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Open Eco Rating (V3) - Forum for the Future

1. 600 400 200 Silicon die surface in mm in integrated circuits with more than 12 connectins 0 T T T T 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 i Total silicon die surface mm Once the integrated circuit with more than 12 pins simplification was done the results were inputted in Statgraphics Centurion once again The following figure shows the linear changes for GWP with silicon surface Silicon Surface mm 30 NO Oo NO O a sd GWP 100 years kg eq CO So Oo Mainstream High end with High end with High end with High end with default value 4 GB Flash 8 GB Flash 16 GB Flash 32 GB Flash 7 39 kg eq CO default value default value default value default value 13 86 kg eCO 14 78 kg eCO 20 01 kg eCO 25 64 kg eCO O Entry level Mainstream E High end mobile phones mobile phones mobile phones For this linear regression the coefficient of determination R is equal to 0 9991 which is a very good result Further statistical tests were also carried out with Statgraphics Centurion such as Fisher Snedecor test p value 0 9951 or Durbin Watson statistic d value 1 57618 in order to be sure there were no statistical issues such as autocorrelation Page 69 BG forum for www forumforthefuture org the future The 2010 study linear regression formula is displayed below CO2zcomponents Ssi 0 0137 x Ssi 0 3368 Where CO2components GHG
2. Is screen one i e main screen a touchscreen Yes What is the active area of screen two0 in cm 13 5 O Is screen two a touchscreen What is the area of silicon in the integrated circuits with more than 12 20 0001 pins balls in cm Silicon area in stacked flip chip wafer level CSP system in package package on package and multi chip integrated circuits should be included What is the NAND flash memory capacity of the device in Gb Is there a main Printed Wiring Board PWB or Printed Circuit Board Yes PCB in the device What is the external area of the main PWB or PCB in cm 66 5 Is the main PWB or PCB a flexible circuit board Number of layers in the main PWB or PCB Is there a second PWB or PCB in the device What is the external area of the second PWB or PCB in cm Is the second PWB or PCB a flexible circuit board Number of layers in the second PWB or PCB Is there a third PWB or PCB in the device What is the external area of the third PWB or PCB in cm Is the third PWB or PCB a flexible circuit board Number of layers in the third PWB or PCB Is there a fourth PWB or PCB in the device Yes What is the external area of the fourth PWB or PCB in cm Is the fourth Printed Wiring Board PWB or Printed Circuit Board PCB No a flexible circuit board Number of layers in the fourth PWB or PCB What is the total external area of all others rigid PWB or PCB or flex rigid combined PWB or PC
3. 7440 41 7 beryllium oxide BeO CAS 1304 56 9 CAS 12228 40 9 CAS 7787 46 4 CAS 543 81 7 Is benzene and its compounds e g hexachlorobenzene contained in Yes the device or all of the materials including packaged accessories CAS 71 43 2 or CAS 118 74 1 Are lithium perchlorates LiClO4 and their compounds contained in the Yes device or all of the materials including packaged accessories CAS 14797 73 0 e g as used in batteries Page 63 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Are perfluoro octane sulfonates PFOS and perfluoro octanic acids PFOA and their compounds contained in the device or all of the materials including packaged accessories CAS 335 67 1 Are phthalates DBP and DEHP and their compounds contained in the device e g benzyl butyl phthalate BBP CAS 85 68 7 Di 2 ethylhexyl phthalate DEHP CAS 117 81 7 di n butylphthalate DBP CAS 84 74 2 diisobutylphthalate DIBP CAS 84 69 5 Diethyl phthalate DEP CAS 84 66 2 Are phthalates DBP et DEHP and their compounds contained in the charger including cords USB cable or any other accessories e g benzyl butyl phthalate BBP CAS 85 68 7 Di 2 ethylhexyl phthalate DEHP CAS 117 81 7 di n butylphthalate DBP CAS 84 74 2 diisobutylphthalate DIBP CAS 84 69 5 Diethyl phthalate DEP CAS 84 66 2 Are brominated and halogenated flame retardants and others compounds contained in the d
4. Flexible c Enter the number of layers the PCB has Note The picture below shows calli for isi flexible and alana PCBs Flexible PC nue tat Serer teres ae _ Rigid Flexible PCB I T TSSESexy3 6 corsasH NOL 4 Z08097 Page 30 forum for www forumforthefuture org ing the future The picture below shows a cross section of a main Printed wiring boards PWB or Printed circuit boards PCB Simply count the number of layers to get your answer for b You may need to sand the edge of the PCB PWB to reveal the copper layers Copper layers Total area of other rigid and flex igid combined PCB a Give information if the device includes any further rigid PCBs other than already captured in question 4 7 Answer with Yes or No b Give specification of size of this additional PCB c Choose type of PCB flexible or rigid Total area of other flexible PCB a Give information if the device includes other rigid PCB other than mentioned in question 4 7 Answer with YES or NO b Give specification of size of this additional PCB c Choose type of PCB flexible or rigid 6 4 3 Electronic components manufacturing emissions Electronic components manufacturing emissions Do you know the silicon Area cm2 area Area of silicon in integrated circuits with more than 12 pins balls Do you know the NAND flash memory capacity Flash memory G
5. Note Casing weights and materials are used to calculate the manufacturing impacts of that component Plastic has a relatively high CO2 impact 10 49g CO2 eq per gram of material It is assumed that plastic casings are composed of ABS 80 and PC 20 Appendix 2 provides the secondary data used for the model Default value If you don t know the answer the tool will assume the worst case scenario of 50g of plastic The reason why we are so harsh in this case is that we think it is part of the manufacture s responsibility and a hygiene factor to know about this data Cs Weight of aluminium in the casing a State whether or not you know the weight of aluminium in the casing b Provide the total weight of aluminium used within the casing in grams Note Casing weights and materials are used to calculate the manufacturing impacts of that component The CO impact of aluminium is 7 91g COs eq per gram Page 36 the future ES forum for www forumforthefuture org It is assumed that the aluminium used in casing is 51 recycled Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model Default value As for plastic where the answer is unknown we will assume the worst case scenario of 50g of aluminium 7 Weight of steel in the casing a State whether or not you know the weight of steel in the casing b Provide the total weight of steel used within the casing in grams Casing weights and materials are used
6. The ITU also launched an assessment of eco rating schemes with a view to understanding the opportunities for harmonisation It was published in September 2012 and despite categorising the issues slightly differently and including a wider set of eco rating schemes that had launched more recently it also found that there were good opportunities for developing a unified solution that better met the needs of all consumers networks and manufacturers alike Page 10 forum for www forumforthefuture org iN the future Eco rating includes AT amp T Orange France Telefonica Sprint Vodafone information on Telecom Company Performance Supply Chain Performance Handset Source ITU T 2012 Review of mobile handset eco rating schemes This work and that of the GSMA before it subsequently led to the creation of the ITU T Working Group 5 on standardisation of global eco ratings which is in the process of developing a harmonised sustainability standard The political and logistical complexities of engaging a very wide group of stakeholders means this work is still ongoing but in order to provide the group with something tangible rather than theoretical to help it make decisions we created the first iteration of Open Eco Rating V3 with the support of Telefonica and Vodafone Page 11 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Open Eco Rating V3 continues to form the core of the developing ITU approach and has
7. ebore pore bafo rormae frewa hor ho F isos poor foa eelef ae pss foose o o supef Harner afsone emsa Eh fw oa Teme pa ow a a E R a a Efsuosefi fcopper esjisfcu zmosos fons mo f c cfsupielz miere pesfsfn oos mo f EEs CC fmo f The CML2002 abiotic resource depletion method was then applied to the material content result obtained with the MDS The results for the top five most important resources regarding abiotic resources depletion are displayed in the tables below Abiotic resources depletion review for mobiles phones Orange 2015 VAIJA GARCIA RICCI contact for further information samuli vaija orange com Page 21 3 5 3 6 Ee forum for www forumforthefuture org the future High end smartphone Abiotic resources depletion Reserve base 41 76 Feature phone Abiotic resources depletion Reserve base 31 67 Silver Ag 20 97 Gold Au 18 06 Tantalum Ta 8 00 Tin Sn 4 04 Silver Ag 28 87 Gold Au 17 26 Tin Sn 7 25 Palladium Pd 5 66 How to use the tool Open Eco Rating V3 is a simple Excel based tool Manufacturers are asked to answer the questions and provide supporting evidence in order to gain a score for each mobile phone Each user of the methodology should verify the submitted answers and request further information if needed The tool will give each device an Eco Rating score as well as a wealth of sub information abou
8. forum for the future Open Eco Rating V3 A User Guide September 2015 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Forum for the Future is a sustainability non profit that works globally with business government and others to solve tricky challenges We aim to transform the critical systems that we all depend on such as food and energy to make them fit for the challenges of the 21st century We have 19 years experience inspiring new thinking building creative partnerships and developing practical innovations to change our world We share what we learn from our work so that others can become more sustainable System innovation is at the heart of our strategy One of our key approaches is creating innovation coalitions bringing together groups to solve bigger sustainability challenges including those that work across whole value chains Another of our approaches is helping pioneering businesses go further faster Discover our stories and what we ve learned about building a sustainable world at www forumforthefuture org or follow us on Twitter or Facebook Page 2 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Contents pH iia o 8 e o y perenne nent cee renner ct cnn rrr E Tooter rT 5 2 The purpose of the scheme ccscccssecsecssecssecsseesseeseetsenteeseens 6 2 1 5 1970 eee ee er eso E E renee er ease ene ee ee eee rere re 6 2 2 PoS T D e a neces as aendcaersunee ee ceeeten
9. g x 0 321 mass of battery g x 1 88 mass of mobile mass of battery x 0 465 We assume that mobile phones are shipped e from shops to a warehouse distance assumption 500 km e from warehouse to sorting centre where some of them are repaired and sold on second hand markets distance assumption 1000 km e from sorting centre to recycling facility such as Umicore in Belgium or Boliden in Sweden where precious metals e g silver gold platinum palladium special metals e g indium secondary metals e g antimony tin bismuth and base metals copper nickel are recovered distance assumption 1500 km The figure below displays the different steps vodafone Telefonica eTA Telecommunications _________ Satna repair S s a AAN e 500 km with 4000 km with ms 4500 km with ae freight lorry freight lorry freight lorry EURO 4 gt 32 EURO 4 gt 32 EURO 4 gt 32 metric tons metric tons metric tons l orange l Vv v Repaired Recovered mobiles lenergy and phones l metals _ Only those devices that are dismantled and sent to material or energy recovery are considered the second hand markets are considered out of the scope of the evaluation red dash line box in the figure above Benefits from recycling or energy recovery are not accounted for in this scenario due to a lack of reliable data which only takes into account direct impact from transportation
10. 14797 73 0 Porfluoraactancrulfanator PFOS andPorfluora actanic acide PFOA maximum combined concentration valuo ppm o q CAS 335 67 1 Phthalator o q CAS 5 63 7 CAS 117 31 7 CAS 4 74 2 CAS 34 649 5 CAS 4 66 2 Brominated fHaloqenated flame retardantr o q CAS 3296 90 0 CAS 96 13 9 CAS 3194 55 6 CAS 201 236 9 Other chlorinated amp halogenated hydrocarbons o q CAS 115 96 3 Nickel uhore uredinrurface partr in contact with the skin CAS 7440 02 0 Othor Antimony compounds o q CAS 545336 93 9 CAS 13959 41 7 CAS 127153 31 5 CAS 12 426 74 2 CAS 9399 31 0 CAS T7S24 d4 3 Page 49 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future What percentage of aluminium used e g in the case is post consumer recycled i e scrap content a Enter a value from 0 100 Note The manufacture of aluminium is very energy intensive Producing it from recycled materials reduces the energy required by 95 compared with producing it from the mineral bauxite which helps to reduce global warming and create greater demand for aluminium waste What percentage of the internal steel e g the chassis and or external steel e g case components is post consumer recycled i e scrap content a Enter a value from 0 100 Note Manufacturing steel is an energy intensive process but making it from recycled materials requires less energy compared with making it from i
11. and treatment processes red dash line box in the figure above LCA models for transport sorting battery and mobile phone treatment in a copper smelter for metals recovery were picked in Ecoinvent 3 0 database 3 4 Raw material depletion RMD calculation Weight of gold mg in device x weight of silver mg in device x weight of tin mg in device x weight of tantalum mg in device x abiotic depletion potential g antimony equivalent Page 20 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org The RMD indicator is presented as both an absolute score in grams of antimony equivalent in the LCA sheet and as a relative score out of 10 in the overview sheet Rare metals included in the calculation are Gold Silver Tin Tantalum Indium In order to pick the most critical resources Orange carried out two extensive material content assessments for a feature phone and a high end smartphone Materials declarations sheets MDS were used instead of generic LCA software models see example of MDS above for a multi layer Thin film 0201 SMD inductor to assess the quantities of 27 resources a ma a Aiba fas pua pos fo H ms _ Se poner ooo ma cf cheme sacononmmne ssfsr forest closer bo moonen fea hec eheee ronnan paraf prenasa foon bw aleen p boo fect paise rvs aooe pe M moonen oss na hre ehemm eoe pasje freseo fio hoo maori oa Joo elelee fione fest afoeneoronaone forsa h eo
12. because it allows a user to precisely understand how changing each element of the device will improve or reduce its sustainability score Comparability it has to enable devices from different manufacturers to be compared in a robust way To do this it doesn t ask for information that is open to interpretation between manufacturers or which requires detailed life cycle data that will vary depending on the assumptions and knowledge of the assessor Equitability it has to be fair to all manufacturers and not artificially reward or penalise one over another The tool has widespread support from the manufacturer community not only because it simplifies the number of data requests that they get but because it gives fair results Relevance it has to ask questions that are meaningful and add to the strength of the tool It is very easy to make something complicated but complicated to make something easy so the temptation can be to add in more and more simply because it can be easily measured We have done the opposite finding ways to assess things that are traditionally difficult because they are relevant to the total sustainability and taking out lots of things that have little genuine importance and impact Page 7 2 3 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org The history of eco ratings 2 3 1 Vodafone The Vodafone eco rating is a self assessment tool where manufacturers are asked to answer a wide ra
13. benefited from detailed feedback and recommendations by the many international stakeholders in the ITU T working group 2 3 5 Orange The Orange scheme was the first eco rating on the market being launched in France in 2008 before being rolled out to Spain Poland Romania and Armenia As with the other schemes it has undergone continuous development since that time particularly in the streamlining of questions to get to the heart of the sustainability issues in the simplest ways It was developed with co operation from external stakeholders in particular WWF France who continue to help revise the methodology each year to keep it up to date and remove unnecessary complexity Orange has been a supporter of a harmonised approach for many years and was as active participant in the work of the GSMA and the ITU In early 2015 Orange decided to join Forum s Eco Rating in order to drive the synchronisation of rating tools in the market further Its participation in collaboration with O2 UK and Vodafone allowed this harmonised version of the tool to be created with the open LCA Page 12 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 3 Methodology overview The answers to around 100 questions about the environmental and social impact of each phone are combined to give an overall rating or score The Eco Rating score ranges from zero to five with five representing the most sustainable score possible and is typically displaye
14. by standard tools facilitates repair by non specialist repairers and can therefore help to reduce the price of repair making it more economical Prolonging product life through repair is one of the most effective ways of reducing overall product environmental impact 41 Does this mobile phone contain modular componeniry for all of its components that allows the user to reconfigure the device as they choose a Answer with Yes or No Note Modular devices in which every major component such as battery screen camera keypad processor motherboard memory chassis etc can be simply removed and switched by the user are being developed by a variety of organisations Modularity has the potential to reduce waste and manufacturing impacts of new devices by allowing only those parts of a device that are broken or obsolete to be replaced rather than disposing of the whole device 42 Do you provide instructions to the user on the mobile phone on how contacts and other personal information can be transferred to a different phone a Answer with Yes or No Note Being able to easily transfer personal data from an old phone to a new one gives the user confidence that none of their important personal history will be lost if they no longer own the old phone This should allow the old phone to be more readily reused or recycled rather than kept for information insurance purposes hence reducing overall resource demand
15. cele eena eE E NEE Eroe Naaa e ESAE EEES KESSE a 74 7 4 3 Modelling the rest of the device cece cece cece ee eeee eee e eee ee ee ee ee aa eae e ee eee aan ee ee ee aaa ee eee aaa nnter enn nnnm eenn m nrnna 74 7 4 4 Modelling packaging and GOCUMENTHATION cece cece eee eee eee eee ee ee eee eee ee ae aa ee eeeeseaaaeeeeeeasaaaeeeees 75 Page 4 BG forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Introduction Welcome to the third version of Eco Rating a tool that harmonises the environmental mobile phone rating methodologies of Vodafone Telefonica and Orange in order to create a more standardised and simplified way of assessing the environmental credentials of mobile phones It has been developed in collaboration with device manufacturers that supply to these three global networks One of the biggest changes in comparison to Eco Rating 2 0 is that this version includes an open Life Cycle Assessment LCA This means that the tool calculates the life cycle impacts independently and does not rely on the calculations of a third party The importance of this is that it gives the tool total transparency a key principle of our approach and enables users to see the impact of devices and changes to those devices in real time We have also added some new questions to the assessment and removed redundant ones to keep the tool up to date with changes in technology and ensure it continues to push for further impro
16. emissions includes 5 15 12 0 direct indirect and upstream emissions The A10 7350B is designed on a 245 mm die therefore the GWP result is 2 39E 02 kg eq CO2 mm For FX PRO 8800B the die surface is 244 62 mm hence a GWP result of 2 10E 02 kg eq CO2 mm With this wafer environmental impact update the new linear regression formula IS CO2zcomponents Ssi 0 0202 x Ssi 0 142 Where CO2components GHG emissions for the manufacturing of electronic components kg CO eq Ssi Silicon area in components with more than 12 connections mm For the die size shrinking an extensive study was carried out on 121 mobile phones 2014 and 2015 devices 41 high end smartphones with 16GB of NAND memory 66 mid tier smartphones with 1 2 4 or 8GB of NAND memory 12 low tier smartphones with 256 or 512 MB of NAND memory and 14 feature Comparative Carbon Footprint A gt M facturing and Use Phase Two Generations of A Units AMD 2015 available on antes eae oe baltic E r Paa A oct Page 71 7 4 RS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future phones with 8 16 64 or 128 MB of NAND memory NB for 8 16 MB models the Serial Flash Memory was considered as a proxy for NAND As the aim was to set a default value for the largest surface per type of components e g 32GB NAND integrated circuit the highest value per category was selected The table below displays the penalty silicon die area in mm per categ
17. g small outline transistor small outline diode were also considered thanks to specific models available in EIME s database e Total mass of passive components such as resistors capacitors inductors SAW filter and crystals The different types of technology e g multilayer ceramic chip capacitors or tantalum capacitors were also considered thanks to specific models available in EIME s database e Total mass of electro mechanical components e g microphone headset jack SIM card socket antennas For these items materials declarations sheets MDS were used in order to create models which combine materials e g polyamide liquid crystal polymer stainless steel and manufacturing processes injection moulding deep drawing extrusion e Total mass of soldering paste All the soldering dots for wave soldering and pads for reflow soldering were counted and sorted according to their size e g 0201 0402 0603 for SMD soldering pads Documentation from electronic components manufacturers were used to assess the quantity of solder paste per pad The total mass of soldering paste was samuli vaija orange com For example Freescale Semico N ID NOLC Page 67 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org then assessed by multiplying the number of dots pads by the quantity of solder paste per dot pad Both wave and reflow solder paste were considered as SAC tin silver copper type e Total area of surface pl
18. in the EU market PFOA is on the REACH candidate list PFOS and PFOA are persistent organic pollutants and are associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease Q Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with phthalates a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Phthalates are mainly used as plasticisers to increase the flexibility transparency durability and longevity of plastics They can however leach out Page 53 the future ES forum for www forumforthefuture org of plastics and act as endocrine disruptors for those that absorb them They also potentially have other serious health effects Phthalates are being considered for inclusion in a forthcoming revision of ROHS Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with brominated halogenated flame retardants a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Brominated flame retardants BFRs are persistent bioaccumulative and toxic to both humans and the environment and are suspected of causing neurobehavioral effects and endocrine disrup
19. maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Antimony and many of its compounds are toxic Rather than trying to specify every known compound for which this is the case this question adopts the precautionary principle 6 5 4 Packaging and logistics efficiency D Packaging Weight of mobile phone nduding battery in grams Weg of packaged accessories e g headsets chargers cables in grams Weight of accompanying matenals manuals etc in grams 22 Total product weight Weight of packaging materials n grams 347 50 Product Packaging ratio Volume of packaging cm3 Volume of mobile phore cm3 The impact calculation for the volume of packaging is made as follows CO2pack Mpack 49 80gCOz2eq 0 737x M pack Volume of packaging and volume of mobile phone a Enter the total volume of packaging and the total volume of the mobile phone in cm The tool will automatically calculate the total product weight and packaging ratio based on this data Note Together these questions provide a measure of the weight of the packaging relative to the weight of the device Packaging should be optimised so that only enough is used to provide the necessary level of protection of the Page 55 RS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future product This is more efficient for the manufacturer and causes a lower environmental impact By giving the information on vol
20. most devices are transported by air this is set as the default travel option but it can be changed by users to other methods We have reduced the number of transport questions to simplify the assessment and enable a single score to be calculated for a device which can then be used across European markets This is important for maintaining comparability and simplicity and is appropriate since the relative contribution of transport emissions to the total COs impact is small and the marginal difference in distance between our default European location Paris and other destinations is smaller Similarly we assume a single representative location for originating markets on each manufacturing continent e g Shenzhen for Asia The calculation for the transportation emissions follows COddistribution Mproduct X COpiane X plane COtruck X dtruck COship X ship COz2train X Ctrain Page 18 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org M j oduct Mass of the product and its packaging in g d sine 3 Auk gt ship Crain Transportation distances by mode of transport CO CO COs CO secondary data Solana 2ship tran Transportation emission factors see 3 3 38 CO use phase We calculate the use phase emissions with the following formula Lifetime COs energy to charge battery capacity of battery mAh x voltage V 1000 x charger efficiency 65 x number of charges per year x years of use x CO
21. transportation CO2 use COz end of life 3 3 1 CO2 manufacturing Emissions included in the overall manufacturing emissions value come from the manufacture of e Screen e Printed circuit board PCB e Electronic components e Camera e Rest of device The calculation for the manufacturing emissions is as follows CO2m COaztcp x Stsc COzrigid N x Smainpcs CO2rigia 4 x Srigid COd2tlex X gt Silex CO2compoenents Ssi F COd2battery X Mbattery CO2charger Mcharger F gt CO2casing 1 X Mecasing i COcz2rest X Mdevice CO2pack X Mpack gt mi X dplane X CO2plane Page 17 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org SL CD Total area of screens in cm SMainPCB Main PCB area in cm Srigid Total surface of rigid PCB LCD keypad touch panel key and others in cm x Silex Total area of flex PCB in cm Ssi Total area of silicon die chip in integrated circuits with more than 12 connections in cm Mbattery Battery weight ing Mcharger Charger weight in g Mcasing Weight of material i in the casing in g Mdevice Weight of the device in g Mack Packaging and documentation weight in g di plane Distance covered by plane to the customisation site of the component 3 3 2 CO transportation Questions relating to the geographical location of manufacture aim at modelling the distribution of the handset from the factory to the distributor warehouse Given that
22. values based on empirical evidence taken from devices in the market All questions need an answer in order to provide a final score In most cases we require the user to give the data needed but in a few cases we recognise that this may not always be possible particularly for device manufacturers that are at the beginning of the eco rating process or who have a less strong relationship Page 16 3 3 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org with their supply chain In these cases we allow the user to say they don t have the information and instead apply a punitive default value which gives the lowest possible score for that question Find an overview of the default value we used in Table 1 of Appendix 1 b Secondary data In order to calculate environmental impacts we sometimes need to use assumptions and models Appendix 2 lists the data sources we used for some impact calculations Global warming potential calculation This is measured in kilograms of CO2 equivalent and is given in both total kg of CO in the LCA sheet and as a relative score out of 10 in the overview sheet to enable the total Eco Rating score to be calculated The overall global warming potential includes the calculations from manufacturing transport use and end of life emissions which are outlined below The calculation for the global warming potential is as follows Global warming potential calculation CO2 manufacturing CO
23. B 1 NAND flash memory capacity of the device GB Page 31 forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 10 Area of silicon in integrated circuits with more than 12 pins balls a Find how many integrated circuits with more than 12 connections the mobile phone includes b Answer with Yes No or Don t know depending on whether you can specify the size silicon area of these integrated circuit boards c If the answer to b is Yes enter the total area of silicon in cm Note This part focuses only on the semi conductor components which have 12 or more connexions with a PCB The silicon die area of simple integrated circuits may be calculated by sanding off the packaging and measuring the die area with a Vernier scale To help answer question 10a please refer to the illustrations below which show the number of pins on a variety of integrated circuits Picture Number of pins To answer question 10b find out how many silicon chips die you have in each integrated circuit and assess the area for all silicon chips die The illustrations below should help you identify the number of silicon chips Page 32 forum for d the future www forumforthefuture org Number of Picture Number of silicon chips SR integrated circuits eS CID a The silicon chip die area surface is a proxy for all the electronic components i e integrated circuits and passive components such as capac
24. B in cm What is the total external area of all others flexible PWB or PCB in 83 9 cm Z es 21 4 es 27 3972 Zz _ _ NO gt O 89 35 Z 01 0 Does this main camera have an optical zoom What is the resolution of the main camera in megapixels What is the main camera sensor size in inch fraction 2 3 Does this phone have a second front facing camera O What is the weight of the receiver with its battery in g 178 5 Page 61 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future e What is the weight of steel composing the handset case in g What is the weight of the packaged finished product in g Where is the location of the main manufacturing site Asia North Asia America South America Africa or Europe What is the absorbed energy to charge the battery from 0 to 100 on 15317 3 the side of mains in mWh What is the quantity of indium contained in the device including solders electronic components in mg What is the quantity of gold contained in the device including all gold 84 51 coating gold wire gold flash in mg What is the quantity of silver contained in the device including solders 500 01 electronic components in mg What is the quantity of tantalum contained in the device including 15 solders electronic components in mg What is the quantity of tin contained in the device including solders 1806 01 elect
25. N display on sustainable phone usage to reduce energy use No Does the manufacturer specified external power supply meet the ITU T L 1000 requirements for energy efficiency no load power consumption below 0 15 W Page 62 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Z O Does the mobile phone include a feature that lowers its power consumption by switching off all background running applications and non used network connections and reduces the screen s brightness and standby time with one single action Is the mobile phone able to use H 265 HEVC codec in order to encode and decode video Does the mobile phone include a low power consumption co processor can the main CPU s clock frequency be throttled down dynamic frequency scaling or can the main CPU s unused cores be switched to their lowest power mode be switched off when they re not used for mobile phones with multi core CPU Does the CPU s architecture include L3 cache memory Is the mobile phone Bluetooth 4 2 compatible Is this mobile phone designed to enable reuse of components What percentage of aluminium used e g in the case is post consumer recycled i e scrap content in Z O O O Z What percentage of the internal steel e g the chassis and or external steel e g case components is post consumer recycled i e scrap content in What percentage of the plastic used in the mobile phone e g the case a
26. Orange Telefonica 02 Vodafone Telekom Carbon footprint Raw materials and manufacturing proxies X X X X Transportation distances and modes X X X Use impacts X X X X Resources Raw materials and manufacturing proxies X X X X X Water footprint Raw materials and manufacturing proxies X X X X X Sustainable design X Conflict minerals X X X Hazardous materials X X X Packaging X X X Charger efficiency X X Energy saving X X X Longevity of device and or peripherals X X X Waste reduction X X X a X X lt x X X X X X Exposure to radiation Corporate sustainability supply chain Sustainable management systems Resource management policies E TASC adoption X Sustainability reporting Social inclusion X Functionality Enabling sustainable lifestyles Sustainability of service offering Source Forum for the Future 2012 GSMA review of network eco ratings x X x xX x XxX X X Following this initial study and discussion by the GSMA working group a full project was initiated to develop a harmonised eco rating tool The specification Page 9 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org for this was well developed when it was decided to combine the GSMA work with that of the ITU Nevertheless the lessons and industry feedback developed through that process set up the collaborations that have resulted in Open Eco Rating V3 and have contributed to its development 2 3 4 International Telecommunication Union ITU
27. aging b Enter the weight of the total packaging less the weight of the documentation covered in question 21 in grams Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model Page 38 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org 6 4 6 Transportation emissions Transportation emissions Location of main manufacturing site Main mode of transport by distance from manufacturing site to final market amp Location of the main manufacturing site a Provide the location of the main production site from the list below Where production takes place in more than one site choose the area that manufactures the greatest number of units Africa Asia North America South America Europe O O O O Note The location of the main production site is used as a proxy to calculate the impact of the distribution phase with Asia set as the default manufacturing area According to China s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology MIIT more than 1 18 billion mobile phones were produced in China in 2012 which is more than half of all the mobile phones sold worldwide this year Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model Continent Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions in 2012 Africa 754 839 895 12 0 Asia 3 761 993 440 59 6 Europe 766 520 917 12 1 N America 515 360 974 8 2 S America 482 567 551 7 6 TOTAL 6 315 754 084 100 Table 2 Mobile cellular telephone subs
28. ance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material SCCPs are persistent bioaccumulative toxic to aquatic organisms and possibly carcinogenic to humans category 2B Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is Supplied with antimony trioxide where used in conjunction with flame retardants a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Antimony and many of its compounds are toxic and the effects are similar to arsenic causing headaches dizziness depression dermatitis damage to the kidneys and the liver and potentially death It is also a Suspected carcinogen Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with beryllium and compounds e g beryllium oxide a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material BeO is carcinogenic and may cause chronic beryllium disease a chronic allergic type lung response and chronic lung disease Inhalation of dust or fumes from copper beryllium can cause serious pulmonary illness lung disease and BeO can be formed from alloys during processing Page 52 ES forum for www forumfor
29. arency as well as its widespread use which makes the tool accessible for all The questions in the tool cover a simple life cycle assessment of the device as well as a broader set of questions that cover the wider sustainability of its impacts in its longevity material use transport logistics user impacts and so on Corporate sustainability and social aspects are also covered since it would be misleading to report on the sustainability of a device without also considering the sustainability of the supply chain social compliance and management practices that have created it However for industry standardisation we do not ask for a unique set of corporate information but instead rely on using the corporate assessment scores generated by the Eco Vadis assessment Most of the questions in the tool are mandatory in order to generate an overall score However the Open Eco Rating V3 version allows a few default values for certain LCA questions in case some data is missing We list the default values in Table 1 of Appendix 1 Overview sheet This is the first sheet in the workbook and should be completed first It asks for some basic information about the device under assessment and the assessor and is also where the Eco Vadis corporate score is entered Having completed all of the questions in the tool the overview sheet is also the one which presents the high level results the overall Eco Rating as well as the breakdown of
30. arm sreltey girs Bye 6 0 2 a ser arene unig art ete ten ene fpr earner emnee eter e eee rnareremencer renee 17 3 3 1 ANT GUNMA Shs cionnt a Ei a a a EEE Eia a ER 17 3 3 2 COs WU ON ANI sssrini nnsa Be seo e eaa EE eE Aa maaa aE E a aaa E a EE aE a Ea 18 3 3 3 1G PO a 21g 3 E E EEE E E E ETE O SEE EOT EE ET E ee ee SE 19 3 3 4 De eke NS a ee sce in tec E A aoc nak E ede one oc E ademas E E T AN E N A EE AE sn 19 3 4 Raw maternal depletion RMD NUON cacraciecascicasias nasdniadgesicsiesanisandisniasedesiiedsios ensduinuasacsinceniaesdaniasadencasenedincudamcuedaaes 20 3 5 S 8 1 a E E E E E E E E EA metres men tere eee 22 3 6 TOCO O E SG E etiadentdatcs 22 4 TN ANKS 2 ee ccc ccc ccccccecceccccccccccccceccecuecueuuecuecuecnecuecnecnecueeuecneeneeneeates 22 5 What would we like from YOU cccccsecceeceeceeeseeseeeseeseeeneees 23 Smee 015 19 8 ilia emigicme 0 t e 8 gtsl ae eennenn rrr rere emer err Tete terre 24 6 1 visio Nhe is i PERA renter ir A E E E E rete Oe err nT secre rn te ree rere reer eke rere 24 6 2 a a eee T 24 6 3 Bae Sete el ace IAEE ee ne AET EI ee ee einen nena TIN Meee eee OE AAIE ager ree er 24 6 3 1 General tips ANd recommendations cecececcceceeeeeecececeeueeeeeeeeeeeuseeeeeesseuceeeeeeeseaeeeeesessaaseeeeeeessaneeseeeneas 24 6 4 a e 6 nee ae ne nee ie tee et eR Tote ne ioe te ee ene ee arene ee ee ene er eee ers ener nee 26 6 4 1 Screen man facluring SINISSIONS sisson aed vebiakdacta
31. ating and surface finish on printed circuit boards such as electroless nickel immersion gold All this data was then inputted in EIME LCA software Version 4 database Version 11 0 PEP ecopassport PCR 2 1 method was used to obtain environmental impact results for climate change global warming potential noted GWP raw material depletion water depletion primary energy depletion and ozone depletion potential The environmental impact results e g kg eq COs for GWP for each mobile phone and key parameters such as total silicon die surface total integrated circuits mass or total integrated circuits packaging surface were then inputted in statistical analysis software Statgraphics Centurion Version 16 1 05 For GWP the total silicon die surface in integrated circuits was determined to be the best approximation factor In order to simplify the process for mobile phone manufacturers the silicon die surface distribution in different integrated circuits was also assessed This extra study was carried out on 50 mobiles phones total silicon die surface 128 19 1333 09 mm and showed that the integrated circuits with more than 12 connections contain more than 95 of the total silicon die surface min 95 02 mean 98 04 max 99 37 The result for the 50 mobile phones is displayed in the figure below Page 68 forum for ing the future www forumforthefuture org 1400 R 0 9992 iS S 1000
32. cided in consensus with the current users to remove this indicator for simplicity 3 2 1 Absolute and normalised scores The absolute scores show the results for each section of the tool giving the actual number of points scored in each section out of the total number of points available While interesting this information is hard to compare across categories of impact so normalised scores are also given which convert this raw data into a uniform 10 point scale for each impact section The weightings for each section can then be applied to these normalised scores to more easily calculate the total Eco Rating score 3 2 2 Data sources for the calculation a Primary data The data for the calculation is taken from the answers provided by the users of the tool as they complete the questionnaire Because we need to provide a final score on a finite scale i e from O to 5 we need to be able to set the upper and lower limits for questions in order to be able to see where a device falls between those two extremes This relative scoring approach is the same as with all other assessments that need to place devices on a finite scale which allows simple comparison For most of the questions this is easy to do because they are binary or already on a defined scale one point for answer x two points for y or three points for z However for some of the life cycle questions where we ask about area of components we need to set the minimum and maximum
33. ckaging materials can only be achieved domestically the route that most of the device packaging will go down if it can be easily separated into its constituent materials bonded or laminated materials currently make it less likely that packaging will be recycled E E Weight of materials a Enter the weight of stated materials in grams Note These questions are used to check that the total packaging weight is the same as the individual material weights It is also used to assign a sustainable materials packaging score which is related to the total weight of all packaging materials that is made from sustainable sources Page 56 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future This avoids packaging being scored too highly For example consider 100g of a material that is made up of 98g of virgin paper and 2g of recycled plastic In this case 100 of the plastic would be marked as being made of recycled content but the total proportion of the material is still very low Similarly it also stops packaging being scored too low if not all materials are from sustainable sources but the majority of the total weight is 74 Is this material from Forest Stewardship Council Sustainable Forestry Initiative or equivalent certified sustainable source a Answer with Yes or No Note We know that paper can come from a variety of sustainable sources and this question asks whether it has come from a source that certi
34. confusion it s important to ensure that network operators don t undermine this by contradicting one another It s also a waste of time for network operators to be chasing similar data from manufacturers and an enormous waste of resources for manufacturers to provide it many times over Work by both the GSM Association GSMA and the International Telecommunications Union ITU demonstrate that there are strong alignments between the goals of the various assessment schemes and the basic elements that go into them For instance the majority of assessments include a core set of questions that examine the basics of manufacturing and using a device Similarly most also ask questions about the wider sustainability of a device such as what substances it is made from what packaging it comes in and how it has been designed for longevity The overlaps are not perfect but there is enough commonality to make harmonising both possible and desirable Open Eco Rating V3 combines the best elements of several network rating systems and was developed using feedback from manufacturers and network operators across the industry It replaces the eco ratings used by Telefonica O2 Vodafone and Orange and has been adopted by a number of other network operators around the globe so these networks can now share a common eco rating across all mobile devices they offer It is also a core part of the ITU s draft eco rating scheme Page 6 2 2 BG for
35. criptions in 2012 used as a proxy to determine the zones of handset distribution Oceania 34 471 307 Page 39 forum for wd the future www forumforthefuture org a Provide the main mode of transport from the list below Air Rail Sea Road O O O O Note The main mode of transport is used as a proxy to calculate the impact of the distribution phase Default As most transport happens by plane currently air is the default mean of transport However you can choose from other transport modes Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model 6 4 7 Use phase emissions Milliampere nour mAh capacity of the battery Voltage of the battery Frequency of charging touchscreen non louchscreen is used as a proxy indicator every other day Minimum number of years of use Note In 2014 Orange carried out a high end smartphone life cycle assessment For this study the average time per day spent using various functions and apps on smartphones was established with data provided by Analysys Mason 2014 The figure below displays the distribution High end smartphone life cycle assessment Orange 2014 VAIJA GARCIA contact for further information samuli vaija orange com Page 40 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Total 2013 194 7 minutes m Communication m Other entertainment PIM Uncategorised E Social networking Utilities and commerce Mu
36. d alongside the mobile phone 3 1 Modules The overall score is generated out of four modules a corporate score b LCA score cC responsible design score and d functionality score Corporate score 89 100 LCA score 8 2 20 Raw materiai do Raw material depletion 8 2 10 Responsible design score 47 99 Product durability amp life extension 16 32 Power conservation 6 10 Sustainable materials 12 36 Packaging and logistics efficiency 13 19 Disposal impacts 0 2 Functionality moderator 8 9 10 4 1 10 8 2 10 Weighting 4 8 10 5 10 6 10 a Corporate score Since it would be inappropriate and misleading to assess a device without also looking at the performance of the manufacturer Open Eco Rating V3 also assesses how committed the maker is to managing the environmental and social issues its faces and how it manages its supply chain This is done through the use of recommended industry standards in particular ETASC by Ecovadis The questions evaluate the standards policies and procedures that the manufacturer has in place and rewards manufacturers that go beyond legal requirements If you d like to Know more about the corporate or social criteria covered in the Ecovadis methodology please contact support ecovadis com b Life Cycle Assessment LCA score The LCA is based on the life cycle assessment guidelines specified in the ISO 14040 2006 and ISO 14044 2006 standards as well a
37. e Product model no name Brief description of mobile phone Eco Vadis Corporate Score please enter a value from 1 to 100 3 2 5 0 0 Name of assessor Overall score fo Global warming 0 10 0 10 15 Raw material depletion 8 2 10 8 2 10 15 Responsble design score Product durability amp life extension 13 Power conservatio 7 Sustainable materials Packaging and logistics efficiency Dispos pacts Functionality moderator The overall Eco Rating score is formed of the Corporate LCA and Responsible design scores weighted accordingly In addition points for sustainable functionality are added as well with each functionality point being worth 0 05 Eco Rating points There are currently a maximum of six possible functionality points which could add up to 0 3 points to the final Eco Rating score Page 15 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future The calculation follows Overall score 0 0 5 0 with maximum best score of 5 0 Global warming potential out of 10 x 15 Raw material depletion out of 10 x 15 Responsible design out of 10 x 40 moderator Note In Eco Rating 2 0 we used an additional indicator for water depletion however since the water depletion figures were generated from the same data as the CO figures they were strongly correlated and had no differentiating impact on the final score For the latest version we de
38. e rigid or flex see Appendix 3 Ix 4 see Appendix 4 see Appendix 4 Average composition of packaging and documentation see Appendix 4 See EIME database version CODDE 2015 04 See EIME database version CODDE 2015 04 See EIME database version CODDE 2015 04 Page 65 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Electronic components CO components GHG emissions for the manufacturing of components per area of silicon in components with more than 12 connections see Appendix 3 CO casing GHG emissions for the see Appendix 4 manufacturing of plastic casing GHG emissions for the see Appendix 4 manufacturing of aluminium casing GHG emissions for the see Appendix 4 manufacturing of steel casing Battery CO battery GHG emissions for the n a See EIME manufacturing of Li ion or Li database polymer battery version CODDE 2015 04 Charger GHG emissions for the manufacturing of elements composing the charger CO charger see Appendix 4 Rest of the device GHG emission for the manufacturing of elements composing the rest of the device see Appendix 4 Packaging and documentation COs pack Transportation of components GHG emissions for the manufacturing of materials composing the packaging and documentation see Appendix 4 CO plane GHG emission for plane transportation CO truck GHG e
39. ee ee eee ee ee eee aaaae eee ESEE aaa eee eeeaaaaee ee EEEE EEEE EEEn EnEn neen 55 6 5 5 PISS ANS I O ee niece deo cate ete ected cadet tent ree ae hoe A E A 59 6 5 6 FANE ONIN ciesnesiec desde tc otes censured a a a a heswaden Saneceeardneh vude neta anadinaanveauadentes 59 7 Appendices gt eee ee ene ene ee ee ee ee eee 61 qo ae elk Ren ee e A A EA A EAR EE EE E EEE EE A NAN AEEA 61 7 1 1 pee ED Ee OS E A E N A S E A E A E E E E 61 7 2 Appendix 2 Secondary data sources models and ASSUMPTIONS ccccccseeseeeeeeeceeeseeeecesseeseeeeeeeseeaseeeeeeseanees 65 7 2 1 Table 1 Semi specific Gat A aren cccisteccinceesecndepettueleccinaesinndsiveaddsilexsiuwestaceidtubedslee innsedknsiedeaisOadinatinecndtutedbnedetineaanersmecsdeese 65 7 2 2 Table 2 Secondary data cccccccccecsccsseecececcccsseeeeesecceseeeceessccenecenseccsseneeeessccseesenssecseeeeenssccsseeeesssecess 65 7 3 Appendix 3 Modelling GHG emissions for the manufacturing of electronic components based on the silicon SUCS ATOE eee ee ORO eee E EET SORE Sey nets Me nO mrn Terre rR ene nee N ats come tert arr CCE eT ene ee Smear er 67 7 4 Appendix 4 Modelling the charger casings rest of the device and packaQiNG cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeees 72 7 4 1 Modeling tne CNARG OF cece nsceedede aac evhinwtectdendecvcceshindeiee da cdachadethodeddintendacha des bids Cdisodaasade bons bidaddlee domddeabapbeteddie ten 72 7 4 2 Modeling te CASING cites este sone wera
40. eight of gold contained in the device a Enter the total weight of gold that is contained in the device in milligrams 34 Total weight of silver contained in the device a Enter the total weight of silver that is contained in the device in milligrams Total weight of tin contained in the device a Enter the total weight of tin that is contained in the device in milligrams 38 Total weight of tantalum contained in the device a Enter the total weight of tantalum that is contained in the device in milligrams Q Total weight of indium contained in the device a Enter the total weight of indium that is contained in the device in milligrams Page 43 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org 6 5 Responsible design sheet 6 5 1 Product durability repairability and serviceability A Product durability repairability and serviceability Battery Front and back casing Can the mobile phone be disassembled using standard tools to alow access to key components for repair or for reuse at end of lte Display e g LCD OLED touchscreen etc Main PCs Does this mobile phone contain modular componentry for all of its components that allows e user to reconfigure the device as they choose Do you provide instructions to the user on the mobile phone on how contacts and other personal information can be transferred to a different phone Do you provide instructions to the user on the mobile phone on h
41. emissions for the manufacturing of electronic components kg CO eq Ssi Silicon area in components with more than 12 connections mm2 In 2015 this method was updated to consider two key parameters Geographical area of manufacturing for silicon dies In 2010 the only wafer model available in the EIME database was Wafer from silicon before dies slicing at plant FR Therefore the model considered French electricity mix was used to manufacture the silicon dies which is a major issue because of the very low carbon footprint of electricity in France 149g CO eq kWh according to the ELCD Electricity Mix AC consumption mix at consumer 230V FR model whereas GHG electricity emissions in China are 1111g CO2 eq kWh according to Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid Version 1 3 Rene Itten Rolf Frischknecht Matthias Stucki 2014 In the current EIME database CODDE 2015 04 three wafer models are available France FR China CN and Europe RER This modification has to be applied directly to the 2010 linear regression formula Die size shrinking thanks to technological evolution In the 2010 model eight dies of 4GB were required for a 32GB NAND integrated circuit total silicon surface 1353 92 mm whereas in 2014 it only required four dies of 8GB total silicon surface 450 45 mm This size regression has to be applied to penalty values given when the manufacturer is not able to answ
42. er to the silicon dies surface question For the geographical area correction data was gathered from several sources The result of this distribution is displayed in the table below columns Country or geographical area and Production Country or geographical area Model picked in EIME RER CN Korea o f ose O R O C a T Page 70 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org JAPAN 18 88 RER NORTH AMERICA EUROPE As there are only three wafer manufacturing models in EIME i e France FR China CN and Europe RER a certain number of countries geographical areas had to be linked to one model or a mix of two models Indeed it is not possible to change directly the electricity mix in EIME models as it possible with Ecoinvent models The link country gt EIME model was made according to the GHG emissions of electricity mixes The result is an average world wafer manufacturing environmental impact for GHG emissions The result of a GWP assessment with the ILCD recommended indicators set using IPCC 2007 100 years model is 2 28E 02 kg eq COs mm2 This result is very close to the figure provided by AMD for its laptop APU Kaveri A10 7350B and Carrizo A12 8800B also known as FX PRO 8800B models see table below page eight of the AMD report Kaveri KV Carrizo CZ Percent Change Description i Kg CO2 e die Kg CO e die from KV to CZ Total wafer fabrication
43. ers in a number of countries and also to inform handset sustainability thinking at group level As with Vodafone Telefonica has been a champion of a unified industry approach for many years and continues to contribute its energy and expertise to industry working groups in order to achieve this end All of its IP is likewise invested in Open Eco Rating V3 which the company uses to assess the sustainability of all handsets in many of its operating markets 2 3 3 GSM Association The GSMA produced a study in February 2012 that first explored the opportunities and challenges of a unified eco rating scheme It had the full support of the organisations that had detailed and active eco rating schemes at Page 8 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future the time Deutsche Telekom Orange France SFR Telefonica O2 and Vodafone as well as OEM participation from a number of manufacturers The results of that study found that while none of the schemes were identical there were many similarities between the five tools and they all shared a set of common principles at their heart The main differences came from the breadth of their sustainability scope and the degree to which they look to drive innovation as summarised in the table below Note that these results related to the tools as they were in 2011 and that all have evolved since then often in even more complimentary directions beers D h Sustainability Issue Beene
44. evice or all of the materials including packaged accessories brominated flame retardants dibromo neopentyl glycol CAS 3296 90 0 2 3 dibromopropan 1 ol 2 3 dibromo 1 propanol CAS 96 13 9 hexabromocyclododecane CAS 3194 55 6 tetrabromobisphenol A CAS 201 236 9 Brominated flame retardants dibromo neopentyl glycol CAS 3296 90 0 2 3 dibromopropan 1 ol 2 3 dibromo 1 propanol CAS 96 13 9 hexabromocyclododecane CAS 3194 55 6 tetrabromobisphenol A CAS 201 236 9 Other brominated flame retardants Are chlorinated and halogenate hydrocarbons and other compounds contained in the device or all of the materials including packaged accessories e g tris 2 chloroethyl phosphate CAS 115 96 8 Is nickel Ni and its compounds used in surface parts likely to be in Yes contact with the skin CAS 7440 02 0 Is nickel Ni and its compounds used in surface parts likely to be in Yes contact with the skin on the charger including cords or accessories CAS 7440 02 0 Volume of the sellers packaging gift box w x x h in cm 2382 01 Volume of the mobile phone or receiver in cm 46 01 Is paper present in the packaging and or the documentation including Yes user manual leaflet other information or services What is the share of recycled or FSC or PEFC of paper in in Is cardboard present in the packaging and or the documentation Yes including seller s packaging gift box internal wedges or o
45. facturer specified external power supply meet the ITU T L 1000 requirements for energy efficiency a no load power consumption below 0 15 W a Answer with Yes or No Note ITU T L 1000 requires a universal power adapter and charger solution that will reduce the number of adapters and chargers produced and recycled by widening their application to more devices and increasing their lifetime The solution also aims to reduce energy consumption The longer life cycle and possibility of avoiding device duplication reduces the demand on raw materials and waste The universal power adapter and charger solution is designed to serve the vast majority of mobile terminals and other ICT devices Page 48 forum for ing the future www forumforthefuture org 6 5 3 Sustainable materials C Sustainable materials What percentage of aluminium uredf o q inthe caro ir part conrumerrocyclod i c rcrap content What porcentage of the intornalrtoel o 4q the charrir andor oxtornalrtoe o q care componentriv part conrumerrocyclod i c rcrap content What porcontage of the plartic urodin the mobilo phano o 4q the care and elrowhere ir part conrumer rocycled i c rcrap content Door the mobilo phono Cincluding packaqed accorrarior moot the requiromentr of the current EU RoHS Directive pravirions including applicable oxclurions and oxomptianr Door the mobilo phone including packaqed accorrarior moot all applicab
46. fies the sustainable production of timber In some cases this is a more attractive option for manufacturers than using recycled content because of differences in availability of high quality product E Recycled content of materials a Enter the percentage of recycled content in the material Note Reusing materials helps close the loop on resource use Rather than being a linear flow extract materials manufacture use dispose of extract more materials etc it instead encourages a circular flow extract materials manufacture use recycle re manufacture re use etc Closing the loop helps meet with world s increasing demand for finite resources Is this material marked with the relevant international recycling symbol for the material type paper polymer other a Answer with Yes or No Note Making a material from a recyclable material doesn t guarantee that it will be recycled Marking it with recycling symbols increases the likelihood of it being recycled by giving consumers the information they need to recycle it responsibly if the facilities exist The standard international recycling symbols for plastics are Page 57 f We or um for www forumforthefuture org the future CS CS ES CS ES E CS PETE HDPE LDPE OTHER Polyethylene High density Polyverry Low density terephthalate polyethylene chloride polyethylene Packaging weight error indicator Are the printing inks used on all p
47. he main camera sensor size a Provide the sensor size of the camera inch fraction from 1 4 up to 2 3 Note This question only appears if you answer if question 13a is answered with No If there is no optical zoom the sensor size is used to calculate the COs impact Note Most mobile phones include an integrated rear facing camera and associated componentry the manufacture of which creates additional greenhouse gases and contributes further to raw material depletion In this case the size of the sensor is the key factor and can be translated into silicon chip die area to calculate the environmental impacts A larger sensor equals more environmental impact Does this phone have a second front facing camera a Answer with Yes or No Page 35 the future ES forum for www forumforthefuture org 6 4 5 Rest of device manufacturing emissions Rest of device manufacturing emissions Do you know the weight of this component weight g Weight of plastic in the casing Weight of aluminium in the casing Weight of steel in the casing tlery weight Weight of the rest of the device excluding casing and battery Charger weight enter weight 0 if there is no charger Weight of documentation manuals etc packaging 1s Weight of plastic in the casing a State whether or not you know the weight of plastic in the casing b Provide the total weight of plastic used within the casing in grams
48. ight for manufacturers and reduces waste for consumers We recognise however that regulations in parts Page 58 forum for wd the future www forumforthefuture org of the world may make it impossible to remove manuals from the box even if manufacturers would like to 6 5 5 Disposable impacts E Disposal impacts 28 What proportion of the mobile phone can be separated out into pure 99 9 material streams after shredding a Enter a percentage Note The hi tech recycling solution for electronic devices is currently to shred them into small fragments and use sophisticated sorting technology to separate those fragments out into different material types High recovery rates are possible so long as the fragments are of one material type but if a device contains parts that tightly bonded composites of different materials then those parts will not be able to be separated into pure deemed 99 9 or higher material streams This question asks for the proportion of the total device that is comprised of materials and components that can be separated after mechanical shredding into pure material streams 6 5 6 Functionality Hardware Does this mobile phone replace the need for a digital compact camera by including a camera with a sensor with a diagonal larger than 1 2 33 inch Does this mobile phone include a real time navigational device e g satellite navigation Does this mobile phone have a front facing camera fo
49. impact kg CO2 kWh This is another simplification in order to use absolute values that we can check and verify voltage and battery capacity rather than theoretical indicators that we can t e g stated talk time We assume a charging efficiency rate of 65 based on research by network partners and available publications Other assumptions are the number of charges we have assumed a daily charge for a smartphone and a charge every other day for feature phones In practice this will vary from user to user depending on their mobile phone usage patterns but is for now a fair inasmuch as it is equally fair or unfair to all and so won t unduly reward or penalise any manufacturers assumption of average user patterns If anything it is likely to slightly overestimate total actual COs impacts which is preferable to underestimating them As with other parts of the LCA we take France as the European proxy and so use the French grid energy mix to give us the CO impact per kilowatt hour This is partly to keep the assessment consistent but also to enable Eco Rating to comply with French legislation requiring the CO impact of devices 3 3 4 CO end of life This formula is used to calculate end of life emissions Abiotic resc Yurces depletion review for mobiles phones Orange 20 samuli vaija orange com Page 19 RS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Mass of mobile g x 3000 x 0 00011 mass of mobile
50. information that is easily obtainable Therefore there is a low likelihood there being a lack of data for this question Furthermore this value is a proxy for 128 GB mobile phone models which are now available on the market but for which there is not enough data yet to assess the silicon die area in the NAND integrated circuit Appendix 4 Modelling the charger casings rest of the device and packaging 7 4 1 Modelling the charger GHG emissions for the manufacturing of the charger are calculated based on its weight The reference charger used to model this impact is a 58 1g charger with the following composition Page 72 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org PWB CEM1 2 CODDE Layers 0252 Surface mounted Circuit PCB OE ME E Layers Capacitor Passive Magneu 32 resistor and diode Capacitor Passive MATATU 14 resistor and diode Charger Chemical P 4 CODDE device RoHS 0068 SMD CODDE 3 SMD Capacitor Ceramics RoHS CODDE Transformer standard for PWB ECO Trans former PWB soldering wave SnAgCu 4 8 Reflow 2 l CODDE soldering SnAgCu PWB soldering reflow SnAgCu Connectors for CODDE PWB 0021 PC poly CODDE carbonate 0096 ABS CODDE 0093 Cable ECO telephone 177 ru a It is assumed that the electronics of the charger are similar for every device and that the changes i
51. ing NAND as an alternative way to calculate the environmental impacts in case the silicon area is unknown 6 4 4 Camera manufacturing emissions In order to find the best proxy for these manufacturing emissions Orange carried out teardowns and greenhouse gas emissions assessments for 10 mobile phone cameras ranging from two megapixels to 16 megapixels with optical zoom and optical image Stabilisation OIS Camera manufacturing emissions Camera resolution in megapixels 12 Does this phone have a main rear facing camera 130 Does this main camera have an optical zoom 130 What is the main camera sensor size 14 Does this phone have a second front facing camera 2 Does this phone have a main rear facing camera a Answer with Yes or No b If yes give information about the megapixels Note If the phone has a main rear facing camera with more than 5 0 megapixel question 13a and 13b open up within the tool in order to specify the impact in more detail Comparative analysis of mobile phone cameras Orange 2015 VAIJA GARCIA contact for further information samuli vaija orange com Page 34 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Does this main camera have an optical zoom a Answer with Yes or No Note The presence of an optical zoom indicates that the camera is of a higher sophistication and impact and is scored accordingly 185 what is t
52. itors resistors and inductors and electro mechanical components such as connectors soldered on the PCBs The impact equations we use in the tool are based on a study conducted by Orange in 2010 where the company studied 10 different mobile phones PCB assemblies This assessment was updated in 2015 with a world mix for GHG emissions of silicon wafer manufacturing and with up to date silicon die size for NAND memory see Appendix 7 3 G NAND flash memory capacity of the device GB a Do you have information about the NAND flash memory capacity Answer with Yes or No b If known enter the specific flash memory capacity in gigabytes GB Life cycle assessment of mobile phones electronic boards Orange 2010 VAIJA contact for further information samuli vaija orange com Page 33 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Note This information helps us to estimate the integrated circuit impacts if the silicon area question 10 isn t known Both questions 10 and 11 need to be answered even if the answer to 10 is Don t know but if an area value is given for question 10 then the proxy in question 11 is not used in the calculations It will however help improve the calculations of the tool Silicon chips dies in NAND integrated circuits are among the largest in mobile phones especially for high end models with more than 16GB of memory capacity That is the reason for why we are us
53. le requirements of the current EU REACH Directive current rortrictions on ure provirions for all markotr uhoro the product irrald Do printed circuit board laminator in the mobilo phone including packaqed accorrorior moot the Br and Clrortrictions 900 ppm maximum chlorine 900 ppm maximum bromine 1500 ppm maximum tatalhalaqenr ar por the requirements of IEC 61249 2 Door the mobilo phono battory moot the requirements of the current EU Battorior Directive including applicable oxclurians and oxomptionr Far all markotr uhoro manufacturorrrollthoir products z All chlorinated pal includi lyvinylehlorid Are the Followingrubrtancer abront from thir mobilo phone and all of the pec PYG dices edlichihereptocseuihens ALR matorialr including packaged accorrorior itirruppliod uith 0 4 CAS 9002 36 24 NOTE that abront roofers to a Maximum Concentration Value MOY foreach Shart chain SCCPr and medium chain MCCPr substance of 1000p pm 0 1 by ucighti by homoqenour material unless chlorinated paraffins pthoruirescesificd o q CAS 5535 34 3 amp CAS 35535 35 9 Antimany trioxide uhoro urodin conjunction with flame rotardantr CAS 1309 64 d Boryllium amp compounds 0 4 beryllium oxide 4 CAS 7440 41 7 CAS 1304 56 9 CAS 12223 40 9 CAS 7737 d 4 CAS 543 31 7 Bonzone amp compounds o 4q Hoxachlorabonzenc q CAS 71 43 2 CAS 113 74 1 Porchlorater o q ar uredinbattorior o q CAS
54. ltimedia Gaming Browsing Maps and transport For each function power consumptions were assessed with teardown data provided by Techlinsights it was found that the batteries had to be recharged on average 60 69 each day i e one charge every 1 65 days E Milliampere hour capacity of the battery mAh a Provide the milliampere hour capacity of the battery in mAh Voltage of the battery a Provide the voltage of the battery z Frequency of charging is used as proxy indicator a If the phone is non touchscreen we assume that users will charge it phone every other day Since smartphones use more energy we assume that users will charge it daily if it includes a touchscreen Note The environmental impact of the use phase emission varies depending on the type of mobile phone Minimum number of years of use Note Based on the average life cycle of mobile phones of 18 months which is the default contract length for most mobile plans we used a proxy of two years for the calculation of the user phase emission This will be reviewed over time and as pricing plans change Page 41 RS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 6 4 8 End of life emissions End of life emissions Assumption French scenario as an average for Europe Weight of assembled product and the charger 9 Weight of battery 9g Mobile weight excluding battery g Area of main printed wiring board cm2 Note There is no need t
55. lyurethane rigid foam Boustead hitp Ica plasticseurope org 2005 All materials painting powder based paint ee i POW Ecobilan study 1997 7 4 4 Modelling packaging and documentation It is assumed that packaging and documentation are composed of a fixed part paper and PE and a variable part cardboard The following secondary data is used PE low density LDPE film Boustead http Ica plasticseurope org 2005 BUWAL 1996 for models of cardboard Paper recycled without deinking 1996 production Cardboard 96 recycled grey BUWAL 1996 for models of cardboard 1996 board production Page 75 forum for www forumforthefuture org ing the future The Forum for the Future is a non profit company limited by guarantee and registered in England and Wales London New York Overseas House 33 Nassau Avenue 19 23 lronmonger Row 2nd Floor London Brooklyn NY EC1V 3QN 11222 UK USA Company No 2959712 Forum US is a fiscally sponsored VAT Reg No GB 162347319 project of Tides Center a 501 c 3 Charity No 1040519 non profit organization and the nation s largest fiscal sponsor forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Page 76 y
56. material depletion impact indicator is also Known as abiotic resources depletion Impact data for both indicators is summarised in an additional box in the tool TOTAL CO2 impact kg CO e 86 45 TOTAL RMD impact g Sb e 1 79 c Responsible design score Manufacturers are asked to answer a wide range of questions in order to assess the environmental and social sustainability of the phone throughout its life cycle much of which is down to the design of the device and its associated materials These questions include information on the extraction of raw materials and the production of the components used in the phone the substances of concern in the device and the efficiency of its packaging and transport The impact of using the phone and its disposal depend partially on customers behaviour but both of these can be positively influenced by the design of the phone and are assessed as well We also assess the sustainability benefits of the phone in the way that it helps customers lead more sustainable lives d Functionality moderator The sustainability impact of a mobile phone is not just in how it is made and what comes out of the box but also in how it is used and what sustainable changes it Page 14 3 2 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org enables in the user s life Arguably this indirect sustainability impact is far greater than the direct impact and its consideration also allows diffe
57. materials in comparison with the manufacturing of the screen PWBs integrated circuit and silicon chips Relative to the rest of the handset the impact of those components is proportional to their total mass Page 37 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model Charger weight Total mass of the two parts y a State whether or not you know the weight of the charger A b Enter the weight of the charger including the EPS and the cable Note The total mass of the charger is used as a proxy to calculate the impact of the production of the charger This impact has its strongest effect on the raw material indicator If the phone comes without a charger enter 0 into the weight specification field In this section you will only be penalised if the device comes with an additional charger However in the responsible design section you get extra reward for not providing an additional charger Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model 21 weight of documentation manuals leaflets flyers a State whether or not you know the weight of any additional manuals leaflets flyers etc b Enter the weight of the additional documentation in grams Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model 2 Weight of packaging a State whether or not you know the total weight of the phone s pack
58. mical substances and their potential impacts on both human health and the environment It is the strictest law to date regulating chemical substances and will affect industries throughout the world However it is not mandatory in all parts of the world so its inclusion here helps the Eco Rating drive higher standards globally Do printed circuit board laminates in the mobile phone including packaged accessories meet the Br and Cl restrictions 900 ppm maximum chlorine 900 ppm maximum bromine 1500 ppm maximum total halogens as per the requirements of IEC 61249 2 a Answer with Yes or No Note This standard covers materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures and is designed to limit the total concentrations of halogens The disposal usually by incineration of halogenated materials releases dioxins and furans which are highly toxic have been shown to accumulate in soil water and humans into the atmosphere Does the mobile phone battery meet the requirements of the current EU Batteries Directive including applicable exclusions and exemptions for all markets where manufacturers sell their products a Answer with Yes or No Note The directive aims at minimising the negative impacts of batteries and accumulators on the environment as well as harmonising requirements for the smooth functioning of the internal market To achieve these objectives the directive includes measures to pr
59. missions for truck transportation CO train GHG emissions for train transportation CO ship GHG emissions for ship transportation P s o _ and DEAM DEAM Ecoinvent and DEAM Ecoinvent and DEAM CO truck GHG emission for truck transportation CO sorting GHG emissions for WEEE ada Page 66 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future CO battery GHG emissions for battery treatment n a See Ecoinvent CO mobile GHG emissions for treatment phone in order to recover precious metals n a See Ecoinvent 7 3 Appendix 3 Modelling GHG emissions for the manufacturing of electronic components based on the silicon surface area Research by Orange has identified chip silicon surface as the most relevant parameter to estimate the GHG emissions for the manufacturing of electronic components present in the mobile phone For this study 10 mobile phones were disassembled and for each one the following items were assessed e Total surface of silicon dies in integrated circuits Stacked dies e g in NAND memory and wafer level chip scale package WLCSP were also taken into account e Total mass of integrated circuits The different types of packaging e g ball grid array dual quad flat no lead small outline package were also considered thanks to specific models available in EIME s database e Total mass of transistors diodes and surface mounted LEDs The different types of packaging e
60. n weight are due to changes in plastics weight The calculation is made as follows W a CODDE R 6 5 soldering 6 SnAgCu Poly carbonate Plastic a NB Subsystem one is the phone charger O OQ O OQ gt O O NO O O O e oe Co O O O NO O1 0 0 CO2zcharger m 0 647 x 78 0 647 x 12 x m 35 6 22 5 Page 73 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 7 4 2 Modelling the casing a Plastic casing It is assumed that plastic casings are composed of ABS 80 and PC 20 The following table presents the secondary data used for the model ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene LCA Plastique Europe 2005 EIME database Developer CODDE PC polycarbonate Primary sources Industrial data from two 2005 manufacturing sites in Asia Chemicals TPP triphenyl phosphate CRC Handbook of Lubrication and 1994 C18H1504P Tribology M P Marino vol 3 Painting solvent based paint European Ecolabel for Paint production 1997 Moulding by injection of thermoplastic CODDE Plastics Europe 1997 The emission factor for the manufacturing of plastic casings is 10 49 g COs eq per gram b Aluminium casing It is assumed that aluminium used in casings is 51 recycled The following table presents the secondary data used for the model Aluminium Al 51 Recycled CODDE study based on EAA report 2005 Non ferrous metals deep drawing Al ECODIS inventory by PE international 1999 N
61. nd elsewhere is post consumer recycled i e scrap content in Z O Do PCB laminates in the mobile phone including packaged accessories meet the Br and Cl restrictions 900 ppm maximum chlorine 900 ppm maximum bromine 1500 ppm maximum total halogens as per the requirements of IEC 61249 2 Is polyvinyl chloride PVC and its compounds PVC blends and Yes chloroprene rubbers contained in the device CAS 9002 86 2 Is polyvinyl chloride PVC and its compounds PVC blends and Yes chloroprene rubbers contained in the charger including cords USB cable or any other accessories CAS 9002 86 2 Are short chain SCCPs and medium chain MCCPs chlorinated Yes paraffins and their compounds contained in the device or all of the materials including packaged accessories e g CAS 85535 84 8 and CAS 85535 85 9 Is antimony Sb and its compounds contained in the device or all of the Yes materials including packaged accessories antimony trioxide Sb203 CAS 1309 64 4 antimony Sb CAS 7440 36 0 antimony trioxide Sb203 CAS 1309 64 4 Are other antimony compounds contained in the device or all of the Yes materials including packaged accessories e g CAS 545386 98 9 CAS 139598 41 7 CAS 127153 81 5 CAS 126426 74 2 CAS 89899 81 0 CAS 77824 44 3 Is beryllium Be and its compounds contained in the device or all of the Yes materials including packaged accessories beryllium Be CAS
62. nge of questions in order to assess the environmental and social impact of the phone throughout its life cycle It was created and launched in 2011 and has since been rolled out to more than a dozen countries lt was developed with the support of expert agencies Bureau Veritas CODDE and SKM Enviros Upon launch of the first version it received limited assurance by KPMG Sustainability Services Since then it has gone through multiple iterations of improvement based on input of stakeholder dialogues From the start of its eco rating program Vodafone has supported the ambition of one methodology for the whole handset industry which would provide more clarity to the customer and reduce the administrative burden on suppliers The company has been actively contributing to industry standardisation initiatives such as the working groups in the GSMA and ITU T For the development of Open Eco Rating V3 Vodafone has granted access to all of its eco rating intellectual property and learnings 2 3 2 Telefonica Telefonica s Eco Rating was launched in 2010 following a year of consultation with industry experts and device manufacturers Creation of the tool was coordinated by Forum for the Future Forum using detailed life cycle assessment data and principles coupled with manufacturer information and insights to develop a self assessment tool that addresses full sustainability impacts of a device It has been used by Telefonica to communicate with consum
63. o provide information in this section as the tool automatically generates the required data that has been provided in previous questions Note Benefits from recycling or energy recovery are not accounted for in this scenario due to a lack of reliable data which only takes into account direct impact from transportation and treatment processes You can find more detailed information on the end of life scenario in section 3 3 4 6 4 9 Raw material depletion impacts A study conducted by Orange revealed that gold silver tin and tantalum are the raw materials that create the biggest environmental impact during the production of a mobile phone Based on the weight of these raw materials contained in the mobile phone we can calculate the raw material depletion impact A study conducted by Orange revealed that gold silver tin indium and tantalum are the raw materials that create the biggest environmental impact during the production of a mobile phone Based on the weight of these raw materials contained in the mobile phone we can calculate the raw material depletion impact Page 42 forum for www forumforthefuture org N the future Raw material depletion impacts weight mg Total weight of gold contained in the device Tota weight of silver contained in the device Total weight of tin contained in the device Tota weight of tantalum contained in the device Total weight of indium contained in the device Total w
64. ohibit the marketing of certain batteries containing hazardous substances as well as guidance on how to establish ambitious battery collection and recycling schemes with quantified targets The directive sets out minimum rules for producer responsibility and provisions with regard to labelling of batteries and their removability from equipment 59 Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with all chlorinated polymers including polyvinylchloride PVC PVC blends and chloroprene rubbers a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Page 51 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org PVC and chloroprene rubbers are made from hazardous monomers that can contain toxic plasticisers and heavy metal stabilisers and can create dioxins if burnt at relatively low temperatures i e rather than high temperature incineration PVC is being considered for inclusion in a forthcoming revision of ROHS Q Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with short chain SCCPs and medium chain MCCPs chlorinated paraffins a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each subst
65. on ferrous metals rolled sheet production CODDE Study based on Ecoinvent 2005 Al data The emission factor for the manufacturing of aluminium casings is 7 91 g COz eq per gram c Steel casing The following table presents the secondary data used for the steel casings model Ecobilan Engineering judgement Steel stainless BUWAL 98 1996 Non ferrous metals deep drawing Steel ECODIS inventory by PE international 1999 Page 74 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Non ferrous metals rolled sheet CODDE Study based on Ecoinvent 2 production Al data de 7 4 3 Modelling the rest of the device Device components that are not modelled elsewhere are accounted for in the rest of the device The emission factor is 0 046 g COs eq per gram of device with the following secondary data used Steel stainless Ecobilan Engineering judgement BUWAL 1996 98 secondary steel ETH 96 chromium Ferrous metals bending steel ECODIS inventory by PE international 1999 Sisah elecioeaivaniced IISI International Iron and Steel Institute 1999 3 2002 http www worldsteel org Gummy membrane for keyboard Ecobilan study 1996 PP polypropylene moulded b ak P aed Boustead http Ica plasticseurope org 2005 injection PC polycarbonate moulded b ibe y Boustead http Ica plasticseurope org 2005 PMMA polymethylmethacrylate sheet Boustead http Ilca plasticseurope org 2005 PU po
66. onsumption co processor or can the main CPU s clock frequency be throttled down dynamic frequency scaling or can the main CPU s unused cores be switched to their lowest power mode be switched off when they re not used for mobile phones with multi core CPU a Answer with Yes or No Note The ability to use only as much of the central processing unit CPU as is needed for a task at any one time reduces the overall power consumption of the device Page 47 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org Does the CPU s architecture include L3 cache memory a Answer with Yes or No Note The L3 cache is usually built onto the motherboard between the main memory RAM and the L1 and L2 caches of the processor module This serves as internal data storage for processor commands and frequently used data It helps to prevent bottlenecks resulting from the fetching of these data from the main memory L3 cache memory adds extra memory capacity with better specifications e g access time latency transfer rate than SDRAM Therefore with similar processing performance a CPU with L3 cache memory can have a lower frequency thus a lower power consumption Is the mobile phone Bluetooth 4 2 compatible a Answer with Yes or No Note Bluetooth 4 2 is more power efficient then their successor and can reduce the overall power usage of the mobile phone during its usage Does the manu
67. ory Penalty value for Device i Explanation Category Si area mm Devices with NAND capacity lt 128 MB 112 92 Maximum NAND capacity for a feature phone Feature phone Devices with NAND capacity lt 512 MB 276 50 Maximum NAND capacity for an entry level smartphone Entry level smartphone Devices with NAND capacity lt 4 GB 431 13 One category with Si for NAND according to NAND capacity 4 or 8 z A z ae Mid range smartphone Devices with NAND capacity 8 GB 508 05 GB and maximum area for Si without NAND 340 39 mm Devices with NAND capacity lt 16 GB 1105 54 j rere inwin ity 16 32 ne category with Si for according to capaci ERA Ea Devices with NAND capacity lt 32 GB 1429 39 eny Ce j e High end smartphone i i or 64 GB and maximum area for Si without NAND 835 05 mm i Devices with NAND capacity lt 64 GB 1586 15 For example if the manufacturer doesn t answer the silicon dies area question 6 4 3 Electronic components manufacturing emissions and selects 32GB for NAND capacity the GWP impact for electronic components will be CO2zcomponents Ssi 0 0202 x 1429 39 0 142 29 02 kg eq CO2 When no answer is provided to both silicon area and flash memory capacity the maximum possible value for silicon die area is used i e 2001 mm see 7 1 1 Table 1 Default values The value would therefore be a GWP impact of 40 54 kg eq COs This high value is used for two reasons first the NAND capacity is
68. ow al personal data on fe device can be wiped e g at end of use Product a and life extension 28 How many years service warranty support are made available by the manufacturer where a sale presence is maintained after purchase a Enter the number of years of service support available for the device Note Prolonging product life is one of the most effective ways of reducing overall product environmental impact as it delays the need for a replacement and hence use of additional natural resources and carbon emissions Is this mobile phone ITU T L 1000 compliant a Answer with Yes or No Note This is a standard covering the universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile phones Incompatibility of chargers for mobile phones is a major environmental problem creating significant quantities of electronic waste Harmonising mobile phone chargers will bring significant economic and environmental benefits as consumers will not need to buy a new charger with every mobile phone Page 44 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org 40 Can the mobile phone be disassembled using standard tools to allow access to key components for repair or for reuse at end of life a Answer with Yes or No to each of the eight components listed Note This question is trying to establish how easily key components can be accessed through disassembly to allow repair or reuse Allowing access
69. r d the future www forumforthefuture org Area used for the surface of the display panel G Does this device have a secondary screen a Answer with Yes or No C Area of secondary screen cm a Enter the type of screen of the mobile phone selecting either touchscreen or non touchscreen b Fill in the areas of the main screen in cm 6 4 2 Printed Circuits Board PCB manufacturing emissions Printed Circuit Board PCB manufacturing emissions Does the device have this PCB Area of PCB 1 man board Area of PCB 2 Area of PCB 3 Area of PCB 4 Area om2 Type of PCa Number of layers Total area of other rigid and fexrigid combined POS Total area of other foxipie PCS Page 29 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org 4 OOQ Area of PCBs 1 4 a Provide the surface area of the main PCB PCB 2 PCB3 and PCB4 in cm where applicable Note The main PCB known as the mainboard holds many of the crucial electronic components of the system such as processors and memory The manufacturing of the PCB contributes to the depletion of raw material and to a lesser extent global warming Using the total area of the PCB gives an accurate proxy figure for modelling the total impacts of its manufacture together with an indication of number of components and is easily measurable b Provide the type of PCB selecting either Rigid or
70. r video conferencing capabilities between two or more people Page 59 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 87 Does this mobile phone replace the need for a digital compact camera by including a camera with a sensor with a diagonal larger than 1 2 22 inch a Answer with Yes or No Note This question assumes that if the mobile phone replaces the need for a digital compact camera it could reduce consumption by potentially replacing the purchase of a new compact camera Does this mobile phone include a real time navigational device e g satellite navigator a Answer with Yes or No Note This question assumes that if the mobile phone includes a real time navigational device it could reduce consumption by replacing the purchase of a new navigation device Q Does this mobile phone have a front facing camera for videoconferencing capabilities between two or more people a Answer with Yes or No Note This question assumes that if the mobile phone includes a front facing camera it potentially could reduce the need to travel to e g for business meetings Page 60 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 7 Appendices 71 Appendix 1 Default values 7 1 1 Table 1 Default values Default value How many screens are included in the product oe 0 0 p 2 What is the active area of screen one i e main screen in cm
71. rent types of phones to be fairly assessed alongside each other A smartphone for instance will almost always have a far greater direct sustainability impact than a simple feature phone simply because its size and complexity means it has far greater raw material and power consumption impacts However this added complexity also brings added indirect sustainability benefits which the feature phone may not have One set of additional benefits is covered by the questions in the functionality moderator which look at the ability of the device to replace the need for other ones This convergence of different devices in one package means that phones are increasingly replacing the need for a host of other devices which a consumer might previously want We do not assume that all of the devices listed will actually be replaced by each user but we do believe that if a function is needed by the user then they are less likely to buy an additional device to provide it if they have it in their mobile phone already The inclusion of GPS and satellite navigation capabilities in mobile phones for example caused a crisis in the sales and share price of previous in car navigation devices Similarly the way we share media means that the market for small digital cameras has collapsed now that the quality and improved sharing functionality is built into mobile phones Overall score Open Eco Rating V3 A collaborative initiative from Forum for the Futur
72. rinted materials from non petroleum based sources Polypropylene Polystyrene When not enforced by applicable regulation e g Safety legal regulation does this device come T a physical manual Packaging weight error indicator a No answer required Note This checks that the quantities of each packaging material by weight in grams add up to the same total as the weight given in Question 71 24 Are the printing inks used on all printed materials from non petroleum based sources a Answer with Yes or No Note Petroleum based printing inks not only come from non renewable sources fossil fuels but also release volatile organic compounds VOCs which reduce indoor air quality and can pose negative health risks The emissions per unit of packaging may be small but the use of petroleum based inks in the packaging manufacture may have much more serious impacts High quality non petroleum based inks are available that use natural organic materials 85 When not enforced by applicable regulation e g safety legal regulation does this device come without a physical manual either paper or on a CD a Answer with Yes or No Note Manuals are often redundant nowadays since the set up instructions are usually provided on the phones themselves during start up with electronic manuals available on the device itself or through links to online resources Removing manuals therefore saves resources and we
73. ron ore This helps to reduce global warming and create greater demand for steel scrap 54 What percentage of the plastic used in the mobile phone e g the case and elsewhere is post consumer recycled i e scrap content a Enter a value from 0 100 Note Substituting post consumer recycled plastic for virgin plastic saves energy and reduces emissions of global warming gases Does the mobile phone including packaged accessories meet the requirements of the current EU RoHS Directive provisions including applicable exclusions and exemptions a Answer with Yes or No Note The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive 2002 95 EC RoHS was adopted in February 2003 by the EU and restricts the use of lead Pb mercury Hg cadmium Cd hexavalent chromium Cr6 polybrominated biphenyls PBB and polybrominated diphenyl ether PBDE It is not mandatory in all parts of the world so its inclusion here helps the Eco Rating drive higher standards globally Does the mobile phone including packaged accessories meet all applicable s8 requirements of the current EU REACH Directive current restrictions on use provisions for all markets where the product is sold a Answer with Yes or No Page 50 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Registration Evaluation Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals REACH is an EU directive that addresses the production and use of che
74. ronic components in mg How many years service warranty support are made available by the manufacturer where a sale presence is maintained after purchase Z O Is this mobile phone ITU T L 1000 compliant This is a standard covering the universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile phones Does this mobile phone contain modular componentry for all of its components that allows the user to reconfigure the device as they choose Zz O Do you provide instructions to the user on the mobile phone on how contacts and other personal information can be transferred to a different phone or wiped e g at end of use Z O Can the mobile phone be disassembled by hand or using standard tools to allow access to key components for repair or for reuse at end of life Can the mobile phone be disassembled by hand or using standard tools to allow access to battery for repair or for reuse at end of life N O Fa O Can the mobile phone be disassembled by hand or using standard tools to allow access to the display LCD OLED or the touch screen capacitive resistive for repair or for reuse at end of life Can the mobile phone be disassembled by hand or using standard No tools to allow access to casing for repair or for reuse at end of life Z O Z Are the main electronic cards PWB or PCB repairable Does the phone pro actively advise in the manual or on the phone
75. s Having this information on the device itself makes this process easier and gives additional confidence that it has been done correctly 43 Do you provide instructions to the user on the mobile phone on how all personal data on the device can be wiped e g at end of life a Answer with Yes or No Note Being able to easily remove all personal data from an old phone to a new one gives the user confidence that none of their important personal history will remain on the device This should allow the old phone to be more readily reused Page 45 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org or recycled rather than kept for information insurance purposes hence reducing overall resource demands Having this information on the device itself makes this process easier and gives additional confidence that it has been done correctly Summary boxes Throughout the spread sheet are orange summary boxes that show the number of answers in the section that are missing the maximum points that were available and gained for the section and the overall score for the section If any answers are missing no score will be given for that section and there will be no final Eco Rating score given either The summary boxes also show the number of gate questions that have been failed These are critical questions where failure to meet the criterion e g being compliant with the European Union EU REACH Directive means
76. s ILCD Handbook requirements However instead of collecting the data in the tool and then requesting the assessment from a third party we have built the life cycle assessment calculation into the tool directly so that it provides the CO2 emission impacts and the raw material depletion impact automatically It also shows the Page 13 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future user precisely how and where these figures were calculated and so where changes could be made to improve them The LCA methodology used in Open Eco Rating V3 allows the comparison of mobile phones according to two environmental indicators 1 Global warming GW this indicator calculates the contribution to the warming of the atmosphere through the release of specific gases It is expressed in kilograms of COs using an equivalent for the warming potential of other gases based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change s methodology IPCC US 2007 2 Raw material depletion RMD This indicator calculates the depletion of natural resources It is taking into account the size of the resource reserves that meet specified minimum physical and chemical criteria related to current mining practice and the consumption rate of 2000 s economy It is expressed in grams of Sb antimony as if all resources were Sb using their depletion potential The methodology used is the CML2002 Van Oers et al 2002 used within indicator set Note The raw
77. s who have helped in the development of this tool or the previous ones that it has evolved from Blackberry Bureau Veritas CODDE GSMA HTC Huawei ITU T Working Group 5 LG Nokia Orange Samsung SKM Enviros Sony Mobile Telefonica and Vodafone Page 24 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future What would we like from you We want you to use the tool and help make it better over time by contributing your suggestions and expertise on the evolving sustainability issues in the sector Some additional reasons for you to use it are It is free to use and always will be The intellectual property is owned by a not for profit organisation whose primary charitable purpose will only be met by keeping the tool perpetually open and free to use by all It helps consumers make an informed choice by providing a consistent assessment for devices across networks and geographies No one actively wants mobile phones to be less sustainable with the problems that brings in consumer boycotts disrupted supply chains rising costs of materials etc All being equal consumers would generally prefer a more sustainable device to a less sustainable one but few are actively making sustainability a key part of their primary selection criteria At the same time they are expecting networks and manufacturers to take the lead for them in driving social and environmental best practice It simplifies complexity for manufacturers by reducing the n
78. scores across each of the assessment sections Page 26 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org 6 3 LCA basics sheet 6 3 1 General tips and recommendations e Many tool questions have scroll down tabs where you can choose from several default options and fill in fields for more specific data Where this isn t the case the tool specifies the measuring unit the data needs to be provided in i e cm See below Printed Circuit Board PCB manufacturing emissions x Area em Type of PCB Number of layers Does the device have this PCB Area of PCB 1 main board Area of PCB 2 Area of PCB 3 Area of PCB 4 Total area of other rigid and flexfrigid combined PCB Total area of other flexible PCB e The tool also provides a comment box for any additional information you want to provide Based on the answers you fill in the tool automatically calculates the COz emissions in COze cm and in COz impact in grams for each category as below kg CO2e 43 52 45 Please provide comments or support your answer with evidence Data gCOze mem zas CO2 impact g 486 9 21 331 09 e Pay attention to the units of assessment o Weight 9g o Surface area cm o Energy mW o Time min or hours e The value that you fill in for each parameter is limited by a minimum and a maximum boundary The boundaries provide a measure of control over accidentally entering the wrong data and ha
79. sinend ate eria a laa a E ae 26 Page 3 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 6 4 2 Printed Circuits Board PCB Manufacturing EMISSIONS cccccccceeeeeeceeeceeeseeeeeeceaeeeeeeeesseaceeseeessaaeeesees 27 6 4 3 Electronic components manufacturing EMISSIONS 0 cccceeeeeee cece eee tenet eee eee a eee eee ce aaa eeeeeesaaaaeeeeeessaaaeeeees 29 6 4 4 Camera manufacturing emissions wivssicivdesaia veresdarsvenysannca shcnedaessieansnnreddavandndaida ieuseedanendedntitensaawasbasadeeceiiopoansen 31 6 4 5 Rest of device manufacturing EMISSIONS ccc ee eee eee ee nee e eee eed eres ee eaaaeeeeeeeeaaaaees 33 6 4 6 Transponalion CITI S SIONS eessen e a e dE a a a a e a 36 6 4 7 Use phase CUMS UNS esris ar EEE E ESEESE contol EEE E aer A AKERE E a E rene an 37 6 4 8 Ena of MIT emissions ciate ered cc aheeee yarn aia aa a cates EE a aP Ea 39 6 4 9 Raw material depletion impacts cau csite cca aicsscptvswaccemuncenes wadanan ised steuenc tt ttn rttr eSEE rE SEEE veuangaauedaiite wadandunsuddedendesaudwes 39 6 5 Bee DE Ce IONO E eir ERE E EEE 44 6 5 1 Product durability repairability and serviceability ccccccecececeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeecaeeeeseeeeeeseaeeeeesaaeeeesnaneeees 44 6 5 2 Power conservation ecceri neei e e a a eaa a a e a a 46 6 5 3 Sustainable materials eses riarena ia eieaa aoa Eea AEN NENA aR EEAS Ea 49 6 5 4 Packaging and logistics efficiency 2 2 ee cece ee cece cece ee eeee ee
80. t different elements of the phone How you use and communicate this information both internally and externally is up to you It could simply form a part of your procurement process to help inform you of the sustainability of your portfolio or you could choose to use it to communicate with customers as well for instance by e Showing the Eco Rating score for each device at point of sale e Only highlighting devices with superior Eco Rating scores using thresholds which indicate _bronze silver gold platinum levels of performance e Communicating other issues of interest alongside the Eco Rating score such as carbon footprint recycled content conflict mineral management or any one of a number of other issues It is the responsibility of any company using Open Eco Rating V3 to apply the process in the correct way including maintaining the confidentiality of the data submitted by the supplier and the integrity of the scheme as a whole as well as the communication of the device scores For more information and to discuss usage of the tool or examples of how others are using the tool email ecorating forumforthefuture org The future of the scheme The assessment has widespread support from manufacturers and networks already It has been developed in close collaboration with many stakeholders and has been revised again following expert feedback from the ITU T Working Group 5 on standardisation of global eco ratings Forum is c
81. teed 7 2 3 The nor ar S 8 2 3 1 INN a eni E E E E ee ect eee eae 8 2 3 2 KIETOO E e E E EEE EE E E E emecneretneneetnans 8 2 3 3 GOM ASSOCIAUGI elas cs ese eater d otsduinecisats e ia eaa ie a a minnie car uianwnasbacand 8 2 3 4 International Telecommunication Union ITU cccccceeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeseeaeeeeseeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeaeseeseaeeeeesaaees 10 2 3 5 MAIN IO saat seep ape cctseseeie cts tea eaevigai spies tre A asa ad catdee romaine nie eetrcea rbossaniebeae 12 3 OO Oa ansins aakitin naa 13 3 1 D E omen ent itaprcrr non nemeem mtr en hon Pekan MateneNcrreaeer nen mr en ry 13 a Corporate SCOr e eee 13 b Life Cycle Assessment LCA SCOPEC c ccccseeccececcseeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeceeuseeeeeeesseeaeeeeeesseesaeeeeeesesaseseeeesseaseeeeeeessaseeeeeenens 13 G Responsible design SCOT isc se caecce ourndy ste aiicctesnenbasuedede sheaies nccacatndardeahincasbexncenedandacteaaies stakdaunde secanaceshavuceantadnedaetetincudaamdes 14 d F ncionalty FAO CS AU OM sic wesc tle ahve EE wade wa eidh ati REESE EEE REESS ean auld atta E HEEE ESERE ORE NETANA ESSES NESE 14 3 2 csc cose sane a ra ccc selec E A sere sess eget 15 3 2 1 Absolute and normalised SCOPES ccccesecccceesseeeceeeeeeeeeeseeecseeeeceeesaeeeeseeseeeeseasecesseuseesssaeeeeessaeeeessaseeensanses 16 3 2 2 Data Sources for the CalCUlatiOn ccccccccseeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeseeeeeeeseaaeeeseaaeeeessaneeeeeaaeeeseneneeees 16 3 3 Clie w
82. the device automatically fails the minimum acceptability test and will not get an Eco Rating score Gate questions are rare in the assessment and are usually included to encourage an improvement of standards in global markets for instance by including the EU REACH Directive requirement encourages a basic minimum standard globally even in areas where REACH is not mandatory 6 5 2 Power conservation B Power conservation Does the phone pro actively advise in the manual or on the phone display on sustainable phone usage to reduce energy use Does the mobile phone include a feature that lowers it s power consumption by Switching off all background running applications and non used network connections and reduces the screen s brightness and standby time with one single action Is the mobile phone able to use H 265 HEVC codec in order to encode and decode video Does the mobile phone include a low power consumption co Processor can the main CPU s clock frequency be throttled down dynamic frequency scaling or can the main CPU s unused cores be switched to their lowest power mode be switched off when they re not used for mobile phones with multi core CPU Does the CPU s architecture include L3 cache memory ls the mobile phone Bluetooth 4 2 compatible Does the manufacturer specified external power supply meet the ITU T L 1000 requirements for energy efficiency a no load power consumption below 0 15 W OCCO Page 46
83. the future ES for um for www forumforthefuture org 45 Does the phone proactively advise in the manual or on the phone display on sustainable phone usage to reduce energy use a Answer with Yes or No Note Phone energy use is closely related to transfer of large amounts of data such as constantly updating email accounts or operating certain web based apps e g for maps and navigation Bluetooth and Wi Fi also use a lot of energy This means that the battery has to be recharged more frequently which in turn means it has a shorter life Providing guidance helps users to manage energy use better 4s Does the mobile phone include a feature which lowers the mobile phone s power consumption by switching off all background running applications and non used network connections and reduces the screen s brightness and standby time with one single action a Answer with Yes or No Note These are features that lower the mobile phone s power consumption and improve energy efficiency during the usage phase 47 Is the mobile phone able to use H 265 HEVC codec in order to encode and decode video a Answer with Yes or No Note H 265 HEVC is a video compression standard that provides substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate as its processor H 264 MPEG 4 AVC and therefore reduces the overall energy usage of the phone a8 Does the mobile phone include a low power c
84. thefuture org the future Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with benzene and compounds e g hexachlorobenzene a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Benzene increases the risk of cancer and bone marrow failure Q Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with perchlorates e g as used in batteries a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Perchlorate in large amounts interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland In adults the thyroid gland helps regulate the metabolism by releasing hormones while in children the thyroid assists in proper development Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with perfluoro octane sulfonates PFOS and Perfluoro octanic acids PFOA a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum combined concentration value of 10ppm in all cases by homogenous material PFOS has been restricted less than 0 001 by weight for some time
85. ther What is the share of recycled or FSC or PEFC of cardboard used in Are the printing inks used on all printed materials from non petroleum No based sources When not enforced by applicable regulation e g safety legal regulation does this device come without a physical manual either paper or on a CD Zz O O Does this mobile phone replace the need for a digital compact camera by including a camera with a sensor with a diagonal larger than 1 2 33 inch Page 64 forum for the future www forumforthefuture org Does this mobile phone include a real time navigational device e g satellite navigation Does this mobile phone have a front facing camera for videoconferencing capabilities between two or more people 7 2 Appendix 2 Secondary data sources models and assumptions 7 2 1 Table 1 Semi specific data Screens PCBs Electronic components Casings average composition of plastic casings Battery Charger average composition of charger Rest of the device average composition of the rest of the device Packaging and documentation 7 2 2 Table 2 Secondary data CO display GHG emissions for the manufacturing of one cm of LCD screen GHG emissions for the manufacturing of one cm of touch screen Printed circuit boards COs rigid n GHG emissions for the CO flex manufacturing of one cm of printed circuit board depending on the number of layers and the typ
86. tion BFRs are being considered for inclusion in a forthcoming revision of ROHS Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with other chlorinated and halogenated hydrocarbons a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material This restriction refers to substances such as toluene xylenes and trichloroethylene which have serious health and or eco toxic effects Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with nickel where used in surface parts in contact with the skin a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a maximum concentration value MCV for each substance of 1000ppm 0 1 by weight by homogenous material Sensitised individuals may show an allergy to nickel affecting their skin also known as dermatitis The amount of nickel allowed in products that come into contact with human skin is regulated by the EU Page 54 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future 7 Are the following substances absent from this mobile phone and all of the materials including packaged accessories it is supplied with other antimony compounds a Answer with Yes or No Note Absent refers to a
87. to calculate the manufacturing impacts of that component The COz impact of steel is 4 07g COs eq per gram Table 2 of Appendix 2 presents the secondary data used for the model Default value If you don t know the answer the tool will assume the worst case scenario The reason why we are so harsh in this case is that we think it s the manufacturer s responsibility and a hygiene factor to know about this data The default values used are listed in Appendix 1 Battery weight a State whether or not you know the weight of the battery b Provide the weight of the battery in grams Note The total mass of the battery is used as a proxy to calculate the impact of its production This item has its strongest effect on the global warming indicator Weight of rest of the device excluding casing and battery a State whether or not you know the weight of the rest of the handset b Enter the weight excluding charger and battery in grams Note The mass of the handset allows evaluating the impacts of the manufacturing of all the handset components In this section we account for all other components that haven t been captured by the questions above display touch screen PCB battery electronic components silicon chip die area conversion casing The rest of the device includes components such as screws gaskets joints etc The manufacturing of those components has a lesser impact on the global warming potential and the depletion of raw
88. um for www forumforthefuture org the future Key principles Open Eco Rating V3 is based on a number of key principles Accuracy it must give the right answer It has been tested with many device manufacturers to ensure that its results are in line with their own in house assessments and also fits with their understanding of where their devices sit relative to those of their competitors Simplicity it must be easy to complete the assessment in order to get people to do so All the questions either ask for a simple number a yes no answer or selecting one of a few basic options There are no open ended questions which could be open to interpretation Once a manufacturer is familiar with the tool it can be completed in as little as 30 minutes Completeness it must ask all the questions that are relevant to understanding the total sustainability of a device It doesn t just look at part of the picture This completeness means that it is compatible with most if not all other schemes out there It will provide the total Eco Rating score but if a network only wants to use a sub set of the questions or issues then these results can also be extracted Transparency it must be self contained so that no third party can change the conditions of use of the tool and so the results of the assessment are presented within the tool as soon as all of the questions have been answered This is essential for driving innovation and change
89. umber of different assessments that they need to complete Many of the devices you range will already have been assessed by this tool for one of the many other networks that use it so most of the data you need is available to you already This tool and the ones it has been developed from has been used by manufacturers for four years and so there is already widespread understanding and expertise on how to use it It provides a robust platform for driving sustainable innovation across the entire sector Driving change across a sector is faster when the sector is clear about where it needs to go The more networks use the tool the more the manufacturers have a clear direction to move in with confidence that making sustainable changes will be rewarded in recognition and support Page 25 ES forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Completing the questionnaire 6 2 Introduction The tool is a self contained Microsoft Excel workbook Keeping it self contained was important to ensure that no additional calculations or assessments by third parties were needed to give an Eco Rating score for a device Without this ability it is harder for device manufacturers to understand the relative importance of one sustainability measure over another or to understand how making changes to a device would affect its sustainability Excel is not the most sophisticated programme to use but it was chosen because of its simplicity and transp
90. umes the tool calculates the void space which is a measure of the emptiness of the packaging Minimising the void space wherever possible will increase the amount of product that can be fitted into a load during the transport phase and therefore reduce associated emissions Weight in grams Enter O if not applicable Where more than one material type is used inclucing different plastic polymers are these material types fully separable into recyclable materal streams at enc of ife Le they are not bonded or laminated 1 Paper and card content is ths maternal from a Forest Stewardship Counci Sustanable Forestry Initiative or equivalent certified sustainable source er ts ths matenal marked with the mermatonally recognised paper recycing symbol Weight in grams Enter 0 if not applicable Recycled content 2 Plastic comert is ths matenal marked with the mermabonally recognised recycling symbol for the polymer type according to ISO 11469 20007 3 Other matenals Weight in grams Enter 0 if not applicable Where more than one material type is used including different plastic polymers are these material types fully separable into recyclable material streams at end of life i e they are not bonded or laminated a Answer with Yes or No Choose 1 material type only if only one material type is used Note Recyclability of pa
91. urrently acting as the hub for on going development and will continue to collate feedback and development suggestions to strengthen the tool as technology and sustainability issues develop Page 22 the future BS forum for www forumforthefuture org As more networks join the scheme this document will help explain how the tool works the rationale behind each question and give guidance on the way the questions should be answered As explained above the tool is self contained so there is no need or obligation for networks to do any more than use it as they wish However Forum will continue to act as a hub for on going feedback and revisions making any necessary changes and supplying the updated tool to all network users so that the standardisation goal of the scheme is maintained The scheme will be continually evaluated to ensure the questions are relevant and fair the aim is to make the criteria tougher in time in order to drive better performance and reflect progress in technology Users of the Eco Rating tool are encouraged to suggest changes and improvements which are then co ordinated by Forum to manage version control of the tool In addition Forum will hold periodic stakeholder briefings to bring stakeholders and users together Feedback and inquiries may be sent to ecorating forumforthefuture org Page 23 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future Thanks Our thanks go to the following organisation
92. ve been set based on the realities of the market However the market changes so if you device genuinely falls outside of the parameter scope please contact us at ecorating forumforthefuture org to let us know Page 27 forum for www forumforthefuture org the future e Where not known is selected for an answer you will be automatically scored using the default maximum value to provide the worst probable case for these criteria 6 4 LCA basics questions 6 4 1 Screen manufacturing emissions Screen manufacturing emissions Type of screen Area of the main screen cm2 Does this device have a secondary screen Area of secondary screen cm2 Area and type of main screen a Enter the type of screen of the mobile phone selecting either touchscreen or non touchscreen Note Display manufacturing contributes a significant proportion of the total handset manufacturing phase impacts Touchscreens have a higher impact than non touchscreens do b Fill in the areas of the main screen in cm Note Using the total active area of the screen gives an accurate proxy figure for modelling the total impacts of the screen and is easily measurable Only include the active surface of the display panel i e light emitting or touch sensitive The active area in the figure below is marked in blue Remember to provide the area in cm not diagonal size or number of pixels Page 28 forum fo
93. vements to drive greater change across the sector Open Eco Rating V3 takes a significant step towards a more harmonised market standard for product ratings and with the open LCA is more transparent than previous versions or other assessments on offer In the future we hope to engage more network operators and manufacturers to use the tool so that the task of reporting mobile phone impacts is even easier and more robust and consumers are even better positioned to make informed purchase decisions Page 5 BS forum for www forumforthefuture org the future The purpose of the scheme Background Consumers increasingly want to know the sustainability credentials of their purchases This extends to the electronic mobile devices that they use not least because of the strong personal connection to them Mobile phone manufacturers have reported sustainability credentials of their devices for a while some for a very long time but the lack of comparability between approaches has prevented consumers from clearly comparing one device against another More recently mobile network operators have developed eco rating schemes that allow standardised comparison of handsets However while devices within network line ups are now comparable their ratings can t be compared to devices on other networks because each rating has been developed independently Given that these schemes have been developed in part to reduce consumer

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