T3_Vanfretti_RealSmartSymposium2013
Contents
1. SCADA Old Technology Slow 1 1 T T T T 13 23 31 200 13 30 43 200 13 37 55 200 13 45 07 200 13 52 19 200 13 59 31 200 e Conventional Technology SCADA is not capable to cope with new challenges too slow can never capture the phenomena e New software applications and power electronics based control technology can help to Detect unwanted behaviour from renewable energy sources sub synchronous wind farm oscillations Control unwanted unexpected behaviour and optimize the performance of the grid This in turn will allow to safely transport and utilize renewable energy sources controllers in two different wind farms Countermeasures o Switching to electrically isolate the wind farms o Curtail the power output Methodology for Development of Real Time Applications in the Lab Which method should we adopt to develop PMU Apps www phdcomics com THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Modify lt JORGE CHAM 2006 b Hypothesis EN Observe natural Formulate Test hypothesis Establish Theo phenomena gt Hypothesis gt via rigorous gt based on repeated Experiment Validation of results Modify Theory THE ACTUAL METHOD AL iii Make up Theory Design minimum Publish Paper Defend Theory based on what peri that 3 rename Theory JZ despite all Funding Agency will show Hypothesis and evidence to the Manager wants suggest Theory pretend yo2. Sr m0 emne m E Fo smark reka p Y gt j 2 b j _ 4 Faro A used m D a _ 5 0 anke ee i v AA R x LA last 2 uur 7 edens t 7 FI amp em ww 0 D 4 gt uw tr i I Tote gt 9 P LJ q x aran y L twn er a hee oats S T j 4 7 4 TS t me mea IT Paras WAT 1 s d d me otn Sire LEN t gt neu as me E admin T I Er x Hasle j B 3 lt MEC m pr uL gt r i T T we gt Lr fe Mh 5 _ I bryt b 7 tow e 4 y i T c reds aaa gore a an ack p rmm re ER SM dag A i M j rine A keah TA 5 Ruta mis JJ V Kristiansand X ike AP MT eret FER B y L j i MV a G L3X nder uum QE j 1 dt Str mma Nord gt oer We sarema be eens 28 m or wron 55 j arne ne bar P TUS NT EU T E Li ere ovu _ P mote 7 u
3. Formulate the Hypothesis gt Power amp Energy Society 14 Statnett PMU Monitor v 7s eec Statnett NN E TER Alta E Configuration Statnett PMU Monitor N F Li er 4 Masa Conti al Nu art 2 NUT 4 jp m Scheme Original 1 1 1 j 7 ao 7 u gt ILL nh LIES E J 4 V r ME gt 4 Ver anu n 3 4 greie F go x a LI Mou NAD i d p gt a e fay k ski n gt TG IL T J d 8 20 21 wenger ge STG ONCE 49 99 Hz 08 20 mo 9 u E j Cp w Ge Na Y NE I3 Statnett PMU Monitor vi gt di win mann wie A gt rt els NN f Nedre R ss ga Roa SAK 2 7 C Pr gt b Bats mere gt 7 4 7 yen Q Mermi i 4 m Ferd 4 5 Doreir x 4 at n T us i x Sears at _ Najukoski com D 7 ni Grom V a Te f om oe e m I Dea Fates a wes 3 vef 4 Ra la t Mei rant gt 7 vn z ECT MES 2 d s a A Ramsel
4. e 17 Statnett PMU Monitor eom jme Sm 9 ENFO Statnett BET 7 ge Configuration Statnett PMU Monitor ee b bts E D uae NY x wii i Nedre R ss ga gt an LEN pr Scheme Origina te 3 2 eer T P e 4 E e t be gt E FL us peme q a f gt 3 n oon ft Vajukoski AO AZ 08 22 54 11 05 2011 Formulate the Hypothesis How should PMU app that monitors sub synchronous wind farm e reb oscillations look y a Li Va E AS LPG gt lt 5 KC What should it do HATE Ra Kristiansand Lm fe y What information should it provid m X e at information should it provide 10 TE WR 551 vile ES Tp e 2 185 How will the operator interact with it kome mee e od N 7 MA AN un a Forsmark 234 77 ag Str mma i Nord gt og ae ats E vu ru z ne nee fi nar Details F2 aft ocho r E WEN di fem Live Signal F3 am T u c 1 18H TM br b deg val 4 i v v s Oscillation Detector F4 ae D Wet um M B Wo eg Frequency Quality F31 ires AG DUM ven Signal Settings F6 a ar Cay Uta MA GS WW LA 1 AMAR GS LM GS OM
5. 400V 50Hz e Validation experiments were carried out ona grid emulator Microgrid Lab Converters generate real power injections controlled by inverters Pat Pin Pout Pisses Active Front End Active Front End AFE AFE Active Rectifier Active Rectifier AR RA Validation Experiments Protocol Validation Signal Generation and Injection program calculates P values T10 New PI values oa oe 0 The program receives P measurements and stores them with a timestamp P values periodically sent to AFE via CAN bus CAN bus u The AFE sends a message to the AC Normal mede twee Sca timet bite me aver Fregrilt e Yokogawa WT500 7017 1213 16 11 12 Validation Experiment Results 1Hz and 6 Hz oscillation injections Actwe Power 110000 100000 90000 93200 70000 B Reactive Power 4 40000 30000 20000 T ba a pi 0 1966 mpirbude 2000 Amplitude 2 3000 Anon 5000 17 48 56 600 17405200 a Active and Reactive Powers 8 0 51 i a E 4 0 20 0 0 z 1743 36180 17 45 46 180 17 49 56 180 17 50 06 180 17 50 17 05 1 15 35 3 Energy 3 333 Low Activity High Actw ity Danger b Mo
6. e Austin White of OG amp E is gratefully acknowledged for providing PMU measurements from the Oklahoma power network which was used to develop our off line tools Outline Motivation Examples of challenges brought by renewable energy sources Bringing renewable energy into the Nordic Grid what can we expect From the X Ray to the MRI to monitor and control renewable energy sources Methodology for Development of Real Time PMU Apps in the Lab Problem Statement Identifying Wind Farm Induced Grid Interactions Application Design Development Tools for Implementation Prototype Implementation Testing protocols and methods Validation protocols and method Deployment KTH Freq Iphone S Lab Smart Transmission Systems Laboratory Renewable energy sources bring more production capacity PAQE TODAY S PAPER VIDEO MOST POPULAR U S Edition v The New York Times Business Day e But production from renewables is not enough to attain a Energy amp Environment sustainable energy system WORLD US NY REGION BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE HEALTH SPORTS OPINION Global DealBook Markets Economy Energy Media Pen e Fora secure efficient and flexible use of renewables safe power transmission is necessary Intermittent Nature of Green Power Is Challenge for da Utilities 15 yum to predict than mum HUN power s re a T
7. iu 5 Frequency Hz Fregparney b Active Power c Reactive Power aaa Wind Farm Models e Farm 1 16 turbines Farm 2 13 turbines DFIG Type 3 aggregated turbines 4 to 6 turbines Power System Model for Real Time Excecution Console Wind farm including Kaimal wind models Network Equivalent G1 1 2 2 2 25 kv Mode intaksston SM Transmission RT Data Acq U IS itio Develop an experiment Set up the chain of real time protocol what behaviour data acquisition an d Expe rime nt rotocol should be detected control by the designed solution 1 Opal RT Simulator 2 Oscilloscope connected to analog output 3 NI cRIO PMU 4 Voltage measurement module connected to analog output ls m 5 Connection to network infrastructure for 6 communication with PDC TAN qua 5 MA 6 PDC Server with Output Stream configured Experiment Protocol Design Oscillation In Additional Major Fault jection Perturbations handom load Set pertur Generating Three phase End of the os variation bation at minor faults Fault and line cillation injec 10 83 Hz opening tion Power amp society Testing Results Slow Dynamics r a Frequency Amplitude 49 98 l 13 59 49 620 2013 02 15 1 14 01 29 220 2013 02 15 Amplitude 14 00 04 420 14 00 24 420 14 00 44 420 14 01 04 420 14
8. 13284 fi 7 eee 0 Energy 825458 Low Activity gg High Actvity Danger energy level computed IEEE Power amp Energy Society di e il Tools Tools Building PMU Apps the last mile the problem Data in IEEE C37 118 Protocol Real time data locked into vendor specific or dedicated software Communication system Network Historical Data in Proprietary or Specific Database Infrastructure es Power amp Energy Society Statnett s Synchrophasor Software Development Kit SDK Computer Server Data in IEEE C37 118 Protocol Statnett s Synchrophasor Software Development Kit SDK Communication Real Time LabView Network Data Mediator PMU Recorder Light RTDM PRL DLL mum Statne e Infrastructure external to the software development kit PMU phasor measurement unit Instrument providing GPS time stamped measurements of voltage current and other quantities phasor data concentrator A software running in a dedicated server Communication Network composed by routers switches fiber optic links or other medium Software Development Kit SDK a set of different computer software that allows a user to develop other derived software applications e Our SDK is composed by two main pieces Real Time Data Mediator DLL PMU Recorder Light PRL PE Power amp Energy Society SS werho
9. Configuration Connection Buffers and Queue Bad Data Advanced Connection Buffers and Queue Bad Data Advanced Autostart OFF ON IP address 127 001 TEE M Live Data Buffer Size 4 Access Buffer Active D Code 100 date points 30 o Access Buffer Size Data Points hh mm ss Connection Settings ete PRL Main GUI Connection Settings Buffers and Queue Connection Buffers and Queue Bad Data Advanced Connection Buffers Queue Bad Data Advanced Connection Details Bad Data Removal 7 OFF ON Wait for Config Timeout ms Complex Data Points Allowed Equal Seconds to Try Analog Data Points Allowed Equal Seconds to Wait Before Retry Max Time Stamp Age Before Reconnect s Connection Details Poll New Data Timeout ms dt Tolerance microseconds Monitoring Data Rate History Bad Data Advanced SW Architecture Design supporting Modularity and Scalability for Different Deployment and Application Scenarios Computer or Server p internet NY rain ike MAY rae NI s m Au LabView h isplay efaction Custom Statriet _ IStOM ae In Or Application 1 SDK t Publishing M A Power amp Energy Society SW architecture and prototype Tools dope ot proposed method to provide Use of the SDK for the App transparently t
10. MG 1 i TM SSS SEU NN 1 MU DOM UN NNN AE VN Grid Equalizer Concept Inception and Design of the PMU App e What should the App do The app should be able to detect oscillations at different frequency bands and provide a measure of the activity health of the oscillations at each band The app should help correlating the activity in each frequency band to a specific frequency of oscillation or group of frequencies e What are the requirements Operate on real time data streams and provide fast updates on the health indicator Pre Processing Band Energy Threshold level Computation comparison RT Data Band Pass Filtering Identify Frequency of Health Oscillation Indicator Handling Graphical Interface Interaction Correlation Methods Design and implementation of Design and Implementation of Algorithms algorithms for monitoring control protection with real time execution constraints Pre processing remove data flaws on the fly Oscillation Detector e A tool used to detect oscillatory activity computes the energy of the oscillation within a given frequency band Provides fast generalized alarm of oscillation activity in the freq band Spectral Estimator e A tool used to estimate the spectrum of a signal Uses digital signal processing methods non parametric and parametric metho
11. 01 26 Energy 310 507 J Low Activity J High Actvity O Danger Frequency Hz Testing Results Oscillations at 10 83 Hz Frequency 50 14 50 12 50 1 50 08 50 06 5 50 04 E U Tidi 50 plitud 49 98 49 96 49 94 4992 10 06 48 020 10 08 27 620 2013 02 15 2013 02 15 1005 8 900 0 800 0 700 0 600 0 500 0 400 0 300 0 200 0 97 4 Amplitude 10 07 03 020 10 07 23 020 10 07 43 020 10080302 10 08 24 Energy 1003 12 J Low Activity High Actvity Danger Frequency Hz Power amp Energy Society Frequency 50 14 50 12 50 1 50 08 50 06 u 9 50 04 5 50 02 49 98 49 96 49 94 4992 1 10 13 48 880 10 15 28 480 2013 02 15 2013 02 15 Amplitude MA M ET z E k 14 14 14 4154 15 l 10 14 05 960 10 14 25 960 10 14 45 960 10 15 05 960 10 15 27 10 1025 105 1075 11 11 25 115 1175 12 Energy 17 1071 J Low Activity og High Actvity Danger Frequency Hz 47 Validate Design the Validation Gather Results and Experiments Protocol Determine Differences Experiments Set up Experimental Validation Environment Set up Experimental Validation Environment 48 Validation Set Up Public grid Bys i X Public grid Moe 50Hz V 595 rid
12. Monitoring and Control of Renewable Energy Sources using PMUs From Design through Implementation to Validation of Real Time Synchrophasor Based Tools MARIE CURIE The Real Smart Symposium d Nov 29 2013 s Dmm Prof Luigi Vanfretti Associate Professor and Docent KTH SmarTS Lab Special Advisor in Strategy and Public Affairs R amp D Division Statnett SF Lab Statnett smart Transmission Systems Laboratory Power amp Energy Society Acknowledgement e The work presented here is a result of the collaboration between KTH SmarTS Lab Sweden Statnett SF Norway and the IREC research center Spain This work has been financed by Statnett SF the Norwegian transmission system operator through its Smart Operation R amp D program Nordic Energy Research through the STRONgrid project The European Institute of Technologies EIT through the Key Innovation Collocation Center InnoEnergy project Smart Power The following people have contributed to this work sD fy js TULLE KAP zi t de R GTH PF for pir FE Lu LT KTH SmarTS Lab M Shoaib Almas Maxime Baudette Dr lyad Al Khatib Viktor Appelgren Statnett SF Vemund Aarstrand Stig L vlund Jan Gjerde Ignasi Cairo Jose Luis Dominguez Gerard del Rosario Alberto Ruiz
13. ack of widely available C cost effective ways to store electricity generated by wind only compounds the complex current marketplace And those problems are likely to grow Last year wind power was the most prevalent source of new energy capacity 43 percent of overall generation installed while its price neared an all time low according to a recent report for the Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory A number of factors can trigger curtailments in wind output including reducing the to bats or birds 2006 around the blades But more regional Power amp Energy Society Bringing More Renewable Capacity in the Nordic Grid Will pose a challenges on how the grid is operated and controlled Old pattern Old pattern winter summer wet dry mainly seasonal operation based on historical experience Bringing More Renewable Capacity in the Nordic Grid Will pose a challenges on how the grid is operated and controlled New pattern New pattern price differences much wind less wind daily hourly per minute per second changes With changes in generation patterns system dynamics will also change This means faster power transfer interactions which need to be monitored and controlled for secure power transmission Smart Grid solutions need to be developed to safely integrate renewable energy sources Real time monitoring can p
14. and M Shoaib Almas V and J Gjerde A software development toolkit for real time synchrophasor applications IEEE PowerTech 2013 Grenoble France On the Fast RT Tool e Vanfretti M Baudette J L Dominguez Garcia Al Khatib M S Almas and J O Gjerde A PMU Based Monitoring Application for Fast Real Time Oscillation Detection from Wind Farm Interactions to be submitted to Electric Power Systems Research On Testing Methods e Vanfretti M Baudette I Al Khatib M S Almas and J Gjerde Testing and Validation of a Fast Real Time Oscillation Detection PMU Based Application for Wind Farm Monitoring Invited Paper Technical Session Track 5 Communication and Control in Smart Grids in Proceedings of the First International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking 2013 BlackSeaCom 2013 Batumi Georgia On Validation Methods Baudette L Vanfretti Del Rosario A Ruiz Alvarez J L Dominguez Garcia Al Khatib M S Almas Cairo and J O Gjerde Validating a Real Time Application for Monitoring of Sub Synchronous Wind Farm Oscillations ISGT 2014 Washington DC ee gt Powered 0 SDK Statnett nehrophasor SDK Thank you Questions luigiv kth se luigi vanfretti statnett no S Lab
15. ds Fast RT Oscillation Detection and Monitoring Tool Components Real time data stream display Provides real time overview of the selected measurement Oscillation detectors at different and configurable ranges low frequency inter area modes local modes and fast modes up to Nyquist freq Detection and Alarming Energy of the oscillation at the given frequency Alarm levels at configurable thresholds ok high activity dangerous activity GPs Power amp Energy Society eee gt Pre processing Outlier removal for measurement errors Interpolation for signal outside of a confidence interval Linear interpolation for avoiding divergences Implementation for the frequency pr h Spectral Estimator Four parallel algorithms automatically set to the same frequency ranges for correlation with the oscillation detectors Non parametric method Welch s method Averaged modified Periodogram on overlapping windows Useful if frequency content is unknown Parametric method Auto Regressive method Curve fitting process using a auto regressive model of the signal Requires an order of the model TUE AR SPECTRAL ESTIMATION YW En PRE BAND PASS CLE PROCESS FILTER NON PARAMETRIC WELCH S METHOD Oscillation Detector Estimation of the activity of oscillatory comp
16. dule Figure 6 10 injection at 1 Hz Active Power Screen shots of the Monitoring Tool at the beginning of the oscillations Figure 6 11 injection at 6 Hz nm Reactive Power 90000 BUCO 70000 0000 50000 Amplitude 10000 30000 20000 1998 rude 2 1 4 00 5000 12 00 04 060 18 01 03 860 a Active and Reactive Powers 37 45 40 Amplitude m 1 1 0 3 5 10 8 an 5 18 30 15 34D 18401 55340 18 31 05 340 18 01 15 340 18 01 35 Energy 3 7 206 jLewActmty Qj Danger Frequency Hz b Module Screen shots of the Monitoring Tool at the beginning of the oscillations Lessons Learnt e PMU App Development in the lab requires a development method the proposed method based on the scientific method is not a bad choice Working RT HIL Lab and designing new applications It s alot of fun but also a lot of hard work Not necessarily will lead to journal papers but you will learn more than you imagine or be willing too It takes the work to a different level stuff has to work The most important side product more experts References On SmarTS Lab e Vanfretti et al SmarTS Lab A laboratory for developing applications for WAMPAC systems IEEE PES General Meeting 2012 San Diego CA USA Statnett s Synchrophasor SDK e Vanfretti V Aarstr
17. e AT Wet wen T m E fonde LI amem Voted Coren we dn howd gt 1 AT Wade inhar shana 4 een aam kre oaia gt gt 13 T24 DV ber Mone viz S rad v TIT IEEE incip TER le Po wi lpr 9 Li S 0 20 0 ben i Hiwi er A 12 g ST ru Lid Ton en rm ow iN HIE ITI oy viue met resa Pom hone umage t EE 2 il vartet bunny Sate phre m e Tamam 5 q vw mise J nd e UI E I 2 N freer io Wa Gi v r ag wee Energy Society i1 nie CS hing ergy SEY P g IS enrol Statnett contguratcn Statnett PMU Monitor eec Scheme Original a Kristiansand Fardal Alta Keminmaa Hj lta Ramsele Forsmark 3 Statnett PMU Monitor vi 2 Configuration Statnett PMU Monitor arn Dr E Scheme Origina WP 7 M j TS Jr VED d gt 5 A wr ud pv P 5 nag men geet tea n mer pt i Vajukoski 49 99 Hz 08 20 21 n ber gt y E E oce z a x d
18. e a re Ki gt 5 1 gt 1 di 2 Turner nd b igert bs Pd c m NA are E v g 3 2 Nedre R ss ga gt 1 i r d e I pr tee gt Keminmaa D gt enum T Cats p EN us 4 1 V1 al arda 21 PI j 1 ba m WW tatt 4 e Asha X 4 J m Lenow 1 ard T 3 tA bl ID ved f A LI bs 3 a IL AD br 7 tager dpe 8 b R Gu T d a y al i WrTZMAGAT e fa KEEN 077 Hasle HE 774 p n ae gt a mi j 5 R teeter 0 j not p nt a 4 Ramsele jp j 2 5 2 4 on gt 7 17 OG re A CI J ru 4 4 4 Il a naacal 7 us j Kristiansand d head ER Kar qasala 4 te PF e nare ool Oey y P i N gt QA J tone 3 Str mma P 3 g g v das o WS e e ba Te noi EAT tn ON JAN P n qf ardal j 4 5e i j 4 N yA fi HEN wra o arte ba I a p L j
19. g Identify the Problem Observe Natural Phenomena What should the PMU App Identify control ts Power amp Energy Society Methodology for Development of Real Time Applications in the Lab Formulate Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis What should the PMU app do How should the PMU app do it What information should the App Provide How should the PMU app behave under different operating conditions Will it always work Validate Perform additional tests with another experimental set up to assure validity of results Shopping List What do you need to develop real time PMU Apps Identify the Formulate Problem Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis Validate Modify the Hypothesis e Cost free Areal problem what should the PMU App identify control Don t make up a new problem that exists only in your head we have plenty of things in reality Good ideas on how to solve the problem e You know what the PMU App should do and how it should do it e To develop the real time PMU app and implement it You need software for real time data mediation and handling You need a software development environment that lets you easily change things so that you can modify the hypothesis e To test the PMU App You need a real time data source PMUs either HW or virtualized You need a lab the real system very risky completely hardware based costly real time hardware i
20. he required information action e Statnett s Synchrophasor SDK provides the measurements in LabView Datatypes e The following figure shows a sub set of the LabView implementation with PRL functions Command loop Listens for new commands in the command queue and executes them if a No Error SDK Functions CM 2 FMI F1 4 T A mitra 4 4 I Li t Mo PR nitiates the startup routine inthe PRL 3 Bb 2 that connects to the PDC and starts 5 the data stream Tools Implementation eam Real Time Data Display AR Spr tre Wek h ammeter Spectral Oscillation Spectral Estimator Detector Estimator N Oscillation Detector s va anms d gare 7 ency Oscillation Spectral Oscillation Spectral Detector Estimator Detector Estimator 140004 40 400 4 14004440 1101 Otam 1601 5 14 0004 62 1800 244 14 6 64 ON y 232 grader ving ewe ey Quos Power amp Energy Society Test the Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis Develop real time simulation Hardware and software needed Develop an experiment models that can reproduce the to test the solution protocol i e what behaviour experiment protocol Set up the chain of real time should be detected control by Set up hardware to reproduce data acquisition the designed solution the expe
21. n the loop kind of costly other In RT HIL Simulation you need a model that allows you to perform the tests that you need to show that the app works e To Validate the PMU App You need a second set up for validation get some friend somewhere else to help you if you are not rich Problem Statement Identify the Problem Observation Sub Synchronous Wind Farm Oscillations Voltage Magnitude Interaction is reflected in frequency components from 5 to 14 Hz Currently The only means of mitigation is power output curtailment MW Uu 08 25 AM 08 35 AM 08 45 AM 08 55 AM 1 05 1 04 1 03 1 02 1 a Voltage Magnitude 08 25 AM 08 35 AM 08 45 AM 08 55 AM b Power Output PMU Data Anew PMU App be developed to detect 2 SEC sub synchronous wind farm oscillations at higher frequency than the traditional low frequency oscillations e Means for detection is the first step towards control roblem Statement Identify the Problem Observations What information can be provided by a power system measured response Unknown input noise Random Load Variations Ambient Data Transient Ringdown 0 5 Rogue Inputs e g cyclic loads limit cycles u t p K Switchi Measurement e Oscillation e g staged tests line Unknown Noise switching Dynamics 18
22. onents in a given frequency range Envelope detection algorithm SUMMING DELAY LP FILTER MOVING D m Multiple configurable mmm D UN frequency ranges Recommended ranges yee TRIGOER TRIGGER LEVEL RISON HP FILTER presented here INPUT PRE pHason PROCESS uc BANDPASS DELAY LP FILTER Modification to RMS FILTER T h M bl gt LP Em 40 LEVEL COMPA gt TRIGGER LEVEL BISON HP FILTER BANDPASS LP FILTER FILTER Y MOVING LEVEL r2 15 25 Hz AVERAGE LP FILTER TRIGGER LEVE calculations 3 Configurable thresholds HP FILTER Power amp Energy Society We Generation of Health Signals Threshold Level Comparison 84250 84000 83750 83500 83250 y 53000 ET gm 2 82500 7 82250 82000 81750 81500 81250 81000 80750 1 13 26 25 133 13 28 05 099 Low Activity J High Actvity Danger 2011 04 05 2 Cluster 7 Cluster 8 Plot O Low Activity J High Danger y PSD4 o BN j Bandpass E 595 063 Low Activity High Actvi Danger p nergy 595 ty hig ty Dang Alio Freq high E 15 J Low Activity gg High Actvity Danger Filter Order 10 2 10 1 0 v 11 2 B M 15 T 13 27 37 467 132742467 1327147467 1327152467 132151467
23. phasor SDK Real Time Data Mediator a k a the DLL System Architecture rd Interface Servers IEC 61850 Other protocols Client Clients IEEE C37 118 Other Protocol Servers K amp GP Society Only prepared not fully Not implemented implemented Software Development Kit SDK Computer Server Data in IEEE C37 118 Protocol Statnett s Synchrophasor Software Development Kit SDK Communication Real Time LabView Network i Mediator PMU Recorder Light RTDM PRL DELA Infrastructure Statnett lt Sy werhophasor SPK e PMU Recorder Ligth PRL a set of computer programs written in the LabView language that facilitate the following Interface with the RTDM for obtaining real time PMU data Providing graphical configuration of connections to PMUs and PDCs to be sent by the RTDM Different function graphical blocks that a user can utilize to make a new program hes 4S NI 4 Power amp Energy Society Other functionalities listed in user manual and internal documents CH 8 Reader S ed Example Almas vi EHE PRL Ivlibp CEU Utilities PRL ARR Calculate Ratio of True vi PRL BUFFER Cut from Complex 2D Array vi PRL BUFFER Cut from Analog 2D Array vi PRL BUFFER Cut from Digital 2D Array vi PRL BUFFER Rearrange Timestamp Array vi eee PRL BUFFER Rearrange Complex 2D Array vi PRL BUFFER Rear
24. range Analog 2D Array vi PRL BUFFER Rearrange Digital 2D Array vi i PRL DW Check Data CSG vi PRL DW Clean Data CSG 2D vi PRL DW Clean Data 561 PRL UTIL Calculate Activity vi m PRL UTIL Calculate Data Rate vi PRL UTIL Convert Command for Display vi im PRL UTIL Get Real Timestamp vi PRL UTIL Split Command vi PRL STR Convert CSG Array to Strings vi PRL STR Convert SGL Array to String vi PRL TS Clip Array vi PRL TS Waiter vi BO EIC C RC C BC RC C CC CC C CR C CC C PRL QUEUE Multiple Elements vi PRL DW Check Data 561 PRL TS Get Real Timestamp vi PRL STR Convert Number to String vi PRL UTIL Get Control Value vi PRL SIGNAL Create Waveform vi Lal T ru PRL Data Selector vi PRL Snapshooter vi Statnett PMU Recorder Light 03xi PRL Remote vi ks PRL QUEUE Multiple Elements at Opposite End vi PRL CALC Calculate Live Buffers in Access Buffer vi pment Kit SDK Computer Server Statnett s Synchrophasor Software Development Kit SDK Real Time en Mediator PMU Recorder Light RTDM PRL DLL Statne lt lt werhophasor SPK omputer programs written in the following al time PMU data 1ections to PMUs and be sent the a user can utilize to make a new program al and internal documents B c Am Power amp Energy Society PRL Main GUI Handling Communications and Real Time Data ec T3 PRL
25. riment protocol S Lab Architecture Smart Transmission Systems Laboratory lt Substation Clock mere ve Arbiter Model 1094 8 and PMUs GPS Antenna Z PMU Stream Real Time p Simulator SEL 487 coordination Amplifiers Amplified voltage and current 50051 SEL 421 nputs t T Low level analog inputs to CT and e VT modules of F gt en signals from RTS sla d Sosi Says SEL 421 to E ume 44 ABB RES 670 Secondary injections a Fr Stream from I Arbitter 1133A 38 ABB RED 670 eam t ABB RED 670 Process Bus 61850 9 2 600 Station Bus IEC 61850 8 1 i pee GOOSL Communication Network Managed Ethernet Switch Stand Alone Test Set GOOSER for GOOSE publication and Subscription Feedback signals from controller to RTS Legend GPS Signal National Instrument Controllers cRIOs which are programmed as PMUs Some Hardwired cRIOs are used as external power system Station Bus controllers to send feedback signals to RTS i Process Bus Statnett s tg Raw measurements from PDC stream Software Toolkit Feedback Signa S DK and Babel Fish SDK SEL PDC 5073 Open PDC SEL 5073 takes synchrophasor data from SEL and NI cRIO PMUS time allign them and outputs a single concentrated s
26. rovide real time visibility and aid in assessing the health of the system due to fast dynamic phenomena across traditional operational boundaries Real time control can help handling operation as operation conditions become more stringent From the X Ray to the MRI for the Power Grid Identifying and controlling renewable energy sources in the grid e We need advances in monitoring and control technology similarly of the transition from the X Ray to the MRI Grid monitoring pa P f mr s 4 kv technology NT of today RA AE re From the X Ray to the MRI for the Power Grid Identifying and controlling renewable energy sources in the grid e We need advances in monitoring and control technology similarly of the transition from the X Ray to the MRI Grid monitoring l MS JOE 5 M E B technology of today t E A From the X Ray the MRI for the Power Grid Identifying and controlling renewable energy sources in the grid e We need advances in monitoring and control technology similarly of the transition from the X Ray to the MRI 1 06 Synchrophasors m SCADA PMU New Technology FAST Wind farm induced oscillations at OG amp E Occurring during periods of high wind generation 5 fluctuation at a frequency of 13 15 Hz The oscillations were product of interactions between
27. tream SEL PDC 5073 Redundant PDC Babel Fish and SDK unwraps the PDC streams and provide raw measurements to the NI cRIOs in Labview The cRIOs are programmed to perform power system operation applications m b 2 IIT RRRA V1 7 m Mini aC MES Vic mr Nets rd Eg T 2 y poet y TA mu a p Po qe TSJJEUS 40 Set up Experimental Environment Integration of the RT HIL Simulation with the SDK and App 50 ready Pause PRL idl Workstation 1 Options Monte Monitor Miniset GPS Antenna SEL 5073 PDC Ethernet Ming 1 yr Nea hts Power amp Society 41 Develop real time simulation models that can reproduce the Rea me S ry U lation odel experiment protocol Sensitivity study not shown here determined the main cause of the oscillations due to controller interactions Grid side converter Power System Model Modified Klein Rogers Kundur system Loads vary with a Gaussian white noise input plus a configurable load portion 3 1 25 km 10 20 kV TN 7 20 kV a e Simulation spectrum very similar to an actual power grid
28. u used contrary to be true is true the Scientific Method EEE _ A Power amp Energy Society We Methodology for Development of Real Time Applications in the Lab Inception and Methods Tools Design Power amp Energy Society a Methodology for Development of Real Time Applications in the Lab Hardware and software needed to test the solution Set up the chain of real time data acquisition Power amp Energy Society Test the Hypothesis How should the PMU app behave under different operating conditions Will it always work Develop real time simulation models that can reproduce the experiment protocol Set up hardware to reproduce the experiment protocol Develop an experiment protocol i e what behaviour should be detected control by the designed solution 13 Methodology for Development of Real Time Applications in the Lab Identify the Test the Hypothesis Problem ME Observe Natural ML HP CU How should the PMU app behave Phenomena muse under different operating What should the PMU _ conditions App Identify control eg hen Will it always work Modify the Hypothesis Correct the design methods or tools to meet the requirements Design the Validation Gather Results and Experiments Protocol Determine Differences Experiments Set up Experimental Validation Environment a
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