that probe type is automatically loaded and used in the background subtraction calculation 4 3 3 Dose Rate Mode Press the Mode key to change the measuring units from cps minus background to Dose Rate mode The screen will show the analogue scale and digital display in uSv h units If the instrument has been configured for use in the USA then these units will be displayed in uR h Figure 7 Dose Rate screen with SI units 23 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Figure 8 Dose rate screen with US units The green LED indicates that the instrument is recording data in real time 4 4 Modes of Operation for the Geiger M ller Probe Following initialisation Section 4 2 4 the user may choose to change the measurement unit mode The various measurement modes for the Geiger Muller probe are cps count rate or cpm e background subtracted cps count rate or cpm Ba cm background subtraction implicit in this mode Note The NORM Monitor IS is capable of displaying SI units as well as non IS units primarily US market Cps and cpm are factory set parameters and not configurable in the field In each case it is poss
18. count rate or cpm e background subtracted cps count rate or cpm e Dose rate in uSv h or uR h In each case it is possible to utilise the integration function whereby the displayed reading is averaged over a period of time Note The NORM Monitor IS is capable of displaying SI units as well as non IS units primarily US market Cps or cpm amp Sv h or uR h are factory set parameters and not configurable in the field 4 3 1 cps Mode Press the mode e key until the cos text appears on the LCD display as shown Figure 5 cps readout screen This screen provides a bar graph and digital display indication of the radioactivity detected by the probe in counts per second cps In cps mode the value displayed indicates the total count rate detected by the probe and includes any contribution from environmental background radioactivity The green indicator LED will flash whilst the instrument is counting in this measuring mode 22 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 3 2 cps Minus Background Mode Press the Mode D key to change the measuring units from cps to cps minus background mode The display shows a bar graph as well as digital readout The measurement units and mode are indicated by the cos and Background text A In this mode the digital display will show the cps count rate with the last stored background count subtracted Figure 6 Background subtracted CPS screen The value subtracted for ba
19. e This manual provides detailed operational and technical information for the Tracerco NORM Monitor IS In addition an introductory guide is presented which explains the origins radiological nature and the challenges which arise when attempting to carry out practical measurements and radiological assessments of typical Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NORM deposits 2 Naturally Occurring Radioactivity an overview 2 1 Introduction Radioactivity occurs naturally in the environment due to the presence of decay products from Uranium and Thorium These isotopes have extremely long half lives For example Uranium 235 700 million years Uranium 238 4 5 billion years Thorium 232 14 billion years The parent uranium and thorium isotopes decay to produce a series of other radioactive daughter isotopes of widely differing half lives Eventually through the course of time these result in a stable isotope of Lead A schematic of the decay chains for each nuclide series is illustrated in Appendix 1 Decay Series for Uranium and Thorium If the radioactive parent is undisturbed for a sufficiently long period of time a condition of equilibrium is established in which all radioactivity levels are equal Removal of all or an amount of a nuclide from the decay scheme will disturb this equilibrium and reduce the concentration of corresponding decay products In a situation of true 6 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco radi
20. e for 20 seconds before switching off Mode key The primary key function is to step through the various measurement modes of the instrument Each key press moves to the next unit option available for the probe attached Mode Ni The dual function key is also used to increase the alarm and integrate period parameters when these menu options are selected See Sections 4 8 amp 5 on alarm and integration period configuration Log Back ground key This key is used to record and store background radiation levels Following key press a one minute background count is initiated and the result stored in memory The result is used in measurement modes where background compensation is factored into the value output to the display This process overwrites any previous value of background which is stored in memory Log Back Ground 18 Monitors amp Servicing A To use any of the background adjusted modes of operation including the user must take a background reading for the chosen probe See section 4 7 for further information on background measurement Probe Connection Each probe is supplied with a flying lead terminated with an industrial specification IP68 mated condition coupling connector See Section 4 2 1 Connecting the probe A Note that the plug and socket are polarised Please observe the red dot registration markings when connecting the probes Indicator LEDs Three LEDs indicat
21. e for measurement modes which include background subtraction A n background subtraction measurement modes the value applied to LEVEL is the measurement above the background count at which the alarm is activated 31 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 8 3 Setting Alarm Parameters LEVELs Alarm LEVELs are entered as a numeric value and are related directly to the value which is displayed on the instrument for the relevant measurement mode lt Mode Having previously selected the LEVEL FACt preference press the Select key and use the Mode or Alarm e keys to increase or decrease the value displayed PR Confirm by pressing the Select key The instrument returns to the current measurement mode and applies the alarm parameters for that measurement mode and probe LEVEL setting example 1 Measuring mode cps Alarm configuration LEVEL 5 cps Result Alarm triggered when the display indicates 5 cps LEVEL setting example 2 Measuring mode cps background Alarm configuration LEVEL 5 cps Result Alarm triggered when the display indicates 2 5 cps This equates to an actual count rate of 5 stored background count FACtors The FACt option allows the alarm to be set as a multiple of the stored background measurement i Mode Having previously selected the LEVEL FACt preference press the Select key and use the Mode or Alarm to increase or decrease the value Confirm t
22. e the current processing stage when using the Integration measurement mode The integration measurement sequence is shown below 1 Green rate LED indicates that the measurement is in real time The display reading will fluctuate according to the random nature of the radiation source 2 Amber integrate LED indicates that the instrument is busy The LED will continue to flash over the duration of the integration period During this period the display continues to show an averaged measurement with a one second refresh rate 3 Red stop LED indicates that the measurement is complete The display no longer updates while the red LED is flashing Press the Rate Int Stop key again and the instrument returns to rafe mode 1 The sequence is now complete See also Section 4 5 Integration Function 19 Monitors amp Servicing A Iracerco 4 2 Operating the instrument 4 2 1 Connecting the probes Each probe is supplied with a flexible curly cable terminated with a polarised industrial grade plug Connection to the hand held monitor is made via a panel mount socket connection as shown below e Rotate the probe plug so that the red marker is uppermost Align the marker with the corresponding red dot marker on the handset mounted socket and push firmly A successful connection is confirmed by an audible and tactile click of the latching mechanism Switch the monitor on and observe that the initialisation sequence
23. ectrum analysis of sample materials Figure 1 Geiger Muller Pancake Probe The detection sensitivity of the probe for alpha and beta emissions from scale materials may be significantly reduced if the surface is wet or obscured by oily deposits Although in such circumstances the probe will continue to respond to any gamma ray emissions with only a limited reduction in sensitivity the reduced contribution from the alpha and beta particle detection will result in a significant overall loss in sensitivity relative to a dry surface The Geiger probe has been calibrated with a number of response factors to allow measurement of Bq cm for specific nuclides The nuclide options vvhich are provided includes Radium 226 in the form of vvet or dry scales and Lead 210 again in the form of wet or dry scales The operator is able to select the required nuclide through the instrument s configuration menu See section 0 9 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco The provision of a wet and dry option reflects the absorption of alpha and to a lesser extent beta radiation by water and oil on the surface of the scale A The response factors have been factory set under a calibration conditions vvhere the probe is placed directly above the scale surface at a distance of 2mm 10 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 3 1 2 Scintillation Probe The scintillation probe utilises an inorganic scintillator crystal which is very sensit
24. eriod configuration Hold down the Rate Int Stop key for 10 seconds The display will replace the current readout with either A to or 5EE depending upon the previously selected integration mode Selecting the AUE o mode invokes the behaviour detailed below e Integration maximum period timeout 60 seconds e Integration ends if total count 2 1000 RUE a is intended to provide a default measurement mode where statistical accuracy of the results could be made based on the parameters detailed above 34 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Selection of the SEE option provides the operator with a screen showing the current integration period in seconds The keys o 2 may now be used to adjust the period within the range to 600 seconds Note In the unlikely event that the user wishes to disable the integration button function then setting the integration period to 0 will render the Rate Int Stop key non operational Pressing the Select key will commit the setting to memory and return the instrument to rate mode Mode and period parameters are retained in non volatile memory The instrument s configuration therefore survives power cycle so that setup following power on is unnecessary 35 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 6 Locking the keypad The operator or supervisor has the capability to lock the instrument keypad so that only essential functions are enabled A combinatio
25. es of Operation for the Geiger M ller Probe i 24 4 4 1 COSMO lan 24 4 4 2 COS Minus Background lee E 25 4 4 3 Becquerels per cm squared mode Bq m i 25 4 5 Integration TUNIC mr 27 4 5 1 Example Making an integrated count measurement in cps Mode eee eee 27 4 6 Alarm activation in integration mode 28 4 7 Background Meaeurement eene nennen nnns enn inns nnns ener n tese innen nennen 29 48 Alam erneut 30 2 Monitors amp Servicing OO N O VI 11 12 13 14 14 Tracerco 4 8 1 Switching the alarm ON OFF iii 30 4 8 2 Selecting the alarm Pericle 31 4 8 3 Seting Alarm Paramete S aaa ai ra aa dup eU ae Ia uo ud ui pa a ead aut uu tit e ba 32 LEVELs 32 FACtors 32 4 8 1 Alarm options for each measurement mode 33 4 8 2 la noluCuUcccen aa anal 33 Adjusting the integration period iii 34 Lokma tiere 50 SEI 36 Using the Instrument taking a NORM mezeurement nnne nnne nnne nnn 37 Faulib THOU SSO UNG T uuu u esta ta atrag tata n lata i rara m 39 Display ranges reading the Screen ii 40 Maintenance and Calibration nennen nennen nennen nsns nsns eee aaa aaa asas s nen aaa eee 41 Ib Di iii ss a otite eat ba 41 0 R n a i a a ul la a aa pai ai aie a 41 1 Ur n bi 41 10 4 Equipment lee uy T En 42 WI FREE a 42 Essential Safety Information For Hazardous A
26. he setting by pressing the Select key The instrument returns to the current measurement mode FACt setting example 1 typ Scintillator on shore Measuring mode cps background Alarm mode FACt Alarm parameter 2 Stored background count 20 cps Result Alarm triggered when displayed reading 2 20cps 2 x background background FACt setting example 2 typ GM probe Measuring mode cps background Alarm mode FACt Alarm parameter 3 Stored background count 0 5 cps Result Alarm triggered when displayed reading 21 cps 3 x background background 32 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 8 1 Alarm options for each measurement mode Table 6 Complete set of alarm options LEBEN mode Alarm IP cR ESR GST UE CS SES IEEE Cos Level Alarm activated when total cps exceeds user configured level 8 cps background Level Alarm activated when cps above background radiation exceeds user configured level cps background Alarm activated when a multiple of background radiation is exceeded Alarm activated when Bq cm exceeds user configured level Alarm activated when total dose rate exceeds user configured level background exceeds user configured level background 4 8 2 Alarm notification The operator is alerted to an alarm condition using a combination of audio visual indicators The alarm indications are summarised in the following table Table 7 Alarm indications 7 Audible al
27. hich would be experienced by a worker at the nearest accessible location to the contaminated item This requirement is satisfied with the Scintillation Probe which can take measurements in units of uSv h or uR h The NORM Monitor IS dose rate output is calibrated by Tracerco against a traceable Cs 137 source See Section 10 3 Table 5 Alarm options when using dose rate for NORM assessment Operating mode Alarm type Alarm activated when total dose rate exceeds user configured level background exceeds user configured level background 3 2 4 Specific activity Specific activity in Bq g is used as the fundamental measure of NORM activity This measurement is performed by Tracerco in laboratory conditions using highly complex measurement instrumentation Contact radiation monitors tracerco com for further details regarding radionuclide spectrum analysis of NORM samples 14 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 3 3 Background Measurement An important aspect which the operator should consider when assessing the relative sensitivities of the two probes is the background radiation level The Geiger Probe will only be significantly affected by very local sources of radiation and will typically display a very low and predictable background count rate whether deployed onshore or offshore A normal background count rate of less than 1 cps is typical The Scintillation Probe has a much greater environmental background cou
28. ible to select an integration mode where the readout is averaged over a period of time thus giving the option to take a more statistically accurate measurement 4 4 1 cps Mode Figure 9 cps readout screen This screen provides a bar graph and digital display indication of the radioactivity detected by the probe in counts per second cps In cps mode the value displayed indicates the total count rate detected by the probe and includes any contribution from environmental background radioactivity The green indicator LED will flash whilst the instrument is counting in this measuring mode 24 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 4 2 cps Minus Background Mode Press the Mode e key to change the measuring units from cps to cps minus background mode The display shows an analogue scale and digital numeral readout The measurement units and mode are indicated by the cos and Background text A In this mode the digital display will show the cps count rate with the last stored background count subtracted Figure 10 Background subtracted CPS screen The value subtracted for background cps will be that held in memory by the instrument The operator may update the background value at any time See section 4 7 A Stored background counts are held for each probe type When the SA50 scintillator probe and SA49 GM probe are interchanged then the corresponding background readings are automatically loaded 4 4 3 Becque
29. ide operational status information Analogue dial representation provides an animated auto ranging readout The meter may be configured to show counts cps or cpm dose rate uSv h or uR h or Bg cm Instrument on off key Push key to turn the monitor power on or off Speaker Alarm key Press to silence audible clicking during radiation measurements Extended press for 3 seconds provides entry to Alarm setting menu See Section 4 8 The key is dual purpose and provides the means to decrease the displayed value in the alarm or integration configuration menus Rate Int Stop key This key allows the operator to select a measurement mode which gives a more statistically accurate result than that using the real time rate method When the key is pressed the instrument will take a measurement over a pre configured period of time for example 17 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 15 seconds The user is presented with a time averaged result on the display which gradually finds a mean value over the duration of the measurement Colour coded LEDs above the instrument s display screen indicate the current status of this measurement process See Section 4 5 for more details on the integration function Select Backlight key The dual function key is used to select options from the alarm and integrate menus as well as activate the display backlight Following activation the backlight will operat
30. in 0 5 increments DUET range displayed at 4000 cps Derived units overload figure dependent upon calibration factors Less than 10 over temperature range 20 to 50 C Variation with temperature 11 47 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 13 7 Hazardous area approval Table 16 Hazardous area approval Certification numbers ATEX certificate reference 12ATEX0209X IECEx certificate reference IECExBAS12 0114X ATEX Equipment mark Il 1G Ex ia IIC T4 Ga 20 C lt Ta 50 C 48 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 14 Appendix 1 Decay Series for Uranium and Thorium A lt lt PR Q 9 9 3 Tracerco Tracerco I L L0 Z0 ars E 9pouu Buipeai o Q junoo 5 ssald fjejueuJo A Bn CO BH 2 Spuooes DIOU o OS pow pubg esoq c o E t 2 punoi9 eg o x SEL o pow soq uoneJedo uano sidnil ul tv uonounj junoo punoJ8xoeg E o o o o Q S o poul puBg sdo O 159 q21 ib a N Sa o 5 52 o 5 3 eqoud c a o 9pouu sdo 2 1 Q spuooes 09 1noeuun yjnejep Jo sepouu UE uoneJ69jur eis s poul WE uoneJ691u dos CN O gt a o Ce Q 5 0 lt St F V0 20 ars o QD S
31. ion equipment This raises the possibility of exposure to personnel from contamination by ingestion of radioactive material when equipment is handled or cleaned during scale removal operations Similarly scale and silt may be deposited in the equipment of onshore terminals where crude oil is delivered from offshore installations via marine pipelines An additional problem may arise in gas production and associated handling systems from the presence of radon gas generated by radium isotopes both in formation rock or water and in LSA NORM scales This radioactive gas can contaminate the production gas to significant levels and will decay to particulate forming radioisotopes such as lead 210 and polonium 210 which can also be deposited in equipment of the gas production system These deposits can be radiologically significant and pose potential hazards to health when equipment is opened up It is not uncommon for significant quantities of unsupported lead 210 or polonium 210 to be transported from a reservoir in the gaseous phase In such circumstances the availability of these radionuclides reflects their chemical and physical properties and the historical levels of the radioactivity which over time have built up in the reservoir 7 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 3 Operational Options The Tracerco NORM Monitor IS has been designed to provide a versatile instrument which will enable the operator to confidently detect and quantify cont
32. ive to the detection of gamma radiation It may also detect the higher energy beta radiation emitted by certain nuclides in the natural activity decay chain A focus on gamma radiation detection sensitivity makes the scintillation probe ideal for measuring radium nuclides and the associated decay chains The probe has been designed to provide optimum radiation collection efficiency without significantly reducing the ruggedness of the probe The nature of the design provides for near 360 degree collection of radiation thus providing an extremely effective monitor for pipe internals Figure 2 Scintillation probe High gamma radiation sensitivity is particularly suited to detecting NORM through pipe or vessel walls where internal monitoring is not possible and access limited to the external surfaces In these situations the probe can be used in an end on configuration to directly monitor against the surface of interest The potential problems associated with the Geiger M ller probe where wet or oily surface contamination of scale limits detection of alpha and beta radiation are largely overcome by the use of the scintillation based probe gamma ray emissions from scale are relatively unaffected by the presence of small quantities of oil and water A An exception to the above is where areas of known Pb 210 deposition exist In this case the GM probe will be more effective 11 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco The Scintilla
33. nal key press locks out the Mode and Select functions thus leaving the operator with a single mode use instrument Having configured the reading mode along with alarm and integration period configuration the user or supervisor may lock the keypad The remaining effective key functions are Rate Int Stop Backlight Log Background Activity click mute toggle Activation de activation of the keypad is illustrated below A Press both keys for 2 10 seconds Keypad locked 2 beeps Press both keys for 10 seconds A Keypad unlocked 3 beeps Figure 20 Keypad lock Note In the case where the Rate Int Stop function is to be disabled during keypad lock then the integration period should be first set to zero See Section 5 36 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 7 Using the Instrument taking a NORM measurement Measurements of radioactivity at levels which are only slightly greater than background are subject to significant statistical uncertainty A more precise result can be achieved by using the monitor in integration mode which allows counts to be accumulated over a fixed time period The total accumulated count is then divided by the sample time to provide a statistically accurate time averaged counts per second or counts per minute or dose rate Operation 1 37 Take background reading required if using background subtraction modes only a Move the probe
34. nce source not found 10 5 Repair Repair of the equipment shall be carried out by suitably trained personnel in accordance with the applicable code of practice e g IEC EN 60079 19 All parts used in the repair of the NORM Monitor IS must be supplied by Tracerco A fthe equipment is likely to come into contact with aggressive substances it is the responsibility of the user to take suitable precautions to ensure the type of protection provided by the equipment is not compromised 42 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 11 Essential Safety Information For Hazardous Areas The NORM Monitor IS handset and probes are safe for use in hazardous areas described in the equipment marking and according to the essential safety information stated below Marking details ATEX Certificate number Baseefa12ATEX0209X IECEx Certificate number IECExBAS12 0114X ATEX Equipment Marking Ex ia IIC T4 Ga 20 C s Ta s 50 C Equipment category Il 1G Approval standards BS EN 60079 0 2012 Explosive atmospheres Equipment General requirements BS EN 60079 11 2012 Explosive atmospheres Equipment protection by intrinsic safety 615 Limitations of hazardous area use ATEX coding Il 1G states that the equipment is for non mining use Il with highest protection 1 for gas G atmospheres Electrical coding Ex ia IIC T4 Ga 20 C S Ta 50 C states that the equipment is intrinsically safe ia for use in zones 0 1 and
35. nt and can be significantly affected by local geology The lowest background values can be achieved in offshore or desert environments but can rise substantially onshore depending on the precise nature of the locality The statistical uncertainty in background must therefore always be considered when determining the sensitivity of the probe to sample radiation in any given situation See Section 4 7 for details on measuring and saving background radiation levels 15 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 Tracerco NORM Monitor IS Functional description 4 1 Handset monitor control keys Indicator LEDs show when the instrument is in normal measurement mode Rate or if an integration measurement is in progress or complete Log Background key Press this to record the local background radiation level Tracerco NORM Monitor Mode key switches between various measurement units Select Backlight key Press to illuminate the screen or enter a menu selection Integrate key starts and stops Power on off key integrated measurements Speaker Alarm key Increment decrement used Turns the clicker in configuration modes sound on off Access to the alarm menu Figure 3 Tracerco NORM Monitor IS key definitions 16 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Analogue Digital Screen Digital readout displays radiation levels detected by the probe in user selectable units The LEDs prov
36. oactive equilibrium all nuclides will be present at the same level of radioactivity The natural decay series are complex and in theory up to 48 separate radionuclides may exist in scales which have been derived from a mixture of the Uranium and Thorium decay products In reality the isotopes of uranium 235 uranium 238 and thorium are rarely detected in scales themselves This is thought to reflect the low solubility of such materials in the water within the reservoir It is more usual to detect the more soluble decay products of each series in the form of radium isotopes and their subsequent daughter products The result of these processes is that NORM contains many different radionuclides which emit a complex mix of alpha beta and gamma radiations The relative amounts of radionuclides from the uranium and thorium decay chains can also vary depending on the history of the reservoir and chemical composition hence scales taken from different locations often exhibit variations in radioactive composition Many of the isotopes in the various decay chains can be seen to have relatively short half lives minutes or hours and if present in isolation would very quickly decay and cease to generate any further radiological hazards These isotopes would technically be described as unsupported but in many cases they continue to remain present with an unchanging level of radioactivity This occurs because they are continuously being produced by other radiois
37. osphor bronze The IP67 enclosure is designed to be hosed down thereby facilitating decontamination A Care should be taken to protect the cable termination plugs during the cleaning process 10 2 Handling Maintenance of the mechanical integrity and antistatic properties of the NORM Monitor IS housing are critical for use in explosive atmospheres While the NORM Monitor IS has a tough design unnecessary impacts abrasions or contact with harmful chemicals should be avoided Tracerco recommend that the monitor and its probes are transported in a suitably robust transit case A The user is advised not to open the NORM Monitor IS or any of its associated probes A The NORM Monitor IS kit has no serviceable parts and should be returned to Tracerco in the event of damage It is essential for safety integrity that repair of this ATEX certified equipment is carried out by qualified personnel in accordance with the appropriate standards and regulations 10 3 Calibration All probes are delivered ready calibrated the calibration data being held in the probe itself and loaded into the handset once connected In surface activity Bq cm mode the Geiger Probe SA49 has been calibrated against traceable plaques of known nuclides The Scintillator Probe 8A50 in dose rate mode is calibrated against a traceable Cs 137 source When measuring dose rates where the source is known to contain Ra 226 the displayed rate will be in the order of 30 below
38. otopes in the decay chain such that there is a constant balance between production and decay leading to a constant level of radioactivity irrespective of the actual half life In this situation the decay scheme would be considered to be in equilibrium and the shorter lived nuclide fully supported by its parent nuclide 2 2 Radioactivity in Oil and Gas Installations Radioactive materials from natural sources may arise in a number of forms within the oil and gas industry A common form of the material is known as Low Specific Activity or Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material LSA NORM scale It frequently arises within oil and gas installations due to a process of selective chemical deposition Radioactive isotopes together with a wide variety of other chemicals may be leached from reservoir rock and become dissolved within the reservoir formation water In oil and gas installations where water injection of seawater is used to promote the recovery of oil the presence of sulphate rich injection waters can give rise to the deposition of barium and strontium sulphate scales These scales may incorporate radioactive isotopes derived from the presence of uranium and thorium in the formation rock and can produce significant scaling of pipework and vessels thereby reducing the flow of liquids and affecting the efficiency of control systems The laydown of radioactive scale can lead to significant external radiation levels on the outside of product
39. reas 3 eee ss s iei iii assssss s 3333333 43 01000 isi 44 Eelere Lu Lo EE 46 13 1 Radiological Type stt 46 ESCH egen elei 46 1001107 P OWO b b ae alta pl ati alari 46 54 Ned 46 15 5 SOEN 47 13 6 Radiological performance iii 47 17 i ducem 47 1362 Geger Muller Probe P W 47 19 7 Hazardous Ee te EE 48 Appendix 1 Decay Series for Uranium and Thorium i 49 Appendix 2 Menu diagrams EE 52 141 CI D OLPTODE sa 52 lidi2 Geiger Probe NEIL Uu ta ii alte area tii i a 53 As ui s a 54 Monitors amp Servicing Tracerco Illustrations Figure 1 Geiger M ller Pancake Probe nnne nnn nnne nnn nnne aaa 9 Figure 2 Scintillation probe eene nnne nenea aan ann eee 11 Figure 3 Tracerco NORM Monitor JS key deimitions sessi 16 Figure 4 Start up Sequence iii 21 Figure 5 COS readout screen 22 Figure 6 Background subtracted CPS screen en nana aaa 23 Figure 7 Dose Rate screen with EEN TEE 23 Figure 8 Dose rate screen with US nennen nennen nnn nnns nnne nsns naar nnne nnns 24 9 GDS TEACOUL cio E 24 Figure 10 Background subtracted CPS ecreen eene a nnne nennen esas naar nnns nnne 25 Figure 11 Radionuclide selection in Bq em mode eene trennt aaa 26 Figure 12 Bq em mode Reading screen with Lead 210 wet selected ie 26 Figure 13 CDS integra
40. rels per cm squared mode Bq cm This mode of operation uses a background subtracted measurement along with a factory set calibration factor in order to calculate the Bq em response The user should ensure that a valid background reading has been logged prior to the target measurement This operating mode is intended for use vvhere a specific nuclide is knovvn to exist in the source of scale contamination to be measured To carry out the measurement the user should select the Bq cm operating mode then select the required nuclide from the follovving list e Hadium 226 vvet Ra226vv Hadium 226 dry Ra226 d Lead 120 wet Pb210vv e Lead 120 dry Pb210 d 25 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 4 3 1 Selecting the radionuclide Select Bq m mode by repeatedly pressing the Mode key Press the Select key to enter the nuclide selection menu Press the Mode key to cycle through the radionuclide options Return to the Ba cm reading screen by pressing the Select key 5 Figure 11 Radionuclide selection in Bq cm mode Figure 12 Bq cm mode Reading screen with Lead 210 wet selected 26 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 5 Integration Function Each of the operating modes detailed in the above sections may utilise the integration measurement function 4 5 1 Example Making an integrated count measurement in cps mode Figure 13 cps integration screen A single press of
41. te momentary operation of the key will toggle the activity click sounder on and off only The screen will display one of the two options shown below depending on current alarm status TE NT DEE Background Hold for 3 seconds Background pe Figure 17 Alarm ON OFF selection 30 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco Pressing the mode key will toggle the alarm ON OFF condition If the screen display shows A OFF pressing 4 the Select key will return the instrument to the measuring mode Note that the alarm activation will only relate to the instrument s current measuring mode i e cps Bq cm or Dose Hate 4 8 2 Selecting the alarm type Having enabled the alarm for the current measurement mode select the type of alarm according to the prescribed NORM assessment procedure See Section 3 2 Pressing the Mode e key will toggle between the LEVEL and FACt options M E FR R FF Le Hold for Enter alarm figure appropriate to 3 seconds current measurement mode Return with alarm disabled and alarm mode in current reading mode gt Mode Return mode where Alarm request originated FACt option available only when a background subtraction mode selected FACE Figure 18 LEVEL FACt selection Return to mode where Alarm request originated SJB 07 01 13 Note FACt option is only availabl
42. the Rate Int Stop key starts the integrated cps measurement The period over which the measurement is recorded the integration period is detailed in Section 4 5 The statistical variation of this count will reduce as the accumulated count increases The operator will see the displayed value gradually stabilise as the counting period progresses The operator may terminate the integration period manually by pressing the Rate Int Stop c key whereupon the latest updated cps value will be displayed The amber integrate LED will flash during the measurement period The red Stop LED will flash following the end of the integration period or after manual termination Figure 14 Integration termination The stop screen gives the opportunity for the user to log the reading before proceeding to the next operation measurement Pressing the Rate Int Stop key a final time will return the instrument to normal real time measurement rate mode visual confirmation being indicated with a flashing green Rate LED 27 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 6 Alarm activation in integration mode Whilst making an integrated measurement alarm activation will not be invoked until after the integration period has expired If at the end of the integration period the alarm level is exceeded then all three indicator LEDs will flash in unison and the sounder will be activated Moving the probe away from the source to a position where
43. the radiation is below the alarm threshold will disable the sound but leave the LEDs flashing The audio and visual alarm operation is summarised in the following illustration See also Section 4 8 2 Alarm notification table Rate Mode Alarm enabled Level 8 0uSv Integration mode Alarm enabled Level 8 0uSv Start of int period End of integration period 4 x normal flash rate 4 x normal flash rate 92 Alarm enabled 97 Alarm triggered Visual alarm integration mode only RATE INT STOP P Audible alarm Figure 15 Alarm operation with Integration mode 28 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 4 7 Background Measurement It is good practice to update the background value held in the instrument at regular intervals particularly where there has been a significant change in the environment where monitoring work is being carried out or where the operator is uncertain of the value held in memory The measurement takes 60 seconds and thus provides a statistically accurate count value for use with background subtraction measurement modes A If using more than one probe type ensure that a background reading is taken for each type ie SA50 8 SA49 Press the Log Back ground key The display will begin to flash indicating that a background measurement is in progress The data presented represents a running average of the current measurement Log Back Ground Q Return to reading mode Figure 16
44. tion Probe can measure in units of cps or dose rate The dose rate response is calibrated against a nationally traceable caesium 137 source A The Scintillation Probe dose rate output is designed specifically for the methods of NORM screening required by North American regulators General dose rate surveys using the probe are not recommended The response of all scintillation detectors vary with radiation energy and the gamma ray energies associated with caesium 137 are significantly different to those arising from NORM See calibration details in Section 10 3 12 Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 3 2 NORM assessment criteria There are various measures of the radiological significance of NORM The assessment criteria favoured by local regulators regarding NORM limits can vary from region to region The NORM Monitor IS is designed so that it will accommodate all current assessment criteria For each assessment criteria the NORM Monitor IS provides user configurable alarms which can be set to reflect the local rule PASS FAIL criteria See section 4 8 for alarm setting options The range of known assessment criteria is described in the following section A The operator should always seek guidance from the designated RPA RSO or RPS when selecting an instrument for measuring NORM and observe local procedures in relation to any planned radiation monitoring operations 3 2 1 Assessment using cos measurement The NORM Monitor
45. tion screen EE 27 Figure 14 Integration termination i 27 Figure 15 Alarm operation with Integration mode e 28 Figure 16 Background measurement EE 29 Figure 17 Alarm ON OFF selection abs ii areale pia af sa ie alia 30 Fig re 18 LEVEL 7 PAGESeIGCHOD semaca data te boat ala aa Dai a lalea ti 31 Figure 19 Integration period Confguraion ei 34 FB 20 but RR TO TR 36 Figure 21 Quick start guide to measurement see nennen nennen nnne nnne rn 37 Figure 22 Display in e EE 40 Figure 23 U 238 Decay cham ii 49 Figure 24 U235 Decay Cham 50 Figure 25 Thorium 232 Decay Chain eene nnne nens sese ener n nnns nna nns 51 Figure 26 Complete scintillator probe men 52 Figure 27 Complete Geiger probe menu 53 Figure 28 Complete alarm men 54 Tables Fable SOS yu T 5 Table 2 Measurement options for Drobes ii 8 Table 3 Alarm options when using cps for NORM aesesement eee eee eee 13 Table 4 Alarm options when using Bq em for NORM assessment aaa 14 Table 5 Alarm options when using dose rate for NORM assessment eee 14 Table 6 Complete set of alarm options nenea na nnaaaa 33 Table 7 Alarm d yz 191050 0 0 ta at Bta a
46. to a location which will represent the background radiation datum point for the site and not influenced by the source to be measured Log b Press Log Background se key as shown below c Wait until the red LED flashes Press Rate Int Stop C to return to real time rate display ze A Press to interrupt or wait for audio indication and stop led flash to complete background measurement Press again to return to Rate Live Rate mode Figure 21 Quick start guide to measurement Monitors amp Servicing A Tracerco 2 Select units Using the Mode t key cycle through the various options associated with each probe type For the SA 50 scintillation probe the options are Cps Cps with background subtracted usv h uSv h with background subtracted 3 Press Rate Int Stop key This will start the measurement as indicated by the flashing amber LED The instrument will complete the measurement once the pre set integration period has elapsed See Section 5 Setting Integration Period The user may also interrupt this measurement by pressing the Rate Int Stop key 4 Red LED flashes The measurement is complete The measurement will continue to be displayed until the user presses the Rate Int Stop The instrument will now return to a live real time display as indicated by the flashing green LED 5 If at the end of the integration period the alarm level is exceeded then all
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