TOUGH2 Example: - Thunderhead Engineering
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1. _ et v B v E o k v a E v r 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 Time sec Figure 3 Comparison of calculated and desired boundary condition cell temperatures BJ cell Time History C PetraSim 2010 Examples Time Dependent 8Cs 2011 04 04 Time dependent temperature besim elHEhlmeis Eile View Primary Data T degC Variable T dea 100 6 Cell Name Id TempBC 2 100 5 Mark Style 0 0 5 0E05 1 0E06 1 5E06 2 0E06 2 5E06 3 0E08 Time Figure 4 Time history response of model cell When finished you can close the Cell History dialog Boundary Condition using Thin Cell and Polygonal Mesh We now repeat the specifying a temperature boundary condition but using a polygonal mesh 1 Open the previous model 2 Save the model under a different name We have already defined the spacing for the thin cell so that does not need to be modified To regenerate the mesh 1 On the Model menu click Create Mesh 2 For Mesh Type select Polygonal 3 Click OK to create the mesh We now set the boundary conditions for the top layer To calculate and set the boundary conditions in the top lower left polygonal cell 1 Click the Select Mesh Layer tool then select the top thin layer This will select all the cells in that layer Figure 5 Ele Edit Model Properties Analysis Results View Help RE H X NSSAR O2. suusu2222222ssnenenonnennennenennenonnennnnnnnnennnnnn en 8 SUMMAaly Heer Er een ne ec eee 10 Disclaimer Thunderhead Engineering makes no warranty expressed or implied to users of PetraSim and accepts no responsibility for its use Users of PetraSim assume sole responsibility under Federal law for determining the appropriateness of its use in any particular application for any conclusions drawn from the results of its use and for any actions taken or not taken as a result of analyses performed using these tools Users are warned that PetraSim is intended for use only by those competent in the field of multi phase multi component fluid flow in porous and fractured media PetraSim is intended only to supplement the informed judgment of the qualified user The software package is acomputer model that may or may not have predictive capability when applied to a specific set of factual circumstances Lack of accurate predictions by the model could lead to erroneous conclusions All results should be evaluated by an informed user Throughout this document the mention of computer hardware or commercial software does not constitute endorsement by Thunderhead Engineering nor does it indicate that the products are necessarily those best suited for the intended purpose Acknowledgements We thank Karsten Pruess Tianfu Xu George Moridis Michael Kowalsky Curt Oldenburg and Stefan Finsterle in the Earth Sciences Division of Lawrence Ber
3. by making a special material that has zero permeability In addition we specify a small porosity so that we can use the solid properties for our heat capacity calculations and neglect the heat capacity of the small amount of fluid in the cell To make a new material to use in applying the temperature boundary conditions On the Properties menu click Edit Materials In the Material Data dialog click New In the Name box type TEMP Click OK to create the new material by default the new material data will be based on theROCK1 data For the TEMP material change the value in the Porosity box to 0 001 6 For the TEMP material in all three Permeability boxes X Y and Z type 0 0 There will be no flow into the cell Pow MP pa Click OK to save changes and exit the Edit Materials dialog Define Temperature Boundary Condition in Thin Cell To modify the thin cell so that it defines a temperature boundary condition Spin the model and click on the top This should select only the thin cell Right click and select Edit Cells In the Cell Name box type TempBC ee N oe In the Vol Factor box type 1 0E20 the volume of the cell will be the actual volume 1 times the factor for a volume of 1 0E20 m 5 Inthe Material list select TEMP we want to use the special boundary condition material We will return to define sources sinks in the extra cell We use the default initial conditions in the boundary condition cell To tu
4. BT HUNDERHEAD 403 Poyntz Avenue Suite B Manhattan KS 66502 USA 1 785 770 8511 www thunderheadeng com TOUGH2 Example Setting Single Phase Time Dependent Essential Direchlet Boundary Conditions PetraSim 5 Table of Contents Acknowledgements s s 22020500000005008000005000000 08800 Banana nn anan EADS han HH ana sossseasesdessedsossssatesssaseds iv Setting Multi Phase Time Dependent Essential Dirichlet Boundary Conditions sssssssseeeeeeeees 1 Create 3 Simple Model 2 0u 8 cise Renner a eaoaai eaa e aaia erhia 1 Generate the Mesh Westin naeh rannte de nn a aiia aiaa aaia aiiai 2 M terial Properties un e renanira a aara ae aa eaea Raaka aiae Berne ee rede Eia ae iaiaaeaia 2 Define Temperature Boundary Condition in Thin Cell ccccccsssscecccecsesesseeeeceeeseeseseaeeeeecesseseaeseeeesens 2 Heat Flow into Boundary Condition Cell uuuneeesssssseenenennennnnnnnenennnnnennnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnennennnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnen 3 Initial Conditions Herteaee ee ee De EEE EE SS 5 Edit Solution Controls ee en rn en reelle lerne ke 5 Edit QUEDUT CONEOIS nn ee se nn tapeeduedanaseusdesestysddsasveniieassauvbass 5 Save AM RUD eee a AAA O E OA EAO E OA E O EEE OOA E AEA 5 View Time History Plots cccccsessccececeesssesnsaecececsseesesaesecececssceseeaeaecesecuseeseaaeseeeeecussesasaeaeceeeessseseaaeaeeeeeess 5 Boundary Condition using Thin Cell and Polygonal Mesh
5. E 22 1036800 129 3893 1123200 120 3368 1209600 110 3956 1296000 a 1382400 89 60442 2 99157914 22 17 1468800 79 66317 2 72411102E 22 1555200 70 61074 2 33758617E 22 1641600 62 84276 1 84889759E 22 1728000 56 69873 1 27940331E 22 1814400 52 44717 6 53992972E 21 1900800 50 27391 _0 00000000E 00 1987200 50 27391 6 53992972E 21 2073600 52 44717 2160000 56 69873 2246400 62 84276 2332800 70 61074 2419200 79 66317 2 99157914E 22 BR 2505600 89 604421 3 12830090E 22 30 2592000 1 00308642E 22 To specify this heat flow into the boundary cell Double click the thin top cell to edit it Click the Sources Sinks tab Click Heat In In the options list select Table Click the Edit button and type or paste the values shown Table 1 ON U a W Click OK to save changes and exit the Heat Rates dialog Click OK to save changes and exit the Edit Cell Data dialog Initial Conditions The initial conditions for the model should be a single phase temperature of 100 C and a pressure of 1 0E6 Pa Edit Solution Controls Parameters relating to the solver and time stepping can be found in the Solution Controls dialog To specify the simulation end time On the Analysis menu click Solution Controls In the End Time list click User Defined and type 30 days Inthe Max Time Step list click User Defined and type 1 days Click the Weighting tab For Permeabil
6. R FL CBROQIEE aiit DOTS eta amp ENE amp cet coor Bytayer ER Layers Internal Boundarie 6 Materials Wels Named Print Cells oe Extracells Active Cell Count 198 198 Figure 5 Select all cells in the top layer 2 On the Edit menu click Properties 3 Inthe Vol Factor box type 1E20 the entire top layer will have the same volume as the previous example 4 Inthe Material list select TEMP we want to use the special boundary condition material 5 Click the Sources Sinks tab 6 Click Heat In 7 Inthe options list select Table Flux and input the values shown in Table 2 This is the same information as in Table 1 but the heat flow has been divided by the XY area 100 m to give the flux 8 Click OK Table 2 Specification of heat flow using flux Time Fin Of 3 12830000E 20 518400 6 53993000E 19 604800 0 00000000E 00 691200 6 53993000E 19 777600 1 27940000E 20 864000 1 84890000E 20 950400 2 33759000E 20 1036800 2 72411000E 20 1123200 2 99153000E 20 1209600 3 12830000E 20 1296000 3 12830000E 20 1382400 2 99153000E 20 1468800 2 72411000E 20 1555200 2 33759000E 20 1641600 1 84890000E 20 1728000 1 27940000E 20 1814400 6 53993000E 19 1900800 0 00000000E 00 1987200 6 53993000E 19 2073600 1 27940000E 20 2160000 _1 84890000E 20 Select at least one cell in the thin layer and on in the thick layer to print time history data Run th
7. e analysis and essentially the same results will be obtained in the model cells Summary This has illustrated how to apply temperature only boundary conditions in a PetraSim TOUGH2 model Other combinations of boundary conditions are discussed in the PetraSim User Manual The principles are the same 10
8. ity at Interface list click Harmonic Weighted This will ensure that the Sn 7 8 23 permeability at the interface for fluid flow into and out of the boundary will be zero see the PetraSim user manual and the TOUGH2 user manual for a supporting discussion 6 Click the Options tab 7 For Boundary condition Interpolation click Rigorous Step Click OK Edit Output Controls By default the simulation will print output every 100 time steps For this simulation we will specify output every time step To specify the output frequency 1 Onthe Analysis menu click Output Controls 2 Inthe Print and Plot Every Steps box type 1 3 Click OK Save and Run The input is complete and you can run the simulation View Time History Plots To view time history plots On the PetraSim Results menu click Cell History Plots In the Variable list click T deg C In the Cell Name list click TempBC In the Cell Time History window on the File menu click Export Data and save the data a a a a gt You can then import the data and compare the calculated boundary condition temperatures to the desired values as shown in Figure 3 6 Inthe Cell Name list click Cell 1 the large cell to view the time history of the temperature in the model cell This response shows a temperature change from 100 C to a maximum of 100 5983 C Figure 4 A hand calculation gives an analytic value of 100 597 C Specified PetraSim
9. keley National Laboratory for their gracious responses to our many questions We also thank Ron Falta at Clemson University and Alfredo Battistelli at Aquater S p A Italy for their help with T2VOC and TMVOC Without TOUGH2 T2VOC TOUGHREACT and TOUGH Fx HYDRATE PetraSim would not exist In preparing this manual we have liberally used descriptions from the user manuals for the TOUGH family of codes Links to download the TOUGH manuals are given at http www petrasim com More information about the TOUGH family of codes can be found at http www esd lbl gov TOUGH2 Printed copies of the user manuals may be obtained from Karsten Pruess at lt K_Pruess lbl gov gt The original development of PetraSim was funded by a Small Business Innovative Research grant from the U S Department of Energy Additional funding was provided by a private consortium for the TOUGHREACT version and by the U S Department of Energy NETL for the TOUGH Fx HYDRATE version We most sincerely thank our users for their feedback and support Setting Multi Phase Time Dependent Essential Dirichlet Boundary Conditions In this example we demonstrate how to apply time dependent temperature boundary conditions for single phase problems The user should refer to the PetraSim manual and the corresponding multi phase example for further discussion In this description we use a thin layer to define the boundary conditions An alternate is to use extra cells as illus
10. rn on detailed printing of time history data 1 Click the Print Options tab 2 Click to select both print options Heat Flow into Boundary Condition Cell We have now created a boundary condition cell that has a volume of 1 0E20 m a density of 2600 kg m a porosity of 0 001 and a specific heat of 1000 J kg C For this example we will specify a sinusoidal temperature history with an average of 100 C an amplitude of 50 C and a period of 30 days Figure 2 Temperature deg C 8 Time days Figure 2 Desired boundary condition temperature history We calculate the heat flow as follows AT Q Vpc RE where Q is the heat flow V is the cell volume p is the rock density cp is the rock heat capacity AT is the change in temperature and At is the change in time Note that since the porosity is very small we only use the rock properties and apply this to the entire cell volume The calculated heat flows to obtain the desired temperature time history are shown in Table 1 Table 1 Calculated heat flow to change boundary cell to desired temperature Heat Flow 3 12830090E 22 110 3956 172800 120 3368 259200 129 3893 137 1572 __1 84889759E 22 432000 143 3013 1 27940331E 22 6 518400 147 5528 6 53992972E 21 604800 149 7261 0 00000000E 00 8 691200 149 7261 6 53992972E 21 9 777600 147 5528 1 27940331E 22 864000 143 3013 1 84889759E 22 950400 137 1572 2 33758617
11. trated in the multi phase example We first illustrate the basic concepts using a simple cube We then demonstrate how to apply time dependent boundary conditions to amore complex model Create a Simple Model Following the instructions already presented in previous example problems make a new model using EOS1 and dimensions of 10x10x10 meters To define a thin layer on the top of the model Inthe Tree View expand the Layers node and click Default On the Edit menu click Properties In Dz click Custom In the first row Fraction box type 0 999 and in the Cells box type 1 Figure 1 In the second row Fraction box type 0 001 and in the Cells box type 1 Figure 1 IE an 0s I gt Click OK to save changes to the default layer Figure 1 Input of cell sizes If you close and reopen the Edit Layers dialog you will notice that Dz has been changed to a Regular mesh with a Factor of 1 001E 03 This is an alternate way to describe the same sizes for two elements Generate the Mesh We now need to generate the mesh On the Model menu click Create Mesh For Mesh Type select Regular In the X Cells box type 1 In the Y Cells box type 1 Click OK to create the mesh nal Re Ns Material Properties The large model cell uses the default material properties However for the temperature boundary condition cell we want only heat to flow into or out of the cell not any fluid This can be accomplished
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