Home

TRACER 4205

1. AIS An AIS signal is a properly aligned and framed alternating one zero pattern The TRACER 4205 will transmit a blue alarm RMT to the remote equipment when an incoming alarm is received from a connected DS3 device The remote equipment should transmit the AIS yellow alarm which will be passed by the TRACER 4205 to the connected DS3 device RMT Activates when an incoming remote alarm is received from the DS3 equipment in the DS3 EOC channel bits X1 and X2 are both set to zero 46 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide Table 1 DS3 Interface Alarms Continued LOS Activates when no DS3 signal is present from the connected DS3 equipment LOS is activated after receiving 192 consecutive zeros LOF Activates when the DS3 framer loses alignment due to too many F bits or M bits in error IDLE Connected DS3 equipment is indicating that the line is not in use by transmitting a properly aligned and frame 1100 pattern gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt DS3 LINE BUILD OUT Configures the DS3 for the appropriate line buildout based on the distance to the DS3 equipment Use DSX for 0 255 feet and HIGH for distances greater than 255 feet gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt ALARM REPORTING Determines whether the TRACER 4205 unit will report active alarms If DISABLED no alarms will be displayed on this menu page The ALA
2. File Edit view Cal Transfer Help Dj ol 3 soles l Tracer 4205 System Status Elapsed Time 00004 days 21 52 53 ADTRAN Technical Support 888 423 8726 gt gt gt gt V lt lt lt lt lt lt RF UP 1 lt lt lt lt lt lt _ Local Site Remote Site Adtran TRACER Adtran TRACER Freq Plan B Freq Plan A Hin Nom Hin Nom CHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHE HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Rx Power Rx Power Hin Hax Hin Hax CHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHE CHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHE Tx Power Tx Power Connected 0 01 16 Auto detect p6008 N 1 SCROLL Cas NUM Capture Print echo NS Figure 2 TRACER System Status The top of the TRACER System Status menu page displays the elapsed time the TRACER 4205 system has been operational since the last power reset Located directly beneath the ADTRAN Technical Support phone number is a graphical indicator of the status of the TRACER 4205 DS3 and RF links as reported by both the local and remote units The DS3 labels will be reverse highlighted if any error conditions exist on that DS3 interface The status of the received radio link is indicated as RF UP or RF DOWN for each direction The left portion of the menu page reports the status of the local TRACER 4205 the system where the active terminal is attached The right portion of the screen reports the status of the remote system If the RF link is down from the remote unit to the local unit LOCAL RX LINK
3. 5 AT A GLANCE SPECIFICATIONS The following is a list of specifications for the TRACER 4205 system Hardware Description Specification Transmitter Output Power 20 dBm max Frequency Range 5725 to 5850 MHz Receiver Receive Level Range 30 to 78 dBm Receive Level Maximum 30 dBm Receive Level Nominal 50 dBm Frequency Plan Plan A Tx 5 750 GHz Rx 5 800 GHz Plan B Tx 5 800 GHz Rx 5 750 GHz DS3 Interface Capacity 44 736 Mbps Connection dual 75 Q BNC connectors Tx and Rx Line Code B3ZS Framing M13 C Bit Parity Alarms AIS Red Yellow BPVs Loopbacks Local and remote line and link User Interface Diagnostics DS3 Line and Link Loopbacks Test Points RSSI Tx PWR VT100 Terminal Interface Data Rate 9600 bps Data Bits 8 Parity None Stop Bits 1 Terminal Emulation VT100 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 31 Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TRACER 4205 System Manual Hardware Description Specification Mechanical and Environmental Operating Temperature 25 C to 65 C Size 19 W x 10 5 Dx 1 75 H Humidity 9596 Non condensing Weight 7 lbs Power Input Voltage 21 to 63 VDC either polarity referenced to ground Power Consumption 25 Watts Connector 2 pin terminal block DC Fuse 1 amp 250 Volt slow
4. 000 120 000 120 20 000 120 000 120 000 120 21 000 120 000 120 22 000 120 23 000 120 24 000 120 25 000 147 26 000 147 21 000 147 000 120 005 024 gt 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 VE 000 120 Remote p Previous Page n Next Page Connected 6 07 55 VT100 96008N 1 SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Printecho Figure 5 TRACER Link Performance History RF performance data is presented as link LNK errors which represent errored seconds received on the wireless link This is generally an indication of path or interference problems The minimum received signal level MIN RSL is represented as a numerical value from 0 to 255 with 0 corresponding to no receive power and 255 corresponding to an extremely hot signal The minimum received signal level is directly related to RSSI The error count for the most recent 24 hours are recorded and displayed on the right side of the page The left side of the page displays the 24 hour totals for the most recent 7 days Press N to view the next 8 hours worth of 15 minute totals and lt P gt to view the previous 8 hours Press 2 from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the TRACER Link Performance History menu page 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 45 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK Figure 6 shows the DS3 Status Confi
5. Department Applications Engineering 800 615 1176 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 7 Post Sale Support Your reseller should serve as the first point of contact for support If additional support is needed the ADTRAN Support web site provides a variety of support services such as a searchable knowledge base updated firmware releases latest product documentation service request ticket generation and trouble shooting tools All of this and more is available at http support adtran com When needed further post sales assistance is available by calling our Technical Support Center Please have your unit serial number available when you call Technical Support 888 4ADTRAN Installation and Maintenance Support The ADTRAN Custom Extended Services ACES program offers multiple types and levels of installation and maintenance services which allow you to choose the kind of assistance you need This support is available at http www adtran com aces For questions call the ACES Help Desk ACES Help Desk 888 874 ACES 2237 Training The Enterprise Network EN Technical Training Department offers training on our most popular products These courses include overviews on product features and functions while covering applications of ADTRAN s product lines ADTRAN provides a variety of training options including customized training and courses taught at our facilities or at your site For more information about training p
6. In contrast secondary microwave signals will be randomly dispersed over rough terrain and will not interfere with the main signal lobe as badly as in the smooth terrain case The terrain factor values normally used are listed below Terrain Terrain Factor Description Smooth 4 water flat desert Average 1 moderate roughness Mountainous 1 4 very rough mountainous 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 21 Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 4205 System Manual The climate factor is a quantity that compensates the link availability for different types of climates weather In general microwave links operating in areas with high humidity will have less availability than those in arid areas primarily because water is a dispersive mechanism to microwave energy and causes the main signal lobe to refract and disperse away from the receiver location The climate factor values normally used are listed below Climate Climate Factor Description Very Dry 1 8 desert regions Temperate 1 4 mainland interior region Humid 1 2 humid and coastal regions 22 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A ENGINEERING GUIDELINES CONTENTS Equipment Dimensions ssssss s s 24 Power Requirements oooccoooo nnn hh hh hh nn 24 Reviewing the Front Panel Design 24 RSSI Monitori
7. LEDs iiig os ee ee ee ee ee ee ee eae Pad e Ve R N dur lege 52 RE LOW LED ies eem dae RO ade We eat ha SE dou LN RES gs 53 LOS LED ERR 53 LOFLED poro 53 AISLED or e A une A AA en aie iho aw dea 54 PRA Dish d Leone odes a reete 54 BPM LEDs kl EU ERREUR REESE ER Pee ewe ee i GR a EAU ae 54 REETTOES E es ne a 54 Step by Step Troubleshooting 54 Installing Troubleshooting the TRACER Hardware 55 Installing Configuring DS3 Hardware e 56 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 51 Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 OVERVIEW This troubleshooting guide provides recommended actions for various conditions of the TRACER 4205 system The status LEDs located on the front panel of the unit provide information to help determine the necessary troubleshooting action Recommended actions for resolving possible status LED indicators are contained in this guide 2 LED INDICATORS PWR LED If the PWR LED is not ON and solid green it is an indicator that the TRACER 4205 is not receiving adequate DC power Recommended Actions 1 Verify that the power source is delivering between 21 and 63 VDC 2 Checkthe polarity of the power connection referenced to ground of both the TRACER 4205 unit and the power source 3 Checkthe internal fuse The fuse is accessed from the rear panel of the unit If this fuse is open repla
8. and Training ADTRAN will repair and return this product if within five years from the date of shipment the product does not meet its published specification or the product fails while in service A return material authorization RMA is required prior to returning equipment to ADTRAN For service RMA requests training or more information use the contact information given below Repair and Return If you determine that a repair is needed please contact our Customer and Product Service CAPS department to have an RMA number issued CAPS should also be contacted to obtain information regarding equipment currently in house or possible fees associated with repair CAPS Department 256 963 8722 Identify the RMA number clearly on the package below address and return to the following address ADTRAN Customer and Product Service 901 Explorer Blvd East Tower Huntsville Alabama 35806 RMA Pre Sales Inquiries and Applications Support Your reseller should serve as the first point of contact for support If additional pre sales support is needed the ADTRAN Support web site provides a variety of support services such as a searchable knowledge base latest product documentation application briefs case studies and a link to submit a question to an Applications Engineer All of this and more is available at http support adtran com When needed further pre sales assistance is available by calling our Applications Engineering
9. s authority to operate the equipment 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 5 Warranty and Customer Service ADTRAN will repair and return this product within five years from the date of shipment if it does not meet its published specifications or fails while in service For detailed warranty repair and return information refer to the ADTRAN Equipment Warranty and Repair and Return Policy Procedure Return Material Authorization RMA is required prior to returning equipment to ADTRAN For service RMA requests or further information contact one of the numbers listed at the end of this section LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY ADTRAN warrants that for five years from the date of shipment to Customer all products manufactured by ADTRAN will be free from defects in materials and workmanship ADTRAN also warrants that products will conform to the applicable specifications and drawings for such products as contained in the Product Manual or in ADTRAN s internal specifications and drawings for such products which may or may not be reflected in the Product Manual This warranty only applies if Customer gives ADTRAN written notice of defects during the warranty period Upon such notice ADTRAN will at its option either repair or replace the defective item If ADTRAN is unable in a reasonable time to repair or replace any equipment to a condition as warranted Customer is entitled to a full refund of the purchase price upon return of the eq
10. BPV Red solid the TRACER 4205 detects Bipolar Violations on the received signal from the connected DS3 device receiving two consecutive one bits with the same polarity LBK Amber solid the TRACER 4205 is currently in DS3 line loopback Amber flashing the TRACER 4205 is currently in DS3 link loopback 4 REVIEWING THE TRACER 4205 REAR PANEL DESIGN The TRACER 4205 rear panel contains the following interfaces ALARM interface terminal block for connecting to an external alarm monitoring system DC PoweR terminal block for connecting to a proper 21 63 VDC power source DS3 IN and OuT BNC interfaces for connecting to a DS3 device Antenna N Type connector for the antenna feedline cable Ground lug for connecting to earth ground RS 232 DB 25 female for connecting to a VT100 terminal or PC with terminal emulation software Figure 2 on page 27 identifies the various features of the TRACER 4205 rear panel A detailed discussion of all interfaces including pinouts where applicable follows the figure 26 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 3 Engineering Guidelines DS3 Out RS232 Interface DC Power VT100 Terminal Transmit Connection Antenna M Jo POWER 21 63V o y OO HBO r v ind BER DS3 In Alari Fuse Ground Receive Contacts Lug Figure 2 TRACER 4205 Rear Panel Layout Antenna Interface The ANTENNA interface N Type connector connects to the
11. ERROR will be displayed If the RF link is down from the local unit to the remote unit or if the RF link status cannot be determined REMOTE RX LINK ERROR will be displayed 40 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide Wor Press lt 0 gt from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the TRACER System Status page gt TRACER SYSTEM STATUS gt FREQUENCY PLAN Displays the frequency plan A or B for the TRACER 4205 unit For an operational TRACER 4205 system the local and remote units should display opposite frequency plans gt TRACER SYSTEM STATUS gt SITE Displays the site name configured from the TRACER System Configuration page gt TRACER SYSTEM STATUS gt RX POWER Displays the approximate receiver levels for both the local and remote units using a series of symbols The more symbols displayed the stronger the signal If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable DATA NOT AVAILABLE is displayed in place of the symbols gt TRACER SYSTEM STATUS gt TX POWER Displays the approximate transmitter levels for both the local and remote units using a series of symbols The more symbols displayed the stronger the signal If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable DATA NOT AVAILABLE is displayed in place of the symbols 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 41 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRAC
12. L incorporates all other signal power losses in the microwave link most of which are caused by antenna feed 4 ANTENNA GAIN Best performance will result from the use of a parabolic dish antenna Antenna gain is determined by the size of the dish with typical features detailed below Dish manufatureres will be able to supply gains for other types of antennas Table 1 Antenna Gain for Given Dish Diameters Dish Diameter Gain in feet in dBi 2 28 5 4 34 2 6 37 5 8 40 7 10 42 5 12 44 2 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 15 Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 4205 System Manual 5 PATH LOSS The expression 4nd _ 4ndf LRR um c where carrier frequency Hz carrier wavelength c f meters path distance meters speed of light free space meters a amp gt is called the path loss and increases rapidly as either path length increases or carrier wavelength decreases which happens as the carrier frequency increases So longer microwave paths will naturally experience more path loss than shorter paths Likewise higher frequency microwave communication will experience more path loss than lower frequency microwave communication Table 1 tabulates path loss values for various path lengths for the TRACER 4205 system Values not listed in the table can be interpolated from those listed Table 2 Path Loss for Given Path Lengths Path Length Path Loss
13. Path Engineering Basics Explains the basics of analyzing a wireless microwave link or path The significant parameters are defined and several recommendations are offered Engineering Guidelines Provides information to assist network designers with incorporating the TRACER 4205 system into their networks Network Turnup Procedure Provides step by step instructions on how to install the TRACER 4205 unit determine the parameters for the system install the network and option modules and power up the system User Interface Guide Explains the terminal interface and provides a description for each of the menus available for the TRACER 4205 system Troubleshooting Guide Provides helpful information for troubleshooting common configuration problems for the TRACER 4205 system Revision History This 19 the first issue of this manual 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 3 man Notes provide additional useful information dl Cautions signify information that could prevent service interruption Warnings provide information that could prevent damage to the equipment or 6 W ARNING endangerment to human life Safety Instructions When using your telephone equipment please follow these basic safety precautions to reduce the risk of fire electrical shock or personal injury 1 Do not use this product near water such as a bathtub wash bowl kitchen sink laundry tub in a wet basement or near a swimming po
14. gt gt gt gt TK i Local Remote i TX lt Wal lt lt lt lt lt lt UP ge as 1 lt RK Figure 7 DS3 Link Loopback 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 47 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt LOOP NORMAL STATE gt LINE Activates a loopback at the TRACER 4205 DS3 framer towards the locally connected DS3 equipment see Figure 8 Use the LINE loopback to test data path integrity from the TRACER 4205 unit to the DS3 equipment RX gt gt gt gt gt gt RF gt gt gt gt gt gt gt TK Local VANA Remote TX UP lt lt lt Figure 8 DS3 Line Loopback gt DS3 PERFORMANCE HISTORY Figure 5 shows the DS3 Performance History menu page The DS3 Performance History menu page displays detailed error statistics for the DS3 link from both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units in 15 minute increments Tracer HyperTerminal E ini xi File Edit View Call Transfer Help DS3 Performance History 24 Hour Registers 15 Minute Registers ES SES ES SES ES SES ES SES 842 842 841 84 Q 900 17 900 900 900 900 9 00 18 900 900 900 900 19 900 900 900 900 20 900 900 900 900 21 900 900 900 22 900 900 900 23 900 900 900 24 900 25 900 26 900 21 900 28 900 900 900 900 900 900 i e 900 LR 900 A Local
15. input from the TRACER System Status menu page when connecting to the unit When configured for Password protection the TRACER 4205 closes any terminal session that remains inactive for more than 10 minutes The TRACER 4205 comes factory programmed with PASSWORD ENABLE set to DISABLED 2 TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt PASSWORD Sets the password for password protection of the TRACER 4205 VT100 terminal interface Enter up to 8 alphanumeric characters The system password is case sensitive Won The default password for the TRACER 4205 is tracer gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt PERFORMANCE STATS CLEAR Activator to reset all system error counters for the TRACER 4205 44 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide gt TRACER Link PERFORMANCE HISTORY Figure 5 shows the TRACER Link Performance History menu page The TRACER Link Performance History menu page displays detailed error statistics for the RF link from both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units in 15 minute increments Tracer HyperTerminal 10 xl File Edit View Call Transfer Help Link Performance History 24 Hour Registers 15 Minute Registers MIN MIN MIN MIN MIN MIN LNK RSL LNK RSL LNK RSL LNK RSL LNK RSL LNK RSL 00005 00024 00005 00024 lt gt 000 141 000 141 1 000 120 000 120 17 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 120 18 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 120 19 000 120 000 120
16. miles dB 1 112 2 118 3 121 4 124 5 126 6 127 7 129 8 130 9 131 10 132 11 133 12 133 13 134 14 135 15 135 16 136 17 136 18 137 19 137 16 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics Table 2 Path Loss for Given Path Lengths Path Length Path Loss miles dB 20 138 21 138 22 139 23 139 24 139 25 140 When using decibel notation the received power equation becomes Pp DL Gr Gr L 20 log 294 dBm C or Pp Pr Gr Gr L Lp dBm Where in the second equation the path loss has been lumped into a single quantity Lp as discussed previously When using decibel notation it is necessary that all quantities are individually converted to decibels prior to performing addition and subtraction When d is expressed in miles and fin GHz the path loss expression in decibels becomes Lp 96 6 20 log y d 20 log f dB Figure 1 illustrates a wireless link containing all of the parameters previously discussed 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 17 Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 4205 System Manual Figure 1 Example Microwave Path with Parameters 6 ANTENNA ALIGNMENT With line of sight microwave communications optimum system performance requires that the transmitting and receiving antennas are properly aligned This will ensure maximum received signal power at each recei
17. voltage level present at the RSSI test point represents only a relative signal level of receive strength from the far end No direct correlation can be made between RSSI voltage man levels and actual receive levels in dBm This test point is provided to assess relative signal level for alignment of antennas 24 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TX PWR Monitoring Interface The TX PWR voltage is a function of the selected transmit power level This voltage ranges approximately from 0 to 5V with OV corresponding to 5 dBm 3 milliwatts and 5V corresponding to 20 dBm 100 milliwatts Front Panel LEDs With the TRACER 4205 powered on the front panel LEDs provide visual information about the status of the TRACER 4205 system Table 1 provides a brief description of the front panel features and Table 2 continued on page 27 provides detailed information about the LEDs Table 1 TRACER 4205 Front Panel Description Feature Description DS3 Loopback Switch Allows quick activation deactivation of DS3 line loopbacks RSSI Interface DC voltage indicating strength of the received signal at the antenna TX PWR Interface DC voltage indicating strength of transmitted signal GND Interface Ground reference for RSSI and TX PWR Interfaces Status LEDs Provides status information about the system Table 2 TRACER 4205 LEDs For these LEDs This co
18. 12 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 11 Section 1 System Description TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW The ADTRAN TRACER 4205 wireless data system provides transparent extension of DS3 circuits over wireless links for up to 25 miles line of sight path required As authorized under Part 15 247 of the FCC Rules the TRACER 4205 operates license free in the 5 8 GHz industrial scientific and medical ISM band requiring no FCC licensing of end users For configuration and testing the TRACER 4205 provides the capability to control the remote TRACER 4205 through a separate maintenance channel The TRACER 4205 has several built in test capabilities including remote loopback Complete configuration and performance data is available through menus accessed using a standard RS 232 terminal interface 2 FEATURES AND BENEFITS The following is a brief list of TRACER 42095 features and benefits Configuration and Management e Easy to use VT100 control port RS 232 interface for configuration and monitoring e Remote configuration Operational e Transparent DS3 transmission over digital microwave link e No license required per FCC Rules Part 15 247 e Frequency 5 725 to 5 850 GHz Point to point up to 25 miles e 1 U high unit for easy rack mounting 12 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A MICROWAVE PATH ENGINEERING BASICS CONTENTS LN A A T LAR dust 14 Decibels lt 5 dica A LR TE T AA ee Da Pea R KN N
19. ACER Main Menu Rev A Elapsed Time 00000 days 07 12 33 TRACER Status Pagel TRRCER System Configuration Menu TRRCER Link Performance History DS3 Status Configuration Loopback Menu DS3 Performance History Press Menu Number or arrow keys Move Up and Down space Select Connected 5 52 53 NTHO fcooeN SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Print echo Z Figure 1 Main Menu Screen 38 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide Navigating using the Keyboard Keys You can use various keystrokes to move through the terminal menu to manage a terminal menu session and to configure the system Moving through the Menus To do this Press this key Move up to select items Up Arrow Move down to select items Down Arrow Edit a selected menu item Enter Scroll through configuration parameters for a menu item Spacebar Left Right Arrows P or N Prev Next Cancel an edit Escape Return to Main Menu page M Session Management Keystrokes To do this Press this key Log into a session Spacebar Refresh the screen lt Ctrl L gt To save time only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed This option should only be necessary if the display picks up incorrect characters 2 TERMINAL MENU AND SYSTEM CONTROL Password Protection The TRACER 4205 provides optional password protection of th
20. ADRAN TRACER 4205 System Manual 12804205L1A TRACER 4205 System Plan A 12804205L1B TRACER 4205 System Plan B 612804205L1 1A August 2002 Trademarks Any brand names and product names included in this manual are trademarks registered trademarks or trade names of their respective holders To the Holder of the Manual The contents of this manual are current as of the date of publication ADTRAN reserves the right to change the contents without prior notice In no event will ADTRAN be liable for any special incidental or consequential damages or for commercial losses even if ADTRAN has been advised thereof as a result of issue of this publication ADRAN 901 Explorer Boulevard P O Box 140000 Huntsville AL 35814 4000 Phone 256 963 8000 2002 ADTRAN Inc All Rights Reserved Printed in U S A About this Manual This manual provides a complete description of the TRACER 4205 system and system software The purpose of this manual is to provide the technician system administrator and manager with general and specific information related to the planning installation operation and maintenance of the TRACER 4205 This manual is arranged so that needed information can be quickly and easily found The following is an overview of the contents Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 4205 System Description Provides managers with an overview of the TRACER 4205 system Microwave
21. E 14 Receiver Power aii 23 sae i ee A RR K RN RN e RR xx 14 Antenna Gain lt a eo Me Siege See TAE ERA A sl 15 Path LOSS mE 16 Antenna Alignment x e x e x x x e x K e K K eee 18 Antenna Beam Patterns hn 19 Fresnel Zones Earth Curvature amp Antenna Heights 19 Coaxial Cable cre 6 a 9 32d Ta a RTE RR a E RE eee hee ee ee 20 Receiver Sensitivity 22 21 Ra R R R N A R RRR ea R N N RRR ae RRR R RRR RN mnn 21 Irene 21 Path Availability Len cons be ited Bek eae Se ee eS te aren E ee EE et SE 21 FIGURES Figure 1 Example Microwave Path with Parameters 18 Figure 2 Typical Antenna Beam Pattern 19 TABLES Table 1 Antenna Gain for Given Dish Diameters 15 Table 2 Path Loss for Given Path Lengths 16 Table 3 Minimum Antenna Height for Given Path Lengths 20 Table 4 Typical Coaxial Loss for Common Cable Types per 100ft naaaaaa naana 20 612804205L1 1A O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 13 Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 LINE OF SITE The TRACER 4205 system is designed for operation in the 5725 MHz to 5850 MHz license free industrial scientific and medical ISM band Radio wave propagation in this band exhibits microwave characteristics which are ideally suited for point to p
22. ER 4205 System Manual gt MAIN MENU The TRACER 4205 Main Menu page provides access to all other configuration status pages Figure 3 shows the TRACER Main Menu page ioix File Edit View Call Transfer Help Dl ela ol TRACER Main Menu Rev Elapsed Time 00000 days 07 12 33 TRACER Status Page TRACER System Configuration Menu TRACER Link Performance History DS3 Status Configuration Loopback Menu DS3 Performance History Press Menu Number or arrow keys Move Up and Down space Select Connected 5 52 59 VH ssooeN1 SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Print echo Figure 3 Main Menu Use the up and down arrow keys to scroll through the available pages or enter the number of the selected page to highlight the menu page and press lt Enter gt Press M from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the TRACER Main Menu page 42 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION Figure 4 shows the TRACER System Configuration menu page System configuration parameters for both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units are available through this menu page Tracer HyperTerminal B lolx File Edit View Call Transfer Help DIS ss 018 Tracer 4205 System Configuration Elapsed Time 00000 days 07 26 27 Min N Min Rx Power CHHHHHHHHHH CHHHHHHHHHH Min Hax Hin Max Tx Power COHHHHHHHHHHHH
23. HHHHHHHE CHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHE Site Name Adtran TRACER Adtran TRACER Modem Control Disabled Disabled Modem Connection Logout Password Enable Disabled Disabled Password joe Performance Stats Clear Connected 6 06 53 vr100 fseooen SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Print echo Figure 4 TRACER System Configuration Press lt I gt from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the TRACER System Configuration menu page gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt RX POWER Displays the approximate receiver levels for both the local and remote units using a series of symbols The more symbols displayed the stronger the signal If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable DATA NOT AVAILABLE is displayed in place of the symbols This parameter is display only gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt TX POWER Allows the transmitter levels for both the local and remote units to be adjusted The current transmitter level is displayed using a series of symbols The more symbols displayed the stronger the signal If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable DATA NOT AVAILABLE is displayed in place of the symbols TRACER RF link Reducing the transmitter power of the remote TRACER 4205 could negatively impact the UT 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 43 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
24. RM REPORTING parameter is independently configured for the local and remote TRACER 4205 units When disabled the front panel LED alarms will also be disabled OFF gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt SIGNALING Configures the framing format for the DS3 link for both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units The TRACER 4205 transparently transports DS3 data across the link as long as the DS3 signal is properly timed Configure the framing format using the SIGNALING menu to enable the TRACER 4205 to monitor incoming framing error events and indicate problems with the attached metallic service The TRACER 4205 supports both M13 and C BIT parity modes gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt LINE CODE Sets the line coding for the DS3 link The TRACER 4205 supports only B3ZS line coding gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt LOOP NORMAL STATE Controls the loop status of the DS3 link Activates deactivates loopback conditions for testing purposes gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt LOOP NORMAL STATE gt NORMAL The DS3 link is in normal data transport mode there are no active loopbacks gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt LOOP NORMAL STATE gt LINK Activates a loopback at the TRACER 4205 DS3 framer towards the wireless link see Figure 7 Use the LINK loopback to test data path integrity from one unit across the wireless link RX gt gt gt gt gt gt gt RF gt gt gt gt gt
25. SED 22 RI RING INDICATOR 23 25 UNUSED Table 6 TRACER 4205 DCE to Terminal DTE Diagram DB 25 PIN NAME PIN NAME 2 TX _ 2 TX 3 RX q 3 RX 4 RTS f 4 RTS 5 CTS d 5 CTS 6 DSR 6 DSR 7 GND lt P 7 GND Table 7 TRACER 4205 DCE to Personal Computer DB 9 PIN NAME PIN NAME 2 TX 4 b 2 TX 3 RX 3 RX 4 RTS 4 7 RTS 5 CTS 4 8 CTS 6 DSR lt B 6 DSR 7 GND B 5 GND 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 29 Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TRACER 4205 System Manual RS 232 Connection Modem Use Modem controls discussed in Section 5 User Interface Guide of this manual will enable or disable modem control through the RS 232 interface When this option is enabled from a standard terminal connection all RS 232 communications will cease until a modem is attached with a null modem adapter between the TRACER 4205 and the data modem The data modem should be configured for AUTO ANSWER and 9600 bps When the user connects via modem to the TRACER 4205 unit communications via the RS 232 port will resume If a user accidentally enables modem control from a terminal and disrupts the RS 232 communication pressing lt Ctrl Z gt three times will temporarily disable the modem control option until the system is reset and access the system configuration to disable modem control The TRACER 4205 must be interfa
26. ace on the TRACER 4205 2 Verify that the DS3 Out interface on the TRACER 4205 is connected to the transmit interface of the DS3 equipment 3 Verify that the DS3 In interface on the TRACER 4205 is connected to the receive interface of the DS3 equipment Verify the connections at the opposite end of the DS3 cable Verify that the framing mode C Bit or M13 parity is the same for both the TRACER 4205 and the DS3 equipment 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 53 Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual AIS LED An AIS Alarm when indicated at the TRACER 4205 by a solid red AIS LED is generated by the attached equipment in response to an error condition The root cause must be determined at the attached equipment A typical cause of an AIS alarm is a lack of input to a CSU Recommended Actions 1 Verify the input to any attached data equipment RAI LED A Remote Alarm when indicated at the TRACER 4205 by a solid Red RAI LED is generated by the attached equipment When the 4205 s DS3 interface experiences a LOF or LOS error the TRACER 4205 will transmit an AIS Alarm to the remote equipment The remote equipment should respond with a Remote alarm Recommended Actions 1 Follow the troubleshooting steps for the LOS Alarm but do so at the attached equipment BPV LED If the BPV LED is ON solid Red at time of incident a Bipolar Violation BPV has occurred BPVs indicate an improper configurati
27. ally connected to COM This allows alarm conditions to be reported to external alarm monitoring systems Connector type Terminal Block Table 4 Alarm Contact Connector Pinout PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 1 COM COMMON CONTACT NO NORMALLY OPEN CONTACT NC NORMALLY CLOSED CONTACT DS3 In and Out Connection The physical DS3 interface is provided by a pair of 75 Q BNC connectors for transmit and receive Win The shielding on both BNC connectors are grounded per ANSI T1 404 RS 232 Connection Terminal Use The RS 232 connector provides a female DB 25 terminal connection wired as a DCE interface which is used for terminal access to the TRACER 4205 system The RS 232 port provides the following functions e Accepts EIA 232 input from a PC or terminal for controlling the TRACER 4205 system e Operates at 9600 bps Table 5 on page 29 shows the pinout Wiring diagrams for connecting to the RS 232 connector for various applications are provided following the pinout 28 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 3 Engineering Guidelines Connector type USOC DB 25 Table 5 RS 232 Connection Pinout PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 1 7 GND GROUND 2 TX TRANSMIT 3 RX RECEIVE 4 RTS REQUEST TO SEND 5 CTS CLEAR TO SEND 6 DSR DATA SET READY MODEM CONTROL ONLY 8 CD CARRIER DETECT 9 19 UNUSED 20 DTR DATA TERMINAL READY MODEM CONTROL ONLY 21 UNU
28. and should be fastened to the grounding lug provided on the rear panel of the equipment The ring terminal should be installed using the appropriate crimping tool AMP P N 59250 T EAD Crimping Tool or equivalent TRACER 4205 RE The supplemental equipment grounding terminal is located on the rear panel of the 6 SUPPLYING POWER TO THE UNIT The TRACER 4205 can operate from a supply between 21 and 63 VDC with either polarity referenced to ground Power supplies should be able to provide up to 30 watts at the selected voltage A dual pin terminal plug accepts power at the rear panel of the unit providing a and polarity reference point Adapters for this plug are available P N 1175043L2 and are furnished with the unit and optional power supply P N 1280650L 1 7 MOUNTING OPTIONS Install the TRACER 42065 in a location that requires minimal antenna feedline length the loss in this cable directly affects overall system performance The TRACER 4205 is designed to be mounted in a rack If multiple units are installed in one location one half inch of spacing is recommended above and below the unit 8 CONNECTING THE DS3 INTERFACE The physical DS3 interface is provided using a pair of 75 2 BNC connectors for transmit and receive Using standard coaxial cable connect the DS3 OUT interface of the TRACER 4205 to the receive data interface of the DS3 equipment Connect the DS3 IN interface of the TRACER 4205 to the transmit data inter
29. antenna customer supplied using standard antenna feedline cable When determining the cable specifications for your application refer to Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics Coaxial Cable on page 20 for a discussion on cable length and loss factors Fuse The fuse holder accessible from the rear panel of the TRACER 4205 accepts a generic 1 Amp 2 inch slow blo fuse DC Power Connection The TRACER 4205 can operate from a supply between 21 and 63 VDC with either polarity referenced to ground and consumes less than 25 Watts W Power supplies should be able to provide up to 30 W at the selected voltage Current required in amps is determined by dividing the power consumed in watts by the applied voltage in volts For example at 48 V TRACER 4205 would draw approximately 0 52 A 25 W 48 V Connector type Terminal Block Table 3 DC Power Connector Pinout PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 1 POSITIVE LEAD referenced to ground 2 NEGATIVE LEAD referenced to ground 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 27 Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TRACER 4205 System Manual Alarm Contacts Normally open NO and normally closed NC alarm contacts are provided on the rear panel of the TRACER 4205 system In normal operation the NC contact is electrically connected to the common contact COM and the NO contact is isolated During an alarm condition the NC contact becomes isolated and the NO is electric
30. blo fuse 2 inch 32 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A NETWORK TURNUP PROCEDURE CONTENTS Introduction A A id 34 Tools Required coi ad 34 Unpack and Inspect the System 34 Contents of ADTRAN Shipment 34 Customer Provides os riter rat eo Re RR dote RR RD GR d ht e oer ture 34 Channel Selection 22 e mc im Ix RR REEF dents x NEUE vee ti 35 Grounding Instructions 122 ulcer ell I xa des Re korr mr ee T 35 Supplying Power to the Unit 36 Mounting Options iodo recse Fics Re desde ae mage ete e Pan rentes RE RR TER 36 Connecting the DS3 Interface 36 FIGURES Figure 1 Bandwidth Division 35 6128042051 1 14 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 33 Section 4 Network Turnup Procedure TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 INTRODUCTION This section discusses the installation process of the TRACER 4205 system NG Changes or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user s W ARNE authority to operate the equipment 2 TOOLS REQUIRED The tools required for the installation of the TRACER 4205 are e VTIOO terminal or PC with terminal emulation software e RS 232 DB 25 male for TRACER 4205 end cable for connecting to terminal storm To prevent electrical shock do not in
31. ce with a 1Amp 250 Volt 2 inch slow blo fuse TST LED The TST will remain ON solid Amber during power up to indicate a self test is in progress If the TST LED is blinking or remains ON after 10 seconds this indicates that the TRACER 4205 unit has failed self test This is an internal failure and ADTRAN technical support should be contacted RF DOWN LED If the RF DOWN LED is ON solid Red it is an indicator that there is a problem with the RF link to the TRACER 4205 Recommended Actions 1 Check the RF coaxial cable connection 2 Measure the RSSI voltage If the signal is acceptable 2 0 VDC at RSSI test point go to Step 6 3 Verify that one end of the link is configured as Plan A and the other end is Plan B 4 Verify that the antenna polarization is the same at both ends of the RF signal transmit and receive path 5 Verify the RF signal path is clear Check for possible interference at both ends of the link If necessary change polarization and or Band Plans at both ends 7 Checkthe integrity of lightning arrestors 52 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide RF LOW LED If the RF LOW LED is ON solid Red it is an indicator that the received signal is within 10 dB approximately of the minimum operable signal This condition is typically indicative of a path problem Recommended Actions 1 Verify the far end transmitter power setting is t
32. ced to a modem via an RS 232 null modem adapter or cable The null modem will convert Clear To Send CTS and Data Set Ready DSR into Ready To Send RTS and Data Terminal Ready DTR respectively These signals will indicate to most modems that a valid DTE terminal device is present The null modem interface must route Carrier Detect CD on pin 8 directly from the modem and the modem must source CD only when actually connected to a carrier when using the RS 232 interface for modem control When MODEM CONNECTION is selected in the menu system the TRACER 4205 will de assert DTR and DSR for a time greater than 20 ms The null modem will consequently drop DTR and RTS at the modem interface signaling the modem to hang up the line If password functionality is enabled in the TRACER 4205 selecting MODEM CONNECTION logout will reset the TRACER 4205 to the password entry screen Win Hangup on DTR drop may need to be explicitly enabled on some modems Table 8 contains the wiring diagram needed for connecting the TRACER 4205 RS 232 interface to a modem using the null modem adapter Table 8 TRACER 4205 DCE to Modem DCE PIN NAME PIN NAME 2 TX 4u 3 RX 3 RX lt 2 TX 4 RTS 5 CTS 5 CTS 4 RTS 6 DSR 4 20 DTR 7 GND 7 GND 8 CD 4 9 8 CD 30 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 3 Engineering Guidelines
33. e terminal interface If enabled a password prompt is presented at power up reboot modem logout or after ten minutes of inactivity on the terminal Password protection is enabled and a password is defined via the system configuration menu man All TRACER 4205 systems are shipped factory default with password protection disabled If the password is forgotten physical access to the TRACER 4205 unit is required to access the terminal interface The password may be bypassed by pressing the DS3 LBK button while the system is rebooted This disabled the password and will initialize the TRACER 4205 system status menu to allow the password to be changed via the configuration screen service affecting de Rebooting the unit to bypass password protection and redefine the installed password is UT 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 39 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual 3 MENU DESCRIPTIONS The remainder of this section describes the TRACER 4205 menus and submenus The menu structure of the TRACER 4205 system is depicted below as follows MENU PAGE gt MENU PAGE gt MENU SELECTION gt MENU PAGE gt MENU SELECTION gt SUB MENU gt TRACER SYSTEM STATUS Figure 2 shows the TRACER System Status menu page Status of major system components for both sides of the TRACER link are displayed but no configuration can be performed from this view lt TRACER 4305 HyperTerminal 3 lol x
34. e the equipment 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 9 FCC Output Power Restrictions The FCC does not require licensing to implement this device It is the responsibility of the individuals designing and implementing the radio system to assure compliance with these and any other pertinent FCC Rules and Regulations This device must be professionally installed Exposure to Radio Frequency Fields The TRACER 4205 is designed to operate at 5 725 to 5 850 GHz with 100 mW maximum transmit power This level of RF energy is below the Maximum Permissible Exposure MPE levels specified in FCC OET 65 97 01 The installation of high gain antenna equipment in the system configuration may create the opportunity for exposure to levels higher than recommended for the general population at a distance less than 15 feet 4 6 meter from the center of the antenna The following precautions must be taken during installation of this equipment e The installed antenna must not be located in a manner that allows exposure of the general population to the direct beam path of the antenna at a distance less than 15 feet 4 6 meters Installation on towers masts or rooftops not accessible to the general population is recommended or e Mount the antenna in a manner that prevents any personnel from entering the area within 15 feet 4 6 meter from the front of the antenna e tis recommended that the installer place radio frequency hazard warnings signs on the bar
35. e with the antenna chosen for the installation which is usually also an N type male connector plug Additionally it is recommended that both connectors on the coaxial cable be weatherproofed from the elements to prevent corrosion and electrical shorting Table 3 gives typical loss figures for some of the more common coaxial cable types per 100 feet Table 4 Typical Coaxial Loss for Common Cable Types per 100ft Cable Type Cable Loss dB ft RG 213 RG 214 RG 293 20 1 4 Coax 11 36 3 8 Coax 9 65 1 2 Coax 6 49 5 8 Coax 4 90 RG 58 RG 8 air foam Not Recommended 7 8 1 1 4 1 5 8 Coax Not Recommended 5 8 GHz Elliptical Waveguide 1 23 In certain areas where lightning strikes are frequent a lightning arrestor should be installed directly on the antenna coax This will help protect the RF electronics in the downstream path from damaging voltages and currents including the TRACER 4205 unit 20 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics 8 RECEIVER SENSITIVITY Receiver sensitivity is a value expressed in decibels referenced to one milliwatt dBm that corresponds to the minimum amount of signal power needed at the receiver to achieve a given bit error rate BER Receiver sensitivity is usually a negative number of decibels and as such smaller receiver sensitivity is better for a given BER Several factors affect receive
36. face of the DS3 equipment 36 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A USER INTERFACE GUIDE CONTENTS Navigating the Terminal Menu 38 Terminal Menu Window circo ax Heard Xa Trae ER RR RP eiae NR ed Seals 38 Navigating using the Keyboard Keys 39 Terminal Menu and System Control 39 Password Protection o c e r R a cece ete RR ns 39 Menu Descriptions A ee in 40 gt TRACER System Status 40 Malm Menu iue e AA A a 42 gt TRACER System Configuration 43 gt I RACER Link Performance History 45 gt DS3 Status Configuration Loopback 46 gt DS3 Performance HIStory sasas rara aaa de Dee ERRA 48 FIGURES Figure 1 Main Menu Seredne sitene biei kea KARE RR E Z 38 Figure 2 TRACER System Status 40 Figure 3 Main Menus wkend soca eda acest ee das A aa 42 Figure 4 TRACER System Configuration 43 Figure 5 TRACER Link Performance History llle 45 Figure 6 DS3 Status Configuration Loopback 46 Figure 7 DS3 Link Loopback 47 Fig
37. gt 1 2 3 4 5 6 E 8 E des EEN I Kek Ked more Connected 6 03 28 vr100 6oo8n1 SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Print echo 7 Figure 9 DS3 Link Performance History DS3 performance data is presented as Errored Seconds ES and Severely Errored Seconds SES on the DS3 link The following events qualify as an ES AIS LOS or LOF Alarm Second a single BPV or excessive zero event or a single parity bit An SES is caused by an AIS LOS or LOF Alarm Second or excessive Bipolar Violations BPVs or framed Parity Bit errors causing a line Bit Error Rate BER of 10 9 48 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 5 User Interface Guide The error count for the most recent 24 hours are recorded and displayed on the right side of the page The left side of the page displays the 24 hour totals for the most recent 7 days Wn Press N to view the next 8 hours worth of 15 minute totals and P to view the previous 8 hours Press 4 from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the DS3 Link Performance History menu page 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 49 Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual 50 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE CONTENTS Overview K A A K NA A RAE AA eMe iS 52 LED Indicators a A rd 52 PWR LED Sei aoe e ed De A A a ee chee ae 52 TS VED a EM 52 RE DOWN
38. gt SITE NAME Enter up to 32 alphanumeric characters to be displayed for identification of the TRACER 4205 system gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt MODEM CONTROL Configures the modem control leads on the RS 232 port terminal interface located on the rear panel of the unit Set MODEM CONTROL to ENABLED when connecting the unit to a modem using a null modem adapter Setting MODEM CONTROL to DISABLED prevents the TRACER 4205 from monitoring DCD and enables data to be sent to the VT 100 continuously MODEM CONTROL must be set to DISABLED when the V T100 terminal is in use The TRACER 4205 comes factory programmed with MODEM CONTROL set to DISABLED CONTROL when the modem control leads are active Won Press lt Ctrl Z gt three times from the terminal interface to temporarily disable MODEM gt TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt MODEM CONNECTION LOGOUT Activator to cause the TRACER 4205 to de assert Clear To Send CTS and DSR for a time greater than 20 milliseconds This signals the modem to disconnect the analog connection Hangup On DTR Drop may need to be explicitly enabled on some modems If PASSWORD PROTECTION is ENABLED this menu also causes the unit to close the current session and return to the TRACER System Status menu page and wait for password input 2 TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION gt PASSWORD ENABLE Configures password protection for the VT100 terminal interface Password protection for the TRACER 4205 requires password
39. guration Loopback menu page Real time graphical representation for the DS3 link using data from both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units is displayed on this page DS3 operational configuration parameters and testing functions are configured from this menu BSE File Edit View Call Transfer Help BIS 513 018 e DS3 Status Configuration Loopback RK gt f Local TK lt lt lt lt lt lt lt RE ININININ Remote UP gt TX lt RX Local Tracer Remote Tracer DS3 Interface Alarms DU LOS DS3 Line Build Out DSK Alarm Reporting Enabled Enabled Signaling M13 M13 Line Code B378 B378 Loop Normal State Normall Normal Connected 6 08 37 voo 9600 8 N 1 Figure 6 DS3 Status Configuration Loopback Press 3 from any menu in the TRACER 4205 VT100 menu structure to access the DS3 Status Configuration Loopback menu page gt DS3 STATUS CONFIGURATION LOOPBACK gt DS3 INTERFACE ALARMS Displays any active alarms on the DS3 link reported from both the local and remote TRACER 4205 units These alarms include Red Blue Yellow AIS and bipolar violations BPV See Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide for more information on these alarms Table 1 DS3 Interface Alarms BPV Activates when the incoming DS3 stream presents bipolar violations BPVs BPVs are received when two consecutive one bits are the same polarity
40. he value that the link planning budget allows 2 Check all coaxial cable connectors for solid connections Check for water and corrosion around any of the connectors Verify the RF signal path by verifying the antenna alignment Check the integrity of the cable plant Check the integrity of lightning arrestors LOS LED If the LOS LED is ON solid Red it is an indicator that the TRACER 4205 is unable to detect a viable DS3 received signal from the connected DS3 equipment This error may be due to a degraded signal or no signal or is may be caused by improper framing Recommended Actions 1 Verify that the DS3 Coaxial cable is connected to the DS3 interface on the TRACER 4205 2 Verify that the DS3 Out interface on the TRACER 4205 is connected to the transmit interface of the DS3 equipment 3 Verify that the DS3 In interface on the TRACER 4205 is connected to the receive interface of the DS3 equipment Verify the connections at the opposite end of the DS3 cable Verify that the framing mode C Bit or M13 parity is the same for both the TRACER 4205 and the DS3 equipment LOF LED If the LOF LED is ON solid Red it is an indicator that the TRACER 4205 is unable to detect a viable framing pattern from the connected DS3 equipment This error may be due to a degraded incoming signal or improper framing coming from the attached equipment Recommended Actions 1 Verify that the DS3 Coaxial cable is connected to the DS3 interf
41. hment plug receptacles in the vicinity of the product or system are all to be of a grounding type and the equipment grounding conductors serving these receptacles are to be connected to earth ground at the service equipment A supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be installed between the product or system and ground that is in addition to the equipment grounding conductor in the power supply cord 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 35 Section 4 Network Turnup Procedure TRACER 4205 System Manual The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall not be smaller in size than the ungrounded branch circuit supply conductors The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be connected to the product at the terminal provided and shall be connected to ground in a manner that will retain the ground connection when the product is unplugged from the receptacle The connection to ground of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be in compliance with the rules for terminating bonding jumpers at Part K or Article 250 of the National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 Termination of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor is permitted to be made to building steel to a metal electrical raceway system or to any grounded item that is permanently and reliably connected to the electrical service equipment ground The supplemental grounding conductor shall be connected to the equipment using a number 8 ring terminal
42. ision To designate the utilization of the ISM bandwidth there are two different channel plans labeled A and B The letter of each channel plan setting is preset by the factory and refers to the physical configuration of the diplexer filter inside the environmental housing The transmitter at one end of the link will transmit in the lower portion of the spectrum and receive in the upper portion Consequently the receiver at the other end should receive in the lower portion and transmit in the upper portion There is one rule for successful TRACER 4205 configuration 1 The letter of the channel plan must be different on both ends Shipment of a link will consist of one Plan A and Plan B unit 5 GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS The following provides grounding instruction information from the Underwriters Laboratory UL 60950 Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment of December 2000 An equipment grounding conductor that is not smaller in size than the ungrounded branch circuit supply conductors is to be installed as part of the circuit that supplies the product or system Bare covered or insulated grounding conductors are acceptable Individually covered or insulated equipment grounding conductors shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green or green with one or more yellow stripes The equipment grounding conductor is to be connected to ground at the service equipment The attac
43. lease contact Adtran Technical support at any stage during installation and or troubleshooting if you require assistance 5 INSTALLING TROUBLESHOOTING THE TRACER HARDWARE 1 Perform a detailed path profile for each TRACER 4205 microwave link A thorough path study can be used to estimate signal power budgets fade margins at each receiver identity potential line of site obstacles properly size antenna dishes and determine minimum antenna dish heights above the earth 2 Setup all of the TRACER hardware on a work bench It is also recommended that the actual cables to be used in the permanent installation be used in the work bench setup A rigorous work bench simulation of the link will help you alleviate and avoid time consuming errors 3 Examine the PLAN A and PLAN Blights on the front panel of each unit These LEDs indicate the frequency plan for each TRACER 4205 unit The frequency plan PLAN A PLAN B LED should be the opposite on both TRACER 4205 units 4 Attach the RF coaxial cables to be used in the permanent installation to the N type connectors on the base of the TRACER 4205 unit Attach the other end of the coaxial cable s to an RF power meter or spectrum analyzer if either is available The power measured by the meter analyzer will be the RF power available at the input of the antenna The TRACER 4205 unit is programmed at the factory to output approximately 100 mW 20 dBm of 5 8 GHz RF power The actual power level measured b
44. lease contact your Territory Manager or the Enterprise Training Coordinator Training Phone 800 615 1176 ext 7500 Training Fax 256 963 6700 Training Email training adtran com 8 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A Radio Frequency Interface Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for an intentional radiator pursuant to Part 15 Subpart C of the FCC Rules This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy If not installed and used in accordance with the instructions it may cause interference to radio communications The limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential situation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna of the affected radio or television e Increase the separation between the equipment and the affected receiver e Connect the equipment and the affected receiver to power outlets on separate circuits e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help 1 NG Changes or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user s W ARN authority to operat
45. lor light Indicates that PWR Green solid the TRACER 4205 is connected to a power source Off the TRACER 4205 is not currently powered up PLANA Green solid the TRACER 4205 is transmitting on Frequency Plan A Off the TRACER 4205 is not transmitting on Frequency Plan A PLAN B Green solid the TRACER 4205 is transmitting on Frequency Plan B Off the TRACER 4205 is not transmitting on Frequency Plan B RF DOWN Red solid there is a communication problem between the local and remote TRACER 4205 systems RF LOW Red solid the RSSI level is below suggested minimum threshold TST Amber solid unit is performing power on self test RAI Red solid the TRACER 4205 received a remote alarm in the DS3 EOC channel bits X1 and X2 are both set to zero 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 25 Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TRACER 4205 System Manual Table 2 TRACER 4205 LEDs Continued For these LEDs This color light Indicates that AIS Red solid the TRACER 4205 received a remote alarm from a connected DS3 device properly aligned and framed alternating one zero pattern LOF Red solid the TRACER 4205 DS3 framer has lost alignment due to receiving too many F or M bits in error LOS Red solid the TRACER 4205 does not detect a DS3 from the connected DS3 device signal indicated by receiving 192 consecutive zeros
46. n one TRACER 4205 unit and run pattern from the connected DS3 equipment This will verify data path between the DS3 equipment and the TRACER 4205 unit Ld External pattern generators are required to test data path integrity A DS3 BERT tester is suggested Installing Configuring DS3 Hardware 1 If possible attach any or all of the intended DS3 hardware to the TRACER 4205 units using the same work bench setup This step offers the perfect opportunity to configure your DS3 hardware for proper functioning with the TRACER hardware Resolve any remaining DS3 equipment to TRACER 4205 configuration issues before field installation if possible This will significantly reduce the probability of unsuccessful field installation 56 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A
47. ng Interface 24 TX PWR Monitoring Interface 25 ErontiPariel LEDS s an ir a EREE RE WES GM RP PE Eq tre 25 Reviewing the TRACER 4205 Rear Panel Design 26 Antenna Interface d Ra sell ed eee dau eve ey Gee ea Ge ee 27 FUSO Z A N X ite Se ental yA aR a ER dep gerens GEA weit ea ect eee eel ie gg 27 DC Power Connection ece R R 0000 ne hh hh hn 27 Alarmi Contatar PNE EL 28 DS3 In and Out Connection 28 RS 232 Connection Terminal Use 28 RS 232 Connection Modem Use 30 At A Glance Specifications 2 cse ull a a deteste 31 FIGURES Figure 1 TRACER 4205 Front Panel Layout 24 Figure 2 TRACER 4205 Rear Panel Layout 27 TABLES Table 1 TRACER 4205 Front Panel Description 25 Table 2 TRAGER 4205 EDS ginig ien a e aed sth tente tent E E bra inr A EIC aa du gud daga 25 Table 3 DC Power Connector Pinout 27 Table4 Alarm Contact Connector Pinout 28 Table 5 RS 232 Connection Pinout 29 Table 6 TRACER 4205 DCE
48. oint line of sight communications Line of sight essentially requires that the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are able to see each other and that the straight line path between the two antennas is free of any obstructions such as buildings trees mountains and in longer paths even the curvature of the earth Point to Point Wireless communication from a single site to another individual site Contrast with point to multipoint Line of Sight An unobstructed direct path exists between the transmitting and the receiving antennas 2 DECIBELS The received signal power equation is often expressed in a decibel dB format which turns the power multiplication and division operations into addition and subtraction operations In general any quantity can be expressed in decibels If the quantity x is a power level the decibel equivalent is defined as Xap 10 log p x dB If the quantity x is referenced to a milliwatt mW then the decibel milliwatt dBm is used instead of a generic decibel Xon 1010850 dBm m 3 RECEIVER POWER The radio frequency RF signal power that is available at the input to the receiving TRACER 4205 system is the next parameter of interest in analyzing a wireless path The TRACER 4205 has a maximum output power level of 100 mW which is equivalent to 20 dBm This output signal will be attenuated and distorted by various factors all of which will degrade the original signal and affec
49. ol 2 Avoid using a telephone other than a cordless type during an electrical storm There is a remote risk of shock from lightning 3 Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak 4 Use only the power cord power supply and or batteries indicated in the manual Do not dispose of batteries in a fire They may explode Check with local codes for special disposal instructions Save These Important Safety Instructions 4 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio frequencies Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense b Shielded cables must be used with this unit to ensure compliance with Class A FCC limits x NG Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party W ARNE responsible for compliance could void the user
50. on or faulty wiring Recommended Actions 1 Verify the TRACER 4205 unit and the attached equipment are configured for the same line coding B3ZS 2 Verify the cable connections for the DS3 interface are solid 3 RF ERRORS RF errors can range anywhere from a non viable microwave path to loose RF connectors Non viable path conditions could be caused by physical obstructions such as buildings moutainous terrain trees etc as well as other physical limitations such as excessive path distances and in band RF interference These types of errors are remedied by performing a detailed line of sight microwave path study to determine whether or not a microwave link is feasible for the terrain and environment under consideration If after performing a microwave path study the system is still not operational ensure that the antennas are properly aligned Note that alignment must be achieved in both elevation and azimuth for optimal link performance The TRACER 4205 can be used to aid in antenna alignment by looking at the RSSI submenu Optimal antenna alignment will correspond to the maximum number of RSSI bars on the TRACER 4205 terminal display 4 STEP BY STEP TROUBLESHOOTING The logical troubleshooting flow presented in this section can be used to set up your TRACER 4205 54 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide system and also to diagnose a previously installed system P
51. r sensitivity including the data bandwidth of the wireless link and the amount of additional signal degradation introduced in the receiver electronics The receiver sensitivity of the TRACER 4205 is 78 dBm at 10 6 BER 9 FADE MARGIN Fade margin is a value indicating the amount of extra signal power available to the receiver to operate at a maximum bit error rate BER Higher levels of fade margin are better and will protect the viability of the microwave link against signal fading For most applications 20 to 30 dB of fade margin should ensure a reliable link Fade margin is simply the difference between the available signal power at the receiver and the receiver sensitivity discussed previously F PR Piens Pr Gr Gp L Lp P dB sens sens 10 PATH AVAILABILITY The path availability of a wireless link is a metric that expresses the fractional amount of time a link is available over some fixed amount of time and depends on several factors Path availability is expressed as F 10 A 1 2 5 x 10 Sjapfa 10 x 100 dB where the parameters are a terrain factor b climate factor f carrier frequency GHz d path length miles F fade margin dB The terrain factor is a quantity that compensates the link availability for different types of terrain Generally speaking the more smooth an area s terrain is the less availability a wireless link running over that terrain will have primarily due to multipath reflections
52. rier that prevents access to the antenna e Prior to installing the antenna to the TRACER 4205 output make sure the power is adjusted to the settings specified in section 2 of this manual e During antenna installation be sure that power to the TRACER equipment is turned off in order to prevent any energy presence on the coaxial connector e During installation and alignment of the antenna do not stand in front of the antenna assembly e During installation and alignment of the antenna do not handle or touch the front of the antenna These simple precautions must be taken to prevent general population and installation personnel from exposure to RF energy in excess of specified MPE levels 10 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A 4205 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section of ADTRAN s TRACER 4205 System manual is designed for use by network engineers planners and designers for overview information about the TRACER 4205 It contains general information and describes physical and operational concepts network relationships provisioning testing alarm status and system monitoring This section should be used in conjunction with Section 2 Engineering Guidelines of the system manual CONTENTS SYSteM Overview le levi Ere ac Eau aE ERES 12 Features and Benefits ss ssss 12 Configuration and Management 12 Operational et ex a CERA RET L RL
53. rom the other TRACER 4205 unit In this case the receiving TRACER 4205 is either receiving a very weak signal or no signal at all If the RF DOWN LED is not illuminated then the TRACER 4205 units are receiving a suitable RF signal Suitable RF power levels for low error rate communication will range from 30 dBm to 78 dBm measured at the N type connector input on the TRACER 4205 unit 8 Resolve any signal level issues before proceeding 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 55 Section 6 Troubleshooting Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual 10 Examine the RF LOW LED on the front panel of each TRACER 4205 If this LED is illuminated then the TRACER 42095 is receiving a relatively weak signal however if the RF DOWN LED is not illuminated the received signal is being suitably processed by the TRACER system If you are receiving a weak signal RF LOW is ON please verify that the weak signal is not being caused by a faulty cable an insufficiently tightened cable or some other installation related problem Also make sure an unreasonably large attenuation value has not been selected if you are using an attenuator on a work bench setup Use the tables in Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics of this manual to select the proper free space attenuation value in dB based on the estimated length of the microwave path Remember to subtract out both antenna gains local and remote from the attenuator setting Command a link loopback i
54. st majority of the microwave energy this zone is typically used to determine proper antenna heights when placing antennas on towers or buildings The curvature of the Earth becomes a legitimate obstruction for path lengths of 7 miles or greater and must also be accounted for when determining minimum antenna heights The aggregate expression for minimum antenna height that incorporates both the 60 first Fresnel zone and the Earth curvature is given by h 72 1 IE feet Af where fis in GHz and d is in miles 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 19 Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 4205 System Manual Table 3 tabulates minimum antenna heights for given path lengths Table 3 Minimum Antenna Height for Given Path Lengths Path Length Min Antenna Height miles ft 2 22 4 32 6 41 8 50 10 60 15 86 20 117 25 153 7 COAXIAL CABLE Coaxial cable will be required to attach the TRACER 4205 to the antenna The length of the cable will vary from a few feet to several feet depending upon your application and the proximity of the TRACER 4205 to the antenna Various grades of coaxial cable will work sufficiently well for connecting the TRACER 4205 unit to the antenna A low loss coaxial cable is suggested to minimize cable losses One end of the cable will require an N type male connector plug to mate with the TRACER 4205 unit The other end of the coax will require a connector compatibl
55. stall equipment in a wet location or during a lightning UT 3 UNPACK AND INSPECT THE SYSTEM Each TRACER 42095 is shipped in its own cardboard shipping carton Open each carton carefully and avoid deep penetration into the carton with sharp objects After unpacking the unit inspect it for possible shipping damage If the equipment has been damaged in transit immediately file a claim with the carrier then contact ADTRAN Customer Service see Warranty and Customer Service information in the front of this manual Contents of ADTRAN Shipment Your ADTRAN shipment includes the following items s TRACER 4205 unit s TRACER 4205 Documentation CD Customer Provides The following items are necessary for the installation of the TRACER 4205 system and are not provided by ADTRAN e 21to 63 VDC power source or AC adapter available from ADTRAN P N 1280650L 1 either polarity referenced to ground e Antenna and mounting hardware e Antenna feedline cable e DS3cables BNC for TRACER 4205 end for connecting to DS3 equipment 34 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 4 Network Turnup Procedure 4 CHANNEL SELECTION The FCC has allocated 100 MHz of spectrum in the band in which the TRACER 4205 operates Figure 1 illustrates the bandwidth division 5756 MHz 5819 MHz Channel Plan describes which lobe is transmitted upon Example A will transmit at A lobe and receive at B Figure 1 Bandwidth Div
56. t the signal strength and quality as sensed by the receiving unit A simplified power budget analysis is beneficial to perform after verifying a suitable line of sight path to determine if the microwave path is suitable even for ideal non distorted signals The equation relating received signal power to the other microwave parameters is PAGS Pr hPa er watts W 41 d L 14 O 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics where the variables in the equation are defined as Pr received power Watts Pr transmitted power 100 mW max for TRACER 4205 adjustable Gr transmit antenna gain Gg receive antenna gain A carrier wavelength c f meters d path distance meters L other losses RF coaxial cable etc The actual transmit and receive antenna gain values are strictly dependent upon the physical characteristics of the antennas installed for each link Typical gains are between 20 and 40 dB For example a 4 foot diameter Parabolic dish has 34 2 dB of gain at 5 8 GHz The carrier wavelength is the physical wavelength of the main RF carrier being used for communication and is usually approximated at the center frequency of the band which is 5787 5 MHz This gives a wavelength of 5 18 cm The path distance is simply the physical distance between the transmit and receive antennas For the TRACER 4205 these distances can range up to 25 miles The final parameter
57. to Terminal DTE Diagram DB 25 29 Table 7 TRACER 4205 DCE to Personal Computer DB 9 29 Table 8 TRACER 4205 DCE to Modem DCE 30 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc 23 Section 3 Engineering Guidelines TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 EQUIPMENT DIMENSIONS The TRACER 4205 unit is 19 W 10 5 D and 1 75 H weighs 7 lbs and can be used in rack mount configurations 2 POWER REQUIREMENTS The TRACER 4205 system has a maximum power consumption of 25W and a maximum current draw of 1 2A at21 VDC 3 REVIEWING THE FRONT PANEL DESIGN The front panel contains a single control switch for activating a DS3 line loopback RSSI and TX PWR monitoring interfaces a GND interface for reference with the monitoring interfaces and status LEDs to provide visual information about the TRACER 4205 system Figure 1 identifies the DS3 loopback switch the various bantam interfaces and the LEDs DS3 Loopback Status LEDs Switch ADRAN TRACER 4205 RSSI TX PWR GND Figure 1 TRACER 4205 Front Panel Layout RSSI Monitoring Interface The RSSI voltage is a function of the signal strength at the receiver and is used to measure the received signal strength RSSI varies approximately from 0 to greater than 4 Volts V with OV corresponding to a weaker received signal and 4V or better corresponding to a stronger received signal The
58. uipment to ADTRAN This warranty applies only to the original purchaser and is not transferable without ADTRAN s express written permission This warranty becomes null and void if Customer modifies or alters the equipment in any way other than as specifically authorized by ADTRAN EXCEPT FOR THE LIMITED WARRANTY DESCRIBED ABOVE THE FOREGOING CONSTITUTES THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE CUSTOMER AND THE EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY OF ADTRAN AND IS IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED ADTRAN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES SO THIS EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO CUSTOMER In no event will ADTRAN or its suppliers be liable to the Customer for any incidental special punitive exemplary or consequential damages experienced by either the Customer or a third party including but not limited to loss of data or information loss of profits or loss of use ADTRAN is not liable for damages for any cause whatsoever whether based in contract tort or otherwise in excess of the amount paid for the item Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to the Customer 6 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A Customer Service Product Support Information
59. ure 8 DS3Line Loopback ii d tenir a bre Eee PERE Me oU Re ERROR 48 Figure9 DS3Link Performance History R 0 NK e cece KK eh 48 TABLES Table 1 DS3 Interface Alarms 22 46 612804205L1 1A 2002 ADTRAN Inc Section 5 User Interface Guide TRACER 4205 System Manual 1 NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENU The TRACER 4205 menu system can be accessed with a VT100 compatible terminal set to 9600 bits per second 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity connected to the RS 232 port located on the back of the unit Flow control on the serial interface should be configured to None for proper operation Once a terminal is connected pressing Ctrl L gt will refresh the current screen If password access has been enabled the ENTER PASSWORD message will be displayed at the bottom of the TRACER 4205 system status menu Win All TRACER 4205 systems are shipped factory default with password protection disabled Terminal Menu Window The TRACER 4205 uses five menu pages and a single main menu page to access its many features The main menu page see Figure 1 provides a link to all available configuration status pages Ld After connecting a VT100 terminal to the TRACER 4205 press Ctrl L to redraw the current screen VT100 access will not be possible until this step is performed Tracer HyperT erminal E o x File Edit View Call Transfer Help Dle als 218 TR
60. ver Antenna alignment must be achieved in both azimuth along a horizontal plane and elevation along a vertical plane A received signal strength indicator RSSI is used to aid the equipment installer in determining when alignment is maximized by simply ensuring maximum RSSI The RSSI indicator for the TRACER 4205 system is provided through the VT100 terminal menus accessed through the RS 232 interface and is presented as a series of bars indicating signal strength More bars means more RSSI which ensures more received signal strength and better link performance If the remote system has acquired a useful signal from the remote system then the remote TRACER 4205 RSSI can also be viewed from the local TRACER 4205 VT100 terminal menu interface An RSSI Test point is also provided on the front panel The voltage relative to the gnd test point present on this test point represents a relative signal level of receive strength from the far end The voltage at this test point can vary from approximatly 0 to greater than 4 Volts DC with 0 Volts corresponding to no signal and 4 Volts or better to full signal strength 18 2002 ADTRAN Inc 612804205L1 1A TRACER 4205 System Manual Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics Antenna Beam Patterns Directly related to the subject of antenna alignment is the topic of antenna beam patterns Antennas being used with the TRACER 4205 system will have a particular beam shape determined in part b
61. y the meter analyzer will be less than 100 mW due to RF losses through the coaxial cable and is a function of cable type and length of cable being used In any event the power level at the output of the coaxial cable should be a significant fraction of 100 mW A power meter analyzer reading that is not on the order of at least tens of milliwatts could be an indication of any combination of either unsuitable RF faulty or unreasonably long coaxial cable 5 Resolve all RF coaxial cabling errors before proceeding 6 Attach the RF coaxial cables to a 5 8 GHz attenuator if possible If you do not have an attenuator attach the coaxial cables to the antennas to be used in the permanent installation If the installation antennas are not available small inexpensive dipole or patch antennas can be used for verification purposes If an adjustable attenuator is being used dial in the amount of attenuation that corresponds to the path loss value expected for the microwave link in which the TRACER hardware will be installed The path loss value can be calculated from a knowledge of the path length or provided by a path study Remember to subtract both antenna gain values from the attenuator level if these values have not already be accounted for 7 After setting up the RF pieces examine the RF DOWN LED on the front panel of each TRACER 4205 unit If the RF DOWN LED is illuminated red the corresponding TRACER 4205 is not receiving a suitable RF signal f
62. y the physical construction and geometry of the antenna The antenna beam patterns are characterized by a dominant main lobe which is the preferred lobe to use for point to point communications and several side lobes as shown in Figure 2 on page 19 The antenna alignment step to setting up a microwave link is in fact steering the main lobes of both antennas until the main lobe of one transmitter is centered on the receiving element of the receiving antenna main lobe side lobes LA Figure 2 Typical Antenna Beam Pattern Antennas are also designed to radiate RF energy efficiently for a specific range of frequencies Please consult the data sheet for your particular antenna make and model to ensure that it is specified to operate in the 5725 MHz to 5850 MHZ frequency band Fresnel Zones Earth Curvature amp Antenna Heights The Fresnel zones correspond to regions in the microwave path where reflections of the intended signal occur and combine in both constructive and destructive manners with the main signal thereby either enhancing or reducing the net power at the receiver In general the odd numbered Fresnel zones 1 3 5 add constructively at the receiver while the even numbered Fresnel zones 2 4 6 add destructively at the receiver The first Fresnel zone corresponds to the main lobe and must be at least 60 free of physical obstructions for the path calculations to be valid Since the main lobe contains the va

TRACER 4205

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents