USER MANUAL
Contents
1. Changes in land use are implemented by changing the CN value in the RR model Higher CN values results in quicker peak response times and higher runoff volumes While lower CN values result in slower peak response times and lower runoff volumes ArcView GIS can be used to generate CN values see Section 3 This section describes how to set CN values in MIKE11 RR model and run the model again 4 2 1 Input Data input from GIS component e CN value table for all catchments Data needed in the step e CN reorder and Lag Time calculation sheet for the Deer Creek model e Rainfall runoff model parameters 4 2 2 Output e RR model parameter file Baird amp Associates 4 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 2 3 Operations Step 4 2 1 Reorder CN table and Calculate Lag Time This step involves using Microsoft Excel for data preparation e Open the database file dbf which includes the CN values generated by ArcView GIS end of Chapter 3 e Select and copy CN values to Clipboard e Open the calculation sheets to reorder CN and calculate lag time The file name is Deer CN Calculations xls for the Deer Creek model e Goto the sheet CN from GIS click on C6 and Paste All calculations are automatically done in this step corury d Leg Tore Cabot bum tht ed amisi Be EM yav Lent Font les Oo wii Ho ET DeHg ens med Ore warm 9 Aul 24 BLU ERU ax A D0 52. 8 2141978 10 59 00 8 234 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8292 67 Veloci 8 23 978 12 59 00 8 23 1978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8200 83 Veloci 8 20978 8 59 00 8 23 1978 7 59 00 DFFR CRFFK A1N9 nfi velnri nnni1sza 59nn ANAM ITA ren d gt C show vaties D Clear Selection Baird amp Associates 4 12 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 5g Step 4 5h Step 4 51 Step 4 5 Step 4 5k Step 4 51 Step 4 5m Step 4 5n Step 4 50 Step 4 5p In Time Series Value dialog click the most left top cell to select all data in the table and copy data into clipboard Time Series alues I x File HD STORM2HDA ltem Welocity Number of decimals 3 Apply DEER CREEK DEER CREEK DEER CREEK DEER CREEK DEER CR Velocit 4 f onsra 1 59 00 zw 8 20 1978 2 59 00 a X 8201978 3 59 00 8 20 1978 4 59 00 I5 8201978 5 59 00 I amp X 820197855900 8 20 1978 7 59 00 iss s 82041978 8 59 00 a 820 978 9 59 00 40 8204978 10 59 00 1 8204978 11 59 00 8 2041 978 12 59 00 13 8204976 1 59 00 cE 8 20 1978 2 59 00 SHAM ATS DENN Run MS Excel and open a file named as Pull Velocity and Depth or GIS xls Select Row Velocity Sheet click A5 cell and paste Go back Mikel1 Viewer close Time Series Values dialog and Time Series List dialog Repeat Step 4 2
3. ArcView provides a sample script Spatial DEMfill which illustrates the individual iterative steps to create a depressionless DEM This script can be found in the online ArcView Help file Simply cut and paste this script into a new ArcView Script document compile and run it Refer to the ArcView documentation Using Avenue for more information on working with Scripts 2 4 Flow Accumulation Once the flow direction for each cell has been established a flow accumulation grid can be generated from the flow direction dataset using the Hydrologic Modeling Extension function Hydro gt Flow Accumulation A flow accumulation grid represents the accumulated flow to each cell by accumulating the weight for all cells that flow into each downslope cell Figure 2 4 Flow Accumulation Figure 2 4 illustrates a grid of flow accumulation values with light colours representing low accumulations and darker colours representing higher accumulations This provides a visual confirmation of the drainage patterns produced by the DEM created through the data processing steps outlined above Baird amp Associates 2 5 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 2 5 Watershed Extraction 2 5 DEM Based Watershed Extraction Using the flow direction grid dataset it is possible to identify the contributing area above a location in the grid In other words identifying a watershed by selecting a drainage pour point or watershed outlet
4. The NSTM system makes use of many data sets These files have all been packaged onto a CD with a convenient installation package To install the data sets on a computer run Setup exe from the CD from Explorer and follow the instructions on your screen 1 6 Contact Information Dr Qimiao Lu or Steve Langendyk W F Baird amp Associates Tel 905 845 5385 Fax 905 845 0698 Email qlu baird com slangendyk baird com Baird amp Associates 1 4 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 2 WATERSHED DELINEATION USING GIS The overall watershed delineation process is described here using the Nemadji River tributary Deer Creek as an example within ArcView GIS Using this combination of data and software however the watershed delineation process described here can be applied to other Nemadji River watersheds assuming adequate digital base data 1s available This chapter assumes a minimal working knowledge of ArcView GIS This chapter can be skipped for work with the Deer and Skunk Creek sub watersheds as data for these areas have already been prepared 2 1 Introduction A watershed boundary defines the drainage or catchment areas that contribute to a specified outlet channel such as a creek or river A specific catchment area includes all the land that contributes drains to a central point The overland drainage pattern is based on the topography of an area This drainage behaviour can be modeled within a G
5. The hydrologic condition poor fair good refers to a number of factors that tend to increase or decrease runoff 1 e density of vegetative canopy or degree of surface roughness The hydrologic soil group refers to the general nature of the underlying soil and is classified as Baird amp Associates 3 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling A Soils with high infiltration rates 8 to 11 mm per hour B Soils having moderate infiltration rates 4 to 8 mm per hour C Soils having slow infiltration rates 1 to 4 mm per hour D Soils having very slow infiltration rates 0 to 1 mm per hour from U S Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service SCS National Engineering Handbook 1972 For more information refer to U S Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service SCS National Engineering Handbook 1972 and the Minnesota Handbook of Hydrology Curve numbers for various conditions were developed by the SCS from studies of gaged watersheds The CN value takes into consideration the initial abstraction which consists of interception infiltration and depression storage Table 3 1 Nemadji River CN Values Hydrologic Soil Group Landuse B C D MN253 254 257 MN258 MN475 Open 74 82 86 Wetland 95 95 95 Coniferous forest 70 76 TI Deciduous forest 76 81 83 Mixedwood forest 75 80 Cultivated land 72 86 91 Farmsteads and rural residences 83 93 Grassland 5
6. down menu View gt Geoprocessing Wizard Select Intersect two Themes operation Select the watershed and soil themes as ELINSUONPB the input and overlay themes and identify an output theme to store the results UscierenESEEMTEEUSV cinsas d Figure 3 4 Geoprocessing Wizard As these datasets are combined they combine not only geometric shape information but also carry across important attribute information Each polygon now contains both complete attribute tables from both source watershed and soil themes This theme will be referred to as Intersect A Figure 3 5 Intersection of Soils and Catchment Areas Baird amp Associates 3 5 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Below is a simplified view of the attribute tables where each row represents a unique area polygon and each column is an attribute field The resulting Intersected attribute table combines attribute information from each of the source contributing themes Catchment Area Attribute Table Soils Attribute Table PolygonID Catchment Area Area ID sq m Soil class sq m l A 4531 MN253 19605 2 B 8463 MN258 17135 3 C 5493 MN254 12054 4 D 5196 MN257 20384 5 E 4861 MN475 48720 6 F 4683 7 G 6015 8 H 3987 Resulting Intersected Attribute Table polygonID Catchment ID Soil Class A MN254
7. simulation and then affects on flow velocity and water depth in the HD model simulation This causes the change of sediment load in rivers For instance harvesting the forested land increases CN value resulting in the quicker peak response time higher peak flow and larger sediment load This section describes how to assess the impacts of land use change on runoff peak flow and sediment load 6 2 Input Data input to GIS component e Polygons to describe the areas for land use plan Data needed in this operations e MIKE 11 simulation project data e Rainfall runoff model parameters 6 3 Output e Peak flows e Runoff volumes e Discharge in time series e Water depth in time series Flow velocity in time series e Sediment erosion volume e Sediment load 6 4 Operations a Draw polygons in which the land use will be changed b Select polygons in Intersect B which are contained in the polygons drawn in step a c Change Landuse fields of the selected polygons to a designed land use classification Baird amp Associates 6 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling d Follow the instructions in Section 3 4 2 to 3 4 5 to generate new CN values e Change CN values in RR model parameters as described in Section 4 2 f Run model as described in Section 4 4 g Export flow velocity and water depth to sediment loading model as described in Section 4 5 h Run sediment loading model in ArcView GIS
8. where EROSION RATE SHEAR STRESS CRITICAL SHEAR STRESS FACTOR RELATING EROSION TO SHEAR STRESS Cumulative Erosion Volume tracks the accumulated erosion volume over a given time period measured as cubic meters Baird amp Associates 5 5 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Vertical Erosion describes the lowering of the bed at any given location for a given time step measured as millimetres Cumulative Vertical Erosion describes the lowering of the bed accumulated over a period of time measured as millimetres Lastly spatial downstream cumulative erosion for each cell polygon is calculated To provide this ee UAI TUER functionality the user is prompted to Shape identify two attribute fields within the Area valley polygon theme the cumulative Alpha_key vertical erosion field and the Drains To field Cmverter Cmervol Spemvol SpCmiVol Figure 5 4 This image illustrates the downstream cumulative spatial erosion volume over time shown as extruded areas based on valley polygon boundaries Baird amp Associates 5 6 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 6 ASSESSING LAND USE CHANGE 6 1 Introduction The NSTM system can assess the impacts of land use changes on sediment load in the river The CN values are adjusted with the land use change for agriculture practices The change of CN values affects the peak response time and peak flow in the RR model
9. 4 4 Step 4 2 3 Edit RR model parameters sss nennen enne enne 4 4 4 3 Prepare Boundary Conditions for a Storm Event cerea ee eee eerte eese teens eaea ea tnsenatnue 4 5 AS LANDUV M 4 5 SAUDI A EAA A O A 4 5 4 3 3 OperationsStep 4 3 1 Prepare hourly precipitation data eere eerte 4 5 Step 4 3 1 Prepare hourly precipitation data eere ee eee e eee ente eene tns tn sensns tassa sensns tns 4 6 Step 4 3 2 Estimate water level at downstream boundary sse 4 7 Step 4 3 3 Open a simulation project ceccceescessssssesseseeseseeecseeeesecseecseeesseeecseesesesseeecseeesseeeeeeeseeeasers 4 8 Step 4 3 4 Edit Boundary Condition Data sse ennt 4 8 Step 4 3 5 Edit RR Parameter Data essen entente nete ne ten net nete neenon tne ener nes 4 9 jo C ttT M 4 10 JU 4 10 MELDE E 4 10 LE DUI EM 4 10 4 4 3 ODCV I m 4 10 Step 4 4 1 Open a simulation project essere nennen nennen nennen 4 10 Step 4 4 2 Set inputs and Run model sess 4 10 4 5 View and Export model results to Sediment Transport model eee 4 11 5 SEDIMENT LOADING MODEL e nene rera nan nu uaa nu
10. 5000 acres Deer Creek was divided into approximately 25 equally sized catchment areas Choosing the number of catchment areas provides a balance between data analysis and data detail The number of catchment areas will vary for each watershed depending upon its size and other variables Figure 2 7 Deer Creek Watershed To delineate the catchment areas use the Hydrologic Modeling Extension s Watershed function which will require the Flow Direction and Flow Accumulation grids The Watershed function will also require a value denoting the minimum number of cells to form a watershed The larger this threshold value the larger the size of the catchments areas and the smaller the quantity of catchment areas The following page shows the results of three different threshold values applied to the same watershed area At this point the defined watersheds are ready for incorporation into the hydrologic analysis Baird amp Associates 2 8 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Cell Count Threshold 1000 Number of Catchments 7 Cell Count Threshold 600 Number of Catchments 19 Cell Count Threshold 400 Number of Catchments 31 Baird amp Associates 2 9 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 SUBWATERSHED BASED CURVE NUMBER VALUATION USING GIS 3 1 Introduction The NSTM system is setup to use the Soil Conservation Service SCS method for determining peak flows and runof
11. 5c Activate Horizontal Plan Data Type Selection n xi window Step 4 5d Click the menu Plot TS in Grid Points Step 4 5e Select Velocity in Data Type Selection dialog and click List button Step 4 5f In Time Series List dialog press Select All button and then Show Values button Time Series List x Close Fie HD_STORM2HDAdd RES11 lem Velocity Number of Decimals 3 Apply Minimum Maximum Min Time DEER CREEK 9455 00 Veloci 8 23 978 7 59 00 8 20 1978 1 59 00 DEER CREEK 9403 50 Veloc 8 204 978 1 59 00 8 23 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 9352 00 Veloci 8 204 978 1 59 00 8 234 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 9300 50 Veloci 8 20 1978 1 59 00 8 23 1978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 9249 00 veloci 8 20978 1 59 00 8 23 1978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 9150 83 Veloci 8 20978 1 59 00 8 231 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 9052 67 Veloci 8 204 978 2 59 00 8 23 4978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8954 50 Veloci 8 20 1978 8 59 00 8 234 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8856 33 Veloci 8 211978 12 59 00 8 23 1978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8758 17 Veloci 8 21 1978 10 59 00 8 23 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8660 00 Veloci 8 23 1978 1 59 00 8 23 1976 12 59 00 DEER CREEK 8568 17 Veloci 8 20 1978 10 59 00 8 231 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8476 33 Veloci 8 20978 1 59 00 8 231 978 7 59 00 DEER CREEK 8384 50 Veloci
12. 5c and 4 2 5d and select Radius in Data Type Selection dialog and click List button Repeat Step 4 2 5f and 4 2 5g Go back to MS Excel select Row Depth sheet click A4 cell and paste Ctrl V Press Ctrl g to run Save Data Gis Macro Two files will be created with the name Velocity_GIS txt and Depth_GIS txt in the current directory Close Excel Go back to MIKE11 Viewer and close it Baird amp Associates 4 13 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 5 SEDIMENT LOADING MODEL This chapter describes the ArcView 3 x extension that processes MIKE 11 output files and calculates valley wall erosion based on Creek valley segments as defined by the user For each valley segment calculations of erosion volume vertical erosion cumulative vertical erosion and cumulative spatial erosion volume are tabulated For a conceptual overview refer to the foldout Figure 5 5 at the back of this chapter S 1 LOADING THE EXTENSION All the functionality of this extension is encapsulated in one Extension File To load the extension copy the extension file MIKE11POSTPRO AVX to the ArcView extensions folder ARCVIEW EXT32 Start Arc View and using the command File gt Extensions add MIKE11 POSTPRO 5 2 INPUTS This extension combines information from three different sources data from MIKE11 data from ArcView shapefiles and inputs from the user This extension provides post processing of Mi
13. 5e Step 4 3 5f Go to the Time Series page Click a catchment in the Catchment Table Replace file name for rainfall with the file name created in Step 4 3 1 in Hydrological Timeseries for Selected Catchment Repeat Step 4 3 5b and 4 3 5c to change the other catchments Save the modified RR parameters It is strongly recommended that a different file name be used to save the data otherwise the original data will be overwritten without prompt Exit RR parameter editor C cteess HA MM Hodidogical T ues ed es for Sdected Cchnieni Cachmer Haw Overview Tyce Wergtted average Combnsico 1 Baird amp Associates 4 9 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 4 Run the Model This section describes how to set up and run the model 4 4 1 Input e MIKE 11 simulation project data e Rainfall runoff model parameters if modified e Hydrodynamic model parameters if modified 4 4 2 Output The model results are saved in two files for basic output and another two files for additional outputs These files contain e Peak flows e Runoff volumes e Discharge e Water Depth e Flow Velocity 4 4 3 Operation Step 4 4 1 Open a simulation project Run MIKE 11 program and in the MIKE11 window follow these steps Step 4 4 1a Open a simulation file with extension sim11 Step 4 4 1b Go to the Input page Step 4 4 2 Set inputs and Run model In the MIKE11 simulation wind
14. Parameter Editor window will open Follow these steps in the boundary data editor Step 4 3 4a In the Hydro Dynamic page replace time series file with the file created in Step 4 3 2 for downstream water level HCTXCETCCTTNEENNNNNENEEEE linis Hydro Dynamic Advection Dispersion Sediment Transport Rainfall Runoff River Name Chainage Boundary Type Deer Creek o 0 000000 water Level m r Water Level i E Time Series Fie ZBC Storm2 dfs E dit Browse Items Water Level Stage halens haman Boundary Te 4448 000000 Discharge Deer Creek 9455 000000 Discharge 3 Deer Creek 0 000000 Water Level Baird amp Associates 4 8 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 3 4b Step 4 3 4c Step 4 3 4d Go to Rainfall Runoff page replace time series file for rainfall in all catchments with the file name created in Step 4 3 1 Save the modified boundary data It is strongly recommended that a different file name be used to save the data otherwise the original data will be overwritten without prompt Exit Boundary Data editor Step 4 3 5 Edit RR Parameter Data Open a RR parameter editor by clicking Edit button on the RR Parameter row in the simulation window The RR Parameter Editor window will be open And then follow the steps in the RR parameter editor Step 4 3 5a Step 4 3 5b Step 4 3 5c Step 4 3 5d Step 4 3
15. The datasets used thus far have included areas well beyond the extent of Deer Creek to ensure that all drainage areas would be captured Using the flow direction and flow accumulation grids it is possible to identify a watershed based on a user specified point The adjacent ArcView Avenue code from the online Help creates a watershed based on a point that is specified with a cursor in the view The watershed is presented theView av GetActiveDoc theDisplay theView GetDisplay theGridTheme the View GetActiveThemes Get 0 theGrid theGridTheme GetGrid thePoint theDisplay ReturnUserPoint mPoint MultiPoint Make thePoint theSrcGrid theGrid ExtractByPoints mPoint Prj MakeNull FALSE theFlowDir the View FindTheme Flow Direction GetGrid theAccum theView FindTheme Flow Accumulation GetGrid theWater theFlowDir Watershed theSrcGrid SnapPourPoint theAccum 240 create a theme as a new Grid in the View It assumes that there is a single elevation Grid Gtheme active and that the View contains a flow direction Grid named Flow Direction and a flow accumulation Grid named Flow Accumulation The example must be executed from an Apply event since it uses ReturnUserPoint to get the point Associate the script with a button on the View buttonbar Refer to the ArcView document Using Avenue for more information regarding the use of scripts theGTheme GTheme Make theWater check if output is ok if theWate
16. individual USGS DEM sheets are in a format called Spatial Data Transfer Standard SDTS that must be converted into ArcView GRID format ArcView 3 2 contains a utility SDTS Raster to Grid This utility must be run once for each individual DEM dataset If the watershed of interest extends beyond the boundary of one DEM sheet adjacent sheets will each have to be converted into GRIDs and then merged together to form one GRID using the GRID gt Merge request The tile sheets as prepared by the USGS are all edge matched so that they should line up perfectly with each other Figure 2 1 shows 3 Baird amp Associates 2 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling adjacent sheets for the Deer Creek area Atkinson red Wrenshall orange and Frogner green Figure 2 1 Individual Adjacent USGS DEM Tile Sheets Deer Creek area Figure 2 2 shows a three dimensional overview look at a DEM representation of a topographic surface showing how the grids cells cover the entire surface Figure 2 2 Perspective View of DEM Surface Deer Creek area Baird amp Associates 2 3 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling A closer inspection with an exaggerated terrain relief reveals the stepped nature of the dataset An examination of Figure 2 3 reveals the 30 by 30 meter cells as individual steps Figure 2 3 Exaggerated Terrain Relief upper Deer Creek 2 3 Flow Direction For each cell with
17. projects D mike11 valley polygons new E nemadi D omike11 valley polygons ne E gt deer creek D mike11valley polygons new D mike11 valley polygons new D omike11 valley polygons new P_mikel1vallev nolvaons nexlil Select Mike11 elocity Table Tab Delimited REO X List Files of Type pris pE Dame Directories I OK All Files fe vel2gis txt e projects nemadji deer_creek sedi Ces Cancel E projects E nemadii E gt deer creek D sediapr a storm2exist_cumulativeeros storm2exist_cumyerer txt storm2exist erosionvolume storm2exist shearstress t t storm2exist_verticalerosion List Files of Type Drives E Files x e z The user is then prompted to select a base name for the output tables that will be generated These five output tables are e Shear Stress BaseName_ShearStress txt e Erosion Volume BaseName ErosionVolume txt e Cumulative Erosion Volume BaseName CumulativeErosionVolume txt e Vertical Erosion BaseName VerticalErosion txt and e Cumulative Vertical Erosion BaseName Cumulative VerticalErosion txt Shear Stress describes the force of the flow exerted on the river bed SHEAR STRESS 1000 SHEAR VELOCITY SHEAR VELOCITY where SHEAR VELOCITY VELOCITY 2 5 LOG 2 5 DEPTH ROUGHNESS Erosion Volume describes volume of sediment eroded from a given area of the bed over a given period of time EROSION VOLUME EROSION RATE TIME PERIOD AREA
18. 2 B MN475 3 C MN254 3 C MN257 4 D MN254 5 E MN253 5 E MN254 8 H MN253 8 H MN254 Baird amp Associates 3 6 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 3 2 Extracting Land Use Data for the Watershed The next step involves extracting the land use delineations for the watershed area of interest Use the Geoprocessing Wizard s Clip One Theme Based on Another functionality to clip the land use using the watershed boundary and extract only the watershed s land use Figure 3 6 Clipped Land Use to the Watershed Boundary 3 3 3 Intersect Catchment Area Soils Dataset with Land Use Dataset Using the Intersect Two Themes operation again intersect the clipped land use delineations with the Intersect A theme from 3 3 1 to produce a new theme Intersect B This theme will have many more polygons each polygon carrying all of the attributes of the three source themes catchment area soil type and land use classification In the Deer Creek example there are now over 500 discrete continuous areas Figure 3 7 Intersect of Soils Catchment Areas and Land Use Baird amp Associates 3 7 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 4 Calculating Area Weighted Curve Number Values The Intersect B theme has attribute information from all three source themes that were intersected to create it catchment areas soils and land use Using a combination of operators area weighted Curve Number va
19. 3 7 3 3 3 Intersect Catchment Area Soils Dataset with Land Use Dataset eee 3 7 3 4 Calculating Area Weighted Curve Number Values scsssscssssssssssscsscsscssesscsserscrscesesserserserserses 3 8 3 4 1 Calculate Area for Each Catchment Polygon eere ee e ee eee eene n tna tn sena tn sena tnana 3 8 34 2 Create a Key Field C 3 9 3 4 3 Curve Number Lookup Table s sssccscssssssssssscsccsscsccecsscsscsscsscsscsscsscsscsscsscssssscssssscsscsscsssssssecsees 3 10 3 4 4 Link Curve Number Values To Unique Polygon Areas eere reete eene eene entente tnanne 3 11 3 4 5 Calculate the Proportional Curve Number Value for Each Catchment Area 3 11 Baird amp Associates User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 RAINFALL RUNOFF AND HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL ne nena nan 4 1 jPnnn 4 1 4 2 Change CN values for land use change 4 eese eere eese esten eene eee een tata ta ens enses tata tests tns enue 4 1 CMS EX 4 1 4 2 2 OUTDUL aiite terere rto rre Tenere eed EA genere ess eet eve e e ee eve See ve vel ee ves ese va ve Lee ve Eae eee o eese edu 4 1 LIP I Operations MM 4 2 Step 4 2 1 Reorder CN table and Calculate Lag Time eese 4 2 Step 4 2 2 Open MIKEI1 Simulation Project esses
20. 9 70 77 Open water amp wetlands 95 95 95 Open land 75 78 84 Harvested 81 81 89 The CN matrix of values presented here are specific to Deer Creek and have been developed following a calibration procedure and should not be changed without recalibration This table is the base information used to create lookup table in Section 3 43 The land use and soil type dataset themes are readily available in GIS data formats Each theme separately describes features as shapes with attributes This information needs to be combined with catchment delineations developed earlier Integrating these separate layers of information while preserving only the features within the spatial extent common to both themes the watershed is accomplished using the standard GIS spatial operator Intersect Baird amp Associates 3 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 3 Integrating Multiple Source Datasets For Cn Valuation To generate CN values for each catchment area three datasets are combined but only two can be intersected at a time The order makes no difference for the final output but by first combining the watershed catchment areas with the soils delineations it is possible to create an intermediate dataset that can be combined with a more dynamic land use dataset This affords more flexibility in modifying the land use dataset and combining it with the established Catchment Soils dataset The individual datasets are repr
21. A S9 x3 Tim bw zi a eT e F 6 Curve Humber Generated by Arce GIS 1 3 TAE tale fees She CN Men rho ione fo f 5 wirieh bi yemonaed by Are View OS 2 coh acercar E Carhart barbe Wergied Cf 1 4ck Pb ce A5 meimct ard amais CE omne 1 gt lies aene fuo B 3 4 i 000 73 1500 i E LI x 15 2 m 2 17 n im n 18 M m x 2 zt z m 2a n 34 x cs o X mun 3 kJ n T n zm E L MCA MN erm ras LC JT P Iu mmm ter Mem S DIO RID ZAR SENE Tox mds T NBI Step 4 2 1c and Step 4 2 1d Baird amp Associates 4 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling e The reordered CN value is shown in the sheet CN Reorder and the calculated lag time is shown in the sheet named lag time Details for calculating hydraulic length and slop of catchments are referred to the technical report Baird 2000 You can print these pages or keep Excel open for the future use in Step 4 2 3 Eee t ue Fert aed eh Cun Mire tiio i Oe GAP RES Bree Barn G jaw ee Eee tx 4 2 WW Cr Arde eK j S Reorder CN Because he Gite Dye oer ined 1n Hike 17 Mice in Deer Creed by eal ite mow as cotchvnent onder qeamatud n CIS component Cuttrent Mumberis G5 CN inpet ts Mikel SRA x 7I R M 15 1B ta 15 2 T haee in they E bi recut toca iee lt n perdos Lag Tans aot Sheet ade P xi BY the tdt Bee bme Pune Yeh Cols nem tins it Dau nTx5etdo STANK
22. IS environment using a combination of datasets and analysis tools The process described here will use Digital Elevation Model DEM datasets from the United States Geological Survey USGS DEMs consist of a sampled array of elevations for a number of ground positions at regularly spaced intervals called grids The software used is Arc View GIS 3 x from Environmental Systems Research Institute ESRI Redlands California 2 1 1 The ArcView Environment and Extensions Additionally two ArcView extensions developed by ESRI are used Spatial Analyst v 1 1 which must be purchased separately and Hydrologic Modeling v1 1 which is included with ArcView v3 1 and up but can only be installed if the Extension file HYDROVI11 AVX is copied from its default location of ARCVIEW SAMPLES EXT to ARCVIEW EXT32 and then the user adds the extension to the current ArcView project using File gt Extensions The Hydrologic Analysis extension adds a new pull down menu item HYDRO to the ArcView user interface While the Hydrologic Analysis extension contains a tool that will automate the full process of delineating a complete watershed from a raw DEM it is recommended that the user go through each step manually to inspect each new processed dataset for errors Baird amp Associates 2 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 2 2 Digital Elevation Model Datasets 2 2 1 Sourcing and Acquiring USGS DEM Datasets The USGS DEM dataset co
23. O x Eile Edit Yiew Theme Graphics X Help ae 2 EPIS OENE ease 1066 93 L 1378 60 L 1432 00 L 1699 77 Ex 170 83 L 1732 20 LJ 1979 30 E 2077 50 IE 217275 2414 50 Eug 2577 66 2583 00 Eg 261 00 L 2777 12 E 2920 00 E 2128 67 L 2279 00 L 3302 00 E 3573 00 Ey 2684 00 E 2875 00 L 3886 80 4053 560 m 4220 40 Eg 4257 00 E lv 1 4448 00 In the view window with the valley polygon theme selected click on the MIKE11 PostPro button on the button bar on the top of the ArcView screen ArcView will display an information box and then prompt the user to enter values for three variables Roughness Critical Shear Stress Factor Relation Erosion to Shear Stress and Bluff Slumping Factor Default values are presented for each 0 0025 4 0 1 and 0 002 respectively Baird amp Associates 5 3 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling ariables D X Figure 5 2 x Variable Input Dialog Box Variables Roughness fo 0025 i Critical Shear Stress 1 Cancel Factor Relating Erosion to Shear Stress 0 1 Bank Slumping Factor 0 003 Roughness describes how the unevenness of the bed slows the flow of water above the bed Critical Shear Stress is the shear stress at which erosion of sediment is just initiated It has been determined through an in house Baird database from experimental tests and calibration Factor Relating Erosion to S
24. R Parameter Editor window follow the steps Step 4 2 3a Goto UHM page Step 4 2 3b Input the CN values initial AMC see details in the technical report and lag time computed in Step 3 2 1 for all catchments in the Overview table Baird amp Associates 4 4 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 2 3c Save the modified RR parameters It is strongly recommended that a different file name be used to save the RR parameters otherwise the original data will be overwritten without prompt Step 4 2 3d Exit RR parameter editor 4 3 Prepare Boundary Conditions for a Storm Event This RR and HD model can predict runoff discharge and water levels for a design or historical storm event Precipitation data and water level at watershed outlets are required to run the model This section provides detail instructions to prepare the inputs to run the model for a defined storm event The model is set to run only hourly rainfall simulations 4 3 1 Input Data input e Hourly precipitation Rainfall intensity mm hr from meteorological station records Or designed hourly precipitation intensity e Hourly water level m at the watershed outlets Data needed in the step e Simulations project data e Rainfall Runoff model parameters e Hydrodynamic model parameters 4 3 2 Output e Mike 11 time series data dfso for rainfall e Mike 11 time series data dfso for water level e Rainfall run
25. USER MANUAL Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling PREPARED FOR U S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS DETROIT DISTRICT PREPARED BY W F BAIRD amp ASSOCIATES COASTAL ENGINEERS LTD AUGUST 2000 This report has been prepared for U S Corps of Engineers by W F BAIRD amp ASSOCIATES COASTAL ENGINEERS LTD 627 Lyons Lane Suite 200 Oakville Ontario L6J 5Z7 For further information please contact Steve Langendyk 905 845 5385 ext 23 or Qimiao Lu 905 845 5385 ext 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION e rneiuuuuauan uuu au aa RR IRR RR RRRRRRRRRSRERSRRSRERRRRRRERSRRRERERERSaRURaA 1 1 1 1 About This rr 1 1 1 2 Manual 1 2 DS Bie EY Pes AEAEE AA AAA AAAA AATE 1 3 1 4 Hardware and Software Requirement s essosososossosososossesososcssosososeesosososeesesososossososossssososossesesossssese 1 4 LUU M 1 4 1 6 Contact Information sssscsesssssscsesscsssrsesscsssrsesecssssscsecsssssesesscsssssesecsssssesscsssesesacssssseseseesssssesscssenees 1 4 2 WATERSHED DELINEATION USING GIS 2 1 2 1 Introduction ssscsssssssssssssssscsesscsssesesscsssssasscsssssesscsssssesscsssssesscsssssesacsssssesacsessscsesacsssssasscsssssasscssssseses 2 1 2 1 1 The ArcView Environment and EXtensSio
26. Use a small number such as 0 01 to represent no evaporation considered in the storm event IET Ho lyoke Rainfall May 2000 a 0 01 00 20000502 Step 4 3 le Save time series data as the meaningful name Step 4 3 1f Exit Time Series Editor Step 4 3 2 Estimate water level at downstream boundary In the MIKE11 window follow these steps Step 4 3 28 Create a new blank time series data by repeat Step 4 3 1a to Step 4 3 1c Step 4 3 2b Input property data such as title start date time time step should be 1 hour number of step item should include water level in File Property dialog and click OK Step 4 3 2c Input the estimated or recorded water level or assign a constant clicking Tools Calculator Water level at the downstream boundary is required in the model The downstream water level can simply be assigned a constant or estimated according the precipitation data Step 4 3 2d Save time series data as the meaningful name Step 4 3 2e Exit Time Series Editor Baird amp Associates 4 7 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 3 3 Open a simulation project Run MIKE 11 program and in the MIKE11 window follow these steps Step 4 3 3a Open a simulation file with extension sim11 Step 4 3 3b Go to the Input page Step 4 3 4 Edit Boundary Condition Data Open a boundary condition editor by clicking Edit button on the Boundary Data row The RR
27. ach of the over 500 polygons But there is significantly less unique combinations of soil and land use A list of unique values can be generated and stored in a separate table called a Lookup Table Baird amp Associates 3 9 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 4 3 Curve Number Lookup Table Continue by creating a lookup table of Curve Number values that match the soils land use matrix presented at the beginning of this chapter This table can be generated in ArcView from the attribute table of the Intersect B theme Highlight the CN Key field then use the command Field gt Summarize When the Summary Table Definition dialog window appears identify an output file name CN Valuation LUT dbf and location The resulting output file will contain two fields CN Key and Count and significantly fewer rows than the source table Ensure this file is named CN Valuation LUT dbf In the case of Deer Creek about 40 unique combinations of soil and land use exist Begin editing this lookup table delete the Count field add a new field called CN Value Type Number Width 6 Decimal Places 0 and populate this field with values from the soils land use matrix like the one presented earlier in this chapter on page 3 2 When completed stop editing and save the changes to this file This lookup table provides a very efficient way to experiment with different CN values without havin
28. anual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 A quick inspection of the Watershed Total Area dbf file reveals that it shares a common field with the Intersect B attribute table WATERSHED This is called the key field and will be used to join the summary table to the Intersect B table In the Watershed Total Area dbf table click on the WATERSHED heading button Switch to the Intersect B table and click on the WATERSHED heading button Append the fields from the summary table to the Intersect B table using the Join command under the Table pull down menu The fields from the summary table are now part of the attribute table 5 Create a new field to store the proportional area called PROP AREA with the following parameters Type Number Width 10 Decimal Places 6 6 Using the calculator command calculate proportional area as being equal to Area divided by Total Area Save and stop editing the table 3 4 2 Create a Key Field Continue by opening the attribute table of Intersect B and adding a new field Fields Type Requests called CN_Key string 50 characters Sharel E Pus Highlight this new field and using the Pas Field gt Calculate command create the M expression CN_Key Soils DAA Ko Landuse The use of two plus signs is Inpede MER NS interpreted by ArcView as concatenate FESSES manal ttem Cancel with a space In the example case of Deer Creek a CN Key value is generated for e
29. esentations of a particular theme Each dataset theme delineates boundaries around common elements forming polygons As datasets are combined and intersected the number of polygons increases as their geometry is integrated Figure 3 1 illustrates how combining multiple data sets creates small polygons Each polygon within a dataset also has various attributes associated with it As the polygons are combined their attributes are aggregated as well Creating Unique Areas for Curve Number Valuation on the Skunk Creek Watershed Watersheds Soils Landuse 41 Polygons 3 Palygons 350 Polygons Step 1 Overlay Watersheds and Sails gt Step 2 Overlay Step1 with Landuse 783 Polygons Figure 3 1 Intersecting Multiple Datasets Baird amp Associates 3 3 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 3 1 Combining Catchment Area and Soils Within a catchment area multiple soil types may be present Along these boundaries the catchment polygons will be split into new separate polygons This is a common GIS spatial operation called Intersect The new resultant polygon holds the attributes common to the two intersecting polygons Figure 3 2 Soil Boundaries on Catchment Areas Baird amp Associates 3 4 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling The GIS spatial operator Intersect is part of a group of tools loaded with the Geoprocessing Extension an optional ArcView extension and is accessed from the pull
30. f volumes from sub watersheds For this reason a GIS based methodology was setup to generate the required input variables to this method ArcView GIS will be used to determine catchment area Curve Numbers and watershed slope 3 2 SCS Method The Soil Conservation Service Runoff Curve Number or CN value is used to convert storm rainfall to runoff Curve numbers provide a way of describing how quickly and to what extent storm rainfall becomes runoff for a particular area Major contributing factors include land use cover and soil type The relationship to determine runoff is Q 1 0 2 S 2 I 0 8S U S Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service SCS National Engineering Handbook 1972 where Q direct surface runoff depth mm I stormrainfall mm S maximum potential difference between rainfall and runoff starting at the time the storm begins mm S 25 100 CN 254 U S Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service SCS National Engineering Handbook 1972 where CN the runoff curve number dimensionless Curve numbers have been developed by the Soil Conservation Service to describe the characteristic land use treatment or practice hydrologic condition hydrologic soil group and antecedent moisture condition of a sub watershed Land use defines whether the area is agricultural suburban or urban land Treatment refers to agricultural practices such as straight row terraced or contoured farming
31. g to edit the larger 500 polygon theme These values of CN for various soils land use combinations are initially selected from literature sources and can be modified by the user through calibration efforts The values in this lookup table can now be joined to the polygons in the Intersect B theme Baird amp Associates 3 10 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 3 4 4 Link Curve Number Values To Unique Polygon Areas Follow these steps to link the curve number values lookup table to the Intersect B polygon theme l Open the lookup table CN Valuation LUT dbf and the polygon shapefile in ArcView Open the attribute table for the polygon shapefile theme Notice that both the tables share a common field called CN KEY This is called the key field and will be used to join the lookup table to the attribute table In the lookup table window click on the CN KEY heading button It should depress In the attribute table window click on the CN KEY heading button It too should depress Look for a new button on the top of the ArcView window It s about 6 from the right on the top row and shows a little arrow pointing left The popup help name is JOIN Click this button to perform a tabular join The polygon attribute table should now contain a new field called CN VALUE 3 4 5 Calculate the Proportional Curve Number Value for Each Catchment Area Next to be calcula
32. hear Stress describes how the rate of erosion changes with shear stress This parameter has also been determined through an in house Baird database from experimental tests and calibration Bluff Slumping Factor relates the erosion forces of the stream to the area of the valley polygons defined by the user This parameter represents the ratio of stream erosion area to the total area of the valley polygon and has been calibrated for the Deer Creek subwatershed More discussion on the derivation and influence of these parameters is presented in the accompanying report Next the user is presented with a list of all the attribute fields for Theme Mike11 valley polygons new2 nonhe sted x the valley polygon theme and Please Select the KEY field asked to select the KEY field The KEY field uniquely Cancel identifies each polygon and corresponds to the MIKE11 calculation points identified in Drainsto the MIKEI1 output files for Cmverter depth and velocity Cmervol Spemvol SpCmVol Baird amp Associates 5 4 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling After selecting the KEY field the user is prompted to select the MIKE11 depth table file and the velocity table file These files should be tab delimited amp Select Mike11 Depth Table Tab Delimited ee xj File Name Directories OK J dep2ais txt e projects nemadji deer_creek sedi D august re run using the sar E es E
33. ies data file at the Holyoke meteorological station for the storm event of August 1978 A missing segment of the file name refers to data that can be applied in the whole range described in that segment data For instance the file name Deer nwk11 refers to the river network data for the Deer Creek which can be applied for all storm events and all other simulations Baird amp Associates 1 3 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 1 4 Hardware and Software Requirement The NSTM system can only run on IBM compatible personal computers with the Microsoft Windows Operating System The minimum hardware and software requirements for the NSTM system are listed below Hardware e Pentium II or greater CPU e 1 Gigabyte of free hard drive space e 32MB of memory RAM Software e Microsoft Windows 95 e ES R I ArcView GIS Version 3 1 e ES R I Spatial Analyst Version 1 1 e Danish Hydraulic Institute MIKE 11 Version 4 10 one site license has been obtained for use with the Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Project e Excel for Microsoft Office 95 1 5 Installation The NSTM system incorporates ArcView GIS MIKE 11 and Excel software into an interactive system These software packages should be installed prior to installing the NSTM Please refer to the manuals of these packages for complete installation instructions Once the packages have been installed the NSTM data sets can be loaded onto the computer
34. in a DEM grid the flow direction of water draining will be to one of its 8 neighbours that cell with the steepest drop By applying this procedure for each and every cell in the elevation GRID the flow direction establishes an overall drainage pattern as water flows from one cell to another and to another and so on until finally reaching the edge of the dataset A cell or group of cells that does not drain out to the edge would be considered a sink This can occur when all 8 neighbouring cells are at a higher elevation This essentially creates a sink which is considered to have indeterminate flow direction Sinks in elevation data are sometimes due to errors in the data due to sampling techniques and the rounding of elevation values to integer numbers To create a Flow Direction GRID that isolates these potential sinks use the Hydrologic Modeling Extension function Hydro gt Identify Sinks To create an accurate representation of flow direction it is best to use a dataset that is free of sinks At this point the flow direction grid only identifies sinks A digital elevation model that has been processed to remove all sinks is referred to as a depressionless DEM Baird amp Associates 2 4 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling which simplifies the DEM representation for drainage analysis To create a depressionless DEM simply use the Hydrologic Modeling Extension function Hydro gt Fill Sinks on the DEM Alternately
35. ing System e ES R I ArcView GIS Version 3 1 or higher e E S R I Spatial Analyst Version 1 1 e DH MIKE 11 e Microsoft Excel 1 2 Manual Format This manual is divided into the following parts for each of the four model components describing e Description of Functions e Input e Output e Operations Baird amp Associates 1 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 1 3 File Types Various types of the data are used in the system The data type is identified by the file extension name The data types used in the system are GIS Data shp shx and dbf These 3 files together comprise an ArcView shapefile which is used to store GIS vector point line area features MIKE11 sim11 Mikel1 model simulation data nwk11 Mikel 1 River network data bnd11 Mikel 1 Boundary condition data E ausus Mikell Rainfall runoff model parameters T hd11 Mikell Hydrodynamic model parameters isl Mikell Cross section data TCS 224 Mikel1 model results dfsO Mikel11 Time series data OLY siete Mikell complete layout view data To assist the user a file format convention has been developed Each data filename in this system consists of three name segments separated by dashes as follows creek name or station name storm event date short date format yymm variable name and the extension For example the file name Holyoke 7808 Rainfall dfsO is the rainfall time ser
36. kell Velocity and Depth output files The structure of the Mikell output files is quite simple tab delimited with columns representing different points cells along the stream network and rows representing different time periods The user must manually create these files by simply copying the raw data from within MIKE11 and pasting into an Excel spreadsheet In Excel use the SAVE_DATA_GIS macro as described in step 3 2 5n of chapter 4 This macro will convert the data into a GIS compatible format as follows columns represent spatial variations rows represent temporal variation the first column indicates the time step the second column indicates the elapsed time and the first row identifies the river chainage or valley segment identification This first row should contain the key identifier for each cell that corresponds to values in an attribute field in a polygon theme Inspect the output text files and ensure that they do not contain any trailing blank lines at the end of the file These lines must be deleted in order for the ArcView extension to function properly Baird amp Associates 5 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling This extension also requires a polygon shapefile corresponding to the MIKE11 calculation points along the stream network For each point a polygon is delineated that extends to the top of the stream valley walls These polygons will form the basis for calculating erosion volumes Each polygon
37. lues for each catchment area will now be calculated 3 4 1 Calculate Area for Each Catchment Polygon Begin by calculating the area for each polygon This can be accomplished using the ArcView sample script calcapl ave which calculates feature geometry area and perimeter for individual polygon objects within a theme Verify the creation of two new fields Area and Perimeter in the attribute table and ensure that the units are meters As an extension to the area calculation it is necessary to calculate the proportional area for each polygon within each catchment watershed This is required to calculate the area weighted CN value of each polygon in relation to the watershed catchment area that it is a part of Follow the 8 steps below to calculate the proportional area for each polygon in the Intersect B theme 1 Open the theme attribute table and select the WATERSHED field by clicking on the column header 2 Choose Summarize from the Field pull down menu 3 In the Summary Table Definition window identify the output file as Watershed Total Area dbf From the Field drop down list choose AREA From the Summarize By drop down list choose SUM Click on the Add button and SUM AREA will be added to the list in the bottom right of the window Click OK e Summary Table Definition i c watershed total area dbf OK Field Cancel le m Add Summarize by Delete Sum w Baird amp Associates 3 8 User M
38. m j ne WB ZU W3IHDsx u0o A i xX 7m Je SSRRLAMAAAIS PAAR KAHAAILS AAs 489 E Calculate Lag Time om Phydras ik Lag Cure largi Gri Market o 44 m 24 E 5 m 23 E 17 m 35 x 14 m 19 2m 14 m 16 19 14 19 15 m 14 14 14 epo Eg Ten id te b OL DE o kerde Loa e f tel am Cl meme a OR 9 2 A mm HUN pe ated Step 4 2 1e CN value nc B st 0 m 0 a Ti 3m m a0 17 2 12 ti 5 18 5 20 al 12 2 08 2 22 Lr n a 12 x 2 2 3 1 7 3 cc on 2 30 Dn Step 4 2 1e LagTime ae ARCO FO Rada teg te T OC eee SOOR AT amp 4 A BT Ree vnd ER P Note Lag time may not be automatically calculated if the Automatic calculation option in Excel is selected To avoid this click the excel menu Tools Options click the page Calculations check the Automatic radio button to select it Baird amp Associates 4 3 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 2 2 Open MIKE 1 Simulation Project Start the MIKE 11 program In the MIKE11 window follow the steps Step 4 2 2a Open a simulation file with extension sim11 Step 4 2 2b Go to the Input page Step 4 2 20 Click Edit button on the RR parameter to edit RR parameter RR Parameter Editor window will be open NALIIMIUNE NI S LI et Clienti nS hom Deer HD well ise Il Deer HO _Cotch Storm _ExpteAR11 Modified Step 4 2 3 Edit RR model parameters In R
39. ns ssssessssessssscscssssessssssssscsssssessssessssssssssassssssssseseseess 2 1 2 2 Digital Elevation Model Datasets cscsscsscsscsscssssssssessccscssesscsseesecsecscsecseesecsecsessessessessessecseesers 2 2 2 2 1 Sourcing and Acquiring USGS DEM Datasets s sssssssssssssssssssecsscsscsecsscsscsscssssessecssssesseoees 2 2 2 2 2 Importing and Using USGS DEM Datasets into ArcView GIS eere 2 2 2 3 Flow DirectiOn cscssscsossssssrsesesssssscsessessscsesscsssssesscsssssesscssssesacsssssesacsssssosacsssssssasscssssasscssessesscsssssosecs 2 4 2 4 Flow Accumulation A M 2 5 2 5 Watershed Extraction s esssesseososeseoseseosescoseseoseseoscseoecseoeeseoecseoeoseoeoseoeoseseoseeeoseeeoseeeoseseoseseosesrosessoseseosese 2 6 2 6 Generating Subwatershed Catchment Areas eseesssesescesesescsoesesesosoesesesosossesesosossesesosossssesescssssesesoe 2 8 3 SUBWATERSHED BASED CURVE NUMBER VALUATION USING GIS 3 1 nn M 3 1 rnnn 3 1 3 3 Integrating Multiple Source Datasets For Cn Valuation eeeeeeee esee eene entente enata enatnan 3 3 3 3 1 Combining Catchment Area and Soils eere ee eee eerie e esten entente sensns enata sens tn stas tnann 3 4 3 3 2 Extracting Land Use Data for the Watershed A eere ee eee eese esten e entente sensns tnn
40. nt provides preparations of all spatial databases which are used are as inputs to the hydrological modeling and hydrodynamic modeling The hydrological model calculates runoffs for all catchments for inputs to the hydrodynamic model The hydrodynamic model simulates the hydrodynamics in the rivers and provides hydrodynamic parameters such as velocity water depth and discharge to the sediment transport component that calculates river erosion and sediment load The details of these links are described in a companion technical report Baird 2000 The NSTM system has been calibrated for the Skunk Creek subwatershed and the Deer Creek subwatershed These two subwatersheds are used to present the general concepts of the NSTM in specific examples This manual has been prepared for the U S Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District by Baird amp Associated with contributions from the Detroit based firm Wade Trim Baird amp Associates 1 1 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Topography Graphic Landuse Soils Presentation Curve numbers Sediment loading slopes areas downcutting Peak flows Water levels and runoff volumes and velocities This manual is designed for users to operate this calibrated system for a range of land use conditions including changing forestry practices in the Skunk Creek and Deer Creek subwatersheds The manual is suitable for users who are familiar with e Microsoft Windows 9x NT 2000 Operat
41. off model parameters e Hydrodynamic parameters Baird amp Associates 4 5 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 3 3 Operations Step 4 3 1 Prepare hourly precipitation data amp 9 MIKE 11 F MIKE 21 Run MIKE11 In MIKE 11 window follow these LITPACK P MIKE Zero H Time Series HE Plot Composer Step 4 3 1a Click File New Step 4 3 1b Select Mike Zero Time Series in New dialog and then click the OK button Step4 3 1c Select Blank Time Series in New Step 4 3 1b Time Series dialog click OK Step 4 3 1c x Cancel Help BR From Ascii File Templates Step 4 3 1d Input property data such as title start date time time step should be 1 hour number of step items should include rainfall and evaporation in File Property dialog and click OK o General Informati ok m General Information OK ee Title Holyoke Rainfall May 2000 Cancel m Axis Information Help Asis Type Equidistant Calendar Axis Start Time 5 2 2000 01 00 00 4M Time Step o 01 00 00 No of Timesteps 240 m Item Information mme type ui mn oo f A imee Step 4 3 1d BE Evaporation milimeter O n Insert Append Delete Baird amp Associates 4 6 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Input the precipitation and evaporation in Time Series Editor window
42. op down list choose PROP_CN From the SUMMARIZE BY drop down list choose SUM Click on the ADD button Save this file as Catchment_CN_Values dbf The end result is a table with many rows each representing one of the catchment areas and that catchment s area weighted curve number This table of Curve Number values is suitable for use with the MIKE 11 model WTRSHED COUNT SUM PROP CN 1 45 78 2340 2 15 78 5730 3 24 78 6070 4 1 78 0000 5 3 78 0000 6 37 76 5520 7 13 78 7050 Baird amp Associates 3 12 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 RAINFALL RUNOFF AND HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL 4 1 Introduction The MIKE 11 Rainfall Runoff RR model and Hydrodynamic HD models have been set up and calibrated for the Skunk Creek and Deer Creek watersheds The NTSM system has the ability to predict peak flow rate runoff volume water level and sediment loading for both historical and design storm events This section describes how to prepare the inputs for the RR and HD models and how to run the models for a selected storm event 4 2 Change CN values for land use change The NTSM system can be used to evaluate changing land use practices on the Skunk or Deer Creek subwatersheds The Skunk Creek was developed with the limited digital land user classifications only four The Deer Creek model has eleven land use classifications and allows for the best scenarios to evaluate land use changes
43. ow follow these steps Step 4 4 2a Change the file name of the boundary data if a different file name was used to save Boundary Data in Step 4 3 4 Baird amp Associates 4 10 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Step 4 4 2b Step 4 4 2c Step 4 4 2d Step 4 4 2e UL MINNIE I Models Input Simsion enis Stet Results up K ScmgFie3 10 ap dE st EXE d RR HUE Me 120 Change the file name of the RR parameters if a different file name was used to save RR parameters in Step 4 3 5 or Step 4 2 3 Go to Result page to change file names to save the model results Otherwise the original model results will be overwritten Go to Start page to check the validity of the input data All light icons adjacent to the input data file names must be green otherwise there are errors in the input data Click Start button to run MIKE11 model Baird amp Associates 4 11 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 5 View and Export model results to Sediment Transport model Run MIKE Viewer and view model results on the screen Refer MIKE11 Viewer manual for the details Velocity and water depth data are needed for sediment transport calculations These data can be exported from the MIKE 11 model results with the following steps Step 4 5a Run Mikell View Step 4 5b Open Mikel1 additional model results mostly the file name is like add res11 Step 4
44. r HasError then return NIL end add theme to the view Baird amp Associates 2 6 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling Using this Avenue code it is possible to extract out just the Deer Creek tributary watershed into a new grid This drainage catchment area represents the spatial extents that are of interest from here on Figure 2 5 Deer Creek Watershed This watershed grid should be converted to a binary mask grid with all of the grid cells containing just one value 1 and the remainder of the grid being No Data Do this using the Analysis gt Map Calculator or Analysis gt Reclassify The new binary mask grid representing the Deer Creek subwatershed is used to clip out or extract a new DEM from the larger DEM using the Map Calculator Figure 2 6 highlights the extracted Deer Creek watershed by coloring its DEM against a greyscale hillshaded backdrop Figure 2 6 Deer Creek Watershed Baird amp Associates 2 7 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 2 6 Generating Subwatershed Catchment Areas From the Deer Creek watershed DEM new Flow Direction and Flow Accumulation grids can be generated These grids are required to delineate smaller catchments areas within the larger Deer Creek watershed The Hydrologic Modeling extension allows the use of threshold values to delineate subcatchment areas within a watershed The overall Deer Creek watershed is approximately
45. should be uniquely identified with an attribute field identifying a corresponding MIKE11 calculation point This polygon shapefile should also have its area geometry calculated in square meters and stored in an attribute field called AREA D ted uw CL UE 4 BOUNDARY p a CA Figure 5 1 Stream Valley Walls MIKE11 polygons defined to match model results The user will be prompted to identify values for Roughness Critical Shear Stress and Factor Relating Erosion to Shear Stress Figure 5 2 Default values for each will be suggested Baird amp Associates 5 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 5 3 USING THE EXTENSION Once loaded the extension is launched from a MIKE11 PostPro button on the View button bar For the button to be available the view must contain a polygon coverage M representing stream valley polygons corresponding to the MIKE11 calculation points This extension also calculates the spatial downstream cumulative erosion volume the total volume of sediment that will pass by any point along the stream For this function to work the stream valley polygon theme must contain an attribute field that identifies the polygon s corresponding DRAINS TO polygon One special polygon is the river mouth polygon which identifies ITSELF as the drains to polygon All other polygons will drain to another polygon as identified in the DRAINS TO field amp ArcView GIS 3 2 Re l
46. ted is the proportional CN value for each catchment area polygon This value is equal to the proportional area of the polygons within the catchment area multiplied by the respective CN value 1 Begin by creating a new field in the polygon theme s attribute table to hold these values From the pull down menus choose TABLE gt START EDITING 2 From the pull down menus choose EDIT gt ADD FIELD Create the following field NAME PROP_CN TYPE NUMBER WIDTH 10 DECIMAL PLACES 3 3 In the attribute table window click on the PROP_CN heading button Baird amp Associates 3 11 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 4 Calculate the proportional CN value for each polygon From the pull down menu choose FIELD gt CALCULATE 5 In the FIELD CALCULATOR window construct a formula In the FIELDS list double click on PROP AREA It should be added to the formula window in the bottom left of the window In the REQUEST list double click on multiply And in the FIELDS window double click on CN VALUE Click the OK button Save the edits to the table and choose Stop Editing from the Table menu 6 Tabulate these values for each of the catchment areas In the attribute table window click on the watershed NAME field heading button 7 From the pull down menu choose FIELD gt SUMMARIZE A window titled SUMMARY TABLE DEFINITION should appear 8 Inthe SUMMARY TABLE DEFINITION window from the FIELD dr
47. to generate the erosion volume and total sediment load Baird amp Associates 6 2 User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling
48. u n uana R Rua aua Raum Rau aa 5 1 5 1 LOADING THE EXTENSION ccccsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscesscecscscscssscscssscscscssssssssssssssssscscscssssssscesesees 5 1 5 1 5 3 USING THE EXTENSION cererii i t anan Gi A E EE EEEa 5 2 Baird amp Associates User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling 6 ASSESSING LAND USE CHANGE 4e onn nnnnnunuununuuuu aua nuu auRR RR RE R ERR URS 6 1 6 1 Introduction e 6 1 Anime X 6 1 GS OUT ul BH irse 6 1 E EO dte WULOD er 6 1 Baird amp Associates User Manual Nemadji River Sediment Transport Modeling USER MANUAL SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELING SYSTEM IN NEMADJI RIVER BASIN 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 About This Manual A modeling system has been developed to assess sediment loading in the Nemadji River Basin This manual is prepared for users who use this modeling system to assess the impact of land use change on sediment load in the Nemadji River Basin and its tributaries The Nemadji Sediment Transport Modeling NSTM system consists of four components Spatial Database Preparation GIS Component Rainfall Runoff Hydrological modeling Hydrodynamic Modeling Sediment Transport Calculations The conceptual links of these four system components are shown in Figure 1 The GIS compone
49. vers the entire United States More information regarding USGS Digital Elevation Model Data can be found at http edc usgs gov glis hyper guide usgs_dem Appropriate datasets to support the analysis discussed here can be downloaded at the USGS Geographic Data Download page at http edc usgs gov doc edchome ndcdb ndcdb html Several scales of DEM data are available including 1 24 000 and 1 250 000 For this exercise the larger scaled 1 24 000 will be used Compared to the 1 250 000 scale dataset the 1 24 000 dataset provides a more detailed representation of the topography but also results in a larger dataset To cover the entire U S using 1 24 000 scale the mapping is broken up into individual tile sheets that correspond to the USGS 1 24 000 scale topographic quadrangle map series for all of the United States and its territories Each DEM is based on a 30 by 30 meter cell data spacing called a raster data model In the raster model geographic space is partitioned into equal sized square cells that collectively cover the entire geographic region under study A raster grid exists in a Cartesian coordinate system the rows and columns in the grid are parallel to the axes of the coordinate system and each grid cell stores a numeric data value This model is ideally suited to representing features that vary continuously over space such as temperature or elevation surface 2 2 2 Importing and Using USGS DEM Datasets into ArcView GIS The
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