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Spectraview user manual

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1. In the direct input mode a value of 4 5dB will be very close since this is the level in dBm where the A D begins to clip If the internal preamp or an external one is used then one must change the value accordingly Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 78
2. C No Output File Saving Timed Saves mn en I N _ 7 T C Save Continuum Data to CSY Excel Format File 10 to 3600 Seconds Save Waterfall FFT Data as 1 byte pixel BMP Format File EA Timed Save OFF nen C Timestamped Files f save Fel Wate as ba Excel Format hlemlimed Only Seve Tele Nn AS Loy EAEE ne Oe amp Append Overwrite C save absolute FFT Data as byte Custom Binary Format File select Out File C Watertall rp This menu specifies a 1 byte per pixel BMP graphics file of the waterfall display to be written If the Use Screen Resolution box is checked the image width will be the same as the screen pixel width This mode creates images that are the same size as the program screen for easy viewing and reduced file size If not checked the image width will be the number of the FFT points within the specified frequency span This mode can create very wide images depending on the FFT size and span but provides much greater detail than can be obtained on a CRT screen The graphics files are limited in size by the Output Size limit Many graphics programs are limited to how large an image can be displayed as well Keeping the file size below 100MB is probably a prudent step Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 39 2 3 9 7 Save FFT Data as CSV Excel Format File FFT Continuum File Saving C No Output File Saving Timed saves C Screen Capture to File JPG PNG or BMP Format Timed Only 10 C Save Conti
3. Raw Data 20 FFT 3D FFT V Waterfall If it is real data then there is only one trace Complex data is displayed as two different traces with different colors The two numbers in the display area are the max and min values of the incoming signal The range of inputs is a 16 bit value or O to 32767 The DC offset is displayed to the left of the screen This may be of use for adjusting the soundcard DC offset input parameters 2 1 2 2DFFT The 2D FFT display shows the spectrum amplitude versus frequency plot of the incoming signal The center frequency and frequency span are set by the two main controls just below the FFT display area Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 10 Amplitude in dB referenced to full scale is displayed on the left side of the display and frequency along the top The slider control on the right can be used to shift the amplitude display up or down FFT amplitude power is in dB referenced to full scale a single sine wave with an amplitude of 32 767 or 16 bits This can be calibrated to dBm by entering a dB offset in the FFT Setup menu 142 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1420 14 8 O EEE EEE i EEE EEE EEE NE EN DEED ENNE DE EEN ee DEN DEDEN ED TED DEDEN ERN EE PN EN EEE 105 110 115 120 A a VAD Baw Data 2D FET 3D FFT V Waterfall H Waterfall Continuum l An alternative 2D view is available by choosing the Color 2D Graph selection in the FFT Setup Menu This view a
4. e The Soundcard can be selected with the pull down menu or one can use the default Windows soundcard e The sample rate must be specified and can range from 5000 to 96000 SPS Many soundcards will not operate above 48000 SPS e The bandwidth limit depends upon whether the Stereo Complex mode is chosen The maximum BW is the sample rate if Complex or 1 2 the sample rate it mono real data e The Center frequency is an offset that is applied to the display This is useful in applications where the soundcard is used to process base band Q inputs from complex mixers The Center frequency would be the mixer oscillator frequency e The Swap I Q button can swap the left and right channels that will invert the spectrum e The I Q Comp section is used to adjust for DC offsets in the I Q channels By watching the Raw Data display center number is DC offset one can minimize the DC offset Adjust the offset to make the Green line closer to zero and the Q offset to make the red line closer to zero The affect of a DC offset is a large spur in the center of the 2D FFT display e The alpha and beta controls can be used to compensate for any phase errors between the and Q channels The affect of a phase error is a reduction in sideband rejection A carrier will appear mirrored on the opposite side of the FFT display e The Sample Offset is a gross adjustment in case a soundcard is off by a complete sample between the and Q channels One
5. iff m etate U Adeal with FIR pointer wraparound m state m FirLen 1 3 2 2 Demodulation Filters The demodulation FIR filter is calculated in real time from the user input cutoff frequencies An ideal LP FIR filter is first designed y POAT TEN The coefficients are then windowed with a Kaiser Window to reduce the side lobes The maximum FIR size is limited to 250 taps The demodulator uses two filter types The AM FM and DSB demodulators require a LP filter on and Q since these signals are symmetric around the zero frequency The SSB and CW filters use a BP filter on and a matching BP filter on Q with a Hilbert 90 degree phase shifter The BP filters are designed as LP filters that are then shifted to the proper cutoff frequencies and the Q side filter coefficients are further processed to introduce a 90 degree phase shift Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 65 AN FM Ds E E Low Cutoff High Cutoff Lab D Low Cutoff High Cutoff 3 2 3 AM Demodulator AM Demodulator HP IR Filter The AM demodulator takes the and Q data and converts it into magnitude data Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 66 Mag sart I I Q Q The magnitude is fed to an AGC block to provide some gain control Then a simple high pass filter is used to remove the DC component of the magnitude leaving the audio The following 1s the digital equivalent to a simple RC high pass DC blocking filter EN eea and beata RC ANA
6. Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 6 various features of the program A little time spent in this way will reduce the frustration factor of learning a new program and its controls 1 3 1 System Requirements In order to utilize all the features of SpectraVue a 1GHz Pentium 2 or better with 128M of memory is required Slower PCs can still be used if one is willing to accept slower displays and give up the real time demodulation features Windows XP or Win2K is required The graphics card is probably the single most important item for maximizing the full potential of SpectraVue and the SDR xx The faster the better In the FFT Setup menu there is a Slow CPU Mode spin control that the user can adjust to adapt slower graphics cards CPUs for best results The tradeoff is that the display will skip updates to conserve CPU time 1 3 2 Installation The SpectraVue distribution is contained in a single Setup exe file Execute this file from the CD or wherever it is located The install program will run and step you through the process One can choose alternate folders for the program and whether to automatically create a desktop icon and where to place the shortcut in the Startup Menu The installer will create three folders under the SpectraVue main folder The SDR14USBdriver folder contains the USB driver required by the SDR 14 The SDRIQUSBdriver folder contains the USB driver required by the SDR IQ The Palettes folder contains several pal fi
7. 20 dB Calibrated Screen 4500 Select Bit Rate HF Tracking Mode 4005 Aten IF Center FregiHz Ext IF BY H2 Ext Center Frequency Hz Bi 18 GN Code 10700000 4000000 10002780 EEE Filter Bandwidth bhi Digital Downconverter Settings CIC Rate LIC scale 3 bbe IF Gain C 10KHz CICS Rate di CICS Scale ell C 18dB 25 KHz 12 dB Bice Bale 3 RCF Scale Demod Ok C 608 C 50 KHz RCF Tape 256 Total Decimation 420 C 08 Final Sample Rate 158730 100 KHz Interface Selection je USB C Network Network SDR Setup 190 KHz IP Address oU Use Ack Port 50000 e This setup menu is used to set the main parameters of the SDR IQ hardware e The A D Sample Frequency can be entered here Nominally it is 66 666 667Hz but this number can be changed to the actual oscillator frequency if more accurate frequency measurements are desired Entering a reference frequency and a measured frequency and pressing the Calc button will calibrate the sample frequency automatically e There are 7 fixed bandwidth setups that can be chosen Note that for demodulation only the 50KHzto 190KHz bandwidths can be used Some PC s may not be able to use the 190KHz mode as it pushes the USB bus to the limit Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 31 The AD6620 settings area of the screen displays the current AD6620 decimation rates and filter sizes The A
8. digit to decrement it This mode selected in General Setup Menu e Use Left and Right mouse buttons to inc dec digit This mode selected in General Setup Menu e Use the mouse scroll wheel to increment decrement the digit value e Use the up or down arrows to increment or decrement that digit value and zero all following digits e Use the Page Up or Page Down keys to increment or decrement just the selected digit and not the entire frequency value digit value does not roll over to adjacent digits e Click the left mouse button within the display area on the frequency you wish to center e f the mouse cursor is in the display area then the mouse scroll wheel will increment or decrement the frequency in 100HZz steps e A USB Power Mate knob from Griffin Technologies can be mapped to the following keys http www griffintechnology com CTRL F1 digit decrement Rotate Left CTRL F2 digit increment Rotate Right CTRL F3 move digit position left Click and Rotate Left CTRL F4 move digit position right Click and Rotate Right CTRL F5 Toggle frequency control between center and demod function Actually a double click operation is required Click 2 2 2 Demod Center Frequency Button o Demod Frequency MHz The Center frequency control has a dual function when running the program in the demodulation mode This button sets the function of the control to either the normal center frequency control or it can be
9. fi ea a Thiet ER fh E Ls n a 5 k ca ee ec 4 ras B T a s a HEEN ane T na EN P AT ae pate an i PEA EEEE Peng mere ae a gt E _ Pe Aert be LAA Bi Ti a en rn ie al fel Ea oe wi paS pas oo Er jee Nae atte ae HT is d Gres Vi Erle en ren Pari ee ae een ore ae a ala ints tetas Mra aR See ee eee MATE a 7i bey x te Ti TE ify ge bak nr coe ges i ie ae Re en oes T A a ae PASE t ele tra debi nat ape at er ied heere as als pa tie g Binet Et sera etn ae TE ey eee ie ts Pl oe oa Suey Mae Bass Mee ki ig EFLA Plank tak ail 3 ae CHER ire eaten KS ne tive dt a ita ee ue ik gt FE pap Tuik 7 ti a y it y 5 TF i Haa ae es a hie PE Lj ak re I roe re 3 EET bene GAP pee ee are ha putea Fie ant Aca ark Bere ar iV x eu ra mst ne a te i LiT aig ae 4 E mad 7 i En a ice MOUS R Ee fs rhe Tie i ay OTe E iat nr K ns er tis Ek ae m ite Pee i tet aak Pp di Meria tay pi ed ie Ae a ee a En kr En ef ern hes ik ot se r 5 KE ele a TP F sh aa ih at lp parie vingen at a ore DAEN a NT ne Le ji gei eran a ats jr den ee etl Lie ci CPEE ae Leland ation Tir 5 ang Erma Re nants P Te EN OA Se de we eo Ae ers Wee te ee ae 14 065 NE T 30 FFT V Waterfall H Waterfall DE Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 13 2 1 6 Combo 7750 7 165 LIED LID Geld 225 1250 REE CEILE E This view combines the 2D FFT view with the vertical waterfall view 2 1 7
10. Demod Frequency 67 006 Auto Scale woe M Demod On CO AM C WFM C FM NFM LSB C USB WaveFile gt Sound 2 4 Fs 158730 Hz Bw Res 70Hz r 2075061 MHz 33 66 dB YC OBG886 MHz 39 63 dB ZATTE MHz 47 32 Ee 162856 MH 49 0 J 0 5mootring Span Restore 248 FFT BLE Size 5dB Div V Scale Stop F10 Pause F11 Start F12 C Cy Chr C DSE Setup Filter Lo 100Hz Hi 2700Hz Width 2600Hz Peak NB Mute 06 2 2004 11 11 20 062 f2004 10 46 24 2 Sep 2007 14 48 44 UTE SpectraVue is a Windows based program that takes digitized signal data from a variety of sources and displays the frequency domain spectrum on the PC screen It also can be used to demodulate various signals and output them to a soundcard or wave file The input data can come from a soundcard a RIFF wav file or from special RF input capturing devices SDR 14 or SDR IQ www rfspace com 1 1 Functionality Basic program functionality includes the following features Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 5 FFT analysis using 2048 to 262144 point FFT s real or complex FFT amplitude resolutions from 10dB to 01dB per division FFT amplitude power is in dB referenced to full scale a single sine wave with an amplitude of 32767 or 16 bits Various FFT data view modes including waterfalls and 2D and 3D plots Display markers for accurate amplitude frequency measurement A continuum display for measuring spectral power
11. H Waterfall Continuum Raw Data 2 1 4 V Waterfall The vertical waterfall FFT display shows the spectrum amplitude as a color instead of as a height on the display Frequency is the horizontal axis and time is the vertical axis The center frequency and frequency span are set by the two main controls just below the FFT display area Amplitude in dB referenced to full scale is displayed on the left side as a color scale The slider control on the right can be used to shift the amplitude display up or down in large increments and the spin control on the lower left side of the display can be used to make small shifts in the color amplitude map An optional timestamp feature can be invoked from the FFT Setup Menu to mark the UTC time as the display scrolls down Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 12 14 14 01 14 02 14 05 ene 14 05 14 06 4 IF 14 05 14 04 14 1 l a ee ren pr pr 2 Tp F Er Te Er Le DN hg rts ea e nae t re A kee ee Er eee En 1 ce Eet pn gen fe iat et on ae nt TdT 2 re E on a l re a is hi Boe cee hes Ce Bee Ln k 2 a gt O yr a i TA Ge EE re Te ike PR a R in A Poe ee Ae 5 RE m h BM a a ai ne Ee en f n p pn Hi a r Er i F r jk er SE 6 Ae EE ont lt a ta zt Er en ee oh le ek GER AE ET a 4 E SE ies shan al ae ana DE ete nl er i FA ii Losa a e ers ie men oy ee ee aT Paar ae Soe SaaS Fy bite Seo ees Os 7 Dn 1 TER 5
12. One is the start time in hours and minutes This allows SpectraVue to be started up to 24 hours from the current time The other parameter is the length of time in minutes that is desired to be captured The minimum time is 1 minute the maximum time is 1440 minutes 24hours Note that if not using the file chaining mode the capture will stop when the file size is reached or the specified run time whichever occurs first Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 37 To enable the Automatic delayed start mode the check box MUST be checked This check box will be cleared upon program exit or after a previous run Checking the Repeat every 24 hr box will allow SpectraVue to re trigger at this time every day automatically If enabled and waiting or running the status will be shown in the Info Box on the main screen Auto Scale Fs 55555 Hz By Res 14 Hz 2 3 9 4 Screen Capture to File FFT Continuum File saving C No Output File Saving imed saves Screen Capture to File JPG PNG or BMP Format Timed Only fo 10 Save Continuum Data to CSV Excel Format File 10 to 3600 Seconds Save Waterfall FFT Data as 1 byte omel BMP Format File Use Screen Resolution C Save FFT Data as CSW Excel Format Filer Timed Only C Save absolute FFT Data as byte Custom Binary Format File Select Out File o CA Screendata png Ei This option is only valid when the timed save mode is active C Ti
13. USB soundcard chip has a bug so that and Q are one sample time apart Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 27 2 3 5 Wave File In setup Wave File Input Setup a x Select File CA FDwavest MOAA ZDW 2 wen File Properties 1287 3720 samples SampleRate 55555Hz2 Complex Center 10700000 ADFreq bbbbbe2l BiA 5000D starting UTC 09 13 2003 19 25 05 i Invert Spectrum File Center Frequency Continuous Loop Playback UFOU000 Hz Cancel e The Wave file input menu allows the user to specify the wave file path and also whether to invert the spectrum or play the file back in a continuous loop e Depending on the file several parameters are displayed along with the name The first line shows the file size in samples the file sample rate and whether the data is real or complex e The second line may show the captured data center frequency the A D frequency and display bandwidth if the SDR xx was used to generate the wave file e The third line may show the capture starting time if the file was created with SpectraVue This is used to show the original UTC time when playing back wave files Note that if a capture was paused or the center frequency changed during creation then the file data will not be correct for the entire file Wave files created with a program other than SpectraVue will not contain some of the above information Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 28 2 3 6 SDR 14 Setup RF Inout So
14. Update Rate The Display update rate edit box can be used to cause the display rate to be very slow to allow long waterfall or continuum captures The value is from O to 60 seconds between updates in 1 second steps 2 3 10 10 Assign Display Colors A submenu allows for changing various display item colors eD FFT Colors Oe 40 FFT Colors BackGround ae BackGround Mein MN Men z Feak Sl Peak a fand demod filter shape Delta Sheet Belie Continuum Colors l ENEN Grid Color MASK ppm nn eg en BackGround M BENE Dam daal en Ea A H arker IOOUDCE erade Marker 2 AO O L Peak More Colors Frequency Controls EEE Color BackGround EE Transparent Text Digits EEEN B o Timestamp Font size Units BE OK Cancel Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 44 2 3 10 11 Select Waterfall Color Palette File A submenu allows one to pick a different waterfall palette file for use with the waterfall displays pal files are used that are text files that contain a table with 256 rows representing power 1st row highest power Each row contains an R G B value each with a range of 0 255 Example format for a couple of rows 25 255 171 41 232 0 2 3 10 12 Select FFT Compensation File A submenu allows one to pick a FFT compensation file A special file can be invoked to flatten out the filter responses of some of the SDR xx IF filters This is useful when doing extremely weak signal analysis an
15. active The button labeled Demod 0 or Demod 1 is used to toggle between the two demodulator channels It indicates the current frequency and mode of that demodulator channel The two figures below show the screen display before and after toggling the demod button Note the frequency marker is a bright red for the selected channel and a dull red for the non selected channel Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 22 9 929 9 940 3 39 _d arl 9 309 10 000 AW gem nk L 10 045 10 060 10 Be EE EDEN SEAS ERE 10 MHz Ode m Bones On lIdle Real om Fs 158730 Hz C WEM DSB BWRes 78Hz C USB CW LSB CCAA Setup Auto Ace SEWE Enan Restore _ Save p Restore 0150000 mtz 10 dB Drv Scale Paeuselrl ls Start F1 2 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 23 iaia sss 599 NT ol SE Es 10 mm i ie 20 pe EE EE dt En 40 ao E 50 TE S asa aeons seen ace RN ene a ee E a N SESS s H E E B nn EN MNANE Een En EED oe EE EEE EEE E 1004 IRE 120 140 EERE zal Vai 20 Plot 3D X V Waterfall H Waterfall 10 MHz Ode sw NCO 38000 Demod Frequency aa i a ac ya 9 961 100 mH ameo _ Save Span Restore EE B Div gt vacale Stopi it 2 2 22 RMS PEAK S Meter Select The button below the S Meter bar is used to toggle between a peak mode or RMS mode Auto Sce PM Fs 158730 Hz DSB BWRes 78 Hz CH CA Start F12 Th
16. hr S Kye Si he i gt EA oe a a 3 b Heeg 4 p ed mr pil Ear va jae Des Te tan AE ON age een ln re r a B Ged y Bi r a ao i E Pad Seek he aeir ee ae oe ee ae jm r Pre a ee i J et af by 5 a asl Ee ihe H a a ur d Hr TE Ek ru Lm Eee er KA ake as ASE T TE e E Te he es ee mijl aS oe ee et oe T ie T Teer Be a mi Dea oe ae an et eee r yi coe een aye Se Moek oe ge e ar nn FD ef end ia JRA ges aoe a4 a win eet ra a nh a p pe nk see sl er rH Pe 1 Cad E Ea F Pe ze OSSIE TN ET EFT SD FFT FFT V Waterfall TH Waterfall Continuum 2 1 5 H Waterfall The horizontal waterfall FFT display shows the spectrum amplitude as a color instead of as a height on the display Frequency is the vertical axis and time is the horizontal axis The center frequency and frequency span are set by the two main controls just below the FFT display area Amplitude in dB referenced to full scale is displayed on the topside as a color scale The slider control on the right can be used to shift the amplitude display up or down in large increments An optional timestamp feature can be invoked from the FFT Setup Menu to mark the UTC time as the display scrolls left 59 90 te ota ken IE ale 129 130 ak As X aa at ah aa iets Aa 40 S ae te are PE a Sa ie GD aaa a Pee Fer Be free ies oe ei ily atte ee a ee REE ilsi e Bart esen Deke peu
17. on current sample rates and FFT resolutions The first line shows the current status of the program The FS xxxxx Hz is the FFT data sample rate The BW Res is the bandwidth resolution of the currently selected FFT size and sample rate If position markers are active then the marker information is shown in this box 2 6 2 Cursor Frequency Display i Just above the info box is the current mouse cursor location if it is enabled and is over a 2D display 2 6 3 File Progress Bar __ Mute 12A 2005 20 19 31 O00H2 Width 2000H2 RMS i l NB il T2M 42005 20 19 31 The horizontal bar display at the bottom of the screen is active while playing or recording to a file It indicates the file progress as well as allows clicking on it to change the current playback position If playing back a file one can click on the progress bar with the mouse and move to that file playback position A text balloon will appear to indicate the time pointed to by the cursor Click on it don t try to drag it across While recording this indicates the complete of the recorded file determined by the file size limit set in the Output Setup menu Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 59 3 Technical Details This Section describes some of the technical details implemented in SpectraVue 3 1 External Program Control Spectravue exposes a limited number of control items to 3 party programs using a registered message sy
18. point by point running average up until the number of samples reaches the specified average limit then it becomes a low pas filter with a time constant approximately equal to the averaging value YY Er FFT Ave This function is useful in averaging out noise and allowing a signal to be more easily viewed in a noisy background The down side is that fast moving signals will become blurred Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 17 average 100 No average Ii 2 2 6 Smoothing The smoothing function averages FFT bins within the same sample data block This function is useful for wide bandwidth signals and smoothes the overall shape of a wide signal Note this is very CPU intensive so can slow down things if large values are used ad jn No smoothing T Smoothing 6 S 2 2 7 FFT Size 2048 FFT Size The FFT size pull down selection control is used to select the size of the FFT The range is from 2048 to 262144 points The larger the FFT the better the frequency resolution but the longer it will take to process since more data points are required between updates 2 2 8 V Scale 5dB Div W Scale The Vertical scale control allows the selection of dB per division for the FFT amplitude The range is from 2dB Div to 10dB Div The display will only show 14 divisions at a time so the slider control on the right side of the display can be used to change the viewable range of amplitudes 2 2 9 NCO Null The NCO Null b
19. radio are connected to the antenna The external radio is used to tune to a specific signal and demodulate while the SDR xx provides a wideband view of all the surrounding signals The limitation of this mode is that it only works on the 0 30MHz HF band External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode Setup FT 2000 Kd Select Ext Radio a Keep Same Center Freq JA com x Select Serial Port mal ise Bi vette i BE jv HF Tracking Mode ason Select Bit Rate IF Center FregiHzi Ext IF ByvtAz Ext Center Frequency Hz 10002 760 HF Tracking Mode ab nl 0 SOME Input RS 232 Serial Link External Radio UI UNIT te Input Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 50 File View InputSource SDR 14 Setup Ouiputsetup general Setup Help 46 a0 aa 20 52 BK dal ce eee 0 2 25 39 49 29 59 T9 59 95 foet a Paw Data 2D Plot 30 eee Waterfall H Waterfall Combo Continuum Phase SE FFT Awe TE E 3 l Sewe tig _ Save Span Restore Bemad On SDR 14 4 Fiv Fs 4166673 Hz DSE Ew Res 2034 On ed pe i Lif 5 dB Div Y Scale Stop F10 Pause F11 The Button above the main frequency control allows toggling the frequency control between the SDR xx center frequency and the External Radio center frequency The white marker on the display shows where the external radio is tuned If the Keep Same Center Freq box is checked then the SDR xx
20. used to setup the majority of all the program settings The main screen of SpectraVue contains the primary signal viewing area Tabs below this area allow the user to select display variations Two frequency controls are below the tabs for setting the center frequency demodulation frequency and frequency span Below these controls are the controls to start stop or pause the capturing process Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 9 On the lower left are controls for adjusting the several FFT parameters On the lower right are the demodulation selection controls and also a general information box that show status and other information A slider control to the right of the main viewing screen is used to move the viewing window up and down to place the displayed signal into view The Auto Scale button will try and center the display automatically 2 1 Screen Views The main program contains a tabbed view screen where the user can click on a desired display mode tab There are seven different view screens that can be selected aw Data cO Flot 30 Plot Waterfall AH Waterfall Combo Continuum Phase 2 1 1 Raw Data This view is of the raw input data versus time Its purpose is to give the user a quick look at incoming data to verify its general amplitude There are no user controls to this display The amplitude is automatically scaled to fit the screen and the time axis is not calibrated but is a function of the sample rate and screen resolution
21. 100 105 110 EHH ee ee ee ee ee ee AHA Il Il TT issn Vl TT lend Il Il ELI TALL Il IIA Vl UIA PBH iil ELI is lb ET le ET EA dil dill dill dit dill T I I 1200 Baw Data 2p FET 3D FFT V Waterfall H Waterfall Continuum Phase 9993 94 KHz 54 13 dB i Demod hwe MCO 10000000 Center Frequency pa E of Auto Scale KHz z FFT Ave 0 H smoothing 65536 FFT Size KHz 5 dB Div 5 dB Div V Scale Stop F10 Pause Fi1 EEEN T Z span Freg SDB 14 WEM SH 10000 KHz 61 88 JBE gt DIGG 2 KHz 7 6 83 dB 10000 004 KHz 84 1 dB 9999 9 KHz 87 45 dB LSB C a Reach 4 Dec 2003 17 52 54 UTC 4 1 2 Amplitude Calibration The easiest way to calibrate the SDR xx and SpectraVue for power amplitude is to simply input a sine wave signal of known power and adjust the FFT Max dB value in the FFT setup menu This number is simply added to all the screen values Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 T7 For example set ones signal generator to say 20dBm and measure the amplitude shown on the 2D FFT screen Use the Peak Markers for best accuracy rather than the cursor marker since the screen resolution is not very accurate Enter a value into the FFT Max dB edit box in the FFT setup menu that when added to the measured value will make it display 20dBm The value can be positive or negative O M Rightto Left Continuum l Time Stamp Bhota
22. 42 dB C pep 10000 07 KHz 69 dB Setup 4 Stop the capturing and open the SDR xx Setup menu Notice the measured frequency has been automatically placed in the box if you had peak markers checked and it was marking the correct reference peak One can manually enter the Reference and Meas frequencies if not using a 10MHz reference SDR 14 Setup Custom bhi Filter File Ea gs En land Giinvert a Calc f 0 30 FilterbD imp M IF Mode Measured Value K 5 Click on the Calc button and the new A D Sample Frequency is calculated The Meas box will revert to the Ref frequency so one doesn t accidentally keep scaling the A D sample frequency Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 76 oOR 14 Setup AFTER Calibration A D Sample Freq Hz mo hooooooo Custom 6620 Filter Fila hleas 1 o00oDo Swap l and Ginet spectrum Alc Filters imp FIF Made Press This to Calibrate 6 Go back to the main screen and start the captures again to verify that the new calibration has taken affect One may have to perform this a few times to iterate the error to zero if the signal is noisy or the SDR xx is still warming up opectra Yue Registered to Moe Tronix File Miew Imputsource SDOR 14 setup Outputsetup FFI Setup Help 9999 75 9999 8 999985 99999 999995 10000 10000 100001 100002 100002 100003 50 99 A0 59 fU f5 o0 09 90 99 Pml FI il Vl TIA Ter BAN ELI bet Vl TT isnt Il Il ELI Il
23. Continuum The continuum display mode displays the total power over the entire frequency span versus time An optional secondary trace can be displayed that also shows the peak power within the same span versus time This is invoked from the FFT setup menu by selecting the Enable Peaks check box Time stamping can also be enabled from the FFT Setup Menu for this scrolling display FFT amplitude power is in dB referenced to full scale a single sine wave with an amplitude of 32767 or 16 bits This can be calibrated to say dBm by entering a GB offset in the FFT Setup menu ij 758 SEES EE ee aoe eee EERE EN EE a RD on EE Bt BBE A Blk ee nn 05 RE i i ar m _00 LEE 4 4 4 nd AAN 4 tt Et 4 4 tt 4 4 E44 4 4 tt Et 05 qa i00 n eee op Efe oa NN 4 1 10 5 fuk FA A ae Hdd Tt ki aH at oe 4411 z ipi HH Et Foot aad ee CI ary mL rit ae ps PAN aL men 115 S ime i A 120 NE 125 NME 1308 i 135 Raw Data 2D FFT 3D FET V Waterfall HWaeterfall Gat Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 14 2 1 8 Phase The Phase display mode displays the and Q data points in an x y axis plot 512 points are plotted at a time The signal strength must be fairly strong to give interesting results and also as narrow a bandwidth so multiple signals don t confuse the display yatertall A vvatertall Continuum Phase 2 2 Controls Various controls are available on the bottom of the main screen to set frequenci
24. D6620 IF gain can be selected from 0 to 24dB in 6dB steps This value is best kept at 24dB unless very strong signals are being analyzed and the SDR IQ is being overloaded The RF Gain selection allows using fixed 10dB step settings or one can enter a variable value for the preamp A separate 10dB fixed attenuator can be activated along with the variable gain preamp Note that high gain preamp settings will not improve the receiver noise figure above a certain level but will just raise the noise floor and reduce the dynamic range If the Network Interface is selected the edit boxes for the desired IP and port addresses are used to specify the IP address and port This feature is an option and requires a separate USB to TCP IP Server application running to be able to use External Radio Panadapter setup is described in a separate section under Program Details The Firmware update button enables a menu to update the SDR IQ s internal firmware One opens the update hex file and presses Start to begin the firmware update The SDR IQ must be attached and powered up for this menu to be used ET NN EEN Device Firmware Update De X SORIGmamik hex Current Boot version 1 00 Current Firmware Version TRIS ASCF Version NIE Device Serial Number Grilla Idle START Exit 2 3 8 Network SDR xx Operation If the network interface is selected instead of the USB interface a TCP IP socket is used as the source for the S
25. DR xx data By running a server utility program SDR14Server on a remote PC and SpectraVue on another PC one can access the SDR 14 or SDR IQ over a wired or wireless network connection Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 32 Remote SDR 14 Operation Using Network Remote PC Server Running SDR 4 oerver exe PC Running spectraVue Copyright 2003 Wired or Wireless TCP IP connection 2007 09 20 33 Network Setup 1 SpectraVue should be installed on the remote PC even though it is not going to be used since the USB drivers are required by the SDR14 server application On the remote PC run the utility program SDR14Server exe that should be installed in the main SpectraVue folder It is also available separately on the www moetronix com web pages Ry SDR14Server 1 02 iof x Port 50000 USB SDPr4NotConnected Net ServerPaused 2 Connect the SDR 14 USB cable to the remote PC and apply power to the SDR xx The server should connect to the SDR xx and the following status should result Fe S0R14Server 1 02 Port BOOD Star USB SUR 14 Connected ile ero zal 3 On the users client PC start SpectraVue and select the Network SDR xx in the Input Setup Menu 4 Goto the SDR xx Setup Menu and enter the remote PC s IP address into the edit box at the lower right hand part of the menu screen To find the remote PC s IP address open a command dos box window on the remote PC and type ipconfig It w
26. EMOD CWL 6 SV DEMOD DSB 7 SV DEMOD NFM 8 SVCMD FILE CAPTURE MODE 0x88 define SV FILECAPTURE OFF 0 define SV RFFILECAPTURE ON 1 define SV DEMODFILECAPTURE ON 2 define SVCMD SET RFGAIN 0x90 define SV RFGAIN 0 0 define SV_RFGAIN M10 1 define SV RFGAIN M20 2 0x18 0x48 emd Squelch State value to from SV if zero data sent to SV then audio is muted 0x20 cmd to SV to start resume running 0x30 cmd to SV to pause running 0x40 cmd to SV to stop running omd to from SV demodulation on and off cmd to from SV s center frequency 0x60 0x70 0x71 0x80 cmd to from SV s span frequency range cmd to from SV s channel 0 demod frequency cmd to from SV s channel 1 demod frequency emd to from SV s demod mode demod types cmd to from SV File Capture modes cmd to from SV RF Gain setting Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 62 define SV_RFGAIN M30 3 define SVCMD SET IFGAIN 0x98 cmd to from SV RF Gain setting define SV_IFGAIN 24 0 define SV_IFGAIN 18 1 define SV_IFGAIN 12 2 define SV_IFGAIN 6 3 define SV_IFGAIN 0 4 define SVCMD REFRESH PAL OxA0 cmd to SV to re read the current PAL color palette file 3 2 Demodulator Section The SpectraVue Demodulator section provides a means to demodulate various signals in real time and output the audio to a wave file or Soundcard The demodulator is not meant as a high performance receiver but provides a useful addition for ac
27. LOG HP DIGITAL HP Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 67 3 2 4 AGC Compressor AGC audio compressor Attack LP IIR T Variabe i OF LF IIR The demodulator AGC uses a simple audio compressor scheme with variable decay filters and also a hang timer Decay Time i Hang Time 9 The Variable Delay Line allows the AGC to look ahead in time and have the new gain value ready before the leading edge of a signal is processed 3 2 5 FM Demodulator The FM demodulator follows the following block diagram Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 68 EM Detector Correction 3 LP IIR Audio Filter Filter Out eles LP TIR squelch Filte Filter k Noise Activated Squelch The actual implementation combines the arctan function and differentiation and correction filter in one 6 tap filter as described in the book by Marvin Frerking Digital Signal Processing in Communications Sytstems page253 256 A noise gated squelch is implemented by high pass filtering the output of the detector taking its magnitude and then low pass filtering the magnitude As an FM signal increases in strength the high frequency noise in the pass band above the normal audio range decreases rapidly giving a better means to gate a squelch circuit than just using the signal magnitude 3 2 6 SSB CW Demodulator The SSB CW demodulator follows the following block diagram SSB Detector I wo Q gt wre po hme Cz we LSB The SSB CW demodulator u
28. Menus File Menu View Menu Input Source Soundcard Input Setup Wave File In setup SDR 14 Setup SDR IQ Setup Network SDR xx Operation Output Setup General Setup External Radio Setup External Radio Operation Modes50 Demodulator Setup Mode Selection Demod Setup Signal Squelch Bar Miscellaneous Displays Info Box Cursor Frequency Display File Progress Bar Technical Details External Program Control Registered Message Example Message Handler Example Message Sending 22 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 29 31 32 36 42 49 54 54 55 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 60 60 61 Available Command Definitions 61 Demodulator Section NCO Mixer Decimation Stages Demodulation Filters AM Demodulator AGC Compressor FM Demodulator SSB CW Demodulator DSB Demodulator Re sampler Noise Blanker Copyright 2003 63 64 65 66 68 68 69 70 70 71 2007 09 20 3 3 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 FFT Implementation 72 Operation Hints 73 Calibration 73 Sample Clock Frequency Calibration 73 Amplitude Calibration 77 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 1 Introduction V1 29 2007 09 20 IN D WaveFiles FD40ssb1l wav Spectra Vue ini a E ol x File View InputDevice WavefleIN Setup Qutputsetup General Setup Help Male f 1e0 145 2 if sea F240 aaa iari 205 f 300 Raw Data 2D Plot 30 Plot 4 Waterfall H Waterfall Combo Continuum Phase Ofset _ aa 72458784 MHz Shift swhCO 100
29. Select Serial Port drop down menu allows selection of the PC serial port to use The Bit Rate drop down menu allows selecting an appropriate serial port bitrate 2 4 1 3 External Device Address The ADR spin control allows changing the default radio address of the external radio Currently only the ICOM radios use this option For the R8500 the CIV address default is 4AH but can be changed in the SDR xx setup menu CIV TRAN should be ON CIV 731 should be OFF 2 4 1 4 Inverted IF Selection The Inverted IF checkbox selects whether the External IF is inverted or not 2 4 1 5 IF Center Frequency The IF Center Frequency edit box allows one to enter the external radio IF frequency in Hz 2 4 1 6 External IF Bandwidth The Ext IF BW edit box allows one to enter the external radio IF bandwidth in Hz This is used by SpectraVue to place limits on how far away from the IF center frequency a signal can be tuned Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 49 2 4 1 7 External Center Frequency The Ext Center Frequency edit box allows one to enter the external radio center frequency in Hz This is automatically set if a serial port connection is available to the radio If the external radio is not supported or is a block down converter then the frequency must be entered manually here 2 4 2 External Radio Operation Modes The following diagrams show the general hook up schemes 2 4 2 1 HF Tracking Mode In this configuration both the SDR xx and External
30. SpectraVue Spectral Analysis Program Document Version 1 29 2007 Sept 20 MOE TRONIX www moetronix com 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 1 4 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 4 2 1 5 2 1 6 2 1 7 2 1 8 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 2 2 5 2 2 6 2 2 7 2 2 8 2 2 9 2 2 10 2 2 11 2 2 12 2 2 13 2 2 14 2 2 15 2 2 16 2 2 17 2 2 18 2 2 19 Introduction V1 29 2007 09 20 Functionality Example Uses Getting Started System Requirements Installation Uninstall Program Overview Program Details Screen Views Raw Data 2D FFT 3D FFT V Waterfall H Waterfall Combo Continuum Phase Controls Center Frequency Control Demod Center Frequency Button16 Span Frequency Save Restore Buttons FFT Ave Smoothing FFT Size V Scale NCO Null Auto Scale Manual Vertical Slide Start Stop Pause Cont Cir Max FFT MEM FFT Auto Delta Auto MEM NB Mute Button Frequency Lock Button Copyright 2003 CoO N N nN OO a a 10 10 10 12 12 13 14 14 15 15 15 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 22 Table of Contents 2007 09 20 2 2 20 2 2 21 2 2 22 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 5 2 3 6 2 3 7 2 3 8 2 3 9 2 3 10 2 4 2 4 2 2 5 2 5 1 2 5 2 2 5 3 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 6 3 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 3 3 1 4 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 4 3 2 5 3 2 6 3 2 7 3 2 8 3 2 9 Demod On Check Box Demod Channel Select Button RMS PEAK S Meter Select Setup
31. _SpanFreq Data break case SVCMD DEMOD O0 FREQ m_DemodFreq0 Data break case SVCMD DEMOD 1 FREG m_DemodFreq1 Data break case SVCMD_DEMOD_MODE m_DemodGroup Data break return 0 3 1 3 Example Message Sending Example of sending a center frequency command to SpectraVue PostMessage HWND_BROADCAST wm_SVMessage WPARAM SVCMD_SET_CENTER_FREQ m_CFreq 3 1 4 Available Command Definitions The following command definitions are available and a h include file is provided in the Spectravue installation containing the supported commands define SV REGISTERED MSG STRING SpectraVueExtMsg define SV TO EXTERNAL 1 lt lt 31 bit OR d with SVCMD xxx to distinguish msgs coming from SV define SVCMD STATUS 0x10 Status values from SV define SV STATUS OFFLINE 0 define SV STATUS IDLE 1 define SV STATUS PAUSED 2 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 61 define SV STATUS RUNNING define define define define define SVCMD SQUELCH SVCMD START SVCMD PAUSE SVCMD STOP SVCMD DEMOD STATE define SV DEMOD OFF 0 define SV DEMOD ON 1 define define define define define SVCMD SET CENTER FREQ 0x50 SVCMD SET SPAN FREQ SVCMD DEMOD 0 FREQ SVCMD DEMOD 1 FREQ SVCMD DEMOD MODE define SV DEMOD AM 0 define define define define define define define define define SV DEMOD WBFM 1 SV DEMOD FM 2 SV DEMOD USB 3 SV DEMOD LSB 4 SV DEMOD CWU 5 SV D
32. and external radio center frequency will remain locked together This also allows demod to occur so one can have 2 extra receive channels 2 4 2 2 IF Mode Same Center Frequency In this configuration both the SDR xx and external radio maintain the same center frequency This means the SDR xx display will stay centered on the external radio s center frequency External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode setup AR5000 Select Ext Radio a V Keep Same Center Freq JA comz E Select Serial Port ine EE HF Tracking Mode IF amie sean Ext IF BWAiHz Ext Center Frequency HAz 10 00000 4000000 10002780 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 51 4 170213 MHz 37 65 External Radio IF Mode Jab LJ Dn ml IF Output Uto SUA l R o 434 serial External Radio Link De Dayleht Input iil 2 4 2 3 IF Mode Independent Center Frequency In this configuration the SDR xx tunes independently within the external radio s IF bandwidth This allows keeping the external radio tuned to a signal while being able to tune all around on signals around the external radio frequency External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode setup q Jars000 SelectextRadi ae Keep Same Center Freg Ja pa ener come x Select Serial Port In Go a HF Tracking Mode a600 select Bit Rate IF Center Freq Hz Ext IF BWA Ext Center Frequency Hz 10700000 4000000 10002750 Copyrigh
33. arkers are turned off 2 3 10 15 3D Display Parameters The 3D xy pixel shift edit boxes allow the user to specify how many screen pixels the 3D display will move every capture The screen moves left and up Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 47 The 3D scale value allows the user to scale the individual FFT amplitudes within the 3D display 2 3 10 16 Right to Left Continuum The Right to Left Continuum allows changing the direction of the continuum scrolling 2 3 10 17 Time Stamp Display The Timestamp Display box enables time stamping of the waterfall and continuum displays Adjust the color size and transparency of the timestamp font to give best viewing The Spin control allows the user to specify the time in seconds between each timestamp or by setting the value to zero will automatically calculate a suitable update rate 2 3 10 18 FFT Max dB This edit box allows entering a value to calibrate the display read directly in dBm This value is added to the FFT values It typically is around 4dB for the direct input mode 2 3 10 19 Pulse Mode Setup This check box changes the operation of Spectravue from frequency domain display to time domain display This mode will be implemented and expanded in future versions of SpectraVue It was originally implemented as a special mode to observe pulsars but may be expanded to other applications where power versus time is more useful than power versus frequency The FFT size becomes the capture buffer si
34. culated as well as all the spectral peak and averaging functions A demodulation section may also process the data with the demodulated audio sent to a soundcard or wave file There is more detailed information concerning the demodulator section elsewhere in this help file Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 8 2 Program Details Basic program setup and operation can be accomplished in the following order Select the desired Input Source Soundcard wave file SDR 14 or SDR IQ Setup the selected Input source Select bandwidth gains etc Select Output Setup and chose the soundcard wave file or other output modes Select FFT Setup and select any display options desired On the main screen select the FFT parameters desired Size and averaging On the main screen press the START button to begin capturing Sy IN C WavFiles FD40ssb1 wav SpectraVue ini File View ImputSource Wavefle IN Setup Gutoutsetup GeneralSetup Help 7 150 7 165 7 180 7 185 1210 7 225 7 240 7 255 7270 7 285 Offset _ Baw Data 2D Plat cet fer 16599 MHz 37 25 dB Shit renee swNCO 26000 AdB Demod Auto Scale Demod On i ET 5 WraveFile gt Sound 4 i AM FM Fs 158730 Hz ES i WE HEE EC WPM C DSB pwRres 78H oee BEES a 5 dB Div Scale Stop F 10 Pause F11 stani Setup Filter Los 100Hz2 His 2700Hz vvidth 2600Hz NE 26 Sep 2005 1 7 08 24 UTC Across the top of the screen are menu buttons that are
35. d removes the ripple from the filter pass band These files have an extension of fcf and a name corresponding to the AD6620 filter bandwidth that it will compensate For example the file Filter1500 fcf is used to compensate the 1500KHz BW AD6620 filter setting Before Trad 7 ek oben mt beden i Co at T PEF o a T ao a Lih la A Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 45 2 3 10 13 Memory Modes Three radio buttons are used to select the memory modes The max hold mode adds a second trace on the displays that is the maximum value for each point in the display over time Pressing the Clr Max FFT button on the main screen above the info box will reset the maximum values The delta display mode allows the user to save the current displayed trace into memory and then display a second trace which is the difference between the stored trace and the current FFT trace Pressing the MEM FFT button will save the current fft trace to memory Pressing the AUTO delta button toggles between the delta display difference between current and stored and the current and the stored memory traces All three are displayed on the screen with different colors to distinguish them The stored memory trace uses the Peak trace color 2 3 10 14 Markers harkers l Display Peak Markers 10 i Allow Mouse Click Markers Exclude 4 Display Peak Markers This box enables a peak finding routine that shows the 4 highest p
36. dBm This control auto scales the display to show the FFT delta buffer 2 2 16 Auto MEM T l T l 14076 149 KHz 9 320 dEr MEM FFT Auto MEM This control auto scales the display to show the FFT stored memory buffer 2 2 17 NB NE This control toggles the Noise Blanker on and off The noise blanker threshold and a duplicate on off control are in the Demod Setup Menu 2 2 18 Mute Button This control button toggles the squelch control to a mute position and back to its previous setting Itis a way to quickly mute the audio without shutting down the entire capture session The button turns red when muted Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 21 10 dB Dry y ocali Ready s 2 19 Frequency Lock Button 10000000 BELEIT The small button just to the left of the main frequency control can be pressed to lock the frequency display The button will turn red indicating a locked condition Pressing it again will unlock the frequency display This is useful to keep from accidentally moving off frequency 2 2 20 Demod On Check Box Demad 0 W Demod On fe And CFM E NFM C DSB C USB C OW C LSB O CNT Setup i F him The Demod On checkbox enables or disables the demodulator section It is only available when the SDR xx bandwidth is between 50KHz and 150KHz 2 2 21 Demod Channel Select Button This button only appears when the dual demod mode is
37. dds color to the display in place of the internal scale markings The colors correspond to the Waterfall color palette 14217 14231 14225 14228 14233 14237 14241 14245 14249 14253 14257 55 59 T5 02 95 105 Mm oy ad EN HIN Mh al Ce N 1 115 129 Raw Data aD FFT 30 FFT Waterfall H Waterfall Continuum Phase 14989 786 KHz 5217 HE Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 11 2 1 3 3D FFT The 3D FFT display shows the spectrum amplitude versus frequency plot of the incoming signal and then provides a running history in time of the FFT plot by shifting each past display up and to the right The center frequency and frequency span are set by the two main controls just below the FFT display area Amplitude in dB referenced to full scale is displayed on the left side of the display and frequency along the top The slider control on the right can be used to shift the amplitude display up or down For better displays play with the amplitude offset bar on the right and also the FFT smoothing value 14 212 14 214 14 216 14 218 14 29 14 222 AE EP L Ee nr 0 r r na ET Say ratie Eg bn vg AE in 7 Hr A p a plan i Kr fd ata m n a m eee mr Oh ie nn ty ne Th ee ALE 72 In re 7 z 1 Li At re en 1 Cn i F i Lol i A a nf J i e KEEK ck ee ee ca e IRAI aa Kd Den en ate WENT Te ME en Coy SE Se A ge E T E er RE 2D FFT 3D FFT V Waterfall
38. dio to be scaled This is active only when demodulation is not active the sound output is selected and the sample rate is less 100KHz This is useful for amplifying a captured RF file to a level that can be heard or for retransmission as I Q data The Demodulator has up to 2 channels If the Single Channel Demod box is selected then only one demodulator is used and is output to both Left and Right Speakers If the Dual Channel Demod Mono Output box is selected then both demodulators are used and combined into one mono audio stream to both Left and Right Speakers If the Dual Channel Demod Stereo Output box is selected then both demodulators are used and each demodulator audio stream is sent separately to the Left and Right Speakers Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 41 2 3 10 General Setup This menu is used to setup a variety of FFT and display options General Program Setup 5 d x 5 JPEG Compression Qualityi10 to 100 a Assign Display Colors Display Rater to 60 Secs update 0 select Waterfall Color Palette File Detault pal Use Comp selet FFI Compensation File Filteri 00 fcf 30 Options FFT Window Type C Blackman C Blackman Harris Memory Modes Display Units ks i C He Memory Display OFF 3D xy Pixel Shift 1 100 4 3 Co KHz Max Memory Display e MHz Delta Memory Display TN 30 Plot Scale to 1 10 3 N C GHz Markers V_Rightto Left Con
39. e Peak mode displays the maximum signal peak within the selected bandwidth Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 24 The RMS mode displays the RMS power within the specified bandwidth 2 3 Setup Menus Various setup menus are accessible along the top of the program screen File Miew Inputsource SDR 14 Setup Outputsetup FFI setup Help 2 3 1 File Menu Exit Load Setup save setup File As save FFT ta Excel File save screen Graphics File Print Print Setup PrintPreview 1 Spectrayv ue ini 2 eather ini 3 MleterslJSB ini 2 3 1 1 Load Save Setup These menu items allow the user to save all the program setup information into an ini file that can be uniquely named and loaded into the program later to restore the particular settings saved in the file This allows the user to create a library of various custom setups that can then be quickly loaded without having to setup all the various options again The most recently used file list can be clicked on to recall the last several ini files that have been used Note that the file Spectravue ini is the primary file for saving your settings when exiting the program and will be overwritten each time the program is exited It is loaded automatically when the program is first executed Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 25 2 3 1 2 Save FFT to Excel File This menu item allows the current raw FFT data to be saved to a comma separated file that can be imported into a spread
40. e filtering overhead and provide good aliasing performance without using up too much CPU time Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 70 The following is a code segment of the main re sampler loop fort int i 0 i lt InLength i While phase lt doublem InterpRatio int h 0 int k intiphase phase m DecRatio nt c tm CoefLength 1 double pCoef m_ pCoefjk double output m_pHistory ht pCoef c fort imt i du m CoetLength i output tm pHistory h poef e output plnfi poef 0 pOut j output phase doublejm InterpFatio Update history array fort imt m U m lt m CoefLength 1 mt m pHistory m m_pHistory 1m 1 A Last input m pHistory m plnfi 3 2 9 Noise Blanker The noise blanker function operates on the I Q signal prior to any filtering by the demodulator It is a very simple minded algorithm which looks at small sections of the waveform at a time and keeps a running average of the absolute magnitude over that section If the main signal ever goes above this average by a specified threshold value then the main waveform is set to zero until the signal drops below the threshold This basically finds any pulse type signal and zeros it out Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 71 Threshold Running Average DTO I Threshold Running Average DTO Q 3 3 FFT Implementation The primary FFT algorithm used by SpectraVue is a modified version writt
41. en by Takuya Ooura http momonga t u tokyo ac jp ooura It uses his radix 4 FFT package and has been modified to provide a lot of post processing such as averaging conversion to decibel power peak hold etc The FFT can be looked at as N number of band pass filters each looking at a different frequency of the input frequency The FFT is just an algorithm that efficiently implements this large number of filter banks Each frequency bin is evenly spaced across the sampling frequency range For real data inputs the range is only half the sample rate The bin band width is the sampling frequency divided by the number of FFT points SpectraVue implements FFTs from 2048 points to 262144 points The amplitude of the FFT is converted to power in decibels by taking the Log of the FFT output It is scaled so that the minimum power level is 250 dB and the maximum value is OdB This maximum value is assumed to be the largest 16 bit sin wave input possible Since the output of the SDR xx and soundcards is 16bits the input signal can never be greater than this A pure input sin wave Asin wt will produce an fft output peak of N A Kx 42 where N is FFT_ SIZE Kx 2 for complex 4 for real FFT Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 72 To convert to a Power dB range PdBmax 10 log10 N A Kx 42 K_C K_B PdBmin 10 logi0 0 K_C K_B if N A Kx 42 gt gt K_C Then K_B PdBmax 20 log10 N A Kx K_C 10 PdBmin K_B 10 4 Operat
42. ency I Hz 2e He Demod Cyr Offset Frequency Moise Glanker H 0 Hz l On Threshold F AGC Decay 5 1000 Hang L 0 cancel This menu exists for each demodulator mode Depending on the mode some items are not selectable These settings are shared with both demodulator channels 2 5 2 1 Filter Designer Filter Designer Low Cutoff Frequency Width High Cutoit Frequency ml U Hz al el Hz This menu allows the user to customize the demodulator filter width and positions For single sideband modes USB LSB the low and high cut positions can be adjusted independently The other modes are symmetrical around the center frequency and so only the width may be adjusted The filter alpha s are determined by the program and are not user definable If the Show Filter response box is checked then the actual filter shape is displayed on the 2D FFT display The Hi and Low cutoffs are the 6dB points of the filters Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 1 BH rn rn TE TX l T 4 J HL ya gt Fal Ut a ty et et If the high cut off is greater than 3600Hz then a higher sample rate is used in the filters This causes a jump in the shape of filters about this transition point The higher cutoff filters are not as sharp as the narrower ones 2 5 2 2 Demod CW Offset Frequency Demod CW Offset Frequency Erm This edit box provides a way to offset the filter and display frequency for receiving CW tones T
43. es FFT size and other common settings ge ESMEE NEE SEE Un eae Se eel Shift 7 sw MICO 28000 Demod Frequency 81 5 Demod Auto Scale 1 FFT Awe W Demod On 7 253 000mhz TAM C Eh WaveFile gt Saund Smaothi Fs 158730 Hz 0 mooning ane Spar Restore g AEN i DSE BW Res 78 Hz Wee tC ee EKE MHz LSB CW 5 dB Div V Scale Stop F10 Pause F11 Setup MUTE Filter Lo 100Hz Hi 2700Hz Width 2600H2 RMS NE 2 2 1 Center Frequency Control The center frequency control is used to specify the display center frequency This value and the frequency span value determine the FFT display s range and position within the FFT If the SDR xx is used as an input source this frequency is also the NCO frequency that corresponds to the zero frequency of the complex FFT The frequency units can be specified in the FFT setup menu The frequency control can be set in several ways Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 15 Place the mouse cursor on the digit you wish to change or press one of the arrow keys The digit background will change color Use the mouse or left or right arrow keys to change digit positions within the control MHz e Type the desired numeric digit using the keyboard The selected digit will move to the right so that an entire frequency value can simply be entered from the keyboard e Click the mouse on the top of the selected digit to increment that digit value or on the bottom of the
44. his is essentially the tone frequency that will be heard in the CW mode when the display frequency is exactly the same as the incoming signal This offset can also be used in the USB mode to shift the demodulated signal up in frequency before sending it out This can be used to output a 12KHz IF signal to the sound card for further decoding by a DRM Digital Radio Mondiale decoder If this offset value is gt 0 then the demodulator frequency display changes to a center value so the incoming signal is centered as opposed to being at the left side as is normal for USB signals For DRM reception set the offset to KHz and the low cut to OHz and the high cut to 10KHz This will center the DRM signal around the 12KHz frequency going out the soundcard or wave file 2 5 2 3 Noise Blanker Noise Blanker On Threshold Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 56 This controls a simple noise blanker algorithm Checking the On box enables it Adjust the threshold for best results Too high a threshold will severely distort the spectrum and signals so use just enough to clip the noise 2 5 2 4 AGC AGC This sets the AGC constants The decay time is in Milliseconds and is the exponential decay time for the AGC The Attack time is fixed at 10 Milliseconds Hang time is in Milliseconds and is a delay time after the signal has gone before the delay time is activated 2 5 3 Signal Squelch Bar The vertical bar display to the
45. ill display the remote PC s IP address that must be entered into the SpectraVue setup menu After exiting the setup menu SpectraVue should connect to the remote SDR xx and on the remote computer the following status should be displayed with the remote PC s IP address displayed E SDR 4Server 1 02 USB SUR 14 Connected Met Connected to 127 0 0 1 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 34 SpectraVue should now be able to run the remote SDR xx as if it were directly connected to the PC Note Trying to connect over slow network connections such as the Internet or 802 11b systems will not work since the data rates are too high Use a wired Ethernet or 802 11g high speed network connection To aid in testing out a system one can run SpectraVue on the same remote PC that the SDR14Server is running on and use the loopback IP address of 127 0 0 1 The SDR xx data will loopback through the PC network stack and one can verify that the remote server and SpectraVue setup is working before trying to debug a network system Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 35 2 3 9 Output Setup This menu selects various output modes for the program Data Output Selection ee x Wave File Capture Setup Delay start Time h7 i aa UTE Minutes Enable Delayed Start C Mo Wave File Capture RF Data to Wave File C Demod to Wave File M Repeat every 24 hr i Chain Multiple Files with imeStamp Names File Sample Rate M Quality Write wi
46. ints and adjusts the vertical position so that the average is somewhere near the bottom of the screen This function is automatically invoked whenever the vertical resolution is changed This control is particularly useful in finding the display trace if it is off screen Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 19 2 2 11 Manual Vertical Slide 300 This control is used to move the viewable vertical window of the display The control can be changed by dragging the control arrow or by clicking on either side of the arrow The total range of the display is 170 to 170 dB referenced to full scale 2 2 12 Start Stop Pause Cont Three buttons at the bottom of the screen control the starting stopping pausing or resuming of the data capture process Function keys F10 F11 and F12 are mapped to these buttons as well Stopped State Stop F10 Pause F11 Stari Fi2 Running State aa GEN le J stoptFl Dj Ps sel Cont F12 Paused State 2 2 13 Cir Max FFT ee fe l ii I J 14241 379 KHz 02 54 dBm CirFFTMax Auto Scale Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 20 This button is used to reset the max hold buffer when the maximum hold display is active 2 2 14 MEM FFT 14076 149 KHz 9 320 dm MEM FFT Auto MEM This button is used to store the current FFT display into the reference buffer when the delta FFT mode is active 2 2 15 Auto Delta IE I f 1 L T LI i i J 14039 655 KHz 132
47. ion Hints 4 1 Calibration The following ideas are presented to help one calibrate the SDR xx and SpectraVue for applications where wither frequency or power accuracy is needed 4 1 1 Sample Clock Frequency Calibration The internal sample clock of the SDR xx is a crystal oscillator running at a nominal frequency of 66 666 Mhz It is not oven controlled or adjustable so some means is needed to correct for it in SpectraVue The easiest way to calibrate is to input a known reference frequency into the SDR xx and accurately measure it using SpectraVue The difference in the measured and actual frequency can then be used to change the value SpectraVue uses for the sample clock WWV can be used if a decent signal is available or a good lab source A local AM station carrier could also be used to get reasonably close The following SpectraVue setup can be used to help calibrate the system After it is up working one can save this calibration setup to the ini setup file to make life easier next time you want to calibrate 1 Setup SDR xx for a 50Khz BW and set the A D Sample Frequency to nominal of 6666666 7Hz if not already there It doesn t have to be but for this example it is what it would be the first calibration time Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 73 SDR 14 Setup x ple Freq hz Ref 10000000 Meas fiooo0000 and Otinvert spectrum Cale RF Inout Source Direct Input ch 0 Custom 6620 Filter File Picts tale Fi
48. les that are optional palette files used for the waterfall colors The FilterComp folder contain optional fcf filter compensation files used for flattening out the SDR xx filter shapes The two main files for the program are SpectraVue exe and a single dll file IOModule dll Several ini files are included with some program settings for a few common modes The file Specravue ini file is saved each time program exits and saves the users current settings The spectravue pdf file is the help file which can be read using Acrobat Reader or similar programs 1 3 3 Uninstall The uninsO00 exe program can be used to uninstall SpectraVue from your computer or you can use the shortcut placed in the Windows Program Start Menu If any additional files were created during use such as ini bmp or wav files they will have to be manually deleted Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 7 1 4 Program Overview A block diagram of the overall program functions is shown below It Display Input SOUPCeS AD FFT Display FFT Parameters S FFT Display FFT Functions Taa ale Sourd card Beels ea RIFF Ware File Demod Parameters Demodutlation Functions J R E J ea pE The data input can come from the an SDR xx unit a soundcard or a RIFF wav file A simple display of the raw data is available which is useful to set audio levels on a soundcard or adjust DC offsets The data stream is then sent to the FFT engine where the basic FFT is cal
49. lter6U imp 50000 C 20 dB C 10d4B 30 dB Calibrated Screen Useable Biz a Srresponding Input Center Frequency Using Frequency Display Offset in the FFT Filter Bandwidth C Custom TC 60 KHz setup Menu C BKHe C c00 KHz be Digtal Downconverter settings B CIC Scale d GRZIF Gain C 10 KH 1000 KH LIC Rate a 24 0E C 25 KHz C 1500 KHz CICE Rate 30 CICS Scale ral Demod Ok C Ra RCF Rate 5 RCF Scale 0 C 4000 KHz C 100 KHz DIE TAPE 222 15 dB C 12 dB M NCO Amp Dither C 150 KHz Total Decimation 1200 F NCO Phase Dither Final sample Rate 55555 Cancel Update Firmware 2 Set the FFT setup menu as shown with the Display Peak Markers button checked 30 MHz 6620 Off Real Mode Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 14 FFT Window Type Frequency Display Offset Hz Assign Display Colors pn select Waterall Color Palette File Detault pal sing Detault 30 Options x Y 3D xy Pixel Shift 1 100 d b 1 M 3D Plot Scaler to 1 10 2 N M Rightto Let Continuum l Color 20 Graph l Time Stamp Display Slow CPU Mode FFT MaxdB 4 5 skips N updates Display Update Rate U to bi Secs update l rt cancel 3 Setup the main screen as follows with an FFT size of 65536 an average of 5 or so a center frequency of 1OMHz for WWV demod OFF and a span of 500Hz Press Start and adjust the screen to allow easy viewing of the 10MHz peak Note the little bl
50. m is re sampled so that the output sample rate is exactly 8KHz or 48KHz The soundcard runs at a fixed 48KHz while the wave file data can be either 8KHz or 48KHz 3 2 1 NCO Mixer Decimation Stages This stage shifts the desired signal frequency to zero for base band processing The decimation stages down sample the input from 1 to 20 to get as close to 8 or 48KHz as possible before entering the main filter routines The Wideband FM demodulator is a special case where the FM is demodulated before the decimation stages in order to use the full input bandwidth Below is a C code excerpt of the complex mixer NCO and first decimation stage Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 64 fort i i lt length d 1 put new samples into Queue offset x costm Timemc fCreate NCO values offset y sintm Timeinc m Timeinc m softNCOlnc update NCO acc x m DCoffset double pinli get LO sample acc y m DCoffset double pln it l add DC offset Complex multiply input by NCO data m pCpruefm otate loffset x acc x Coffset y acc yi m pCpxQuelm state y offset x acc yi offset y acc zi decimate by m Val filter iff 4 m_sampontivom Val 0 Weale first decimation filter every m Val samples acc 0 0 acc y U0 Firptr m_pUpe Que Eptr m_ poef m FirLen m_ state forij 0 j m FirLen j Ado the MAC s i acc X Firptr gt x Kptr 3 acc y Firptr gt y Eptr 5 3 pOut n acc
51. med Save OFF Timestamped Files C File Append Overwrite Selecting this file saving option will capture the screen every N seconds to a timestamped file or it will overwrite the selected file each time Either png or jog graphics formats are supported In general the png works best for everything except the waterfall displays where the jog works best Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 38 2 3 9 5 Save Continuum Data as CSV Excel Format File FFT Continuum File saving f No Output File Saving Timed saves Cea Rae a ae Pa Ai Es L I a 1 i I eE E E ee E Toe ke ry Save Continuum Data to CS Excel Format File 10 to 3600 Seconds C Save Waterfall FFT Data as 1 byte oixel BMP Format File Use Screen Resolution C Cave FFT Wate as Cav Excel Format File a ned Onl e Timed save OFF C Timestamped Files ta as Ca Excel Fi ze Only el eoa save absolute FFT Data as byte Custom Binary Format File Select Out File CA Continuum cs This menu specifies a comma separated file that will be written with timestamp information average continuum data and peak continuum data The following is an example of the data format 12 02 2003 17 23 01 108 132 63 530954 12 02 2003 17 23 06 108 457 75 24949 12 02 2003 17 23 11 108 143 69 852774 2 3 9 6 Save Waterfall Data as 1 byte pixel BMP Format File FFT Continuum File saving
52. nce frequency and a measured frequency and pressing the Calc button will calibrate the sample frequency automatically e There are 13 fixed bandwidth setups that can be chosen If the 30MHz bandwidth is selected the AD6620 down converter is bypassed and the entire 33 3 MHz wide A D data is directly processed by SpectraVue using a real mode FFT Note that for demodulation only the 50KHzto 190KHz bandwidths can be used Some PC s may not be able to use the 190KHz mode as it pushes the USB bus to the limit The AD6620 settings area of the screen displays the current AD6620 decimation rates and filter sizes The AD6620 IF gain can be selected from 0 to 24dB in 6dB steps This value is best kept at 24dB unless very strong signals are being analyzed and the SDR 14 is being overloaded Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 29 e The input source can be selected as either direct to the A D ch0 or through a preamp and a 30MHz low pass filter ch1 Note The direct A D input should not be directly connected to an antenna It requires a bandpass filter and preamp in order to be used as a harmonic sampling receiver above 30MHz It is also not protected from voltage spikes and ESD events e lf ch is used the preamp attenuator RF gain can be selected The Calibrated screen check box forces the display to remain calibrated regardless of RF gain setting e f the red clipping light flashes on the SDR 14 use the Channel 1 RF Gain setting to add attenua
53. nth DD is the day HH is the hour MM is the minute and SS is the second All times and dates are 24 hour UTC time The file chaining will continue indefinitely so it is up to the user to make sure enough drive space is available It is a good idea to set the file size limit as big as you can deal with to prevent a large number of files being produced Perhaps 640 Megs or so would be a good number so it could easily be archived to a CD The SDR xx can create very large files very quickly so it is a good idea to be aware of how much space is available and how fast SpectraVue can create large files 2 3 9 2 Qualify Write With Squelch T Quality Write with Squelch If the demodulator is enabled then the Qualify Write with Squelch check box will only save to the file when the squelch control is open This is useful for capturing to disk only the active time of a signal Note that the timestamp information in the file will not be accurate since the file is not being written to continuously 2 3 9 3 Delayed Start Function SpectraVue captures can be automatically started at a user defined time for unattended operation This is most useful for capturing data to wave files late at night or when there is no one around to start it Delay start Time Run Time Minutes 17 H g Kd ITC m Enable Delayed Start bw Repeat every 24 hr Two parameters must be set
54. nuum Data to CS Excel Format File 10 to 3600 Seconds c save Waterfall FFT Data as 1 byte pmel BMP Format File Use Screen Resolution eae ee eee are pte eee a File Append Overwrite save absolute FFT Data as byte Custom Binary Format File Select Out File C FFTdata csv This mode is only available in the timed save mode Every N seconds the entire FFT data values are saved to a CSV format file f Timed save OFF C Timestamped Files eio A L T I m mi m on Co C FT Ci D TI i T T 5 L Cc Co The first row of comma separated data is the frequency of each FFT bin in HZ The second row is the amplitude information in dB for each FFT bin Its best to keep the FFT size as small as possible since Excel can get overwhelmed with large data arrays very quickly 2 3 9 8 Save Absolute FFT Data as 2 byte binary format file FFT Continuum File Saving No Output File Saving Timed saves C Sereen Caoture to File IPG PENG r MIE Format imed Gts 0 f Save Continuum Data to CSW Excel Format File 10 to 3600 Seconds oe Cave waterfall FFI Data AS byte pixel ed Format File e Ee e e e AE Use Screen Resolution Save Fel Data as Ca Excell Format File ined Only f Save absolute FFT Data as byte Custom Binary Format File select Out File CFF data tt This menu specifies a custom 2 byte binary format file that will be written with the raw FFT data C Timestam
55. over the entire span and or the peak power within the span Frequency Spans from 5KHz to 30MHz in various step sizes Using SDR xx unit Signal demodulation of AM FM WFM USB LSB narrow CW modes when using the 50 to 190KHz Frequency Span and SDR xx unit Up to two separate demodulation channels can be active simultaneously Programmable demodulation filters Saving and playback of captured spectrum using RIFF wav files IF Panadapter mode that allows external radios to be used in front of the SDR xx and maintain display frequency synchronization A variety of file saving options ranging from saving the raw data to saving demodulated audio to saving various waterfall displays using PNG or JPEG graphics file formats Network Client for remote SDR xx operation Example Uses General signal frequency domain analysis of spectra Radio Astronomy applications where very weak wide bandwidth signals can be viewed with up to 30MHz bandwidth and a 254 Hz bandwidth resolution Demodulating various signals and viewing signal activity over a 150KHz bandwidth in real time Storing and playing back sampled data for later analysis or demodulation Panadapter connected to IF of wideband general coverage receivers 1 3 Getting Started SpectraVue is a complicated program and it is suggested that the user familiarize ones self with the basic operation of the program by spending a few minutes reading through this help file and by playing with the
56. ower peaks as x s on the display as well as numeric values in the INFO box This is a more accurate way of obtaining frequency and amplitude since the actual FFT value is used and not the screen accuracy The Exclude box allows the user to exclude a specified percentage of the total screen width around a previously found peak This keeps from finding all the peaks around a single jagged signal Allow Mouse Click Markers This box enables the display marker system that works in the following way 1 Right click on the spectral display near where you want to attach a marker A red triangle should attach to the FFT display The F3 to F8 keys can be used to position it exactly where you want F3 4 and 5 move it left while F6 7 and8 move it right at different rates The numeric value of the marker is shown in the INFO box Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 46 sound Card Blks 63 Fs 49000 Hz Bi Res 2 9 Hz r 0009766 KHz 42 66 dB 2 Left click on another part of the waveform and the first red marker freezes at the last value of the spectrum and a new yellow marker attaches to the new FFT position It can also be moved with the function keys The numeric value of the delta between the two markers is now shown in the INFO box I j d j me pee ee Le RTT Pal ot jn T I I b o0 d KHz 69 74 dm 0 1640625 KHz 34 54 dB 3 Right clicking again gets back to step 1 Right click again and the m
57. ped Files C File Append Overwrite The File format is a 1024 byte header containing the following information Number data points per FFT 32 bit value Little Endean byte format FFT size 32 bit value Little Endean byte format FFT sample rate in Hz 32 bit value Little Endean byte format Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 40 FFT center frequency 32 bit value Little Endean byte format The remaining bytes in the 1024 byte header are 0 Starting at file location 0x400 1024 the FFT data is placed as a 2 byte signed integer that represents the FFT data times 100 So for example a 135 23dB point would be saved as a 16 bit integer 13523 Little Endean word All FFT points are saved regardless of the span so the next FFT line would begin at 0x400 FF TSIZE for real FFTs or 0x400 FFTSIZE 2 for complex FFTs 2 3 9 9 Soundcard Demod Output Setup soundcard Demod Output setup C Single Channel Demod Mon Demod Playback Gani dE f Dual Channel Demod Mono Output 0 C Dual Channel Demod StereoDutput M Outputto SoundCard SoundCard The Soundcard output menu allows enabling the soundcard for output This is primarily for listening to demodulated signals but can also be used in playing back wave files or listening directly to I Q data if the soundcard supports the input sample rate The Soundcard selection menu allows selecting a particular soundcard for multiple soundcard systems The non demod playback gain control allows the au
58. right of the frequency controls is signal strength meter and squelch control The height of the bar is the signal strength If demodulation is off then the level and height are the peak amplitude within the entire current display span lf demodulation is active then the level is the signal strength within the demodulator pass band The exception is if in NBFM then the level is the FM noise quieting level for use with the squelch Clicking on the blue bar within the control or dragging it to the desired level sets the squelch threshold If the signal is below the threshold it turns grey Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 57 4dB Ln a 1 The button above the Squelch control is the peak signal strength within the demodulator filter bandwidth Pressing the button toggles between dB display and an S meter reading E E z The range is SO to S9 and S9 10 to S9 60dB The small tics are the S units the longer ones the over S9 units When in the FM mode the squelch level is not the signal power but is the output of the FM noise activated squelch so just has a range of 0 to 14 2 6 Miscellaneous Displays The program has some other displays scattered around the main screen 2 6 1 Info Box 14 066661 MHz 69 16 dB Clr FFT Max Auto Scale Idle Fs 151513 Hz By Res 74Hz 0 0098394673 MHz 4 707 dB Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 58 This text box displays the program status as well as some information
59. ritten into is unaffected by this setting since they have an independent control for qualifying with the squelch control 2 3 10 5 Color 2D Graph Selecting this feature changes the 2D FFT display mode so that the graticule is replaced by a graduated color scheme where the 2D display changes color with amplitude using the same palette as the waterfall display 14217 14221 14225 14228 142393 14237 14241 14245 14249 14253 14287 55 65 75 55 95 105 115 129 Raw Data 2D FFT 30 FET Waterfall H Waterfall Continuum Phase 14259 7006 KHz 52 17 dB 2 3 10 6 Slow CPU Mode slow CFL Mode skips N updates Z N The Slow CPU mode forces the program to skip display updates in order to reduce computational load on the processor As the number of N grows larger the more updates that are skipped by the display A value of zero runs the display at full speed Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 43 2 3 10 7 Mouse Click Resolution This group of menu items allows the selection of how to round off the frequency when using the mouse to click close to a signal on the display 2 3 10 8 JPEG Compression Quality The image quality of the jog compression can be adjusted One trades off quality for smaller files The larger the number the larger the file and better the quality PNG files are best used for all images except waterfalls The 2D graphs compress very well with PNG and there is no image quality loss 2 3 10 9 Display
60. ses two identical band pass filters which provide the final demodulator band width The Q data is shifted by 90 degrees and then added or subtracted from the data to obtain the upper or lower sideband audio Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 69 The BP filters are designed as Low pass filters and then converted to tow band pass filters using the following method a Design a lowpass FIR filter with a passband ot the desired GP passband and also to whatever stapband goals b Convert the LP coefficients to and O BP FIR coefficients using the following equations A mpl M 2 pla coel Zand NM I d T OAI Bpap t Ah rpn jin dri es where a heiden Lowpass FIR Coefficien t Ja Bandpass Center Fre quency NM Humber of Coetticien ts T Sample Period 3 2 DSB Demodulator The DSB demodulator follows the following block diagram DSB Detector The Double sideband detector just uses the data and band pass filters it 3 2 8 Re sampler The SDR xx sends data to SpectraVue at various data rates depending on the bandwidth chosen and actual clock rates These rates are typically not an integer multiple of standard soundcard rates so a means to convert by a fraction was needed Interpolation Resampling ratio L M The basic idea is to perform an integer interpolation up by a large number then decimate back down to the desired rate using a second integer value By using a few tricks one can reduce th
61. sheet for further analysis or graphing The file contains 2 columns The first column is the frequency in Hz and the second is the amplitude in dB relative to full scale This only saves one FFT block of data that was the last one captured 2 3 1 3 Save Screen Graphics File This menu item allows the current screen to be saved to a graphics file The format can be png omp or Jpg 2 3 1 4 Print Print Setup Print Preview These menu items are used to invoke the Windows printer functions The current screen can be printed out One must stop or pause the capturing process before printing or the screen may not print as expected 2 3 2 View Menu The view menu allows the user to hide the bottom status bar and or force the program to always be on top of the desktop View Inputsource Status Bar Always On top 2 3 3 Input Source This menu item allows the selection of a data input source Currently 4 sources are available InputDevice SOR Soundcard Wave File SDR 14 SDR IG The Input setup menu depends upon the input source selected Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 26 2 3 4 Soundcard Input Setup soundCard Input Setup Soundcard C Media wave Device PO Comp sample Rate 4o000 SFE 100 alpha B Limit ABD Hz I beta L 10 dc Center Frec 14060000 wp 126 G de W Stereo Complex l A G L j sample Offset if Swap land Ofinvert spectrum CT E C cael
62. stem 3 1 1 Registered Message The registered message string used is SpectraVueExtMsg define SV REGISTERED MSG STRING SpectraVueExtMsg In Microsoft C the following line is used to obtain a registered message value Registered window message for external process control const UINT wm_SVMessage RegisterWindowMessage _T SV_ REGISTERED MSG _ STRING 3 1 2 Example Message Handler The following message handler macro can be defined ON REGISTERED MESSAGE wm SVMessage OnSVMessage An example service routine for messages coming from SpectraVue Handler for registered window message wm_SVMessage which is posted to all top level windows in the system when communicating with an external process wParam contains the command and IParam the data LRESULT CSVExtControlDlg OnSVMessage WPARAM Cmd LPARAM Data lf message is posted from this process do nothing if Cmd amp SV_TO_EXTERNAL return 0 Cmd amp SV_TO_EXTERNAL get rid of msb flag switch Cmd case SVCMD_STATUS switch Data case SV_STATUS_OFFLINE m_StatusTxtCtrl SetWindowText Offline break case SV STATUS IDLE m_StatusTxtCtrl SetWindowText Idle Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 break case SV STATUS PAUSED m_StatusTxtCtrl SetWindowT ext Paused break case SV_STATUS_ RUNNING m_StatusTxtCtrl SetWindowText Running break break case SVCMD_SET_CENTER_FREQ m_CFreq Data break case SVCMD SET SPAN FREQ m
63. t 2003 2007 09 20 52 External Radio IF Mode Jab IF Output Uto 30MH Ro 434 serial External Radio Link Ditl Dayhent Input ai 2 4 2 4 Block Down Converter Mode If the Custom Radio selection is made one can enter fixed values for a custom block down converter The following example is a down converter that converts 8 432123456 GHz to 28MHz with a 4MHz IF Bandwidth It is also an inverting downconverter CXIES Radio IF f Peneacgeapler Mode setup Custom Bd Select Ext Radio ADR Keep Same Center Freq 4A come Select Serial Port al ie u AS Ke HF Tracking Mode 3600 select Bit Rate IF Center Freq Hz Ext IF Biz Ext Center Frequency da 4000000 odz 123456 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 53 Block Down converter Mode Down converter Ditl Dayhent IF Output Input U to SUEZ 2 5 Demodulator Setup The demodulation features of SpectraVue are only available when the AD6620 bandwidth is 50 100 or 150KHz For Soundcard input it must be around 48KHz 2 5 1 Mode Selection i Demod On C Ahl C FR C AF C DSB f USB CCAA LSB TCA ne This menu allows selection of various demodulation modes Each modulation mode has its own settings and is modified by pressing the Setup button while the desired mode is selected Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 54 2 5 2 Demod Setup Demodulation setup x Filter Designer Low Cutoff Frequency Width High Cutoff Frequ
64. th Squelch 158720 select Wave File Lo capture was In Output File Size Limit in Mega Bytes 1 to 2147 FFT Continuum File saving Timed Saves 10 to 3600 Seconds Save Continuum Data to SY Excel Format File C Save Waterfall FFT Data as 1 bytel pixel BWF Format File M Use Screen Resolution C Save FFT Data as CSW Excel Format FileiTimed Only C Save absolute FFT Data as 2 byte Custom Binary Format File select Out File C screendata png Timed Save OFF Timestamped Files C File Append Overvwrite soundcard Demod Output setup C Single Channel Demod Non Demod Playback GainidB C Dual Channel Demod Mono Output T Dual Channel Demod Stereo Output i Outputto SoundCard Soundcard Use Default SoundCard cael 2 3 9 1 Wave File Chaining This feature allows very long data captures by breaking the output wave files into multiple files Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 36 The checkbox for chaining multiple files enables a mode where SpectraVue will write to a wave file until the maximum file size limit is reached and then close that file and start writing to a new file These filenames are created from the name provided by the user with a time and date label added to the end of each filename For example if the user chooses a filename of test wav and the chaining feature is enabled the filename will be changed to test YYMMDD_HHMMSS wav where YY is the last 2 digits of the year MM is the mo
65. tinuum LR Button Freq Change Display Peak Markers l lv Time Stamp Display Squelched Display Allow Mouse Click Markers Exclude 4 a o Sec D sAUTC Color 2D Graph Pulse Mode Setup slow CPU Mode Pulse Mode Enable T FFT Max dE skips N updates Cancel Mouse Click Resolution C 20 KHz C 500 Hz C 10KHz 100Hz C 9KHz C 10Hz 5 KHz C 1Hz C 1 EHz C yar ha 2 3 10 1 FFT Window Type The FFT window type can be selected The Hanning window is probably the best all around window to use 2 3 10 2 Display Units The display units that are used for the display and frequency controls can be specified 2 3 10 3 L R Button Freq Change This checkbox selects between two mehtods of using the mouse buttons to change the frequency When checked the left mouse button increases the frequency and the right button decreases the frequency of the selected digit Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 42 If the box in NOT checked then the digit frequency is increased by left clicking on the top part of the digit and decreased by left clicking on the bottom part of the digit 2 3 10 4 Squelched Display This enables a mode where the display is only updated when the squelch is open when using the demodulation modes Not only is the display frozen when the squelch closes but any FFT data file such as the omp capture or binary data file is not written into when the squelch is closed Any wave file being w
66. tion until the red light does not flash it is normal for a random flash to occur during normal operation due to transients on the antenna e lf the Network Interface is selected the edit boxes for the desired IP and port addresses are used to specify the IP address and port This feature is an option and requires a separate USB to TCP IP Server application running to be able to use e External Radio Panadapter setup is described in a separate section under Program Details e The Firmware update button enables a menu to update the SDR 14 s internal firmware One opens the update hex file and presses Start to begin the firmware update The SDR 14 must be attached and powered up for this menu to be used e The External HW Sync should remain unchecked for normal operation of the SDR 14 SDR 14 Firmware Update x werl1 4sdr14 hex Selected File Version O14 CurrentBootVersion 1 02 Current Firmware Version 0 14 ASCP Wersion 0 02 RFSampler Serial Number EGO Idle START Exit Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 30 2 3 7 SDR IQ Setup SDR 10 Setup a x Update Firmware Ref 10000000 jesce8e67 Meas jio000000 External Hi Syne Cale External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode Setup JAR5000 xl steed ADR V Keep Same Center Freq sDRIG Y Select Serial Port 4A Iv Inverted IF RF Gain jv Use Fixed Settings je 10dB 10 dB C Ode C
67. tually hearing various signals in real time Demodulator Section Main Blocks Cutoff Frequencies Frequency I AM Q Demod Filter Designer Software I Interpolation Rate NCO a rM Decimation Rate Demod Filter Parameters Q I l to 20 LEEF WEN Audio Out Decimation Filter Q Demod Fixed KHz or 48K sample rate Interpolate Q Resampler 1 to 20 LEEF I Decimation Filter SSB CW Q Demod 4 EHz to 158 73E Hz _8KHz OR A8KHE Input sample rate range sample rates I DSB Q Demod I Q data from the input source is sent to the demodulator block It is first tuned to the desired signal using a complex mixer and software NCO This allows one to tune in signals anywhere within the input bandwidth which could be up to 150KHz wide Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 63 Next the I Q streams are decimated down as close to either 8KHz or 48Khz as possible using integer decimation stages The decision as to which decimation rate to use is determined by the selected Filter bandwidth If the bandwidth is greater than 3600Hz then the higher 48KH rate is used Next the signal is either low pass filtered or band pass filtered depending on the demodulation mode These filters are designed on the fly depending on the cutoff frequencies specified by the user The output of the filters is then presented to the appropriate demodulator block that takes the I Q signal and extracts the specified modulation as a real audio data stream Finally the real audio strea
68. ue x on the peak and its corresponding marker frequency of 10000 065Khz in the info box This is the measured frequency of WWV and shows that the program is off by 65Hz Rectangle C Hamming f Hanning Display Units Hz fe KHz C MHz C GHz Memory Modes Memory Display OFF C Max Memory Display C Delta Memory Display Liven Real Spectrum l Squelched Display Wa Display Peak Markers On ble Cursor Markers Remember the program can only measure frequency as accurately as the FFT BW resolution so make sure you use a large enough FFT to get within 1 Hz or so The example show a 85HZBW so is ok Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 75 988975 99998 999985 99999 999995 10000 10000 100001 100002 100002 100003 a DEDEN DE EDE DEE DNDEE 554 z z z 60g i 55 B E 0 SOES Di 758 804 RE ae 654 f Fie err ra 05 2 f f 2 pp eae f 1003 z z i 3 RONSE TOER a A OPI Ta z i 0 5 F f anes RRT EE ee a ee a L 1104 LAP LAVA STAN A PENIS et TDL ER n AT PA A eee 11h eeb et OEE i 1158 ee Bode aan AN A DEEL OEE renee Bk Ean El AT rt H 120 Raw Data T i H Waterfall Continuum Phase EHz 116 9 dB 10000 12 hiw NCO 11000088 pr Auto Scale SDR 14 0 E smoothing e a Ean gt C USB i nanao SRE C Sp 10000 065 KHz 56 52 dB i N UU Ub RA 702 03 dE 3 CCAA 9999 9653 KHz 56
69. urce Direct Inputich 0 e 0 30 MHz ich 1 A D Sample FregiHz Update Firmware H oat Ret 10000000 es666667 Meas fiooonono External Hi Sync Calc External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode setup JAR5000 Select Ext Radio GE V Keep Same Center Freq AA SDR14 x Select Serial Port aa Ie v J ki _HF Tracking Mode ason select Bit Rate IF Center Freq Hz Ext IF Br Hz Ext Center FreguencyiHz 10700000 4000000 10002780 Filter Bandwidth KEEL Digital Downconverter Settings CIC Rate 5 CIC Scale i 6620 IF Gain C 24 dB oo all CICS Rate CICS Scale C 1808 RCF Rate J RCF Scale 2 12 dB IRA Total Decimation 420 EAEN R Final Sample Rate 158730 Ch 1 RF Gain OdB C 20 dB Wools ep les Calibrated Screen C EKHz C 10 KHz C 50 KHz 500 KHz 1000 KHz 1500 KHz 2000 KHz 4000 KHz 6 B 0 dB 100 KHz i 150 KHz 190 KHz Interface Selection ie USB C Network Network SOR 14 Setup IP Address lz 00 0 1 Fort FOOD May not work on all P s 30 MHz 6620 Off Real Mode This setup menu is used to set the main parameters of the SDR 14 hardware e The A D Sample Frequency can be entered here Nominally it is 66 666 66 7Hz but this number can be changed to the actual oscillator frequency if more accurate frequency measurements are desired Entering a refere
70. used to Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 16 set the demodulation center frequency which can be anywhere within the display frequency span This button is only active if in the demodulation mode When in Center Frequency mode clicking on a position of the screen will make that position the new center frequency When in the Demo mode clicking on a position of the screen will make that position the new demodulator frequency and keep the center frequency fixed When operating with an external radio in the HF Tracking mode this button also selects the external radio frequency 2 2 3 Span Frequency The span frequency sets the range of frequencies that will be displayed on the screen The display will always show frequencies from Center Span 2 to Center Span 2 The control operates exactly as the center frequency control except the arrow keys do not automatically invoke the control like the main frequency control span Freq 2 2 4 Save Restore Buttons o00000 Center Frequency L 10 000 000mhz The Save Button under the main center frequency control will save all the current frequency settings center and demodulator to temporary memory The Restore button restores the frequencies from their saved state This button is useful for getting back to a known spot perhaps after tuning around for other signals 2 2 5 FFT Ave The FFT average control is used to specify an averaging function that is applied to the FFTs This is a
71. utton can be used to reduce the small spur that appears in the center of the screen due to DC imbalances in the and Q signals Normally atmospheric noise will mask this spur but when performing measurements where the noise floor is very low this spur can be dominant Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 18 Of 100 i 5 f TEN 105 BE NN 0 mar We 1154 ar 120 z er Snes z 125 i f ENEN E NN E 130 z ERE AE 135 m AAP PIPS WT A PERRA TATT PET tise rere PTT e 140 ia KOA AG A A 2 En Lisan 145 i ti 150 RawData 2D Plot V Waterfall H Waterfall Xomba Continuu hw NCO 23050000 Center Frequency 103 208 1000 FFT Awe i l Smoothing _ Save Span Restore Ee ger Y ocale De stopiF TU ause Fll Start 1 2 NEO Mull y hadt F P Feak Pressing this button initiates an auto notching procedure that will attempt to remove the DC offsets on the and Q digital signals It takes about 10 seconds to complete One must make sure there are no real signals present when performing this calibration so it is best to have the antenna disconnected TAA The center NCO spur is frequency dependent so the procedure must be done whenever the center frequency is changed significantly 2 2 10 Auto Scale Auto Scale This button can be used to perform an automatic centering of the signal within the display area t performs an average of all the FFT po
72. ze and the main frequency control toggles between SDR xx center frequency and a time position control The Span control now is in time units instead of frequency FFT Ave vara Save Span Restore ms ET ine L 0 smoothing Cava SG Restore FET BLK Size 10 dB Div gt Vv Scale Stop F 10 PauselF11 Copyright 2003 2007 09 20 48 This mode is not useful at the present time with the current hardware firmware due to the lack of triggering capability on the current SDR xx hardware and firmware versions Later releases may incorporate triggering to utilize this mode 2 4 External Radio Setup An IF Panadapter mode can be selected that allows an external radio with an IF output to be connected to the SDR xx for use as a Panadapter or secondary demodulator External Radio IF Fanadapter Mode Setup AR5000 Kd Select Ext Radio ADH v Keep Same Center Freq Er SDR14 T Select Serial Port gt En Kod racking Mode 4800 Y Select Bit Rate IF Center Freqg Hz Ext IF Biz Ext Center Frequency Hz 10700000 4000000 10002780 2 4 1 1 Radio Selection Several radios are supported directly such as the ICOM R8500 and the AOR AR5000 Other radios with IF outputs can be used but will not automatically synchronize the display frequency 2 4 1 2 Communication Port Selection The

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