- Nefisco
Contents
1. 13 Figure TO The stUet reor TEST asien 15 Figure TT The ien een 16 Figure 12 Local and GIFT tilapia of the same 17 Figure T5 Tone Tilapia mens 18 Figure 14 The Economic menu sassen S Aa EN REARS 21 Figure 1 52 Farm Gale plices 2 een ka 26 Figure 16 Example of average weight at harvest obtained from 10 simulations OL ONE DON A E T UIT 28 Figure 17 Example of net yields kg ha year obtained from 10 simulations of one PONO een 29 Figure 18 Example of relative biomass obtained from 10 simulations of one Figure 19 Example of cost revenue and profit obtained from 10 simulations of one pond on a ha 30 Figure 20 Example of the development of the average weight in one SIMU TP CREME NES 31 Figure 21 Example of the development of the net yields in one simulation 32 Figure 22 Example of the development of the relative biomass in one ETO 32 Figure 23 Example of the development costs revenues and profits of one 33 Foure 24 Start OBtIIMISb ana 34 Figure 25 The Optimise 35 Figure 26 Results of running the Optimise 39 Figure 27 Using the results of Optimise again2. En rue ra nm Came uada n pd bt Bundesminister um par E B infodpod adve ur MD XD LEER rd Da nic sho his atthe sted gihe paisane sspe a Be Figure 9 The second introduction page If you want to read the introduction again later go in the main menu to Help and double click on Introduction AS THE STRUCTURE OF TFST Before we present the details of the different menus of TFST we will explain to you the main structure and how TFST works TFST consists of three main programs Figure 10 o The database This contains all the information you provided on your pond the type of tilapia the second species in your pond type of feed prices investments etc This data is used in the simulation of the optimisation program o The simulation program This is the main program which simulates your pond after you have provided the needed details Here you can simulate one setting for your pond and rearing system precisely and the results can be displayed with a number of graphics If you want to see if there are alternative options which give higher financial benefits then you ll have to run the optimisation program o The optimisation program Here you can look for better alternatives The main settings you used in the simulation program are automatically exported to this progr
3. nee 38 RESUNSOTODLIMISE M 38 SAVING TUBES maar 40 Saving Ihe results OF VoU TUS exe sacs sans 40 Saving the graphics of your results a S aene 41 AN EXAMP DE 42 Koffi Gombo from Ivory 42 Main menu Tilapia type ai ieee 43 Economics 43 Economic menu inputs and feed 44 Economic Menu Farm Gate 46 CUI STIG ee 47 THE SCIENTIFIC VERSIONOFTFST a bu 52 ACKNOWEEBDGEMENTS an aka 53 REFERENGES ae een 54 ANNEX T BASIC SETTINGS ovren aan 55 LIST OF FIGURES Figure lNStallng TES T aeri R 9 Figure 2 Installation Terras a 9 Figure 3 Installation pop up 2 10 Figure 4 Installatlon Pop UpBenana von eve edu aoa ves EE VA ainsi 10 Figure 5 Installation pop up 4 nuuuennnnennnneennnnenennnnennennnnn nenne nenne nnnnn nennen 11 Figure 6 Installation pop up 5 neuen nennen 11 Figure 7 Installation Lee n ea o OR Mob x eta bk 12 Figure e Installation POP UP Tasse a 12 Figure 9 The second introduction
4. Snakahaad Figure 15 Farm gate prices Click on Ok once you have provided all the economic details of your farm the data will be saved and you will return to the main menu For example to your neighbour fish farmer 26 POND AND SIMULATION SETTINGS Hun parameters You are almost ready to start your Pond size m2 simulation In the Run parameters Number of rearing days provide Number of simulations o The size of your pond or farm m o The number of days you raise your fish o The number of simulations you want to carry out One simulation is a complete rearing cycle With 10 simulations you repeat the simulation ten times with the same settings and TFST shows you the ranges of the results A set of several simulations is called a run in TFST Click Start to start your simulation and a bar will Action appear indicating the progress of your TEST Simulating simulation With small ponds it takes 1 2 pu minutes to complete a simulation run But m I the larger your farm the more time it takes to complete a run which is the reality of TFST as it is based on Individual Based modelling and follows each individual fish in your pond Once the run is completed the progress bar disappears and you see that the graphics menu E OCA becomes brighter and Emaan z mem avenge Weebl pe poup you can visualize the results of the simulati
5. TILAPIA FARMING SUPPORT TOOL TFST 1 0 USERS MANUAL Pati V i TC NOVEMBER 2003 Deutsche Gesellschaft f r Technische Zusammenarbeit GTZ GmbH A9 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD yarara A 5 INSTALLING TFS Tessin ae een 8 ARTING LTF O Ten 13 SIRUCTORE OF TFS ns na 14 Pe E MENG EE 16 Type 16 TY 18 Predator VDE 19 monje MP 20 MAG IMG IU m 21 Investment and Labor seiner aan ee 22 Hpurand 23 CCS 25 Pond and simulation settings eisium a EEN 27 Visualizing the results of your simulation 27 Results of a Complete RUN ccccceecccecsseceeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeseseeeeeesaeeens 28 Results of an Individual Simulation 02222002220002200 nennen 31 OPTIMISING THE RESULTS OF YOUR 34 Optimisirig WIT predator anne ansehe ti bna tutes ats 36 Optimising with all male fingerlings 37 Optimising for the number of days 37 Optimising for different types of feed 37 SIarEODUITIISO a
6. g The second step is to provide the density and type mixed with predator the weight of the stocked predator Predator Predator density no per rm 2 For the African catfish you can stock up to 1 Predator weight 5 fingerling per m 10 000 per ha and the maximum stocking density for African snakeheads is set at 0 1 fingerling per m 1000 per ha Above these values the results are not coherent with the reality in the field NOTE Here TFST has a geographical problem as it was developed with data from the African continent In some countries of Asia Southeast Asia and South America the African catfish is imported and raised in ponds and you can use this setting if fingerlings are available For the African snakehead it is more complicated as they are only found on the African continent For Asia and Southeast Asia the snakehead settings could be representative for the use of the Asian snakehead Channa Striatus The efficiency of predation for the African snakehead or the Asian snakehead is more or less in the same order but for growth we do not know So please realize that TFST is not calibrated for this option and results can be unreliable We need your co operation to solve this and include more predators in updated versions of FTST FEED TYPE Selecting the type of feed you use is straightforward just select one from the menu You can define one type yourself if
7. your tilapia fingerlings for example if you use GIFT tilapia then also give the price of GIFT fingerlings The prices are NOT UPDATED AUTOMATICALLY if you change the Tilapia type or stocking weights in the main menu Input costs for local Tilapia Price of Tilapia and predator fingerlings Weight gr Cost AR Tilapia mised male and Female 25 per piece 0 80 Tilapia all male sex reversed 25 per piece 2 00 Tilapia all male hand sexed 25 per piece 3 60 Cathish 30 per piece 2 00 Snakehead 30 per piece 2 00 Feed Prices Providing the feed costs is straightforward just fill in the different cells with the price per ton of feed TFST converts it automatically into the feed cost per 24 ton of fish harvested from your pond and adapts the growth rate of your fish to the protein content of your feed You can define your own feed If it is not in the predefined list enter the name of your feed and the percentage of protein it contains the latter based on dry matter Feed costs ice AAR ton __ Cost fish high quality dry pellet feed s0000 3000 00 home made feed eno 2000 00 soybean meal 2560 00 cotton seed cake 48000 2400 00 dried chicken dung 3200 00 groundnut cake 0000 2000 00 mustard oil cake 3200 00 wheat bran gluten 2400 00 rice bran za 3200 00 Feed from Baba Percentage protei 2 1848 25 Please Note I
8. ic Ars serais Tour You Imestmen snd lisboa put and feed Fangsie prar cose For iooal Price of and pedair tinged linge ichi or Til aci aid liore 3 Tiaia set 35 Ties all male hend wied 35 Eslizh 15 per 10000 Erakehasj 15 mer men 10000 Feed cosis Pres LEA Vien Cost fsh high quality dy pellet feed 541500 hane inside feed 54500 00 1500000 30720 00 colton ated cake inu 505336 digd cFickan dung 112205 groundnut eaa 7916 00 mara En 256 wheal bran uber 535250 00 ica bran como 5E B 00 aw Sara Figure 31 Inputs and feed costs of Mr Koffi 45 Economic Menu Farm Gate Prices The situation in my country is particular as we like to eat large fish and it is difficult to sell small fish unless they are really cheap For my fish can fetch the following prices Very small tilapia 0 20 g 10 CFA kg Fingerlings 20 50 g 500 CFA kg or 18 CFA per piece Small tilapia 50 120 g 700 CFA kg Medium sized tilapia 120 200 g 1000 CFA kg Large tilapia 200 g and bigger 1200 CFA kg Catfish 1000 CFA kg Snakehead 1000 CFA kg entere
9. in the main menu 39 Figure 28 saving your data Tiles seisseto ra EEE ENER 40 Figure 29 Mr Koffi s ponds under construction 42 Figure 30 Investments of Mr Koffi sees 43 Figure 31 Inputs and feed costs of Mr 45 Figure 32 Farm gate prices of Mr 46 Figure 33 Results of the first optimising of Mr 47 Figure 34 Results of optimising with African Catfish for Mr Koffi 48 Figure 35 Results of the run with catfish 49 Figure 36 Results of optimising with all male hand sexed fingerlings 50 Figure 37 results of optimising with all male sex reversed fingerlings 51 FOREWORD Gertian de Graaf NEFISCO Amsterdam the Netherlands and Pieter Dekker Xi Delft the Netherlands developed an Individual Based Tilapia Farming Simulation Model The development of this model is the result of G J de Graaf s experiences with large scale farming of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in Congo Brazzaville during a FAO UNDP aquaculture project In Congo Brazzaville use of proper feeding and stocking regimes led to productions of 6 8 t ha yr and elimination of the famous tilapia stunting was not a problem These results were
10. 5 15 477 30 29 Maintenance Once you have constructed your farm you have to carry out maintenance continuously to keep it in good order As a standard TFST calculates maintenance cost as 3 of the investment costs but you can change this figure if you think it is higher Maintenance costs Maintenance and replacements Cost ZAA Fish Farm j 600 00 Equipment 45 00 Labor You need people to run your farm This can be yourself family members or hired staff but in all cases it costs you money TFST makes a division in Skilled and Unskilled labor Skilled labor for example a general manager is needed if you have a large farm In the menu you enter the salary to pay per day and the number of persons you employ again calculated per hectare TFST converts it automatically into annual costs per hectare Labour costs Price day Ferson ha Cost Skilled labour 3 00 01 1168 00 Unskilled labour 15 00 1 5475 00 L T Input and Feed Fingerlings and feed are often the major costs and you enter these costs in the submenu Input and feed DS Fingerling Prices Fingerling prices are the price per fish and there are five categories as discussed before Tilapia mixed male and female Tilapia all sex reversed Tilapia all male hand sexed Catfish Snakehead ae op YS Note please make sure the prices conform to the type and weight of
11. 65 1583 kg 447 kg 3167 kg 806074 00 CFA 464941 00 CFA 532650 00 CFA 447066 00 CFA 2350631 00 CFA 236278 00 CFA Figure 34 Results of optimising with African Catfish for Mr Koffi save this option and run it again in the main menu to identify the problem After running this scenario in the main menu it is clear Figure 35 that the stocked females only reach a weight of about 100 120 gram at harvest so most likely it is better not to stock females and only use all male fingerlings on my farm TENET eSI CHE 1 onl T HEFISCO 7 Si 2 Fie Eck Help ilL In J a pia cce ir e ERU so Basic inpet parameters Tipi type Tipi l Daire pps mied with pedo 7 Fragsior Predator density ro per m 2 03 Fradakor weight g 15 Feedyype sten men amp TOCKFI FEMALES Economics lum coast Ran parameter size Im 2 E000 Humber of tearing z256 Humber ol simulations J Graphics releciiom Run vana final Haigh harvest l vataga weight per group Figure 35 Results of the run with catfish The alternative is to use all male fingerlings so start optimise again and select All male hand sexed 360 days with soybean meal as feed The results Figure 36 are much better now as am producing 3792 kg of fish and make a profit of 996 904 CFA per rearing cycle of 25
12. 9 days Without tax 49 Tilapia Farming Support Tool Optimization settings ic NEFISCO xi 2003 ES Accelerators E Enter your preferences and start optimize Three best scenarios acid Culture type for local Optimal scenario settings mised no predator You use mixed with predator Culture type all male hand sexed all male sex reversed Stack type lacal Tilapia all male hand sexed weight 33 ur Reati iod Number 11000 pieces a Predator type none Masimum number of days Weight gr Number H pieces Feed type sovbean meal Amount 2263 kg Number of days 259 Food types high quality dry pellet feed home made feed v soybean meal cotton seed cake Your costs dried chicken dung Feed costs 1322021 00 CFA Fish casts sab OC CEA Operational costs 99761700 CFA Total 3144638 00 CFA groundnut cake mustard oil cake wheat bran gluten tice bran You sell Bobo feed Large Tilapia 3059 kg 360582 00 CFA Medium Tilapia 195 19518400 CFA Small Tilapia Bar kg 27577500 CFA Predator ka 0 00 CFA Total 3792 kg 4141542 00 CFA Profit 996904 00 CFA Figure 36 Results of optimising with all male hand sexed fingerlings The last option is to look at the use of sex reversed all male fingerlings Figure 37 would still make a profit of 638 296 CFA per rearing cycle but here the major bottlen
13. African catfish will increase my yield to 3164 kg of which 447 kg is the catfish use 0 3 catfish fingerlings per m but am still going bankrupt due to the large quantity of small tilapia am producing Tilapia Farming Support Tool Optimization settings Accelerators NEFISCO 7 xi 2003 Bel Three best scenarios acid E Enter your preferences and start optimize Culture type for local Tilapia mixed no predator WM mixed with predator male sex reversed male hand sexed Hearing period Maximum number of days 360 Food types high quality dry pellet feed home made feed v soybean meal cotton seed cake dried chicken dung amundnut cake mustard oil cake wheat bran gluten rice bran Bobo feed Predator settings for Catf sh v from step 01 01 1 0 m 02 Density range Optimal scenario settings You use Culture type Stock type Wi eight Number Predator type Weight Number Feed type Amount Number of days Your costs Feed costs Fish costs Operational costs Total You sell Large Tilapia Medium Tilapia Small Tilapia Predator Total Profit mixed with predator local Tilapia 38 ar 11000 pieces Cathish 15 ar 1500 pieces soybean meal 6302 256 1104291 00 CFA 485000 00 CFA 997617 00 CFA 2586908 00 CFA 4
14. Cost ZAR Falip Fish la ra 600 00 Egupmert 3 42 00 Labi costs Unit hs Cor PA Tb Ln Sklad bow 01 1168 00 Liskllad labour 1 00 Figure 14 The Economic menu 91 Investment and Labor In this submenu you provide information on your investment maintenance and labor costs of your farm Please note that TFST calculates on a hectare basis which means that you have to convert all your costs here i e your pond is 100 m or 0 01 ha and the construction costs for this pond were 200 ZAR Therefore your construction costs for TFST are 20000 ZAH ha If your pond is 5000 m or 0 5 ha and your investments were 1250000 CFA then your construction costs were 2500000 CFA ha etc Investments For your investments you provide o Investments made to construct your pond o Investments made in equipment needed to operate your farm o Amortization period the time period needed to pay off the investments or for equipment that has to be replaced completely at the end of the time period o Interest rate the annual interest rate you pay to the bank NGO if you borrowed the money Even if you constructed the farm with your own money you have to indicate the interest rate TFST automatically converts all your values into costs per hectare per year Investment Investment ZAA ha Amortization ur Interest Cost Fish farm 0000 00 20 15 3195 23 Equipment 1600 00
15. Please note the phrase Culture type for local Tilapia on top of the input menu It means that in the main menu the local strain was selected as your Tilapia type If in the main menu GIFT tilapia is selected you will see here Culture type for GIFT Tilapia This means that Optimise ONLY calculates with the selected tilapia type setting It cannot compare between a local and GIFT strain tilapia If you want to compare the two you have to run Optimise two times once for the local strain and again for the GIFT strain The Optimise menu opens with the standard scenario mixed no predator 300 rearing days and high quality feed but you can replace with your own preferences OPTIMISING WITH A PREDATOR If you click the check box Mixed with predator a new menu appears below in the menu The predator settings Again you see that it is the setting either for catfish or for snakehead depending on your selection in the main menu In this menu you can indicate how you want to search for alternatives if you intend to use a predator in your pond Predator settings for Cathish Predator settings for 5nakehead f from step to Fixed f from step to Density range loz 0 1 IE B2 Density range 002 0 01 005 v 0 02 Density range you can search with a fixed stocking density of your predator or you can select a range of stocking d
16. a picture file by File gt Print plot or by clicking on the Printer button g The save a picture menu will automatically pop up and you can save the file as a Bitmap file bmp 41 AN EXAMPLE To familiarize you with TFST in this chapter we present you an example Note TFST includes variation so your results of this exercise can differ slightly from the one presented here in the manual KOFFI GOMBO FROM IVORY COAST My name is Koffi Gombo am living in Ivory Coast and constructing 10 ponds of 500 m each in my home village Figure 29 Mr Koffi s ponds under construction Before start running my farm want to find the best way to do it and will use TFST to give me an idea To carry out this example open the file Ivory Coast sim 42 In TFST use the following parameters Main menu Tilapia type will use a local tilapia as we do not have a strain GIFT in Ivory Coast and will stock my pond with fingerlings of 35 grams Economics menu Investments The currency in my country is the CFA 2 The name of my country is Ivory Coast 3 To construct one pond of 500 m pay 250 000 CFA The construction of the 10 ponds cost me 2 500 000 CFA or 5 000 000 CFA ha To run the farm bought scales buckets a seine net wheelbarrows etc this cost me 25 000 CFA or 50 000 CFA ha For the construction of the ponds borrowed money from the local commercial bank and have to p
17. aaf et al in press This scientific version has more options this as the standard settings can be changed it can be adapted to use it for other species or it can be used for prey predator modelling in fisheries For more information on the scientific version please contact Nefisco or Xi Info Xi advies nl Info Nefisco org bzw 52 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First we would like to thank GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft f r Technische Zusammenarbeit German Technical Cooperation for their financial support to develop this user friendly version of the original Tilapia Simulation Model and offer special thanks to Mrs Maike Walthemath of GTZ for making this happen Further we would like to thank Mr Jean Pierre Marquet and Mr Joris Colman from the PAPPE project in Ivory Coast for providing data for the examples and Mrs Tami Brunk for editing of this manual 53 REFERENCES de Graaf G J Galemoni F and Banzoussi B 1996 Successful recruitment control of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus by the African catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 and the African snakehead Ophiocephalus obscuris A biological analyses Aquaculture 146 85 100 de Graaf G J and Janssen H 1996 Artificial reproduction and pond rearing of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus in sub Saharan Africa A handbook FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No 362 Rome FAO 73 pp de Graaf G J Galemoni F and Huisman E A 1999 The r
18. al In sing no pejska Vaca ined peda Culture Ende pta sed Blcok EF Jal ran Fard weigh Hearing period use dened teed lapa npud zn Ole Fadala Lag bl Nurmis Feed me Air kunbia dapi Yam Faed osk Fh costs Operahoral nash Total You seli Large Tapia Hajin Tiss Emal Tos Pesdaki IST OO pamere bs Tag E El Figure 27 Using the results of Optimise again in the main menu 39 SAVING FILES SAVING THE RESULTS OF YOUR RUNS You can save your settings once you have found your optimal settings Go to File gt Save in the top left corner of the main screen or click on the save button The save menu will pop up and we recommend you save your data in the data subdirectory Figure 28 saving your data files To open your files again go to File gt Open or click on the Open file button and select the file you want to run again TFST only saves your settings and not the generated data as this usually results in huge files 40 SAVING THE GRAPHICS OF YOUR RESULTS Once you have completed a simulation and displayed the results as a graph you can save this graph as
19. am You can select other rearing systems and different types of feed look at the number of days you culture your fish different stocking rates etc and see if this improves the financial performance After running Optimise you can display the three best options Gold Silver and Bronze Then the settings of the selected option are automatically exported to the main screen of the simulation program where you can do a new precise simulation with this setting MAIN MENU SIMULATION OPTIMSATION Here you can optimise You can simulate your rearing system your pond with by selecting different precise setlirigs Pe and see Ehe results through a number of plots fish feeding costs decem gra phics zz DATABASE This contains all th information you provide on your pond your Gold scenario Figure 10 The structure of TFST Once TFST is started you will notice a MSDOS screen is operating in the background TFST This is part of the stand alone version of TFST made in Matlab and has no further function for you If TFST crashes you will see here an indication what went wrong in the software If this is the case please send us the lines displayed in this screen THE MAIN MENU Once you have started TFST you arrive in the main simulation menu In this main screen Figure 11 you can set the basics of a simulation such as 1 The type of tilapia you use The culture system i
20. ay an annual interest rate of 2096 6 Replacement and maintenance is 396 per year 7 My two nephews will operate the farm and will pay them 1100 CFA 8 per day My farm is 0 5 ha operated by two nephews so need four persons ha do not need skilled labor for my farm entered these values in the Investments menu Figure 30 Figure 30 Investments of Mr Koffi 43 Economic menu inputs and feed In my district can buy mixed fingerlings all male hand sexed fingerlings catfish and snakehead fingerlings All male sex reversed fingerlings are available from a specialized hatchery located 200 km from my village Fingerlings Weight g Price CFA per piece Mixed male and females 35 35 All male hand sexed 35 75 All male sex reversed 35 150 Catfish 15 100 Snakehead 15 100 All feed types are available and in Bobo town a Tilapia feed made of cottonseed cake copra cake and wheat bran is available It has a protein content of 30 and costs 140 000 CFA ton The other prices for feed are Feed type CFA ton High quality Tilapia pellet 250 000 Home made Tilapia feed 150 000 Soy bean meal 160 000 Cotton seed cake 180 000 Dried chicken dung 20 000 Ground nut cake 160 000 Mustard oil cake 160 000 Wheat bran 100 000 Rice bran 60 000 7 Difficult to get 44 The values entered in the Input and feed menu are presented in Figure 31 Tilapia Farming 5uppect Tool Economic settings
21. d these values in the Farm gate prices menu Figure 32 iq NEFBSCO u Fie Accelecon Tour Du ier icy name ers Dane Inpul and Fama pri ce Fangale pisce Tami Fran lal Amen LEA LET aal mie i Em w E up jig Crassus Ede Ul 70000 scdikh 12D 200 1000 00 0 gt pace pieska Fran fal DFO 100 ar 1001 00 Era 100 1001 00 Figure 32 Farm gate prices of Mr Koffi 46 Optimising First want to know what will be the best feed to use So optimise for mixed culture 360 days and all the feed types except dried chicken dung as this is very difficult to get Optimising takes some time as the farm has an area of 5000 m But after a while the results are displayed Figure 33 and it indicates that will produce 2695 kg of fish in one rearing cycle of 256 days The best feed to use is soybean meal because it is relatively cheap and has a high protein content However it also indicates that will go bankrupt because produce too many small tilapia which are fetching a low price at the market Tilapia Farming Support Tool Optimization settings NEFISCO Xi 2003 Bi Accelerators E Enter your preferences and start optimize Three best scenarios Culture type for local Ti
22. e mixed mixed with a predator all male Information on the predator if you use one The type of feed you use Financial information and prices The size of your pond The number of days you keep the fish in your pond O eee der The number of simulations you want to carry out Details on each function are provided in the following paragraphs n s VES pes gno Figure 11 The Main menu TILAPIA TYPE TFST operates with two types of tilapia Figure 12 1 local strain of tilapia which is the common tilapia used for years in your area 2 A Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia GIFT strain developed by ICLARM and a number of fisheries research stations The growth of this strain is much higher if compared with local strains However they are at present only produced in a limited number of countries Figure 12 Local and GIFT tilapia of the same age In the tilapia menu you indicate the type of tilapia you want to use and the weight of the tilapia fingerlings you stock YOU Tilapia type local Tilapia enter this menu by clicking on the green arrow http Awww worldbank org html cgiar newsletter Oct94 SupTil html gt 17 Tilapia Farming Support Tool Stock settings NEFISCO Xi 2003 Accelerators Set the values for the Tilapia you use Stocking parameters Information Weight stacked Tila
23. eck is the price of the sex reversed fingerlings 50 Tilapia Farming Support Tool Optimization settings NEFISCO 7 Xi 2003 Bel Accelerators E Enter your preferences and start optimize Three best scenarios gold Culture type for local Tilapia A r Optimal scenario settings mixed predator You use mixed with predator Culture type all male sex reversed all male sex reversed stack type local Tilapia male hand sexed weight 35 gr Humber 11000 pieces Hearing period SS 1 Predator type nare Masimum number of days Weight ar Number H pieces Feed type sovbean meal Amount 5433 kg Number of days 260 Food types high quality dry pellet feed home made teed v soybean meal cotton seed cake Your costs dried chicken dung Feed costs 1349276 00 CFA Fish costs 1650000 00 CFA Operational costs 99761700 CFA Total 3996833 00 CFA groundnut cake mustard oil cake wheat bran gluten bran You sell Bobo feed Large Tilapia 3930 kg 4596281 00 CFA Medium Tilapia 38 ka 3rB35 00 CFA Small Tilapia 2 1213 00 CFA Predator kg 0 00 CFA Total 38 0 kg 4655189 00 CFA Profit 636296 00 CFA Figure 37 results of optimising with all male sex reversed fingerlings 51 THE SCIENTIFIC VERSION OF TFST The development of TFST was based on the Individual Based Tilapia Farming model developed by Nefisco and Xi de Gr
24. ed Qu START OPTIMISE Start Optimise by clicking the Optimise button on the right side Optimize below in the screen After clicking the Optimise bar will pop up indicating the number of simulations that will be made and the progress of the simulation process TEST Simulating simulation of 21 RESULTS OF OPTIMISE Once Optimise is ready with the calculations the best results the gold scenario will be automatically displayed Figure 26 In the example displayed an optimisation was made for mixed no predator all male sex reversed and all male hand sexed 360 days of rearing and a wide range of feed available The results indicate that using all male sex reversed fingerlings rearing them for 263 days and feeding them with our own defined feed will give the highest profit of 690 ZAR for one rearing cycle of the pond farm Select the Silver or Bronze to display Three best scenarios the second best or third option j By clicking on the OK button below right on the screen the displayed option will be automatically saved in the main menu settings Figure 26 Figure 27 and you can run this scenario to get information that is more precise 38 ice MEFISCO CIEN Be Three beit sc ened os Tilagea Fate Supp Tool Upmann Hingi Erie vou ever rm chert aphinios Dultuse tape for focal Tdapis 1 Optim
25. ense agreement below and select Agree if you agree with its berms and conditions Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of TFST Nefisco foundation as well as si assume no responsibility For errors or omissions In event will Nehsco or zrconsult will be liable Far direct indirect special incidental ar consequential damages arising aut of the use of or inability to use TFST even if advised of the possibility of such damages Specifically Nefisco as well as Xi consult iz not responsible for any costs including but nat limited to those incurred as a result of lost profits revenue lose al use of TFST the cost of recovery of information or data claims by third parties or other similar costs do not agree Figure 4 Installation pop up 3 210 4 Select the subdirectory for the installation or agree with the standard setting click Next Tilapia Farming Support Tool s files will be installed in the following directory C Program Files TFST Disk space needed 29 Mb Available disk space 16565 Click Next ta continue Figure 5 Installation pop up 4 5 Create this new sub directory click Yes Tilapia Farming Support Tool Install Program ES Fo 2 The destination director doesn t exist Do want it ta created Figure 6 Installation pop up 5 LT 6 Start installation click Sta
26. ensities 0 1 1 0 per m 1000 10 000 per ha for catfish or 0 01 0 1 per m 100 1000 per ha for snakehead 36 Weight in the Main Menu TFST automatically defaults to the weight of the predator you entered in the main menu OPTIMISING WITH ALL MALE FINGERLINGS You can optimise for the use of all male fingerlings sex reversed or hand sexed if you have indicated in the main economic menu that you can buy them If so just click the check box and continue with the types of feed you want to use OPTIMISING FOR THE NUMBER OF DAYS During the optimisation you can see If Rearing period Maximum number of days increasing or decreasing the number of rearing days will have an impact on the financial performance Just select in the Rearing period the maximum number of days you want to raise your fish and Optimise will use the range from 90 this maximum number of days OPTIMISING FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEED Here the same as with the fingerlings you can only optimise for a certain feed type if you have indicated in the main menu that you have access to it and provided a price for it Click the check boxes to select the feed types you want to incorporate during the optimisation Food types v high quality dry pellet feed home made feed soybean meal cotton seed cake dried chicken dung groundnut cake mustard oil cake wheat bran gluten rice bran user defined fe
27. eproductive biology of pond reared Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Aquaculture Research 30 25 33 de Graaf G J Dekker P Huisman E A and Verreth J in press Simulation of the pond rearing of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus through Individual Based modelling based on population dynamics Aquaculture Research 54 ANNEX 1 BASIC SETTINGS For the scientists experts using TFST major basic settings are Growth according to the von Bertalanfy growth curve Linfinitif cm K year Tilapia males 32 5 1 73 Tilapia females 23 0 Feed conversion according to crude protein level of feed CV 0 523 protein 19 015 Based on the data below Feedtype Conversion factor Crude protein DM High Quality Tilapia dry pelletfeed 1 7 30 Home made Tilapia feed 3 30 Soybean meal 4 35 Cotton seed cake 5 26 Dried chicken dung 5 24 Groundnut cake 5 23 Mustard oil cake 5 30 Wheat bran gluten 6 25 Rice bran 10 12 Growth adaptation according to crude protein level of feed K Kmax Ln protein 0 0821 55
28. lapia r Optimal scenario settings v mixed no predator You use Culture type mixed no predator all male sex reversed Stack type lacal Tilapia male hand sexed weight 35 gr Number 11000 pieces Hearing period D PETE A Predator type nare asimum number of days 360 Weight gr ZZ z u Number H pieces Feed type sovbean meal Amount 5873 kg Mumber af days 256 To mixed with predator Food types Iv high quality dry pellet feed Iv home made feed v soybean meal v cotton seed cake Your costs dried chicken dung Feed costs 339638 00 CFA I groundnut cake Fish costs 385000 00 CFA Operational costs 997617 00 CFA W mustard ail cake v wheat bran gluten Total 2322315 00 CFA W rice bran You sell Bobo feed Large Tilapia kg 75321300 CFA Medium Tilapia 482 kg 48201 00 CFA Small Tilapia 1580 kg 63146700 CFA Predator ka 0 00 CFA Total 2695 1872751 00 CFA Profit 449564 00 CFA Figure 33 Results of the first optimising of Mr Koffi 47 An alternative would be to use catfish as a predator optimise again with mixed with a predator catfish 360 days soybean meal as feed and select a stocking range of 0 1 1 for the catfish density Optimising takes even longer than the first time as it has to calculate 10 scenarios one for each stocking density of catfish Rearing tilapia with the
29. lation 2 m i Simulation 3 individual simulation you must first select the Simulation 4 simulation number in the right menu and the Simulation Simulation 7 Simulation 8 type of graph from the right menu below Sen Simulation 10 Examples of the four types of graphs are Average weight Der group i Net welds over time presented below Relative biomass over time Hevenue Average weight per group mz teme rerulmas imas predalor 100 120 no gl rear rig days Figure 20 Example of the development of the average weight in one simulation ita jai jid uF al nean ye a Diei lived eda Precor or Cash apes Predici x hgh maty dy ale Eee Elk peel es Pered rius 2 Hundes ol ips cl arena a BE TH 150 10 T T Gat nad earning des irae 3 Ti m ach Urna Figure 21 Example of the development of the net yields in one simulation EB DES nas recruit mae E recruit fenae predamr 100 120 na alreanng das Figure 22 Example of the development of the relative biomass in one simulation 255 cost profit m a 5 ES T d 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 no of rearing days Figure 23 Example of the develo
30. on with this menu VISUALIZING THE RESULTS OF YOUR SIMULATION In the main menu you can visualize the results either of a complete run or of each individual simulation For each you can see a graphics on o Average weight of your fish at harvest o The net yield at harvest and the development of the yields during the rearing in case you selected an individual simulation o The percentage of the different categories of fish in your pond at harvest or the development over time in case you selected an individual simulation o Your costs revenues and profit and their development over time in case you selected an individual simulation Results of a Complete Run To view the results of a simulation select the type of graph you want to display in the left menu and it will automatically pop up Examples of the four graphs are presented below necnat max rect ema pedir Figure 16 Example of average weight at harvest obtained from 10 simulations of one pond 28 Figure 17 Example of net yields kg ha year obtained from 10 simulations of one pond Figure 18 Example of relative biomass obtained from 10 simulations of one pond 29 gt ee 8 j Figure 19 Example of cost revenue and profit obtained from 10 simulations of one pond on a ha basis s Results of an Individual Simulation If you want to see the results of each Simulation 1 Simu
31. pia g Step 2 Locally available tilapia fingerlings from government private hatcheries ar the fingerlings harvested from your pond and Density stocked Tilapia no per m2 m stocked again Type of stocked Tilapia Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia strain This type of tilapia fingerling has been produced by ICLARM It has often a much higher growth rate than local straing but you can only buy them from specialized breeding stations or specialized private hatcheries Figure 13 The Tilapia menu First you select the tilapia type Figure 13 On the right hand side of the screen a small description of your tilapia is displayed Then you enter the stocking weight of your tilapia fingerlings Note that you cannot change the stocking density of your tilapia TFST uses a standard setting of 2 2 fingerlings per m or 22 000 fingerlings per ha When finished click on the OK button Your settings will be saved and you will return to the main menu CULTURE TYPE TFST can work with four culture types 1 Mixed without a predator You stock your pond with un sexed tilapia fingerlings in general 50 of the fingerlings will be male and 50 will be female 2 Mixed with a predator In order to get rid of the excessive fingerling production predators can be raised in combination with tilapia In TFST you can use the African catfish or the African snakehead 18 3 All male culture sex reversed with this option you stock you
32. pment costs revenues and profits of one simulation 33 OPTIMISING THE RESULTS OF YOUR POND Once you have simulated with your own preferences or your real settings you can use TFST Optimize to see if there are alternatives providing a better financial performance You start this module either by clicking on the Icon in the menu bar or by clicking on the Optimise button below right in the main menu Figure 24 Tl Faig Suppo To Si 003 Ek Edi Hee fel al Farang R n furate 7 parameterr Tiani e Cueto rissd n pedais lei ige Alert mister cens no perm 3 re quii dis pellet Goa Ames Aum Pord rie ofraaingdwe Hunbes of EE selecilun Run EEP Het rasch per gop Figure 24 Start Optimise After you start the Optimise warning message Did you enter Did you enter your Stock and Economics setings your Stock and Economic settings yes will pop up This is of utmost 34 importance if you did not provide your own data the optimisation would be carried out with our default settings Click Yes If you are sure that you have provided the proper data If you are not sure check and start Optimise again When you arrive in the Optimise Menu you can enter your preferences in the left pa
33. published in a number of scientific articles de Graaf et al 1996 1999 During the analysis of the Congo Brazzaville data and writing of the articles it was realised that there could be some basic biological driving forces behind the failure or success of tilapia farming especially in rural Africa Field experiments to test the validity of the ideas were too expensive to conduct However the availability of the large data set acquired during five years of tilapia farming in Congo Brazzaville and the development of the computer industry with increased availability of cheap powerful computers and software provided the idea Why not build a simulation model that can identify the most important driving forces within the system The tilapia model was built in MATLAB and calibrated with the data set of Congo Brazzaville The first simulations of the model provided good results and the idea of making a more user friendly version of the model to support tilapia farmers and students in developing countries was introduced http www nefisco org software htm http www xi advies nl Thanks to the financial support of GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft f r Technische Zusammenarbeit German Technical Cooperation we were able to develop this Tilapia Farming Support Tool TFST which you have downloaded free from the Internet Before you start using TFST you should realize two things 1 TFST is only a support tool giving you a gene
34. r pond with all male fingerlings that are produced with hormone treatment in their early life Sex reversed fingerling in general can only be obtained from specialized hatcheries and are 100 male even if you buy them at a weight of 15 grams 4 All male culture hand sexed You stock your pond with all male fingerlings that are obtained by hand sexing This can be done at a specialized hatchery or you can sex the fingerlings harvested from your own pond Hand sexing can only be done correctly with fish larger then 35 grams which means that in the Tilapia type menu you should give a stocking weight of 35 grams With hand sexing there is always a small sexing error 5 which is incorporated in TFST Standard TFST opens with mixed culture no Culture mixed predator predator In the menu you can select your own qned predator Predator type mised with predator option If you select mixed with a predator you all male sex reversed Predator density all male hand sexed will see that the menu just below predator type pops up and you have to fill in the information on the predator you use PREDATOR TYPE If you intend to use a predator in your pond type mised with predator Witte predator you first have to indicate which predator you Predator type Clarias want to use the African catfish or the African EHE Predator density Saakehead snakehead Predator weight
35. ral idea of what you can do with your pond However it will never give you the complete picture and in some cases your reality may be completely different 2 This is the first version of TFST developed using data obtained from the African continent We did our best to include the major principles and driving forces in tilapia farming but we acknowledge some shortcomings in the present version For example TFST does not encompass water temperature Also the relation between growth and the protein content of the feed can be improved For improvement of TFST we need your help You can be a passive consumer thanks but TFST isn t working for me or you can be an active consumer and share your suggestions with us so that we can incorporate them and improve this free software hope you are an active consumer and that you will send your comments to us at degraaf nefisco org The Program The program is based on population dynamics In other words it follows each individual fish in your virtual pond throughout the rearing period In this respect it differs from other aquaculture simulation software which are based mostly on the flow of nutrients into the ponds Because of this set up there are two constraints you should realize 1 Growth of fish depends on water temperature higher temperatures lead to higher growth This is not incorporated into the model The program assumes that the water temperature in your pond NEVER M ge
36. re you saved the installation file of TFST in the example it is C downloads and double click on the installation Icon Doreshah Fi Ed Ww Forma Bol 4 cR ae el lip Bsh Hoy rj Dre p Rm Edere irs onu ide pane Ms penas RER Lenk Figure 1 Installing TFST The next pop up screens will guide you through the installation process 1 Welcome to the install program click Next Tilapia Farming Support Tool Install Program x Welcome to the Tilap a Farming Support Tool Install program This program allows pau to install Tilapia Farming Support Tool on your hard drive IF vou do not wish to install Tilapia Farming Support Tool click Exit now otherwise click to continue Figure 2 Installation pop up 1 2 TFST is free software click Next WELCOME TO THE INSTALLATION TFST 3 0 This Tilapia Farming Support Tool was developed by Netisco foundation and iin the Netherlands with financial support of GT Deutsche Gesellschaft f r Technische Zusammenarbeit This i free software and be downloaded from our websites www og WAAL lad vies ni Please let us know if somebody tries to sell this package to T ou Figure 3 Installation pop up 2 3 Read and agree with the Disclaimer License agreement click Next Please read the lic
37. rt Tilapia Farming Support Tool Install Program Figure 7 Installation pop up 6 7 The progress bar Tilapia Farming Support Tool Install Program Figure 8 Installation pop up 7 STARTING TFST Once you have installed TFST properly you can start TFST by clicking on the TFST icon on your desktop or by opening it through the menu start gt programs gt TFST gt TFST The first time you start TFST you will be guided through two introduction pages please read them carefully Fill the check box on the bottom left of the page if you want to skip the introduction pages the next time you start TFST then start TFST Figure 9 8 reus pami A tha vos can sa g E yeu Dan the inesncial paronmiemce Of your oad by asian oher lad aote wenn sem Fee haue i nes pe heel Bech manche can ons eet jns ere nicer Yir fihi gun picas such as Bel ard ci irha teh geil in core cneas he h quale commercial tip tees rm arme ba whe n gihar court es anp agria sre Dre eas palal ka Thaom thee pan ol fa solare vau feat bo prod de ffe eue wi ch Bie weld tor vou and vou cn do firinynar cen pumence Wore nomin e pred exi mhe vere naua end recon mari ther spunea FORE Nefisco ry Lichte
38. rt of the menu and in the right part the results will be displayed after you have run Optimise Figure 25 Tilapia Farming Support Tool Optimization settings MEFISCO 7 xi 2003 Accelerators E Enter your preferences and start optimize Three best scenarios acid Culture type for local Tilapia Optimal scenario settings You use rived with predator Culture type H almale sex reversed Stack type H almale hand sexed weight g E RESULTS SCREEN IPSE Hearing type H hd asimum number of days 200 Weight g M Fond lunes Mumber pieces Feed type Iv high quality dry pellet feed Xx cul amp kg home made feed soybean meal cotton seed cake Your costs dried chicken dung costs H Fish costs H Operational casts H ZAR Total H ZAR Humber of days H groundnut cake mustard oil cake wheat bran gluten bran You sell user defined feed Large Tilapia Medium Tilpia ZAR Small Tilapia H Predator H ZAR Total H ZAR Profit H Figure 25 The Optimise menu TFST Optimise looks at o The type of fingerling you use mixed all male sex reversed all male hand sexed o The rearing period o Thetype offeed used o The use of a predator catfish or snakehead 35 o stocking density of the used predator
39. t is possible that some of the pre defined feeds are not available in your country TFST keeps the standard values if you do not provide a price for these feeds In this case you will get ridiculous results in Optimise if you include them in the search Farm Gate Prices The price for which you sell your fish farm gate price in most cases depends on the size of the fish Therefore in this menu Figure 15 you first make the different categories of fish you sell then give the price per kilogram for each category The conversion factors used are provided in Annex 1 25 Provide the price per fingerling as entered in the input menu if you sell fingerlings harvested from your pond or stock the fingerlings again in one of your other ponds If you do not sell fingerlings but sell these small fish on the market for consumption then the price will be much lower but you still have to enter the price per fish For example you sell the fish between 20 and 50 g for two ZAR per kg One kilogram contains 1000 35 28 fish Therefore the selling price is 2 28 0 07 ZAR per piece IB HEFISCO xi 20013 17 jo Tilapia Farming Suppt Tool Shock settings File cea 2 fou ciamencp name ZAF Tour counim name and labou Input and leed price Farmgale pice Tilapia From ar wei anal Fingedinge Smal dzd fich seed fish Lange azed Im Farmyele prize precdetor Fi
40. the feed you use is not among the pre defined ones You can include your own type of feed in the economic menu Go to the economic menu by clicking on the Economics green arrow high quality dry pellel thigh quality dry pellet fecil home made feed soybean meal cotton seed cake dried chicken dung groundnut cake mustard ail cake wheat bran gluten nice bran user de d Feel d THE ECONOMIC MENU The economic menu consists of three sub menus Figure 14 1 Investments and labor here you provide the details of the costs of constructing your pond and the prices of labor needed to operate your farm 2 Input and feed here you give information on the cost of fingerlings and the feed you use 3 Farm gate prices here you enter the selling price of the fish In the main menu you can enter the name of your country and the name of your currency Automatically TFST gives all the results in your own currency You open the sub menus by clicking on the name of the sub menu Fa ming Suppt onl Shimek sellings 1 HEFISCH x PEE ES File Je Di El Your cumin p name Tou cour nami ScadhAkica and labour Input and leed Inresiment Inmermert ZAR e ha Interest Cost Fish lain mnm an E 1796 22 1600 00 5 15 477 Maintenance costs Maintenance and ieplacemeris
41. ts below 23 degrees Celsius Do not use the program if the water in your ponds gets colder 2 Growth of fish depends on feeding If you do not feed your fish they will not grow The program DOES NOT incorporate natural productivity or the water quality of your pond Gertjan de Graaf Amsterdam the Netherlands November 2003 INSTALLING TFST If you correctly downloaded TFST from our websites you went through the following menus File Download Some files can harm your computer If the file information below 23 looks suspicious you da nat fully trust the source do not open or save this file File name TFST_install exe Filetype Toepassing From CMWEBSITESSNEFISCO downloads ity This type of file could harm your computer if it contains malicious code Would you like to open the file or save it to your computer Dpi aeea Tei 3 Indicate the subdirectory on your hard disk where you want to save your file in this example the subdirectory is C downloads ka af TEST _ingtall exe Completed c3 Sgen TT nales from deme ri n E slimeind tima left 2 min enc kB of 305 MB coped Dcerka box TF5 T inziall nan Tihs 18 5 http www nefisco org sofware htmi http www xi advies nl project tilapias shtml You will see the progress of downloading To install TFST go to the subdirectory whe
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search