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SAAF Manual - Measurand Inc

1. SHAPE ADVANTAGE Measurand Inc 2111 Hanwell Rd Fredericton NB Canada E3C 1M7 tel 506 462 9119 fax 506 462 9095 Email SAAsupport measurand com http www measurandgeotechnical com Copyright 2013 by Measurand Inc measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Notices Measurand shall have no liability for incidental or consequential damages of any kind arising out of the sale installation or use of its products Please read this document and any notes and instructions carefully before proceeding with installation and operation The information herein is subject to change without prior notification ShapeAccelArray is covered by patents including 2472421 6127672 6563107 7296363 WO 02 055958 WO 02 055958 WO 98 41815 and others pending Measurand Software is copyrighted Any unauthorized use is strictly prohibited Important details about proper handling of SAAs are presented in Appendix A SAAs which are not handled as discussed in the guidelines contained herein and in Appendix A will not be covered under warranty Revisions No O March 2013 ii measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Table of Contents TIobleor Contents Er PIN EN ME DRE iii Listof Figures T vi List of TOSS met r viii 1 2 Background TH
2. nhan 63 Figure 6 21 Viewing the status of scheduled tasks in Task Master sessi sees enne nn nnns a n 64 Figure 6 22 Switching the Data File Output option in the LoggerNet Setup utility to Overwrite Existing File 65 Figure 7 1 Selecting an SAA to View in SAAVICW nara anna nsns nsa dass sa sss s ssa ada s sas essa 444 66 Figure 7 2 Quickview of absolute shape plots for SAA in SAAVieW isses sisse ener nhanh 67 Figure 8 1 Software Calibration Files download windOw eese eene enne seen natns nnn 68 Table 8 1 Typical SAA cable resistance values 69 Figure 8 2 Pin numbering convention for the 4 pin SAAF Connector Note the reference point at the top of the ens 69 Figure 8 3 Wiring information for Measurand SAAF connector Figure 8 4 X marks vs On reel dots X marks are long straight lines normally found at the near and far end of the SAA On reel dots are dots found on every 8 or 10 segments on the SAA Figure C 1 Marking on reel dots on an Figure D 1 Adding a timeout in the startup window in SAARecorder 87 Figure E 1 SAA232 The 4 pin green connector connects to the RS232 port of the compute
3. Total SAA Length Cable Length Amphenol Connector Number of Magnetometers Special Notes Additional X Marks every 2Meters Email Figure 2 6 Example of reel label with SAA specifications as per purchase order March 2013 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 2 2 How SAAs Work 2 2 1 Position Determination The SAA uses MEMS accelerometers to determine the tilt of individual segments with respect to gravity as shown in Figure 2 7 MEMS accelerometer axes are aligned in software according to calibration files created during manufacture to form a consistent orthogonal set for each of X Y and Z For vertical SAAs chain wise 3D calculations are made in software to determine the 3D position and orientation of each segment of the SAA Horizontal SAAs cannot sense movement within the horizontal plane so calculations are 2D In either case data are obtained over a large angular range not possible with conventional inclinometers The calculations are relative to a starting point usually taken to be stable ground The data set for SAA is represented as a polyline in two or three dimensional space with vertices representing the position of the joint centers Gravity Gravity Segment Length 304 8 mm 1 Ms Base Point Figure 2 7 a Tilt for single segment b Tilts and positions for multiple segments 2 2 2 Accuracy of SAA MEMS accelerometers used in SAAs measure til
4. ee RR 58 6 3 4 Manual Data Collection ett reete vin e ERE AR n NUI RARE FEX 58 6 3 2 Automated Data ColleCtiOm iuc rii eet reta ri rhe pere ponen er Ria e ER an Bee EE ree 59 6 33 Manual Data Conversion 2 1 d kaniin cnet nce DRE ERE 61 6 3 4 Automated Data Conversions cccsccecssscecessnececseneececseceecesseeeeceeaaeeeceeeecsesueeecseaaeeecseaaeeeeaeeeseeaeesenenaess 61 6 3 5 Saving Data in Overwrite File Mode cccccccccccecssssssececececseseseesecececseeaeseecescseeeaeseeecsseeseaaeseeeceseesaaees 64 Fe M PH 66 March 2013 iv measurand SAA Manual 8 I9 m OO WB sS gt SHAPE ADVANTAGE Frequently Asked E sec VEM Rv MEE TIS Rose E Fix EP Ups RH FM EE 68 8 1 How get calibration files for my 68 8 2 How do I check for and get software updates 68 8 3 having problems connecting my SAA to SAARecorder How do check the connection 68 8 4 How do diagnose an unresponsive SAA for cable 69 8 5 How do I wire the SAAF Connector onto the SAA 7
5. Glue the bottom part of the top stack included in the SAA Install Kit to the top of the PVC conduit at this time Note Use the hanging fixture included in the SAA Install Kit to help keep the conduit off of the bottom of the borehole It is also possible to use the fixture to apply downward force on the conduit before the conduit is weighted down with chain or SAA Insert the chain into the PVC conduit as shown in Figure 4 14 See Section 4 3 4 for chain recommendations Make sure to insert chain straight down into the conduit Otherwise you run the risk of causing wear on the PVC fitting at the top Figure 4 14 Inserting chain into PVC conduit March 2013 31 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Grout the SAA using the mix recommended in Section 4 4 4 Note The grout will take 24 hours to set The SAA should be inserted after the grout has set Do NOT remove the chain from the PVC conduit before 24 hours have passed 4 4 2 2 Inserting SAA Into a Pre Cased Borehole Once the grout has set it is possible to remove the chain from the conduit and proceed with inserting the SAA directly into the conduit Start by setting the SAA reel on the reel stand so that it unreels from the top as shown in Figure 4 15 The reel should be placed close to the borehole in order to avoid having too many unsupported segments in the air Unsupported segments can easily be twisted inadvertently The insertion should be done by two people as
6. Attaching SAASPD at top of borehole sss esses enhn seen nnnn nena hn etta assa aas sana dass sinas 34 Figure 4 18 Tremie grouting SAA conduit into a 36 Figure 4 19 Horizontal installation of SAA adjacent to train tracks a SAA PVC placed in trench containing bedding sand and geotextile to wrap around SAA b Survey marker placed at reference end of SAA Ensure the marker is associated with a known location along the sensorized portion of the SAA Figure 4 20 Work flow for installing horizontal SAAS Figure 4 21 Trench for installation of horizontal March 2013 vi measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 22 Reel positions for SAA a Note location of PEX SAA interface b Make sure all the On reel dots are in the same DOSILIOD 42 Figure 5 1 Program view from SAARecorder showing a single SAA This view shows three orthographic views of the SAA plus a fourth perspective view lower right corner esses esee enean enhn 43 Figure 5 2 Basic Settings Window It allows the user to view and change the reference point for the SAA near or far the amount of averaging to perform and the modeling mode 2 D or 3 D 44 Figure 5 3 Playback Recording window
7. Serial Port Errors DataTable SERIAL_ERRORS True 1 Sample 1 SERIAL_NUMS 1 1 Long Sample 1 SERIAL_NUMS 2 1 Long Sample NUM_DEVICES NUM_CRC_ERRORS Long Sample NUM DEVICES NUM COM ERRORS Long EndTable Logger Diagnostics DataTable LOGGER DIAGNOSTICS True 1 Sample 1 LOGGER_VOLTAGE Float Sample 1 LOGGER_TEMPERATURE Float EndTable SAA Data Table Values each SAA requires a data table 1 DataTable SAA1 1 Sample 1 SERIAL NUMS 1 1 Long Sample SAA1 NUM OCTETS NUM SENSORS PER OCTET SAA1 ACC VALUES Float Sample SAA1 NUM OCTETS SAA1 TEMP VALUES Float EndTable SAA2 DataTable SAA2_DATA True 1 Sample 1 SERIAL_NUMS 2 1 Long Sample SAA2_NUM_OCTETS NUM_SENSORS_PER_OCTET SAA2_ACC_VALUES Float Sample SAA2 NUM OCTETS SAA2 TEMP VALUES Float EndTable March 2013 104 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE DataTable SAA DIAGNOSTICS True 1 Sample 1 SERIAL NUMS 1 1 Long Sample 1 SERIAL NUMS 2 1 Long Sample 1 SAA1_SAATOP_VOLTAGE Float Sample 1 SAA1_SAATOP_CURRENT Float Sample 1 SAA1_SAATOP_ TEMPERATURE Float Sample 1 SAA2_SAATOP_VOLTAGE Float Sample 1 SAA2_SAATOP_CURRENT Float Sample 1 SAA2_SAATOP_ TEMPERATURE Float EndTable PZ3 Data Table DataTable PZ3 DATA True 1 Sample NUM PZ3S 6 PZ3 IEEE4 EndTable EPC Data Table DataTable EPC DATA True 1 Sample NUM EPCS 6 EPC IEEE4 EndTable SUBROUTINES V
8. The extra set screw should be located on the opposing side of the top stack vis vis the existing set screw location This extra set screw will help provide mechanical support for the SAA during the PEX extension process 2 Align the X mark on the SAA so that it is pointed in the desired direction Follow the directions provided in Section 4 4 2 4 3 Tighten both set screws in order to hold the SAA in position during the PEX extension process 4 Connect the extra PEX to the SAA using the procedures outlined in the PEX Extension Kit Instruction Manual 5 Transfer the X mark onto the PEX tubing 6 Making sure to have a good hold of the SAA loosen the two set screws 7 Carefully lower the SAA into the PVC conduit making sure not to turn it during the lowering process 8 Once the SAA touches the bottom of the PVC conduit seal the conduit using the methods outlined in Section 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 Aligning the SAA Inside the PVC Conduit In this installation method the PVC conduit cannot be used to align the SAA so that the X mark is pointed in the desired direction Instead the SAA must be moved inside the PVC Raise the SAA approximately 30 cm so that it is not sitting on the bottom of the conduit It should be able to rotate freely in the conduit Pump it up and down while turning If the SAA does not move freely DO NOT FORCE IT Leave the SAA as it is and take a reading of the azimuth offset degrees relative to the intended direction Thi
9. ground or running it over sharp edges e DONOT move the joints more frequently than necessary 4 2 2 Torsion Control and Joint Care Note When unreeling the SAA into the PVC conduit allow it to turn freely This will return the SAA to its factory straight state If you are pulling the SAA into a pre assembled PVC conduit use a rope or a connector with a swivel to grab onto the eyelet at the far end of the SAA As previously discussed in 2 1 1 Segments and Joints the composite joint construction of the SAA is designed to minimize twist Small amounts of twist will generally be recouped when the SAA is laid out on a smooth flat surface or installed in a borehole returning the SAA to a neutral or factory state If the SAA is mishandled it is possible to twist the joints beyond their elastic limits In this case the SAA will not return to the factory state when the SAA is inserted into its PVC conduit The best way ensure and verify a twist free installation is to use the SAA PVC Installation described in Section 4 4 1 4 2 3 Buoyancy Effects During Installation A factor which must be considered during installation is the buoyancy of the PVC conduit If the conduit is held from the top buoyancy typically cause the conduit to bend and form S curves making it difficult March 2013 17 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE to insert the SAA In order to avoid the issues associated with buoyancy it is recommended that you use the SAA
10. with the joints all in line with each other At the end of the reeling process the on reel dots should all still face the same direction If they do not all face the same direction then twist has been induced Please review your procedure and consult with Measurand March 2013 72 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 8 8 Why is my data logger missing samples In most cases missed samples are due to issues with either the reading interval or logger power Collecting data from multiple instruments can take a significant amount of time If the logger is in the process of collecting data when the next sampling interval comes around it will ignore the new request for samples and complete its current data collection It will then collect again when it receives another request for samples at the next available interval In order to avoid this issue make sure to know how long it takes to collect data from all sensors attached to the logger See Section 6 2 2 for recommended SAA reading intervals Note that loggers can collect properly for an extended time then fail as housekeeping functions of the logger accumulate and start competing for logger resources If the logger power is too low it can stop functioning For loggers which are connected to batteries with solar panels it is sometimes possible for the battery to be recharged enough for the logger to regain power If the logger program is set to run on Power Up it will resume collecting
11. 1 66 42 2 mm ID 1 278 32 5 mm 5 3930 psi 27096 kPa Deflection 0 1 131 2 3 100 0 149 3930 0 061 3000 3 4 1 Max deflection 4 4 lt 5 deflection 1 9 mm does not impact SAA NOTE These are sample calculations only Actual calculations are the responsibility of the client March 2013 98 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE K Integrating Other Sensors Into the Main Program Advanced Please contact Measurand if you need assistance in this procedure The example given below is not exactly how the code looks today but it is similar When adding additional sensor programming to the main SAA program conflicts can arise with existing programming The SAA Include references COM Ports 1 4 If any of these ports are used for connecting other sensors then all references to these ports must be commented out of the serial port subroutines in the SAA Include file Provided is an example program for a logger that reads data from vibrating wire piezometers vibrating wire earth pressure cells and SAAs Note The SAA related code in the following example is not the most recent code This example is meant to give an idea as to how to add other sensors into the Main Program Please consult Measurand for assistance when trying to combine measurements from various sensors into a single program The SAA data is collected over Scan Interval 1 1 hour with an AIA averaging level of 1000 The piezometer and earth p
12. 4 pin SAAF Connector Note the reference point at the top of the connector March 2013 69 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Actual readings will vary but it is important that they are not under 50 except for black to shield which indicates a short or over 20 kO which indicates an open If a failure is found with the 4 pin round connector inspect the wiring inside the connector to make sure that no wires have been broken 8 5 How dol wire the SAAF Connector onto the SAA cable clamping ring with mounted gasket 6 back shell lightening torque zi o _ male contact lt insert with SAI cable nut locking ring jz 1 M tightening torque We 15 2Nn 1 WHITE S 2 BLUE lt P 3 RED lightening torque 05 Nin Measurand SAAF Connector Figure 8 3 Wiring information for Measurand SAAF connector 8 6 How do check my magnetometers to make sure they are working properly Note the information provided in this section only applies to SAAs for which optional magnetometers were ordered 8 6 1 Checking magnetometer data collected with SAARecorder If you are using SAARecorder to collect data you can view magnetometer data for all of your magnetometer devices by clicking on the Data and graphs Magnetometer data menu item This presents a window that allows you to quickly view heading information and total magnetic field magnitude for each magnetometer If the devices are functioning corre
13. 50438 50451 50515 51358 SERIAL NUMS 1 1 50013 SERIAL NUMS 1 2 50019 SERIAL NUMS 1 3 50070 SERIAL NUMS 1 4 50083 SERIAL NUMS 1 5 50206 SERIAL NUMS 1 6 50225 SERIAL NUMS 1 7 50315 SERIAL NUMS 1 8 50347 SERIAL NUMS 1 9 50402 SERIAL NUMS 1 10 50413 SERIAL NUMS 1 11 50416 SERIAL NUMS 1 12 50438 SERIAL NUMS 1 13 50451 SERIAL NUMS 1 14 50515 SERIAL NUMS 1 15 51358 SAA2 S N 50021 nodes 50021 50226 50246 50440 50550 50557 50563 50565 50570 50968 50969 50982 50996 50998 50039 SERIAL NUMS 2 1 50021 SERIAL NUMS 2 2 50226 SERIAL NUMS 2 3 50246 SERIAL NUMS 2 4 50440 SERIAL NUMS 2 5 50550 SERIAL NUMS 2 6 50557 SERIAL NUMS 2 7 50563 SERIAL NUMS 2 8 50565 March 2013 108 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE SERIAL NUMS 2 9 50570 SERIAL NUMS 2 10 50968 SERIAL NUMS 2 11 50969 SERIAL NUMS 2 12 50982 SERIAL NUMS 2 13 50996 SERIAL NUMS 2 14 50998 SERIAL NUMS 2 15 50039 declare the number of octets for each SAA SAA 1 NUM OCTETS INDEX 1 1 NUM OCTETS SAA 2 NUM OCTETS INDEX 2 SAA2 NUM OCTETS declare the com port assignment for each SAA SAA1 COM_PORT 1 SAA1_COM_PORT SAA232_5_PORT_INDEX 1 SAA1 232 5 PORT SAA2 COM PORT 2 SAA2 COM PORT 232 5 PORT INDEX 2 2 232 5 PORT initialize COM and CRC errors NUM COM ERRORS 0 NUM CRC ERRORS 0 initialize SAATOP pa
14. 544232 5 Device s r Network Arrays Serial Port Arrays Test Voltage Current Check Open Raw Data File Search For Network Arrays Figure F 2 ShapeAccelArray Startup window with Using SAA232 5 Device s option checked for use with one or more SAA232 5 devices Once all SAA are connected to the SAA232 5 device s press the Search For Serial SAAs button to select serial ports etc Select the COM port s being used with the SAA232 5 device s and then click OK Then add the SAA serial numbers to look for in the Array Serial Numbers to Search window Figure F 3 and press the OK button An SAA232 5 Port Settings window then appears Figure F 4 prompting you to choose the serial ports that are connected to the SAA232 5 device s and the SAA232 5 port numbers 1 to 5 that are associated with each SAA Press OK in this window once all selections have been made SAARecorder will then startup and sample each SAA in turn The red LED next to each SAA s 5 pin green connector should turn on when that SAA is powered up and being sampled March 2013 91 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Array Serial Numbers to Search Add Array Number to Array Numbers Search List 52307 Figure F 3 Arrays Serial Numbers to Search window If the SAA serial numbers that you will be using are not already listed the box at left then type them into the text field at right and
15. 8 Saving a logger program created using the SAACR File Generator utility esses 53 Figure 6 9 Saving and Compiling the SAA logger program enne nn nnns enn nhan nsns 54 Figure 6 10 Selecting File Control in the LoggerNet Connect utility 55 Figure 6 11 Selecting Send option File seen enne enne rn nnn 56 Figure 6 12 Selecting Run Options when sending files to CR1000 logget esses eene nnne 56 Figure 6 13 Sending a program to the CR1000 c cccccccccsesssssccsecsesessssesesecsssesesaesesecseeeseasesssessceesessasesessesesesaaassesecseeenes 57 Figure 6 14 Specifying the destination of data files using the LoggerNet Setup utility eese Figure 6 15 Disabling scheduled data collection eese esee essen annees Figure 6 16 Collecting data using the LoggerNet Connect utility Figure 6 17 Enabling scheduled data collection esses esses Figure 6 18 Example of pref project txt set up being completed in Conversion Config utility Figure 6 19 Creating a task using the LoggerNet Task Master Utility 62 Figure 6 20 Configuring task options in Task Master
16. Current 194 0 mA Top Temperature 22 00 deg Cc SAA Top Octet Numbers 47421 47423 47424 Figure 3 6 Voltage Current Check for 7 3 m SAA with 900 m cable length March 2013 14 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Typically the voltage at the SAATop should be greater than 8 5V If the voltage is too low then the SAA will not return valid results As shown in Figure 3 6 a warning will be given if the voltage is too low Low voltages are typically a problem for long SAAs with long cables In those cases it is recommended that the SAA be connected to an SAA232 an SAA232 5 or an SAA Field Power unit with voltage boost The method for setting the voltage boost on an SAA232 or SAA232 5 is outlined in Appendix H For more information on boosting the voltage on an SAAFPU refer to the SAA Field Power Unit User Manual When the voltage check has been completed it is recommended that the total accelerations for the SAA be checked as well In the Diagnostic Tests window click on Total Acceleration Check A plot showing the total acceleration levels for each segment appears Figure 3 7 Verify that all values lie between 0 93 G and 1 07 G If this is not the case please contact Measurand for further diagnostic support Segment amp From Near End Total acceleration levels should range from about 0 93 G to 1 07 G for each link o H 4 0 99 1 04 1 07 Total Segment Acceleration G Acc Width 0 14 1 6 Figure
17. Help x o nis Disconnect Collect Now Custom Station Status File Control Num Display Graphs Ports amp Flags Stations Table Monitor Real Time Monitoring Clocks Show linis Adjusted Server Date Time 5 7 2012 12 55 10 PM Field Value Station Date Time 5 7 2012 4 55 34 PM Collecting data from CR1000_ BH B 22 161279 out of 716578 values have been collected Adv 0 00 00 26 ed mos E Collect any new data logged by the station Figure 6 16 Collecting data using the LoggerNet Connect utility EZSetup Wizard CR1000 BostonUK C10 NNNM Progress Scheduled Collection Introduction If you wish to have scheduled collection Communication Setup enabled for this datalogger check the box Datalogger Settings When to Collect Setup Summary Base Enter the base date and time This is Date Time when the first attempt to collect will Communication Test 4 26 2012 120000AM occur If the base is in the past data collection will be attempted immediately Datalogger Clock when the schedule is enabled Send Program Collection Interval Enter the Collection Interval The Od0OhO5mo00sd00ms S collection interval is relative to the Base Date and Time entries For instance if the Base Time is set at 12 15 and the interval is set for 1 hour data collection 3 Scheduled Collection will be attempte
18. IRSE RE RR da RR aid 41 5 Collecting SAA Data Using SAA Recorder 1 eese eese esee ee eene nn nonne nnns nnn aa eene 43 5 1 Getting Started in SAARecorder erre enirn oor spans earn op ora k a ap eR Ya Pob E oaa ESPERE Y a napa 43 5 2 Recording SAA Wi rLpicm G 44 5 3 Exporting SAA Data M 45 6 Collecting SAA Data Using a Campbell Scientific Data 99 47 6 1 Hardware Setup sis m 47 6 2 Setting Up the CR1000 Loggers scccicsssesecissssesisscensessscssesisscansesssceseeissconsesscessestsssensesssceseniacs 51 6 2 1 Using Logger NGt athe ceetdenneescachecededeaddesestencdedecnedeuseanccdoseaseestncancustdbavecedseancdedaesdeceduaunceublantet 51 6 2 2 Creating a Main Program File 6 ctio nar aa ER ERN ERR 51 6 2 3 Compiling SAA Program Fil S cc cccccccccssssscececececsesssseceeecesseaeeeseeecseseseeaeseescecseseeaeseeecsceeseaeseeeeessessaaees 54 6 2 4 Uploading Program Files to the 1000 54 6 2 5 DatasFil Manage Me nt the 57 6 3 Collecting Data From the CR1000 1111s roten nnn hh rona
19. Press OK in this window once all NAVE DOOM NER 92 Figure G 1 SAAUSB adapter This adapter allows the user to interface to a single SAA it appears as a RS 232 serial port on the PC The SAA is powered from a 12 volt wall mount supply that plugs directly into the SAAUSB The USB plug end of the SAAUSB should be plugged into the PC before plugging in the SAA and before finally plugging in the 1210016 POWE SUP DIV 93 Figure H 1 Low voltage nh na hn nasse senta 94 Figure 1 1 a Pre assembled top fitting stack b Tapping the hole for the set screw in an improvised top fitting stack Make sure to tap the hole through both the coupling and the conduit to have the strongest connection POSSI c H HR 96 List of Tables Table 4 1 Typical weights for reeled SAAS sisse ssssieseseee enne na sss aiaia a assa essa sa aaa ss ases 19 Table 4 2 Material properties and approximate dimensions for chain used to weigh down PVC conduit 21 Ig cH e S 35 Table 8 1 Typical SAA cable resistance values sesenta hannes 69 March 2013 viii measurand
20. SAASuite In order to connect a computer running SAARecorder to the SAAFPU directly via the USB port connect the serial to USB cable provided with the SAAFPU to the serial port cable on the front facing plate of the SAAFPU Once this is done plug the USB connector into a USB port on the computer The serial connection does not have any screws because it is meant to act as a quick release point in case the cable is snagged or the SAAFPU falls Output Voltage to SAA U AUXILIARY 16 5U Boost 0 for San 12U POWER 15 0U long SAAS with 13 50 long cables C Most cables SAAs 13 50 Field Pouer Unit D SAA POWER ON INDICATOR To Operate CHARGE INDICATOR amp White B Blue Connect SAA ON charging U Red Connect computer OFF charged G Black i Start SAARecorder CAC mains 5 Shield connected Search for serial SAAs Note SAARecorder povers SAA only during data acquisition SAA Tip Get your SAA Calibration Files before going into the field wuu Measur andGeotechnical com softuare html Tip Use Voltage Current Check to view SAA Input Voltage Built in AC Mains Charger 100 240UAC 45A 50 60Hz Contains 120 7Ah Non Spillable Battery Figure 3 1 SAAFPU Interface A 4 pin circular connector B 5 pin terminal block C Voltage selector D Auxiliary 4 pin terminal block March 2013 11 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 3 2 Options used for connecting the SAA
21. c MES Gron o UT ORE EE PP 19 LE MEE LLLI 21 4 3 5 SAA Install SPRRCEERDEDRONOEIECURDDRRDEDNODRRDREENERCREEEENEROENEEEERROROURIEEE 21 March 2013 lt measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 36 PEX and PEX Extension Kit s ine iaoi ngon a dece certe ade ee Ya de 21 4 4 Recommended Installation Methods for Vertical to Subvertical Installations 22 AAA SAAFPVGnistallati On a a Ya eae ex an Re 22 4 4 1 1 Assembling PVC Conduit for SAA PVC Installation eeeeeesseeeeseeee enne 23 4 4 1 2 Pulling the SAA Into the PVC Conduit cc cccccccccsessssssecececsessaseeeececseseeassesecsceesesaeaeseescesseeaaeseaees 24 4 4 1 3 Extending PEX for an SAA PVC Installation 25 4 4 1 4 Inserting the SAA PVC Assembly Into the Borehole eese eene enne 27 4 4 1 5 Aligning the X Mark in the Desired Direction eseeeseeeeeeeseeee nennen nennen enn 28 4 4 2 Installing SAA Directly Into a PVC Cased Borehole ssssssessseseseeenennenennnnne nnne 29 4 4 2 1 Assembling PVC Conduit cc ccccccccccsssssscecccecsesesesesececeeseseeseseesceesesesaeseeececsesesaeseesesseeseaasaeeececeeees 30 4 4 2 2 Inserting SAA Into a Pre Cased 32 4 4 2 3 Extending the PEX for a
22. conduit Figure 4 6c Keep pulling the SAA until one or two segments are completely out the far end of the conduit Figure 4 6d After the SAA is pulled into the conduit check the X marks at the near and far ends to make sure that they are aligned if the X mark is located on the underside of the SAA lift the bottom segment to verify the alignment Once you have confirmed that there is no twist in the SAA push a piece of PVC conduit which has been cut to length over the eyelet end of the SAA and glue it in place Also glue the end cap in place at this time 4 5 4 Closing the PVC Conduit Using the SAA Install Kit Either end of the SAA may be used as the reference end in horizontal installations The SAA should be secured at one end of the conduit but never at both There should be at least one 25 mm 1 or room at the unsecured end These measures prevent rotation and allow for some expansion and contraction of both the SAA and PVC Unlike the SAAs installed vertically it is not necessary to compress the joints for horizontal SAAs Ensure that the reference end of the SAA is stationary placed in a zone where movement is not expected to occur Once this is done tighten down the set screw at the reference end This will stop the SAA from sliding at this end of the conduit If you wish to enclose the SAA within the SAA conduit slip the rest of the top stack over the cable and screw the top stack together Tighten the gland at the top of the
23. follow the manufacturer s instructions for the product you plan to use Note It is important to follow the PVC Primer and Cement manufacturer s recommendations for set times and temperature ratings The most common Cements may fail at low temperatures Choose products which are suitable to the environment and weather you will be encountering Glue the bottom part of the top stack included in the SAA Install Kit to the cable end of the conduit at this time March 2013 39 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 5 3 Pulling the SAA Into the Conduit Note It is not necessary to check for twist on horizontal SAA installations However if you plan to re use the SAA for a vertical installation at a later time it is important to avoid applying any twist Prior to pulling the SAA into the conduit place the conduit in the trench Make sure that the conduit is straight as this is essential to pulling the SAA into the conduit Place the SAA reel on the reel stand so that the SAA unreels from the bottom Figure 4 6a Once this is done pull the rope through the eyelet and secure with electrical tape Figure 4 6b It is also possible to use a cable fishing tool to pull the SAA However if you opt to use one use a swivel connection between the SAA and the cable fishing tool to allow the SAA to freely rotate during the pulling process When ready pull the SAA into the conduit making sure that there is someone on hand to guide the SAA into the
24. m 16 1200 16 1200 16 1200 16 1200 20 1000 20 1200 20 1200 20 1200 24 800 24 1100 24 1200 24 1200 28 700 28 1000 28 1200 28 1200 32 600 32 900 32 1200 32 1200 36 550 36 830 36 1200 36 1200 40 500 40 750 40 1200 40 1200 44 450 44 690 44 1110 44 1200 48 400 48 640 48 1000 48 1200 52 350 52 590 52 900 52 1200 56 320 56 550 56 810 56 1200 60 300 60 510 60 730 60 1200 64 270 64 470 64 660 64 1130 68 240 68 430 68 590 68 1040 72 220 72 390 72 530 72 950 76 200 76 360 76 480 76 880 80 170 80 330 80 430 80 810 84 150 84 300 84 380 84 740 88 140 88 280 88 330 88 680 92 120 92 260 92 290 92 620 96 100 96 230 96 250 96 570 100 80 100 210 100 210 100 520 March 2013 84 m SHAPE ADVANTAGE Table B 2 Maximum Cable lengths for SAA with 305 mm 1 Segments SAA Manual SAA232iso 13 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB18 nom SAA232iso 16 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB18 nom SAA232iso 13 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB14 order SAA232iso 16 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB14 order SAA ft Cable ft SAA ft Cable ft SAA ft Cable ft SAA ft Cable ft 32 3940 32 3940 32 3940 32 3940 40 3280 40 3940 40 3940 40 3940 48 2620 48 3610 48 3940 48 3940 56 2300 56 3280 56 3940 56 3940 64 1970 64 2950 64 3940 64 3940 72 1800 72 2720 72
25. onto the PVC conduit in order to help align the SAA inside the borehole March 2013 24 Aa measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 6 Pulling SAA into PVC conduit Nu Figure 4 7 Closing the far end of the PVC conduit 4 4 1 3 Extending PEX for an SAA PVC Installation Standard SAAs come with 1 5 m 5 of PEX tubing attached at the top In some cases it may be necessary to extend the PEX tubing In these cases it is recommended that the PEX extension be done using the following procedures When extending the PEX use the methods described in the PEX Extension Kit Instruction Manual included with the kit In the case where less than 3 m of PEX is being added it is recommended that the additional PEX be purchased in straight pieces When using straight pieces the X mark can easily be transferred to the extra PEX piece using a straight edge and an exacto knife March 2013 25 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE In most cases the length of PEX being added is greater than 3 m and it is easier to use PEX which has been reeled up as shown in Figure 4 3 In this case it is better not to rely on the PEX for setting the azimuth of the X mark Instead use the PVC conduit which resists torsion for this purpose The PEX will still be used to apply axial compression form the top Please follow this procedure 1 Lay out and assemble PVC conduit so that it is approximately the same length as the additiona
26. sensors Appendix K provides examples for integrating other sensors into the program 6 2 4 Uploading Program Files to the CR1000 Once the program has successfully compiled both the program file and the SAA Include file must be uploaded to the CR1000 before the main program is run This is accomplished in LoggerNet using the March 2013 54 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Connect utility Figure 6 10 Right click on the Station of interest and click on File Control the station must be setup using the LoggerNet Setup utility Station Stat Graphs Parts amp Flags Clocks Adjusted Server Date Time Station Date Time 1 Select Logger you check se jJ want to connect to F Pause Clock Update 2 Click Connect 3 Once connected click File Control No Program Send Retrieve Notes List Alphabetically Xd 0 00 00 00 Interval 0mos E View and control the station s file system Figure 6 10 Selecting File Control in the LoggerNet Connect utility Once the File Control window opens the Send option is used to place the SAA Include file on the CR1000 as illustrated in Figure 6 11 The Run Now and Run On Power up options should be deselected when prompted Figure 6 12 since the SAA Include file will not run as a standalone application Note The SAA Include file must be placed on the CR10
27. ter 5 coiere correre eire eee EEx eee so SE ya aao Bey aaa Ro BE aa ea Ee BER Ranae 10 3 1 1 Connecting an SAA to the SAA Field Power Unit esee ener nnns 10 3 1 1 1 Connecting an SAA via 4 pin circular connector cccecccccceceessssececececeesesesaesecececseseaeseescsceeseaaeas 10 3 1 1 2 Connecting an SAA via 5 pin terminal block usseseeseseseseseeee eene 11 3 1 2 Connecting the Computer to the SAA Field Power 11 3 2 Using SAARecorder to Complete Diagnostic Tests eeeeeee esee eese ee eene eene nnn nnne 12 16 4 1 Safety Consideratiors 5 eie tt erii teen ka scoseessccescessscseestsscas esis scoseessscen sess s eeeetsstesesiics 16 4 2 Proper Handling of SAA 5 eeu eu ne x HR xe EO SDN Y RR REPE a Ne NEESON SSS 16 4 251 eere d eet dmt deudas Oe eae vene sebo eua 17 4 2 2 Torsion Control and Joint Care 17 4 2 3 Buoyancy Effects During Installation eene nnne rnnt nnns ennt nnns 17 4 3 Supplies Needed for Installing SAA eee eene nennen nennen nennen nuu 18 B EE oro OE 18 LESS MEN CIA CoL PE 18 7 s
28. the SAA conduit is being inserted into a small borehole and there is not enough room for both the SAA conduit and a tremie tube Note The SAA PVC installation method must be used when doing displacement grouting If an empty conduit is placed inside the grout column the buoyancy effects will make it difficult to fully insert an empty SAA conduit Timing is also important the grout should not be placed until the SAA PVC assembly is ready for insertion In displacement grouting the amount of grout required to fill the borehole is estimated using the diameter of the borehole and the diameter of the SAA conduit The grout volume required is then mixed and placed in the borehole As the SAA conduit is inserted into the borehole the grout will be displaced upwards filling the annular space between the borehole and conduit Prepare the SAA PVC assembly prior to placing the grout 4 4 4 3 Staged Grouting In some cases it is not possible to use the SAA to weight down the conduit during the grouting process For very long SAAs the buoyancy effects may be too great to easily resist using chain In these cases it may be desirable to use staged grouting In staged grouting the SAA conduit is inserted into a borehole along with a tremie tube and the borehole is grouted in two or three stages The grout should be allowed to set for 24 to 48 hours prior to doing the next stage This method is recommended for SAA conduits over 60 m in length which are t
29. the eyelet 2 1 1 6 Overall SAA length It is important to note that the SAA has both sensorized and unsensorized portions The overall length of the SAA is therefore not the same as the sensorized length This is important when deciding what length SAA to purchase The overall length of the SAA can be determined as shown below L xL L L Where L Overall length x Number of segments L Segment length L Unsensorized length at top of SAA 130 mm L Eyelet at bottom of SAA 50 mm Note If you are going to install the SAA so that it is entirely underground you will need to take into account the length of the PEX as well when determining the overall length of the SAA The shortest PEX length possible is 150 mm This is the length of hardened cable inside the PEX tubing This 150 mm section of cable which cannot be bent is measured along the PEX starting at the intersection between the top unsensorized segment and the PEX 2 1 2 Cable The cable attached to the SAA is used to provide power to the instrument and to allow for communications between the SAA and a data logger or computer Cable length can be quite long due to the digital communication protocol used by SAA The maximum cable length for a given SAA is determined by the number of segments the number of magnetometers if any and any additional equipment sharing the cable such as SAAPZ piezometers Maximum cable length tables for SAAs with no magnetometers or piezo
30. up between the two PEX rings located at the top of the SAA When placing the SAA on the reel make sure that the X mark on the PEX faces straight away from the reel This will help make sure that the on reel dots are facing outward If the on reel dots are not facing out then something is wrong See Figure 4 22b for the appearance of the on reel dots Reeling the SAA will take several minutes since it is necessary to make sure that the joints are not twisted during the process Make sure that the segments are all lined up neatly as they are placed on the reel and that the joints are all lined up Once you have finished placing the SAA on the reel make sure to secure the SAA to the reel Note Make sure you place the SAA on the reel in the same position you took it off The X mark on the PEX should be pointed straight out from the reel The joints should all be neatly arranged and lined up on the reel March 2013 41 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 22 Reel positions for SAA a Note location of PEX SAA interface b Make sure all the On reel dots are in the same position At this point you should make sure that the On reel dots are all pointed in the same direction If the SAA was reeled properly these should all be pointing straight up out of the reel as shown in Figure 4 22b If the On reel dots are all oriented in the same direction as shown then it is possible to either store the SAA or move it to another site for
31. 0 el e TxRx TxRx TxRx TxRx O CO 400000000000 Bi Eit if i Ex j Ei Ej GOOO SAAREG 2 BRTTERY v Note 3 T T _ Zz L T T 0 Note 1 Ensure that SAAF serial numbers and port numbers are matched as specified in the Main Program of the CR1 Q0 Do not arbitrarily move SAAFs to other port numbers Note 2 Note 3 Sealed lead acid deep cycle 12U battery SAA CR1000 SAA232 5 Wiring Figure 6 3 Wiring diagram for CR1000 with SAA232 5 March 2013 Solar Panel can be replaced with a mains charger if available SAA Manual SAAF Note 49 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE A Figure 6 4 Example CR800 amp SAA integration using one SAAREG two SAA232 a CR800 logger and a Raven XT Wireless Modem When setting up the earth station it is a good idea to connect the power after the SAAs are connected to the logger In order to safely connect the power to the earth station follow the steps outlined below 1 Make sure fuse from Battery is connected 2 Connect battery to regulator 3 Connect the solar panel to the regulator March 2013 50 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Once these steps are completed make sure that there is a logger program loaded If there is none load one and test the SAA and cell modem for functionality Information on how to create a logger program a
32. 0 8 6 How I check my magnetometers to make sure they are working properly 70 8 6 1 Checking magnetometer data collected with SAARecorder ccccecsessececececsesseaeeeeeeeceeseeaeeeeeeessesseaees 70 8 6 2 Checking magnetometer data collected with a data logger using SAACR raw2data 71 8 7 How do I check my SAAF for twist ssccccssssccccsssscccccssecccecssseccecssssccanssseesanssssseansssseeooss 71 8 8 Why is my data logger missing samples 73 8 9 How do I check data collected using a data logger to make sure it is good 73 8 10 I just saved samples of data Why does SAAView only show one frame 73 8 11 Canlshorten my SAA teet seo ERE ce pru EE et e doo Fa sc e 039 LE o GERE VE de Foo ONNEN RE Oo KR 73 8 12 How dol turn off or ignore 73 8 12 1 Data collected using nne 73 8 12 2 Data collected using a data logger neroian ee eriin rA E a EEEa ia EEEE 74 SAA Life ENOnSiOn wisissasisssrexenvastnstavacvaxtersauaauiavauaaustsinasmedasaaieisasseiausotasraedeusnenesovauvaiseesannes 75 Maximum Cable Lengths for SAAS vssiiscnsivsaseasiasnscnedosssvesessiesuedrrascbscervaw
33. 00 before the main program will run This is accomplished using File Control from the Connect utility The main program file can be placed in the same way by using the File Control and Send options When uploading the main program file the Run Now and Run On Power up options should be selected Note since the run program options are selected the main program will compile at this point Figure 6 13 Alternatively the Save Compile and Send option in the CRBasic Editor can be used When prompted for Run Options Run Now and Run On Power up should be selected March 2013 55 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Note If you run the program to test the logger set up make sure to remove garbage data from the logger by clicking the Stop Program button When prompted choose the Clear the Program option When finished setting up on the site click Run Options and select Run Now and Run on Power up to start collecting data To make sure no garbage data is left behind when prompted select Delete associated data tables created by r File Control CR800Series_ga x e 9 e Format Refresh Retrieve Run Options Delete Stop Program Help Bytes Free File Name Run Options Size Modified Attributes Set Run ptions on Send Figure 6 11 Selecting Send option in File Control Select Run Options SAA Include V3 03 cr8
34. 00 s What Task 1 Does File to Run C Measurand Inc SAA3D SAACR_raw2data exe Command Line C Measurand Inc SAA3D ogger filesXTestspref project tst Start In C Measurand Inc SA43D Add Scheduled Add After Delete Configure T ask gt SetTaskSettingsAck for Task 1 56428 Figure 6 19 Creating a task using the LoggerNet Task Master Utility To configure the task click on the Configure Task button Once the configure screen is open Figure 6 20 check Execute File and browse to C Measurand Inc SAA3D SAACR_raw2data exe or the appropriate folder containing this file Under Command Line Options you must specify the pref project txt file that was generated was completed It should be located in the same directory as the raw data This entry must be surrounded by double quotation marks since there is a space in the C Measurand Inc path This file contains settings necessary for SAACR raw2data to complete subsequent conversions Under Start In enter C Measurand Inc SAA3D Select Run Minimized if you don t want to see the application running when it gets called Hit Apply The Task Master will now automatically convert raw data that is scheduled to be collected using the LoggerNet Setup utility March 2013 62 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Task Options Execute File Call Station 4 Execute File F
35. 1 steel pipe is sufficient 4 3 3 Conduit The SAA is designed to be installed into a 27 mm ID electrical conduit Figure 4 2 This conduit is widely available throughout North America and suitable replacements have been located in other regions Measurand does not sell conduit for SAA installations It is recommended that the customer select PVC conduit which either has bell ends or is connected using couplers as shown in Figure 4 2 Threaded connections are not recommended as they can easily break during installation The ID for the conduit shall be 27 mm ID 1 mm If the ID is smaller than 26 mm you risk the SAA getting stuck If the ID is larger than 28 mm the SAA joints may not form a good contact with the conduit leading to reading errors March 2013 19 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 2 PVC conduit used as conduit for SAA a 27 mm ID 1 trade dimension Schedule 40 PVC electrical conduit with bell ends b End cap c Coupling for conduit without bell ends The approved conduit is normally used for electrical wiring It can most easily be obtained from electrical supply stores where it is almost universally available It is not normally available as a drilling supply Be sure to measure the ID of any conduit before using it Do not rely on markings Pipe and tubing sizes may be marked with trade dimensions which can cause further confusion Please measure If you have any questions regarding your co
36. 1000 aig bag poms yoo TxRx TxRx TxRx Oo 0 IN OO O O O O QO O O O O o iE Egi O O SAA232 SAAREG BATTERY Note 3 SAAF Note 1 SAAF Note Note 1 Ensure that SAAF serial numbers and COM port numbers are matched as specified in the Main Program of the CR1000 Do not arbitrarily move SAAFs to other serial port COM numbers Note 2 Solar Panel can be replaced uith a mains charger if available Note 3 Sealed lead acid deep cycle 12U battery Figure 6 2 Wiring diagram for CR1000 with SAA232 An example setup using a CR800 2 SAA232s and an Airlink Raven XT modem is illustrated in Figure 6 4 If the back panel assembly and wiring has been done by Measurand you will only need to connect the SAA wires to the SAA232 or one of the SAA232 5 channels This should be done prior to connecting the power to the logger i e the 4 pin green connector on SAAREG should not be plugged in while you are wiring the SAAs into the SAA232 or SAA232 5 The green connectors can be removed from the SAA232 for easier wiring When wiring the SAAs to the SAA232 and logger make sure to note which SAA serial number is connected to which SAA232 or SAA232 5 channel if applicable and the COM port to which the SAA232 or SAA232 5 is connected These must match the logger program March 2013 48 eo lt measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE CR100
37. 13 2 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 2 1 1 Segments and Joints SAAs segments are separated by flexible joints Figure 2 2a shows internal joint seals An SAA has two layers of stainless steel braid Both braids provide twist resistance and pull strength The outer braid also provides primary protection against abrasion SAA also has an overall waterproof covering which is for the most part hidden by the outer braid Care must be taken to prevent the protective coverings of the SAA from being punctured or abraded For more information regarding SAA handling see Section 4 2 2 1 1 1 Joints The layers of braid and the internal joint construction are designed to minimize twisting of the joints The joints on a SAA are designed to expand under axial compression and contract in extension Note that joints are non circular due to the reeling and unreeling process SAA are meant to be installed inside a 27 mm 1 mm conduit When pulling the SAAF into the conduit the typical joint width is 22 mm to 24 mm wide Once the joints have been snugged into the conduit the typical joint width is 27 mm 1 mm This is shown in Figure 2 2b where the joint is expanded to touch the inside of the clear conduit For horizontal installations larger diameter conduit can be used The SAA will remain at the bottom of the horizontal conduit so long as a low friction conduit such as PVC or HDPE is used Joint width in extension Typ 22 mm 24 mm
38. 3 7 Graph for Total Acceleration Check in SAARecorder March 2013 15 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 Installation Installation of an SAA is straightforward if approved conduit is used and twist prevention steps are followed In order to make sure that the installation goes as smoothly as possible it is important to be adequately prepared This chapter outlines the basic safety considerations during installation the supplies required during installation the recommended installation methods for vertical and horizontal SAAs and the steps for reeling an SAA for later re use 4 1 Safety Considerations As with any other job it is important to think about safety when installing an SAA The following general safety precautions should be followed e Study the site carefully to anticipate and remedy any safety issues For example take precautions to keep the site free of obstructions or slippery areas e Take time to make sure everyone participating in the installation is being safe e Ensure all local codes are met and safety regulations are followed In addition to the general safety precautions listed above it is recommended that the following potential hazards be considered e Stainless steel braid on SAAs can puncture the skin or damage the eyes e SAA reels are made of wood and are often sources of splinters e Facets on the reel are attached with staples Both splinters and staples from the facets can cause punctures
39. 3940 72 3940 80 1640 80 2460 80 3940 80 3940 88 1480 88 2260 88 3640 88 3940 96 1310 96 2100 96 3280 96 3940 104 1150 104 1940 104 2950 104 3940 112 1050 112 1800 112 2660 112 3940 120 980 120 1670 120 2390 120 3940 128 890 128 1540 128 2170 128 3710 136 790 136 1410 136 1940 136 3410 144 720 144 1280 144 1740 144 3120 152 660 152 1180 152 1570 152 2890 160 560 160 1080 160 1410 160 2660 168 490 168 980 168 1250 168 2430 176 460 176 920 176 1080 176 2230 184 390 184 850 184 950 184 2030 192 330 192 750 192 820 192 1870 200 260 200 690 200 690 200 1710 March 2013 85 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE C Marking On Reel Dots on an SAA If there are no on reel dots on your SAA please make some for your SAA Place them at every 8 segments for SAAs with 305 mm 1 segments or every 10 segments for SAAs with 500 mm segments This way all the on reel dots will be placed along one facet of the reel See Figure C 1 below Use a straight edge and place a dot on the segment where the straight edge meets the segment surface as shown below The marks should all face the same direction Note that the axial position of the dots on each segment will often vary See photo in Figure C 1 This is not important However it is important that the dots all face the same direction Electrical Tape or Similar Figure C 1 Marking on reel dots on an SAA March 2013 86 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE D Communicating With the SA
40. 796 weight in back Tire pressure is 600 kPa but can spike to 900 kPa 131 psi Assume same pressure in all tires Tire footprint 1 68 m Load per tire 93 mt Tire width 55 1 1 4 m Assume surface course for mine road is made crushed rock compacted to gt 95 of Proctor E 3000 psi 20685 kPa Use Modified lowa Equation to select pipe We want the conduit to carry the load so that the instrument is safe Since this is a large tire load suggest using Schedule 80 Modified lowa Equation is given below Deflection 0 1 LL DL 100 0 149 PS 0 061E Where LL Live load from tires psi DL Dead load from soil psi PS Pipe stiffness psi E Modulus of soil reaction psi Option 1 Assume 1 5 Schedule 80 PVC electrical conduit from manufacturer specifications 00 1 9 48 3 mm 10 1 476 37 5 mm Pipe stiffness 2911 psi 20070 kPa March 2013 97 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Acceptable deflection 5 Assume SAA conduit is within the surface course i e max depth corresponds with top of base course and maximum LL is combination of 2 back tires at the top of base course If conduit is located within 1 m of surface DL is approximately 3 psi Deflection 0 1 131 2 3 100 0 149 2911 0 061 3000 4 3 1 Max deflection is 5 3 which is slightly more than 5 recommended for electrical conduit but ok Deflection in mm 2 6 mm hence does not impact SAA Option 2 Assume 1 25 Schedule 80 OD
41. A Field Power Unit via Wireless pair The SAA Field Power Unit comes equipped with a wireless cable replacement feature for use when a wired connection to your PC is inconvenient The included serial to USB cable shown in Figure 3 2 can be replaced by a set of two wireless adapters Note that these adapters work as a pair and each adapter will only work with its mate One adapter in the pair is equipped with a 9 pin connector and replaces the Field Unit serial to USB cable The other adapter is equipped with a USB plug to connect to your PC These two adapters are paired and programmed at the factory and require no user setup To the PC these adapters look the same as the directly connected cable A new serial COM port will be installed the first time the SAA Field Power Unit is connected to your PC using the wireless pair The communication range of the wireless pair is approximately 20 m When plugging in the USB wireless adapter wait for the blue LED in the adapter to stop blinking and become solid This indicates that the connection to the adapter connected to the SAA Field Power Unit has been established Once the connection has been established go to SAASuite and open SAARecorder If the blue LED continues to blink make sure that the other adapter is properly connected to the serial cable Because it is possible to have some interference with the wireless communications it is necessary to add a timeout in SAARecorder This is done in the SAARe
42. AA As such the Vertical and Ref Far boxes are left unchecked For more information on the options shown in Figure 5 5 please refer to the SAACR raw2data Manual found in SAASuite Once the March 2013 45 measurand SAA Manual S HAPE ADVANTAGE conversion is complete a pop up box will open and show you the location where the multi saa allcart mat file is saved You can now view the file using SAAView see Chapter 7 Time Hours Beginning 2010 4 19 14 36 11 0 0272 0 0238 0 0204 0 0170 0 0136 0 0102 0 0068 0 0034 C Step Averages C Discrete Average s of Running Average of No Averaging Vertical Ref Far SlavedSegs iJ jf Site File only for SuperSets of SAAs Convergence SAAs non SAA sensors like PZ Figure 5 5 Selecting SAA conversion parameters March 2013 46 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 6 Collecting SAA Data Using a Campbell Scientific Data Logger SAA can be configured for use with a CR800 CR1000 or CR3000 For simplicity s sake this chapter will only discuss the CR1000 Unless otherwise stated it can be assumed that everything stated for CR1000 loggers in this chapter applies for CR800 or CR3000 loggers In order to connect the SAA to the CR1000 you will need to use Measurand s SAA232 or SAA232 5 interface device and utilities included in the SAASuite software The SAA232 interface is necessary to properly cycle power through the SAA and to conve
43. Avoid bending segments Do not apply more than 10 kgf 22 Ibs lateral force to a segment measurand ShapeAccelArray 03 07 2013 DO NOT ABRADE segments and joints Build a smooth ramp or shoehorn and or feed into out of holes with CARE d measuran saa ShapeAccelArray T 03 07 2013 March 2013 82 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE SAA is a precision Use a reel stand instrument It must be Always wind SAA treated with care exactly as it was This one was NOT wound at the factory d measurand T ShapeAccelArray V 03 07 2013 www MeasurandGeotechnical com LER Em measurand lt nj ShapeAccelArray V 03 07 2013 March 2013 83 m SHAPE ADVANTAGE B Maximum Cable Lengths for SAAs SAA Manual Note The maximum cable lengths given below are for SAA with no magnetometers or SAAPZ attached to the cable If you have either of these contact Measurand for more information on maximum cable length Table B 1 Maximum Cable Lengths for SAAs with 500 mm 19 7 Segments SAA232iso 013 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB18 nom SAA232iso 016 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB18 nom SAA232iso 013 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB14 order SAA232iso 16 5V Measurand Cable SKUCAB14 order SAAm Cablem SAAm Cablem SAAm Cable m SAA m Cable
44. Checkthe total magnitude of the magnetic field measured by each magnetometer by clicking on the tot button in the top right corner and looking at the magnitude traces The value of these traces is calibrated to be 1 0 for the Earth s magnetic field as measured at our factory located in Fredericton NB Canada but will in general be slightly different depending on the strength of the Earth s field at your location For example in many parts of South America the average strength of the Earth s magnetic field is only about half that of the magnetic field strength in Eastern Canada If the total magnitude measured by one or more magnetometers differs from that of the other magnetometer s by more than 1096 then it is likely that there is some magnetic interference near the SAA that is adversely affecting one or more of the SAA magnetometers It is generally advisable to turn off any magnetometers that are affected by magnetic interference by right clicking on their corresponding magnitude trace and then selecting the Turn Off this mag option 9 After the on off states of the magnetometer devices and a quiet time in the magnetometer data have been selected as described in the Magnetometers section of the SAACR raw2data documentation the user saves the magnetometer file typically in a subfolder of the main data folder called magdata Within this folder is a generated file called headings txt which contains a summary of the heading azimuth angl
45. EDIY ua gk d n 2 2 1 Anatomy of an SAA 2 2 1 1 Segmients Joints Fac r Foe pae Re EE EEEa lanae Fe te ra e Ex En Ego Vae a nno rada 3 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 Sens rized Segments and Octets 2 eicere eden HR LR SEE RENE A Rao PASE E cda Ea eacus Rada 3 2 1 1 3 MABMETOMETENS 4 2 1 1 4 Unsensorized SCQMENE ccccccessessssecccecsesessececececeeseeseeseescecseseeaeseeececeesesaeseeeesceeseasesesecsceecesaaaeseeses 4 2 1 1 5 DETIENE 4 2 1 1 6 Overall SAA drum 5 pA AEG 5 213 RE 5 LN MEDO Lice 6 pA SSMO 6 2 1 6 6 217 ADSL c M 7 2 2 How SAAS Work 8 221 Position DETEFMINATI OM Aa noa aeee NEEESE 8 222 ACCUACY Ot SAA ceea a a e RE E 8 3 Checking SAA Performance Prior to Installation eee eese esee eese eene eene 10 3 1 Connecting the SAA to a Corrip
46. FPU to a computer running SAARecorder 3 2 Using SAARecorder to Complete Diagnostic Tests The SAARecorder application is accessible through SAASuite It can be started by clicking on the SAARecorder button in the main screen of SAASuite Once SAARecorder is started it may ask for confirmation of using 2 D or 3 D mode and will then display the startup screen as shown in Figure 3 3 Use Last SAA Configuration Using Serial to Ethermet Device Using 544232 5 Device s Network Arrays gt _ gt Serial Port Arrays m Test Search For Network SAAs Search For Serial SAAs Voltage Current Check Dpen Raw Data File Figure 3 3 SAARecorder SAA startup screen March 2013 12 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE In order to do complete diagnostic checks you will need to go into the main window of SAARecorder This is done by following the instructions below Prior to searching for SAAs make sure that the Using Serial to Ethernet Device option is checked if you are using a serial to Ethernet or Wireless Ethernet converter such as Lantronix WiBox or the RF416 wireless serial modem If you are using one or more SAA232 5 devices make sure that the Using SAA232 5 Device s option is checked More details on using these interface devices are provided in Appendices D through G Once this is done press the Search For Serial SAAs button After pressing the Search For Serial SAAs button it
47. Install button next to Calibration Files SAARecorder DownLoad and Install V Silent Installation Up To Date SAARecorder Beta Version Download and Install V Silent Installation Beta Version Available SAACR DataChecker Download and Install Silent Installation Update Available SAAView Download and Install V Silent Installation Up To Date SAAView Runtime Environment Download and Install V Silent Installation Update Available SAASuite Download and Install Up To Date Calibration Files Download and Install V Silent Installation 7 Use HTTP for Downloads Figure 8 1 Software Calibration Files download window 8 2 How dol check for and get software updates To check for software updates click on the Get Software Calibration Files button at the bottom of the Main Applications tab in SAASuite Once the Software Calibration Files download window is open look at the far right column to check the software status Figure 8 1 Software will be listed as either Up to Date or Update Available For beta versions of software the message will remain Beta Version Available To update software utilities click on the Download and Install button next to the software you wish to update 8 3 having problems connecting my SAA to SAARecorder How do I check the connection Check the following items 1 Check which COM port the SAA is connected to To do this close all
48. Joint width in compression Typ 27 mm x so ARRET TLL NN TT TET 4 Figure 2 2 Segments joints segments joined into octets b Joint in compression inside clear conduit c Typical joint dimensions 2 1 1 2 Sensorized Segments and Octets With the exception of one mechanical only segment at the cable end of the SAA segments contain accelerometers Segments are measured joint center to joint center In standard SAAs the segment March 2013 3 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE length is either 305 mm 1 or 500 mm 1 64 Each sensorized segment contains MEMS accelerometers Sensorized segments are organized in groups of eight called octets as shown in Figure 2 2a Each octet has one segment which also contains a microprocessor and digital temperature sensor SAAs that have a number of segments not divisible by eight have one partial octet with fewer than eight segments always located at the far non cable end of the SAA 2 1 1 3 Magnetometers Any SAA can be ordered with magnetometers installed in selected segments Magnetometers are electronic compasses that provide accurate X mark heading azimuth data relative to magnetic north Magnetometers should not be used if the site is not magnetically clean i e free of ferrous material or magnetic sources such as strong electrical currents Magnetometers do not increase the diameter or increase the number of segments in the SAA Th
49. ON NOT RELEASED and changes not implemented in subsequent versions due to anticipation of new high resolution SAAs Historical significance only a SetSAAPort added to allow switching of SAA baud b CRC check removed c Temperature averaging removed just one value read in SAA data GetSAASample modified to allow this 1 8 A Addition of alarm notification through email text a input of number of masked segments from the top b input of tilt alarm in degrees c input of email notification parameters d addition of storage variable for previous readings B Addition of high resolution SAA data collection capabilities a public HIGH RES SAA As boolean added b close open and flush serial port commands added to shut down sequence when data has failed to be acquired Note When changing the version number the Include file reference below must be updated and the VERSION NUM constant in the include file must be modified 1 9 Jan 27 2010 uses updated include file CPU SAA Include V1 9 1 corrects bug in collection of high res data from SAA longer than 8 segments Note When changing the version number the Include file reference below must be updated and the VERSION NUM constant in the include file must be modified 2 3 Uses new include file CPU SAA Include V2 3 CR1 2 4 Capable of acquiring voltage current and top segment temperature from SAATop devices integrated into the top of SAA Uses new inc
50. PUBLIC VARIABLES can be modified by user to match application specifications March 2013 102 Lm measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE SAA Manual gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START Earth Pressure Cell Public Variables Public EPC NUM EPCS 6 Piezometer Public Variables Public PZ3 NUM PZ3S 6 Public Result Public Power Save Flag As Boolean add Public ACC TEMP and diagnostic variables for each SAA SAA1 Public 1 VALUES MAX NUM OCTETS NUM SENSORS PER OCTET As Float Public 1 TEMP VALUES MAX NUM OCTETS As Float Public SAA1 SAATOP VOLTAGE As Float Public 1 SAATOP CURRENT As Float Public 1 SAATOP TEMPERATURE As Float SAA2 Public 2 VALUES MAX NUM OCTETS NUM SENSORS PER OCTET As Float Public 2 TEMP VALUES MAX NUM OCTETS As Float Public SAA2 SAATOP VOLTAGE As Float Public SAA2 SAATOP CURRENT As Float Public SAA2 SAATOP TEMPERATURE As Float preliminary loop count Public PRELIM_COUNT As Float Data Tables Project Descriptor Info DataTable PROJECT INFO FIRST SCAN 1 Sample 1 PROGRAM VERSION NUM Float March 2013 103 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Sample 1 AVERAGING Long Sample 1 PROJECT NAME String Sample 1 NUMBER SAAS Long Sample NUM SAAS NUM OCTETS INDEX Long Sample NUM SAAS MAX NUM OCTETS SERIAL NUMS Long EndTable
51. PVC Installation described in Section 4 4 1 using the weight of the SAA to keep the conduit straight If you must install the PVC conduit without the SAA it is important to weight it down rather than allowing it to float up against a hard stop at the top It is recommended that the SAA conduit be weighted down using chain Do not use water to weight down the conduit unless you remove the water before inserting the SAA into the PVC Though the SAA is built to withstand up to 10 bar of water pressure it is best not to insert it into a PVC conduit which is full of water If the conduit is filled with water pushing the SAA into the water can create hydraulic pressures beyond the limits of the SAA waterproofing Note Do not use water to weight down the PVC conduit Inserting the SAA into a small water filled pipe can generate large hydraulic forces causing a breach of the waterproof coverings 4 3 Supplies Needed for Installing SAA 4 3 1 Tools When installing an SAA it recommended that the following tools be on hand e Hack saw or key hole saw e Measuring tape e Exacto knife or box cutter e Markers e Tapping tools e Zip ties e Pipe cutter e Duct tape e PEX cutter e Electrical tape e PVC cement and primer e Wire cutters e Deburring tools for PVC e Wire strippers e Screwdrivers e Wire crimpers 4 3 2 Reel Stand Always use a reel stand when reeling or unreeling an SAA A smooth flow of the SAA into its conduit will ensure minimal twisti
52. Pre Cased Borehole esses eene enne ennt nnn nnns 32 4 4 2 4 Aligning the SAA Inside the PVC Conduit ccccsessececececsessaececececeeseeaeeeeeesceesssasaeeeeseeeseaeaeeeeees 33 4 4 3 Finishing the Installation Process Using the SAA Install Kit seseeseeeeeeenener enne 33 4 4 4 Backfilling 35 4 4 4 1 Tremie GOUT er A E EA 36 4 4 4 2 Displacement Grouting ccccsessecccececsessseeseeececseseeaeeecececeeseeseeececeesesaeseseescseaeseeseescesseeaaeseaecs 37 4 4 4 3 Staged 37 4 5 Recommended Installation Method for Horizontal Installations 37 4 5 1 Preparing the Trench for Horizontal Installation 37 4 5 2 Assembling SAA Conduit for Horizontal Installation eseseseesseesesee nennen nennen enne 39 4 5 3 Pulling the SAA Into the Conduit nennen 40 4 5 4 Closing the PVC Conduit Using the SAA Install 40 455 5 dBackfilling th Trench inerti eh i a CURA S RE RES E ERRARE Rd reor xa EAR Seat v ESTER 41 4 6 Retrieving SAAS for Re Use 11e eto oppo tn to haha on Ee nh RR IR EE RR RR IRSE RR REIR a Ra RR
53. Recorder software to collect data March 2013 93 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE H Setting the voltage boost on the SAA232 or SAA232 5 As of September 2012 SAA232 and SAA232 5 contain a component which allows you to boost voltage from the battery up to an output voltage This allows long SAAs to have longer runs of cable In order to adjust the voltage you need to use a screwdriver to adjust the small screw located on the back of the SAA232 or SAA232 5 Make sure you open the Voltage Current Check so that you can monitor the voltage at the SAA Figure H 1 shows the warning that is shown for an SAA with low Voltage To adjust the voltage turn the screw until the warning in the Voltage Current Check disappears Voltage Current Parameters For Array SAAF 45904 80 500 SAATop Channel 0 LL Voltage is too low should be greater than 8 21 volts for 5 47 olts array SAAF 45904 80 500 Current 176 66 ma Nominal Current 194 0 mA Top Temperature 2200 SAA Top Octet Numbers 47421 47423 47424 Figure H 1 Low voltage warning March 2013 94 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE l Materials Used in SAA Install Kit The materials provided in the SAA Install Kits are outlined in Tables 1 1 and 1 2 It is possible to create your own install kit specific to your PVC conduit using the list of materials as a guide The fittings used in the SAA Install Kits are available at most hardware stores or electr
54. Run Now 8 Preserve data if no table changed Delete associated data tables created by E Run On Power up Figure 6 12 Selecting Run Options when sending files to CR1000 logger March 2013 56 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE E Connect Sc File Edit Vie Dati rand_Test CR1000 CR1000 y Wa zig x ogger Help Disconnect CollectNow Station Status File Control Stations Table Monitor Real Time Monitoring Clocks EJ File Control Measurand Test CR1000 cg X Send Format Reliesh Retrieve Run Options usu usto bomen Device Bytes Free File Name Run Options Size Modified Attributes CPU 417280 SA Include V2 amp amp crl 59 097 KB 2011 09 02 10 01 40 RW Check Sea CRD 16384 SAA_Communicat or M 14 36 KB 2011 09 02 10 08 32 RW E Show Units Adjusted Server Date Time 01 01 1990 00 00 00 Station Date Time 01 01 1880 00 00 00 E Pause Clock Update Compiling the program amp R _3 14360 out of 14360 bytes have been transferred V Set Run Options on Send 2 files Changing the file s run options F List Alphabetically bu 0 00 13 28 Start Interval 00mO3s Figure 6 13 Sending a program to the CR1000 6 2 5 Data File Management It is critical that the data files generated by the CR1000 are effectively managed The output folders for CR1000 data files are specified under the Data F
55. SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 1 Introduction Measurand s ShapeAccelArray SAA is a flexible calibrated 3D measuring system It measures 2D and 3D shape and 3D vibration using a compact array of MEMs accelerometers and proven ShapeTape ShapeRope algorithms Unlike collections of tilt sensors or arrays of sensors that bend in a single direction SAAs require no other guides or fixturing They bend freely without a preferred axis in 2 degrees of freedom and may be mounted vertically or horizontally SAAs also roll up for shipping and storage SAAs do not significantly extend or compress and therefore should be oriented perpendicular to the anticipated displacement direction vertical horizontal or in between Measurements taken with SAAs are taken relative to stable ground or to a survey point Gravity measurements by triaxial MEMS accelerometers allow 3D shape to be determined when segments are within 60 of vertical Otherwise software must be set to calculate only 2D shape SAAs can also capture 3D real time vibrations such as from earthquakes or pumping of grout SAAs have been used in many different applications such as In situ monitoring of unstable slopes SAAF Monitoring of civil engineering structures SAAF Monitoring of mines and excavations SAAF SAAScan Measuring drill hole shape SAAScan Laboratory research SAAF SAAFlex SAAR SAAs can be read using data loggers or using computers running sp
56. Shield Note If you are using an older SAA the wiring may use different colors for the RS485 A and B communications wires please check with Measurand if you are unsure how to connect these wires 2 If you have to connect using a USB port you will need Measurand s SAA232 USB cable as shown in Figure E E 2 The green 4 pin connector will connect into the four pin terminal block in the SAA232 Make sure that the USB connector is plugged into an available USB port on the computer that will be March 2013 90 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE running the SAARecorder application The red wire should be connected to a 12 V power supply and the black wire should be connected to Ground on the same power supply 3 If you wish to connect to the SAA232 via a serial port on your computer connect the PC serial port to the green 4 pin connector on the SAA232 using the following wiring Pin 1 PC serial port receive RX Pin 2 PC serial port transmit TX Pin 3 12 V Power Pin 4 GND must be connected to both power supply and PC serial port 4 Go to SAASuite and start SAARecorder When the ShapeAccelArray Startup window appears make sure that the Using SAA232 5 Device s checkbox is checked see Figure F 2 then press the Search For Serial SAAs button ShapeAccelArray Startup SAARecorder version 4 68 E Available Serial COM Ports COM1 Use Last Array Configuration Using Serial to Ethemet Device Using
57. aded onto the logger for the main program file to work properly JC gt Computer LocalDisk C Measurandinc SAASuite v 4 Search SAASuite Date modified Type 2 22 201310 07 AM File folder 8 3 2012 11 55 AM CR8File 8 14 20121244 PM File Figure 6 8 Saving a logger program created using the SAACR File Generator utility March 2013 53 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 6 2 3 Compiling SAA Program Files Once the main program and the SAA Include file have been successfully generated the main program file can be viewed using the LoggerNet CRBasic Editor At this time it is also possible to add other code for instruments or powering the SW12V port on the logger An example of a program in which additional sensors have been added is provided Appendix K Once the code has been added it should be compiled to make sure that there are no errors To successfully compile the new program the SAA Include file generated with the program is also required The SAA Include file should be placed in the same directory as the main program to avoid compilation errors Note that the SAA Include file will not successfully compile alone it gets compiled as part of the main program Once the two files are located within the same directory it is possible to save and compile the program as illustrated in Figure 6 9 Note The SAA Include file is not meant to compile on its own The SAA Include file sho
58. ake sure that no foreign objects are inside the PVC pipe The edges of conduit over which the SAA is being installed should be smoothed to prevent abrasion using a deburring tool as shown in Figure 4 5 When gluing the PVC using PVC primer and cement make sure to follow the manufacturer s instructions for the product you plan to use Note It is important to follow the PVC Primer and Cement manufacturer s recommendations for set times and temperature ratings The most common cements may fail at low temperatures Choose products which are suitable to the environment and weather you will be encountering March 2013 30 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE It is highly recommended that the joints of the PVC conduit be taped after gluing them together This is to make sure that the joints have enough time to set properly before being inserted into the borehole The easiest method to use is to assemble the PVC conduit as you lower it into the borehole Start by gluing and taping the end cap onto the bottom most piece of PVC before inserting it into the borehole Lower the first piece of PVC conduit then glue the next piece on and tape the joint as shown in Figure 4 13 Due to buoyancy effects you will need a helper to hold the pieces in place while you work as shown in Figure 4 13a Keep adding more conduit gluing and taping each joint until you have assembled the required length of conduit Figure 4 13 Assembling PVC conduit downhole
59. arch 2013 8 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Based on this definition of precision given above it can be seen that precision can properly be applied to either the shape or the deformation so we prefer speaking of accuracy of absolute shape and accuracy of deformation In almost all geotechnical applications it is important to track the deformation In most cases knowledge of an absolute shape is only needed to understand the borehole or installation variables which can affect deformation monitoring In these cases the accuracy of deformation is more important The typical accuracy of deformation value given for a 32 m long SAA is 1 5 mm Although the accuracy degrades for longer SAAs it does so in relation with the square root of the length of the SAA rather than degrading linearly For example a 64 m SAA will have an accuracy of deformation of 2 1 mm rather than 3 0 mm Accuracy of deformation can be improved by averaging multiple samples together into a single reading The accuracy improves in relation to the square root of the number of samples averaged together to produce a single reading The number of SAA samples used to compute an average reading can range from 100 to 25500 The larger the number of samples the better the accuracy but computational time also increases It is recommended for most applications that the averaging interval be set to 1000 SAAs manufactured since March 2010 have Averaging in Array capabilit
60. ascasaiwesnsssicneduansas 84 Marking On Reel Dots on an SAA ssesissssssessessaressoscseescasedsssssnsreesvesseaseaesiesseassseosasesneosussas 86 Communicating With the SAA Field Power Unit via Wireless pair 87 Connecting an SAA to computer running SAASuite using an SAA232 88 Connecting an SAA to a computer running SAA Suite using an SAA232 5 90 Connecting an SAA to a computer running SAASuite using the SAAUSB Adapter 93 Setting the voltage boost on the SAA232 or 5 232 5 94 Materials Used in SAA Install Kit asocia seite ease tap paa rra oaa Rasa ea Rav Pan Ra Reus 95 Sample Calculations for Pipe Ovalization in Horizontal Installations 97 Integrating Other Sensors Into the Main Program Advanced 99 March 2013 V measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE List of Figures Figure 2 1 Anatomy of an SAA a Placement of X mark and SAA label on the PEX tubing at the near end of the SAA b Placement of the X mark and eyelet at the far end of the enn 2 Figure 2 2 Segments and joints a SAA segments joined into octets b Joint in compression inside clear conduit c Typical joint 5 dass spass sata asses sa dass ssa das
61. averaging level of up to 25500 can be used Calculations for the SAA s can be made in one of three possible modes i Near Vertical 3D ii Near Horizontal 2D and iii Mixed H V mode Convergence The near vertical mode is used if all segments of the SAA are greater than 30 degrees relative to the horizontal The near horizontal 2D mode is appropriate when no sections of the SAA are inclined more than 60 degrees relative to the horizontal The mixed convergence mode is appropriate when one or more but not all segments of the SAA are inclined more than 60 degrees relative to the horizontal This mode is normally used for SAAs that are being used to monitor circular shapes such as the circumference of a tunnel For more information on using the mixed mode please refer to the SAARecorder Software Manual 5 2 Recording SAA Data To record SAA data to a raw shape array rsa file on your PC select the File Save Raw Data File menu option in SAARecorder or press the Spacebar key This brings up the recording window shown in Figure 5 3 March 2013 44 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Sample 1 0 00 03 722 mi mi mi Figure 5 3 Playback Recording window for recording raw shape array rsa data The recording can be stopped by closing the Playback Recording window pressing the stop button in the above window or selecting File Close Raw Data File from the main menu Once the recor
62. been collected from the SAAs based upon the reading frequency data can be manually collected by clicking on Collect Now in the Connect utility A summary of the data collected is summarized as illustrated in Figure 6 16 Note Data is collected based upon scheduled interval not upon elapsed time since the program was started If the program is written so that data is collected every 30 minutes and it is 29 minutes after the hour data will be collected in 1 minute If it 31 minutes after the hour data will be collected in 29 minutes 6 3 2 Automated Data Collection Once the manual data collection process has been tested the data collection process can be automated by specifying the desired data collection interval in the Schedule tab of the LoggerNet Setup utility Figure 6 17 Check the Scheduled Collection Enabled checkbox As long as the destination CR1000 is connected wired or wirelessly data will be downloaded to the Output File Directory The Campbell Scientific Raven X manual provides details of configuring a wireless connection with the CR1000 The Campbell Scientific LoggerNet manual provides details of configuring a connection with the CR1000 using a land line A trial test should always be conducted before beginning a project to ensure that the system is performing as expected March 2013 59 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Connect Screen CR1000_BostonUK CR1000 File tditro View Duialogues
63. boxes open in SAARecorder and select Communications Check available COM ports This will show you a list of the serial COM ports currently available Unplug the USB to serial converter and repeat the action The list will have decreased by one port this is the port which the SAA interface is using Connect the March 2013 68 measurand SAA Manual 2 3 4 5 6 SHAPE ADVANTAGE USB to serial converter to the same USB port and make sure to only select this port when you search for Serial SAAs Check to make sure that the 12 power is properly connected to the SAA interface For the SAAUSB make sure that the 12 power supply is plugged into the SAAUSB and the mains power For SAA232s or SAA232 5s make sure that the 12V and ground ports on the logger is connected to the red and black pins in the 4 pin connectors Do not use the SW12V power port to supply power to the SAA since this port could be turned off If you are using an SAAFPU make sure that the unit is fully charged using a multimeter Check that the SAA connector is properly wired and or seated to the interface For the 4 pin round SAAF connector check for cable damage behind the connector Check to see if the LED on the SAAUSB interface is lit Check that the driver for the USB to serial converter has been installed and is up to date If you are not sure re install SAARecorder Once this is done unplug the USB to serial converter and plug it back in to the same po
64. can cause large torsional moments on the joints and twist them beyond their elastic limits Don t do it It is better to place the SAA sight on its top X mark and use the sighting data to correct the azimuth in software 03 07 2013 Anything cable rope SAA wound on a reel takes on a low stress twist during winding During un winding the twist comes back out To avoid adding excess twist during winding and unwinding allow the straight part of the SAA to rotate freely Any added twist will not come back out see also next slide Winding pitch is exaggerated here Always minimize spaces between SAA turns in exactly the factory wound format 78 A measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE ShapeAccelArray Lam um measurand ShapeAccelArray March 2013 SAA Manual During winding the SAA must be allowed to rotate about its axis roll as it goes on the reel During un winding the SAA must be allowed to rotate about its axis as it comes off the reel Always allow rotation and you will not induce twist beyond the elastic limits of the SAA The foregoing means As you unreel an SAA into a hole it will rotate The X marks will rotate with it Allow this to happen When the SAA is at its final position THEN use the X marks to align its azimuth or if there is any obstruction SIGHT on the X marks and use an azimuth offset in the s
65. cement of the SAA conduit The conduit can be assembled directly in the trench or it can be assembled next to the trench and then placed inside the trench before pulling the SAA inside 4 5 2 Assembling SAA Conduit for Horizontal Installation In horizontal installations it is sometimes easier to use a larger conduit than the one typically recommended for vertical installations The larger conduit makes it easier to extract the SAA when the monitoring program is done It also makes it possible to account for ovalization of the conduit due to the soil load above the SAA An example of how to calculate pipe ovalization due to live and dead load is presented in Appendix J Make sure to select the appropriate pipe cross section for your particular site When assembling SAA conduit all PVC conduit ends should be kept clean from dust oil and snow Look inside the PVC conduit to make sure that no foreign objects are inside it The edges of conduit over which the SAA is being pulled should be smoothed with a deburring tool to prevent abrasion as shown in Figure 4 5 Lay out the SAA conduit either adjacent to the trench in which you are installing the SAA or in the trench itself If you are using rope to pull the SAA into the PVC make sure to pull the rope through all conduit sections before gluing these together The install kit includes a wire to enable fishing a rope through each section When gluing the PVC using PVC primer and cement make sure to
66. corder Startup by checking the Using Serial to Ethernet Device box Figure D 1 Once the box is checked it is possible to modify the timeout from the default 500 ms The recommended range for the timeout is 200 ms to 500 ms Make sure Using Serial to Ethernet Device option is checked Timeout Use Last Array Configuration Using Serial to Ethemet Device 500 ms Using 544232 5 Device s Network Arrays Serial Port Arrays Test Search For Network Arrays Search For Serial Arrays Voltage Current Check Open Raw Data File Figure D 1 Adding a timeout in the startup window in SAARecorder March 2013 87 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE E Connecting an SAA to computer running SAASuite using an SAA232 Single SAA can be connected to Measurand s SAA232 interface shown in Figure E 1 The SAA232 incorporates a resettable fuse and surge protection and automatically applies power to an SAA only when there is serial RS232 data being sent from the PC to the SAA232 It also converts the RS232 communications protocol from a PC serial port to the RS485 communications protocol that the SAA uses Figure E 1 SAA232 The 4 pin green connector connects to the RS232 port of the computer The 5 pin green connector connects to the SAA The following steps should be taken when using the SAA232 converter with an SAA 1 Connect the SAA to the green 5 pin connector on the SAA232 Figure E 1 The SAA wiring is as follows P
67. could also damage in SAA circuitry Any equipment which can offer two points of support to the SAA PVC assembly can be used Examples of on site equipment are shown in Figure 4 9 These examples include a scaffolding b bulldozer and c drill rig and derrick The supports should be wide enough or include side posts so that the SAA PVC cannot slip off sideways Teamwork and communication are key for making sure that the insertion process goes smoothly Make sure helpers avoid abrupt pushes and uncoordinated movements Discuss the sequence with all involved before starting the insertion measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE For long SAAs length gt 50 m or 165 it is a good idea to use a winch and cable to lower the SAA PVC assembly The cable should be attached near the bottom of the assembly to help control the descent of the assembly into the borehole A tight loop of cable held by a cable clamp and secured to the PVC with gear clamps is recommended A rope may be used instead of a cable if it is large enough for the load and abrasion is avoided Please take precautions to avoid any hand damage from cables or ropes and falling objects The hanging fixture supplied in the SAA Install Kit Figure 4 10 may be used to hold the SAA temporarily at an elevation should the insertion need to be paused Note If the SAA is being inserted into an existing inclinometer conduit it is recommended that a tremie tube be attached to the SAA PVC ass
68. ctly and the SAA is not moving and is either vertical or within 45 degrees of vertical the X axis heading values should remain relatively fixed within 1 degree and should also agree fairly well within 5 degrees with one another assuming that the twist along the length of the SAA is not excessive In the absence of any magnetic interference the magnetic field strength measured by each device should agree with the other devices to within 596 March 2013 70 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 8 6 2 Checking magnetometer data collected with a data logger using SAACR raw2data If you are converting data logger data using SAACR_raw2data you will need to In the Settings window of SAACR raw2data press the Advanced mag button Press Continue Choose or create a file to which magnetometer data will be saved ex magdata mat Open the same file you just saved Press the Specific Settings button Should see an Azimuth vs Time graph with a single trace of Change in Azimuth for each magnetometer 7 If the SAA is stable i e not being rotated or moved at all and none of the magnetometers are affected by magnetic interference then the change in azimuth plots for each magnetometer should remain quite close to O degrees Significant changes from O degrees i e more than 1 degrees would indicate that either i the SAA was rotated or ii there was some magnetic interference acting upon the magnetometer s 8
69. d at 12 15 1 15 etc Data Files Wizard Complete Previous Next gt Finish Cancel Schedule Help Figure 6 17 Enabling scheduled data collection March 2013 60 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 6 3 3 Manual Data Conversions It is possible to use the SAACR raw2data utility to convert SAA data and data from the following instruments vibrating wire piezometers strain gauges and vibrating wire earth pressure cells It is also possible to convert multiple SAAs into one long superset SAA In order to use these functionalities you will need to create a site file for the project and place it in the appropriate SAARecorder folder c Measurand Inc SAARecorder Calibrations site site filename N B if the site folder does not exist in the c Measurand Inc SAARecorder Calibrations folder you will need to create it to save your site files there You will also need to place the calibration files for the other instruments into the appropriate SAARecorder calibrations folder c Measurand Inc SAARecorder Calibrations non_saa_coeffs For more information on these aspects and how to use the converter please refer to the SAACR_raw2data Manual Once the conversion is completed you will be prompted on whether or not you want to view the data using SAAView 6 3 4 Automated Data Conversions Automated data conversion requires generating a pref_project txt file This can be done in two ways This first way does not require having any
70. data but there will be gaps in the data To avoid this issue make sure to periodically check the Logger Diagnostics table to ensure that the voltage is above 11 5 V 8 9 How dol check data collected using a data logger to make sure it is good Use the CRDataChecker utility in SAASuite to verify the raw data files collected using a data logger are good CRDataChecker provides colour coded graphs of the SAA data vs time Instructions for using the CRDataChecker can be found in the CRDataChecker Manual found on the Advanced Applications tab of SAASuite 8 10 just saved 3 samples of data Why does SAAView only show one frame SAAView has a default filter which will average several readings together and present these in the Filtered view presented at the right hand side of the main SAAView window In order to view all data either change the filter using the methods described in the SAAView Manual or make sure that you are looking at the data in the unfiltered View located at the left of the main SAAView window 8 11 Can I shorten my SAA To shorten an SAA it must be sent back to Measurand Due to the octet structure the changes to the calibration required when an SAA is shortened and the waterproofing systems it is not possible to shorten an SAA yourself If you need to shorten the SAA consider instead using the Turn off Ignore Segments option available in SAARecorder or SAACR raw2data 8 12 How do turn off or ignore segments In so
71. ding has been stopped a dialog appears prompting you to select a filename for the recorded data Selecting the File Save Raw Data File menu item saves the raw data as soon as it arrives at the PC Note Before starting a long term recording session check your Windows Power Management settings to make sure that the computer will not automatically power down the hard drive or go into a reduced power state if left unattended for an extended period of time 5 3 Exporting SAA Data Raw data recorded in SAARecorder as RSA files can be converted to a multi saa allcart mat file that can be easily opened in Measurand s SAAView software SAAView has many graphical interfaces and options available for viewing SAA data over a long period of time In order to convert one or more RSA files to a multi saa allcart mat file which can be opened in SAAView select the File Export raw data to SAAView menu item of SAARecorder Note The Array Reference and the Modeling Mode settings need to be set to the appropriate settings when exporting to SAAView You will next be prompted to select the raw data file you wish to export Once a file has been selected you will be prompted to select the averaging options for the conversion Figure 5 4 After the averaging options have been set you will be prompted to select the SAA conversion parameters Figure 5 5 For this example the SAA is horizontal and the reference end is at the cable end or Near End of the S
72. e SAA properly in SAARecorder The Array Reference setting allows the user to select which end of the SAA near cable end or far tip end to use as the reference end or starting point for SAA calculations measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Array Reference Reference to Far Tip End a Averaging 21 Modeling Mode 2 D Mode Mixed mode some segment s more than 60 from horizontal Loc a Figure 5 2 Basic Settings Window It allows the user to view and change the reference point for the SAA near or far the amount of averaging to perform and the modeling mode 2 D or 3 D The Averaging setting allows the user to specify how many samples of raw data are averaged on an ongoing basis The averaging value can be set to anywhere from 1 i e no averaging to 1000 i e average the last 1000 samples for computing displayed data Setting the averaging value in SAARecorder does not affect the contents of a raw data file although it does affect data exports to either SAAView or one of the other text output formats In most cases it is preferable to use AIA Mode as described in Section 2 2 2 To use AIA mode make sure the AIA mode check box is checked Normally it is recommended that the averaging level for AIA data collection be set to 1000 Although sometimes when collecting data in noisy environments where there is some significant vibration it is preferable to use a higher averaging level An AIA
73. e assembled top stack 1 3 4 NPT Liquid Tight Male Straight Connector 20 3 4 Liquid Tight nonmetallic Conduit Reducing Bushing NPT 24 reduced to Schedule 40 PVC Male Terminal Adapter 1 Schedule 40 PVC Female Adapter 1 Schedule 40 PVC Female Adapter 24 Schedule 40 PVC Coupling 1 6 long Schedule 40 1 PVC Conduit 3 long Schedule 40 1 PVC Conduit Gland NPT 18 8 SS Sealing Pan Head 20 1 PVC End Cap large Tie Wraps e o e re RP RP WwW RP epe 1 Pipe Clamp Hanging Fixture Figure 1 1 a Pre assembled top stack b Tapping the hole for the set screw in an improvised top stack Make sure to tap the hole through both the coupling and the conduit to have the strongest connection possible March 2013 96 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE J Sample Calculations for Pipe Ovalization in Horizontal Installations NOTE These are sample calculations given as an example of how to determine the pipe size stiffness and burial required This exercise should be done using the appropriate values for the specific site Minimum acceptable pipe size after deflection is 25 mm ID Maximum deflection allowed is 5 for electrical conduit Problem Want to measure road deflection for a mine haul road using SAA Can SAA be used and what is the minimum depth of burial Truck is a CAT 797F mining truck Two axle truck with 2 front tires 4 back tires Loaded truck carries 3396 weight in front and 6
74. e expected direction of movement e g downslope for landslide monitoring The top and bottom X Marks are also used to verify that the SAA has not been twisted by mishandling See Chapter 8 7 for more details 2 1 5 On reel Dots When an SAA is reeled or unreeled without applying any torsional strain there is a slight change in heading at each joint due to the helical shape of the winding The same thing occurs in any cable hose or rope which is reeled or unreeled The twist incurred during the reeling process is elastic and will be recovered during the unreeling process When the SAA is unreeled into a conduit the outward facing On reel state marks will rotate and no longer be facing at the same azimuth This is expected and does not indicate that mechanical twist has occurred at the joints In fact the joints are resuming their factory calibrated headings It should not be confused with mechanical twist which can remain in the joints as an error after unreeling Mechanical twist is a plastic yielding response arising from the application of additional torsional moment and is to be avoided On reel state of the SAA is marked at the factory If your SAA does not have the on reel dots as shown in Figure 2 4a then you should put them on yourself using the procedure shown in Appendix B Figure 2 4 On reel dots on SAA a On reel dots placed at factory b Orientation of X marks versus on reel dots 2 1 6 Reel SAAs are shipped on a
75. e magnetometers are placed in the same segments as MEMS accelerometers Typically magnetometers are installed near the top middle and bottom of the SAA This is done to provide overall azimuth and relative azimuth along the SAA Data from the magnetometers are used by Measurand software to reference the SAA data to magnetic north The data are also used to verify and if necessary correct any twist that might have inadvertently been introduced This is useful when SAAs are very long gt 30 m Magnetometers are also useful on short SAAs suspended at depth such as at the end of a long length of PEX Figure 2 3 View of SAA with magnetometers in SAARecorder Magnetometer data is shown with azimuth and magnetic field strength information 2 1 1 4 Unsensorized segment Every SAA contains one unsensorized segment at the cable end of the SAA see Figure 2 1 This unsensorized segment is used to join the cable to the SAA The length of the unsensorized portion of the SAA is 130 mm measured from joint center to the PEX 2 1 1 5 Eyelet In addition to the unsensorized segment at the top of the SAA there is a short piece of PEX tubing at the bottom of the SAA to which an eyelet is connected Figure 2 1b The eyelet is used to pull the SAA into March 2013 4 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE PVC conduit as discussed in Section 4 4 1 The overall length of this attachment is 50 mm measured from the far end of the last segment to the far end of
76. ecialized Measurand software This manual covers the background theory of how SAAs work as well as how to install and use SAAs Discussion herein covers the use of the SAA field model SAAF which is the most commonly used model of SAA In most cases the discussion herein applies for the other models of SAA but there are some differences which must be considered These differences between SAAF SAAScan SAAFlex and SAAR are discussed in their respective manuals March 2013 1 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 2 Background Theory This chapter is broken down into two major sections 1 Terminology and what to specify when ordering 2 How SAA works and how to maximize repeatability 2 1 Anatomy of an SAA An SAA is an array of sensorized rigid segments separated by flexible joints Each segment contains 3 MEMS accelerometers which measure tilt along X Y and Z axes The accelerometers also provide triaxial measurement of vibration at selected segments As shown in Figure 2 1 an SAA has the following major components segments and joints communication cable PEX tubing eyelet X marks on reel markings and a label These are described in more detail below Communication Cable PEX Unsensorized Segment Sensorized Segments Figure 2 1 Anatomy of an SAA a Placement of X mark and SAA label on the PEX tubing at the near end of the SAA b Placement of the X mark and eyelet at the far end of the SAA March 20
77. eck for 7 3 m SAA with 900 m cable length esses 14 Figure 3 7 Graph for Total Acceleration Check 15 Table 4 1 Typical weights for reeled SAAS scssccccccscessesssscecscessessesscesecsseessasesesecseeeseaseaesecseeesesseasseesesesessaassesseseeesaaaess 19 Figure 4 1 Examples of reel stands used in SAA installations Note that the orientation of the reel on the reel stand depends on the type of installation done For more information refer to Section 4 4 esses 19 Figure 4 2 PVC conduit used as conduit for SAA a 27 mm ID 1 trade dimension Schedule 40 PVC electrical conduit with bell ends b End c Coupling for conduit without bell ends sess 20 Figure 4 3 Items required to extend PEX on SAA A extra PEX tubing obtained at plumbing supply store B Measurand PEX couplers and crimp rings PEX Crimping tool 22 Figure 4 4 Work flow for installing SAA using SAA PVC installation method esses esee enne 23 Figure 4 5 Deburring the PVC a Typical PVC deburring tools b Example of deburring note that both the inside and outside edges are to be deburred esses esses eene nnns 24 Figure 4 6 Pulling SAA into PVC conduit nennen enean anas sse asa
78. ed into a large diameter pre existing conduit This method can be used for either SAA PVC installations or to pre install the SAA conduit prior to receiving the SAA However it is important to make sure that the SAA conduit is weighted down prior to grouting to avoid sinuating the conduit Note Tremie grouting will cause the SAA conduit to become buoyant Make sure that it is properly weighted down using either SAA or chain in order to avoid sinuating the conduit In tremie grouting a tube is inserted to the bottom of the borehole and the grouting is done starting from the bottom of the conduit Grout is pumped into the tremie tube until it starts to appear at the borehole surface Figure 4 18 The tremie tube is then removed from the borehole or it may be left in place sacrificed When tremie grouting is used it is important to take into consideration the dimension of the tremie tube Too big and it will not fit in the borehole or casing with the SAA conduit too small and it will be impossible to pump grout to the bottom of the borehole In order to make the insertion of the tremie tube easier it is recommended that it be inserted at the same time as the SAA conduit Avoid excessive pump pressures when grouting Tremie Tube SAA Casing Figure 4 18 Tremie grouting SAA conduit into a borehole March 2013 36 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 4 4 2 Displacement Grouting Displacement grouting should be used when
79. embly before lowering the assembly into the conduit Another option is to do displacement grouting In most cases it is recommended that the borehole into which the SAA will be installed be over drilled This way the SAA PVC assembly can hang in the borehole which will lead to the PVC and SAA being as straight as possible In order to help support the SAA during the grouting process fasten the hanging fixture supplied in the SAA Install Kit to the top of PVC Figure 4 10 Figure 4 10 Using hanging fixture to provide support to SAA PVC 4 4 1 5 Aligning the X Mark in the Desired Direction Raise the PVC approximately 30 cm so that it is not sitting on the bottom of the borehole It should be able to rotate freely in the conduit Pump it up and down while turning it If the PVC does not move freely DO NOT FORCE IT Leave the SAA PVC as it is and take a reading of its azimuth offset degrees relative to the intended direction This offset can be cancelled in the converter or viewer software to rotate the data to the intended azimuth March 2013 28 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 11 Lifting and aligning the SAA PVC using the hanging fixture Once the PVC is able to freely rotate turn the PVC so that the X mark is pointed in the desired direction e g downslope Once you have done this lower the PVC to rest on the hanging fixture At this point it is possible to complete installation by following
80. ere a new file will be created with all records that have not yet been recorded The Output Format should be left at the default ASCII Table Data Long Header TOA5 March 2013 57 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE EZSetup Wizard CR800Series flnrbc CR800Series Progress Datalogger Table Output Files Introduction For each table listed select a file name to which data will be written and check the box if you wish to have the table collected during scheduled collection Communication Setup Tables Datalogger Settings Table Collected During Data Collection LOGGER DIAGNOSTICGOPS J PROJECT INFO 7XPublic J PZ3 DATA Append to File Jf SAA1 DATA ff SAA1 DIAGNOSTICS Output File Name J SAA2_DATA C Campbellsci LoggerNet CR800Series_finrbc_L f IREE J SAA2 DIAGNOSTICS f SAA3_DATA Setup Summary Data File Option Communication Test Datalogger Clock 3 Data Files Scheduled Collection Note If table definitions are empty or out of date you may wish to get them from the datalogger Click the Wizard Complete button to get them Get Table Definitions 4 Previous Next gt Finish Cancel Collection Help Figure 6 14 Specifying the destination of data files using the LoggerNet Setup utility Note Before a new project begins any CR1000 data files residing in the output file directory should be removed Otherwise data from the new project may
81. es measured by each magnetometer These headings are useful for gauging exactly how much the SAA might be twisting PWN EP 8 7 How dol check my SAAF for twist SAAs are delivered on a reel with dots on the SAA facing out from the reel This is your assurance that the SAA is properly reeled and will be free of twist If a reel stand is used and the SAA is unreeled directly from the reel into its conduit while being allowed to rotate within the conduit it will not be twisted in the conduit All portions will point at the same azimuth direction This can be verified by using the X marks and on reel dots on the SAA Figure 8 4 If using SAA PVC installation methods then the presence of twist can be checked by looking at the X marks on the near and far end of the SAA and verifying that they are both pointing in the same direction As shown in Figure 8 4 the on reel dots all face outwards when the SAA has been properly reeled March 2013 71 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE DAS TES np ht ny e E 4 Li x 1 Y A E Figure 8 4 X marks vs On reel dots X marks are long straight lines normally found at the near and far end of the SAA On reel dots are dots found on every 8 or 10 segments on the SAA When the SAA is unwound into its conduit the on reel marks will rotate and no longer be facing the same azimuth This is expected and does not indicate that mechanical twis
82. for recording raw shape array rsa data The recording can be stopped by closing the Playback Recording window pressing the stop button in the above window or selecting File Close Raw Data File from the main menu Once the recording has been stopped a dialog appears prompting you to select a filename for the recorded data iai ei inepta asd a Eon Esa V RARE 45 Figure 5 4 Selecting file averaging 5 46 Figure 5 5 Selecting SAA conversion parameters esesesss nnns nnns aaa asas sa dadas ases sa sas 46 Figure 6 1 SAA232 and SAA232 5 for connecting SAA to COM ports on CR1000 loggers Note the SAA wiring guide on the side panel dr EERE RARE EAE Ea 47 Figure 6 2 Wiring diagram for CR1000 with SAA232 sessi esee nnnnnn nns 48 Figure 6 3 Wiring diagram for CR1000 with SAA232 5 cccccsccccccsssessssssssecsseesssseesecsesesesseassessesesessaaeseseesssessaaeseseeseeenes 49 Figure 6 4 Example CR800 amp SAA integration using one SAAREG two SAA232 a CR800 logger and a Raven XT 55 m M 50 Figure 6 5 LoggerNet Utilities menu Figure 6 6 SAACR File Generator utility Figure 6 7 SAA232 or SAA232 5 Channel selection Figure 6
83. fy that it can be removed without snagging Table 4 2 Material properties and approximate dimensions for chain used to weigh down PVC conduit Material Steel Finish Zinc plating Inside link length 25 mm 1 Inside link width 10 mm 0 4 Material diameter 5 5 mm 0 2 Weight 0 6 kg m 0 4 Ibs ft 4 3 5 SAA Install Kit The SAA Install Kit includes various parts which make preparing for SAA installation more convenient and which produce a secure installation in less time The PVC fittings in the kit referred to as the top stack surround the PEX at the cable end of the SAA A blunt nose setscrew threaded into the fittings holds a vertical SAA at its set azimuth while maintaining axial compression to snug the joints and provides a secure hold at the cable end of horizontal SAAs The top stack helps keep surface water out of the 27 mm ID PVC conduit holding the SAA and help prevent outside forces and moments from being applied to the SAA Use of the kit replaces the previous method used for compressing the SAA joints inside the conduit cutting slots and using gear clamps to secure the SAA A photo of the top stack is included in Appendix Two versions of kit are available one with selected tools and one without any tools The kit is recommended for vertical or horizontal installations It is possible to make your own installation kit using fittings specific to your conduit In this case use the instructions provided in Append
84. g of the SAA always go from reel to PVC conduit or from PVC conduit to reel whether the PVC is on the ground or in a borehole e Keep the joints carefully aligned on the reel roll it the same way each time The on reel dots should line up when properly reeled Take pictures and notes to make sure you do this properly e Usea reel stand e Inspect the SAA for cuts or other damage before inserting it into the conduit e Remove sharp edges from the conduit before installing the SAA e Always lift the SAA at least 30 cm from the bottom of the conduit before rotating the SAA inside the PVC conduit When rotating the SAA pump the SAA up and down 10 cm to minimize friction and twist e Avoid any motions that will apply torque to a joint The segment you move may not be the one that gets the torque so think about the mechanical response along the SAA when applying a force or moment to it e DO NOT bend the joints beyond 45 The only time bends greater than 45 are acceptable is when the SAA is stored on its reel e DO NOT pull on the communication cable Pull on the PEX or the SAA itself e DO NOT exceed the maximum 320 kg force 700 Ib pull strength of the SAA e DO NOT exert more than 22 kg force 50 Ib of compressive force on the SAA when it is outside of conduit e DO NOT exert more than 45 kg force 100 Ib on joints 27 mm ID 1 049 conduit e DO NOT expose the protective coverings of the SAA to abrasion by dragging the SAA on the
85. get concatenated to the existing data file causing abnormalities in the results 6 3 Collecting Data From the CR1000 6 3 1 Manual Data Collection For each setup the PROJECT INFO SAAx DATA SERIAL ERRORS LOGGER DIAGNOSTICS and SAA DIAGNOSTICS data files must be recorded Data files scheduled to be collected are listed in the Data Files tab of the Setup utility and have a green check mark next to them Data Tables Public and Status are not required for data collections as they only store one record of data at a time They are used only for real time viewing Ensure that these tables are not selected for Scheduled Collection by de selecting the Included for Scheduled collection option for that table Until data collection is properly configured scheduled data collection should be disabled This is accomplished by unchecking the Scheduled Collection Enabled checkbox in the Schedule tab of the LoggerNet Setup utility Figure 6 15 Data can only be collected now by forcing a data download in the LoggerNet Connect utility by clicking on Collect Now Figure 6 16 Whenever the CR1000 is connected using the Connect utility in LoggerNet the station s clock time should be checked to ensure that valid time stamps are being applied to the data Correct time stamps cannot be easily recovered from erroneous values The CR1000 s clock is set by clicking on Set Station Clock in the Connect utility which will a
86. hat you use the method described below to weight the conduit during the grouting process 2 If the SAA is not available use steel chain as described in Section 4 3 4 to completely fill the PVC conduit Test a 3 m 10 length of conduit with chain to ensure that the chain will not snag in March 2013 29 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE the conduit The chain will pack in the conduit therefore bring enough chain to overfill the conduit by 5096 Note Do not use water to weigh down the PVC conduit The water will make it difficult or impossible to insert the SAA into the PVC since the hydraulic forces will cause the self snugging joints of the SAA to compress If the joints block the water egress the attempt to insert the SAA could lead to hydraulic pressures beyond the pressure ratings of the SAA protective coverings Once the SAA or chain in is the conduit it is possible to grout the conduit into the borehole The most commonly used process for installing the SAA directly into the PVC cased borehole is shown in Figure 4 12 Use hangingfixture to keep PVC from sitting on bottom of the borehole Placechain in PVC to withstand buoyancy effects Wait 24 hours for grout to set before removing chain Transfer X mark to PEX Figure 4 12 Work flow for installing SAA into a pre cased borehole 4 4 2 1 Assembling PVC Conduit All PVC pipe ends should be kept clean from dust oil and snow Look inside the PVC pipes to m
87. ical contractor supply stores To create your own top stack with a set screw you will need to find some set screws with O rings Get a tapping tool with the same thread as the set screws Make sure to place the set screw through the thickest section of the fittings Figure 1 1 Tap the fitting as shown in Figure 1 1 To get the O rings to sit flush against the conduit you will need to flatten the coupling underneath the set screw using a file Table 1 1 SAA Install Kit 1 with tools Quantity Item Description 1 Pre assembled top stack 1 3 4 NPT Liquid Tight Male Straight Connector 20 3 4 Liquid Tight nonmetallic Conduit Reducing Bushing NPT reduced to 7 Schedule 40 PVC Male Terminal Adapter 1 Schedule 40 PVC Female Adapter 1 Schedule 40 PVC Female Adapter Schedule 40 PVC Coupling 1 6 long Schedule 40 1 PVC Conduit 3 long Schedule 40 1 PVC Conduit Gland NPT 18 8 SS Sealing Pan Head 20 1 PVC End Cap large Tie Wraps PVC Quick Set Cement with MSDS PVC Primer with MSDS Teflon Tape 3 4 PEX Tubing Cutter Drill Tap Bit 20 NC Multi Screwdriver 1 Pipe Clamp Hanging Fixture 22 cable fishing wire Deburring tool e e e e RP RP BP RP e e Orbe e e BP he Small flathead screwdriver March 2013 95 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Table 1 2 SAA Install Kit 42 without tools Quantity Item Description 1 Pr
88. ies With AIA technology the SAA is prompted to take a set number of samples and calculate the average This results in a much more precise reading Prior to the emergence of AIA data were collected from the SAAs and the averaging was done either in the logger or the computer Before AIA data loggers could take over 30 minutes to collect readings AIA allows data samples to be collected much faster than previously available For example taking the average of 1000 readings standard averaging level will take less than 10 s to output a value from the SAA March 2013 9 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 3 Checking SAA Performance Prior to Installation Prior to installing the SAA it is desirable to check the performance of the SAA to verify that no damage occurred during shipping This is done by completing diagnostics check using the SAARecorder application The SAARecorder application is a free software utility accessible through the SAASuite software package The SAASuite is free and available for download from the Measurand website at the following address http www MeasurandGeotechnical com Software html 3 1 Connecting the SAA to a Computer The most frequently used connection solutions for connecting an SAA to SAARecorder are as follows connecting through an SAA232 or SAA232 5 interface unit connecting through an SAA Field Power Unit SAAFPU or connecting through an SAAUSB adapter For clarity the discussion below only deals
89. ik sk sk ok sk K ok ok ok ok ok ok ok K K K K ok K ok ok ok ok ok K FK ok K K K K K ck ok K ok oko K ok K ok ok K K ck K K ok K ok K ok 2K ok K K K ck K K OK K K K K K ok K K K K ck K ck OK K K K OK K OK K K K OK K K K K KK K K K K K K ok ok K 8 ok K K K K K OK K K OB K K o e K K Sub GetArrayData Purpose gets all of the array data Inputs None Vik sk sk ok ok K ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok K ok ok ok K ok ok K ok ok K GE ok K FK ok K K K ok K K ok ok FK K ok ck K K K K ck ok oko K SK ok K K K ok K ck ck ck ok ok ok K ok K K ok ok K K ck K K OB K K 2K OK K K K OK K K K ke K K K Ek 2K SK SK SK SK SK K K SE E DE SK ok K OK CE SE SE K OK CE OK CE K K K Sub GetArrayData Scan 1 sec 0 1 need this dummy scan to auto allocate data tables March 2013 105 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE fill in project info table CallTable PROJECT INFO Call GetLoggerDiagnostics CallTable LOGGER DIAGNOSTICS add calls to each SAA and store data in respective tables 1 If HIGH RES SAA Call GetHighResSAAData SAA1 ACC VALUES SAA1 TEMP VALUES 1 Else Call GetSAAData SAA1 ACC VALUES SAA1 TEMP VALUES 1 Endlf CallTable SAA1 DATA If SAA1_SAATOP gt 0 Call GetSAATopData SAA1 SAATOP VOLTAGE SAA1 SAATOP CURRENT SAA1 SAATOP TEMPERATURE 1 Endlf TurnOffSAA232 5 1 SAA2 If HIGH RES SAA Call GetHighResSAAData SAA2 ACC VALUES SAA2 TEMP VALUES 2 Else Call GetSAAData SAA2 VALUES SAA2 TEMP VALUES 2 End
90. ile Name C Measurand Inc SAA3SD SAACR_raw2data exe Command Line Options C Measurand Inc SA4A43D logger_files T est pref_pr Start In C Measurand Inc SAA3D Run Minimized 12 1 Figure 6 20 Configuring task options in Task Master Note The path name to the pref project txt file must be surrounded by double quotation marks since there is a space in C Measurand Inc Verify that the Pause All Tasks check box under the Status tab of the Task Master utility is unchecked Figure 6 21 The SAACR raw2data utility will now run upon successful completion of a scheduled data download A progress bar will now appear after a scheduled data download indicating that the SAACR raw2data utility is running If any of the files required by SAACR raw2data are open while the program is being executed an error message will be generated Data can be viewed at any point by running SAAView and viewing the most recent data which has already been automatically converted Note Any of the files required by SAACR raw2data e g calibration files multi saa allcart txt cannot be open while the process is running Otherwise an error will be generated It is also possible to create the pref project txt file following a manual conversion of the data In this case it is necessary to collect and convert data manually at least once to create the pref project txt file The file is then used in task master as described previously t
91. iles tab in the LoggerNet Setup utility Figure 6 14 By default the data is stored in the C CampbellSci LoggerNet directory and given a name of DataloggerName_TableName_ dat It is suggested that the output folder location be changed from this default location to another folder prior to collecting data It is generally easiest to create a data folder in the C Measurand Inc SAA3D logger_files directory to facilitate automated data conversions later on An archive raw folder should be created in the data folder for conversion purposes To change the output file name you will need to select each file in the Tables box shown in Figure 6 14 and point it towards the desired output folder individually using the Output File Name It is important not to change the table name but only the folder For example the Project Information file is saved by default to CXCampbellsciNLoggerNetNCR1000 PROJECT INFO DAT This can be changed to C Measurand Inc SAA3D logger_files Test CR1000 PROJECT INFO DAT Note If you opt to change the output file name DO NOT change the output table name only change the folder location The File Output option should be set to Append to End of File Figure 6 14 The CR1000 keeps track of the last record that was successfully sent to the destination folder If the output file already exists the new data will be appended to the end of the file If the file does not exist or has been moved elsewh
92. in 1 White wire RS485 A Pin 2 Blue wire RS485 B Pin 3 Red wire 12 V to SAA Pin 4 Black wire GND Pin 5 Shield Note If you are using an older SAA the wiring may use different colors for the RS485 A and B communications wires please check with Measurand if you are unsure how to connect these wires March 2013 88 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure E 2 SAA232 USB cable This is a USB to serial converter for use with SAA232 The red wire shown above should be connected to a 12 volt supply and the black wire should be connected to GND of the same supply 2 If you have to connect using a USB port you will need Measurand s SAA232 USB cable as shown in Figure E 2 The green 4 pin connector will connect into the four pin terminal block in the SAA232 Make sure that the USB connector is plugged into an available USB port on the computer that will be running the SAARecorder application The red wire should be connected to a 12 V power supply and the black wire should be connected to Ground on the same power supply 3 If you wish to connect to the SAA232 via a serial port on your computer connect the PC serial port to the green 4 pin connector on the SAA232 using the following wiring Pin 1 PC serial port receive RX Pin 2 PC serial port transmit TX Pin 3 12 V Power Pin 4 GND must be connected to both power supply and PC serial port 4 Go to SAASuite and start SAARecorder Once the software sta
93. ior to pulling the SAA into the PVC make sure that the conduit is straight this is essential to pulling the SAA into the conduit At this time place the SAA reel on the reel stand so that the SAA unreels from the bottom Figure 4 6a Once this is done pull the rope through the eyelet and secure with electrical tape Figure 4 6b It is also possible to use a cable fishing tool to pull the SAA However if you opt to use one use a swivel connection between the SAA and the cable fishing tool to allow the SAA to freely rotate during the pulling process When ready pull the SAA into the conduit making sure that there is someone on hand to guide the SAA into the conduit Figure 4 6c Keep pulling the SAA until one or two segments are completely out the far end of the conduit Figure 4 6d After the SAA is pulled into the conduit check the X marks at the near and far ends to make sure that they are aligned if the X mark is located on the underside of the SAA lift the bottom segment to verify the alignment Do NOT turn the SAA inside the PVC this could induce twist Once you have confirmed that there is no twist in the SAA push a piece of PVC conduit which has been cut to length over the eyelet end of the SAA and glue it in place Also glue the end cap in place at this time It is good practice to tape these joints in order to support them while the cement sets If you need to extend the PEX and are using a PEX extension kit transfer the X marks
94. is piece will be added on after the X Marks have been checked In order to minimize the handling of the SAA PVC assembly prior to insertion into the borehole lay out the PVC sections so that the bell ends are away from the borehole If you are using rope to pull the SAA into the PVC make sure to pull the rope through all PVC sections before gluing these together The SAA Install kit includes a wire to enable fishing a rope through each section of PVC When gluing the PVC using PVC primer and cement make sure to follow the manufacturer s instructions for the product you plan to use Note It is important to follow the PVC Primer and Cement manufacturer s recommendations for set times and temperature ratings The most common cements may fail at low temperatures Choose products which are suitable to the environment and weather you will be encountering March 2013 23 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 5 Deburring the PVC a Typical PVC deburring tools b Example of deburring note that both the inside and outside edges are to be deburred It is a good practice to tape the joints of the PVC conduit after gluing them together This is to make sure that the joints are not pulled apart before fully setting If you do not need to add any extra PEX to the SAA glue the bottom part of the top stack included in the SAA Install Kit to the top of the PVC conduit at this time 4 4 1 2 Pulling the SAA Into the PVC Conduit Pr
95. ix as a guideline for materials required to produce your own installation kit 4 3 6 PEX and PEX Extension Kit The PEX Extension Kit includes 5 PEX couplers with stainless steel braid 20 PEX crimp rings and a crimping tool Clients can either source additional PEX locally or buy it directly from Measurand The PEX couplers provided in the kit are designed to provide a solid mechanical connection to hold the March 2013 21 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE weight of the SAA and to resist any twist at the PEX connection something that traditional PEX couplers cannot do It is possible to purchase sets of 5 PEX couplers and 20 PEX crimp rings without the crimping tool contact Measurand for more details The items required to extend the PEX tubing on the SAA are shown in Figure 4 3 For instructions on when to use a PEX Extension Kit please refer to Sections 4 4 1 3 and 4 4 2 3 Instruction on how to use the PEX Extension Kit are provided in the PEX Extension Kit Manual included with the kit 22 a d Extra PEX lt fi and Crimp Rings PEX Crimping Tool Figure 4 3 Items required to extend PEX on SAA A extra PEX tubing obtained at plumbing supply store B Measurand PEX couplers and crimp rings C PEX crimping tool 4 4 Recommended Installation Methods for Vertical to Subvertical Installations There are two recommended methods for installing the SAA The first i
96. l PEX 2 Push the PEX into the PVC conduit The PVC conduit will help straighten out the PEX tubing making it easier to feed the SAA cable through the PEX 3 Use a cable fishing tool to pull the SAA cable through the PEX Make sure that the crimp rings and coupler are placed between the two pieces of PEX to be attached Figure 4 8a 4 Make sure to mark the X mark on the PVC conduit containing the SAA Figure 4 8b 5 Connect the PEX tubing using the methods described in the PEX Extension Kit Instruction Manual Figure 4 8c 6 Glue the PVC conduit pieces together Figure 4 8d 7 Markthe X mark on the PVC containing the PEX for later use during the alignment procedure 8 Attach the bottom half of the top stack included in the SAA Install Kit to the top of the PVC conduit Figure 4 8 Extending PEX for SAA PVC installations March 2013 26 lt lt measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Prior to inserting the SAA PVC assembly into a borehole it is a good idea to tighten the set screw in the top stack If this is done the SAA will not move inside the PVC during the insertion process When inserting the SAA PVC assembly into the borehole you will need to support the assembly in order to maintain the minimum recommended radius of 3 5 m 11 5 for 500 mm segments and 3 m 10 for 305 mm segments If a smaller radius is used it is likely that segments will be bent which will lead to errors in measurement and
97. latest shape reading and a black line representing the difference between the initial and latest readings In order to view intermediate readings you will need to use the ViewUnfiltered or ViewFiltered option in the main menu Complete instructions for the use of SAAView are provided in the SAAView Manual View Adjust Export SAA and non SAA data including pre filtering azimuth offset and alarms Project C Users Christiane BOSTON UK Logger 4 23 12 Tami s logger files and raw2data output multi saa allcart mat Tami s logger files and raw2data output Select Project 0 90 0 00 0 00 No PreviewX def nemruew pee Def vs t 25 991 024 x Y 0 15 01 0 05 0 20 05 01 0 15 02 02 0 02 0 100 200 300 in days Figure 7 1 Selecting an SAA to View in SAAView March 2013 66 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 7 2 Quickview of absolute shape plots for SAA in SAAView March 2013 67 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 8 Frequently Asked Questions 8 1 How dol get calibration files for my SAA Calibration files for SAA are downloaded using SAASuite To download the files when you buy an SAA open SAASuite and click on the Get Software Calibration Files button at the bottom of the Main Applications tab Once in the Software Calibration Files download window Figure 8 1 click on the Download and
98. lf CallTable SAA2 DATA If SAA2 SAATOP 0 Call GetSAATopData SAA2 SAATOP VOLTAGE SAA2 SAATOP CURRENT SAA2 SAATOP_TEMPERATURE 2 Endlf TurnOffSAA232 5 2 CallTable SAA DIAGNOSTICS record serial errors table CallTable SERIAL ERRORS March 2013 106 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE turn off outputting of project descriptor info after first run FIRST SCAN false NextScan EndSub Sub GetVWData Scan 1 sec 0 1 need this dummy scan to auto allocate data tables Get Piezometer Data SerialOpen COM4 38400 4 0 0 AVW200 Result COM4 0 200 PZ3 1 1 1 1 NUM_PZ3S 1400 3500 1 60Hz 1 0 CallTable PZ3 DATA AVW200 Result COM4 0 200 EPC 1 1 1 13 NUM_EPCS 1400 3500 1 60Hz 1 0 CallTable EPC_DATA SerialClose COM4 NextScan EndSub DEFINE MAIN PROGRAM BeginProg setup project descriptors D gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START Enter the Project Title PROJECT NAME Integration Example gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt END March 2013 107 Lm measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE SAA Manual NUMBER SAAS NUM SAAS AVERAGING NUM TO AVG PROGRAM VERSION NUM VERSION NUM HIGH RES SAA true declare the serial numbers each octet for each SAA SAA1 S N 50013 nodes 50013 50019 50070 50083 50206 50225 50315 50347 50402 50413 50416
99. lude file CPU SAA Include V2 4 CR1 2 5 Nov 12 2010 Added acquisition of logger voltage and temperature for diagnostic purposes 2 6 Nov 29 2010 Added code for using SAA232 5 device for combining up to 5 SAAs on a single serial port 2 61 Dec 7 2010 Fixed bug in 2 6 for 2nd array data data table 2 62 Dec 13 2010 Modified to sample some preliminary samples as fast as possible upon powerup before switching to regular scan interval for samples March 2013 100 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 2 63 Mar 10 2011 Modified to include array serial numbers in SAA diagnostic files 2 64 Aug 10 2011 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V2 63 CR1 2 65 Aug 11 2011 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V2 64 CR1 2 66 Aug 25 2011 Modified to provide an error table for each array connected to the datalogger 2 67 Sept 27 2011 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V2 66 CR1 2 68 Oct 7 2011 Modifieed to use new include file CPU SAA Include V2 67 1 got rid of unused tilt alarm stuff 3 00 Oct 20 2011 Simplified cleaned up code uses new include file CPU SAA Include V3 0O CR1 3 01 Dec 5 2011 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V3 O1 CR1 3 02 Dec 12 2011 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V3 02 CR1 3 03 Mar 05 2012 Modified to use new include file CPU SAA Include V3 03 CR1 DECLARE USER SPECIFIED CONSTANTS m
100. may be necessary to wait for up to about one minute for the PC to detect which SAAs are connected You will be prompted to enter serial numbers for each of the SAA that are being used see Figure 3 4 below SAAs equipped with an SAATop SAAs constructed starting in late 2011 generally have an SAATop will automatically be added to the SAA Numbers field For SAAs without an SAATop it will be necessary to enter the serial numbers manually Click OK and SAARecorder will start searching for the SAAs listed Once in the main widow in SAARecorder click on Diagnostics Diagnostic Tests in SAARecorder to access the diagnostic test window Figure 3 5 At this point it is possible to check the voltage for the SAA by clicking the Voltage Current Check This will return values for voltage current level and temperature at the top of the SAA as shown in Figure 3 6 Note that this check is only available for SAAs equipped with an SAATop Figure 3 4 Enter the serial number of the SAA connected to the PC March 2013 13 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Choose a diagnostic test for array SAAF 53852 4 Sensor Noise Test Total Acceleration Check Voltage Current Check Data Diagnostics Figure 3 5 Diagnostics Tests window in SAARecorder Voltage Current Parameters For Array SAAF 45904 80 500 SAATop Channel 0 SS 5 47 olts array SAAF 45904 80 500 Current 176 66 mA Nominal
101. me cases the SAA in not fully installed into a borehole In these cases it is possible to turn off segments and ignore them in the data viewer 8 12 1 Data collected using SAARecorder To turn off segments in SAARecorder select SAA Setup Advanced Turn on off section of SAA This will open a text box in which you can enter the numbers of the segments you wish to turn off March 2013 73 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 8 12 2 Data collected using a data logger In order to turn off segments for data collected using a data logger you must use SAACR raw2data In the Settings window enter the segment numbers you wish to turn off in the Turn Segment Off box March 2013 74 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE A SAA Life Extension SAA Life Extension Of particular importance to Scanners those who run SAA in and out of holes frequently d m ran 077 mtf ure V 03 07 2013 SAA comes on a reel Joints have elastic limits Coverings can be abraded Segments can be bent Care is required Please read on measurand 07 ShapeAccelArray 03 07 2013 2013 75 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE These instructions apply to either standard _ SAAs on left or SaaScan on right and are particularly important for Scanners customers repeatedly measuring holes or drill strings 95 Scanners Please use SaaScan Lifetime will be greatly extended and twist much less measura
102. meters are presented in Appendix B 2 1 3 PEX PEX tubing is used in SAA construction to protect the communication cable from damage to provide a secure way of retrieving the SAA and to set the azimuth of the SAA if the SAA itself is not visible from the surface Each SAA comes with 1 5 m 5 of 34 PEX attached at the top If this length is not sufficient to reach the surface or end of a borehole it is possible to extend the PEX using extra PEX and a Measurand PEX Extension Kit Clients can either source additional 24 PEX locally or buy it directly from Measurand The PEX couplers provided in the kit are designed to provide a solid mechanical connection to hold the weight of the SAA and to resist any twist at the PEX connection something that traditional PEX couplers cannot do In cases where the PEX tubing is extended beyond 10 m 32 in length the PEX will provide only approximate azimuth control For best results in these cases it is recommended that magnetometers be March 2013 5 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE integrated into the SAA or that the SAA PVC installation method see Section 4 4 1 be used with azimuth control provided by PVC extending to the surface 2 1 4 X Marks X Marks are placed at the top and bottom of the SAA as shown in Figure 2 1 The software calibrated X axis for each sensor is aligned with the X Marks Installers often align the X Mark at the top of a vertical SAA so that it lines up with th
103. n to Overwrite Existing File Figure 6 22 for the SAA data files the PROJECT INFO SERIAL ERRORS LOGGER DIAGNOSTICS and SAA DIAGNOSTICS files should NOT be changed The SAACR raw2data program will recognize that only the most current data is being collected This data will be appended to the multi saa allcart mat file so that a complete data history is maintained The multi saa allcart txt file text file of all Cartesian coordinate records will no longer be updated in this mode just the multi saa curcart txt text file of most recent Cartesian coordinate records March 2013 64 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE r EZSetup Wizard CR1000_ Progress Datalogger Table Output Files Introduction For each table listed select a file name to which data will be written and check the box if you wish to have the table collected during scheduled collection Communication Setup Tables Datalogger Settings V Table Collected During Data Collection LOGGER DIAGNOSTIGPS J PIEZO INFO J PIEZO1 DATA Communication Test vPI EZU2 DATA y Yd 203 DATA No Output File Datalogger Clock y PROJECT_INFO Append to File gt lt Public Ei F1000_BostonUK_L Send Program f SAAI DATA 4 SAA1 DIAGNOSTICS Setup Summary Data File Option 3 Data Files Scheduled Collection Note If table definitions are em pty or out of date you Get Table Definitions may wish to get them from the da
104. nd 107 ShapeAccelArray 03 07 2013 All SAAs have X marks left at both ends Most SAAs have DOTS facing out from the reel Some SAAs have extra X marks such as on each segment What do they mean Please read on d m rand lt immer DAVA 03 07 2013 March 2013 76 Lamm measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE mE measurand ShapeAccelArray Lam um measurand ShapeAccelArray March 2013 SAA Manual DOTS on a reel should face out When the SAA is un wound and straight the dots will NOT BE LINED UP They will precess around the circumference of the SAA They are ONLY for checking that the SAA is properly wound without twist For more information on marks see the SAA Installation Guide 03 07 2013 X Marks on a straight SAA should always line up If they do not the SAA is twisted When the SAA is wound on a reel X Marks will precess around the circumference of the SAA and will NOT LINE UP X Marks are only for checking that a straight SAA is not twisted For more information on marks see the SAA Installation Guide 03 07 2013 77 measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE mE measurand ShapeAccelArray TA Q 4 Reversible Twist Lamm measurand ShapeAccelArray March 2013 QD 4 SAA Manual Classic bad practice If you move the reel with SAA in the hole friction or a tight spot down hole
105. nd load it is provided in the following sections of this chapter 6 2 Setting Up the CR1000 Logger Note The CR1000 logger setup can be done prior to taking the earth station in the field for installation saving time in the field 6 2 1 Using LoggerNet Setup of the CR1000 to collect SAA data requires a basic understanding of Campbell Scientific s LoggerNet software For more information on Campbell Scientifics s LoggerNet software visit the Campbell Scientific website to obtain the user manual http www campbellsci ca The LoggerNet toolbar is shown in Figure 6 5 For the purpose of this manual the following utilities will be used 1 Setup Utility used for connecting to or changing connection settings of a Campbell Scientific device e g the CR1000 CR3000 or CR800 This utility is found in the Main Menu 2 Connect Utility used for managing device connection and manual data collection This utility is found in the Main Menu 3 CRBasic Editor Editor and compiler used for Campbell Scientific programs This utility is found in the Program Menu 4 Task Master Utility used for automating data collection and conversion This utility is found in the Main Menu Main Program Data Tools Utilities Favorites 5 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC Figure 6 5 LoggerNet Utilities menu 6 2 2 Creating a Main Program File Program files for collecting SAA data using the CR1000 can be created using the Measurand SAACR File Generat
106. nduit selection please contact Measurand In general the overall length of the joined PVC should be the same as the overall length of the SAA see Section 2 1 1 6 Remember to account for the length of the PVC inside the coupler For example if the PVC conduit is purchased in lengths of 3 m 10 and the length of the coupler is 50 mm 2 the actual length of each section of PVC is 2 95 m 9 10 so for a 60 m 200 SAA you will need 21 pieces of PVC conduit not 20 If the SAA will be installed at depth you will need extra PVC conduit to bring the cable and extra PEX to the surface Note DO NOT install SAAs without a conduit The conduit is a key component in allowing the SAA to monitor deformations over a long period of time An end cap is mandatory for the bottom of the conduit to keep the joints snugged and to prevent water ingress In cases where the conduit does not have bell ends you will also need to provide couplings Examples of both end caps and couplers are shown in Figure 4 2b and Figure 4 2c respectively Note The PVC conduit used for SAA installation is very flexible Tests have shown that deflection per applied load for the PVC conduit is approximately 10 times greater than for standard inclinometer conduit To assemble the conduit you will need to use a PVC primer and cement The primer helps to soften the PVC making it easier for the PVC Cement to weld the two pieces together This is particularly helpful in c
107. ng and flexing of the SAA joints If the reel stand is omitted unreeling and reeling will inevitably be jerky and uncontrolled A reel stand can easily be constructed using saw horses from the hardware store and a long sturdy metal bar The weight of an SAA and its reel depend on the length of the SAA and the length of the communication cable attached to the SAA Table 4 1 gives the weights of reeled SAAs for three common SAA lengths Make sure that the materials used to construct the reel stand are sturdy enough to support the weight of the reel and SAA Examples of various reel stands used for SAA installation are shown in Figure 4 1 March 2013 18 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Table 4 1 Typical weights for reeled SAAs SAA length m Width of reel m Weight of SAA and reel kg 30 0 4 43 65 0 8 77 100 1 1 113 Note Weights given above do not include the weight for extra cable Additional cable will increase the weight make sure to use sturdy materials for the reel construction Figure 4 1 Examples of reel stands used in SAA installations Note that the orientation of the reel on the reel stand depends on the type of installation done For more information refer to Section 4 4 Note Reel stands should be able to support at least 227 kg 500 Ibs of weight It is important that the bar supporting the reel is strong and rigid enough that it will not bend under the weight of the SAA cable and reel Schedule 80
108. o be installed prior to receiving the SAA shipment 4 5 Recommended Installation Method for Horizontal Installations The recommended installation method for horizontal installations is similar to the method outlined in Section 4 4 1 for SAA PVC installations in vertical boreholes In this case the SAA PVC is placed in a trench and surrounded by bedding sand as shown in Figure 4 19 The purpose of the bedding sand is to protect the SAA from large particles and stones which are commonly found in construction fill material The work flow for horizontal installations is shown in Figure 4 20 Note For most horizontal installations the cable end of the SAA is used as the reference point though the far end can also be used as the reference point The instructions below assume that the reference end is located at the cable end of the SAA 4 5 1 Preparing the Trench for Horizontal Installation It is recommended that the SAA be installed into a trench that is at least 300 mm 1 deep by 300 mm 1 wide The depth of the trench needed depends on the particle distribution of the soils surrounding the trench The SAA is to be surrounded by bedding sand as shown in Figure 4 21 to protect it from damage and minimize any local effects from large rocks March 2013 37 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 4 19 Horizontal installation of SAA adjacent to train tracks a SAA PVC placed in trench containing bedding sand and geotextile to wrap a
109. o set up automated conversion The procedure for automating the data conversion process in this case is Disable scheduled data collection in the LoggerNet Setup utility Send program files both main and SAA Include to the CR1000 Set the path for data files in the LoggerNet Setup utility Manually download the data from the logger and perform a manual conversion This will generate the required pref project txt file e Setup anew task using the Task Master utility previously described f Manually download the data again g Enable scheduled data collection at the desired data collection interval If you do not follow this procedure you run the risk of having data gaps March 2013 63 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 3 Task Master File Edit Help Setup Status Messages Task Name Action Event Type Event Trigger Last Time Run Next Time to Run Task 1 Execute File After Successful CR1000 Bosto Run Selected T ask Pause All Tasks gt TaskStatusEnumerateAck for Task_1 56428 Figure 6 21 Viewing the status of scheduled tasks in Task Master 6 3 5 Saving Data in Overwrite File Mode If data is to be collected over long time periods eventually the SAA data files will become very large and require an increasing amount of time to process Once the automated data conversion process has been setup it is possible to switch the File Output Optio
110. oftware 03 07 2013 79 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE If you MUST adjust the azimuth of an SAA not recommended especially if reel is attached lift it from the bottom of the hole and ensure it is free of any friction Then very carefully move the reel measurand 107 ShapeAccelArray 03 07 2013 Joint Straight bent down and bent down going on reel without added twist Joint Straight twisted bent down still twisted and bent down going on reel WITH added twist 2 LT d measuran sani ShapeAccelArray V 03 07 2013 March 2013 80 Lom ms measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE emm measurand ShapeAccelArray Lam m measurand ShapeAccelArray March 2013 SAA Manual Reel Reel Transfer DO NOT DO THIS Twist is inevitable even for this best case reel reel orientation Transferring to another reel DO unreel onto a polished flat floor and then reel onto another reel Or unreel reel using a smooth vertical borehole Beware of friction Remember to let the SAA roll during reeling unreeling 03 07 2013 Transferring to another reel A change in number of facets on a reel will result in a different pitch of the helix and hence a different amount of low stress twist Do not expect the dots to face properly on the new reel New dots should be marked on a new reel if it is a different size 03 07 2013 81 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE
111. old weather conditions when the chemical weld reaction may be impacted by the temperature Selection of the PVC primer and cement depend on the temperature and acceptable setting times Check the manufacturer s specifications to find information regarding set times vs temperature All March 2013 20 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE weather quick set cements tend to set in less than 10 minutes for temperatures between 20 C and 30 5 F and 90 F but you must verify the temperature ratings and set times Make sure to follow the manufacturer s instructions for the product you plan to use Note It is important to follow the PVC Primer and Cement manufacturer s recommendations for set times and temperature ratings The most common cements may fail at low temperatures Choose products which are suitable to the environment and weather you will be encountering 4 3 4 Chain Chain can be used to weigh down conduit if the PVC conduit must be installed before the SAA is on site The chain will pack down inside the PVC conduit so it is important to buy a length of chain which is longer than the PVC conduit into which it will be inserted The packing ratio is approximately 1 5 1 so for every 1 m of PVC conduit you will need 1 5 m of chain When purchasing chain look for chain with properties as described in Table 4 2 The chain below is nominal 3 4 inch chain If in doubt fill a 3 m 10 length of vertical PVC conduit with chain and veri
112. or scratches e PVC primer and cement are solvents which should be used in well ventilated areas e Epoxies used in splice kits should be used in well ventilated areas e careful when working around electrical conductors and batteries Batteries can explode or cause serious burns if the terminals are shorted e Donotinstall SAAs during electrical storms Because of the potential hazards listed above it is recommended that the following Personal Protective Equipment PPE be worn when installing SAAs e Heavy duty leather or puncture proof gloves when working with the SAA or SAA reel e Safety glasses with side shields e Coveralls e Steel toed boots e Rubber gloves when working with solvents e Nitrile gloves when working with epoxy 4 2 Proper Handling of SAA As with any other instrument the SAA must be treated with care Proper handling of the SAA will ensure a long life of the instrument and reliable results Appendix A contains important details about proper handling of the SAA and SAA reel These should be reviewed prior to handling the SAA SAAs which are not handled as discussed in the guidelines below and in Appendix A will not be covered under warranty March 2013 16 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 2 1 General Guidelines Please heed the following guidelines during the installation or retrieval of an SAA e Store the SAA on its reel when the SAA is not being used for monitoring e To minimize any twistin
113. or utility found in SAA Suite Figure 6 6 March 2013 51 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE e Figure 6 6 SAACR File Generator utility The SAACR File Generator utility can be used to create programs for SAAs and SAAPZs Measurand vibrating wire piezometers When setting up the program the following fields must be completed before you generate the program file 1 2 3 4 Project Title A descriptor of the monitoring setup Number of Samples to Average The number of SAA samples used to compute an average reading Values can range from 100 to 25500 The larger the number of samples the better the precision but computational time also increases albeit very minimally With AIA technology data samples can be collected much faster than previously available For example taking the average of 1000 readings standard averaging level will take approximately 10 s to output a value from the SAA Reading Interval The frequency at which SAA observations are made within the program also known as scan interval An SAA can perform measurements at 400Hz see above thus taking an average of 1000 samples typical value in less than 10 seconds However sufficient time must be included to account for other commands and functions within the CR1000 some of which do not occur immediately with each collection The number of SAAs connected to a CR1000 also affects
114. press the Add button Once all SAA serial numbers have been listed press the OK button x 52623 COM1 E 232 5Porti v 52295 COM1i 232_5 Port2 52307 COM1 e 232 5 Port3 Figure F 4 SAA232 5 Port Settings window Choose the serial ports that are connected to the SAA232 5 device s and the SAA232 5 port numbers 1 to 5 that are associated with each SAA Press OK in this window once all selections have been made March 2013 92 measurand SAA Manual G Connecting an SAA to a computer running SAASuite using the SAAUSB Adapter Single SAA can be connected using Measurand s SAAUSB adapter shown in Figure G 1 below The SAAUSB adapter appears as a serial port when it is connected to a computer running SAARecorder Figure G 1 SAAUSB adapter This adapter allows the user to interface to a single SAA it appears as a RS 232 serial port on the PC The SAA is powered from a 12 volt wall mount supply that plugs directly into the SAAUSB The USB plug end of the SAAUSB should be plugged into the PC before plugging in the SAA and before finally plugging in the 12 volt power supply The following steps should be taken when using the SAAUSB with an SAA 1 Mate the data cable from the SAA to the round connector of the SAAUSB 2 Apply power to the SAA by plugging in the 12 VDC power supply into the power injector plug 3 Plug the USB plug into an available USB port on the PC where SAARecorder is installed 4 Start the SAA
115. r The 5 pin green cohnrnectorconnects to the AA ouium EN RII SERERE E CUERO EN GE REN ERR VENUE NE 88 Figure E 2 SAA232 USB cable This is a USB to serial converter for use with SAA232 The red wire shown above should be connected to a 12 volt supply and the black wire should be connected to GND of the same supply 89 March 2013 vii measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure F 1 SAA232 5 4 pin green connector connects to RS232 port of computer 5 pin green connectors connect p LO 90 Figure F 2 ShapeAccelArray Startup window with Using SAA232 5 Device s option checked for use with one or more SAA232 5 devices Once all SAA are connected to the SAA232 5 device s press the Search For Serial SAAs b tton to select serial DOMES etc acute RS 91 Figure F 3 Arrays Serial Numbers to Search window If the SAA serial numbers that you will be using are not already listed in the box at left then type them into the text field at right and press the Add button Once all SAA serial numbers have been listed press the OK button cccccccccccseessssssesecsceesssesesececessesssassesscsesesssseseseeseeessasesesecseseeuseassesscs 92 Figure F 4 SAA232 5 Port Settings window Choose the serial ports that are connected to the SAA232 5 device s and the SAA232 5 port numbers 1 to 5 that are associated with each SAA
116. rada assa ases sa sa aas 25 Figure 4 7 Closing the far end of the PVC conduit esses 25 Figure 4 8 Extending PEX for SAA PVC 5 sss sanas 26 Figure 4 9 Inserting SAA PVC assembly into borehole using various equipment available on site to support the 55 01 e Figure 4 10 Using hanging fixture to provide support to Figure 4 11 Lifting and aligning the SAA PVC using the hanging fixture eene 29 Figure 4 12 Work flow for installing SAA into a pre cased borehole 30 Figure 4 13 Assembling PVC conduit downhole eese esee esae annees nta assa sss assa 31 Figure 4 14 Inserting chain into PVC 31 Figure 4 15 Inserting SAA into a pre cased 32 Figure 4 16 Using the pre assembled top stack during SAA installation to complete the installation process 34 Figure 4 17 Finishing off SAA installation under a protective well head a Attaching flexible conduit to PVC conduit using zip ties b
117. rameters SAA1 SAATOP VOLTAGE 0 0 SAA1_SAATOP_CURRENT 0 0 SAA1_SAATOP_TEMPERATURE 0 0 March 2013 109 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE SAA2_SAATOP_VOLTAGE 0 0 SAA2_SAATOP_CURRENT 0 0 SAA2_SAATOP_TEMPERATURE 0 0 declare the SAATop channel of each SAA SAA1 SAATOP_CHANNEL_INDEX 1 0 SAA2 SAATOP CHANNEL INDEX 2 O initialize power saving flag Power Save Flag True make sure modem starts off being on SW12 1 FIRST SCAN true do preliminary scans first For PRELIM COUNT 1 To NUM PRELIM SAMPLES Call GetVWData Call GetArrayData Delay 0 10 2 Next PRELIM COUNT now do actual scan indefinitely gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START Scan 1 hr 0 0 gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt END power switching If Power Save Flag True Then March 2013 110 eo lt measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE SAA Manual If Timelntolnterval 0 24 Hr Then SW12 0 Endlf If Timelntolnterval 6 24 Hr Then SW12 1 Endlf Else SW12 1 Endlf get VW sensor data Call GetVWData get SAA data Call GetArrayData NextScan EndProg March 2013 111
118. raw data for conversion In this case the Conversion Config Utility in SAASuite can be used to generate the pref_project txt file which contains conversion settings needed when converting data automatically An example of a simple file set up is shown in Figure 6 18 Detailed information on the Conversion Config Utility options are provided in the SAASuite Manual Once the pref_project txt file has been generated it is possible to set up the computer to automatically convert the data into a format viewable in SAAView This is accomplished using the LoggerNet Task Master utility ad SAASuite p en r dL Main Applications Advanced Applications SAACR File Generator C Measurand Inc SAA3D logger files Test SS Additional Configuration Figure 6 18 Example of pref_project txt set up being completed in Conversion Config utility March 2013 61 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE To add a task in the Task Master click on the CR1000 of interest and click the Add After button Under How Task n Starts in the Station Event Type select the After Successful Call Option Figure 6 19 EJ Task Master Paused caia 5 File Edit Setup Status Messages Tasks How Task 1 Starts Station E vent ES 1 UA ETC After Successful Call ask Task Scheduled 5 9 2012 12 00 00 0d 1 h 00 m
119. re use If the on reel dots are not oriented in the same direction it is likely evidence of twist in the SAA Contact Measurand for assistance if this happens March 2013 42 SAARecorder can be used to record SAA data manually This is usually done in cases where readings are taken on an interim basis It is often helpful during installation to record some data using SAARecorder in order to help with any subsequent troubleshooting This chapter contains basic instructions on setting up the SAA recording data and exporting data in SAARecorder For more instructions on how to use SAARecorder please refer to the SAARecorder Software Manual found in SAASuite To collect data using SAA Recorder you will need to connect the SAA to your computer via an interface as discussed in Chapter 3 Once SAARecorder is able to find and communicate with the SAA the program view shown in Figure 5 1 will open on your computer screen Figure 5 1 Program view from SAARecorder showing a single SAA This view shows three orthographic views of the SAA plus a fourth perspective view lower right corner In the upper left corner you will find the Basic Settings window Figure 5 2 The Basic Settings window allows the user to view and change the Array Reference the amount of averaging to perform whether or not to use the Averaging in Array AIA mode and the modeling mode 2 D 3D or Mixed H V These settings must be set correctly in order to view th
120. ressure data is collected at the same interval Campbell Scientific CR1000 Datalogger Program for collecting ShapeAccelArray SAA Data Program Author Jason Bond Measurand Inc built upon single array program by Murray Simpson c 2008 Version History 1 0 Initial internal release 1 1 AVERAGING added to the PROJECT INFO file 1 2 PROGRAM VERSION NUM added to the PROJECT INFO file Program now contains 2 components to prevent editing of critical code by users i SAA Communicator Vx x and ii SAA Include Vx x 1 3 Pre sample added to clear sensor values on first read ScreenObs subroutine added to filter sensor values Code added to accomodate partial octets at the end of an SAA 1 4 Ability to assign SAAs to any COM port added instead of requiring sequential use Ability to use RS232 port to hook up additional SAAs added 1 5 SAA now shutdown and repowered after a CRC COM or range error Check for 0 values added to ScreenObs subroutine Dim u v As Long variables had to be moved outside of ScreenObs subroutine to compile Problem arose after updating OS on CR1000 1 6 21 Aug 2009 March 2013 99 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE ScreenObs subroutine removed Now looked after in SAA3D Range Errors removed from SERIAL ERRORS FILE Code to accomdodate partial octets removed Now looked after in SAA3D 1 7 Various changes made in an attempt to improve computation speed VERSI
121. round SAA b Survey marker placed at reference end of SAA Ensure the marker is associated with a known location along the sensorized portion of the SAA PullSAA into conduit Use SAA Install Kit to secure SAA and cose PVC conduit Figure 4 20 Work flow for installing horizontal SAAs Use of a geotextile is recommended in order to provide separation between the common fill and the bedding sand fill Make sure that the geotextile is wide enough to line the trench and wrap over top of the sand completely enclosing it at the end of the process After the geotextile has been placed in the trench place a layer of bedding sand in the trench The thickness of the bedding sand layer placed below the SAA depends on the gradation of the subgrade soil It is recommended that the bedding layer be as thick as the largest particle commonly found in the subgrade The minimum recommended thickness of the bedding sand placed below the SAA is 150 mm 6 March 2013 38 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Thickness Depends on Particle Distribution of Fill Soil Minimum Thickness of 150 mm Overall Trench Depth Depends on Particle Distribution of Subgrade Soil and Fill Thickness Depends on Particle Minimum depth 300 mm Distribution of Subgrade Soil Minimum Thickness of 150 mm Bedding Sand Fill S Subgrade s Geotextile Figure 4 21 Trench for installation of horizontal SAA At this point the trench is ready for the pla
122. rt You may need to reboot your computer for the driver installer to finish the installation If so disconnect the SAA and SAA power unplug the USB to serial converter and restart the computer Once finished make sure to connect the SAA and SAA power as well as the USB to serial converter Note that it will sometimes take a few minutes for the USB driver to be installed Check the System Tray at the lower right corner of the Windows Desktop to verify the installation progress In some cases the USB to serial converter can crash Try to disconnect the USB to serial converter from the computer and disconnect the SAA and SAA power from the interface Wait 5 seconds Plug the USB to serial converter into the USB port and wait another 5 seconds Connect the SAA to the interface then connect the SAA power Try to search for serial SAAs again 8 4 How dol diagnose an unresponsive SAA for cable damage Disconnect the SAA cable from the interface and use an ohmmeter to check the cable for shorts or opens Typical SAA cable resistance values are given in Table 8 1 The pin numbering convention for the 4 pin SAAF Connector is shown in Figure 8 2 Table 8 1 Typical SAA cable resistance values Wire Pairing Pin Pairing on 4 pin SAAF Connector Resistance kQ Black to White Ground 1 4to9 Black to Blue Ground 2 1to3 Black to Red Ground 3 1to3 Black to Shield NA 0 05 Pin 1 Ground Pin 2 Pin 3 Figure 8 2 Pin numbering convention for the
123. rt the SAA s RS485 communication protocol to the RS232 format recognized by the CR1000 The following utilities included in SAASuite are used to configure the logger or convert data collected from the logger into Cartesian data 1 SAACR File Generator a utility used to create the program files that will allow the user to collect data from the SAAs sensors 2 Conversion Config a utility used to create the conversion preferences file used for automatic data collection and 3 SAACR raw2data a conversion utility that converts the raw data to Cartesian format viewable in SAAView In cases where a large number of third party vibrating wire sensors will be monitored a CR1000 or CR3000 is advantageous over a CR800 6 1 Hardware Setup The CR1000 allows up to 20 SAAs to be connected to a single logger the CR800 allows for up to 10 SAAs connected via two SAA232 5s Each COM port on the CR1000 requires a Measurand SAA232 or SAA232 5 device Figure 6 1 to connect an SAA A wiring guide for connecting the SAA232 to the CR1000 and to the SAA is located on the side of the SAA232 or SAA232 5 as can be seen in Figure 6 1 Wiring diagrams for back panels containing CR1000 an SAAREG and SAA232 or SAA232 5 are shown in Figure 6 2 and Figure 6 3 respectively Figure 6 1 SAA232 and SAA232 5 for connecting SAA to COM ports on CR1000 loggers Note the SAA wiring guide on the side panel March 2013 47 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE CR
124. rts trying to communicate with the SAA the red LED on the SAA232 should light up March 2013 89 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE F Connecting an SAA to a computer running SAA Suite using an SAA232 5 Multiple SAA can be connected to Measurand s SAA232 5 converter A picture of the SAA232 5 is shown in Figure F 1 below The SAA232 5 works in much the same way as the SAA232 provides surge protection for the SAA and applies power to a single SAA at a time converts RS232 to RS485 but it can accept up to five SAAs and connects them all to one serial port on the PC The SAA232 5 is used to sample one SAA at a time through the same PC serial port For applications where very fast readings are required multiple SAA232 or SAAUSB devices should be used instead s E 7 Red Shield HH i E TET Ki Ls White 2 Red o Black Blue a Blue 2 E gt Black Shield Figure F 1 SAA232 5 4 pin green connector connects to RS232 port of computer 5 pin green connectors connect up to five SAAs The following steps should be taken when using the SAA232 5 converter with two or more SAA 1 Connect each SAA to a green 5 pin connector on the SAA232 5 Figure F 1 making sure to note which SAA is connected to which SAA232 5 port The SAA wiring is as follows Pin 1 White wire RS485 A Pin 2 Blue wire RS485 B Pin 3 Red wire 12 V to SAA Pin 4 Black wire GND Pin 5
125. s offset can be cancelled in the converter or viewer software to rotate the data to the intended azimuth Note If the conduit is sinuated or ovalized the SAA will not be able to rotate in it freely In these cases it is best to mark the X mark on the conduit and survey its azimuth The azimuth can then be applied in software so that all movements are shown to act in the same direction If the SAA is able to rotate freely turn the SAA so that the X mark is pointed in the desired direction e g downslope Remember to pump the SAA up and down as you are turning it to ensure it is free in the conduit Once you have done this lower the SAA to rest on the bottom of the PVC conduit At this point itis possible to complete installation by following the directions outlined in Section 4 4 3 4 4 3 Finishing the Installation Process Using the SAA Install Kit It is recommended that the SAA Install Kit be used during the installation process This kit was designed to help make the installation process easier The kit includes fittings which improve the installation process by providing a more secure way to compress the SAA If you have followed the steps outlined in Sections 4 4 1 and 4 4 2 the installation should look similar to Figure 4 16a At this point in order to finish the installation you will need to apply compression to the SAA This will cause the joints to expand and snug into the conduit In order to complete the installation process follo
126. s possible to place fill over top of the SAA and bedding sand Figure 4 21 4 6 Retrieving SAAs for Re Use Once a monitoring program has been completed it may be possible to retrieve an SAA and re use it at another location SAAs can be removed by hand from a conduit which has undergone deformation in which the minimum bend radius of the conduit is no less than 3 5 m When retrieving the SAA it is important to follow the guidelines discussed in Section 4 2 and Appendix A In particular it is important to make sure to place the SAA on its reel Do NOT remove the SAA from its conduit and place it on the ground prior to reeling it up The safest place for the SAA is either the borehole or its reel During the manipulation of the SAA make sure not to exceed bends of 45 at the joints It is ok for the joints to have bends gt 45 when they are on the reel Note Before placing the SAA on the reel make sure to check the condition of the reel The air bubbles on the rungs should be generally intact If not the SAA could be loose on the reel If the reel is in need of any repairs carry them out before retrieving the SAA The SAA should be placed on a reel the same way each time matching the factory reeled condition Start by rolling the cable and securing it to the reel using zip ties Then position the PEX as shown in Figure 4 22a Note that there is a hole in the side of the reel which is used to secure the SAA onto the reel The hole should line
127. s sa asses 3 Figure 2 3 View of SAA with magnetometers in SAARecorder Magnetometer data is shown with azimuth and magnetic field strength information eese essi sa ada EE AENA a daas assa 4 Figure 2 4 On reel dots on SAA a On reel dots placed at factory b Orientation of X marks versus on reel dots 6 Figure 2 5 SAA placed on a reel for storage eiiis aaa Figure 2 6 Example of reel label with SAA specifications as per purchase order Figure 2 7 a Tilt for single segment b Tilts and positions for multiple segments Figure 3 1 SAAFPU Interface A 4 pin circular connector B 5 pin terminal block C Voltage selector D Auxiliary 4 pin terminal block TRIB CAR TR ARA Ea ERAS e RES 11 Figure 3 2 Options used for connecting the SAAFPU to a computer running 12 Figure 3 3 SAARecorder SAA startup Screen aaa as sss 12 Figure 3 4 Enter the serial number of the SAA connected to the 13 Figure 3 5 Diagnostics Tests window in SAARecorder 14 Figure 3 6 Voltage Current Ch
128. s the method referred to as SAA PVC installation This method is the best way to install an SAA as it will reduce the possibility of twisting the joints The method requires space to set up the SAA and PVC so it cannot always be used The second method involves installing the PVC conduit then later inserting the SAA This method will be discussed in detail in Installing SAA Directly Into a PVC Cased Borehole in Section 4 4 2 4 4 1 SAA PVC Installation Prior to attempting installations of SAA view the SAA Installation with PVC video at http measurandgeotechnical com support saa tutorial videos html The processes used for SAA PVC installation are shown in Figure 4 4 March 2013 22 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE PullSAA into PVC conduit Transfer X mark to Figure 4 4 Work flow for installing SAA using SAA PVC installation method 4 4 1 1 Assembling PVC Conduit for SAA PVC Installation All PVC conduit ends should be kept clean from dust oil snow Look inside the PVC pipes to make sure that no foreign objects are inside the PVC pipe The edges of conduit over which the SAA is being installed should be smoothed using a deburring tool to prevent abrasion Note When using SAA PVC method you will have to pull the SAA until at least two segments are out of the bottom of the conduit This is to help check for twist using the X Marks on the PEX and at the bottom of the SAA Glue all the PVC pieces but one Th
129. shown in Figure 4 15 One person guides the SAA into the borehole while the second person controls the rate of descent by carefully handling the reel It may be necessary to have more helpers when dealing with longer SAAs Teamwork and communication is key for making sure that the insertion process goes smoothly Avoid jerking the SAA forward off the reel which will stress the joints Figure 4 15 Inserting SAA into a pre cased borehole 4 4 2 3 Extending the PEX for a Pre Cased Borehole As discussed earlier standard SAAs come with 1 5 m 5 of PEX tubing attached at the top In some cases it may be necessary to extend the PEX tubing In these cases it is recommended that the PEX extension be done using the following procedures In the case where less than 3 m of PEX is being added it is recommended that the additional PEX be purchased in straight pieces When using straight pieces the X mark can easily be transferred to the extra PEX piece using a straight edge and an exacto knife or fine tipped marker March 2013 32 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE In most cases the length of PEX being added is greater than 3 m and it is easier to use PEX which has been reeled up as shown in Figure 4 3 In this case it is difficult to place the X mark on the extra PEX Instead it is recommended that the following procedure be used to prepare the PEX connection 1 Tap an extra set screw into the top stack included in the SAA Install Kit
130. ssign the time currently set on your PC to the CR1000 March 2013 58 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE Note If your PC is using Daylight Savings Time take care NOT to disrupt the time setting currently employed by the CR1000 If the station clock is adjusted to match Daylight Savings Time on your PC gaps or overwrites in the data file will occur EZSetup Wizard CR800Series flnrbc CR800Series Progress Scheduled Collection Introduction If you wish to have scheduled collection Communication Setup P Scheduled Collection Enabled enabled for this datalogger check the box Datalogger Settings When to Collect Setup Summary Base z Enter the base date and time This is Date Time when the first attempt to collect will Communication Test 4 26 2002 1200 004AM occur If the base is in the past data Us collection will be attempted immediately Datalogger Clock when the schedule is enabled Send Program Collection Interval Enter the Collection Interval The Od0OhOSmoO0s000ms collection interval is relative to the Base Date and Time entries For instance if the Base Time is set at 12 15 and the p interval is set for 1 hour data collection Scheduled Collection will be attempted at 12 15 1 15 etc Data Files Wizard Complete 4 Previous Next gt Finish Cancel Schedule Help Figure 6 15 Disabling scheduled data collection Once sufficient time has elapsed to ensure that data has
131. t 1 even if no SAA octets are present Const NUM OCTETS 15 Enter the maximum number of piezometers per string must be at least 1 even if no piezometers are used Const NUM PIEZOS 1 Enter number of octets for each SAA each SAA must have an entry Const 1 NUM OCTETS 15 Const SAA2 NUM OCTETS 15 Enter number of piezometers for each Measurand piezometer string if piezometers are used Const PIEZO1 NUM PIEZOS 0 Enter COM port number for each SAA each SAA must have an entry COM1 1 COM2 2 COM3 3 COM4 4 Const 1 PORT 1 Const SAA2 COM PORT 2 Enter COM port number for each Measurand piezometer string if piezometers are used Const PIEZO1 COM PORT 1 Enter SAA232 5 port number for each SAA each SAA must have an entry 1 5 if SAA232 5 port is being used otherwise enter 0 Const SAA1 232 5 PORT 0 Const SAA2 232 5 PORT 0 Enter SAA232 5 port number for each Measurand piezometer string if piezometers are used Const PIEZO1 232 5 PORT 0 Input whether or not SAATop is present 0 not present 1 SAATop is present gt typically present in SAAs built in 2011 or later Const SAA1 SAATOP 1 Const SAA2 SAATOP 1 gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt END END DECLARE USER SPECIFIED CONSTANTS must be modified by user to match application specifications Include CPU SAA Include V3 03 CR1 DECLARE
132. t exceed 1 mm 0 04 This may require turning then pushing then turning again 3 1 1 2 Connecting an SAA via 5 pin terminal block SAAs without a circular connector connect to the SAAFPU via the 5 pin terminal block shown in Figure 3 1 B An SAA cable contains five different wires which are used for power red and black communications white and blue and shielding bare wire These are connected to the terminal block in the order shown on the face plate of the SAAFPU To open and close the terminal blocks use a small flathead screwdriver Prior to connecting the SAAFPU to the computer make sure that each wire is securely fastened into the block 3 1 2 Connecting the Computer to the SAA Field Power Unit There are two different methods which can be used to connect a computer running SAARecorder to the SAAFPU Communication between the SAAFPU can be done either via a wireless pair included with the SAAFPU or via direct connection via a USB port on the computer Figure 3 2 More details on the direct USB connection is given below For more information on the wireless connection refer to Appendix D Once the computer is connected to the SAAFPU SAARecorder will automatically power the SAA upon start up Note that the LED located above the 5 pin terminal block connector will light when SAARecorder is attempting to connect to or is connected to the SAA For more information on how to use SAARecorder please refer to the SAARecorder Manual found in
133. t has occurred It instead indicates that the joints are returning to their factory calibrated headings To check for twist in an SAA installed in a pre cased borehole follow the steps below 1 Place the SAA reel on a reel stand near the borehole It should be oriented so that the bottom segment of the SAA can be unreeled directly from the top of the reel into the borehole Make sure to carefully record the on reel orientation of the SAA so that it can be returned to the same state with the marks facing out Photographs are recommended Unreel the SAA into the borehole from the reel making sure not to apply torsion to the SAA Allow the portion going into the borehole to rotate freely Lift and rotate the SAA to achieve the desired azimuth but ONLY if it is free to rotate in the hole If the SAA is not free to rotate at this stage DO NOT rotate it If the SAA includes magnetometers take the azimuth readings using SAARecorder The readings will be used for comparative purposes only and not to set the azimuth of the SAA Lift the SAA part way out of the borehole using the techniques outlined in Chapter 4 Return the SAA to its original heading and begin to reel the SAA back onto its reel in an exact reversal of the unreeling process Make sure that any marks on the top part of the SAA face the same way as they faced when the SAA was on the reel Complete the reeling process taking care to align all the segments carefully next to each other
134. t over a 360 degree range Accelerometers like these have sinusoidal response curve so they are not equally sensitive at all angles However when these accelerometers are mounted properly and used in combination with suitable automated math they can accurately sense tilt throughout all angles of a sphere When horizontal or near horizontal SAA provides data within a vertical plane When vertical SAA provides true 3D data for the polyline shown in Figure 2 7 The SAA does not extend or compress Statements of accuracy should specify whether it applies to the absolute shape i e the polyline specified above or to deformation of the shape i e the change in the polyline to another polyline Sometimes accuracy is used to mean accuracy of absolute shape and precision sometimes referred to as repeatability is used to mean accuracy of deformation Precision is a measure of the repeatability of a measurement and should include a long time scale For example in the case of an inclinometer or SAA precision can be thought of as follows How well do my measurements repeat if taken for the same stable object day after day or year after year It is also of interest to know how small a change can be detected when measuring a change such as the tilt of a borehole This is referred to as the resolution of the instrument Normally it implies a short measurement timescale e g 24 hours versus a year a year being more relevant to precision M
135. talogger Click the Wizard Complete button to get them Figure 6 22 Switching the Data File Output option in the LoggerNet Setup utility to Overwrite Existing File k If the SAA Data file is viewed when Overwrite File is implemented only the most recent data records will be contained in the file March 2013 65 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 7 Viewing SAA Data Once data has been converted to multi saa allcart mat format it can be viewed using SAAView Complete instructions on how to use SAAView are given in the SAAView Manual which can be found in the SAASuite After setting up a monitoring station it is sometimes helpful to look at the absolute shape of the SAA in the ground To do this open SAAView and select the SAA you wish to view Figure 7 1 To look at the absolute shape of the SAA click on the QuickView button This will open the window shown in Figure 7 2 The 3D shape of the SAA is plotted on two graphs the second plot showing the orthogonal view of the first one It is possible to view the X Z position data plot and the Y Z position data plot by clicking the X button at the bottom right of the screen Figure 7 2 It is also possible to view the X Y position data plots by clicking on the Z button at the bottom right of the screen The plots shown in Figure 7 2 contain three solid lines These are a blue line representing the initial shape reading of the SAA a red line representing the
136. the collection time Based on past experience the logger can work properly for an extended period of time but will eventually malfunction if the reading interval is less than 10 minutes For this reason the minimum reading interval is 10 minutes For greatest certainty it is a good idea to increase this by 50 to allow for circumstances and configurations which we have not yet seen SAA Table For each SAA the following information must be included as seen in Figure 6 6 a SAA232 or SAA232 5 Channel that the SAA is connected to See Figure 6 7 b COM port to which the SAA is connected on the CR1000 and c Serial Number physically marked on the cable end of the SAA March 2013 52 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE wil SAASuite Main Applications Advanced Applications SAACR Fie Generator Conversion Config Figure 6 7 SAA232 or SAA232 5 Channel selection 5 Generate CR1 CR3 CRS File The main difference between the CR800 CR1000 and CR3000 is the number of COM ports available and thus the number of SAAs that can be connected to each To choose the appropriate data logger type click the Generate File button and select the desired file type in the save screen Figure 6 8 Enter the desired file name for the main program file and click Save A separate SAA Include file see Figure 6 8 for example will be generated at the same time as the main program file Both of these files must be lo
137. the directions outlined in Section 4 4 3 4 4 2 Installing SAA Directly Into a PVC Cased Borehole In some cases it is not possible to lay out the PVC on the ground and assemble it for the SAA PVC installation In these cases the PVC will need to be assembled and lowered downhole prior to inserting the SAA This installation method is susceptible to buoyancy effects and care must be taken to avoid sinuating the PVC prior to installing the SAA Note If a PEX extension longer than 3 m 10 is used from the top of an SAA to surface level and or the SAA length is over 10 m every effort should be made to use the SAA PVC installation method described in Section 4 4 1 It provides superior azimuth control and no twist verification Note Do not rest the conduit on the bottom of the borehole In order to make sure to avoid sinuating the PVC conduit over drill the borehole at approximately 0 5 m beyond the expected length of the SAA and conduit Use a hanging fixture such as the one provided in the SAA Install Kit to keep the conduit suspended in the borehole For assured success in all installations the 27 mm PVC conduit must be weighted to keep it straight Two recommended methods for weighting the PVC conduit are 1 Put the SAA in the PVC before grout is inserted into the borehole For conduits over 30 m in water the buoyancy effects may be high enough to make insertion of the SAA into PVC conduit difficult In these cases it is recommended t
138. tio by Weight Portland Cement 1 Water 6 6 Bentonite 0 4 adjusting as required When mixing the grout start by mixing the cement and water first Do NOT mix the bentonite and water first or you will not be able to mix the appropriate amount of cement into the grout or the grout could flash set Once the cement and water are mixed add in the bentonite Mix the bentonite in a bit at a time until the grout mix resembles heavy cream The consistency is very important too watery a mix will result in shrinkage and segregation too thick and it will not be possible to pump the grout Note The grout mix given above is a guideline only It is recommended that you design a grout mix which will have a similar strength and comportment as the soil in which you are installing the SAA Some shrinkage and settlement of the grout should be expected It is recommended that the grout be topped up 24 hours following completion of the initial grouting Several types of grouting methods can be used for SAA installations The most commonly used methods are tremie grouting displacement grouting and staged grouting Recommendations of which method to use in various situations are given in following sections March 2013 35 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 4 4 1 Tremie Grouting Tremie grouting is used in most installations It is best suited for use in large diameter boreholes It is also suitable for use when the SAA conduit is being grout
139. top stack until the rubber gasket seals the cable It is possible to place a survey marker at the reference end of the instrument as shown in Figure 4 19b If you do opt to use the survey marker make sure to place it at the joint between the first sensorized segment and the adjacent unsensorized segment This will ensure that it corresponds to data at the first vertex of the polyline describing the SAA data relative to the reference end Any additional survey markers should be placed at known join locations along the sensorized length of the SAA It is recommended that the cable between the SAA and the logger or measurement point be protected by conduit The conduit will protect the cable and make it easy to replace in the event of a mechanical March 2013 40 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE break It is a good idea to have a rope in the conduit to allow cable to be pulled through It is also a good idea to have some access points for long runs of cable 4 5 5 Backfilling the Trench A layer of bedding sand should be placed above the SAA It is recommended that the bedding sand layer be as thick as the largest particle commonly found in the fill placed above the SAA The minimum recommended thickness of the bedding sand is 150 mm 6 placed above the SAA Once the bedding sand is in place the geotextile can be wrapped over top of the bedding sand Edges of the geotextile should overlap at least 150 mm 6 Following this step it i
140. uit using zip ties b Attaching SAASPD at top of borehole March 2013 34 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 4 44 4 Backfilling Recommendations It is recommended that grout be used to backfill around the PVC conduit Using grout greatly reduces the probability of having voids form between the PVC conduit and the side of the borehole Sand can be used but it is not recommended since sand can easily get caught and bridge the borehole leaving large voids It is also possible for sand to migrate out of the borehole due to piping If sand must for some reason be used it is highly recommended that care be taken to agitate the sand to break up any bridging Sand must be added slowly to a water filled annulus and it must be agitated starting from the bottom of the borehole using a flexible rod or cable fishing tool Note Use grout instead of sand to backfill around the PVC conduit Sand is harder to place without voids and could migrate The grout mix recommended for installation of SAA is given in Table 4 3 below It is important to use bentonite powder for the mix since bentonite pellets will not incorporate well into the grout The mix below results in a very soft grout which will minimize the influence of the grout on the soil displacement measurements This is particularly important when installing SAAs into large diameter boreholes in which the cross sectional area of the grout will be large Table 4 3 Grout Mix Materials Ra
141. uld be placed in the same directory as the main program file When the main logger program is compiled the SAA Include file is referenced and is compiled as well Compile errors will appear if you attempt to compile the SAA Include file CRBasic Editor WSAAWCR1000Test cri for the CR1000 File Edit View Search Template Instruction Goto Window Tools Help Eu api Compile Ctri Alt P amp B BIS LLLA ER Save and Compile Ctrl Q DEFINE MAIN PROGRAM Compile Save and Send Previous Error Next Error setup project descrip Pick CR200 Compiler gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt Enter the Project Title PROJECT NAME WSAAWCR1000 Test gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt END lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt NUMBER SAAS NUM SAAS AVERAGING NUM TO AVG PROGRAM VERSION NUM VERSION NUM HIGH RES SAA true declare the serial numbers each octet for each SAA Line 195 1 273 lines written to C Campbellsci LoggerNet WSAAWCR1000Test crl 3 Figure 6 9 Saving and Compiling the SAA logger program Note When using other sensors with the CR1000 it is advised to add the necessary code to the CR1000 program generated for the SAA rather than trying to integrate the SAA specific program with the other
142. ust be modified by user to match application specifications gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START Enter the number of preliminary samples to capture Const NUM PRELIM SAMPLES 5 Enter the number of SAAs to be monitored Const NUM SAAS 2 Enter the number of PZ strings to be monitored has to be at least 1 even if there are no PZ strings Const NUMBER PIEZO STRINGS 0 Enter the number of total devices number of SAAs PZ strings Const NUM DEVICES 2 Enter the number of Earth Pressure Cells EPC to be monitored Const NUM EPCS 3 Enter the number of piezometer PZ to be monitored Const NUM PZ3S 12 gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt START Enter the number of raw data samples to average for each measurement Samples range from 100 25500 if HIGH RES SAA true samples are collected at 400 Hz thus 64 seconds March 2013 101 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE are required for NUM TO AVG 25500 NOTE HIGH RES SAA must be false for older SAAs sernum lt 47100 If HIGH RES SAA false then samples are collected more slowly and NUM TO AVG should be set to between 1 and 100 typically only used for older SAAs sernum 47100 Const NUM TO AVG 1000 Enter the maximum number of octets 8 segment units of any single SAA being used must be at leas
143. w the steps outlined below March 2013 33 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE 1 Apply downward force of no more than 45 kg 100 Ibs on the PEX and turn the set screw on the top stack to maintain compression and orientation of the SAA within the PVC Figure 4 16b 2 If you have not already done so mark the X mark on outside the PVC pipe for future reference 3 Cutaway any excess PEX tubing Figure 4 16c 4 Thread the top portion of the pre assembled top stack over the cable and screw it into the bottom portion Tighten the gland at the top of the top stack until the rubber gasket seals the cable Figure 4 16d 5 Runcable to the earth station Use conduit to protect the cable and to ease cable replacement if required Figure 4 17a Since the PVC conduit containing the SAA has been sealed it is not necessary for the flexible conduit to cover the entire cable If the top of the SAA is protected using a well head covering or some other buried structure it is possible to use zip ties provided in the kit to hold the conduit in place under the protective conduit Figure 4 17a It is also possible to do cable splices or attach items such as the SAASPD surge protection device at this point Figure 4 17b Figure 4 16 Using the pre assembled top stack during SAA installation to complete the installation process Figure 4 17 Finishing off SAA installation under a protective well head a Attaching flexible conduit to PVC cond
144. with connecting using an SAAFPU which is connected to the computer via a USB cable Instructions for connecting wirelessly through the SAAFPU or via other interfaces are given in the appendices Appendices D through G For safe operation of the SAA and SAAFPU it is recommended that the following connection and disconnection sequences be followed 3 To Connect a Connect the SAA to the SAAFPU See Section 3 1 1 b Connectthe SAAFPU to the computer via the USB See Section 3 1 2 c Open SAARecorder then d Search for SAAs in SAARecorder 4 To Disconnect a Turn off SAARecorder to power down the SAA b Disconnect the SAAFPU USB cable from the computer c Disconnect the SAA from the SAAFPU Note that the sequences are reversed For ease of use connection instructions are printed on the SAAFPU panel 3 1 1 Connecting an SAA to the SAA Field Power Unit Two separate methods have been provided for connecting SAAs to the SAAFPU The method selected will depend on whether or not a circular connector is attached to the SAA determined at the time of SAA purchase 3 1 1 1 Connecting an SAA via 4 pin circular connector For SAAs with a circular connector connect the SAA directly via the 4 pin circular connector shown in Figure 3 1 A In order to ensure a good connection turn the connector until it is finger tight and make March 2013 10 measurand SAA Manual SHAPE ADVANTAGE sure that the gap between the connectors does no
145. wooden reel designed to help make installation and storage of the SAA easier A typical SAA on its reel is shown in Figure 2 5 The SAA should only be off the reel when it is being used to measure shape When not in use it should be placed on its reel for storage with the joints bent the same way as at the factory Other treatment can affect the mechanical integrity of the joints March 2013 6 measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE Figure 2 5 SAA placed on a reel for storage 2 1 7 Reel Label SAA Manual g Each reel is labeled using a standard label as shown in Figure 2 6 The label contains the specifications for the SAA from the customer Purchase Order Information included are QA date SAA serial number SAA type segment length sensorized SAA length unsensorized SAA length total SAA length cable length whether or not there is an amphenol connector on the SAA the number of segments with magnetometers and any special notes In the example below a customer has requested a 60 m SAA constructed with 500 mm segments The customer has also requested that extra X marks be placed every 2 m Aq measurand SHAPE ADVANTAGE 2111 Hanwell Rd Fredericton NB Canada E3C 1M7 SAA Specifications QA Date 14 Nov 2012 Serial Number 51999 SAA Type SAAF SAA Segment Length 500 mm Sensorized SAA Length 60 m Unsensorized SAA Length Top cable end 180 mm Far end 50 mm www MeasurandGeotechnical com

SAAF Manual - Measurand Inc

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