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CRUISE REPORT P15S A. HIGHLIGHTS

1. first set second set E to so id teh E 1 y S jodas ME i S La s ote ut s aeta 5408 t piu i5 gt mta eph 15 1 etes tei r ftat 1 um une ae antt MC e t Tut wu us wi te o tite S E 1 1 t o gt tii sites a LI Ae D Arie ge teret at ettet o y Stel ite ttti fes essee Poste L5 tte gas 0 5 Lu PONE PD sn RE taiten DESNEK dim utn ito i aes Peete ge ios speso oL RENA apa eaa anama 0 5 E L i i i L j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run x 107 Calibration peak heights after blank RI correction phosphate 42 pm M A A IEA COIN ATAR NS BAD GRE a T first set aie ib sat TRES i second set q at ANT seg j EM sf aie 1 10H Es C Stetit a E vip SC tae Hi tst 27 82 n D Nk E e xa E n ie Bu PE EEA P e UN SES ax a t S oge d i t ghe e 8 mu 4 T NETUS T wit epe gt PGC Du ia su Lu pd E 5 E 1 1 a is Es s Sie tog te a EUM Bt ee ee EF H E E 4 L E ios E DUK Hg MU ior 1 o H ESE CoL ba dm v Set Gm NEUE MNT tta aei 5 rcd nee cocoa Paro 6 CU xa ttt pa etit n tont i et p SHN a ts te dis i se ot E eng ot 3 4 deser ES i ignes titer etettesc J te DEG 2r E 4E YE We ariet aoe RID n sig 1 net Motes gg tity utet i at te H tetette egot 3 got ires xn sur atiet ant phone a ten
2. pe A us t 4 t ts gt y e 8x o t ie uit t q af r m E uet e t tee SE AP to MEC 5 LA y S E 7 Hd af E y os E8 1 wt PS o hd oe 3H gt i q ot T g T sit j j j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run QC sample results nitrate uM 35 a eo te dido eu eati po 9 e oBgects 9 8 D SL EA e e e Vago et e congo Sad CES y le e e tgteat o 822e3 26399 eng gt 9 k d 30 rit ii x XI LA ns a ond t gt JULI aet m 254 2 2 E 20 E s o s o o 15 15 2 33 4 2 Abe a 12 5 tegen 10 pora Eg iog iet Sonett Lap o get do Orsi rage gtu o 04989 P i i Li bi EI s miir HILL itii eet eretti a H 5 i I l i j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry QC sample results and DOTSS WOCE results DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO um kg nitrate 2500db um kg 2 5 DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO um kg QC sample result 30um kg i i 3 I I i I j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 DOTSS Station number Comparison with WOCE data and original DOTSS data at 2500db after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant Nitrate 2500db 44H DOTSS corrected T T T
3. a A i E X u 10 E 15 i i I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run R V Franklin 2001 QC sample results Hydrochemistry QC sample results phosphate uM Ar 3 5 ad e od 2 t DN E ee SSS PRSTE 3 oo 6 TE E E a a D 3b EZ S 25 2 E E s amp 2b 15 Yo 28 22 sieur ot E Se d E ME LOCA ar ME ne SEK tuts n uel anni tintin sies i KOM po ES e eset etri 05 i i j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run QC sample results and DOTSS WOCE results DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO um kg phosphate 2500db 057 E 0 4 n 03 0 2 2 E 3 0 1 al y Y ANTI Wah 1 r A J 0 1 B DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO um kg QC sample result 3 1um kg 0 2 7 I I i j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 DOTSS Station number R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Comparison with WOCE data and original DOTSS data at 2500db after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant Phosphate 2500db T T 3 4 DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO S DOTSS original 23L 100 120 140 Run number R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Comparison with WOCE data and original DOTSS data after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant 50 1000 1500 2000
4. After preliminary calibration of the CTD using the analysed salinities a standard deviation of 0 0027 psu was achieved for full water column data Below 1000 metres the standard deviation achieved was 0 0012 psu The upper 1000 metres had a lot of structure and some very steep gradients The optimum settings for the lab air conditioner were found to be Parameter Setting Mode Heat Temp 2 degrees Fan High showing fan icon with 3 sets of brackets Flap Fixed straight out The above settings result in a Lab temperature approx 24 degrees with the small desk fans on to move the air around the salinometer work area TO DO Seawater lines on Port side sink and top fresh water tap on Starboard sink have very low pressure Scheduled for next port period att ships working group Look at using stills for water production for Milli Q system as seemsd to be some problems with feed water quality from vap system Look at using pinch valves rather than solenoid valves in the second system SUPPLIES REQUIRED Thermometers for DO samples Computers to replace the Octec computers R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry NUTRIENTS Rebecca Cowley Susan Wijffels December 2008 This is an abridged version of the original report which contains more detail on the correction methods investigated For the full version contact Rebecca Cowley csiro au Introduction Data was collected in the Southern Pacific Ocean along P15S d
5. On all casts a 24 bottle rosette system 10 litre bottles was used to collect samples throughout the water column Samples were collected for salinity oxygen and nutrients nitrate phosphate and silicate on all casts On about half of the casts samples were also collected for dissolved inorganic carbon alkalinity and CFCs Freon 11 Freon 12 and on some casts carbon tetrachloride The ship mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler precision depth recorder and other underway instrumentation were run throughout the cruise At 6 stations samples were also collected for John Lupton NOAA PMEL Seattle USA for helium analysis The sections clearly show the major features expected the northward penetration of Southern Ocean water masses Sub Antarctic Mode Water Antarctic Intermediate Water Circumpolar Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water and the southward penetration of North Pacific water masses Initial analysis on board indicate the data are mostly of high quality A post CTD calibration comparison indicates an rms difference between the bottle and CTD salinity of 0 0012 for bottles deeper than 1000 m over 1300 comparisons The bottle oxygen data also appears to be of high quality Initial calibrations of the CTD oxygen sensor look promising with an rms difference between the bottle and CTD oxygen data of 5 6 u mole litre However even after the calibration the times when the CTD oxygen sensor was changed can be seen implying a
6. 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 DOTSS reprocessed WOCE nem HN Heel DOTSS original WOCE MAU Mf 0 25 0 2 0 15 0 1 10 05 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Corrections to Silicate data 1 Mean RI and blank values subtracted from peak heights The mean RI and blank values for all runs was subtracted from the peak heights during the calculations rather than the individual run s values Refractive Index and blank values for each run 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 a 2000 H 4000 0 q di 2000 Refractive Index and Blank values silicate RI Blank Run number 2 Recalculation of data with sensitivity factors from the closest calibrant Closer evaluation of the WOCE method looking at actual OSU runs showed that OSU only utilised one standard when calculating the sensitivity factors This makes sense when the system is completely linear and the sample concentrations are close to the calibrant concentration used For this data the next highest calibrant from the sample concentration was used to calculate the concentration R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Original SRM results Error in SRM values from expected silicate 18 T T T T T T i Low SRM High SRM 16 T 14 12 E Ls
7. M i RE EN 1000 r a 1 i i u 3 EN I 3 200 4 1 D H M I n i E d 3000 H y 1 A Me P t D AO i 1 Pury sor 4 4 ha m a A A es BOE I TERN i WE ME NL ME M 5 wx 1 XD S i Lus BT Liepicarnen lel Figure 6 Downcast CTD oxygen bottle oxygen o amp upcast CTD oxygen x uMole l R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing The calibrated oxygen data should only be used for qualitative and semi quantitative work It is as good a fit as can be expected given the limitations of our current understanding of the oxygen sensor model 3 5 Other sensors No other CTD sensors were logged during this voyage 3 6 Binned data files The calibrated data was filtered to remove pressure reversals and binned into 2dB averaged netCDF files The binned values were calculated by applying a linear least squares fit to the bin data and using this to interpolate the value for the bin mid point This is more accurate than simply taking the mean of the data Each binned parameter in each bin is assigned a QC flag Our flagging scheme is described in http www marine csiro au datacentre ext_docs DataQualityControlFlags pdf The QC Flag for each bin is estimated from the values for the bin components We haven t yet documented this For the moment refer to the comments in matlab function matlab tool box local dpg util QC
8. WOCE DISCO DOTSS original li l I 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number 30 0 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Comparison with WOCE data and original DOTSS data after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant Nitrate ra WOCE 5 e eo 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 Nitrate DOTSS original WOCE 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Corrections to Phosphate data 1 Mean RI and blank values subtracted from peak heights The mean RI and blank values for all runs was subtracted from the peak heights during the calculations rather than the individual run s values Refractive Index and blank values for each run Refractive Index and Blank values phosphate 6000 RI Blank 4000 2000 A l M Un HA T LAINE Mayan IA V VV 2000 4000 6000 8000 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number 2 Recalculation of data with sensitivity factors from the next highest calibrant Closer evaluation of the WOCE method looking at actual OSU runs showed that OSU only utilised one standard when calculating the sensitivity factors This makes sense when the system is completely linear and the sample concentrations are close to the cal
9. 29 and 30 May The weather then continued to moderate and we were once again able to make good progress until early on the 3rd of June when we were at 39 S 172 W Conditions worsened rapidly culminating in winds gusting above 60 knots We only lost about a day here as after about 12 hours conditions started to moderate and we were able to begin work again in another 12 hours or so After that we continued to work in conditions varying between very light winds less than 5 knots and moderate average winds in the low twenties gusting to the high twenties for several days Mostly we had following conditions enabling us to make good time between stations Late on the 12th the weather degenerated again resulting in the loss of nearly half a day Once we were able to start CTDs again we continued completing the CTD at 20 30 S late on the 14th of June before heading for Tonga We reached Tonga at 0830 on the 16th of June having completed 66 CTD stations two further along the section than had been planned At three places along the section we had replaced two stations with one half way between to help make up time lost for bad weather Leg 2 We departed Tonga at 10 PM Saturday June 16 and steamed east to recommence the 170 W CTD section En route we had a Muster a safety briefing and a cruise briefing on Sunday June 17 We also did a test CTD station After reaching 170 W we continued the CTD section northward At 17 30 S we co
10. Altimeter 162 Altimeter 163 X Pinger 1190 Pinger 1266 Seabird Ctd 19 Seabird Ctd 20 X X Ctd Sliprings Cable X Fluorometer Seatech 142s Chelsea Transmissometer Seatech Transmissometer Licor U W Light Sensors Adcp Moon Pool Trolley Ea500 Ashtech 3d Gps Ashtech G12 Gps Fugro Dgps Receiver Winch Monitoring System Vaisala Balloon Receiver Vaisala Data Converter Met Station Synchro Digital Converter Doppler Log Interface Pa System Seabird Tsg Fluorometer Wetlabs Ez Net Datataker Gp Lab Datataker Spare Elec W Shp Scintillation Counter Radiation Monitor Westinghouse Mobilsat Ctd Display Pc Big Ctd X gt lt X P KIK P lt P lt gt gt PX PA pA KRAK AK R V Franklin 2001 Equipment Systems Used On Cruise Appendix A Marine Insturmentation Required Attention During Cruise Further Action Required Action Xbt Display Pc Ctd Display Pc Op s Room Pc Pc 1 Op s Room Pc Pc 4 Winch Control Area Pc Winch Display Pc Electronics Workshop Pc Critec Ups Computer Room Fdcs Log 1 Fdcs Log 2 Fdcs User Xwindows Monitors Delp Monitors Video Camera System PX DL EK PS 0X 0X P lt P lt KRAK 0 OS R V Franklin 2001 Appendix B Computing Report App
11. In the archive the bottle numbers have had the first digit removed Users are advised to refer to the CTD sheets to confirm the original numbers Copies of the CTD sheets are available from Terry Byrne at the Data Centre Copies of printed materials and further information can be obtained from the Data Centre Terry Byrne or Rebecca Cowley Processing completed by Rebecca Cowley on 8 November 2001 Rebecca Cowley csiro au R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing CTD Processing Data processing completed by Bob Beattie October 2001 1 Summary These notes relate to the production of QC ed calibrated CTD data from R V Franklin voyage Fr 05 2001 24th may 7th July 2001 Data for 129 deployments was acquired using a Seabird SBE911 CTD unit fitted with a 24 bot tle rosette sampler Pressures and preliminary conductivity values were computed using the Seabird supplied calibration factors and calibrations provided by the CSIRO Marine Research Calibration Facility were used to compute the water temperatures The data was subjected to automated QC to remove spikes The final conductivity calibration was based on a single whole of voyage deployment all sample depths sample grouping This calibration had standard deviation of 0 00216 p s u Dissolved Oxygen was calibrated by fitting the data to an Owens and Millard 1985 model of the Beckman style oxygen sensor It is apparent that this model does not quantify all factors affecting the sensor
12. We moved the location of one of the CTD stations about 10 nm from above the steep slopes of the sea mount Summary There were many more samples collected than is usual for the small number of scientists that can be accommodated on board Franklin As a result the cruise was a heavy work load for all the scientific party on board The available 12 berths limits the National Facility s capabilities However the cruise was successful Virtually all of the stations were completed and an excellent data set collected This data set should be a sound basis for detection of changes compared with previous observations Problems and Recommendations The main UPS did not work for the whole of this cruise As a result many of the instruments in the labs had to be restarted when the ship lost power on Wednesday July 4 Fortunately this was after completion of all of the CTD stations but many of the analyses were still being undertaken The UPS should be fixed as soon as possible There are a limited number of spares on board We would have liked the ability to change the oxygen sensor but there were no further spares Also there was no spare sounder display The University of Washington Niskin bottles were used throughout much of the cruise in an effort to minimise CFC contamination problems While these bottles gave good salinity results the valves and spigots were difficult to operate and there were numerous comments on the CTD log sheets about leaks fr
13. uMole l 1 33 3 303E 04 8 1388E 04 3 7635 109 129 3 663E 04 1 0965E 02 6 5826 Deployments 34 108 Sensor s n 130526 1 All the deployments were used to compute the Lag and Activation Energy Sensor Lag 40 145 Activation Energy 4385 1 R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing The lag is much higher than that for sensor 130527 I initially tried to use the value from this sensor but this caused the down and upcast data to plot as separate populations 2 The deployments were arbitrarily divided into 3 groups of sequential deployments to reduce the effect of sensor depletion and the bottle data were calibrated against the down cast sample bursts to compute the Slope and Bias Deployment grouping Current Slope Current Bias Fit S D uMole l 34 54 7 1586E 04 9 666E 03 7 834 55 74 6 9137E 04 1 1903E 02 6 318 75 108 7 0061E 04 1 0964E 02 8 481 3 4 3 Discussion The sensor lags of 15 223 and 40 145 are higher than Seabird s suggested normal values of around 7 0 Lindsay Pender pers comm thinks that because we are not accounting for the hysteresis it is being expressed in the lag There is a reasonable agreement between the bottle data and the downcast profiles but it is by no means perfect Figure 6 illustrates two typical examples poesi gn r ux UD eu m I y D enicument BO i 7 RP ra 1 Ur M F A 1
14. 2007 Recent bottom water warming in the Pacific Ocean Journal of Climate accepted Roemmich D J Gilson R Davis P Sutton S Wijffels and S Riser 2006 Decadal Spin up of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre J Phys Oceanogr in press 2008 12 04 Key BTL Submitted NUTs data reprocessed Introduction Data were collected in the Southern Pacific Ocean along P15S during 2001 The nutrient data from the voyage was known to have large errors associated with it particularly with nitrate and phosphate The data has been reviewed and re processed comparing it to the DISCO 1996 voyage along the same section This report discusses the reprocessing method and results All final results are reported in umol kg Nitrate concentrations refer to nitrate nitrite Procedure 1 Re calculate concentrations From about run 40 to near the end of the voyage it was clear there was an issue with the Alpkem in both the nitrate and phosphate channels It was discovered at the end of the voyage that there was a growth in both flow cells This resulted in depressed peak heights see figures below first set second set refers to the first and second set of calibrants in each run The re calibration method uses the f values for each level of calibrant and the sample results were calculated based on the f values from the next highest calibrant 2 Final plots to flag outliers The final results were plotted against ctd pressure a
15. 2500db i J DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO DOTSS original 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number Phosphate DOTSS corrected WOCE Depth dbar Latitude R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Coefficient of Variation vs concentration Silicate 2 T T T T L8 gt 2 16r 4 E 141 4 o E Es 12r 2 t ms dp z e Lo me o8r o S o 0 6 0 4 i i l 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Concentration um kg Silicate 2500db 150 I DOTSS corrected 140 WOCE DISCO 6 DOTSS original 130 MAA AE ZEHN c 120 e eee OE a 1 1 0 IRE RARI PEOR ERN DRA 100 PEATE E EEEE EF TRUE SS E E A i RAP AP AAA peel Mr PR PR iad Sed Geb ae E E E 4 90 a ACRAS Rn C VEN SHUT AEG Se E DRAIN PUO FATE IAS HRS OTN RN ERRADA SEAL OR RTI AC la Ne EGO LAESA RN ARES DUC ES RE RD We PERDRE E SU E AAA cal 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number Silicate DOTSS corrected WOCE 1000 E 2000 a 3000 a 4000 5000 Latitude R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry References WOCE Operations Manual Volume 3 WHP Office Report WHPO 91 1 WOCE Report No 68 9 November 1994 Revision 1 CSIRO Hydrochemistry Operations Manual 1999 Cowley R Critchley G Eriksen R Latham V Plascke R Rayner M Terhell D Chlorofluorocarbons CFCs Principal Investigators Mark
16. Acknowledgments Data Processing Notes Franklin Voyage Summary No FR05 2001 Title Monitoring ocean climate change around Australia the Deep Ocean Time Series Sections DOTSS Itinerary Leg 1 Departed Wellington New Zealand 0915hrs Thursday 24 May 2001 Arrived Nuku alofa Tonga 0830hrs Saturday 16 June 2001 Leg 2 Departed Nuku alofa Tonga 2200hrs Saturday 16 June 2001 Arrived Apia Western Samoa 1000hrs Saturday 7 July 2001 local 8 July 2001 AEST Principal Investigators Susan E Wijffels Chief Scientist CSIRO Marine Research GPO 1538 Hobart Tasmania 7000 Australia Phone 03 6232 5450 Fax 03 6232 5123 e mail Susan Wijffels marine csiro au John Church Bronte Tilbrook and Steve Rintoul Antarctic CRC and CSIRO Marine Research Nathan Bindoff Antarctic Co operative Research Centre University of Tasmania Mark Warner and Chris Sabine University of Washington Seattle USA John Bullister NOAA PMEL Seattle USA Scientific Objectives Establish a time series of full depth repeat ocean measurements capable of resolving decadal and longer time scale changes in the structure and carbon storage of the oceans around Australia from Antarctica to the equator Use these data to test climate model predictions and to determine whether and how fast climate is changing due to the Greenhouse Effect and or natural decadal variability Cruise Track Starting in Wellington Franklin steamed into d
17. CSIRO Report can be found at http www marine csiro au marlin rvdatal htm Fr 5 01 CTD stations 160 170 180 190 200 210 o o 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 160 170 180 190 200 210 Figure 1 Cruise Track from Wellington to Tonga to Apia Samoa The CTD station locations are indicated by the dots R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing Underway Data Data processing completed by Bernadette Heaney July 2001 1 Voyage details Monitoring ocean climate change around Australia 1 1 Principal Investigators Susan Wijffels CSIRO Division of Marine Research John Church Bronte Tilbrook and Steve Rintoul Antarctic CRC and CSIRO Marine Reserach Nathan Bindoff Antarctic CRC University of Tasmania Mark Warner University of Washing Seattle USA John Bullister and Chris Sabine NOAA PMEL Seattle USA 2 General underway data processing procedures A set of standard underway instruments are logged onboard the research vessel Franklin this data is displayed in real time onboard to assist with voyage planning and watch keeping some of the data is subsequently processed onshore to produce a set of standard underway data The data is logged to hourly files the naming convention is explained in Section 7 1 on page 12 these are referred to as raw data files The standard underway data set is 5 minute values of ship position latitude and longitude water depth sea
18. S N 130527 5 June 34 Steps in trace Installed sensor S N 130526 67 Steps in trace Swapped pump 29 June 109 Steps in trace Re installed original sensor 130527 Note It is likely that the steps in the oxygen were due to contact problems as similar problems have been rectified in the past by screwing in the sensor to increase the contact pressure The following table lists deployments that appear to be affected by the above problems It was compiled after a brief visual inspection of the deeper less rapidly varying segments of the oxygen profiles on the procCTD multi parameter plots No attempt has been made to correct or edit out the suspect data from the averaged files Deployment Problem 26 Small spike at 2500 dB 28 Steppy spikes 2800 3000 dB 29 Bad step at 4500 dB 30 Bad step at 4000 dB 31 Bad step at 3500 dB 33 Small step at 3000 dB 40 41 Possible small steps vic 2100 3600 dB both amp 3700 40 R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing Deployment Problem 66 Many bad steps esp 2300 3300 amp 4000 5700 dB 68 Bad steps 4400 5400 dB 77 Small ve spike at 4500 dB 79 Small ve step 4500 4700 dB 104 Small ve spike 4500 dB 107 Steppy profile 1400 2100 dB Small ve spikes 3400 3700 dB 108 Very steppy profile below 2000 dB The above list is not exhaustive 3 4 2 Calibration procedure Our model for the response of the Dissolved Oxygen sensor is based on
19. Submitted CTD processing report R V Franklin 2001 Data Processing Notes Date Contact Data Action Summary 2007 04 10 Key BTL Submitted Metadata to accompany data submission of today The version of the data I started with originated with Alex Kozyr 12 22 04 Most flags in that file were 1 I did primary QC on all parameters Some notes included in the README file attached Bottom depths estimated from global topography All calculated parameters with my functions depth theta sigmax aou I have not tried to get H3 He3 data from Lupton Permission received from all PIs to submit post I will notify them that I submitted to you and to CDIAC AII units and flags WOCE standard Place Data Online 1 25 05 Initialized README file for Franklin re occupation of P15S S Wijffels Ch Sci EXPOCODE 09FA200105 1 leg 1 5 24 2001 Dpt Wellington NZ 6 16 2001 Arr Tonga leg 2 6 16 2001 Dpt Tonga 7 7 2001 Arr Apia Western Samoa 24bottle X 10 liter rosette Splus name p15s2001a Hydro Who Wijffels Status final S Plus up to date Notes File from Kozyr 12 22 04 Bottom depths estimated bottle depths calculated Flagged Salt 76 1 14 See Johnson et al 2007 Roemmich et al 2007 Nuts O2 Who Status final S Plus up to date Notes Deep nitrates are about lumol kg lower than NOAA 1996 occupation Flagged NO3 5 1 19 31 1 10 103 1 17 107 1 23 122 1 15 Deep phosphates are about 05 umol kg
20. Warner and John Bullister Sample collection and analysis provided by Frederick Menzia and Regina Cesario Specially designed 10 1 water sample bottles were used on the cruise to help reduce CFC contamination during R V Franklin cruise FRO105 Between 50 S and the equator nominally along 170 W Samples for the analysis of dissolved CFC 11 CFC 12 and CFC 113 were drawn from approximately 1900 of the water samples collected during the expedition Samples for carbon tetrachloride CCI4 or CFC 10 analysis were drawn from approximately one quarter of the samples When taken water samples for CFC analysis were usually the first samples drawn from the 10 1 bottles Care was taken to co ordinate the sampling of CFCs with other samples to minimize the time between the initial opening of each bottle and the completion of sample drawing In most cases dissolved oxygen DIC and alkalinity were collected within several minutes of the initial opening of each bottle To minimize contact with air the CFC samples were drawn directly through the stopcocks of the 10 1 bottles into 100 ml precision glass syringes equipped with 2 way metal stopcocks The syringes were immersed in a holding tank of clean seawater until analyzed To reduce the possibility of contamination from high levels of CFCs frequently present in the air inside research vessels the CFC extraction analysis system and syringe holding tank were housed in a modified 20 laboratory van on the aft deck of
21. line was reputedly BUSY and on 26 occasions it dropped out after the connection was established I could see no obvious pattern to the failures except on one occasion when it dropped out 3 times while the vessel was turning slowly to come onto station The success rate did seem to improve in the last week of the voyage In contrast to the B the M behaved almost flawlessly with only one or two drop outs for the entire voyage 1 2 Data acquisition and acquisition software 1 The way program now handles way points in the Western hemisphere DELP now displays Western hemisphere positions correctly 2 There was no provision for monitoring VOY LOG or WLOG on DELP These now publish data on sms and were added to the DELP options file R V Franklin 2001 Appendix B Computing Report Data backups are taking an increasingly long time It took 5 25 hrs to do the final 14Gb data backup of fdcs log 2 and even longer on fdcs log 1 which was slowed down by the data collection system I adopted a different strategy this voyage to try to spped things up The data backups were meant to be made well ahead of time and any new files were picked up in a final daily cpio We will have to re think our backup strategies I tried using tar intead of cpio in the hope of being able to achieve higher blocking factors to reduce tape usage but it seemed to store about the same amount of data as a cpio backup amp could not handle con
22. lower than NOAA occupation Flagged PO4 1 1 24 5 1 19 96 1 20 103 1 17 109 1 8 Deep silicates are very similar to the NOAA occupation Flagged Si 5 1 9 53 1 5 64 1 1 Deep aou are very similar to the NOAA occupation Flagged O2 8 1 10 40 1 11 58 1 18 64 1 1 78 1 16 107 1 23 Note from Wijffels 4 10 07 nuts still need more QC TCO2 Who B Tilbrook and C Sabine Status final S Plus up to date Notes Batch 52 CRM Shipboard value for 66 samples 2005 45 0 83 Deep tco2 are very similar to the NOAA 1996 occupation Flagged 10106 14105 24113 53105 78116 78115 107123 111101 113121 113110 115119 115107 128119 TA Who B Tilbrook and C Sabine Status final S Plus up to date Notes Batch 52 CRM Shipboard value for 37 samples 2224 72 1 03 Deep alk are very similar to the NOAA occupation Flagged 8108 10114 11115 12110 14107 14105 20107 28110 30103 37120 53105 58124 81124 91105 99104 106119 113110 116103 fCO2 Who f Status not sampled S Plus R V Franklin 2001 Data Processing Notes Notes pH25 Who Status not sampled S Plus Notes CFC Who M Warner and J Bullister Status final S Plus up to date Notes full cfc 11 amp 12 with partial CCI4 C 14 Who Status not sampled S Plus Notes C 13 Who Status not sampled S Plus Notes H 3 He 3 Who J Lupton Status no data yet S Plus Notes Other References Johnson G C S Mecking B M Sloyan and S E Wijffels
23. month port period in Brisbane at the end of Fr06 Alpkem 510 Nutrient Detectors Two Nutrient Detectors used by the chemists had problems during this leg One stopped working altogether The lamp was not operational This was traced to be no lamp ground being switched to the lamp filament The cause of this was found to be some liquid which had managed to flow into the rear of the unit and get under a ribbon connector on the remote control PCB This caused a 400 ohm leakage path between 2 pins on the connector which was sufficient to pull a normally logic high state down to a low This flowed on through some logic circuitry and eventually preventing a transistor from switching the lamp ground All care should be taken to prevent chemicals spilling into electronic equipment The other Nutrient detector has an intermittent noise problem All power supplies check out ok Each time this unit was brought into the Electronics the fault seemed to disappear R V Franklin 2001 Appendix A Marine Insturmentation Required Further Used On Attention i Equipment Systems Action Action Cruise During i Reguired Cruise Ctd Mkiiib 2 Ctd Mkiiic 8 Ctd Mkiiic 10 Rosette Go 12bottle Rosette Go 24 Bottle 1 Rosette Go 24 Bottle 2 Eg amp G 1401 Deck Unit 1 Eg amp G 1401 Deck Unit 2 Rosette Frame 12 Bottle Rosette Frame 24 Bottle 2 51 Rosette Frame 24 Bottle 101 Seabird Frame 24 X 2 5 Litre Seabird Frame 24 X 10 Litre X
24. of disagreement with CTD burst data were removed in order to get a cleaner look at the comparative plots of sample versus CTD values This was only completed up to station 108 Some dissolved oxygen data was edited as necessary Check data present indicates the data set is quite complete for stations 67 129 Unfortunately all the paperwork from Leg A was removed from the vessel at Tonga which meant we were unable to verify the presence absence errors of data from leg A There is also the chance that inadvertently some leg B data was written over leg A data Detailed Report Hydrochemistry ALPKEM The Alpkem A D box worked for the duration after being repaired on the first leg The Phosphate detector became unstable during the cruise and was replaced by the spare On being checked by lindsay no fault could be found The spare Phosphate detector lost power to the Lamp which was discovered to have been caused by a leak shorting out the remote control board in the back of the detector The original detector was put back into service and was stable for several days and then again became unstable The repaired spare was put back into the system Again no problem could be found with the unstable detector Feeling is either it s breaking down when gets overheated or else there s a bad connection The Nitrate standard calibration fell below the origin and gave low SRM recoveries The problem was discovered to be a growth in the sample line this
25. output which means that the CTD oxygen values should only be used for qualitative interpretation 2 Voyage details 2 1 Title Monitoring Ocean Climate Change around Australia The Deep Ocean Time series Sections 2 2 Principal Investigators Susan E Wijffels CSIRO Marine Research Hobart John Church Bronte Tilbrook and Steve Rintoul Antarctic CRC and CSIRO Marine Research Hobart Nathan Bindoff Antarctic CRC University of Tasmania Hobart Mark Warner amp Chris Sabine University of Washington Seattle USA CTD Processing Notes John Bullister NOAA PMEL Seattle USA 2 3 Voyage objectives According to the voyage summary these were to e Establish a time series of full depth repeat ocean measurements capable of resolving decadal and longer time scale changes in the structure and carbon storage of the oceans around Australia from Antarctica to the Equator e Use these data to test climate model predictions and to determine whether and how fast cli mate is changing due to the Greenhouse Effect and or natural decadal variability R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing For further details refer to the Voyage Summary Report http www marine csiro au franklin plans 2001 fr0900s html 2 4 Area of operation Eni E 0 X EE E AE H ECECI Jon E Figure 1 Fr 5 01 CTD stations 3 Processing Notes 3 1 Background Information The data was acquired with CSIRO s CTD unit 20 a Seabird SBE911 with dual con
26. procedure 3 fdcs log l s console went blank early in the voyage but the computer continued to run OK so I did nothing about it until a power failure forced a reboot The screen still didn t come up until I re seated the keyboard cable 4 fdcs user experienced problems twice one of them requiring a reboot It is suspected that tmp filled up due to the large number of plots being spooled from the pc s We need a mechanism for periodically flushing tmp or for deleting the print files after the jobs have completed 5 The DELP nav output is periodically being corrupted I suspect that this is due to a process over writing the GPO sms latitude amp longitude 6 The Ashtec 3DF continues to hang periodically and has to be restarted either by power cycling or by stopping and starting the logging software several times until it acknowledges the RESET command sent by the logging software This has to be a firmware problem and we should continue to make representations to Ashtec until it is solved 7 The ADCP software hangs periodically it seems to happen when 3DF data has been unavailable for some time The ADCP logging amp display processes have to be killed and restarted usually twice before logging will resume 8 The Doppler Log logging controller reported bad data on a number of occasions I did not have suf ficient free time to investigate this further R V Franklin 2001 Data Processing Notes Date Contac
27. run analysis could result in an offset Errors during calibrant make up The source of the inter run noise may be attributed to one or all of the following Instrumental noise the Alpkem system was notoriously noisy e Errors during calibrant make up e Contamination of samples during sampling analysis Estimation of error in the results Using the final method of calibration the coefficient of variation in the results was calculated based on a pooled standard deviation of the QC samples that were run through the entire voyage Below are the coefficient of variation results for the final results The average coefficient of variation for the results is Nitrate Nitrite 1 64 Silicate 1 35 Phosphate 5 3 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Coefficient of Variation 96 vs concentration Nitrate 4 T T T T T T T T 3 5 2 5 i Standard deviation mean 100 CV N I 0 l I le 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Concentration um kg Nitrate 2500db DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO DOTSS original 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number cs DOTSS WOCE 1000 2000 3000 Depth dbar 4000 5000 30 25 20 Latitude R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Coefficient of Variation vs concentration Phosphate 9 T T T T Standard deviation mean 100 CV 2 i I 0 0 5 1 1 5 2 2 5 3 Concentration um kg Phosphate
28. the problem It is not very good practise to do this There is a breaker on the ships office level that can be reset to achieve the same result The following night I was called from sleep to perform this once more After this the problem did not reoccur for the remainder of the cruise On 21 6 01 large spikes were evident on the CTD tension continuous plot when the CTD was on board with no load on the strain gauge This had disappeared by the next day EA500 Scientific Sounder At the beginning of leg 2 the display on the EA500 appeared very noisy Adjustments were carried out to try and improve this Problems were encountered locking onto the bottom once the ship was in depths over 3000 metres Eventually on the 3rd day of leg 2 the bottom could not be found and the display was R V Franklin 2001 Appendix A Marine Insturmentation extremely noisy The transmit pulse could not be heard in the lower decks of the ship so the EA500 was opened up and investigated The High Voltage Led was not illuminating The power supply board appeared difficult to remove so a decision was made to install the spare EA500 from the Electronics Lab but keep the same transceivers This required swapping most of the boards to the spare frame However on power up there was no video output from this unit The display and ethernet card was then swapped but still no display The power supply board was then removed from the spare unit and the original configuration with
29. the ship For air sampling a 45 meter length of 3 8 OD Dekaron tubing was run from the CFC lab van to the bow of the ship A flow of air was drawn through this line into the CFC van using an Air Cadet pump The air was compressed in the pump with the downstream pressure held at 1 5 atm using a back pressure regulator A tee allowed a flow 100 cc min 1 of the compressed air to be directed to the gas sample valves while the bulk flow of the air 77 1 min 1 was vented through the back pressure regulator Air samples were only analyzed when the relative wind direction was within 60 degrees of the bow of the ship to reduce the possibility of shipboard contamination The Air Cadet pump was run for at least 60 minutes prior to analyzing each batch of air samples to insure that the air inlet lines and pump were thoroughly flushed Concentrations of CFC 11 CFC 12 and CFC 113 in air samples seawater and gas standards on the cruise were measured by shipboard electron capture gas chromatography EC GC using techniques similar to those described by Bullister and Weiss 1988 For seawater analyses a 35 ml aliquot of seawater from the glass syringe was transferred into the glass sparging chamber The dissolved CFCs in the seawater sample were extracted by passing a supply of CFC free purge gas through the sparging chamber for a period of 4 minutes at 70 cc min 1 Water vapor was removed from the purge gas during passage through an 18 cm long x 3 8 inch dia
30. 24 72 1 03 mmoles kg Duplicate analyses for alkalinity showed an absolute difference between duplicates of 1 03 0 91 mmol kg 1 s d n 150 TCO results for CRM samples 2005 45 0 83 mmol kg 1 s d n 66 and the absolute difference between duplicates was 1 08 0 74 mmol kg 1 s d n 200 Surface DIC values followed expected trends with gradually decreasing concentrations to the north a minimum occurring at station 73 at 17 5 S before increasing again The bottom water below 5000 db showed a very consistent value of 2257 2 umoles kg until station 112 at 8 S when the concentration started to increase reaching values of 2277 umoles kg at station 128 at the equator A mid depth maximum was very apparent on Leg II and increased in concentration as the track proceeded north Continuous measurements of the fugacity of carbon dioxide fCO2 in surface waters were also made along the cruise track The fCO2 measuring system is based on a Weiss type equilibrator and a LICOR 6252 Infrared Gas Analyser IR During a six hour cycle three CO2 in air standards clean outside air and air equilibrated with surface waters are analysed The three standards and the air sample are analysed for eight minutes each at the beginning of the six hour cycle Measurements are made in surface waters for the remainder of the cycle Data are recorded as one minute averages of readings taken every second The CO2 in air standards are referenced
31. 4 x10 Refractive Index and Blank values nitrate NRA Vr A NVWVNA Ao e y mt NON a RI Blank Hydrochemistry 20 40 60 80 100 Run number 1 120 J 140 2 Recalculation of data with sensitivity factors from the next highest calibrant Closer evaluation of the WOCE method looking at actual OSU runs showed that OSU only utilised one standard when calculating the sensitivity factors This makes sense when the system is completely linear and the sample concentrations are close to the calibrant concentration used For this data the next highest calibrant from the sample concentration was used to calculate the concentration SRM results from the original calibrations Error Error in SRM values from expected nitrate 15 10 Low SRM High SRM 0 20 40 60 80 100 Run 120 140 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry SRM results after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant Error in SRM values from expected nitrate 5 T T T T T T Low SRM y High SRM ee Li e e oe ger OE G6 E a gt s T 3 Es d e st e E 79 s s e E og Los ma E NN A e st ie uou MUN S S e i ss d Su C LES Wu s a WEE NM U Y E i lis ROG ar Le we
32. CRUISE REPORT P15S Updated AUG 2009 A HIGHLIGHTS A J CRUISE SUMMARY INFORMATION Section designation P15S Expedition designation ExpoCode 09FA20010524 Chief Scientist Susan E Wijffels CSIRO Dates 24 MAY 2001 8 JUL 2001 Ship R V Franklin Ports of call Wellington New Zealand Nuku alofa Tonga Apia Western Samoa 09 Geographic boundaries 180 170 W 49 5 S Stations 129 Floats and drifters deployed 0 Moorings deployed or recovered 0 Chief Scientist Contact Info Susan E Wijffels CSIRO Marine Research GPO 1538 Hobart Tasmania 7000 Australia Phone 03 6232 5450 Fax 03 6232 5123 e mail Susan Wijffels marine csiro au LINKS TO TEXT LOCATIONS Shaded sections are not relevant to this cruise or were not available when this report was compiled Cruise Summary Information Hydrographic Measurements Description of Scientific Program CTD Data Geographic Boundaries Acquisition Cruise Track Figure PI Processing Description of Stations Calibration Description of Parameters Sampled Temperature Pressure Salinities Oxygens Bottle Data Salanity Oxygen Principal Investigators Nutrients Cruise Participants CFCs Problems and Goals Not Achieved Underway Data Information References Bathymetry CTD Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ADCP Nutrients Meteorological Observations
33. Flag estimate m or help estimate The QC Flag for derived quantities such as Salinity and Dissolved Oxygen is taken to the worst of the estimates for the parameters from which they are derived 4 References Beattie R D in prep procCTD CTD Processing Procedures Manual FrameMaker document net fdcs opt fdcs src ctd doc procCTD fm Owens W B and J C Millard Jr 1985 A new algorithm for CTD oxygen calibration J Phys ical Oceanography 15 621 631 MacDonald L 2001 Marine Instrumentation Voyage Report for R V Franklin Voyage Fr05B 2001 16 June 8 July 2001 unpub Pender L 2000 Data Quality Control Flags http www csiro marine au datacentre ext_docs Data QualityControlFlags pdf Thomas S 2001 Marine Instrumentation Voyage Report for R V Franklin Voyage Fr05A 2001 24 May 16 June 2001 unpub R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Leg 1 Val Latham Neale Johnston and Dave Terhell Summary The voyage principal investigator was Susan Wijffels 66 CTD stations were completed Analyses carried out Nitrate nitrite 1467 Phosphate 1467 Silicate 1467 Salinity Guildline salinometer 1448 Dissolved Oxygen automated titration 1429 Rosette and CTD CTD 720 new seabird was used with the new 24 bottle Niskin bottles 10L NOAA bottles Salinity Offset Hydrochemistry For those taking a preliminary look at the CTD data the CTD was reading about 0 017psu low Detailed R
34. IRO Marine Research Nathan Bindoff Antarctic Co operative Research Center University of Tasmania Mark Warner and Chris Sabine University of Washington Seattle USA John Bullister NOAA PMEL Seattle USA 2 2 Voyage objectives Establish a time series of full depth repeat ocean measurements capable of resolving decadal and longer time scale changes in the structure and carbon storage of the oceans around Australia from Antarctica to the equator Use these data to test climate model predictions and to determine whether and how fast climate is changing due tothe Greenhouse Effect and or natural decadal variability 2 3 Area of operation See Figure 1 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Hydrology Processing 3 Processing notes 3 1 Introduction The hydrology data was processed according to the procedures outlined in Hydrology data processing procedures First edition Rebecca Cowley Hydrology data is collected on the upcast of a CTD deployment and salinity data is compared to calibrated CTD upcast burst data Erroneous values are deleted from the dataset Dissolved oxygen and nutrient data are compared deployment to deployment with obvious outliers deleted from the dataset CTD unit 20 was used on this voyage and 128 deployments were completed of which 128 contain hydrology data Salinity dissolved oxygen and nutrient data were collected 3 2 Salinity Salinity data deleted from the dataset
35. May 23 28 23 54 02 Jun 01 17 01 56 04 Jun 20 22 23 59 05 Jun 00 00 23 35 17 Jun 05 17 05 45 Date comments instrument being repaired instrument being repaired c occcoic 5 5 Data Quality There were many spikes in the salinity data up till the instrument was repaired The CTD salinity values should be within 003 resolution and the CTD temperature within 003 degrees the thermosalinograph only records to the second decimal place so the best pre cision would be within 01 psu for salinity and 01 degrees for temperature An offset offset was added to the salinity data of 0 004 and 019 for temperature Fluorometer data is not a standard product Temperature and salinity data for this voyage compares well with CTD temperature and salinity data 6 Meteorology data 6 1 Instruments The vvyynnnhmm met files contain values from the following selected instruments as shown in the metcal files The meterorological station is mounted 17 m above sea level TABLE 2 vvyynnnhmm met Instrument name AD590 solid state temperature air temperature Vaisala solid state probe humidity 3 cup anemometer wind speed vane driving a potentiometer wind direction licor LI 1928B radiation rain guage cummulative rain and values of ship speed and heading from the doppler log and gyro corrected wind speed and wind direction max wind speed and wind direction max corrected wind speed and ass
36. Owens and Millard 1985 It uses an iterated 6 parameter fit for the parameters Oxygen Current Slope gain Oxygen Current Bias Sensor Lag Activation Energy Reaction Volume Temperature weight In principle the last 4 factors should be constant for the sensor type and geometry with only the Slope and Bias changing as the sensor becomes depleted In practice we iterate some or all of the other components as we have not yet determined the ideal default values In addition there seems to be a hysteresis effect that is not included in the sensor model This means that it is not possible to produce a good fit of both the downcast and upcast sensor out puts to the bottle data The downcast samples are the downcast values for the same pressures as the Upcast sample bursts The data from the two sensors used during the voyage was calibrated separately Reaction Volume and Temperature Weight were left at the default values of 29 6 and 0 9 resp Deployments 1 33 109 129 Sensor s n 130527 1 The iteration would not converge when I attempted to use all the deployments to compute the Sensor Lag and the Activation Energy so these were computed using deployments 1 33 and were applied to both groups of deployments Sensor Lag 15 223 Activation Energy 4692 4 2 The samples were calibrated against the downcast sample burst data to determine the Slope and Bias Deployment grouping Current Slope Current Bias Fit S D
37. Samoan Passage the northward flowing boundary currents are clear At both sections there has been an increase in CFC concentration since these sections were last occupied However no quantitative comparison with previous data has yet been undertaken Samples were analysed for dissolved inorganic carbon TCO and seawater alkalinity TA The TCO2 values were measured by coulometry using a SOMMA system TA values were measured by potentiometric titration on a closed cell For carbon parameters full profiles 24 Niskin bottles were taken every other CTD station along the cruise track with surface and some fill in samples up to 14 collected at other CTD stations Where possible carbon analyses were made at stations that coincided with locations that had been analysed for carbon during WOCE on sections P15S PISN P21 and P6 Data quality for both TCO2 and TA was monitored during the cruise using duplicate samples and by analysing Batch 52 Certified Reference Material CRM provided by Dr Andrew G Dickson Scripps Institution of Oceanography The data quality were good for both legs of the cruise At each 24 bottle cast for carbon three depths were sampled in duplicate The duplicates were interspersed with the other samples from the cast and analysed The measured CRM titration alkalinity values were used to calibrate the potentiometric titration cell volume For 37 samples the calculated CRM alkalinity on both legs of the cruise the cruise was 22
38. a hyd Documentation The file contains these water sample identifiers Cast Number CASTNO Station Number STATNO Bottle Number BTLNBR Sample Number SAMPNO KOZYR ALEX would like the following action s taken on the data Place Data Online Any additional notes are This is an exchange formatted file I received from John Bullister with all data para meters measured during the Deep Ocean Time Series Sections DOTSS Repeat Section PISS SRO3 I ve made all QA QC on carbon related measurements TCARBN and TALK I also include a cruise report file for your information R V Franklin 2001 Data Processing Notes Date Contact Data Action Summary 2004 12 10 Kozyr TCARBN ALK Submitted along w data report I have just submitted an exchange formatted file I received from John Bullister with all data parameters measured during the Deep Ocean Time Series Sections DOTSS Repeat Section P15S SR03 I ve made all QA QC on carbon related measurements TCARBN and TALK There is only one file I could submit at once using your web page so I attached here a documentation file for P15S SRO3 cruise 2004 12 13 Anderson CO2 Submitted Exchange file to be put online Copied files submitted by A Kozyr from INCOMING to p15s_2001a original 20041210 KOZYR PISS 2001 Bullister gave this file to Kozyr It is in exchange format and contains all data parameters measu
39. ad s ES eE nm qe te os 4 E SE s A o E x s bar st w BU o 4 n 4r s Pg pagai me v ow 2 a l 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Comparison with WOCE data and original DOTSS data at 2500db after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the closest calibrant Silicate 2500db 1504 DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO S DOTSS original 140 80 i l i j 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run number R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry QC sample results QC sample results and DOTSS WOCE results QC sample results silicate uM 35 tee DENT H T s qe e Ae tee of Li oe o egit te i Sure its l nt d Lm tas 3 alode ie m 30 H 2 3 25 a E t o o o 20 15 fei 1 d det s KOJE DN o i KRSTE TJ ne quen te c tiie em geacttegeige nitet UG uritur 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO um kg silicate 2500db 10 EL n MA v ob o E 5 5 T 1 10 4 DOTSS corrected WOCE DISCO umikg QC sample result 30um kg i i i i 15 1 I J 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 DOTSS Station number R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Comparison wit
40. anism It was tested several times using random firing procedures by sending the appropriate commands to the annex port Rubber bands were used to simulate a bottle lanyard but with a lot lower tension in air It was discovered that the lanyard from bottle 18 was most likely catching on a cable tie on the seacable going to the load cell The cable ties were changed to a different position and some electrical tape was used to cover the cables and the problem did not re emerge The lanyard from Bottle position 19 also began catching but this time in the gap left at the top of the rosette frame join This should be filled with epoxy or similar to prevent this occuring again Cable At the end of the cruise the CTD cable was inspected for kinks and corrosion The only corrosion evident was the usual surface rust The secondary clamps on the rosette termination were opened up and inspected and found to be near new condition A re termination of the cable was deemed unnecessary at this stage This should most likely be carried out in Brisbane prior to Fr0701 Winch Monitoring System On the initial CTD test cast at the start of leg 2 there was no data output from the CTD winch monitoring PCB This required the top to taken off the box and the connector supplying power and the backup battery removed and then re installed to reset the firmware The first time this was done carried out data was being transmitted but it was corrupted A second reset fixed
41. are shown in Table 1 All deletions were due to a bad sample or analysis Many outliers were retained and can be attributed to the surface water structure which leads to anomolies between the CTD and hydrology data The area of sampling had surface water with steep haloclines The final CTD salinity Hydro salinity offset plot is shown in Figure 2 Table 1 Salinity measurements deleted from hydrology dataset CTD CTD Deploy Rosette Niskin Hydro Deploy Rosette Niskin Hydro ment Position bottle salinity ment Position bottle salinity difference difference 2 5 1107 0 015 73 9 1027 0 014 2 11 1210 0 075 73 22 1266 0 012 7 18 1261 74 21 1204 0 016 12 19 1231 0 009 75 23 1114 0 024 12 22 1302 0 009 78 20 1221 0 012 19 10 1266 0 014 82 12 1217 0 013 25 21 1104 0 015 85 18 1261 0 012 38 21 1104 0 011 86 22 1266 0 017 47 6 1227 0 197 87 21 1204 0 015 51 5 1107 0 073 90 19 1215 0 013 53 21 1104 0 053 93 17 1260 0 011 54 23 1114 0 014 100 20 1114 0 011 60 22 1101 0 156 115 19 1266 0 264 64 1 1233 0 036 121 21 1037 0 023 64 13 1004 0 200 124 16 1251 0 020 70 21 1204 0 020 124 19 1266 0 111 71 21 1204 0 027 125 9 1264 0 012 72 22 1231 0 015 125 22 1010 0 012 126 24 1006 0 012 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Hydrology Processing CTD HYDRO Station Pressure Figure 2 CTD salinity Hydro salinit
42. ble correction bottom track preferred to direct GPS velocities preferred to position derived GPS velocities GPS corrected direct GPS ship velocities preferred to position derived GPS velocities the following agp files were integrated using reference layer averaging over bins 2 to 8 then merged with files which were integrated using no reference layer averaging fr0105 agp 3098 20 minute profiles fr0105_60 agp 1038 60 minute profiles 2 4 Data Rejections 2 4 1 Data files using 3DF GPS heading Out of a total of 20668 three minute ensembles 20637 made it through to the processed file stage with 575399 total good bins Bin 1 rejections 385 Number of bins rejected due solely to Good lt 20 291641 Good lt 50 where RLA was bad and no acceleration 4471 Good lt 70 where RLA was bad and there was acceleration 168 Vertical velocity gt 0 40 m s 153 S D of error velocity gt 0 15 m s 1161 Isolates 0 Absolute velocity gt 2 m s 0 dv dz shear per metre in upper 200 m gt 0 035 m s 0 dv dz sites 37 Number of bins rejected due to multiple tests 159260 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 ADCP processing 2 4 2 Data files using gyro compass heading Out of a total of 20665 three minute ensembles 20636 made it through to the processed file stage with 580305 total good bins Bin 1 rejections 367 Number of bins rejected due solely to Good 20 284629 Good 50 wher
43. doff Antarctic CRC University of Tasmania Mark Warner University of Washing Seattle USA John Bullister and Chris Sabine NOAA PMEL Seattle USA 2 Processing Notes 2 1 Features of this voyage In good weather conditions the depth range of the ADCP was good 350 m at maximum speed 03 Jul 2001 10 47 There was very little bottom track data 2 2 Special processing for this voyage 3 minute adp files returned from the ship were processed to produce a set of data corrected with 3DF heading As it had been reported that the 3DF GPS was not logging at some times during the voyage and also some concern that the ADCP logging also hung the data was also processed using heading from the gyro compass The raw ping by ping ADCP data files rawdp were processed using the program rawdp2adp which was run combining raw ADCP ping data with gyro compass heading to pro duce 3 minute adp files which were then processed in the usual manner to produce the stand ard processed data set Reference layer averaging for the production of adp files was over bins 2 to 8 A subsequent examination of 10 reported gaps showed that during 7 of these gaps there was no gyro corrercted ADCP data as well indicating that the ADCP logging had hung as well at these times this will be investigated further 2 3 Profiles produced 2 3 1 3DF GPS heading used Best available correction bottom track preferred to direct GPS ship velocities preferred to
44. ductivity and temperature sensors an SBEI3B Beckman dissolved oxygen sensor and a 24 bottle rosette CTD Processing Notes The raw CTD data was converted to scientific units and written to netCDF format files for processing using the matlab based procCTD package procCTD is described in the procCTD User s Manual R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing procCTD applies automated QC and preliminary processing to the data This includes spike removal identification of water entry and exit conductivity sensor lag corrections and the determination of the pressure offsets It also loads the hydrology data and computes the match ing CTD sample burst data The bottle sample data was used to compute final conductivity and dissolved oxygen calibra tions These were applied to the data and the files of binned averaged data were produced 3 2 Pressure and temperature calibration Pressures were computed using the Seabird supplied calibrations The temperature sensors were calibrated on 8th May 2001 at the CSIRO Marine Research Calibration Facility Calibra tion reports 159T and 160T An additional pressure offset correction was computed for each deployment by assuming a lin ear drift between the pre and post deployment out of water pressures The pressure offsets for the voyage are plotted in Figure 2 below The pressure sensor shows slight hysteresis in its response with the out of water offsets for the deeper deployments being about 0 4 dB gr
45. e RLA was bad and no acceleration 3653 Good lt 70 where RLA was bad and there was acceleration 129 Vertical velocity gt 0 40 m s 281 S D of error velocity gt 0 15 m s 1119 Isolates 0 Absolute velocity gt 2 m s 0 dv dz shear per metre in upper 200 m gt 0 035 m s 0 dv dz sites 43 Number of bins rejected due to multiple tests 161162 3 Calibration ADCP water profile vectors measured relative to the ship are calibrated by being rotated through an angle alpha and multiplied by scaling factor 1 beta The rotational calibration pri marily corrects for misalignment of the transducer with respect to the ship of the ship with respect to the gyrocompass or 3DF GPS and the error in the gyrocompass or 3DF GPS The scaling multiplier primarily corrects biases arising from the profiler itself Both of these calibrations make a large difference to the resultant currents particularly because they are both applied to the usually large ship relative currents For example a scaling mulitplier of 0 01 applied when the water velocity with respect to the ship is 6 m s alter the measured absolute currents by 6 cm s The following calibrations were chosen for this voyage 3 1 Files using the 3DF GPS ship s heading alpha 0 987 0 3 1 beta 1 012 0 006 3 2 Files using the Gyrocompass ship s heading alpha 0 957 0 3 1 beta 1 0099 0 006 23 November 2001 CSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 ADCP pr
46. eater than the in water offsets a 9 9 B ak VW ip SG i 2 NAP ey Ne 98 n s 202295 i 1 i u i uM ull ee 105 it e E O E En dd 6 8 106 120 140 Deployment No Figure 2 Pressure Offsets deployments 1 129 The temperature sensors stayed in calibration during the voyage as the mean outputs of the primary and secondary temperature sensors generally agree within 0 2 mDeg C Fig 3 R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing E 410 modbpgeeeM M geeeseentesenranuun En i raj m ph 4 a i a r H m L i m x a s a a 1 E s 1 o Yoga 1 oou i u q e 7 ig T s y i u a u 1 E HM E 1 E 1 na 4 i U z Y od 1 a Ret I u po 1 E a E H n o n ea 1 i La T Lg ur U pr eeiam denarii unserer nere nean d z 4 Eb x ux un 140 Dx i AD Ped Ch mier Figure 3 Mean Primary Secondary temperature P 21000 dB 3 3 Conductivity calibration The procCTD conductivity calibration procedures differs from our old pre procCTD procedures in that The calibration is applied in addition to the base Manufacturer s calibration rather than being applied to the raw data No allowance is made for inter deployment drift It was decided to produce a single calibration based on the sample data for all the deploy ments rather than break up the voyage into
47. eep water south of the Chatham Rise and a test station was completed Franklin then steamed directly to 170 W 50 S where the meridional survey began From there Franklin worked northwards and westwards to near Chatham Island crossing a deep western boundary current see Figure 1 From there the track was northeastward recrossing the boundary current back to 170 W then along 170 W until interrupted for an exchange of personnel in Tonga On Leg 2 near 17 S the meridional line was interrupted in order to complete an additional crossing of the deep boundary currents found between 170 W and the Tonga Kermadec Ridge After completing this short zonal line the 170 W meridional line was resumed until interrupted again near 10 S for a section across the deep Samoa Passage From here the meridional line was completed to the equator along 168 45 W Results A total of 129 CTD casts were completed Four of these were test casts of various types but the rest of the casts were mostly to within 15m or more usually 10m of the bottom The casts were made along 3 sections Figure 1 along roughly 170 W from 50 S to the equator a partial repeat of WOCE section P15S along 17 5 S from 170 W across the deep western boundary current east of the Tonga Kermadec Ridge a partial repeat of WOCE section P21 and across the Samoa Passage a partial repeat of WOCE section P31 which is the main pathway of deep water from the South to the North Pacific Ocean
48. endix B Computing Report for Franklin Voyage Fr05B 2001 Bob Beattie 1 Work Done 1 1 System management 1 Lindsay Pender complained of very slow network traffic to fdes log 1 during the latter part of 5A Communications eventually failed completely Re seating fdcs log 1 s UTP connector seemed to fix the problem e g I was able to transfer a 31 5Mb file between fdcs log 1 amp fdcs user in under 44 secs approx 700 Kb s 2 The password on the Computer Room Remote Annex 2000 had been set to a non standard value when the unit was replaced during Fr01 01 I reset the password to the normal setting 3 Email was used more heavily than ever 2 18 Mb of messages were sent and 3 25 Mb were received for the 21 day leg which translates to approx 260 Kb day The email system played an important part in the research e g the CFC team were in regular contact with their colleagues in the US both to supply them with data updates or to seek assistance with solving the several instrumental and sampling problems that they encountered during the voyage On two occasions the NEXUS password server in Hobart failed over a weekend and I had to phone A Blake to ask him to restart it We are indebted to him for his efforts 4 INMARSAT B When making email transfers I usually tried to make at least one attempt with the B before I switched to the Mini M Of the 91 attempts that I logged 38 succeeded 27 failed to connect because the
49. ensity anomoly Oxy kg oxy litre 1000 potential density at zero pressure SALINITY On startup the salinometer 62547 was found to have a blockage in the air tube above the 2 bottom arm of the cell This was cleared by pushing water then air down the thick plastic tubing attached to the 4 air tubes It was found that it was only necessary to use air The optimum settings for the lab airconditioner were found to be Parameter Setting Mode Heat Temp 22 degrees Fan High showing fan icon with 3 sets of brackets Flap Fixed straight out The above settings result in a Lab temperature approx 23 degrees Hydrochemistry Leg 2 Gary Critchley Neale Johnston and Kate Berry Summary The voyage principal investigator was Susan Wijffels 63 CTD stations were completed 129 for legs A plus B Analyses carried out Leg B Leg A Total in data set Nitrate nitrite 1389 1467 2856 Phosphate 1389 1467 2856 Silicate 1389 1467 2856 Salinity Guildline salinometer 1437 1448 2885 Dissolved Oxygen automated titration 1387 1429 2816 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Rosette and CTD CTD 20 new seabird was used with the new 24 bottle rosette Niskin bottles 10L NOAA bottles Salinity Offset For those taking a preliminary look at the CTD data the CTD was reading about 0 017psu low Data Some preliminary editing of salinity values whilst not all necessarily wrong because
50. eport Hydrochemistry ALPKEM The Alpkem A D box experienced problems on the first day Steve Thomas determined that the chip controlling data output to the computer was faulty He modified this chip and the A D box worked until the power was switched off to the unit when the same problem occurred He replaced the chip with a different chip which was modified which is currently working The A D box and the detectors have all been earthed as it was noted that touching any part of the Alpkem caused the baselines to shift The back pressure on the 3 channels was modified to optimise the system as was the wetting agent Towards the end of the cruise the Nitrate standard calibration started to fall below the origin and give low SRM recoveries This is being checked R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry DISSOLVED OXYGEN The dissolved oxygen equipment worked well with no failures A problem with the flasks is that some are getting chipped and have dangerously sharp edges which can be sanded blunt Unfortunately there are not enough spare bottles to easily replace the chipped ones The data when compared to WOCE data showed an offset at depth due to different units The units were corrected and the data was then in agreement The correction was to multiply the oxygen units in micromol litre by 1000 rho where rho is the potential density of the water sample at zero pressure using the full potential density 1026 or so kg m 3 not just the d
51. er after sampling had started putting the missing samples in the downcast procC TDApplyCondCal now gives the correct indication of deployment progress 1 4 Analysis amp display software I spent some time debugging amp developing Gary Carol s CTD sectioning and profiling programs Further work needs to be done There are still a few bugs and a GUI user interface would be useful I almost completed one for the profiling programs but I didn t have time to adapt Lindsay s deployment selection GUI John Church found the programs to be very useful for monitoring data quality especially for highlighting problems with the hydro data The rapid feedback meant that the problems could be rectified when things R V Franklin 2001 Appendix B Computing Report were fresh in peoples minds It is very difficult to remember what was done when you are trying to rectify a problem several months down the track 1 5 Miscellaneous Mark Rosenberg Lindsay Macdonald amp I carried out tests with the new CSIRO xbt system in response to a request from Lindsay Pender amp Alex Papij The results were emailed to Hobart 2 Problems amp recommendations 1 Several procCTD suggestions amp problems have already been communicated to Lindsay by email and are not dealt with here 2 procCTD s automated bad data detection does not reject steps in the conductivity due to cell con tamination This would best be done using an interactive graphical
52. h WOCE data and original DOTSS data after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the closest calibrant Silicate DOTSS reprocessed WOCE T T T 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 Silicate DOTSS original WOCE T T T 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Conclusions The data from this voyage is very noisy The analysis for nitrate and phosphate was flawed and the results difficult to repair The bias in the nitrate and phosphate results was very much improved by calibration of the results using the f value of the next highest calibrant and the noise between runs was improved by using a mean refractive index and reagent blank value Sensitivity f value is calculated as f Ac A gt En Where C is the calibrant concentration Ac is the absorbance of the calibrant and A is the absorbance of the matrix or zero calibrant To calculate the concentration of a sample the peak height is multiplied by its regressed f value The source of the bias in the results may be attributed to one or all of the following e Poor performance of the instrument at the time of analysis was not addressed immediately and this is the main source of the bias In particular not cleaning the system regularly seems to be the main problem e Post run analysis positioning of the baseline markers during post
53. he sensor The processed data has been loaded into the meteorology data archive and the resultant eleven columns available for each 5 minute value are TABLE 4 Processed Meteorlogical data air temperature uncorrected wind speed uncorrected wind direction humidity barometric pressure solar radiation corrected wind speed corrected wind direction ship direction ship speed gust 23 November 2001 CSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing 7 Other 7 1 Hourly file naming convention eg fr01079a00 gpoc vvyynnnhmm int where vv is vessel where fr franklin yy year ddd day through year a hour through day a 00 b 01 x 23 mm 00 minute at start of file usually files are started every hour but if logging is restarted minute of restart int instrument gpo gps gpoc compressed gps pdr precision depth recorder met meteorological data vdb barometer tsg thermosalinograph 7 2 Printed material Printed materials created during the processing are available from the Data Centre Terry Byrne 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 ADCP processing ADCP Data processing completed by Bernadette Heaney September 2001 1 Voyage details Monitoring ocean climate change around Australia 1 1 Principal Investigators Susan Wijffels CSIRO Division of Marine Research John Church Bronte Tilbrook and Steve Rintoul Antarctic CRC and CSIRO Marine Research Nathan Bin
54. ibrant concentration used For this data the next highest calibrant from the sample concentration was used to calculate the concentration R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry SRM results from the original calibrations Error in SRM values from expected phosphate 15 T T T T T I Low SRM High SRM m s ws ke sa i 4 NA L af MIT zl 5 cou un ox xx E sat 1 s es CE 1 Si atola ju gs ER AES he 1 get P LUE os se o i DS g A AXE e a E s F s 50 sa a t CE To s n gt ah gt H y o ze GC ob usd de q E 12 H iz 0c RAME n E guts T iets te ugs e j s ers E a gt H a oot su Mos pian Ll MN y ie a ey u ss S ej a a a d wi Murat os Sad a ufi h js i a oe t he E te z slo 1 qe nte X gt E ME P ELM e ga id 3 18 4 ew E ZR Lew E 2d 4 5 s s s M a H 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run SRM results after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the next highest calibrant Error in SRM values from expected phosphate 15 T T T T Low SRM High SRM s 10 E M A 5H a p i id TEE y 4 wee i o EMI Ln eE ES e se oo ae E NU i 5i E not x oe
55. icipants on Leg 1 Neil White CMR Cruise Leader Ming Feng CMR Watch Leader Don McKenzie CMR CTD Lindsay Pender CMR Computing Steve Thomas CMR Electronics David Terhell CMR Hydrochemistry Val Latham CMR Hydrochemistry Neale Johnston CMR Hydrochemistry Fred Menzia University of Washington CFC Regina Cesario University of Washington CFC George Anderson University of Washington Carbon Mark Pretty CMR Carbon Scientific participants on Leg 2 John Church CMR Cruise Leader Mark Rosenberg ACRC Watch Leader Bob Beattie CMR Computing Lindsay MacDonald CMR Electronics Kautu Temaki Kiribati Observer CTD Gary Critchley CMR Hydrochemistry Kate Berry CMR Hydrochemistry Neale Johnston CMR Hydrochemistry Fred Menzia University of Washington CFC Regina Cesario University of Washington CFC George Anderson University of Washington Carbon Jeanette O Sullivan CMR Carbon Acknowledgements We received excellent support from the Ship s officers and crew the scientific staff and Franklin Operations officers We thank them and the shore based support staff for ensuring the success of the cruise This cruise is a contribution to CSIRO s Climate Change Research Program with partial funding provided by Australia s National Greenhouse Research Program The CFC and US CO programs were supported by funds from the National Science Foundation award OCE 0095960 Neil White Chief Scientist Leg 1 John Church Chief Scientist Leg 2 Original
56. me were thoroughly flushed with standard gas and injected into the system The temperature and pressure were recorded so that the amount of gas injected could be calculated The procedures used to transfer the standard gas to the trap precolumn main chromatographic column and EC detector were similar to those used for analyzing water samples Two sizes of gas sample loops were present in the CFC analytical system while four calibrated sample loops were used in the CCI4 system Multiple injections of these loop volumes could be made to allow the system to be calibrated over a relatively wide range of concentrations Air samples and system blanks injections of loops of CFC free gas were injected and analyzed in a similar manner The typical analysis time for a seawater air standard or blank sample was 15 minutes on the CFC system and 20 minutes on the CCI4 system Concentrations of the CFCs and CCIA in air seawater samples and gas standards are reported relative to the SIO93 calibration scale Cunnold et al 1994 Concentrations in air and standard gas are reported in units of mole fraction CFC in dry gas and are typically in the parts per trillion ppt range Dissolved CFC and CCI4 concentrations are given in units of picomoles per kg seawater pmol kg 1 CFC and CCI4 concentrations in air and seawater samples were determined by fitting their chromatographic peak areas to multi point calibration curves generated by injecting multiple sample loo
57. meter glass tube packed with the desiccant magnesium perchlorate The sample gases were concentrated on a cold trap consisting of a 1 8 inch OD stainless steel tube with an 7 cm section packed tightly with Porapak N 60 80 mesh To cool the trap isopropanol cooled by a Neslab Cryocool refrigeration system was forced from a reservoir beneath the trap to a level above the R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry packing with a stream of compressed nitrogen After quickly bringing the isopropanol to the top of the trap a low flow of nitrogen was bubbled through the bath to reduce gradients and maintained a temperature of 20 C After 4 minutes of purging the seawater sample the sparging chamber was closed and the trap was held open for an additional 1 minute to allow nitrous oxide N20 to pass through the trap and thereby minimize its interference with CFC 12 The trap was isolated the cold isopropanol in the bath was drained and the trap was heated electrically to 125 C The sample gases held in the trap were then injected onto a precolumn 30 cm of 1 8 inch O D stainless steel tubing packed with 80 100 mesh Porasil C held at 90 C for the initial separation of the CFCs and other rapidly eluting gases from the more slowly eluting compounds The CFCs then passed into the main analytical column 183 cm of 1 8 inch OD stainless steel tubing packed with Carbograph 1AC 80 100 mesh held at 90 C for final separation and into the EC detector for quantifica
58. mpleted a CTD section westward across the deep western boundary current near the Tonga Kermadec Trench Through much of this period winds were light After completing the section across the Tonga Kermadec Trench we steamed eastward to return to the 170 W section By this time the winds had increased to 25 kts from the southeast and the eastward steam was slow We completed an additional trial CTD station firing all bottles at 2500 m to do a blank test for CFC 12 We then continued the 170 W CTD section northward in decreasing winds completed a section across the Samoan passage and then continued the CTD section north along 168 W to the equator Winds remained light to moderate for the rest of the cruise A final test CTD station firing all bottles at 2000 m for a blank test for CFC 12 was completed We then steamed to Samoa docking at Apia at 1000 hours Saturday July 7 2001 Enroute the ship lost power on Wednesday July 4 Because the main UPS did not function many of the instruments in the labs had to be restarted to complete the analyses of samples and the processing of data Bottom Depth One unexpected feature observed on the PDR was a previously uncharted sea mount at about 2 3 36 S 168 45 098 W The sea mount rose from the ocean floor at about 5300 m to 1400 m over a distance of about 10 km The bottom topography data bases derived from satellite altimeter data should be checked to see if this sea mount has been previously identified
59. n in alignment angle 0 6 cm s per m s of ship speed due to say 0 006 uncertainty and variation in scaling factor This gives us say 0 67 cm s error per m s of ship speed or 4 1 cm s at 12 knots Other sources of bias might be the real time and post processing data screening and depth dependent bias 4 2 Bottom track profiles Firstly note that errors in current speed arising from transducer alignment and attitude sensor limitations will substantially cancel out Normally the accuracy of screened bottom track data appears to be of the same accuracy as non SA GPS that is about 2 3 cm s for a 20 minute profile However the error in the current direction is at least the error in alpha 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Hydrology Processing Hydrology Processing Data processing completed by Rebecca Cowley 8 November 2001 1 Summary These notes relate to the production of calibrated hydrology data for the RV Franklin voyage Fr05 2001 Salinity dissolved oxygen and nutrient data was processed 128 deployments were completed of which 128 have valid data 2 Voyage details The following information is taken from Voyage Summary Fr05 2001 2 1 Chief scientist Susan E Wijffels Chief Scientist CSIRO Marine Research GPO Box 1538 Hobart Tasmania 7000 Australia Tel 03 6232 5450 Fax 03 6232 5000 Email Susan Wijffels marine csiro au John A Church Steve R Rintoul Bronte Tilbrook CS
60. nbear Mean Primary Secondary Conductivity P gt 1000 dB R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing There was about 2 0E 04 S m relative drift between the sensors between deployments 20 and 64 The secondary cell failed during deployment 65 and was replaced before deploy ment 88 The relative drift from deployment 88 onwards was 1 0E 04 S m We have no way of telling which sensor was drifting but no drifts of this magnitude are evi dent for the primary sensor data Figure 4 2 0e 04 S m translates to 0 0025 psu at 1 07 deg C which is similar to the measurement precision that we are trying to achieve This sug gests that future versions of procCTD should include a drift component in the calibration The all deployment data results in a calibration of Scale Factor al 1 0003232 w r t M facturer s calibration Offset a0 2 12262E 04 ditto Calibration S D Sal 0 00216 psu This is based on all the samples apart from those excluded by procCTD s Remove Outliers option and a small number of gross outliers that had been manually flagged as bad The above calibration factors were applied to all deployments 3 4 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Calibration 3 4 1 Data Quality The oxygen data generally appears to be of good quality but some problems were experienced which resulted in the sensor being changed several times during the voyage Thomas 2001 MacDonald 2001 Reported Date Deployment a Action 1 33 Sensor
61. nd theta to identify outliers The outliers were flagged as bad with a 4 according to WOCE standards Any results where pressure was missing were flagged with a 4 and any where oxygen and salinity were missing were flagged with a 3 questionable 2008 12 16 Key BTL Submitted NUTs CO2 ALK CFCs He Status public Action Place Online You will get another copy of this file when I submit the CARINA tarball I seriously doubt there will be any differences If there are it will be reflected in the datestamp within the datafile R V Franklin 2001 Data Processing Notes Date Contact Data Action Summary 2009 08 18 Kappa Cruise Report Website Updated New TXT report online New cruise report inludes 1 Original cruise report submitted by PI 2 Data reports available at CSIRO website http www marine csiro au marlin rvdatal htm 3 Data processing notes 2009 08 18 Kappa Cruise Report Website Updated Nutrients report added New cruise reports both text and pdf versions now contain a report on Nutrient data processing and are online
62. need for further work on the calibrations The nutrient profiles look promising but there is some station to station noise in the data and some apparent jumps in deep nutrients Some of the later stations are being rerun because of growth in the auto analyser sample line The station to station noise and the apparent jumps should decrease after the samples have been rerun and corrections from the standard reference material have been applied On the last part of the first leg of the cruise and all of the second leg of the cruise there was a contamination problem with the CFC samples in particular with CFC 12 This was finally tracked down to the eucalyptus oil injected into the air conditioning system It appears that the oil settles on the Niskin bottles in the wet lab and then absorbs CFCs from the air before releasing it into the water samples The CFC signals in the upper part of the water column and in the deep boundary currents are clear but the ability to determine CFC ages may be compromised at least for depths of 1000 db to 4000 db A full report on the CFC data collection and analysis in included as an Appendix The sections clearly show the major features expected the northward penetration of Southern Ocean water masses Sub Antarctic Mode Water Antarctic Intermediate Water Circumpolar Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water and the southward penetration of North Pacific water masses In the deep zonal sections at 17 5 S and across the
63. nga port call 15 jun 2001 15 36 16 Jun 2001 09 06 3 5 Data Quality The accuracy of non differential data from the G12 is sub 5 metres differential correction can increase the accuracy to 1 metre From 22 June 6 Jul there were unexplained gaps in the data of about 3 4 minutes occuring around 0700 utc daily We are continuing to investigate whether this is caused by an incorrect instrument setting or a fault with the instrument Similar gaps were also noted on leg 2 of FR 9 2000 4 Water depth 4 1 Instrument Continuously logged data from the Simrad EA 500 Scientific echo sounder 4 2 Raw Data 4 2 1 vvyydddmss pdr date and time UTC data indicator depth in metres depth below surface 4 2 2 yyyymmdd hhmmss ek5 Sonar data echogram files 4 3 Data Processing Procedures Using pdr files obviously bad depths are rejected Depths are calculated for each whole minute by doing a linear regression through the data points within 30 seconds of each minute and removing any outliers then re fitting until the standard error is acceptable 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing 4 4 Data Coverage start 23 May 2001 21 49 End 07 Jul 2001 18 01 Tonga port call 15 jun 2001 15 36 16 Jun 2001 09 00 The instrument was not working after the port call until 18 Jun 2001 09 50 4 5 Data Quality Standard error less than square root depth x 005 10 ie less than 6 3 me
64. ocessing 4 Errors The data provided should not be taken as absolutely true and accurate There are many sources of error some of which are very hard to quantify Often the largest error is that of determining the ship s actual velocity 4 1 Accuracy of water velocity relative to the ship The theoretical approximate short term velocity error for our 150 KHz narrow band ADCP is sigma 1 pulse length X square root of pings per average For a 3 minute ensemble with say 170 pings using 8 m pulse this gives a theoretical error of 1 cm s for each value that is independently for each bin For 20 minute profiles with say 1150 pings averaged the error in measuring the velocity of the water relative to the ship is probably reduced to the long term systematic bias Of this bias RDI says Internal bias is typically less than 1 cm s depending on several factors including tempera ture mean current speed signal noise ratio beam geometry errors etc It is not yet possible to measure ADCP bias and to calibrate or remove it in post processing In addition there are the transducer alignment and attitude sensor errors which aminly cancel out where bottom track ship velocities are used Section 4 2 on page 8 For GPS ship velocity corrected currents the transducer alignment and attitude sensor errors probably have a residual effect after calibrating of roughly 0 3 cm s per m s of ship speed due to say 0 3 degree uncertainty and variatio
65. ociated wind direction The Vaisala Digital Barometer is mounted 9 metres above sea level inside the bridge TABLE 3 vvyynnnhmm vdb vaisala PA 11 A digital barometer bartometric pressure and the 3 hourly trend 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing 6 2 Raw data 6 2 1 vvyydddhmm metcal calibration and channel option file for Franklin meteorological file 6 2 2 vvyydddhmm met date and time UTC T F to indicate if ship speed and direction data were available 1 minute averages of values for each channel as selected in the metcal file usually air temperature humidity wind speed wind direction licor 1 minute psuedo channels ship speed and heading corrected windspeed and wind direction maximum corrected wind speed and associated wind direction each channel and psuedo channel has a quality indicator 6 2 3 vvyydddhmm vdb Date and time UTC quality flag barometric pressure in mBar three hourly trend quality flags 6 3 Data Processing Procedures Bad data is flagged 5 minute averages are produced and stored in the met data archive 6 4 Data Coverage Start 23 May 2001 21 29 End 07 Jul 2001 18 21 Tonga port call 15 jun 2001 15 36 16 Jun 2001 09 06 6 5 Processed data A rise in air temperature noticed 09 Jun 2001 08 47 09 24 when the vessel was on station and in light winds this may be due to the superstructure heating and or air from the smoke stack wafting over t
66. of range for this cruise was connected up to the Minisat system and worked successfully for the cruise U P S A load test was carried out on the U P S battery bank as the U P S has not been holding up when the ships power failed since the ship left Hobart A piece of timber with three 24volt lamps wired in series was used for the load This load drew 6 5 amps from a well charged battery All batteries produced a similar result with a voltage reading across the battery of approximately 12 4 volts with the load applied except for 2 The battery on the middle shelf at the front on the RHS dropped to about 1 2 volts under load The battery on the top shelf front LHS dropped voltage faster than the others and eventually after 30 or 40 seconds was down to 9 5 volts These batteries will be replaced when the ship gets to Brisbane at the end of Fr06 01 A spare should also be kept on the ship under trickle charge R V Franklin 2001 Appendix A Marine Insturmentation On the 4 7 01 on the return journey the ships engine stopped causing a power blackout The UPS did not hold up as had been the case in May The ships Engineers tell me that on blackout the UPS throws the inverter input from the ships mains to the battery bank but approximately 30 seconds after the blackout that the battery isolation breaker trips as the batteries cannot hold the load on the inverter This should all be checked out again when the batteries are replaced during the 1
67. om the end caps The bow thruster caused some problems as it can drop out when used at 100 power This was not a major problem for this cruise but could lead to losing more time to bad weather on a cruise where the weather was generally worse The Franklin should have a second MATLAB licence This software is used extensively for user analysis functions and is now also used heavily by ORV personnel for processing of data The single licence leads to inefficiency in processing and analysing of cruise results On all of the deep CTD casts wire tension was very high This necessitated hauling of the deep portion of casts at speeds as low as 20 m minute to stay within recommended working tensions of the wire Similarly winch speeds were low at the start of the casts when lowering the CTD in moderate and rough weather This is a result of not being able to put enough weight on the rosette package so as not to load the wire excessively during the deep portion of the casts to make it sink more rapidly If winch speeds could be kept at 60 m minute then the order of two days of ship time could have been saved lt is recommended that as soon as an opportunity arises that a thicker wire should be used This would have the advantages of increasing the safety margin saving ship time and increasing the payload thus expanding the National Facility s capability by allowing additional instrumentation to be placed on the CTD package Personnel Scientific part
68. position derived GPS velocities No reference layer averaging in final integration fr0105 3dfany 3095 20 minute profiles fr0105 3df 60 any 1037 60 minute profiles Bottom track corrected no reference layer averaging in final integration 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 ADCP processing fr0105_3df abt 7 20 minute profilesNon integrated profiles 3 minute ensembles e f0105 3dfany 20634 3 minute profiles All possible ensembles with best available correction bottom track preferred to direct GPS velocities preferred to position derived GPS velocities GPS corrected direct GPS ship velocities preferred to position derived GPS velocities the following agp files were integrated using reference layer averaging over bins 2 to 8 then mergedwith files which were integrated using no reference layer averaging fr0105_3df agp 3095 20 minute profiles fr0105 3df 60 agp 1037 60 minute profiles 2 3 2 Gyrocompass heading used Best available correction bottom track preferred to direct GPS ship velocities preferred toposition derived GPS velocities No reference layer averaging in final integration fr0105 any 3098 20 minute profiles fr0105_60 any 1038 60 minute profiles Bottom track corrected no reference layer averaging in final integration fr0105 abt 7 20 minute profiles Non integrated profiles 3 minute ensembles e f0105 any 20630 3 minute profiles All possible ensembles with best availa
69. ps of gas from a working standard PMEL cylinder 33790 for CFC 11 CFC 12 and CFC 113 PMEL cylinder 33780 for CCI4 into the analytical instrument The concentrations of CFC 11 and CFC 12 in this working standard were calibrated before and after the cruise versus a primary standard 36743 Bullister 1984 No measurable drift in the concentrations of CFC 11 and CFC 12 in the working standard could be detected during this interval Full range calibration curves were run at intervals of 3 days during the cruise Single injections of a fixed volume of standard gas at one atmosphere were run at intervals of 1 to 2 hours to monitor short term changes in detector sensitivity R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry Extremely low 0 01 pmol kg 1 CFC concentrations were measured in water between 2000 and 3000 meters at the Northern end of the section between 15 S and 45 S along this section Based on the median of CFC concentration measurements at these depths which is believed to be nearly CFC free blank corrections will be applied to the data set If the measured CFC concentration for a sample is very low subtracting a blank can result in a very small negative number reported Blank corrections will be applied to the CCIA data if necessary On this expedition we estimate precision 1 standard deviation of 1 2 or 0 005 pmol kg 1 whichever is greater for dissolved CFC 11 296 or 0 005 pmol kg 1 whichever is greater for dissolved CFC 12 measurement
70. red duringDeep Ocean Time Series Sections DOTSS These data need to be put online 2005 01 04 Key CO2 DQE Begun will provide per S Wijffels OK Kozyr and I are currently working on a SR03 2001 Franklin cruise The files include CFCs and carbon as well as the routine stuff I ve contacted Susan Wijffels to try to clean up a few questions on flag values for the routine measurements and to make sure iit is OK to submit the results to you 2005 01 04 Key BTL DQE Begun will submit per S Wijffels OK Kozyr and I are currently working on a SRO3 2001 Franklin cruise The files include CFCs and carbon as well as the routine stuff I ve contacted Susan Wijffels to try to clean up a few questions on flag values for the routine measurements and to make sure iit is OK to submit the results to you 2007 01 10 Wijffels BTL Data Update Date correction The date should be 2000 9 27 23 53 15 That is 2000 09 27 23 53GMT add 12 hours to your date I ve attached the julian gregorian m files we use The other values look correct I ve attached ascii versions of the hydrology data which should be pretty easy to figure out for checking date and location translations I ve also attached pdf s of the hydrology data processing Please add a caveat if possible that the nutrient data are suspect on both cruises bottle salts and oxygens are good I ll send the CTD data processing reports along in another email 2007 01 10 Wijffels Cruise Report
71. s F 113 and CCIA precision is yet to be determined as there was F113 contamination for most of the cruise A number of water samples had clearly anomalous concentrations relative to adjacent samples for one or more of the trace gases These anomalous samples appeared to occur more or less randomly during the cruise although more frequently for F12 and F 113 and were not clearly associated with other features in the water column e g elevated oxygen concentrations salinity or temperature features etc This suggests that the high values were due to individual isolated low to moderate level CFC contamination events The source of the contamination was eventually tracked down to eucalyptus oil that is regularly injected into the ships air conditioning unit It appears that some of the oil was collecting on the bottles and absorbing CFCs Measured concentrations for all samples will be included in subsequent reports but those showing contamination will be given a quality flag of either 3 questionable measurement or 4 bad measurement R V Franklin 2001 Appendix A Marine Insturmentation APPENDIX A Marine Insturmentation Lindsay MacDonald CTD The Seabird 911 CTD 20 itself performed very reliably throughout this leg of the cruise however some problems were encountered with some of the sensors Conductivity Sensors The secondary conductivity sensor had failed on the final cast of the first leg I
72. surface temperature and sea surface salinity air temperature wind speed and direction humidity barometric pressure solar radiation corrected wind speed and wind direction ship direction and speed and gust All times in this report are UTC A data format guide can be found at http www marine csiro au datacentre process formats uwy htm 3 Position 3 1 Instrument Ashtech G12 sensor installed on Franklin July 2000 3 2 Raw Data 3 2 1 vvyydddmss gpoc files 5 byte records of integer values of time in integer seconds since 1970 nb whole seconds ie per second latitude and longitude in signed microdegreessigned u and v components of velocity in mm s 3 2 2 vvyydddmss gpo files A date and time string gps date and time and system date and time at the start of each hourly file full resolution NMEA VTG and GGA strings 5 per each second 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing 3 3 Data Processing Procedures 3 3 1 gpoc files One minute position values have been decided using the gpoc files these are loaded into the navigation archive and available in the underway data set 3 3 2 gpo files 10 second position data has been extracted from the NMEA GGA string This is available in netcdf format and was used for correcting positions in CTD processing this data will be added to the Data Warehouse 3 4 Data Coverage Start 23 May 2001 21 31 End 07 Jul 2001 14 17 To
73. t Data Action Summary 2004 10 29 Kozy CO2 DQE Begun I have a file with all hydrographic CFCs and Carbon data from P15S section from Australian scientists I have put SR3 sign for this section instead and could not understand why I cannot find P15S I have also a cruise report Do you have all hydrographic data for this section and non of the carbon related and CFC measurements I will make all necessary QA QC work as usual and reformat these data to WHPO format and send the file to Steve 2004 12 10 Kozyr CFCs Submitted exchange file includes all parameters I received the hydrographic and CO2 measurements from Susan E Wijffels CSIRO made all QA QC and sent the data to CCHDO on 12 10 2004 From KOZYR ALEX Email address kozyra gjornl gov Institution CDIAC ORNL Country USA The file fr0501 woce exchange cfc txt 827435 bytes has been saved as 20041210 131553 KOZYR PI15S SRO03 fr0501 woce exchange cfc txt in the directory 20041210 131553 KOZYR PI15S SR03 The data disposition is Public The bottle file has the following parameters SALNTY SALNTY FLAG W CTDOXY CTDOXY FLAG W OXYGEN OXYGEN FLAG W SILCAT SILCAT FLAG W NITRAT NITRAT FLAG W PHSPHT PHSPHT FLAG W CFC 11 CFC 11 FLAG W CFC 12 CFC 12 FLAG W CFC113 CFC113 FLAG W CCL4 CCL4 FLAG W TCARBN TCARBN FLAG W ALKALI ALKALI FLAG W The file format is WHP Exchange The archive type is NONE Individual File The data type s is Bottle Dat
74. t had cracked at pressure and no longer tracked the primary cell which agreed with the bottle data It was swapped with serial 042234 from the spare CTD 19 However when this cast was plotted the following day it was found that this cell had tracked the primary to 1000m and then started producing spurious data and eventually no output The remaining sensor 042235 from the spare CTD was swapped for this unit It worked perfectly for the remainder of the cruise D O Sensor There seemed to be the occasional voltage jumps or steps displaying in the dissolved oxygen sensor early in leg2 This sensor along with its electronics package had been swapped from the spare unit on leg 1 of this cruise R V Franklin 2001 Appendix A Marine Insturmentation Data from the altimeter which uses another of the analogue input channels on the CTD were checked on the same casts as the problem oxygen data but no correlation was found The D O data plot then seemed to settle down On 29 6 01 the D O sensor showed very unstable readings The D O sensor was removed from its package and swapped with that on the spare CTD It had been used on leg 1 prior to the swap New oil and O rings were used The D O output then gave good stable readings which seemed to follow that of the WOCE cruise data a few years prior to this cruise Bottle Firing Failures Bottle 18 failed several times It was thought that there maybe some foreign matter lodged in the mech
75. t itn I i i j 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run R V Franklin 2001 5 x10 16r 14 fles WE pg TED tetet oye t 10 oF ELM Peak height 6L tet dier a efe thee oe 2L p eth tene mense 2 Calibration peak heights after blank RI correction silicate 353 first set second set i MS x 1 ut tegt E pt EA ae i acides n ag ue MA e ns Tagotot tet n se t MEZIO t 1 E E 480 Fe sygted attente ttoegt do dor tipos si deest 8 el ee etos amp at S Ha ts Sienie riie fuent 1 1 t ete Tote OT SSRNJ EGO a efe eben gontsd arge ette es Er ir ds unten PTS Oe KM 53 sepes Soe n t ott 0 6 Qe ttiturete PULLUM T ems ee toros Porto Porro to t ME ot tet 1 teste e seters corner ete tthteeenen ure sorgens Ig e seters em estes rtt rte ttn siete rgeto gte tessecesosreres e4eeseosoo seo steoeriettocses 20 40 60 80 Run Corrections to Nitrate nitrite data 100 120 Hydrochemistry 140 1 Use an average refractive index and blank value In place of the actual refractive index and blank values for each run an average value from all the runs was calculated and used in the peak height correction for each run This made some improvement in the precision of the results between runs R V Franklin 2001 Refractive Index and blank values for each run
76. the new power supply was put together This rectified the problem and the sounder was back in business The problem was traced to an open circuit power resistor Some replacements for this have been ordered from Hobart to repair the spare card on Fr06 01 Unfortunately on the 30 6 01 the EA500 Video display stopped working There appeared to be no EHT voltage There are no circuits provided with this monitor and no parts kept on board which could possibly fix the problem An old NEC Multisync monitor was found in a box in the laundry store and connected to the EA500 output It produced a very poor display of the video output but sufficient to see the bottom and change settings This only lasted about 1 hour before completely losing sync vertical height and illumination A spare NEC multisync from Hobart will be used for Fr06 and the EA500 monitor hopefully repaired between Fr06 and 07 Satellite Communications On the first day of leg 2 there were problems using email on both Inmarsat B and Minisat M The former reported a busy signal on every attempt for the first few days The Minisat could be used for voice communication but not data Resetting the annex port for the Minisat however rectified this problem After approximately 4 days the Inmarsat B system began working again The problem was most likely with ship based equipment The fax machine however would not work on this system The fax machine for the Optus mobilesat system which was out
77. tinuation tapes The backup scripts now return the time of completion so we know how long they took Early in the voyage we engaged in email correspondence with Jeff Dunn amp Bernie re the quality of the ADCP data Jeff suspected that the pitch amp roll corrections were being applied incorrectly We did not pursue the matter any further as we presume that Jeff will be investigating the problem 1 3 CTD data collection and processing This took up a large part of my time during the voyage 1 There were two failures of the secondary Seabird conductivity sensors during the voyage On both occasions the failures were detected using procCTD plots The replacement sensor has been very reliable tracking to within 0 0011 0 0021 S m of the primary sensor for the remainder of the voy age The calibration of the secondary conductivity sensor was modified in the readCrw configuration file each time the sensor was changed It would be useful if the configuration editor had a cut and paste facility to copy a calibration from one configuration file to another Gary Carol s CTD notes were converted to Frame amp updated to reflect our current procedures The procCTD manual was updated Several minor modifications were made to procCTD The head room in procCTDGetBurstData was increased from 2 to 6 minutes after it com plained that there was no data for 10 of the 24 bottles on a deep test station The CTD had drifted deep
78. tion The analysis of carbon tetrachloride was made on a separate but nearly identical apparatus to the electron capture gas chromatography system used in the analysis of CFC 11 CFC 12 and CFC 113 Bullister and Weiss 1988 Samples were drawn in the same type of syringes used for the CFC analysis In the CCI4 system the sample injection port was flushed with 30 40 ml of sample before injecting sample into a calibrated loop 30 ml After filling an additional 30 ml of water was pushed through the loop and allowed to overflow For analysis a valve was switched and the water sample held in the loop was pushed into the stripper with the same CCI4 free nitrogen that was used to strip the sample The gases removed from the sample were dried while passing through an 18 cm x 3 8 inch OD tube of magnesium perchlorate and concentrated on a trap packed with four inches of Porapak N and held at 30 C during trapping At the conclusion of stripping the trap was heated electrically and the contents swept onto the precolumn 0 53mm I D x 30 meters DB624 capillary column 45 C with clean nitrogen The desired gases passed on to the main analytical column 0 53mm I D x 30 meters DB624 capillary column 45 C before the precolumn vented the later peaks All other aspects of the analysis were the same as the CFC analysis Both of the analytical systems were calibrated frequently using a standard gas of known CFC composition Gas sample loops of known volu
79. to the WMO molar scale and were prepared and calibrated by Dr P Steele CSIRO Atmospheric Research Melbourne During leg 1 the underway seawater line does not appear to have been flushed sufficiently rapidly resulting in warming of about 1 C between the seawater intake and equilibrator The large warming and the low flushing rates through the water lines are likely to result in poor fCO2 data quality for leg 1 The flushing problem was corrected but not eliminated on leg 2 and the data quality for this leg is expected to have improved Cruise Narrative Leg 1 We left Wellington at 0915 on Thursday the 24th of May 2001 and started heading South East as soon as we were clear of the harbour The first station a bottle test station was done on the afternoon of the 25th of May at 44 26 S 179 57 E We then proceeded to the first station on the WOCE P15 section at 49 30 S 170 00 W We reached this station in the early afternoon of the 27th of May We had had moderate following conditions all the way from Wellington As we approached this station the weather obligingly swung around to the South giving us moderate following conditions for the first part of the section When we reached the station at 45 57 S it seemed that our luck with the weather had run out the station had to be abandoned with the CTD at 4 000 metres due to rapidly worsening conditions Once conditions improved we were able to start work again having lost about 12 hours
80. tres in water 6000 metres deep or less than 3 2 metres in water 100 metres deep The sound speed is set to 1500 m s and no corrections are made for true sound speed The sounder incorrectly computed the bottom due to the maximum or minimum ranges being incorrectly set on several occasions so there is no data for these times 15 Jun 2001 03 58 07 40 20 Jun 2001 05 21 06 50 24 Jun 2001 09 43 10 11 Because of increased bow thruster activity on stations 6 9 and 10 the bottom could not be correctly determined and this data has been deleleted There was no echogram data for 5 Jul 2001 00 10 07 34 and 7 Jul 2001 03 46 18 01 So these data could not be verified against plots 5 Sea surface temperature and salinity 5 1 Instrument Seabird thermosalinograph 5 20 Raw data One minute averages date and time UTC quality indicator mean temperature at the inlet mean temperature at the probe mean conductivity mean salinity turner fluorometer outputs 2 and spare channels 2 number of samples for the current minute 5 3 Data Processing Procedures Surface values of sea temperature and salinity for each CTD station are compared with the thermosalinograph values An offset is then applied to the sea surface temperature and salinity 23 November 2001 OCSIRO Marine Research R V Franklin 2001 Underway Data Processing 5 4 Data Coverage TABLE 1 Data rejected start end temperature time time salinity or both 23 May 22 04 22 15 29
81. two or more deployment groups I consider this to be justified as 1 There is no obvious deployment grouping in the in the plot of calibrated CTD Bottle conductivity Figure 4 R V Franklin 2001 CTD Processing x 103 _A gt z 7 gt 7T7 gt 0 5 ka Sun a CTD Bottle Conductivity Sim ls j v Preis uf eh sen 2 Been A L L L o Deployment Figure 4 Callibrated CTD Bottle Conductivity Note There is a suggestion that there is slightly greater scatter in the data for deployment 67 onwards This can also be seen if these deployment groups are calibrated separately The pre 67 Leg 1 deployments give a calibration fit standard deviation SD of 0 00179 psu and the post 67 Leg 2 group an SD of 0 00245 psu The cause of this effect is not known but it is presumably due to a difference in the sampling or analytical procedures used on the two legs of the voyage 2 The plot of uncalibrated Primary Secondary conductivity for pressures gt 1000 dB Figure 5 confirms that there were no major shifts in the calibration during the voyage E x du E NM 3 sa i LE 1 E 05 ET L1 E zl E a a 1 o EC 1 4 a i 1 3 j 1 3 j B4 5 15 4 E 1 amp A ERE INNEN RN SNR i a D BD 15 13 Figure 5 Deployment Mir
82. u s E i T e 3t e f 10 e t a isl s 5 4 8 E oe Y E Sd ul gt E Wa is at P 1 Pe e gt es em bs Besos as 2 y 8 st ae E We we ves v A RC ie Ware n ow 4 E ni Was gt 4 18 lw A A v cU M a Te E A 7 1 ds LBS UN AE a SS eo y E Sie A 5 1 to n amp Cx 1 H ts tf e gt E ca ono a x a wi wifi E E SP oo n 2 t a MT eara OO vl te e x cvv g 4t 4 te Ke Do im H e u gs 4 i i tat 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Run SRM results after inclusion of average RI and blank values then calibration with the closest calibrant Error in SRM values from expected silicate 18 T T Low SRM High SRM 16 T4 i j 1 i i p A gt 10 us ost E 4 s s x Y 3 ui i fee k u ex a E s x LE o w E ig J E A ee o tosta se icf mor di d sy t s ot oe a E an ARS i 4 4 s NES poe auc E T i e A ar T fae EZ yy m ET y te ate eee S te o tos M i oe pe s s ee s de 2 E 6 1 go pO s Pace Daje A pis se we oo M
83. uring 2001 The nutrient data from the voyage was known to have large errors associated with it particularly with nitrate and phosphate The data has been reviewed and re processed comparing it to the DISCO 1996 voyage along the same section This report discusses the reprocessing method and results All final results are reported in umol kg Nitrate concentrations refer to nitrate nitrite Procedure 1 Re calculate concentrations From about run 40 to near the end of the voyage it was clear there was an issue with the Alpkem in both the nitrate and phosphate channels It was discovered at the end of the voyage that there was a growth in both flow cells This resulted in depressed peak heights see figures below first set second set refers to the first and second set of calibrants in each run The re calibration method uses the f values for each level of calibrant and the sample results were calculated based on the f values from the next highest calibrant 2 Final plots to flag outliers The final results were plotted against ctd pressure and theta to identify outliers The outliers were flagged as bad with a 4 according to WOCE standards Any results where pressure was missing were flagged with a 4 and any where oxygen and salinity were missing were flagged with a 3 questionable R V Franklin 2001 6 x 10 Hydrochemistry Calibration peak heights after blank RI correction nitrate
84. was cleaned out and all the duplicate samples are being run The two results will be compared back in Hobart and a final data set prepared There was very little drift in any channel A cooling coil was placed into the Phosphate line which has stabilised the chemistry so there is no drift with lab temperature changes The cadmium is now stored under Nitrogen gas as it is thought that storage in the air in the lab deteriorated the cadmium One of the lengths of Cadmium gave poor columns with a lot of trouble getting a regular bubble flow out of the 3 coils made from it On a whole the system is running very well R V Franklin 2001 Hydrochemistry DISSOLVED OXYGEN The dissolved oxygen system performed very well with good quality data being achieved An incorrect determination of the bi iodate normality was made 0 0091150N and this was used for stations 76 92 The correct normality was determined as being 0 0100015N The dissolved oxygen for these stations in the hydro program micromoles per litre were all multiplied by 0 0100015 0 0091150 to correct the effected oxygen data SALINITY Salinometer 62 021 was used for all of leg B set at a bath temperature of 24 and was found to be extremely reliable and stable for the whole voyage Due to some overfilling of the bottles on some casts it was quite difficult to obtain any consistent readings for some samples due to the inability to fully shake and mix the sample prior to analysis
85. y final offset plot 3 2 1 Data Quality Results in the first leg deployments 1 to 65 have less scatter than the second leg This may be due to several factors or a combination of them e Most of the scatter in figure 1 is in the top 200m of the deployments and may indicate a different water structure in the surface layers of the second leg compared to the first leg e Different analysts and samplers e Different climatic conditions 3 3 Dissolved oxygen Only one data point was deleted from the dataset deployment 40 rosette position 11 bottle 1264 as the result appeared incorrect and was marked as a possible leaker in the CTD sheets The corresponding nutrient and salinity results for this sample were not deleted as they appeared to be acceptable The results for station 40 were added to the dataset post voyage and an edited oxygen file f0105040a scp was saved with the original oxygen files 3 3 1 Data Quality The dissolved oxygen data quality for this voyage is good 3 4 Nutrients All nutrient results were retained R V Franklin 2001 Hydrology Processing 3 4 1 Data Quality Generally the data appears to be of good quality however there is no quality control report available for this voyage as yet 4 Other Niskin bottle numbers were altered from the 4 digit number to a three digit number for archiving purposes The bottle numbers originally ranged from 1000 to 1400 and were a mixture of NOAA and CSIRO bottles

CRUISE REPORT P15S A. HIGHLIGHTS

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