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Bux Bitz and Bytez - hamradio modulation types on compact disc

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1. In figures 3 4 5 6 and 7 I ve drawn several full blown interface drawings and diagrams for specific makes and model transceivers Please notice that in most of the diagrams I ve use transformer coupling for both transmit and receive audio paths signals In addition I ve used opto coupling devices to further isolate and prevent any RF from reaching the transceiver input or the sound card LINE IN or LINE OUT ports http www packetradio com bbbb htm 6 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez Figure 3 BUF REE SOUND CARDO LINE IN Patch OUT RING NOT USE polled ad RO A Jack auno CABLG RING NOT USED ie 3 P E SOUND CAR P atch In Seen RC A Jack ana eae BUF MRGKE l ermene E ERA REET fe wae SenalcP TT 08 25 Comport PHOTOTRANSIST OR L iD obme in J Deo FEMALE ana 4 aP IT i 18 883 8 Lo sd ROM af foo Za g Dk ce ee rA m RC A Jack Ys aT dH OP TOCOUPLER eee starting point go into the sound card parameters andset LINE OUT haf open and set UNE IN half open Ten Tec OMNI series Patch IN Patch QUT and PTT ports to F Sound Card for PSKS1 mode If you are taking the constant level output of audio from your transceiver and driving the sound card then you can rest assured you need to be very critical of levels into the sound card Read your transceiver manual as it should tell what the levels are at the various inputs and output jacks READY SET PSK3
2. same levels as the hard keyed system There is a similar line of reasoning on the receive side The equivalent to hard keying on the receive side is a BPSK receiver which opens a gate at the start of a bit collects and stores all the received signal and noise during the bit and then snaps the gate shut at the end This process gives rise to the receive side equivalent of key clicks namely side lobes on the receiver pass band So although this integrate and dump method is 100 efficient in the task of sorting out signal from noise it will only reject signals by 10dB at 3 times the baud rate wide and so on the same spurious rejection figures that we got as spurious emission figures for the transmit side The PSK31 receiver overcomes this by filtering the receive signal or by what amounts to the same thing shaping the envelope of the received bit The shape is more complex than the cosine shape used in the transmitter if we used a cosine in the receiver we end up with some signal from one received bit spreading into the next bit an inevitable result of cascading two filters which are each already spread by one bit The more complex shape in the receiver overcomes this by shaping 4 bits at a time and compensating for this inter symbol interference but the end result is a pass band that is at least 64dB down at 31 Hz and beyond and doesn t introduce any inter symbol interference when receiving a cosine shaped transmission Contact I
3. be called into play with just the click of your mouse DigiPan uses digital signal processing DSP to do all these features and then decode the resulting PSK31 sounds into characters on the receive screen The display shown at photo A is how a typical DigiPan spectrum panoramic waterfall window appears A bright yellow bar with the diamond shaped cursor in it is a PSK31 station To the left and right of the station select cursor are other PSK31 stations Some appear weaker and others will display brighter which indicates stronger signals Although some signals in the display appear weak they will still print perfect copy In many cases I ve clicked on almost invisible streaks on the DigiPan 1 2 display and printed perfect text The most recent receive signals are displayed at the top of the DigiPan 1 2 waterfall display To the right of the cursor is another PSK31 station that is almost too weak to copy To tune and receive any of these stations it is only necessary to point to the station signal with the mouse and click The diamond shaped cursor will jump immediately to the center of the station signal and the text from the station will begin to appear on screen in the receive window During an idle moment you can read the IMD of the selected station on the lower feature bar in DigiPan The IMD reading of the station displayed in photo A is minus 23 5 A good signal and ideal IMD according to DigiPan Other sections of the DigiPa
4. blackcatsystems com software multimode html And Just in case I ve not provided you with enough PSK31 fodder here in BUX Bitz Bytez and Baudz then have a look at http www packetradio com psk31 htm Have fun communicating via PSK31 73 de Buck Rogers K4ABT Visit www packetradio com or www amateuradio org Sound Blaster 16 and progressive releases of Sound Blaster are trademark s of Creative Labs rr wtsts CSOSOSOSOSOSOSCSsSCsisSCSCsC C C CONC CNCC 0 EMAIL BucK4ABT at k4abt packetradio com Web Page Design and HTML By G E Buck Rogers Sr K4ABT d b a BUX CommCo amp Copyright 1996 2000 All Rights Reserved Back to the PSK31 Interface Home Page http www packetradio com bbbb htm 13 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09
5. 1 Because I am most familiar with the DigiPan 1 2 PSK31 software I will use it as a reference during my explanation for setting up the transceiver and sound card levels First we ll set the soundcard output level to approximately one third to half scale click the speaker symbol on the Windows taskbar Connect a dummy load to the transceiver antenna output and click on the DigiPan TX menu button http www packetradio com bbbb htm 7 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez SOUND CARD RHE BUR Fii Ri ES 1k 2 ohm I TOEATERNAL Hite F 5 RING HOT USED SLEEVE DEL AUDIO CABLE RING NOT USED 4 00 ohms co MPA 25K POT SOUND CARD LINE OUT ae 11H41 4 or 1NO14 ALINCO or KENWOOD HF TRANSCEIVER WITH 8 PIN MICROPHONE PORT Figure 4 HC P MC PYAE BUX FMRE KG PHOTOTRANSISTOR PS 2601 or 4425 Opto C oupler Next let s make sure we have our transceiver set for LSB lower side band operation and the AGC set for Slow recovery We re now set to begin our on the air dummy load setup The easiest way to perform this one time procedure is to set the transceiver frequency to 14073 000 Set the DigiPan View Frequency Display selection to LSB and the Configure Spectrum Start see Photo D frequency to 14073 000 Notice the graduation of the frequency is 14069 to 14073 left to right Using your favorite watt meter and dummy load connec
6. 14 As a starting point go into the sound card parameters and set LINE OUT half open and set LINE IN half open YAESU FT fb amp Fl b4 3 5 mm Data O to PO Sound Card for Psk31 mode a zk 2200 ohms Figure 6 MixW32 Now if you re searching for a Windows 95 98 or NT program that will put your Sound Card through its paces go to http tav kiev ua nick mixw mixw htm and look into MixW32 written by Nick Fedoseev UT2UZ MixW32 stands for a Mixture of different modes for HAM Radio MixW32 doesn t require a TNC to operate and the only requirement is that you have a computer with a compatible soundcard installed along with a Windows operating system It supports PSK31 BPSK and QPSK and a new mode named FSK31 Nick has another commercial version Rev 1 37 that also offers Pactor Rx VHF HF Packet Rx and Tx with keying interface CW Tx and Rx Nick s homepage is at http tav kiev ua nick my_ham_soft htm http www packetradio com bbbb htm 11 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez BOO to 600 ohms Receve Audio ay Ur SHIELDED EERS AUDIO CABLE oy prepa oi AKT 25K 4700 chris P SOUAG CARD LINE IHY RING KO T USE RING HG T USE TIP eid OF to ng SOUND CARD UNE OUT Transmit Audio COM TRANSCEIVERS 6 pin DIN ACCI1 TO RPC Sound Cara ce 12 725 1C 726 C 735 C 7 37 1C 746 1C 756 IC 760 1C 764 IC 775 1C 761 IC 820 t S IC O70 etc 1C 275
7. Bux Bitz and Bytez BUX Bitz Bytez and Baudz By Buck Rogers K4ABT IT S A RAVE To speak of it any other way or in any manner other than Its a rave would be understating its presence and impact on the world of hobby communications PSK31 is sweeping through the SWL and Amateur Radio ranks like a brushfire Not since the early days of FM repeaters has any mode inspired so much interest in HAM radio and short wave radio monitoring than PSK31 If you have a short wave receiver that supports single sideband reception and a PC 486 100 MHz or above equipped with a Creative Labs compatible SoundBlaster SB16 or later sound card then you have the ingredients to receive PSK31 a SLEEWE S516 Sound Card LINE IM 3 5 MM Stereo SLEEVE 3 5 hh Mona Shielded Audio Cable or Wono to Stereo cable ie oan Coca copen o To External Speaker 3 5 mm RING NOT USED TIF B 5016 Sound Card LINE I Shae 3 5 Ml 1k ohm io ohm 3 5 MM Stereo e EEYVE iiaei TE SHIELD if Mid i TOE sternal Speak er TIP FERRITE BEAD RING MOT USED BUMEMRAKS 1000 ohm to amp ahm laolation transtormer Figure 1 At figure one I ve drawn a very simple and basic interface diagram that makes receiving PSK31 easy for anyone with the two basic items I ve listed above You ll need the FREE software which FII talk about later in the text but first need to explain what PSK371 is What is PS
8. IC 375 10 575 IC 721 1C 732 IC 723 IC 729 C 736 IC 780 F 4H25 OFTOCOUFLER fit PHOTOTRANSISTOR 1HH of 1914 gt Push To Talk PTT DBO FEMALE TO UNUSED SERIAL PORT 3 4 RADIO SHIELDGND Figure 7 WinPSK There is a new version of WinPSK by Moe AE4JY It adds two interesting features the first is a new user interface that favors the disabled ham who cannot use a mouse but through the use of the function keys and Macros it s a snap to use The second one that Moe has produced has a PSkKCORE DLL that is available in binary along with instructions You can go to Moe s page at http www gqsl net ae4jy I keep a copy of the Moe s user manual in pdf format and his technical supplement close by It is a must plus a real pleasure to read Here you can learn both implementation details and the theory and operation of PSK31 Zakanaka Yes it is called Zakanaka It now employs a waterfall type display As understand the PSK31 code has been made available as a standalone program So far I ve not been able to obtain a copy of Zakanaka written by Bob Furzer K4CY Linux Amateur and PSK31 linux applications can be found at ftp metalab unc edu pub Linux apps ham http www packetradio com bbbb htm 12 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez Macintosh There is a shareware program called Multimode by Chris N3JLY It enables PSK31 operation for the Macintosh user Goto http www
9. K31 As the name implies PSK phase shift keying modulates the phase of a carrier and the number 31 references the actual bandwidth 31 Hz occupied by the PSK31 signal The software that implements PSK31 with a Windows PC and soundcard is a program written and developed by Peter Martinez G3PLX Two of the most significant features that make this the ideal mode for digital communications is the extremely narrow band width and the fact that it is highly immune to noise and QRM Up front phase modulation has more advantages than morse code CW CW uses amplitude On Off keying In a noisy or distorted propagation environment the amplitude of a signal will shift and vary much more than the phase of a signal When compared to CW PSK31 is a much more resourceful and robust operating mode http www packetradio com bbbb htm 1 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez The baud rate used by PSK31 is 31 25 baud This is fast enough to handle most operators manual typing capabilities a speed of about 50 words per minute It is intended as a means of keyboard to keyboard communication between two or more operators oh happy day we re talking to each other again using a very small amount of frequency spectrum By comparing the small bandwidth of PSK31 and measuring its gain against a CW filter of 500 Hz 10 log 500 31 dB 12 dB quickly reveals that a CW transmitter must put out 15 to 18 times more power than a PSK31 trans
10. alance Balance alice PTR Oe hte RI ETRA ETA L F hura 5B16 Mirer 220 RE Ea Fan help precz A H Sq AFC e502He MO BPSK MODAN HN S7 E Ei se oy BoM Sot Ana Photo C Similarly you can use the DigiPan II configure Icon on the task bar and select Spectrum Drive Photo C to set the receive level to the sound card LINE IN While we re discussing sound card I O levels in case of feedback usually motorboating which may be caused by the common ground of the soundcard input and output MUTE the line in ON THE VOLUME CONTROL panel under Windows or in DigiPan configure transmit check Mute This change will stop the sound in your PC speakers but it may also stop the motor boating of your PSK31 transmit signal Let me say it again in another way so the message is well understood The Microphone and Line inputs on the Volume Control panel controls the SOUND to the speakers not the spectral display and muting these inputs will render no sound receive from the computer speakers but the transceiver speaker can still be used to audibly monitor the PSK31 signal if you so desire If you are using the external speaker jack for receive audio to the sound card then a 3 5 MM plug and two jack splitter may be required to feed both an external speaker and the sound card This is because the internal transceiver speaker will be muted by the closed circuit opened jack LET S GET BUSY
11. at are TWICE AS BAD as http www packetradio com bbbb htm 3 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez on off keying all other things being equal So if we use computer logic to key a BPSK modulator such as an exclusive or gate at 31 baud the emission would be extremely broad In fact it would be about 3 times the baudrate wide at 10dB down 5 times at 14dB down 7 times at 17dB down and so on the squarewave Fourier series in fact The solution is to filter the output or to shape the envelope amplitude of each bit which amounts to the same thing In PSK31 a cosine shape is used To see what this does to the waveform and the spectrum consider transmitting a sequence of continuous polarity reversals at 31 baud With cosine shaping the envelope ends up looking like full wave rectified 31Hz AC This not only looks like a two tone test signal it JS a two tone test signal and the spectrum consists of two pure tones at 15Hz from the center and no splatter Like the two tone and unlike FSK however if we pass this through a transmitter we get inter modulation products if it is not linear so we DO need to be careful not to overdrive the audio However even the worst linear will give third order products of 25dB at 47Hz 3 times the baud rate wide and fifth order products of 35dB at 78Hz 5 times the baud rate wide a considerable improvement over the hard keying case If we infinitely overdrive the linear we are back to the
12. ft a gap in the person to person communication field and PSK31 is an attempt to remedy this situation with a simple but efficient code structure coupled with the narrowest possible bandwidth and with only enough error correction to match typical typing error rates and with no time consuming synchronization changeover and ARQ processes The 31 baud BPSK modulation system used in PSK31 was introduced by SP9VRC in his SEOWBPSK program Instead of the traditional frequency shift keying the information is transmitted by patterns of polarity reversals sometimes called 180 degree phase shifts This process can be thought of as equivalent to sending information by swapping over the two wires to the antenna although of course the keying is more usually done back in the audio input into the transceiver A well designed PSK system will give better results than the conventional FSK systems that amateurs have been using for years and is potentially capable of operation in much narrower bandwidths than FSK The 31 baud data rate was chosen so that the system will handle hand sent typed text easily There is a problem with PSK keying which doesn t show up with FSK and that is the effect of key clicks We can get away with hard FSK keying at moderate baud rates without generating too much splatter but polarity reversals are equivalent to simultaneous switching off of one transmitter and switching on of another one in anti phase the result being key clicks th
13. mitter just to achieve the same signal to noise ratio at the receiving station This is the reason the PSK31 operating mode has gained so much popularity in such a very short period The end result is that a PSK31 station can operate with reduced power and smaller antenna installations As an example My 20 meter 14 073 MHz antenna is located in the attic of my garage about 14 feet above ground and my DX70H runs around 35 watts output Now comes the real tease just for the DX hounds among us In the last three months ve work over 75 countries and each morning I spot a new one that I have not yet worked It gets better For some reason I think it s because PSK31 is so much fun Pm finding more DX stations on PSK31 than I ve ever encountered on SSB and other modes combined At any given moment day or night it appears that 20 meters is always open Twenty meters is not the only band that has PSK31 activity but it is a good place to start when you first begin operating PSK31 AND IT S ALMOST FREE When the prospective PSK31 user discovers PSK31 for the first time a look of both extreme pleasure and amazed disbelief appears on their face WOW we ve just discovered a mode that is so much fun yet it s almost FREE After a few days of operating PSK31 the internet becomes obscured in the mist of all the fun we re having doing PSK31 Nope we don t have to purchase a special terminal controller no special radi
14. n screen are devoted to buttons to control the functions of DigiPan and select keys for the activation of a large number macros The text button on the task bar enables the operator to choose any number of text files to send including the familiar BRAG TXT that all us ole RTTY ops are familiar with http www packetradio com bbbb htm 10 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez Just a word to the wise In order for DigiPan to provide a panoramic display with point and click tuning of stations it is necessary for our transceiver s to provide both panoramic reception and transmission The receive band pass should be capable of receiving a large number of PSK31 stations at one time So far all the transceivers I ve operated or interfaced have this capability Even my little Radio Shack receiver connected to the laptop sound card receives and displays PSK31 BL FAR IG KG SOUND CARD LINE IN F Audi Gnd Shield LAUDIO CAB 32 uF masts RING NOTUSED __ 4700 ohms PSK Tx Audio f e P GHO hield ye SOUND CAR m RING LINE OUT BL FRARG K TIP PIN 4 RTS PIN to 45 PIN Sid Cie TIF Se Components C and R must be used in this interace values may vary dighthy but Re amp C LEEVE TEPER Fogad FORGE are absolutely necessary aa IMPORTANT NOTE M e Senal PTT DB 25 Compor ete 1200 OHMS A WA na eT 425 OPTOCOUPLER TIF 1H4146 or 1 M
15. nformation Peter Martinez G3PLX High Blakebank Farm Underbarrow Kendal Cumbria LA8 8BN United Kingdom My thanks and with credits to Peter for permission to reprint his PSK31 philosophy here THE QUICK BROWN VOX For this discussion we will NOT consider using the VOX voice operated relay circuits in our transceiver to control PSK31 changeover from transmit to receive and vice versa Especially since most of us have a spare or extra serial comport s that we can use to do the same thing and without having the transceiver hiccup a transmitted signal every time the sound card burps As you will soon see there is an easier way to handle the push to talk PTT function in PSK31 ATTENUATOR YES OR NO Yes we should consider the use of some level of attenuation either into the sound card or out of the sound card into the transceiver I think the easiest way to approach this is to understand first that modern day transceivers are designed for inputs into the transceiver for SSB FM AFSK RTTY and in some cases SSTV We should maintain the levels similar to those we normally use when using a microphone Since many transceivers that we will be using are beyond ten 10 years since their purchase some of us will be using the microphone port for our PSK31 input If this is the case and you plan to drive the microphone with your sound card LINE OUT then the level from the sound card should be comparable to the output level of your mic
16. o no heavy outlay of cash and all you have to do is obtain a copy of the FREE PSK31 software from the author of PSK31 Peter Martinez G3PLX at http aintel bi ehu es psk31 html One of the PSK31 programs that use is WinPSK CLICK HERE to download WinPSK version 2 08 by Moe Wheatley AD4JY IT S FREE The file WinPSK208 zip 630K contains all the files needed to run the WinPSK program as well as online help All the files should be placed in the same directory for example C Winpsk_ No setup program is necessary Another PSK31 program also FREE is at http members home net hteller digipan download htm It is DigiPan version 1 2 DigiPan is the result of an effort by Nick Fedoseev UT2UZ and Howard Skip Teller KH6TY Nick is also the author of MIXW32 a software that supports several other digital communications including PSK31 Pll go into more detail later about the use of DigiPan II and how we interface our computer sound card and our transceiver For now take a moment to preview a screen shot of DigiPan 1 2 at photo A http www packetradio com bbbb htm 2 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez Bie Ed Mode Mode Dane Soe ste Conpgure Hep ware is Digan 12 eBTW HLJEB DE WAS IF oaall Well am lacking at averything and all seems to be m order here as far as the ng goes Wust be band conditons alohn wiy name ie Ed Ed and bam located about AO miles weet
17. o add more features and updates for your future enjoyment DECISIONS DICISIONS http www packetradio com bbbb htm 9 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez The main distribution point for Peter G3PLX s implementation reference software is at http www kender es edu download p31sbw zip SOUNOCARO LINE IH ul nik LEEWVE lel den RIH G HOT USED poised ad Audio Cable ae aun CABLE 4700 chm BOCETO ohms 1 1 a RING HOT USED Tx Aud TIP SOUND CAR LINEQUT Io BU XFMR GK DE a Receive Audio Plat RES Plat skalGNO ee GRGRGCRTaIIII AAAA ALAA i OOOO em ee Ee PORT A254 PHOTOTRAN SISTOR Ea F 1 H4itS or Nie Ss a starting point go into the sound card parameters and set LINE OUT halfopen and set LINE IN half open KENVWVWOOD TS 6905 and T2440 HF transceivers ta PC S5616 for PSks1 and SST use Figure 5 DIGIPAN There is a new version this super FREEWARE PSK31 program called Digipan 1 2 with many more features added since version 1 0 and 1 2 DigiPan is written by Howard KHO6TY and Nick MixW32 UT2UZ It is the first PSK31 program that has a panoramic waterfall view of the entire audio spectrum that I use In DigiPan 1 2 I can instantly tune a new station with either the click of the mouse or by using the left or right arrow keys The latter arrow keys drive a new built in signal seeker feature Add to this the many macros that can
18. of St Louis Missouri and you are 100 print so John BTU VESJP DE VAS VIF Kneagenid im a H IEE Ih Jida mi AE SHG TE ee a ee aah tate af Pr i mq i E a b EET E 4 i E y 1 7 E 3 P r ty F TETE aki A For help press AIH DRR Sa RC Mel Shap raS Ha M35 BPSK Orica THOR Te Msuni Mx F oy 1 a Eg 30AM Photo A Yes there are a large number of PSK31 programs that support the PC LINUX and the MAC We ll cover some of them later in this tutorial KUDOS ARE DUE THE AUTHORS OF PSK Before I get into interfacing our HF transceivers and the sound cards I would be remiss if I didn t give credit to the author s of PSK Here in his words is the background and the PSK31 philosophy of and by Peter Martinez G3PLX PSK31 is the result of my belief that the present batch of data modes have left a gap in amateur radio operating the gap that was previously filled by AMTOR or even traditional RTTY in which two or more operators chat to each other on an open channel Modes such as packet radio Pactor and others are highly complex are unsuited to multi way conversations and in particular the long block lengths introduce an unacceptable delay in the processing of text such that even normal conversation is unpleasant and quick break question answer sessions are impossible The move to automated unattended message forwarding has le
19. rophone But ve already said that haven t I YES I have but I want to stress a point In this case we will need to employ padding of about 40 DB I refer to these attenuators as pads This term comes from a time when we referred to it as padding the signal down For the new HAM padding down of a signal can reference either audio or radio frequencies AF RF http www packetradio com bbbb htm 4 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez TIP FROM SOUND CARD LINE OUT a Caz N 1K L sieeve ii Ring Not Use WROD Pa ATTENUATOR PADDING APPROXIMATELY 40 DE Figure 2 To keep it simple I ve drawn an attenuator pad at figure two Again it is a device that is simple to build since it employs only two resistors Unless your sound card is a slam dunk n speaker popper you should be able to get by with quarter watt sized resistors While many sound blaster compatible sound cards have the capability to be set for high or low level outputs they are almost always providing outputs which are much to high for the input level to the microphone port of our transceiver 20m LSB at 140730KHz f ory AL ath F Vo ree Taal REEL Options Heb T A Select Transmit Drive I M an ol a Lis e Erana i ni irmi Pr a a eee a i BI ia its eb eh es kii L l i mi nee CO Vo el ight ch rial i Sey For help pre
20. ry UWE 2m 61 3 ke of r PT Fleet of re T TTI ae A THAT IS AGOGO OLE fteR gt E Us KHz m o 2 Cam ics Re ff 20m m ge ee Mm faa ke o C R ae CH Zu amp fizm 8 e a A A a n a niacin For heip pess AIH l s Sar AFC Net Enap 20837 Ha IMD EPSE OOo Aa Wsen Mx r y ma Bri 241 AM Photo D SOFTWARE SOFTWARE EVERYWHERE There s plenty of software to help you get on the air with PSK31 You can choose the one you like best and of course some of your decisions will be based on the particular operating system for your computer Be sure you read the PSK31 software user s manual or the help files that relate to the software you plan to use In the next few paragraphs I ll try to name a few software packages for PSK31 operation Before I go there Pd like to point out that so much of this software is FREE however the software writer and author cannot live by bread alone He she must have peanut butter and peanut butter cost money Which ever software you finally choose remember the author of that software package dedicated his or her time to making your hobby more fun If you like the software send the author a small donation as a sign of your appreciation for their contribution to making your hobby fun and exciting By sending a small contribution to the software author you are also encouraging them to extend additional effort t
21. se AIH Asen m T oy m Photo B If you cannot use the sound card Control Panel in Windows or Digipan see Photo B to decrease the output level of your sound card to meet the level requirements of your microphone input then you are about to construct the resistive attenuator shown at figure two to reduce the LINE OUT level to your transceiver MIC port The idea is to keep your signal at a low enough level to have a clean PSK31 signal on the air With PSK31 the first thing I do is set my transceiver for normal single side band SSB operation I turn off any speech processing and after I have the microphone level properly set for PSK31 I don t change this setting again All future levels are set into and out of the sound card using the volume and wav controls built into the sound card control panel software In DigiPan II these controls are easily accessed from the task bar at the top of the screen Simply click on configure and use the Transmit Drive Photo B command to properly drive the transceiver so that no ALC action is observed This is how I avoid causing phase distortion or overdriving the inputs of my transceiver http www packetradio com bbbb htm 5 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez fi ae gt file Edd Mock Gpe Yen Con eg Heb rn e can ca ot zee E iu Record Select Spectrum Drive Recoding wnt CD Audo rain Microphone Palance B
22. ted to the output of your transceiver click on the DigiPan TX menu button and adjust the Speaker volume slider on the Windows taskbar tray for an output power reading of about one third to one half the power you would normally see when operating CW DO NOT operate your transceiver above half its maximum power level rating Once you have the power level set type a few characters and watch the power meter As you type the text you are sending should cause the meter pointer to have a slight jitter If you have the LINE OUT MIC IN level set properly you should see the power move slightly upwards At no time should you see the power level go above 50 or your transceiver s rated power output If it does go higher simply turn the Transmit Drive level down using the configure transmit drive volume control in DigiPan 1 2 http www packetradio com bbbb htm 8 von 13 18 02 2001 00 58 09 Bux Bitz and Bytez sa htAGT d un fi lajxj File Edi ae Optom iene Configure Har Paka Co co cata ca a BTU Signal signali File eer FR it Fis i p3 Call Hame Hotes ave Ceu Reeg Sar gth Bact 20m LSB at 140730 KHz a Seach 5 e Sagew wifoer eq e e i r jseores I Band prm erties Ea opila neoo4nanteucOk John na about 35 feet inthe ar J hhn won t hold you Thanks f Actwele Bard Specirim slait Specium options AME THROUGH 10te iIERCEN aa Tore USE L58 Fadia Co so BTU Har

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