Running SWAT in A Breeze
Contents
1. 7 AGRR 242 52 5 8 AGRR 261 55 5 Sum Wlean 5 09 061 04 LL 25 445 19 416 17 309 15 146 14 2566 17 203 23 202 B2127 54 63 40 026 40 706 2 001 39 5005 1 956 39 467 2 1 64 906 2 050 3 166 2 04 2 105 1 236 1 958 1929 1 051 1 767 1 072 1 127 0 016 0 034 0 029 0 031 0 029 0 027 0 015 15 95 46 635 2 45 1 66 OOSA u 4 e et All Landuse Row Crop Urban Pasture Forest Summar T 4 I gt Draw z autoShapes Sa O gt e EH 4l z gl fog gt it A Mam Sum 9 39 0538457 Step 10 Repeat Steps 7 9 for other land uses Notice that the urban land use was named as BERM inthe basins sbs HRU output file For forest you can put all three forest land uses FRSD FRSE FRST together in one worksheet Microsoft Excel sj File Edit View iD H LL AJGBJZAJKBA 4 9 gt Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Insert Format Tools Data A ye Al ae ga sumMean Window Help Reply with Changes Bele Adobe PDF Type a question for help r amp X i gt 2 i EJ al i 0 00 c OD 0 jk m End Review eeu HRU Gis SUB MGT MON AREAKm WYLOmm sYLOtha UsLEtha ORGPkg ha SEDPkKg ha SOLPkg ha 114 OW 27 0 5 130 al 149 a4 174 a 220 49 259 55 260 aja 42E UI 3 00E 00 6 44E 01 6 266 01 1 11E 00 4 14E 01 5 73E UI Boy 575 FAJ B25 710 645 732 096 7202. gt wf Row Crop 4 Urban 4 Pasture 4 Forest Summary Is III EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls JEJ File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window NAM BEREI eee ae Oe meee ane A Help Adobe PDF Water Sediment USLE Sediment OrganicP Sediment Soluble P Total F 1 Landuses Area Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield 2 ikrmi2 imm ton ha tanha kg ha kg ha kqrhaj kq ha Row Crop 5 09 861 04 16 95 45 83 2 45 1 68 0 03 Urban Gl F2B F2 0 54 1 96 0 54 0 40 0 44 J Pasture 151 4699 799 6 3 10 25 1 60 6 82 2 45 Forest 1455 682 67 0 35 1 00 0 11 0 03 0 01 e H Row Crop 4 Urban 4 Pasture 4 Forest Summary lt M Draw Autoshapesr X OOE l JAJ wt AWS ae Step 16 Total P yield is equal to the sum of organic P sediment P and soluble P yields ZZ EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sele JEJ File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF Type a question For help Go X i DEH LAJAAJ AJM AA 441 10 ay 74 2d AQ IL Water Sediment USLE Sediment OrganicP Sediment Soluble P Total F Landuses Area Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield krri rim ton ha ton ha kqrhaj kqrhaj kqrhaj kg ha Row Crop 5 09 561 04 18 95 45 535 2 45 1 65 0 05 414 Urban 7 6 P2072 0 84 1 96 0 54 0 40 0 44 WES Pasture 151 4699 799 36 3 10 pus 1 60 6 82 2 45 10 57 Forest 1455 682 67 0 35 1 00 E 0 03 0 01 0 15 ser ie ES g M oao HH AllLanduse
3. m z Ga FH 11 Step 8 Copy Cell A3 to the rest cells of the first column named Date Ba File Edit View Insert Format Tools De Window Help Type a question for help TEREA A Gla J A BB J iy 100 paral i z A EENT E E EE PE TTE a a 12 19 1996 23 43 7 12 20 1996 14 65 12 21 1996 10 02 1819 12 22 1996 8 627 20 12 23 1996 7 586 24 12 24 1996 7 432 22 12 25 1996 10 15 e 12 26 1996 14 67 12 27 1996 17 6 12 28 1996 17 47 12 29 1996 16 95 12 30 1996 15 2 312311886 11 39 le PERE 4 Sheet1 4 Sheet 4 Sheet3 fe Ready Step 9 Copy the corresponding observed stream flows in the second column Then graphs of comparing the observed and modeled stream flow can be plotted MS Excel graphic tools How to download daily stream flow observations from USGS is described in another class note entitled Obtaining surface water observations from USGS NWISWeb 12 e Microsoft Excel Book Wow be File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Type a r hel HEREA METES le eae AJ BB Ain a y EE 2 B 88 178 1 sa 00 E fe En na 17 12 13 28 70 9 77 63 49 52 25 88 17 52 14 92 13 48 12 07 3 142 12 27 RE A Siati Fo w oe el Sum 68 146 455 If the streamflow has daily recordings like the USGS gage station recording for the Etowah River at Canton GA a Nash Sutcliffe coefficient and
4. 09 FB 2JU fUG 444 61 720 F2 1 324 0 807 0 519 1 238 0 73 1 506 0 8 1 656 0559 1 65 1 107 2313 2 908 1 823 0 956 0 615 0 453 0 604 0 66 0 163 0 209 0 722 0 456 0 3049 0 424 0 463 0 145 0 264 0 529 0 604 0 565 0 56 0 577 0 125 0 114 0 54 1 96 0 54 0 40 0 44 E H AllLanduse Row Crop Urban Pasture Forest Summary lt i gt ly autoShapes X W DOE Hd BAJ 4LA OZECAG Sum 40 50039 Step 11 Insert another worksheet and called Summary and name the columns and rows as follows 19 EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sel JEJ File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF Type a question for help F X Oc id hh IS E z E A fel sj gt ag ze EE 3 E ia FA 7 2d 6 A S EH i Fy Reply with Changes End Review ma Lu 4 i Water Sediment USLE Sediment Organic P Sediment Soluble P Total F Landuses Area Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield kmz rim ton ha tansha kqrha kaha kg ha kg ha Row Crop I Urban Pasture Forest Row Crop 4 Urban Pasture 4 Forest Summar lt m ak Step 12 In order to obtain the total area for Row Crop HRU s place cursor at B3 and type EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sele e Fie Edit wiew Insert Format T
5. 1 basins rch file Here we only discuss how to post process the basins rch file printed in a daily time step by SWAT Since time series contained in the basins rch file printed in monthly or yearly time step are fairly short they can be imported into MS Excel worksheet quite easily The post processors essentially include two files rch2ssf1 exe and tsproc exe The former is a short Fortran program I coded by myself An illustration of how to use it has been provided in another note for PEST novices entitled Getting Started with PEST The latter is a more sophisticated Surface Water Utility package provided by PEST author John Doherty which can be downloaded from website http www sspa com pest utilities html The Users Manual for this utility program is also available in this website A brief illustration of how to use this utility program has also been provided in Getting Started with PEST Therefore this section assumes that the reader has been familiar with using these two Fortran programs A two line batch file called swatpost bat see Example 2 was constructed to run rch2ssfl exe andtsproc exe consecutively After running SWAT we run swatpost bat in the command line to convert the basins rch file into a few text files which contain daily time series of streamflow and water quality parameters of interest A typical rch2ssf dat file looks like Example 3 and a typical tsproc in file looks like Example 4 while at sproc tsp fi
6. LULE HRU GIS SUB MGT MON AREAkm2 WYLDmm S LDt ha USLEt ha ORGPkyha SEDPkg ha SOLPkgsha 191 O 42 0 5 1 3BE 0 obs f 25 345 62 127 3 166 1 236 0 016 156 45 5S F 10E 01 636 617 15 416 54 63 PY 1 4956 0 034 210 4 5 6 47E 01 901 642 17 509 40 0246 2 103 1 929 0 024 224 46 5 6 27E 01 692 505 15 146 40 706 2 001 1 551 0 031 2af 51 5 204E 00 565 961 14 2466 395 505 1 956 1 767 0 024 242 AZ 5 6 95E 01 681 956 17 2035 39 467 2 1 1 672 0 027 261 aja 5 3 666 01 766 079 23 202 64 9086 2 0 0 1 127 0 015 44 gt A AllLanduse Row Crop 4 Sheet3 lt Draws dutoShapes A CICOH IH dle dJl gt 4 A me Step 9 Calculate the total area of row crop land use and the average yields of water sediment and phosphorus over the seven row crop HRU s 18 EJ Microsoft Excel Ed File Edit View Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Insert Format Tools Data wae a Pewee eee ae eee eee ane Br AIO R gt Bf 24 GA fe SumMean window Help Reply with Changes Ek Adobe PDF Type a question for help A X i 8 MIL 24 EJ l lh jae Bd ssf 8 SEE End Review 1 LULC HRU GIS SUB MGT MON AREAkm2 WYLDmm SYLDtha USLE ha ORGPkyha SEDPkg ha SOLPkg ha S6E 01 10E UI 5 37 E 01 6 27 E 01 2 04E 00 5 93E 01 3 06E 01 OG2 7 036 617 901 642 092 505 065 961 001 936 fB5 GF 2 JAGRR 191 0 42 0 5 3 AGRR 196 43 5 4 AGRR 218 AF 5 5 AGRR 223 48 5 6 AGRR 237 51 5
7. Row Crop Urban Pasture Forest Summary lt M Draw Le AutoShapes ZZCE I dz BAI 4 A saa Step 17 The relational worksheet has been successfully established Next time when we run SWAT using different parameter values like during the process of model calibration we simply follow Steps 1 4 to import the newly generated basins sbs into MS Excel and copy the needed information into worksheet All Landuse following Step 5 Then the Summary worksheet will be automatically updated 4 Using Browser to check daily basins sbs file Sometimes we also want to check on the daily dynamics of some variables in HRU s such as evapotranspiration crop yield P uptake leaf area index etc the daily printed basins sbs would be too large to be imported into MS Excel In such a case Browser will be very helpful Browser can be downloaded from http www ncea org au Browser Its usage can be found in that website as well so we won t repeat here 25
8. loadings in the basins rch file into total P concentrations in stream and prints the downstream flow rate in m s total suspended solid concentration in mg L and total P concentration in mg L in stream to a number of text files modelfl txt modelss txt and modeltp txt respectively which can be readily imported into MS Excel worksheets Take the following steps to import the text files into MS Excel and compare the model results and their corresponding observations Step 1 Open MS Excel and create a new worksheet In the first row write the column names such as Date Observation Simulation etc Bal File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Type a question for help J i FA m GS e z 4 E 100 6 gt o oy p _ Observation Simulation JM 4 r WH Sheet1 Ready Step 2 Click File Open and navigate to your work directory Click on the down pointing arrow in the Files of Type of the MS Excel File Open dialogue window and choose Text Files prn txt csv Name backup camparison txt EJ model bet modelip txt modelop txt modelss txt modeltp txt Places Step 3 If you wanted to import modelfl txt SWAT simulated daily stream flow into MS Excel select modelfl txt and click open Then the Text Import Wizard dialogue window
9. wanted EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sele Ga File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF Type a question For help Go X BF ed eNA NE OS SY A arp co B Z U Water Sediment USLE Sediment OrganicP Sediment Soluble P Total F Landuses Area Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield kim imm ton ha tonhal ikg hal kgsha kg hal kg ha Row Crop 5 09 A Urban Pasture 44 H Raw Crop Urban Pasture Forest Summary lt i Draw Le AutoShapes X W O OH ll 3 Jdl rArzZE5Aag If you click on the number 5 09 you will notice that the formula line writes Row Crop G10 which implies that the number 5 09 in worksheet Summary B3 was directly taken from worksheet Row Crop G10 Therefore the relational worksheet for Row Crop area has been established 21 EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sel JEJ File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Type a question for help r amp X Window Help Adobe PDF ae RETENE ee a Ge eee ae me a 2 ZLEJ AL 6 10 aj ep 3h i yy T aa o 8 ye he Reply with Changes End Review B3 hi fe Row Crop G10 E bp E F H i tg Landuses Area Water Sediment USLE Sediment Organic P Sediment Soluble P Total F Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield 2 sa rim ton ha tansha kqrha kaha kg ha kg ha Row Crop 5 044 4 Urban 5 Pasture Forest M a
10. will pop up Text Import Wizard Step 1 of 3 The Text Wizard has determined that your data is Delimited If this is correct choose Next or choose the data type that best describes your data Original data type Choose the fle type that best describes your data Characters such as commas or tabs separate each field 0 Fixed width Fields are aligned in columns with spaces between each field Start import at row tal File origin 437 OEM United States Preview of fle C Research zhulu April0 6 etowah model txt TIME SERIES mflowst 33 77000 L17 12000 33 28000 Step 4 Click Finish The model simulated stream flows will then be imported into spreadsheet 20 Step 5 Select all data in the first column and paste into the newly created worksheet see Step 1 under column name Simulation Type a question for help EJ iy 100 Ea Date Observation Simulation M 4 r MH Sheeti 4 Sheet2 TET 10 Step 6 Write the dates for the data For example our SWAT model ran from January 1 1992 to December 31 1996 Then we write 1 1 1992 in the first cell under Date column Type a question for help JE 100 fe vives Date Observation Simulation 119924 i KAPA Sheet Ready STDEV h xxs zk Date TERET ETTA 2 1 1 1992 Em 2 6 Eg Za EI ETS A
11. 5 B 79E 00 801 04 0 068 0 261 0 063 0 01 0 006 131E FRZD 1317 FRZE 1318 FRZT 1319 FRED 1520 FR D 1321 FRZE m EEEE mm GG mmn GA mm 1 1 1 2 2 2 5 9 30E 400 5 1 04E 11 5 1 30E 11 5 1 90E 11 5 1 03E 11 of 1 41EH11 700 955 076 729 706 214 015 956 006 926 602 041 0 636 0 293 0 307 0 075 0 615 0 336 12rd 0 532 0 764 0 242 1 156 0 575 0 155 0 082 0 067 0 054 0 152 0 092 0 053 0 024 0 03 0 008 0 052 0 032 0 011 0 004 0 01 0 006 0 011 0 009 4 4 gt basins iornz ls Auoshopes N A el lh Bd ns a SUM Z6034 75 16 Now we want to build a relational spreadsheet to summarize the Export Coefficients of sediment and nutrients in the following steps Step 5 Copy the title and average yields over the simulation period to a new spreadsheet file called as Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls and rename the current worksheet as All Landuse or anything you like EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls JEJ File Edit wiew Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe POF DEM EEFE eee ae Alt ce mane At aan eae eae ee Jk B 7 U 30 a E 0 9E H10 S SUE H0 768 955 0 636 1 04E411 876 729 0 293 1 30E 1 756 214 0 307 1 90E 11 8195 956 0 075 1 03E 11 808 928 0 615 1 41E 11 82 04 0 336 2 035E 1 790 006 0 316 465E 01 630 691 0 732 3 97 E 014 902 659 0 511 M 4 gt H All Landuse 4 Sheet2 Sheet3 gt Draw L Auto
12. E2 v_ RS2 swq 0 001 Example 1 A typical model in file The numbers in left column are line labels they are not contained in the file After editing and saving the model in file there is no need to close the model in file before switching to the Windows Console window and running sw_edit exe the linkage interface executable file in the command line you need to make sure that the file name provided in the third line in the swEdit def file see Example la is model in as well However you may use a different file name other than model in for the linkage interface input file say mode12 in In that case the file name provided in the third line in the swEdit def should be changed to model 2 in accordingly In other words the file name you use in the linkage interface input file should be consistent with file name provided in the third line of the file swEdit def After you run sw edit ext in the Windows Console window the parameters in the relevant SWAT input files will have been changed to the values that are specified in the linkage interface file e g model in Subsequently running swat 2000 exe in the command line will generate a new set of model outputs based on the newly adjusted SWAT parameters O backup model in parval in 0 110 0 TO OT BE W N HH Example la A typical swEdit def file The numbers in left column are line labels they are not contained in the file 3 Post processing SWAT outputs 3
13. Running SWAT Is A Breeze Zhulu Lin Department of Crop and Soil Sciences The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 linzhulu uga edu SWAT Soil and Water Assessment Tool http www brc tamus edu swat is a very popular semi distributed watershed model being good at simulating the long term impact of agriculture management and Best Management Practice BMP on surface water quality In order to account for the spatial distribution of the watershed of interest SWAT subdivides the entire watershed into many sub basins and HRU s hydrologic response unit depending on the modeler s needs If the number of sub basins is more than a dozen we could easily end up with hundreds of SWAT input files Approximately the number of the total SWAT input files is equal to 8 6 x the number of subbasins 5 x the number of HRU s Without any help to prepare so many model input files could be a daunting task Fortunately SWAT model s GIS interface BASINS or AVSWAT automatically writes all these input files for us after we ve collected all the necessary data including DEM land use soils point sources precipitation temperature and other meteorological data if any However using the GIS interfaces and GenSen to calibrate SWAT model could be a headache especially when you want to calibrate the model against daily measurements or grab samples on a daily time step because both SWAT outputs and measurements need to be converted into a dBase f
14. S mode To run SWAT in DOS mode we only need two things a text editor and a Windows Console I use NoteTab Light a freeware available at http www notetab com in favor of NotePad and WordPad since multiple files can be open and edited simultaneously in NoteTab To open Windows Console click on Start All Programs Accessories Command Prompt After setting up SWAT simulation run in BASINS or AVSWAT interface it is important to copy the entire txt inout directory into your working directory and keep the original txt inout directory intact so that if anything goes wrong you will have a backup to restore the damaged model input files Basic DOS commands such as deleting and renaming files changing directories etc can be found at http www computerhope com msdos htm 2 Changing SWAT parameters using a linkage interface The linkage interface was developed by Jing Yang jing yang eawag ch in Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology EAWAG to use only one text file to change almost all SWAT parameters in different input files For example to change the value for one SWAT parameter we don t have to go through all the SWAT input files that contain such parameter Instead we just need to change the value for this parameter once in an ASCII file called as model in and run an executable file called as sw _edit exe before running SWAT Then the interface will automatically change all the values for this par
15. SERIES_CLEAN CONTEXT all SERIES_NAME mflowst UPPER_ERASE_BOUNDARY 0 0 SUBSTITUTE_VALUE 0 001 NEW_SERIES_NAME mflow4pst END SERIES_CLEAN Block 11 START SERIES_EQUATION CONTEXT all NEW_SERIES_NAME mtpst EQUATION mipst mopst mflow4pst 0 01157 END SERIES BOQUATTON Block 12 START LIST_OUTPUT CONTEXT Etowah_River FILE modelfl txt SERIES NAME mflowst SERIES FORMAT short END LIST_OUTPUT Block 13 START LIST_OUTPUT CONTEXT Etowah_River FILE modelss txt SERIES_NAME mtssst SERIES_FORMAT short END LIST_OUTPUT Block 14 START LIST_OUTPUT CONTEXT Etowah_River FILE modeltp txt SERIES_NAME mtpst SERIES_FORMAT short END LIST_OUTPUT Example 5 A TSPROC data file A complete basins rch file printed in daily time step can be very large It contains as many as 42 stream flow and water quality variables But its size can be reduced following the instructions given in the SWAT User s Manual Pages 66 67 by selectively printing necessary stream variables such as those listed in Example 3 It should be noted that the stream variables printed in the basins rch should at least include those listed in Example 3 The first line of Example 2 generates a number of Sample Site Files for the stream variables in Reach 55 which are listed in Example 3 One ssf file was generated for each variable These ssf files are readable by the TSPROC utility program The second line of Example 2 converts the organic P and inorganic P
16. Shapes KA DCF EH al 22 8 4 me G tg colo one LU KI ZIZIZ IZ IZ IZ Z mn LO OO Bi KI Ki M Z IZIZIZ IZ IZ IZ Z m m m m m Mm M M co m m1 ba File Edit wiew Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe POF eee ee eee ele eee ae eee Ea ae 0 00 lt lt 00 0 lt O 34 A ye LULC 0 9E 00 S SUE HO 768 955 0 636 TO4E U 876 729 0 293 1 30E 1 756 214 0 307 1 90E 11 8195 956 0 075 1 03E 11 808 928 0 615 1 41E 411 82 04 0 338 2 035E 1 790 006 0 316 465E 01 630 691 0 732 3 97 E 014 902 659 0 511 M 4 gt H All Landuse 4 Sheet2 Sheet3 Draw ue AutoShapess a O CO Ad ME E Ey 4 4 O olo AMH 2 W RJ 4 ooooooooo 4 LO LJ KO KO RO KO o o jo o o o o o M M LM LM LH LM LH M co a LT Step 7 Click the down pointing arrow in the first cell A1 and select AGRR 17 EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Seles e File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe POF Type a question for help F x ETETEA WETE EE EERO 0 00 jE 4 Reply with Changes End Review ob 036 617 901 5642 092 505 065 981 001 930 705 5679 lt PE roe s FLO ide plo A A MM EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls bs File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF JANEK NENZIIENONKA SF M mA RAE Reply with Changes End Review 1
17. ameter in all relevant SWAT input files In other words when we calibrate the SWAT model we don t have to deal with hundreds of SWAT input files Instead we only deal with one single text file if using this interface This interface package consists of a few files including sw _edit exe swEdit def SwatExtLib dll andmodel in The interface also includes function of extracting information from the SWAT output files But we don t need it here After having copied the txt inout directory to your work directory you can rename the txtinout directory to whatever name you like say et owah to distinguish it from other directories Before we are able to use this linkage interface we need to do two more things one is to copy the txt inout directory one more time into the et owah directory and rename it as backup the other is to copy the interface files sw_edit exe swEdit def SwatExtLib d11 and model in into etowah directory Detail information about this linkage interface is provided in the Users Manual for this interface In this section we only briefly illustrate how to use it A typical example of the model in file is provided in Example 1 One line is a command to change one parameter s values in relevant SWAT input files Each command is composed of four parts As seen in the file the first part consist of one character in the front of the command being either v r or a It defines how to change the parameter s values It is
18. ates t Preview of file C ResearchiEtowahiIn streametowah basins sbs MON ARE AMZ WYLDPmum SYLDt rha 1992 87923E 01 2349 459 z 4 199z 53001E 01 240 120 455 1332 LU3SS3E U 295 526 Lel 1332 13021E B 3 140 Step 3 Add one vertical line between Columns MON and AREA and adjust other lines to appropriate places click Next and click Finish 15 Text Import Wizard Step 2 of 3 This screen lets you set Field widths column breaks Lines with arrows signify a column break To CREATE a break line click at the desired position To DELETE a break line double click on the line To MOVE a break line click and drag it Data preview oi LDbt fhe O O024 0 455 O 1 1 O 140 2 Step 4 Scroll down towards the end of the file until Column MON turns from a specific year e g 1996 to the total number of simulated years e g 5 because we wanted average yields for the entire simulation period EJ Microsoft Excel basins sbs dE File Edit wiew Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF EU led Sh FO 7521 zeie NATE A B D EM SS SSS SDSS PES SESS SES PS LULC HRU GIS SUB MGT MONTAREAkm2 W LOrnm S LDt ha USLEt ha ORGPko ha SEDPkyha SOLPkg ha 259 55 O 1996 9 14E 01 938 713 0 857 1 776 0 291 0 23 0 166 260 55 of 1996 5 73E 01 843 77 1 694 3 679 0 48 0 412 0 146 1314 AGRR 261 55 O 1996 3 86E 01 957 803 40 599 74 944 4 116 1 682 0 022 1315 FRZD 1
19. connected with the rest of the line by double underscores 1 e __ The second part of the command consists of a SWAT parameter s name a dot and the file extension name of the SWAT input files where the parameter can be found For the file extension names there is only one exception That is if the parameter is in crop dat the file extension name is crp instead of dat see Lines 4 and 5 The third part of the command is to define the scope where the changed parameter value should apply The scope can be defined by land use sub basins or crop indices soil hydrological group or soil texture The defining scopes are connected with the second part by multiple double underscores depending on what information is used to define the scopes For example if the land use 1s used to define the scope there are three consecutive double underscores six underscores between the second and third part of the command like in Lines 1 3 If crop indices or sub basin numbers are used to define the scope then there are four double underscores between the second and third part of the command like in Lines 4 5 crop indices and in Line 9 sub basin numbers For other type of scopes please refer to the Users Manual If there 1s no specific scope provided the default scope is the entire watershed The last fourth part of the command is a numeric number whose meaning is associated with the first character of the command Multiple spaces or tabs are used
20. file m the following steps 14 Step 1 Open MS Excel if it is not already open click File Open and navigate to your working directory et owah in this case select All File in Files of type then select basins sbs and click Open button Look in 2 gtowah w Gh Q M 1 EH Tools 8 Mame Size Type s basins bsn 4KB BSN File eee basins c__ 3KB __File basins cod 3KB COD File basins eve OKE EVE File 4 basins Fig 14KB MATLAB Figure basins psa 1KE PSO File fe ibasins rch 60 KE Browser File basins rsw 1KB RSV File 160 KE Spyware supp My Documents basins wtr 1KE WTR File basins wwd 2KB WWO File aL FF bsb dat 1KE Surfer Worksh a camparison txt 1KB TextDocumen e DU cantnFlwO3 drm 120KB WOM File Toa lt File name P My Network Places Step 2 File Import Wizard window pops up select Fixed Width and click Next Text Import Wizard Step 1 of 3 The Text Wizard has determined that your data is Fixed width IF this is correct choose Wext or choose the data type that best describes your data Original data type Choose the File type that best describes your data Delimited Characters such as commas or tabs separate each field Fields are aligned in columns with spaces between each Field Start import ak pow File origin 437 OEM United St
21. le looks like Example 5 rch2ssf1 rch2ssf dat t ESPR C lt ESprocian gt nul Example 2 SWAT post processor batch file oo FLOW_OUT SEDCONC ORGP_OUT MINE OUT Example 3 An RCH2SSF data file tsproc tsp tsproc rec n n Example 4 A TSPROC input file Block 1 START SETTINGS DATE_FORMAT mm dd yyyy CONTEXT Etowah_River END SETTINGS Block 2 START GET_SERIES_SSF CONTEXT all FILE flow_out ssf SITE reachb5 NEW_SERIES_NAME mflowl END GET_SERIES_SSF Block 3 START REDUCE_TIME_SPAN CONTEXT all SERIES NAME mflowl NEW_SERIES NAME mflowst DATE_1 01 01 1992 TIME _1 00 00 00 DATE 2 12731 1996 TIME_2 00 00 00 END REDUCE_TIME_SPAN Block 4 START GET_SERIES_SSF CONTEXT all FILE sedconc ssf SITE reachb5 5 NEW_SERIES_NAME mtss0O END GET_SERIES_SSF Block 5 START NEW_TIME BASE CONTEXT all SERIES_NAME mtssQ TB_SERIES_NAME mflowst NEW_SERIES_NAME mtssst END NEW_TIME_BASE Block 6 START GET_SERIES_SSF CONTEXT all FILE orgp_out ssf SITE reachss NEW_SERIES_NAME mop END GET_SERIES_SSF Block 7 START NEW_TIME BASE CONTEXT all SERIES_NAME mop TB_SERIES_NAME mflowst NEW_SERIES_NAME mopst END NEW_TIME_BASE Block 8 START GET_SERIES_SSF CONTEXT all FILE minp_out ssf SITE reach55 NEW_SERIES_NAME mip 0 END GET_SERIES_SSF Block 9 START NEW_TIME BASE CONTEXT all SERIES_NAME mip O TB_SERIES_NAME mflowst NEW_SERIES_NAME mipst END NEW_TIME_BASE Block 10 START
22. ools Data Window Help Adobe PDF Type a question For help f X HEREA MERES eee a Oe BB a ee 55 a z 8 me Wt RE re a A Water Sediment USLE Sediment OrganicP Sediment Soluble P Total F Landuses Area Yield Yield Yield Yield P Yield Yield Yield rm ton ha tonha kg ha kgrhaj kahaj kg ha Row Crop Urban Pasture Forest Ee EM LE Em bw Row Crop 4 Urban 4 Pasture 4 Forest Summar x uh Step 13 Click on worksheet Row Crop and click on G10 the total area of Row Crop 20 EJ Microsoft Excel Etowah Loads from Land Uses xls Sel JEJ File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Adobe PDF Type a question For help amp X DEJA AJ JAJ ZAJ mere eee a ee LULC HEU Gis SUB MGT MON AREAKm2 WYLUmm S LOtfha USLEtha CRGPkgtha SEDPkKg ha SOLPkg ha igi 0 U 5 1 96E 01 obs 246 945 62 147 3 166 1 236 0 016 156 5S 7 10E 01 836 617 19 416 54 63 2O 1 966 0 034 216 5 5 37E 01 901 642 17 509 40 026 2 103 1929 0 025 22 5 647E O1 092 505 15 146 40 706 2 001 1 851 0 031 ZI S 2U4E 00 565 961 14 266 39 505 1 956 1 767 0 029 24 5 95E 01 661 956 17 205 39 467 2 1 1 872 0 027 261 5 3 666 01 765 679 235 202 64 906 2 030 1 127 0 015 061 04 15 95 l 1 66 0 03 44 HA Row Crop Urban Pasture Forest Summary lt i Draws AutoShapes X IO all 273 BJ io ee ts A Step 14 Hit Enter the number 5 09 was then entered into B3 in Summary worksheet as
23. ormat which could be time consuming and end up with huge files Through my more than a couple of years experiences of using SWAT I had explored a short cut routine to run the SWAT model It only takes about one minute to run SWAT once including changing input parameters running the model reading the model s outputs and comparing the model s outputs with measurements This routine involves using a few short computer programs and commercial software such as MS Excel which will be illustrated in more details in the following sections 1 Running SWAT in DOS mode When calibrating SWAT many users use the Calibration Tool in the GIS interfaces I found that it was very inconvenient and sometimes could be problematic because the GIS interface did not always do what you wanted it to do For example when I specified grazing operation on pasture the fertilizer such as beef fresh manure which should be added to pasture while cows are grazing was not written into the corresponding mgt files Then I have to edit the mgt files manually to add the beef fresh manure information into all grazed pasture mgt files could be many However when I use the Calibration Tool to change other parameters in the same mgt files the information about beef fresh manure that we added before will be completely wiped out Then I have to re enter the same information manually once again for all the grazed pasture mgt files Therefore I prefer to run SWAT in DO
24. other indices can be calculated through this post processor as well It only requires adding the following blocks see Example 6 into the TSPROC data file presented in Example 5 But it should be noted that Blocks 15 17 in Example 6 ought to be inserted before Block 12 in Example 5 Otherwise TSPROC will issue an error message since all the LIST_OUTPUT blocks should be placed at the end of the TSPROC data file 1f the TSPROC is used as a model post processor It also should be noted that file cantnflw03 wdm containing the measured daily streamflow of Etowah River at Canton must be present in the current working directory Block 15 START GET_SERIE _WDM CONTEXT all FILE cantnflw03 wdm DSN 201 NEW_SERIES NAME ofl1 DEF TIME 00 00 00 FILTER 999 99 END GET_SERIES_WDM Block 16 START NEW_TIME BASE CONTEXT all SERIES _ NAME o ll TB SERIES NAME mflowst NEW_SERIES NAME oflowst END NEW_TIME BASE Block 17 13 START SERIES COMPARE CONTEXT Etowah_River SERIES NAME SIM mflowst SERIES_NAME OBS oflowst NEW_C_TABLE_ NAME comp_flow BIAS yes NASH_SUTCLIFFE yes END SERIES COMPARE Block 18 START LIST_OUTPUT CONTEXT Etowah_River FILE camparison txt C_TABLE_NAME comp_flow SERIES_FORMAT long END LIST_OUTPUT Example 6 More blocks to calculate Nash Sutcliffe coefficient 3 2 basins sbs file In general the basins rch file is used for SWAT model calibration since most of the observations of the watershed s behavior are ob
25. tained by measuring streamflow and water quality parameters in streams and rivers But yearly outputs from HRU s stored in the basins sbs file are normally used to calculate sediment and nutrient yields from uplands for different land uses that 1s Export Coefficients EC of sediment or nutrients for different land uses After we have calibrated the streamflow and water quality parameters in streams in a daily time step we need to change the value of IPD in basins cod file from O print outputs in a daily step to 2 print outputs in a yearly step in order to use an MS Excel spreadsheet to summarize the sediment and nutrients yields from different land uses To reduce the size of the basins sbs file we can follow the instruction of SWAT User s Manual Pages 67 68 to selectively print necessary variables only For modeling sediment and phosphorus the last two lines in the basins cod file can be written as follows see Example 7 Then only water yield mm H20 sediment yield metric tons ha USLE soil loss metric tons ha Organic P yield kg P ha Sediment associated inorganic P yield kg P ha and Soluble P kg P ha will be printed in the basins sbs HRU output file HRU output variables 0 21 22 dza gt M0 Woo O 0 0 0 W 0 O ga lt Q U 0 Example 7 Last two lines in basins cod file for modeling sediment and phosphorus After we ran swat2000 exe one more time we used the MS Excel spreadsheet to import the basins sbs
26. to separate it from the first three parts If the first character of the command is v then the number supplied in the last part is the value that the parameter will literally take in the SWAT input files For example in Line 8 the parameter ALPHA_BF mall gw files will take a value of 0 01365 for the entire watershed If the first character is a then the number im the last part is the value by which the parameter will add to the original parameter value For example in Line 6 the new value of the parameter CN2 in each mgt file will be equal to the original CN2 value in each mgt file adding 11 0 The original values of CN2 are inthe mgt files that were stored in the backup directory which in turn resides in the current working directory If the first character of the command is r then the number in the last part is a ratio by which the parameter will change based on the original parameter value For example in Line 2 the value of parameter USLE_K in sol files whose land uses are FRSD will increase 50 from their original values while in Line 3 the value of parameter USLE_Kin sol files whose land uses are PAST will decrease 5 from their original values 1 v__IURBAN hru URLD 1 2 r_ USLE_K sol FRSD 0 5 3 r_USLE_K sol PAST A SOS 4 r_ USLE_C crp 6 8 40 1 5 5 r_ USLE_C crp 2 12 0 05 6 a CN2 mgt eo een 7 a _ SOL _AWC sol 0 0 8 v__ALPHA BF gw 0 01365 9 r sSOoOL_SOLP chm 1 5 10 0 0 10 v__ SURLAG bsn 1 0 11 v__PSP bsn 0 4
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