Touch Probes - Flint Machine Tools, Inc.
Contents
1. The example above is a sample program to drill two holes in a part The program XY zero position is approximately the lower left corner of part The probe stylus is a 25 diameter April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 357 Fadal User Manual N1 M6 T1 LOAD PROBE N2 GO X 5 Y1 CLEARANCE POSITION FOR POINT 1 N3 Z 1 0 H1 M64 N4 L9101 R1 1 X 5 F25 P1 MOVE TO TOUCH POINT 1 N5 ZO GO N6 X1 0 Y 5 CLEARANCE POSITION FOR POINT 2 N7 Z 1 0 N8 L9101 R1 1 Y 5 F25 P2 MOVE TO TOUCH POINT 2 N9 GO Z 1 0 N10 X5 0 Y 5 CLEARANCE POSITION FOR POINT 3 N11 Z 1 0 N12 L9101 R1 1 Y 5 F25 P3 MOVE TO TOUCH POINT 3 N13 L9101 R1 3 R2 0 CALCULATE PART ORIENTATION N14 G90 GO HO ZO N15 M6 T2 LOAD DRILL N16 G90 GO X R1 Y R2 S10000 M3 MOVE TO INTERSECTION POINT N17 G92 X0 YO SET ABSOLUTE LOCATION N18 G68 RO R3 XO YO SET ROTATION N19 Z 1 H1 M8 N20 G81 G99 Z 1 0 RO 05 F50 X1 125 Y1 125 DRILL CYCLE N21 X3 125 DRILL SECOND HOLE N22 G69 G80 laa 125 LS X R1 Y R2 Figure 15 19 CNC Movement to Corner After probing the part and establishing the rotation programming X 125 Y 125 causes the CNC to move the center of the tool to the corner of the part 358 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual Mid Point and Angle Function 4 Mid Point and Angle Coding L9101 R1 4 R2 Expected Angle Points Used P1 P2 Results R1 Logical X R2 Logical Y R52. C The R values are displayed in ascending numerical as RO R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 The negative values of R1 and R2 are used for the shift values R1 becomes the X shift and R2 becomes the Y shift Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal EXAMPLE Entering Radial Over Travel EXAMPLE Set Counter April 2003 User Manual The probe indicates the center location to be at X 001 and Y 002 after performing the calibration The compensation is entered as L9101 R1 9 R2 X 001 Y 002 After the ring gauge test R2 contains the effective radius The amount entered for compensation is computed by subtracting the effective radius from the apparent radius Ring Gauge Radius 1 500 Stylus Radius 125 Apparent Radius 1 575 Effective Radius 1 578 1 3575 1 378 003 Correction Needed The XY shift and radial correction is entered as L9101 R1 9 R2 003 X 001 Y 002 The correction is entered in the program before L9101 function 1 Is used Function 10 Set Counter Coding L9101 R1 10 P1 Increments the counter by 1 X Sets the counter starting number Points Used None Results Used With Function 7 to create IF Then statement This function is used to create an IF Then statement for program redirection The examples below use this function to perform G52 program shifts for multiple part programming N10101 SUB FOR PART MACHINING N2G1G90F250 N4X1 N5Y1 N6X0 N7YO N8M99 N109
3. DIAMETER OFFSET LENGTH OFFSET 0 TOOL SETTING OPTIONS 1 ENTER TOOL DIAMETER 2 LOCATE LENGTH 3 EXIT PRESS OPTION NUMBER Figure 15 9 Tool Setting Options Menu April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 343 Fadal User Manual If the program requires the diameter or the tool is an end mill the operator selects function 1 and enters the diameter Select function 2 to begin locating the length offset Locating Length The CNC displays the message Using the JOG Function PRESS JOG AND MOVE TO HEIGHT BLOCK OR PRESS MANUAL TO EXIT The operator then presses the JOG key and moves the tool to the desired offset position When the tool is at the desired location press the MANUAL key Locating Length Selecting function 2 causes the CNC to move the tool down in one of two ways Using the Probe 1 If a diameter is entered the X axis shifts the radius amount spins the tool backwards then locates the length 2 Specifying a zero tool diameter causes the CNC to move the Z down without shifting the X axis or spinning the tool The CNC performs the following actions for locating the length of an end mill Spindle ON reverse at 100 RPM Xaxis is shifted the radius of the tool Z axis down until initial touch Zaxis is raised 010 Spindle speed is increased to 500 RPM Z axis down until final touch Spindle off length offset is stored Zaxis returned to COLD START X axis shift position returned ST Sh Oot OD 344 Sectio
4. 1 Locate the points 2 Use fixed subroutine L9101 to perform the calculations 3 Continue the program using the R words returned by step 2 Function 1 Locates Touch Point Coding L9101 R1 1 X Y or Z moves Approach Return Feed P1 P2 or P3 define point number Result Stores Location Specified By P word R1 Logical X Touch R2 Logical Y Touch Moves to locate a touch point apply the probe correction and return to the starting position This function uses a two touch process The first touch locates the initial point the second touch is performed at a slow feed rate for best accuracy Example Coding L9101 R1 1 X1 Y1 F50 P1 Generates the following incremental motion X1 Y1 F50 G31 G1 INITIAL TOUCH X 0035 Y 0035 F10 OVER TRAVEL PROBE SWITCH X 0707 Y 0707 F10 G31 1 MOVES UNTIL NO TOUCH X 0035 Y 0035 F10 MOVES OFF 005 MORE X 0707 Y 0707 F 5 G31 P1 FINAL TOUCH Section 15 Touch Probes 353 Fadal User Manual The following program uses function 1 to locate the 3 points of a circle instead of G31 as in the previous example Y 90 POINT 4 X 225 315 POINT 2 POINT 3 Figure 15 13 Point Location with Function 1 N1 M6T1 LOAD THE PROBE N2 GO G90 X0 YO POSITION TO APPROX CENTER X 1 Y 1 F50 G1 RETURN TO START POSITION N3 Z 25 H1 M64 MOVE 25 BELOW TOP OF PART N4 L9101 R1 1 P1 F25 Y1 8 FIRST POINT N5 L9101 R1 1 P2 F25 X 1 273 Y 1 273 APPROACH AT 225 DEGREES N6
5. L9101 R1 1 P3 F25 X 1 273 Y 1 273 APPROACH AT 315 DEGREES Compute Center and Function 2 Compute Center Location and Radius Radius Coding L9101 R1 2 Points Used P1 P2 P3 Results R1 Logical X R2 Logical Y R3 Radius This function computes the center location and radius relative to the three touch points The X center position is returned in R1 the Y center position returned in R2 and the radius returned in R3 This function may be used with the ID or OD of a circle The following is a sample program to locate a center 354 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual and perform a drilling operation at the center of the circle using the ID of the circle P1 P3 P2 Figure 15 14 Circle Center Location N1M6T1 LOAD PROBE N2 GO G90 X6 YO POSITION TO CENTER N3 Z 25 H1 M64 POSITION Z N4 L9101 R1 1 X5 Y1 F25 P1 LOCATE POINT 1 N5 L9101 R1 1 X5 Y 1 F25 P2 LOCATE POINT 2 N6 L9101 R1 1 X7 Y 1 F25 P3 LOCATE POINT 3 N7 L9101 R1 2 COMPUTE CENTER N8 M6 T2 LOAD DRILL N9 GO X R1 Y R2 POSITION TO CENTER N10 H2Z 1 BEGIN DRILLING OPERATION N11 G1 F10 Z 2 0 Section 15 Touch Probes 355 April 2003 Fadal User Manual Part Orientation Function 3 Part Orientation Coding L9101 R1 3 R2 Expected Angle from P2 to P3 Points Used P1 P2 P3 Results R1 Logical X R2 Logical Y R5 Angular Error Figure 15 15 Intersection Point amp A
6. Manual Note After performing a G31 touch before another G31 is programmed the probe must be moved off the part as in N5 and N7 above L9101 Probe The L9101 fixed subroutine has 10 probe functions available Functions vy LOCATE TOUCH POINT CENTER LOCATION AND RADIUS PART ORIENTATION MID POINT AND ANGLE ZDATUM LOCATION O Oo A WN N TOOL BREAKAGE DETECTION TOUCH POSITION CHECK COMPUTE DIAMETER 9 SET PROBE CALIBRATION 10 SET TOUCH POINT oOo N The code L9101 is used to call a probe function the R word R1 selects the specific function For example L9101 R1 2 Selects function 2 CENTER LOCATION AND RADIUS Upon completion of the L9101 the R words R1 R3 contain the results The R words can then be used as indirect references throughout the remainder of the program The touch points are retained in memory until power is removed thus making it possible to do a mid program start after the points have been located As in circular motion the G17 G18 and G19 modes determine the output of the L9101 subroutine G17 XY G18 ZX and G19 YZ For example use function 2 to compute the center location of 3 points The logical X is returned in R1 When G18 is in effect R1 contains the physical Z center location 352 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Locate Touch Point EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual The probing process is designed to be used as a three step process
7. V1 AX MO X1 GO M99 P1 The macro statement states Make the V1 variable equal to the current X axis location AX To see this value in memory use the DV command from the command mode The current location will be stored in the V1 variable location on the screen These examples can all be used for the other axes and they could all be used in absolute as well 2 This example will demonstrate how to use a macro statement to determine the center point of the part Start by placing a 1 2 3 block in a vice hold the block with the three inch sides in the jaws Jog the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of the block The end of the stylus should be approximately 25 below the top of the block EXAMPLE G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 X1 G31 1 F5 572 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal April 2003 EXAMPLE X 3 G31 V1 AX Z1 GO X 4 Z 1 F50 X3 G31 X 3 G31 1 F5 X3 G31 V2 AX V3 V1 V2 2 Z1 GO X4 Z 1 MO M99 P1 User Manual The V1 variable represents the right side touch the V2 variable represents the left side touch point The V3 variable represents the mid point of the block This mid point will be relative to the SETX position View the V3 value in the variable table by using the DV command in the command mode 3 This example will demonstrate the ability to alter or establish a fixture offset using the probe and a macro statement Start by placing a 1 2 3 block i
8. a G31 P1 with a move that doesn t touch the tool setting probe causes the CNC to store a value to signify a touch was not made See USING THE TOUCH PROBE TOOL BREAKAGE DETECTION previously described Touch Check Function 7 Touch Check Position Check Position Check Coding Touch Check L9101 R1 7 R2 False R3 True Position Check L9101 R1 7 R2 False R3 True R4 Approach Direction X Y Z Aor B Points Used P1 Results R2 True or False 362 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual The following diagram describes this function DID Pl TOUCH YES IS THERE A DIMENSION WORD PRESENT R2 TRUE R2 FALSE NUMBER NUMBER CONTINUE PROGRAM Figure 15 25 Touch Check Position Check An X Y Z A or B dimension word included with the L9101 block is used for the position check Motion will not occur the CNC uses the axis word only for the position check The R4 indicates approach direction R4 1 Positive R4 1 Negative EXAMPLE 19101 R1 7 R2 10 R3 20 R4 1 Y 2 5 1 Approaching negative with a touch at Y 3 0 returns R2 with a value of 20 2 Approaching negative with a touch at Y 1 0 returns R2 with a value of 10 April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 363 Fadal 564 True or False Comparison User Manual Function 7 Continued Coding Touch Check L9101 R1 7 R2 False R3 True
9. error varies with the length of the stylus For example an over travel error of approximately 0012 occurs with a 2 stylus length The error increases to 0043 with a 7 stylus length Applying over travel correction improves the 2 stylus error to 0004 and the 7 stylus error to 0012 Section 15 Touch Probes 365 Fadal User Manual 366 MP8 Probe Calibration Entering XY Shift Values When locating the center of a circle the over travel of the probe doesn t change the computed center location The radius of the circle appears larger when inside a hole and smaller when outside a boss 1 Mount an inspection ring on the table 2 Set the XY home position at the center of the ring 3 Install the probe and run the following program N1 M64 G1 G90 Z MOVE Z INSIDE RING N2 L9101 R1 1 Y5 0 F25 P1 N3 L9101 R1 1 X 4 33 Y 2 5 F25 P2 TOUCH 120 DEG APART N4 L9101 R1 1 X 4 55 Y 2 5 F25 P3 N5 L9101 R1 2 COMPUTE CENTER 4 Enter the command SUM Function 9 Continued Coding L9101 R1 9 R2 Radial Over Travel X Y or Z Shift Amount Points Used None Results Used With Function 1 After entering the SUM command the CNC displays the point data R words points used and the probe correction setting as follows P1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R WORDS RO R9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 POINTS USED X Y The point values are displayed in the axis order of P1 X Y Z U V W A B
10. how the G31 code stops motion and allows the control to move to the next line in the program The move on the line with the G31 or the G31 1 is usually a move that is beyond the desired touch point G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 3 G31 MO Look at the X axis position at this point X1 GO M99 P1 Start by jogging the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of a solid object The end of the stylus should be below the top of the solid object 2 This example will demonstrate the effect of feed rate on over travel after the probe indicates to the control that a touch has been made Section 15 Touch Probes 369 Fadal User Manual EXAMPLE G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 MO X1 GO M99 P1 Start by jogging the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of a solid object The position display will present the current X axis location Press the START button to run this routine each time the position is displayed Notice that the location changes over several times it is run Next change the feed rate on line one Make it faster then try it at slower feed rates The position should repeat more consistently at the slower feed rates The faster the feed rate the further the machine will over travel at the touch point 3 This example will demonstrate a two touch method of finding a point on an edge EXAMPLE G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 X 05 F1 X 5 G31 MO X1 G0 M99 P1 Start by jogging the probe to approximately one i
11. used with table or spindle probes See also G31 1 The motion can be defined in absolute or incremental terms The positions can be stored with a P word a macro V variable and output through the RS232 port All G31 moves must be G1 linear moves No GO G2 or G3 moves are allowed e Rotation can be in effect when the G31 is used e CRC should not be in effect when G31 is used e Mirrored axes should be canceled before using the G31 code e Fixed cycles need to be canceled before using the probe Note Program a move that would normally be excessive For example if a One inch move is required to get the probe up to a wall use a two inch move in the program The probe will stop the motion and whatever motion is remaining for that line will be discarded and the control will continue execution of the program at the next line Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Storing Probed April 2003 Positions EXAMPLE User Manual Expect some over travel if the feed rate used with the move is high and also if the stylus in the probe is long A method for accuracy would be to use the G31 and the G31 1 codes together Use the G31 at a high feed rate to get up to the wall With the high feed rate the stylus is angled and over the edge because of the time required to read the probe and stop the motion Then reverse the motion to move away from the wall with the G31 1 code in the line Do this at a slow feed rate At F1 the motio
12. 110 IF THEN PROGRAM REDIRECTION EXAMPLE N2L100 SUB TO SHIFT THEN MOVE N3G52X R8Y R7 LOCAL COORDINATE SYSTEM N4M98P101 INPUT SUB PROGRAM NUMBER N5M17 N6M30 N7R9 OR8 OR7 0 ASSIGN R VARIABLES N8L101 Section 15 Touch Probes 367 Fadal Set Touch Point 368 User Manual N9G91G10L109P1 INCREMENT X COUNT BY 1 N10G90 N11G91G10L108P2 INCREMENT X STEP BY 2 N12G90 N135L9101R1 10 X R9P1 SETS THE X VALUE TO COUNT N14L9101R1 7 X3 R2 24 R35 16 R4 1 IF COUNT IS X OR HIGHER N15M99P R2 GOTO R3 ELSE GOTO R2 N16G91G10L107P 2 INCREMENT Y STEP BY 2 N17G90 N18L9101R1 10 Y R7P1 SETS THE Y VALUE TO COUNT N19L9101R1 7 Y 5 R2 21 R35 25 R4 1 IF COUNT IS Y OR HIGHER N20M99P R2 GOTO R2 ELSE GOTO R3 N21R8 0 ASSIGN VARIABLES N22G52X0Y R7 MOVE TO XO Y R7 VALUE N23R9 0 ASSIGN R VARIABLE N24M99P8 GOTO LINE 8 N25M5M9 N26M2 Function 10 Set Touch Point Coding L9101 R1 10 X Y Z P X Y AND Z Location of point Points Used None Results The P word identified by the X Y and Z location is used with other L9101 functions This function may be used to identify the centers of two bores and calculate the center and angle between them The example below locates the center of two bores and calculates the center and angle between them N1 M6 T1 LOAD PROBE N2 GO G90 X6 YO POSITION TO CENTER OF THE FIRST BORE N3 Z 25 H1 M64 POSITION Z N4 L9101 R1 1 X6 Y1 F25 P1 LOCATE POINT 1 N5 L9101 R1 1 X4 Y 1
13. Angular Error Figure 15 20 Mid Point and Angle This function computes the location of the point between P1 and P2 and the angular correction needed for program rotation The angular error is determined the same as function 3 PART ORIENTATION previously described The following are two examples using this function ee O p2 O p Figure 15 21 Part with Unknown Rotation April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 359 Fadal User Manual The example above shows a part having an unknown rotation After using this function the R3 contains the angular correction needed for rotation UNKNOWN S D 2 P1 P2 1 2 Figure 15 22 Part with Unknown Width The example above shows a part having an unknown width After using this function the R1 contains the location of the midpoint Z Datum Location Function 5 Z Datum Location Coding L9101 R1 5 Optional Z Modifier Points Used P1 Results R1 Distance From Length Offset Position To Z Datum PROBE STYLUS KNOWN UNKNOWN PART FIXTURE Figure 15 23 Z Datum Location 360 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal April 2003 User Manual This function is used to calculate the distance between an unknown surface and the gauge point Tool Length Offset Position The procedure is as follows 1 Setup A length offset is set for the probe as a normal tool 2 Program
14. ER 7 Figure 15 3 Starting Tool Number Prompt Respond by entering the last tool number to be set 340 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual The following menu appears after the starting and ending tool numbers are defined TOOL SETTING OPTIONS 1 JOG TO POSITION 2 PROBE LEFT MOUNT 3 PROBE RIGHT MOUNT 4 EXIT PRESS OPTION NUMBER Figure 15 4 Tool Setting Options Menu Option 1 Jog to This option is used for locating the tool length offset by using the JOG function Position ofthe CNC The CNC prompts the operator to press the JOG key and manually move to the gauge point instead of the automatic process using the probe Option 2 amp 3 Probe The CNC allows for two probe mounting positions The left or right orientation is Mount defined as standing in front of the machine looking Y direction LEFT RIGHT MOUNT MOUNT S E O Y Figure 15 5 Probe Mounting Positions Selecting left or right mount determines the X axis shift direction when locating the tool length of an end mill The left mount probe shifts the X axis in the positive direction before moving Z down The right mount shifts the X axis in the negative direction before moving Z down April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 541 Fadal User Manual Probe Fixture Offset Once the probe is installed a fixture offset can be dedicated to tool setting The Number 0 1 48 X and Y fixture offset valu
15. F25 P2 LOCATE POINT 2 N6 L9101 R1 1 X8 Y 1 F25 P3 LOCATE POINT 3 N7 L9101 R1 2 COMPUTE CENTER OF THE FIRST BORE N8 R9 R1 R8 R2 RENAME THE LOCATION N9 GO G90 X10 YO POSITION TO CENTER OF THE SECOND BORE N10 L9101 R1 1 X10 Y1 F25 P1 LOCATE POINT 1 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Probe Tutorial Examples in Format April 2003 2 EXAMPLE User Manual N11 L9101 R1 1 X8 Y 1 F25 P2 LOCATE POINT 2 N12 L9101 R1 1 X12 Y 1 F25 P3 LOCATE POINT 3 N13 L9101 R1 2 COMPUTE CENTER OF THE SECOND BORE N14 R7 R1 R6 R2 RENAME THE LOCATION N15 L9101 R1 10 X R7 Y R6 P2 SET THE CENTER OF THE SECOND BORE TO POINT 2 N16 L9101 R1 10 X R9 Y R8 P1 SET THE CENTER OF THE FIRST BORE TO POINT 1 N17 L9101 R1 4 R2 0 COMPUTE CENTER AND ANGLE OF THE TWO BORES N18 G90 G10 L2 P1 X R1 Y R2 SET THE CENTER OF THE BORES AS FIXTURE OFFSET 1 N19 GO G90 E1 X0 YO MOVE TO FIXTURE 1 ZERO N20 G68 X0 YO RO R3 SET ROTATION WITH THE ANGLE OF THE BORES Always test the probe to determine if it is functioning properly by typing the M64 M66 code in MDI Then go into jog touch the stylus and look for the touch no touch message The stylus should run true when the probe is rotated by hand Place an indicator in a magnetic base and put the indicator tip on the end of the stylus Rotate the probe head by hand and observe the run out Use the adjustment screws to get the stylus to run true 1 This example will demonstrate
16. Fadal User Manual Section 15 Touch Probes Touch Probes Touch Probe The tool setting probe is used with the UTILITY command to establish the Length Offset length offset It can also be used for tool breakage detection and setting tool diameter offsets The UTILITY command is used to set diameter and locate the length offset Enter the command UT and the following menu appears UTILITY OPTIONS TOOL SETTING CYCLE FIXTURE OFFSET SETTING TEST TS 20 PROBE TEST MP PROBE CLOCKS EXIT 1 2 3 4 5 PALLET CHANGER 6 7 ENTER OPTION NUMBER Figure 15 1 Utility Options Menu Tool Setting Cycle The utility command provides two basic functions to aid in the setup procedure The first function steps the operator through the process of retrieving tools from the turret entering the diameters and locating the length offsets April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 339 Fadal User Manual After selecting this cycle the CNC displays the following menu TOOL SETTING CYCLE TOOL NUMBER 1 DIAMETER OFFSET 0 3750 LENGTH OFFSET 0 ENTER STARTING TOOL NUMBER Figure 15 2 Tool Setting Cycle Menu The information regarding the current tool in the spindle is displayed and the CNC prompts the user for the starting tool number After entering the first tool number the CNC responds with the message TOOL SETTING CYCLE TOOL NUMBER 1 DIAMETER OFFSET 0 3750 LENGTH OFFSET 0 ENTER STARTING TOOL NUMBER 3 ENTER ENDING TOOL NUMB
17. Position Check L9101 R1 7 R2 False R3 True R4 Approach Direction X Y Z A or B Points Used P1 Results R2 True or False Using the True False response to redirect the program allows for numerous capabilities The following is an example how the program operation changes according to the touch position m END TOUCH POINT AFTER 5 P A SANS POSITIVE APPROACH DIRECTION Y 5 0 m FINISH TOUCH POINT AFTER 5 Y 5 0 y PE tee E O POSITIVE APPROACH DIRECTION X Figure 15 26 True False Comparison N1M6T1 LOAD PROBE N2 GO G90 X0 YO POSITION XY N3 Z 1 0 H2 M64 POSITION Z SELECT MP8 N4 G1 G31 Y10 F25 P1 MOVE TO TOUCH N5 L9101 Y5 0 R1 7 R2 8 R3 11 R4 1 COMPARE POSITION N6 M6 T2 LOAD TOOL N7 M99 P R2 AT or PAST N11 BEFORE N8 G10 L12 P2 RO 55 SET DIAMETER FOR ROUGHING N9 F25 0 SET ROUGHING FEED RATE N10 M98 P1 CALL SUB TO MACHINE PART N11 G10 L12 P2 RO 5 SET DIAMETER FOR FINISHING N12 F50 0 SET FINISH FEED RATE N13 M98 P1 CALL SUB TO MACHINE PART Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Calculate Diameter Set Calibration XY Shift Error Radial Over Travel April 2003 User Manual This example finds a touch point and begins the finishing operation at N11 when the Y touch position is AT or PAST the Y 5 otherwise the roughing Operation is performed Function 8 Calculate Diamete
18. e is the location of the center of the tool setter stylus relative to the HOME position OP i HOME Figure 15 6 Probe Fixture Offset Number Respond with 0 to ignore this feature or enter the fixture offset number Probe Offsets Z Fixture Offsets GAGE POINT Z AMOUNT ye Z OFFSET Figure 15 7 Z Fixture Offsets 342 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual After selecting a fixture offset the CNC displays the current X Y and Z values and prompts the user with the following message X 0 Y 0 Z 0 FIXTURE OFFSET 3 x 0 Y 0 z 0 THE Z FIXTURE OFFSET IS USED IN CALCULATING THE LENGTH OFFSET DO YOU WANT TO SET THE GUAGE POINT TO PROBE Z OFFSET PRESS THE Y OR N KEY Figure 15 8 Z Fixture Offset Message Respond by pressing the Y key and begin the process of establishing the Z fixture offset Then press the N key and the CNC continues the setup procedure using the current Z value When a fixture offset is selected the Z fixture offset value is subtracted from the current touch position when determining the length offset A positive value increases and a negative value shortens the length offset After selecting a fixture offset the CNC moves X and Y axes to the fixture offset loads the first tool and begins the tool setting process by displaying the following menu TOOL NUMBER 3 0 3750
19. ft Figure Above N2 moves the tool 100 below the top of the probe Right Figure Above and selects the Touch probe N3 moves the tool to the center of the probe Because the block contains the G31 code the CNC stops moving as soon as the tool touches the probe The P word used in combination with the G31 causes the CNC to store the touch location N4 verifies the previous point P1 has been interrupted by the probe A broken tool causes the move to go to completion without a touch and abort the operation See PROBE L9101 FUNCTIONS in this section 546 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Touch Probe Tool Diameter Offset April 2003 EXAMPLE User Manual The tool diameter offset is achieved by a two step process as follows 1 The CNC is programmed to touch the probe at two points 2 The L9101 R1 8 code is used to perform the calculation After the length offset has been located the following program is used to establish the diameter of a 1 2 end mill N1 GO G90 S500 M4 E24 XO Y 5 200 25 05 N2 H1 Z 1 M65 N3 G1 G31 YO F5 P1 N4 G0 Z 1 N5 Y 5 N6 Z 1 N7 G1 G31 YO P2 N8 L9101 R1 8 R2 4 D1 N1 The E24 shifts the XY zero to the center and the Z zero to the top of the stylus The XO moves to the center of the stylus The Y 5 moves to a clearance position calculated as follows 1 2 the width of the stylus 200 1 2 the approximate tool diameter 250 Clearance 050 N2 moves the
20. ming The probe is moved to the gauge point using the H word The Z touch for P1 is found using G31 or function 1 of L9101 Function 5 is used to calculate the distance The R1 is referenced as the distance to the surface aoo0gm The following example shows how to locate the top surface and remove 010 N1M6T1 LOAD PROBE N2H1M64 MOVE TO OFFSET SELECT MP8 PROBE N3 G1 G31 F25 Z 30 P1 LOCATE P1 N4 L9101 R1 5 Z 010 CALCULATE ADD 01 N5 M6 T2 LOAD END MILL N6 M3 S10000 SPINDLE ON N7Z R1H2 POSITION Z N8 G1 F100 X10 MACHINE 010 OFF TOP Block 7 above positions the Z axis 01 below the touch position Another method available is to use the G92 preset code as follows N6 M3 S10000 SPINDLE ON N7 H2 POSITION Z N8 G92 Z R1 PRESET ABS Z LOCATION N9 ZO N10 G1 F100 X10 MACHINE 010 OFF TOP Using the G92 code allows the absolute Z location to be relative to the touch position for the remainder of the program When machining multiple parts the Z datum can be stored as a fixture offset using G10 L02 Z R1 P Section 15 Touch Probes 361 Fadal User Manual Tool Breakage Function 6 Tool Breakage Detection Detection Coding L9101 R1 6 Points Used P1 Results A No Touch Causes The CNC Program To Stop CONTACT NO CONTACT Figure 15 24 Tool Breakage Detection This function is used to check if P1 had a successful Y or Z touch position stored A block containing
21. n 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual After locating the length by either the JOG or PROBE method the CNC automatically performs a tool change to get the next tool and displays the following menu TOOL NUMBER 1 DIAMETER OFFSET 0 3750 LENGTH OFFSET 0 TOOL SETTING OPTIONS 1 ENTER TOOL DIAMETER 2 LOCATE LENGTH 3 EXIT PRESS OPTION NUMBER Figure 15 10 Tool Setting Options Menu The process is repeated until the last tool has been set Tool Breakage Tool breakage detection is achieved by a two step process as follows Detection 1 The CNC is programmed to touch the probe The tool touch is programmed as a normal program operation except using the G31 P1 code The G31 is used to stop probe motion When coded with axis motion the motion terminates with the probe touch 2 The L9101 R1 6 code is used to perform the touch check After performing the touch check the CNC aborts the program if the tool did not touch otherwise the program continues EXAMPLE Breakage detection for a 25 diameter drill N1 GO G90 E24 XO Y 5 N2 H2 Z 1 M65 N3 G1 G31 YO F25 P1 N4 L9101 R1 6 April 2003 Section 15 Touch Probes 345 Fadal User Manual l X0 YO E24 ne e Z X Fi ZA wes 100 T l y CLEARANCE POSITION VIEW Y Figure 15 11 Clearance Position amp Touch Probe Selection N1 moves X and Y to the clearance position Le
22. n a vice Hold the block with the three inch sides in the jaws Jog the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of the block The end of the stylus should be approximately 25 below the top of the block G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 X1 G31 1 F5 X 5 G31 V1 AX Z1 GO X 4 Z 1 F50 X5 G31 Section 15 Touch Probes 575 Fadal 374 User Manual V2 AX V35 V1 V2 2 FX1 V3 Z1 GO X4 Z 1 MO M99 P1 The V1 variable represents the right side touch the V2 variable represents the left side touch point The V3 variable represents the mid point of the block This mid point will be relative to the SETX position The FX1 macro statement is used to enter the value of V3 which is the mid point position into the X value of fixture offset 1 Use the DF command and the DV command to compare the values in the fixture table and the variable table Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal Fixed Subroutines Examples in Format April 2003 2 EXAMPLE User Manual Always test the probe to determine if it is functioning properly by typing the M64 M66 code in MDI Then go into jog touch the stylus and look for the touch no touch message The stylus should run true when the probe is rotated by hand Place an indicator in a magnetic base and put the indicator tip on the end of the stylus Rotate the probe head by hand and observe the run out Use the adjustment screws to get the stylus to run t
23. n is slow enough that it will usually stop within one tenth The G31 1 will stop motion when the probe is not touching This means that the stylus will be perpendicular to the table and directly at the edge of the wall when the probe is not touching If the stylus is not running true or a chip is in the spindle the probe will not give a true position reading For consistency use an M19 to orient and lock the spindle at the same position each time the probe inserted in the spindle If an operator is to place the probe in the spindle by hand orient the spindle prior to inserting it in the spindle Sometimes the stylus will work itself loose confirm that it is tightly screwed in before using the probe Saving positions through the RS 232 port 1 Any software designed to save data from the port will be sufficient to retain the data 2 When a touch is made the motion will stop and the current position wlll be outputted through the port G1 G31 X1 F50 This line sends just the X axis location to the port G1 G31 X2 Y5 F50 This line sends the X and Y locations to the port G1 G31 X3 Y 4 Z 2 F50 This line sends the X Y and Z locations to the port 3 Macro SPRINT statements can be used just before the probe line to identify the information being saved SPRINT PROBE TOUCH 1 G1 X1 Y1 G31 Saving Positions to P Words Section 15 Touch Probes 349 Fadal 350 EXAMPLE G31 1 Probe No Touch Function Using G31 U
24. nch to the right side of a solid object The end of the stylus should be below the top of the solid object The first touch is at a high feed rate and is only used to get the stylus in the general area of the edge Then the stylus moves away and the second approach is used to get a good point From the second example it was demonstrated that the slower feed rate results in a more consistent touch position 4 This example will demonstrate the use of the G31 1 code The G31 code will stop motion when the probe switch is opened The G31 1 code will stop motion when the probe switch is closed The G31 1 code is used just after a G31 code is used The probe switch is opened when the stylus touches an edge and the motion continues to cause the stylus to open the switch At this point the stylus should be at an angle It should be mentioned 370 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal EXAMPLE EXAMPLE Using the Probe with Macro Statements Examples in Format 2 User Manual that the longer the stylus the more over travel will be required to open the switch Motion in the opposite direction can now be stopped with a G31 1 code When the stylus is vertical the probe switch is now closed and the motion will stop because of the G31 1 code G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 F10 X1 G31 1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 Try to vary the second feed rate Again observe the X axis position The slower feed rate will result in a more con
25. nction requires four items 1 The RO variable to select the function 2 The move to the point 5 4 The approach feed rate The desired P variable In the example above only the X axis will be stored because it is the only axis move in the L9101 line Compare this method of picking up and storing a touch point to the methods discussed previously in this section Each method will store the points needed selecting one method over the other is a matter of programmer s preference Note that one disadvantage of using the L9101 fixed subroutine is that it must be written in absolute terms Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal April 2003 EXAMPLE User Manual G90 G1 M64 M66 L9101 RO 1 X 3 Y 5 F25 P1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 In the example above the X and Y axis positions will be stored because they are the axes in motion in the L9101 line Section 15 Touch Probes 377 Fadal User Manual This page intentionally left blank 378 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003
26. ngular Correction This function computes the location of the intersection point and angular correction needed for program rotation The computed intersection point assumes P1 has a 90 degree relationship to the line created from P2 to P3 90 0 OP3 Gr irs P2 P3 O P2 PO an O O P3Q 180 p3 P2 270 J Figure 15 16 Expected Angle Changes The expected angle is related to the touch surface The examples above illustrate how the expected angle changes depending upon how P2 and P3 touch the part 556 Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal User Manual The angle is coded in decimal degrees O degrees starts at the X direction and increases in the counterclockwise direction PROGRAMMED ANGLE 90 125 ACTUAL ANGLE Pa P3 i 4 G C Ps Zz Z AN Figure 15 17 Programmed Angle P2 to P3 The angular error returned in R3 is the result of subtracting the expected angle from the probed angle P2 to P3 This angle R3 becomes the angular correction needed for program coordinate rotation G68 The sample above shows the programmed angle from P2 to P3 to be 90 degrees The angle necessary for program rotation would then be 35 degrees if the actual angle is 125 degrees 10 F 20m 1 0 P1 ps a a P2 i Figure 15 18 Sample Program to Drill Two Holes in a Part
27. r Coding L9101 R1 8 R2 Stylus Width D Offset Number Optional Points Used Y of P1 and Y of P2 Results R1 Tool Diameter Radius Logical X of P1 Tool Diameter Radius This function performs the diameter radius calculation The value returned depends on the selection made using the SETP command When the machine is in the DIAMETER mode the result is diameter otherwise radius is returned Specifying a D word in the block with L9101 causes the CNC to store the value in the tool offset table The X of P1 contains the result of the calculation This enables function 7 to perform a Position Check See USING THE TOUCH PROBE TOOL DIAMETER OFFSET previously described Function 9 Set Probe Calibration Coding L9101 R1 9 R2 Radial Over travel X Y or Z Shift Amount Points Used None Results Used With Function 1 This function establishes the probe compensation The L9101 Function 1 uses these values when present for error correction In most cases this function is not needed because most tolerances are greater than the probe errors The shift error is the difference between the center of the spindle and the center of the probe The probe has an adjustment to align the centers The CNC XY shift capability allows another method to compensate for the error Before the probe indicates a touch the stylus must touch the surface and open the contacts inside the probe This causes a slight over travel error This probe
28. rue The control has fixed subroutines specially designed to work with the probe This section will discuss the use of these routines 1 Each subroutine requires that the positions used in the calculations are stored in P variables There are two methods to pick up and store P values Method 1 The P1 P2 or P3 variables will store the values of the moving axes in the line with the G31 or G31 1 codes G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 3 G31 P1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 The P1 on the line with the G31 will store the X value of the touch point G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 3 G51 1 P1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 The P1 on the line with the G31 1 will store the X value of the touch point G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 Z 5 G31 P1 MO X1 G0 M99 P1 The P1 on the line with the G31 will store the Z value of the touch point Section 15 Touch Probes 375 Fadal 376 EXAMPLE User Manual G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 3 Y 5 G51 P1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 The P1 on the line with the G31 will store the X and Y axis values Method 2 Use the L9101 subroutine function 1 to move and store the point Note that the program must be written in absolute terms When using the example use the SETX command to set the X axis home approximately one inch to the right of the object to touch G90 G1 M64 M66 L9101 RO 1 X 3 F25 P1 MO X1 GO M99 P1 The function for the L9101 subroutine is selected with the RO 1 selects function 1 of the L9101 subroutine The fu
29. ser Manual 1 P1 P2 and P3 are used to save the touch positions when the fixed probe subroutines are going to be used in the program G1 X3 Y 6 G31 P1 The first touch position is saved to P1 XO YO G5 G1 X0 Y6 G31 P2 The second touch position is saved to P2 XO YO G5 G1 X 3 Y 6 G31 P3 The third touch position is saved to P3 L9101 R1 2 Use probe fixed subroutine function 2 to find center 2 P1 P2 and P3 can be used with the macro PX1 3 PY1 3 PZ1 3 PA1 3 and PB1 3 variables When a probe touch G31 or probe no touch G31 1 is used on a line with a P1 P2 or P3 each axis position is stored regardless of the axis that moved to get the touch point G90 GO X3 Y 6 Z1 H21 G1 F30 G31 Z 2 F1 ZO G31 1 P1 P1 has stored the XYZAB position at this line V1 PZ1 PRINT THE TOUCH POINT IS X PX1 Y PY1 AND Z PZ1 Saving the Position as a V Variable 1 The current position can be saved to a V variable by using a macro AX AY AZ AA or AB command G90 G1 X4 Y4 G31 F50 XO YO G31 1 F1 V1 AX This saves the X position to V1 V2 AY This saves the Y position to V2 This code causes the machine to stop motion when the probe is not touching and then execution continues at the next line in the program The G31 1 can be used with table or spindle probes This code functions exactly like the G31 code See also G31 During the probing function the CNC is programmed as normal Programming a G31 with an axis mo
30. sistent final position 5 This is a variation on the fourth example Start by jogging the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of a solid object The end of the stylus should be below the top of the solid object G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 5 G31 X1 G31 1 FS X 5 G31 MO X1 GO M99 P1 Notice the amount of time required to pick up a point with each of these methods Compare the time from examples 4 and 5 Also compare the positions picked up using each method Consistency and time should be issues to be aware of Always test the probe to determine if it is functioning properly by typing the M64 M66 code in MDI Then go into jog touch the stylus and look for the touch no touch message Section 15 Touch Probes 371 April 2003 Fadal User Manual The stylus should run true when the probe is rotated by hand Place an indicator in a magnetic base and put the indicator tip on the end of the stylus Rotate the probe head by hand and observe the run out Use the adjustment screws to get the stylus to run true Macro statements can be used to make determinations from the positions picked up with the probe 1 Use the AX AY AZ AA and AB macro statement to collect and use the current axis position Start by jogging the probe to approximately one inch to the right side of a solid object The end of a stylus should be below the top of the solid object EXAMPLE G91 G1 F50 M64 M66 X 3 G51 X1 G31 1 F5 X 5 G31
31. tip of the tool 100 below the top of the stylus while spinning the tool backwards at 500 RPM N3 moves to touch point 1 N4 moves Z 100 above the stylus N5 moves to a clearance position in preparation for the next touch N6 moves Z below the top of the stylus N7 moves to touch point 2 N8 performs the diameter calculation Section 15 Touch Probes 347 Fadal General Rules to Follow MP Series Probe Locating the Points 548 G31 Probe Touch Function User Manual The stylus width is specified by R2 The D word specifies the diameter is to be stored as offset 1 in the tool table 1 Start the program by selecting the probe M64 selects the MP Series probe M65 selects the TS Series probe 2 A move with the G31 must be a linear G1 move 3 No other codes are allowed with the G31 except G1 P Point Number and feed rates 4 The Probe functions may only use three points for each calculation P1 P2 and P3 5 The probing is to be in the absolute mode G90 6 CRC Mirror Image Rotation and Drill Cycles are not allowed during the execution of the G31 code There are two procedures available to locate and store the points 1 Using the G31 P codes 2 Using function 1 of the L9101 fixed subroutine The G31 is only used in conjunction with a probe This code causes the machine to stop motion when the probe is touched and then execution continues at the next line in the program The G31 can be
32. ve causes the CNC to monitor the probe interface and stop all motion in the event of a touch The CNC stores three touch points in memory Coding a P1 P2 or P3 in the same block with the G31 designates the touch point to stored This code also sends the touch or no touch data to the RS 232 serial port Section 15 Touch Probes April 2003 Fadal April 2003 EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE User Manual G1 G31 F25 X10 P1 Moves the X axis until the probe touches or the move is completed If the Probe Touches The axis motion stops the X Y Z A B locations are stored as point 1 and the program continues If the Probe Doesn t Touch The CNC stores a value of 100E9 to signify no touch as the X location of point 1 and continues the program The following example shows how to locate three points inside a 5 diameter hole The approximate center is at XO and YO The ZO is at the top of the diameter Yi 90 POINT 1 225 315 POINT 2 POINT 3 Figure 15 12 Locating Points N1M6T1 LOAD THE PROBE N2 GO G90 X0 YO POSITION TO THE APPROX CENTER N3 Z 25 H1 M64 MOVE TIP 25 BELOW TOP OF PART N4 G1 G31 P1 F25 V1 8 FIRST POINT N5 F150 YO MOVE OFF PART AND RETURN N6 G31 P2 F25 X 1 275 Y 1 275 APPROACH AT 225 DEGREES N7 F150 XO YO MOVE OFF PART AND RETURN N8 G31 P3 F25 X 1 273 Y 1 273 APPROACH AT 315 DEGREES N9 F150 XO YO MOVE OFF PART AND RETURN Section 15 Touch Probes 351 Fadal User
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