Nitrox Package - Lawrence Factor
Contents
1. physiology and mixing or how the two are differentiated This manual should help eliminate this confusion 35 00 Enriched Air Nitrox Student Manual and Workbook by Dick Rutkowski An instructor student guide for the use of nitrogen oxygen mixtures as a divers breathing gas Designed as a simplified version of how to use and handle nitrox N2 02 this manual includes physics physiology and pathophysiology of nitrox use oxygen safety analysis of nitrox ixtures operational implications decompression tables for nitrox mixtures and training for mixers users This book is the official manual for the International Association of Nitrox Divers 30 00 Hyperbarics International Inc 490 Caribbean Drive Key Largo FL 33037 305 451 2551 IVINGMANUALS by HyperbaricsIn ternational Inc Recompression Chamber Life Support Manual by Dick Rutkowski An instructor student guide explaining the correct physics physiology and pathophysiology of breathing gases during hyperbaric exposure in recompression chambers habitats and diving bells Open circuit free flow demand and closed circuit systems for both field and hospital based chambers are covered teaching the skills and knowledge necessary to correct time gas and pressure physiology for encapsulating patients and tenders in a hyperbaric environment A must for every chamber operator 30 00 Nitrox Manual by Dick Rutkowski A guide and workbook for the use of nitr2. rugged and corrosion resistant materials Each appliance is subject to rigorous testing and sanitizing including comprehensive analysis by X zam Laboratories Easy and Convenient Lawrence Factor HF Series Appliances can be used with the equipment you already own No special set up such as a membrane system specialty compressor or other production method is needed Economical Lawrence Factor HF Series Appliances represent a lower capital investment than comparable systems And because they can be used with the equipment you now own expensive upgrades are unnecessary Effective A Lawrence Factor HF Series Appliance when used with X pendable and X tractor filters can be used to designed air and inert gases to your precise specifications General Specifications Minimum WP 2000 PSI Maximum WP 5000 PSI Max Operating Temp 100 F Tensile Strength 83000 Cylinder Mat Aluminum Couplings Stainless Steel Safety Factor 4 1ASME Re Pressure Cycle Life 40000 Minimum Inlet Condition Depends upon your application Please consult your Lawrence Factor representative for guidance Included Lawrence Factor X pendable Cartridge Set Instruction Manual Full 1 year Warranty Lifetime Cartridge Holder Corrosion Warranty Optional Accessories and Supplies Electronic Cartridge Change Monitor Electronic Dewpoint Monitor Cryomon Contaminant Monitor Gas Sampling Con
3. Capacity 75 000 CF Dims 38 W x 38 Hx 5 D 4 Polishing Cartridges in housings High capacity Particle Filter as low as 0 5 microns Check Valve Priority Valve Flow Governor 8 Check Valve LAWRENCE FACTOR High Purity At High Pressure 4740 NW 157th Street Miami Lakes FL 33014 Ph 305 430 0550 Fax 305 430 0864 www Lawrence Factor com www 5000psi com Lawrence Factor X pendable and X zam are registered trademarks of Lawrence Factor Inc Copyright 2004 DIVING MANUALS y Hvyperbarics International Inc Diving Accident Manual by Dick Rutkowski This manual is a simplified version of how to recognize a diving accident victim recognition of signs and symptoms stabilization first aid and evacuation procedures First edition 1978 revised many times since 5 00 lt 2 c wee owe we Blending amp Partial Pressure Methods of Mixing Nitrox Trimix by Dick Rutkowski This manual is intended to be a guide to those persons without detailed technical training It is intended to help explain the standards properties equipment oxygen safety handling and cleaning procedures for mixing or blending diving gases other than air such as Nitrox EANx or Trimix Unqualified persons are often confused as to what standard to use for mixing oxygen air and helium because they do not understand the differences between
4. many professional associations within this field LAWRENCE FACTOR High Purity At High Pressure 4740 NW 157th Street Miami Lakes FL 33014 Ph 305 430 0550 Fax 305 430 0864 www Lawrence Factor com www 5000psi com Lawrence Factor X pendable and X zam are registered trademarks of Lawrence Factor Inc Copyright 2004 TECHNICAL ARTICLE OXYGEN COMPATIBLE AIR FROM OIL LUBRICATED COMPRESSORS AND ITS RECOMMENDED SAFETY FACTOR FROM THE DESK OF Michael Casey II Making oxygen compatible air from oil lubricated compressors can be done rather easily when your compressor is working properly and your system is relatively clean To make and design a purification system which will produce oxygen compatible air under the above conditions is easy yet ABSOLUTELY WRONG IRRESPONSIBLE AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS With the production of CGA grade E air for sport diving purposes should the air fall out of standards it will most likely be for substances that pose no immediate problem It will be found during your next scheduled air analysis At which time corrective action can take place In the case of oxygen compatible air the most critical substance in the standard is condensed hydrocarbons To fall out of oxygen compatible air standards in reference to condensed hydrocarbons or large particles of chemical media can be extremely dangerous It s these substances that can react as fuel which might possibly be cata
5. NEW PARTS PURIFICATION MEDIA PARTICLE PADS GREASE L F W REGULATOR CLEANER CO COP O RINGS INDICATOR KITS SERVICE KITS MICRONIC FILTERS X ZAM BREATHING AIR ANALYSIS AND MUCH MORE CALL FOR PRODUCT INFORMATION AND PRICES LAWRENCE FACTOR High Purity At High Pressure 4740 NW 157th Street Miami Lakes FL 33014 Ph 305 430 0550 Fax 305 430 0864 www Lawrence Factor com www 5000psi com Lawrence Factor X pendable and X zam are registered trademarks of Lawrence Factor Inc Copyright 2004 COMMON OCA SET UP STORAGE BANKS PROCESSING CAPACITY 65000 CUBIC FEET q A nee DRAIN EVERY 15 MINUTES COMPRESSOR os 1 1 STANDARD GRADE E FILL WHIPS HF 961 131 HYPER PURE APPLIANCE PROCESSING CAPACITY 40 000 CUBIC FEET r mr r i LO OCA FILL _ WHIPS HIGH HF PURIFICATION ACCURACY GAUGE SYSTEM THIS IS THE CORRECT BASIC SET UP FOR AN OCA SYSTEM THIS SYSTEM WILL AFFORD PLENTY OF SAFETY FACTOR WHEN DOING PARTIAL PRESSURE BLENDING IF OPERATED BY TRAINED PERSONNEL WITH REGULAR SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE PRODUCT SPECS For Something Lot More Precise Than Just Mixing a Highball HF Series Appliances Your Perfect Choice For Mixed Ai
6. ZERO AIR Implementing Adsorption Technology To Produce Hydrocarbon Free Air Mixed gas diving is surfacing throughout the sport diver community and a fury of questions have been rising with it Often there are no pat answers for these curiosities and the craftsmen of the movement are just as bewildered for lack of defined instruction Because of my involvement with purification products I am always being fielded with the can we questions at the air blending stage So equipment and procedures aside the focus here will be on the acceptance of enriching air made by OIL LUBRICATED compressors which are already in place for standard diving air with compressed oxygen It is my opinion that this concept is viable practical and insurable yet there are precautions to be heeded As you all know petroleum products A K A Condensable hydrocarbons will promote ignition or even explosion when encountering concentrated oxygen In trace amounts however these hydrocarbon molecules pose an insignificant threat The ACCUMULATION of these trace hydrocarbons in orifices along the air path do cause potential problems OVER THE COURSE OF TIME Reducing this potential seems to be a matter of effective Education on purification processes installation of the Correct Equipment careful monitoring of the results constant Testing of the effectiveness and meticulous Maintenance of the apparatus The value of each of these subjects should not be under
7. estimated Lets start with your education An elementary beginning to the purification process might read like this The removal of contaminants from a compressed air or gas boils down to 8 means of squeezing it through a series of holes which are smaller than the selective contaminant There are many approaches and levels of effectiveness to this end Among them are coalescing micronic filtration and the heart of the process which is Adsorption A Coalescing Is a mechanical means of separating heavy fluid droplets from the compressed air stream Usually a porous barrier is placed in the flow path where it can abruptly and turbulently change the air pattern This causes the heavier particles to be thrown out and impinge into the barrier Effectively this could remove 98 of the liquid substances including Condensable hydrocarbons Coalescing is always the first stage of purifying air from an oil lubricated compressor B Micronic Filtration It deals with the removal of particulate matter from the air stream These particles originate from many sources including dusting from the filter media themselves The objection to the passing of these contaminants is obviously more mechanical in nature than for health reasons Guarding your air quality is accomplished by sifting it through Micronic Barriers placed throughout a well balanced system C Adsorption It solves the balance of the contamination factor which only re
8. g operation Since this approach is heavily dependent on meticulous maintenance and constant monitoring a critical human error factor enters the picture Reducing the chance of mishap could be improved by adding electronic alarms to the system Some other suggestions include a program of system breakdown and cleansing enrollment in an air quality analysis program with an accredited lab and installation of proper equipment One of the loudest warnings heard even though it seems counter economy is DO NOT ROTATE CARTRIDGES The explanation is that while the adsorbents effectively trap hydrocarbons they do have a higher affinity for other substances So if a partially contaminated cartridge is moved to a position further ahead in the air stream it stands to become overloaded and release hydrocarbons back into the airstream in favor of some other substance Uh Oh This subject is much broader than my space allotment here For details and advice on installing a Zero Air system I suggest contacting a professional organization who is involved in compressed gas purification Several exist but I know that Lawrence Factor offers a complimentary Tech Line and has an eager staff willing to answer your questions Contact them at 305 430 0550 or 4740 NW 157th Street Miami Lakes FL33014 Michael Casey II is an independent technical representative who has been active in the filed of compressed gas filtration His expertise comes from
9. histicated dispensing equipment as well as stringent quality controls Without this knowledge and equipment the media stands to become tainted with outside contaminants long before it ever reaches the purification system This is a good reason Any amount more than zero has the potential to accumulate over time into a literal ticking bomb to stick with professionally made and packaged cartridges And when it comes to hydrocarbon free air it s an especially good reason to stick with professionally made cartridges The first requisite in installing a Zero Air system is to measure the average air quality produced by your existing compressor This can be accomplished with the help of a competent lab Again the guys at Lawrence Factor have been instrumental in helping on this level since they maintain one of the most sophisticated labs of this nature in the country Experience has proven that an astounding 95 of all breathing air contains some level of volatile hydrocarbons and oil droplets And remember any amount more than zero has the potential to accumulate over time into a literal ticking bomb These levels will show up in your air analysis Given that these conditions remain consistent with some assurance and based on these results a second stage Zero Air filter system is installed on a dedicated branch of your airline This is the point at which you tap off a supply of hydrocarbon free air for use in your blendin
10. nection Freestanding Chassis Spanner Wrench OxyLube Non hydrocarbon Grease Seal Kit Specialty Valves Leak X Leak finding Aerosol Viton O rings OCA Air Analysis by X zam Labs X pendable Polishing Cartridges X tractor Particle and Micron Filters Capacities are calculated for gas at CGA level E and entering the Appliance at 80 F and 5000 PSI Capacities can be affected by temperature pressure and gas flow Check Valve Carry Handle HF 962 134 Portable Max CFM 6 governed Max Capacity 7000 CF Dims 11 W x 32 Hx 6 D Optional High impact Carry Case Inlet with option of SCBA or SCUBA Stem Adapter 1 Polishing Cartridge in housing Check Valve Priority Valve Flow Governor amp Check Valve Discharge Manifold with 2 Micron Filters HF 961 111 Max CFM 9 governed Max Capacity 18 000 CF Dims 11 Wx 38 Hx 5 Check Valve Check Valve Priority Valve al Flow Governor 8 Check Valve Discharge Manifold with 2 Micron Filters 2 Polishing Cartridges in housings HF 961 131 Max CFM 12 governed Max Capacity 40 000 CF Dims 18 W x 38 Hx 5 D Check Valve Check Valve Priority Valve B Flow Governor amp Check Valve Discharge Manifold with 2 Micron Filters HF 961 114 Max CFM 22 governed Max
11. ogen oxygen mixtures as a divers breathing gas Designed as a simplified version of how to use and handle nitrox N2 02 this manual includes physics physiology and pathophysiology of nitrox use oxygen safety analysis of nitrox mixtures operational implications decompression tables for nitrox mixtures and training for mixers users 30 00 Introduction to Nitrox Diving by Dick Rutkowski This manual is intended to introduce divers to oxygen enriched air It covers the history users pros and cons of its use and the myths and misconceptions of nitrox A welcome addition to every divers library 20 00 I Ot Sot w Phone Call toll free 800 451 1113 Use MasterCard or Visa Fax Your order to 305 451 5765 Mail Your order to Hyperbarics International Inc 490 Caribbean Drive Key Largo FL 33037
12. presents 2 10 and yet is the most critical The adage applies 80 of the effort goes to 20 of the problem Here we get to the heart of this article ADSORBENT MEDIA You are familiar with this stuff you ve been using it for years right Charcoal Alumina and Desiccant Simple stuff right WRONG In light of the many strains qualities grades sources and specialty adsorbents available today we have to look to the experts for direction on their best usage The best source of information I have found has come from the laboratory at Lawrence Factor Inc whose ongoing research in this area is at the forefront of purification technology Their testing has proven that adsorption techniques can get quite sophisticated and that it is also possible to produce See back for more gt METICULOUS maintenance of your system are the key to success Counted among the recommended adsorbents are Molecular Sieves and Activated Carbon These are most commonly used in hydrocarbon adsorption Each as noted earlier 15 available in many grades and strains and when combined in various proportions and configurations willproduce equally various results In addition the folks at Lawrence Factor claim that they have discovered some new adsorbents along with experimental approaches to their use These products hold great promise in producing hydrocarbon free air Handling and implementation of adsorbents is an exacting science and requires sop
13. r and Inert Gases Special Filter Cartridges Ideal for included shown in housings OCA polish the air or gas to hyper pure standards Oxygen Compatible Air for specialty lab research or technical use Hyper Pure Breathing Air Specialty Lab Uses Research Grades Technical Gases Each Appliance Sanitized to O Standards not for use with oxygens however Full One year Warranty Plus Lifetime Cartridge Holder Warranty Against Corrosion To Isolated Crafted of all Hyper Filter Corrosion Resistant Storage Materials Micron Filter included 2 mic nominal Optional Sub Micron and High Capacity Filter Available ian Standard Purification System works well with HF Series Appliances There is no need for a membrane system or other specialized production method To Fill Sion Oil lubricated Compressor Station may be used with HF Series Appliances HF Series 5000 PSI Appliances for Mixed Air and Inert Gases Shown are Lawrence Factor most popular models Additional models available Lawrence Factor the people known worldwide as The Air and Gas Purification X perts Our HF Series Appliances developed for polishing air and inert gases to hyper pure standards are the ideal choice for OCA technical research specialty lab or hyper pure breathing air production Excellence Lawrence Factor HF Series Appliances are crafted of highly
14. strophic in terms of ignition Even in less severe conditions the build up of contaminants might lead to future problems A properly designed oxygen compatible purification system MUST BE ABLE TO PRODUCE OXYGEN COMPATIBLE AIR FROM A FAILING COMPRESSOR At any time a compressor may malfunction causing the excessive passing of condensed hydrocarbons Without a properly designed system the production of oxygen compatible air becomes a very volatile and potentially dangerous act To some people a properly designed oxygen compatible purification system seems like overkill Nothing can be farther from the truth Purification experts consider this a necessary safety factor and is a must in a properly thought out and designed system One would never consider using a high pressure vessel or tank that was designed and built with no safety factor and most are built with a 3 1 or 4 1 safety factor Furthermore a properly designed system also needs to be set up installed maintained and operated by trained personnel Neglect any of these parameters and safety suffers For further information contact us at phone 305 430 0550 fax 305 430 0864 or e mail L factor ix netcom com OVER 600 FILTER TYPES AND STYLES INTAKE FILTERS COALESCOR ELEMENTS CHECK VALVES PRIORITY VALVES RELIEF VALVES FITTINGS PURIFICATION APPLIANCES NITROX APPLIANCES FOR OXYGEN COMPATIBLE AIR FILTER HOUSINGS COMPONENTS COMPRESSOR OILS COMPRESSOR PARTS
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