Digital Atlas User Manual - dPanther
Contents
1. 13 Sample Analysis Case Studies nece ie ceca onec e cu bre tee Dau eeu eed Deque 13 Coastal flooding vulnerability from Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge sessseeeneneree 13 River flow analysis and COMPALISON ccccccesssssssececececseseneaeeececesseseeaeaeeeeecesseseeaeeeeeeesesseseaaeeeeseeseeegs 17 Basic Water Balance Spatial assessment of rainfall ET and runoff cccccccccsssceceesseeeeeesseeeeeesseeeeeees Evapotranspiration analysis with land vegetation cover cccccccsessssssccececessesecaeeeeecesessesssaeeeeeesseesees 17 Borewells aquifers and fault zones ccceessecesssneceeseeeeceesseaeceeseaaeeecseaaecesseaaeceeseaaeceeseaaeceseeaaeeeeseaaes 17 Digital Atlas User Manual 1 Objectives of the Digital Atlas The atlas is intended as a gateway to information about the Wami Ruvu and Coastal river basins administratively known as the Wami Ruvu Basin from the perspective of water resource management The geophysical setting of the basin land cover the various water resources and the linkages of water with human activities and the ecosystem are geospatially presented The Atlas has a built in library of information about the Wami Ruvu Basin The information in the Digital Atlas is presented in the form of user selectable and clickable map layers data analyses and interpretation as well as links to reports publications and webs2. changing the language Environment physical and ecological features monitoring stations Infrastructure Society amp Economy and Library for published articles The left panel lists layers in a map theme as well as an Information tab for the map theme These layers can be clicked on or off to display in the right hand side ma panel The submenu for each layer allows the user to customize the appearance of each layer on the map to look at the underlying data in the attribute table to S Firmum ER i display statistics plots filter data and access information for that layer The map panel also has its own menu bar that displays information on clicking specific features such as monitoring stations s e controls to zoom a an The coordinate system The user can change colour symbols size projection and scale of a map are given at the bottom i and filter data for each layer to create custom maps that can be saved as images 1 1 1 Features of a thematic map Choosing a map opens a window has a LEFT and a RIGHT panel with a divider that can be moved to increase or decrease the size of each panel The LEFT panel is the map legend interpretation and information panel It has two tabs legend and info In the legend one can turn layers off and on by clicking on the eye Digital Atlas User Manual Clicking the info tab brings descriptive information about the thematic map
3. Forest reserves and national parks these are the areas with the lowest human impact deforestation mining agriculture roadbuilding etc and hence are expected to have the best water quality in streams and rivers Biomonitoring of water quality in streams based upon the diversity of aquatic macroinvertebrates requires knowledge of the invertebrate diversity in pristine free flowing streams as a reference or control to which other streams are compared and the condition evaluated These are also the areas that provide habitat to wildlife and plants in different degrees of protection human disturbance In addition croplands with trees also provide varying degrees of habitat to a subset of the species of birds small mammals reptiles amphibians and insects However shrinking and fragmentation of forest cover and increasing distance between wildlands and croplands suggests the likely loss of all species except generalists that can survive in disturbed habitats This section includes maps of known sightings in the WR basin taken from reports that are included in the Literature section of this Atlas Source various Forest Cover Change these maps are based upon classification of Landsat satellite images of the WR Basin over 2000 2012 by Hansen et al 2013 and displayed using Google Earth Engine The forest cover change layer shows the forest cover in the year 2000 in green forest increase in blue and forest loss in red The second map
4. Global Water for Sustainability SRAM A USAID User Guide 2014 Water Resources Digital Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu River basins Tanzania Digital ATLASi What the ATLASi is of the Wami and Ruvu RiverBasin Tanzania A geospatial Information gateway on all sectors connected with water resources Climate and monitoring stations surface water features water infrastructure water use forests biodiversity geology administration transport settlements population demography vulnerability Features at a glance MNointernet connection necessary to run Atlas Atlas can be installed on any operating system as a self contained set of vector raster data and Java environment files This set of folders is portable and can be transferred using a CD external memory or stored on the web Atlas has been created using GeoPublisher an Open Source Atlas creation software www geopublisher org 2014 YO M Data for the Atlas has been obtained from WRBWO Tanzania iWASH program Sustainability JICA NASA MODIS ClimateWizard GooglEarth Engine Global Water for Sustainability Program as EN and other sources Florida International University fem USAID 3000 NE 151 Street Miami FL 33181 USA AJ e Information displayed as layers whose display and combination can be adjusted by the user to create custom maps that can be saved in image format Ability to ZOOM in a map access informati
5. V automatic preview Update preview 3 wv las eo E 35 30 E 36 o0 E 36 30 E 137 0 E 137 30 E 38 00 E 38730 E 39 00 E 39 30 E lai Em WEN 100km Map shown in WGS 1984 UTM Zone 37S Mouse coordinate 487 120 5 9 334 465 0 Digital Atlas User Manual On the right side Define value ranges to be painted in different colors choose a color scheme as desired Click on Classify method Manual and decide how many classes are needed usually 5 10 are adequate Then click on each elevation class decide upon a color and adjust the text for the legend label One can put red for the elevation range closest to sea level to easily identify the most vulnerable zones 4 2 River flow analysis and comparison Clicking flow stations hydrological monitoring stations on the map with the I button crosshair cursor will bring up the plots of the monthly river discharges averaged from 1950s to 2012 WRBWO data This allows comparison of the seasonal magnitudes of flow in different tributaries of the Wami and Ruvu river systems 4 3 Evapotranspiration analysis with land vegetation cover Examining the evapotranspiration map indicates the highest annual ET occurring in the EA mountains This is correlated with high incident rainfall and forest cover One can switch between ET and land cover maps at the same spatial resolution to observe the connection between land cover and ET 4 4 Borewells aquifers and fault zones A map
6. Wami river and 5 sites on the Ruvu not shown presently These six sites were chosen from the headwaters to close to the estuarine end and hence represent different stages of the river One can select either the aquatic invertebrate or the fish layer from the left side panel under LEGEND then click on on the upper right information navigate to a station and click on that to get information on the invertebrate families orders or fish species observed at that site Additional stream habitat whether pools and riffles is also presented There is a paucity of data in general and hence the Atlas presents whatever data that is available d kS High wildlife diversity in an area suggests the existence of good quality habitat Hence such areas can provide locations for sampling water quality in relatively un impacted pristine watersheds for both chemical parameters as well as aquatic macroinvertebrate based biomonitoring 3 5 Climate Precipitation mean annual rainfall for the WR Basin is presented in an isohet form with legend showing the rainfall range of each zone The highest annual rainfall is seen to occur in the Eastern Arcs mountains almost upto 2400 mm Next is the coast region The lowest rainfall is seen over the semi arid western WR basin The layer of Individual rainfall stations can be turned off and on while selecting the information button and positioning the cursor over a rainfall station and clicking brings up
7. a window with additional information of that station Source IRLC GIS Unit Digital Atlas User Manual Temperature maps present annual and quarterly seasonal temperature predictions for the WR basin by an ensemble of 16 General Circulation Models or Global Climate Models run at the SRES A2 high greenhouse gas emission scenario and downscaled to a 50km grid more information in www climatewizard org as well as in the Climate Change Vulnerability report included in the Literature section of the Atlas KSA Weather and hydrology monitoring stations this thematic map contains individual layers for weather rainfall hydrology river stage flow and water quality stations In addition sampling points for a stable isotope study are also shown Just like other maps layers can be turned on and off to avoid overcrowded map displays while selecting the information button and clicking on individual stations can yield more information relevant to that station Looking at the locations of stations can suggest locations for more stations to yield a spatially homogenous collection of data for both rainfall and river level Source WRBWO Evapotranspiration and land cover evapotranspiration ET is a very large and significant part of the water budget in a watershed ET is driven by primarily net solar radiation and the availability of water while othger meteoriological factors such as relative humidity air temperature and windspeed
8. file and the Terrain Slope file 90Mb 2 2 Launchingthe Atlas On a Windows PC open DISK folder and click on atlas exe file this also has an icon associated The icon can be saved on the desktop for easy access On a Macintosh inside the DISK folder navigate to the folder atlas data and click on atlas resources jar Digital Atlas User Manual Clicking will launch the Atlas with the message caching codes may take a minute A pop up screen appears that has general introductory detail on the Atlas Close that by clicking x on the upper right 2 3 Exploring the Atlas 2 3 1 Selecting a thematic map The user can select thematic maps from the menu bar on the top maps have been grouped as physical environment biodiversity climate water resources infrastructure society literature and help In addition there are pdf reports also included in the atlas which can be accessed from the menu tab literature These can also be accessed from many of the maps through internal links Thematic maps are grouped under Environment Infrastructure Society and Economy omm d DD Se ETS A list of releva sistant ewan A A PEA ATA Rivers and m B B49G0R88 Sam Under Library The Atlas has a very intuitive Graphical User Interface whose features are Ss explained in detailin the User Manual r The main menu consists of the sub menus File for saving screenshots of maps
9. including links to pdfs in the atlas library as well as web resources Layers also have their own information available by clicking on the layer bar The RIGHT panel is the map panel The toolbar on top has controls to zoom in and out to pan and navigate on the map as well as an information icon To look at information related to a particular map feature such as a graph of river discharge at a hydrological monitoring station clicking I on the right side map panel changes the cursor into crosshairs One can then click on any feature on the map such as a river or station or district for added information that pops up as a table Some of the layers such as village streets have a whole lot of other information associated with those streets such as census data male female total number employed age distribution etc There are different ways to display them on a map and the user can then right click on the layer bar choose STYLE and then choose different ways to display the data from the menu Digital Atlas version 1 0 layout File Environment Literature Infrastructure Society and Economy Help Leg AIA IA A test f Geology and Soils of the Wami and Ruvu basins 0 LaS F Search I CEU S i population demographics Topography Dreinage basin and sub basin boundaries DUE Pasce erben i A eA W LGAs Ecology N 1 A amp i wor Weather and Medic monitoring x 5 bor
10. scheme is green yellow orange red along an increasing gradient of slope steepness with slopes 45 degrees shown in red Steep slopes are more susceptible to soil erosion The slope map identifies the regions in the basin with steeper slopes that can then be analyzed for soil erosion potential based upon the land cover rainfall and soil type High rainfall together with low forest cover fragmented forests thin forest canopy forest cleared for agriculture can result in high soil erosion These regions thus identified can be targeted for soil conservation measures 4 oo RIR R A Search 37 30 E 37 S0 E 142 00 209 00 76 00 Map shown in EPSG WGS 84 Mouse coordinate 37 Geology and Soils the geology layer provides information on the dominant geology of the basin This information is also used to determine aquifer characteristics For example the Dodoma region overlies granitic rock with very little porosity indicating low aquifer capacity However the presence of geological faults in the region suggests higher groundwater yield and lateral flow The soils map indicates the dominant soil types The city town layer has been added to provide a spatial location reference this layer can be turned on and off Source Japan International Cooperation Agency JICA gt Digital Atlas User Manual Surface Water Features this thematic map features rivers wetlands lake
11. also play a role Finally the type of vegetation crop types tree species also adds a high degree of variation in ET fluxes This map shows ET estimates obtained by the MODIS project that are satellite borne estimates that have been compared with eddy flux measurements across a variety of eddy covariance tower stations A graduated scale in green is used to display ET magnitudes Data here refer to actual ET and not potential ET hence the semi arid Dodoma region shows lower ET than the Eastern Arcs mountains owing to high water limitation in the semi arid regions However if irrigation using groundwater increases in the region so will the water availability and hence ET will be expected to increase Also included here is a land use layer that can be overlaid with the ET layer Source www modis org for ET dataset and JICA for Land Use Map 3 6 Water resources Surface water features This map contains the river drainage and major wetlands in the Basin Other elements include hydrological monitoring stations stage and discharge in some cases perennial amp seasonal rivers topographic elevation towns subcatchment and administrative jurisdiction boundaries Digital Atlas User Manual Hydrogeology This thematic map includes information on the various aquifer types and fault structures as well as groundwater level SWL and quality in the network of sampling wells maintained by WRBWO Water user permits this thematic map shows t
12. and geospatial information 3 1 Atlas Menu structure On launching the Digital Atlas the main menu top lists the following menu options File VVVVVVV VV Help 3 2 File Landscape Ecosystem Climate Water Resources Public Health Administration Demographics Literature This menu option has the following sub menu options gt e o oe kS Save screenshot save the map displayed on the screen in three ways with legend and coordinates with coordinates and just the map Saved as a png file Portable Network Graphics that is an image format compatible with all programs and operating systems The saved image can be used in reports publications and presentations Change language the Atlas has the capability to display information in several languages However at this time all information is in English only Kiswahili can be added in the future if desired Open popup window basic information including contact information for the Atlas Open terms of use window Exit to close the Digital Atlas Application 3 3 Landscape Physical Features gt KSA Topography and Terrain Slope this thematic map displays the topography of the WR Basin as generated from the 30m ASTER Digital Elevation Model DEM the most current DEM available as of 2014 Seven tiles have been mosaicked to generate the coverage over the basin The DEM file is large 7375 Mb and hence can take some time to open Horizo
13. basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help wrmosaic L tif cues Info c7 09 ANNAR r i 4 30 S_ AtlasStyler wrmosaic1 tif Usage mode easy _ expert type Add new Duplicate Remove gdal AJY Kwanyange Mbwewe Sadani Select a RuleList from the left or add a new RuleList Mandera Mkadini Mindu Tulieni Bagamoyo a Yombo Ubenazomozi Kidugallo Eu ilubwida Mzenga Kibwegere Dar Es Salaam indu Saungubweni Msanga M automatic preview Update preview 135 og E 135 30 E 36 00 E 36 30 E 37 00 E 37 30 E 38 00 E 38 30 E 139 00 E 39 30 E lai Em NEN 100km Click on Add new Map shown in WGS 1984 UTM Zone 37S Mouse coordinate 102 492 9 9 506 944 0 Digital Atlas User Manual 4 Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help cam Info wrmosaic1 tif i A L eoo Add styling to null R Search You are styling a raster dataset Choose a method to visualize your data Explicit color per value ro Colors for value ranges Kwanyange Mbwewe Sadani Mandera Mkadini Mindu Tulieni Bagamoyo Kiwisa Yombo Ubenazomozi a Kidugallo Soga Dar Es Salaam julubwida Mze up Vikindu Kibwegere vuha Saungu
14. bweni Msanga jd Add new Duplicate Remove gdal A v1 a V automatic preview Update preview 8 00 S 13s ee E 35 30 E 36 00 E 36 30 E 137 00 E 137 30 E 38 00 E 38 30 E 39 00 E 39 30 E lai EM a 100km Map shown in WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_37S Mouse coordinate 102 492 9 9 506 944 0 Select Colors for Value Ranges eoo Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help TECE Info P r AtlasStyler wrmosaic1 tif wrmosaicl tif LJ Define value ranges to be painted in different colors Usage mode easy expert Set colors and opacity for all Classify Towns mm NEN 5 Apply Band 1 wa type Z Opacity LO Apply Kz major town V Colors for value ranges other town Color Opacity Limits Label gt Add new Duplicate Remove gdal A N per E ikir V automatic preview Update preview L v Wea SS Tues Kisa akawa Under Define value ranges to be painted in different colors Select a color scheme and opacity level The Opacity level allows other layers such as towns for reference to be seen in a layer Digital Atlas User Manual Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas o
15. escaareatevsuvasddenesttdceauaasteetesasdectibasecegactaleataascdiedeabadevaee 9 COME LANG Fool TEE 9 3 3 Biodiversity Forest Cover ccccccssccesssecssececssecesseceseeccssecesseecsseccssececssecessecesseecesseceeaeeceseeecsaeeecaaecesees 9 Forest reserves and national parks ennemi 9 Forest Cover Change ccceccccssssccssccesscecesseccssesecseeceeseecsseccsaececaseceeseecsaeeecaaecseseeeeseeecsaeeeeaeeeesaeens 9 s Mammals pesen e e canvass DTI IDIOMS 10 S REDES acara a a rE r E ERU E 10 AMPHIBIANS si ecce ue e ro araa d ge ee e e ose Eva tup ess 10 Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish esses enne nnne nnn nnns 10 3 4 CUM ALE 3 dert trie ite e EE eA e Eea EE evened vatetasees duchess EEA EA ee 10 PrecipltatlOlusc eed et tree gone nece peat evaehaadancoosdenayicaa eaae Ie Rb ud n ad oT ee ge etd epo dinate 10 S T mperatUr amp cc siano etico citer vit dacosacecaseuauaseaasdceeegacacaqtcaandeeasccedeseienbinds RR SE SE OE DR eg 11 Weather and hydrology monitoring Stations ccccccescccssscesssecesseccssececsaecesseeceseeeesaecessaeeesees 11 Evapotranspiration and land cover nennen enne eerte nnne nnne 11 3 5 Water resOUL C6s earar aS aa tite ie He DERE EH Pu E er RUe TRI Eu Da eR rente tu Pesce Lese De TREES IE EP ota Ee Poen 11 Surface water features sterii riie areae eene nn enne nennen tnnt entrent nennen nennen nne 11 Digital Atlas User Manual HyArOGe OlOgy ccccccsscccsssccs
16. ewells Wes 99 Precipitation p E IWASH sanitation 2 13 lt N water treatment plants irrigation intakes reservoirs N Mkindo catchment d AN NS 3 4 2 Rivers and monitoring Stations u W Settlements roads and rail networks 5 ripi 2 Surface water bodies N v Administrative regions mro Water quality I enm P X Yid sfhiendeto T N 5 30 S yeoneti MS est le land use patterns N H d Sy Forest reserves and National Parks X A JICA_water_balance_analysis pdf LA Field guide Tanzania fish Eccles pdf Y LA WildlifeSurveyMkindoF orestReserve y wami river usaid profile pdf yu wami efa hydrology pdf 1 Forest reserves and National Parks ES beo rara Ona ae le Aquatic macroinvertebrates and freshwater fish st Reptiles 2 Mammals LI 7 00 S_ EXAMPLE let us choose the Monitoring Stations thematic map from Climate Here one can display both perennial and seasonal rivers then display different types of monitoring stations such as rainfall hydrological water quality isotope weather stations by clicking the eye on each layer toolbar on map panel upper right to change One can also zoom on and then click I for information cursor from arrow tip to crosshairs and then click on a station to get info for that station There are also links to reports that have graphs and analysis of data from the basin Digital Atlas User Manual 3 Guide to the interpretation of maps
17. f the Wami and Ruvu basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help wrmoeaie1 rif FARA I o0 IAI RIR A Search AtlasStyler wrmosaic1 tif Define value ranges to be painted in different colors Town Usage mode easy O expert Set colors and opacity for all Classify M A Apply Band 3 wm S tere type Z Opacity LO Apply m M Colors for value ranges r Classification 4 r Descriptive statistics Method Statistics on only every 63th r Tipadani Count 3054915 Clases 5 Minimum 32 768 000 P Maximum 2 604 000 adini Sum 4 796 850 564 Page NODATA Value null Mean Ree Median 548 000 Ea Salam Standard deviation 8 351 693 eg LUE m z E 7 MODATA canunt I a kindu Add new Duplicate Remove gdal Columns 60 D m Show Show sow A std dev mean X US Ygaungubweni M 5 5 Update pri Break values xvi Vj automatic preview 1 000 000 Use the mouse buttons to change class x LS 5 breaks manually I 750 000 Break values 500 000 9 3 3 250 000 3 E 38 00 E 38 30 E 39 00 E 39 30 E l4 30 000 20 000 10 000 values Mouse coordinate 151 649 4 9 293 070 0 Click on Classify to specify the ranges of value
18. he locations of water use permit holders along with information on levels of abstraction and classification by use such as industry irrigation domestic hotels and commercial livestock aquaculture and water supply entities The location of industries for instance can suggest the possibility of water pollution both surface and groundwater and thereby sites for additional water quality monitoring in future Similarly irrigation users can also indicate whether they are tapping surface water or groundwater Source JICA WRBWO Water treatment plants reservoirs and bridges individual layers showing locations of the above with added information on each available on clicking with selected Reservoirs are surface water reservoirs with symbols colour coded to indicate capacity Source JICA Borewells and reservoirs locations of borewells are colour coded according to groundwater yield cubic meters second Borewell locations are concentrated in the semi arid Dodoma region and the coast region Borewells are an indicator of groundwater use the clustering in Dodoma region calls for computing a water balance to estimate the natural rate of groundwater recharge in that region in order to avoid over extraction of groundwater that can subsequently lower the groundwater table to levels that lead to shallow wells and streams drying up as well as possible land subsidence Similarly over extraction of groundwater in the coast region around Da
19. ites A selection of reports and publications pertaining to the Wami Ruvu Basin has been included under the Literature section for quick reference A major advantage of the Digital Atlas over a printed atlas or a book atlas is that a user can zoom into a map for a detailed view at any scale Specific features such as forest reserves or hydrological stations can be clicked on to obtain more information Furthermore the user can combine different layers of data adjust visual styles scale ranges colours and symbols and labels and create their own maps using the digital product very easily These user created maps can be saved in various image formats for presentations reports and publications 2 Usingthe Digital Atlas The Digital Atlas is a standalone installation on a computer The atlas has been created using GeoPublisher which is an open source atlas creation software developed at the University of Bonn Germany The Atlas runs on the Java platform which can be bundled along with the atlas installation files for installation on any computer An internet connection is not required to use the Atlas 2 1 Installation All the files data and Java operating system of the Digital Atlas are contained in a folder called DISK This folder about 600 Mb should be copied in its entirety into a location on the user s computer either the desktop or a directory of the user s choice Most of the space is taken up by the Digital Elevation Model 375 Mb
20. m 1 m however given the accuracy of the DEM such a visualization is just to get an idea More accurate elevation determination is performed using LIDAR technology Open Physical Features Topography and DEM In the LEFT panel under the wrmosaic1 layer click on the spanner wrench tool icon Style Digital Atlas User Manual Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help Emm e wrmosaicl tif Towns major town other town AOIG O lii z OO RASER F serh i9 E style T remove Iia 5 00 S__ Chandama Nondoto Kiberashi 5 30 S Haneti Samatwa Tamota Meia Meia Kwekivu Negero ees iene payen e Tungui Mlembuii Kwanyange z Chenga Pandambili Kanga Mbwewe Sadani Turiani Dodoma REA Mandera Msagali ae Mkadini 6 30 S_ ldifu go Mindu Tulieni Bagamoyo Kwisa Yombo WREE Ubenazomozi Kiosa Morogoro Kidugallo Soga Dar Es Salaam are Mkuyuni Mangulubwida Mzenga M E Ulaya Msongozi Kibwegere Kkeo Mvuha Saungubweni k Msanga ikoboga Tues Kisaki Dakawa 8 00 S_ I35 00 E 35 30 E 36 00 E 36 30 E 37 00 E 137 30 E 38 00 E 138 30 E 39 00 E 39730 E lai Em a 100km Map shown in WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_37S Mouse coordinate 102 492 9 9 506 944 0 This opens the AtlasStyler window Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu
21. ntal spatial resolution is 30 m and vertical resolution 20m A layer showing cities towns has been added to provide a meaningful location reference for the topo map this layer can be turned on and off Source National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA and Japan Space Research Organization JSRO The DEM is a raster image with elevation data for each pixel The DEM layer can be displayed as a color coded set of elevation ranges just like a typical Digital Atlas User Manual topographic map The user has the ability to define a range of elevation values as an elevation class and then assign a colour scheme for the set of elevation classes or assign individual colours to individual classes This ability to create elevation classes and display them can come in useful for terrain analysis For instance in order to examine which regions along the coast are vulnerable to flooding from sea level rise and storm surges one can create elevation classes such as 0 1 m 1 2 m 2 3 m and so on assigning different colours to each range By coloring 0 1 m in red and 1 2 m in orange for instance one can see which areas are prone to what level of flooding For more information refer Sample Case Studies The other layer in this thematic map is the Terrain Slope map that is generated from the DEM using the ArcGIS Slope function It represents the angle of slope or gradient of a 30m 30m pixel same pixels as the DEM The default colour
22. of borewell locations gives an idea of where groundwater use is concentrated Monitoring wells are suggested in those areas as well as in neighboring areas to monitor water table dynamics on a daily and seasonal basis Digital Atlas User Manual LE Acknowledgements Funding for the Digital Atlas has been provided by USAID under the GLOWS I WASH program The Atlas has been developed by Florida International University in collaboration with the WAMI RUVU BASIN WATER OFFICE WRBWO Data contained in the Digital Atlas has been provided by the Wami Ruvu Basin Water Office of the Ministry of Water Tanzania Japan International Cooperation Agency JICA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA FAO AFRICOVER land cover University of Montana MODIS 16 Evapotranspiration Google Earth Engine Hansen et al 2013 Forest cover change and ClimateWizard precipitation and temperature projections The Atlas has been created using the open source atlas development and publishing software GeoPublisher www geopublisher org developed by Stefan Tzeggai Germany Developers Amartya Saha Ph D Associate Scientist Global Water for Sustainability Program GLOWS Florida International University 3000 NE 151 st AC1 271 Miami FL 33181 USA Mercy Asha Mohamed Water Resources and GIS IWASH Tanzania Program PO Box 768 Morogoro TANZANIA Global Water for Sustainability USAID FROM THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
23. on pertinent to a particular site and combine different layers of data without the need of a GIS Wami Ruvu Basin Water Office Morogoro Tanzania Digital Atlas User Manual Contents 1 Objectives of the Digital Atlas ce itae ede eei oe nac Ree Reve does ee Rd veu de gt 4 2 Using RU LIIUCIP VERREM 4 AB Steall AION se M 4 2 2 Eaunching the Atlas oce ioter ostrea biete pire Eua el spo rex ET d NP RES RUE RU PER EUE 4 2 3 Exploring the Atlas 2 2isscscctecccdsesaacchect aoaaa E EaR 5 2 3 1 Selecting a thematicmap ctc ecce tees oett e lets dece rasche kaiaa E aa Rs 5 2 3 2 Features of a thematic Map cccccsccccccessssesssecesecesecseceseceeeceseesesaesecesecuseeseaaeseceesesssuseaaeaeeeeeens 5 3 Guide to the interpretation of maps and geospatial information esses 7 PAIECRI SAITESIIEIe iUc 7 3 1 c 7 CIE curd 7 Change SERIE CEREREM 7 Openpopup WIDdOW ciento dete oet deg ant gode de aee aot dert oae dee Yee que sah dee ta toad 7 CINE Ic IT 7 3 2 Landscape Physical Featu tes cete et ve en ERE nee REED VV E EATER RR VERE RE FERE ERES 7 Topography and Terrain Slope enhn ennt entere nnne enne nnn nen 7 w Geology and Soils iresi eset trivial ad eee vex Pere Les esae EON IN a deed deaur ee et 8 Surface Water Features a cizesccscswsicascesscsacessessc
24. r Es Salaam can result in accelerated sea water intrusion in coastal aquifers While groundwater is a reliable and high quality water source water table monitoring programs are essential Water quality sampling locations locations of past water quality sampling are indicated along with values of chemical water quality parameters sampled on those dates This layer can be updated with more water quality data to then make water quality maps 3 7 Public Health gt LGAs Local Government Authorities jurisdiction map map of districts with demographic and area information iWASH water supply and sanitation interventions map showing locations of sanitation interventions along with information on school name whether boys or girls school number of users served and so on Water and sanitation in the Basin map layers include households with access to improved water sources sanitation literacy life expectancy and infant Digital Atlas User Manual mortality number of deaths per thousand births Data is from the 2002 National census 3 8 Administration and Demographics Administrative regions wards districts and regions Population demographics a detailed census data map at the sub ward level is included here Sub wards are shown with street boundaries and population demographic socioeconomic information from each sub ward is available by clicking a particular sub ward with the i button selected after
25. s and reservoirs in the WR Basin Each layer can be turned on or off for avoiding a crowded display Seasonal rivers are those that dry up in the dry season while perennial rivers have water flowing all through the year in most years Wetland systems along river networks are displayed these wetlands include areas under rice cultivation Reservoirs are shown colour coded as per storage capacity The majority of the reservoirs are located near the coast and in the agricultural areas while there are very few reservoirs in the semiarid Dodoma region There are also regions of high rainfall with few reservoirs By clicking on the information button i on the upper right panel the cursor turns to crosshairs that can then be clicked on a feature for more information For instance clicking on a borewell yields further information on its name location river and capacity Source JICA Land cover land cover maps from 2001 2004 and 2005 are included here Forests are largely restricted to the Eastern Arcs mountains while most of the lowland miombo woodlands have been deforested and converted to agriculture savanna grazing areas or degraded lands Forests being critical to rainfall storage and regulation in catchments the continual shrinking of forest areas is a matter of extremely grave concern for the water security of WR basin and deserves action at all levels Source JICA 2001 2004 AFRICOVER FAO 2005 3 4 Biodiversity Forest Cover gt
26. s that comprise each class Colors are then specified for the classes for display There are several methods of classifying data some of which are 1 Natural Breaks Jenks that automatically look for clustering in the data 2 Quartiles that group the bottom 2596 25 5096 50 7596 and 75 10096 3 Manual where the user decides how to create the groups Usually manual mode is chosen for specifying elevation classes for instance Natural Breaks is the default method in AtlasStyler Topography and Digital Elevation Model Atlas of the Wami and Ruvu basins File Physical Features Biodiversity Climate Water resources Society and Economy Infrastructure Literature Help gum o manfaate Ut O0 RAGA Psu AtlasStyler wrmosaic1 tif wrmoeaict rif AV Define value ranges to be painted in different colors Usage mode easy _ expert Set colors and opacity for all Classify LLL A Apply type eoo M Colors for value ranges Label Label for class 0 0 gt 0 00 Below Sea Level EN Sea Level 0 00 34 00 34 00 133 00 133 00 330 00 330 00 548 00 548 00 816 00 816 00 975 00 1 975 975 00 1133 00 11133 00 gt 1309 00 1133 00 1309 00 11309 00 gt 2604 00 1309 00 2604 00 SW 0 00 34 00 Town v 3 Add new Duplicate Remove gdal A Iv
27. shows just the forest cover loss Most of the deforestation Digital Atlas User Manual over 2000 2012 has occurred in the lowland forests or miombo woodlands savannahs between Morogoro and Dar es Salaam primarily for extensive charcoal production Relatively less deforestation has happened in the Eastern Arc mountains over this period on account of reserved forests there and areas outside the reserved forests were deforested before 2000 Even so there is continued deforestation Each red dot is at a 30 30 m scale Mammals ranges are shown for each mammal along with the IUCN population conservation status for the species The user can change the display style from a range area to a point located at the centroid of the range in the interests of decreasing the display overlap between species ranges Zooming into an area of interest also reduces the overlap of polygons representing individual species ranges Reptiles Similar to mammals Amphibians of special relevance to water since amphibians need functioning aquatic ecosystems to exist Both water quality and flow regime are fundamental to maintaining the structure and function of an aquatic ecosystem To get an idea of the relative sizes of ranges of each species click on Charts Available on the upper right panel that shows a graph of the area Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish a survey was carried out in wet and dry seasons of 2007 and 2011 at six sites on the
28. sscecssssecssecessseceseeccssecessseceseccsseescaaececaeecesseccsaececauecesseeesseeceaeeeeaeeesees 12 Water user permits ccescccsseceessecessccceseeecssececssecesseccsssescaseeccateceeseccssececsaececseeesstecesaececaaecesees 12 Water treatment plants reservoirs and bridges ccscesccssecssscsseceecseesseeesseesceescaescseessaeeaaeeaaes 12 Borewells and reservoirs ener nnne nennen nennt enne 12 Water quality sampling locations sees enne nnne nri 12 3 6 Public Healthier ee oen tete e vean E braces tdeeke vier ene Ss 12 LGAs Local Government Authorities cccccccceesceseeseeeecesecaeeeeeeaecaaeseeseeceaesaeseseaecaeseeeeaeeaeenees 12 iWASH water supply and sanitation interventions enne 12 Water and sanitation in the Basin sssssssssssesseseeenene nennen ener 12 3 7 Administration and Demographics cccccsessscecececessesssaecececessesesaaaesececsseesesaeaeceesessseseaaeaeeeeeens 13 Administrative regions c ccccsccccsssceescecesseccssececssecesseccsseeecssececasecesseccesececaaeceseeenseeeesaececaueeenees 13 Transportation cccccccssccesscecssececsseceeseeceseeccssecesasecesseccsseescssecscasecesecesseeceaaecesseeenseecesaeceeaaeceness 13 Water User Associations ccsceesceseessesseesecaceseeeeecusecaeeseceaecaeeesaecaaeeaeeeeceaesaeseeeeaesaeeeneeaneaaenaees 13 B S LIRG FALUN g ze 13 3 9 je
29. zooming in Information includes the population of each ward gender ratio economic level and nationalities of residents Transportation locations of cities and towns along with the road and railway network and bridges Village streets are available in another layer To look at villages in an area the user needs to turn on the village streets layer and zoom in Source Tanzania Census 2002 Water User Associations this map shows the locations of the villages belonging to the Mkondoa and the Mkindo Water User Associations respectively In addition the hydrologically delineated catchment boundaries are also included 3 9 Literature A partial list of reports and publications relevant to the WR basin from a water resources perspective pdf format are included with the Atlas These reports can be downloaded and opened using Adobe Acrobat Reader available online freely 3 10 Help 4 Sample Analysis Case Studies Examples of the types of questions and analyses made possible with the Digital Atlas are presented here 4 1 Coastal flooding vulnerability from Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge Adjust the DEM in the Physical Environment submenu to create elevation classes starting from 0 1 m 1 2 m 2 3 m and so on assigning bold colours to the lowest elevation classes This then highlights the low lying areas along the coast and river estuaries that are liable for flooding The user can even change the classification to 0 0 5 m 0 5
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search