Manual
Contents
1. Standard jaj Standard distribution of resistances ISO 11137 2 2006 08 01 o 0 0002 0 00030107 0 0002 Group 3 MD7 gt 0 00015054 0 0004 0 00030107 0 0005 I Edit table 0 00015054 0 0007 7 00 0 65487 0 00015054 0 0008 En 150 0 22493 0 00045161 0 0009 ee 200 0 06302 0 00030107 0 0012 250 0 03179 000030107 0 0014 280 0 01213 i 000030107 0 0016 oouo B 0 00045161 0 0018 3 40 0 00350 0 00060214 0 0021 370 0 00111 i 0 00060214 0 0025 Insert row 3 00 000072 E 0 00030107 0 0029 4m nnn nd f 0 0012043 0 0031 i 0 00060214 0 0039 30 553 0 0012043 0 0043 z H 31 217 000090321 0 0051 Use eal distribution w Ln EL a 31 881 0 0024086 0 057 Use space distribution 32 546 00027098 0 0073 x 11 Dmin Dmax gt SAL SAL gt Dmin Dmax Fig 3 The Form with input data from the loaded file ModePEB sal Input data on absorbed dose in PE block under one sided irradiation with scanned 10 MeV electron beam on moving conveyer pdf probability density function 1 KGy cdf cumulative distribution function e The frame Space distribution see Fig 3 left side present the results of characteristics of EB dose map in irradiated target including Dose minimum Dose maximum Average dose Dose Uniformity Ratio 3D view dose map 2D view and Table data probability distribution of absorbed dose e After loading the files from the directories SAL file2. Therefore a value of one standard deviation of SF is selected as characteristic of statistical uncertainty for specific radiation processing The computer technology represents a simulation results in a graphical and tabular forms That provides cognitive and comparative analysis of influence of uncertainty values of radiation processing and bioburden characteristics on a SAL of irradiated product EB Dose Mapping in Heterogeneous Target As example for decision of some practical tasks in sterilization technology the EB sterilized process was analyzed with the use software ModeStEB for simulation of EB absorbed dose in heterogeneous targets 9 11 The software ModeStEB was specially designed for simulation by a Monte Carlo method in 3D model of the absorbed dose and charge distributions within multilayer packages irradiated with scanned EB on industrial radiation facility that is based on the pulsed or continuous type of electron accelerators in the electron energy range from 0 1 to 25 MeV The self consistent physical and geometrical models of the program ModeStEB include in detail the features of electron beam transport and dose field formation in the multi layer targets The feature of the software ModeStEB is unique high running speed of calculation schemes It is reached due to use of specially developed algorithm on the basis of a method of translation of an electron trajectory and an optimum choice of free parameters of modeling Multi
3. 1e 4 Average bioburden 1e 5 1e 5 Average Bioburden Av B Scaled dose max KGy 24 1679 fiooo Scaled dose min KGy 17 3768 Scale Factor S F SAL for average bioburden jo 495605 Standard Group 5 MD15 8 84069E 6 0 000139567 1E6 Deviation of S F Sarees 950 _ 67332E 7 1 8517E 5 7O876E 7 1 9492E 5 7 442E 7 2 0466E 5 77963E 7 2144E 5 8 1507E 7 2 2415E 5 BS051E 7 2 339E 5 8 8595E 7 2 4364E 5 92139E 7 2 5339E 5 9 5682E 7 2634E5 99226E 7 2 7288E 5 10277E 6 2 8263E 5 10631E 6 29237E 5 1 0986E 6 3 0212E 5 1 134E 6 3 1186E 5 11695E 6 32161E 5 1 2049E 6 3 3135E 5 1 2403E 6 3 411E 5 1 2758E 6 3 5085E 5 13112E 6 36059E5 C One sided irradiation Color definition Two sided irradiation E E Recalculate SAL Dose map P Table data to clipboard E ss Dose min N I Av B and S F saving Fig 3 The values of SAL as function of average bioburden for microbial populations SDR in graphical form and MD15 in graphical and tubular forms PE block is two sided irradiated with 10 MeV EB Av B 1000 SF 0 4956 and uncertainties 5 The results of comparative analysis of values of SF and EB sterilized dose for microbial populations with distributions of resistances both as SDR and MD15 types calculated on the base of Din and dose map PE block under two sided irradiation with 10MeV with 10MeV EB are presented in the Table Table The results of comparative analysis of v
4. and Testing the button with sign Eye will appear near the button Load data see Fig 3 e Click the button Eye The Table with all input data which were used for EB dose map simulation will be open see Fig 4 lnput data for SAL calculation ModePEB Modelling of an irradiation of packages by electron beam Source Pulsed regime No Average current 1 000 Spectrum MonoEnergy Yes Spectrum No Energy 10 000 languier spread MonoDirect No Angular spread Yes 4 1 0 000 1 000 12 000 0 000 Space spread Point beam No Distribute beam Yes Beam diameter 4 000 Full width on half maximum 1 000 Scanning system Speed 1 000 Frequency 1 000 Width 120 000 Height 80 000 Scan cony distance 20 000 Scanning width 40 000 Y angle of target 0 000 X angle of target 0 000 iNon diverging beam No Triangular scanning Yes Default mode Yes Custom mode No lrradiated volume Packages 1 Layers in each package 1 Width of packages 39 010 Horizontal orientation Yes Layer Thickness Width Density 1 5 90 39 00 0 65 Layer ZA 1 1 000 2 000 1 6 000 12 000 The following package and layer were registrated in gotten results Package 1 Layer 1 Fig 4 Table with input data which were used for EB dose map simulation Note The files sal type are stored in the directory SAL file The files mon type are stored in the
5. calculation results on the base of Dyin accordingly Method 1 ISO 11137 and IAEA Code with regard to the dose distribution in an irradiated product allows to estimate the safety factors for mathematical models which are used in the Standard ISO 11137 and in the Software ModeSAL Analysis and solution of problem tasks in radiation sterilization technology were performed as follows e The RT Office modules for specific EB X ray and gamma ray radiation facility and irradiated products optimize a thickness of irradiated products a configuration of package for the product the method of irradiation as one or two sided types the choice of irradiation regimes e The RT Office modules simulate a profile of an absorbed dose map in an irradiated product for optimal irradiation regimes e Simulation prediction for the dose map should be periodically verified in special dosimetric experiments e The output results for EB X ray and gamma ray processing simulated with the RT Office modules for an absorbed dose in forms of probability distribution and space distribution dose map are used directly as input data for the software ModeSAL e The software ModeSAL determines the sterilization dose and scale factor for parameters of radiation facility to achieve a required SAL for microbial population on in an irradiated product in accordance with Method 1 ISO 11137 or IAEA Code The software ModeSAL decides as well known and established tasks so the specific p
6. layer target consists of some identical packages with flat sheets of materials with various density and atomic number The number of packages are in the range from 1 to 10 The number of layers in the each package with various geometrical sizes are in the range from 1 to 6 Multi layer target with without packing box can be located on the conveyer platform horizontal vertical or under arbitrary angle relatively incident EB axis The software ModeStEB use as input data a detailed characteristics of radiation facility and irradiated target including Parameters of electron beam average beam current or pulse duration and repetition rate in pulsed accelerators electron energy spectrum beam diameter and spatial distribution of the beam intensity Parameters of scanned system modes of operation the triangular or non diverging irradiation treatment field in target material height of scan horn and width of scanning distance scan conveyer form of current in magnet of scanned system repetition frequency of scanning Parameters of conveyer line speed and geometrical characteristics Parameters of irradiated product geometrical characteristics of the irradiated product elemental composition of the target material and size of the covering for irradiated product The software ModeStEB provides users with data set in the graphic and tabular form for dose map and charge deposition within each layer of the multi layer target irradiated with a s
7. 0 0002 000015054 0 0004 0 00030107 0 0005 0 00015054 0 0007 000015054 0 0008 0 00045161 0 0009 000030107 0 0012 000030107 0 0014 000030107 0 0016 0 00045161 0 0018 000060214 0 0021 000060214 0 0025 f 0 00030107 0 0029 29 224 0 0012043 0 0031 29 888 0 00060214 0 0039 30 553 0 0012043 0 0043 31 217 0 00090321 0 0051 31 881 0 0024086 0 0057 32 546 0 0027096 0 0073 xl pdf probability density function 1 KGy cdf cumulative distribution function I Edit table 1 50 0 22493 Clear table 200 0 06302 2 50 0 03179 2 80 0 01213 3 10 0 00786 3 40 0 00350 3 70 0 00111 400 0 00072 4 n nnn Delete row Insert row Use probability distribution C Use space distribution 0 3 0 3 4 50 Fig 1 The forms with input data on absorbed dose in PE block under one sided irradiation with scanned 10 MeV electron beam on moving conveyer 3D view dose map 2D view and Table data probability distribution of absorbed dose The results of SF Dmax and Dyin calculation as function of average bioburden Av B for microbial population with distributions of resistances MD15 are presented in Fig 2 Microbial population is located on in PE block under two sided irradiation with 10MeV electron beam Calculations were made on the base of EB dose map presented in Fig 1 for Av B 1000 SAL 10 and uncertainties 5 the SF 0 4956 It is necessary to change the operational parameters o
8. Software ModeSAL for Quality Control of Radiation Processing User Manual Introduction The computer technology for simulation of practical tasks in radiation sterilization process in accordance with Method 1 Standard ISO 11137 and IAEA Code of Practice was developed The technology was realized on the base of the RT Office modules for modeling by Monte Carlo method of an absorbed dose in an irradiated heterogeneous targets with electron beam EB X ray and gamma ray and specialized software ModeSAL The software ModeSAL is intended for simulation and comparative analysis of a sterility assurance level SAL and a sterilizing dose for bioburden to achieve a required SAL in an irradiated product The mathematical approach of the technology is based on the detailed and precise consideration of a self consistent physical and geometrical models of calculation an EB X ray and gamma ray dose maps in an irradiated product a SAL a sterilizing dose and the spatial and time uncertainties for dose provided to an irradiated product 1 Motivation Radiation sterilization process of health care products is well established technology and becomes one of the continuously growing branches of radiation processing Quality Assurance and Quality Control QA amp QC for all procedures of radiation sterilization is regulated by standards ISO 11137 ISO 13485 1 2 For determination of the sterilization dose for required sterility assurance level SAL of micro
9. alues of SF and EB sterilized dose for microbial populations SDR and MD15 calculated on the base of Dyin and dose map Microbia Dose map P Dose min l Unc kGy N kGy populatio SF SDmin SDmax SF SDmin SDmax n 0 10 5715 1 20 04 27 87 0 709 24 86 34 57 SDR 10 0 62181 21 8 30 32 0 775 27 18 37 8 MD15 O 0 4852 17 01 23 66 0 5968 20 9 29 1 10 10 5332 18 7 26 0 0 6601 23 14 32 19 The analysis of results represented in Fig 3 and the Table data shows that for microbial populations of SDR and MD15 types in all range of average bioburden the SAL value calculated on the base of suggestion that Dmin is constant in all irradiated product volume is greater than the SAL calculated on the base of a spatial EB dose distribution in the irradiated product It follows from these results that value of EB sterilizing dose in case of calculation on the base of Dmin is greater in comparison with calculation of sterilizing dose on the base of dose map in an irradiated product Taking into account the uncertainties due to fluctuation of irradiation parameters leads to increasing of sterilizing dose value Irradiation regime on the base of Dmin concept leads to overdosing of the sterilized product And as result it can reduce the throughput and worsen quality of the products 10 Software ModeSAL How to get results SAL calculation Entering of input data a a
10. athematical model for calculation a sterilization dose do not take into consideration the spatial non uniformity of absorbed dose in an irradiated materials and the uncertainties of irradiation process on results sterilization It is well known that under irradiation with EB X ray or gamma ray of heterogeneous targets near the boundaries of contacting materials with different density and or atomic number an appearance of anomalies in a dose map is observed 6 7 Under products sterilization the characteristics of radiation facility can be fluctuated and changed during time irradiation These effects can be essential influence on the probability of microbial survival and on a sterilizing dose value Authors developed the computer methodology for simulation of practical tasks in radiation sterilization process based on the detailed and precise consideration of a self consistent physical and geometrical models for simulation EB X ray and gamma ray dose maps in irradiated product the uncertainties of irradiation process a SAL and a sterilizing dose 8 The objective of this study was the detailed computer analysis of influence of the space non uniformity of EB absorbed dose distribution in irradiated products and the uncertainties of irradiation process on characteristics of EB sterilization process Computation Approach to Decision of Practical Tasks in Radiation Sterilization Process Authors have developed the information system for analysis and
11. bial population on in an irradiated product the mathematical model and methods simulation 1 and 2 were developed and experimentally verified 1 3 4 5 The methods are based on a probability model for the inactivation of microbial population The features of mathematical model which is used in the Method 1 are following 4 5 e the probability of microbial survival within the population diminishes exponentially with increasing radiation treatment of product by EB X ray or gamma ray e the inactivation of any one type of microorganism contributing to the bioburden of the product units can be described by its own unique Dj value where Dj is characterize the radiation resistance of microbes Dj is the radiation dose that will reduce a microbial population by 90 e the probability of survival of population from N microbes bioburden at irradiation is determined by binomial low e the number of microbes on in product unit is defined by Poisson distribution In this model it is suggested that dose value in all product volume during time of irradiation is constant The constant is chosen as minimum value of an absorbed dose Din in the dose map of an irradiated product Dyin is called as a sterilization dose The value of sterilization dose Dyin required to achieve a given SAL for average bioburden of microbial population with standard distribution of resistances SDR are presented in the Tables form in the ISO 11137 and IAEA Code 1 3 3 The m
12. canned EB The output results for EB absorbed dose in an irradiated target are represented in forms of probability distribution and space distribution dose map The results for EB absorbed dose in multi layer target were directly used as input data for the software ModeSAL for further analysis of radiation sterilization process Some simulation results Fig 1 represent the form of the software ModeSAL with loaded input data of EB absorbed dose for calculation of SAL and sterilized dose The absorbed dose in an EB irradiated target was simulated by software ModeStEB The absorbed dose is represented in form of probability distribution graphs and Table and space distribution see Fig 1 left side There is a possibility to calculate analyze and compare results for microbial population with SDR taken from ISO 11137 2 2006 and IAEA Code for distributions of resistances MD1 MD20 taken from the paper as well as on the base of any microbial population for which a distribution of resistances can be enter as input data by manually see Fig 1 Table right side 5 Results file Load data_ Testing gt Distribution of resistances Standard a Standard distribution of resistances ISO 11137 2 2006 08 01 Space distribution 29 589 51 18 46 101 1 7297 Dose minimum Dose maximum Average dose Dose Uniformity Ratio df 0 00030107 0 Group3 MD7 D10 kGy 100 0 65487 0 l 0 00030107
13. directory Results file The files sal and mon types present the results of MC simulation of Dose Map in targets irradiated with scanned electron X ray or Gamma ray beams on moving conveyer 12 These files were prepared with specialized simulation modules of RT Office ModeRTL ModePEB ModeXR ModeSXR ModeGR The software ModeSAL and ModeRTL ModePEB ModeXR ModeSXR ModeGR are the simulation modulus of the RTOffice Input and output data for all simulation modulus of the RTOffice are self consistent between themselves The files tst type are stored in the directory Testing These files with special form of the Dose Map in an irradiated target were prepared manually Selection of the distribution resistances for calculation and analysis Frame Distribution of resistances see Fig 3 right side You can calculate make analysis and compare results for e standard distributions of resistances SDR taken from ISO 11137 2 2006 e distributions of resistances MD1 MD20 taken from the paper A Tallentire Rad Phys amp Chem 98 83 94 e as well as on the base of any distributions of resistances which can be enter as input data manually For do it Select the window Edit Table with a tick and Create Table manually see Fig 3 Selection of the calculation regimes The Form for selection of calculation regimes is located in the down right corner of the Form with input da
14. e Click the SAL studio button in the Main Form of Software ModeSAL see Fig 1 The Form for entering of input data will be opened see Fig 2 pire is J J Balda NESE XK Ronse SAL studio _Getting start About Fig 1 Main Form of Software ModeSAL e Select the directory SAL file Results file or Testing with working files of input data in the window Load data e Click the button Load data The selected directory will be opened e Then Select and load any file from these directories see Fig 3 e The Form with input data from the loaded file will be opened for calculation see Fig 3 example from the loaded file ModePEB sal Loading of input data Space distribution ModePEBexp sal la ModeStEB sal Probability distribution Vma pa na ModePEBexp sal Orkperb a anos Data for sal sal 0 am al pdf probability density function 1KGy cdf Cne distribution function Fig 2 The Form of the Software ModeSAL for entering of input data ModePEB Modelling of an irradiation of packages by electron beam SRPEBEAESSE Space distribution Dose minimum Dose maximum Average dose Dose Uniformity Ratio 0 00030107 0 0 0002 29 589 51 18 46 101 1 7297 x Load data Results file Testing D Distribution of resistances
15. f EB radiation facility EB current conveyer speed on SF 0 4956 value to achieve a required SAL 10 The calculations results for comparative analysis of a SAL and a sterilizing dose for microbial population with distributions of resistances both as SDR and MD15 types for Av B 1000 in two sided irradiated product with 10MeV EB are presented in Fig 3 Calculations were made for non uniform dose distribution of EB presented in Fig 1 As it is seen from Fig 3 for microbial population MD15 at calculated SF 0 4956 and uncertainties 5 the SAL 10 for Av B 1000 SAL used space distribution for two sided irradiation 1e 0 1e 1 1e 2 1e 3 1et4 1e 5 1e 5 Average bioburden Average Bioburden Av B Group 5 MD15 1000 Scaled dose maximum KGy 24 1684 SAL B maa Scaled dose minimum KGy a 17 3771 Deviation of S F Scale Factor S F ig 0 495615 C One sided irradiation Color definition Two sided irradiation Recalculate SAL Table data to clipboard I Av B and S F saving H Scale factor I Dose min H Dose max Fig 2 The values of Dinax Dyin and SF as function of average bioburden for microbial population MD15 in graphical and tubular forms 10 MeV electron beam SAL used space distribution for two sided irradiation PE block is two sided irradiated with Dose map SDR Dose mins SDR min SAL Dose map MD15 1e 0 let 1e 2 1e 43
16. f change of an irradiation process for the analysis of uncertainties effect It is well known that the dose map depends on major number of parameters of an irradiation process For example beam current energy of ionizing particles width of scanning conveyer speed as well as the characteristics of irradiated product are related to the basic operational parameters which are influenced on the dose map However if we are interested the uncertainties related only with irradiation system it is logical to assume that profile of an absorbed dose distribution will change much less than a dose value in separate points I e small changes of irradiation facility parameters basically results in proportional scale change of a dose value in all points of the dose map This fact is obvious for basic operational irradiation parameters such as a beam current and a conveyor speed Less obviously however with good precision it refers to both to scanning width and to distance from exit window of accelerator to irradiated object Concerning changes of a dose map at change of energy of ionizing particles this supposition generally is not valid Thus the radiation interaction with a product in the stochastic model is described by some dose map for which all changes are considered as proportional to a SF value Consequently stochastic uncertainty is easily reduced to uncertainty of SF value The statistical distribution of a SF is supposed as a normal distribution
17. optimization of problem tasks of the radiation sterilization process on the base of specialized simulation modules of Radiation Technological Office RT Office 6 The system includes the RT Office modules for simulation of an absorbed dose in irradiated targets with electron beam EB X ray and gamma ray and specialized software ModeSAL 8 The software ModeSAL is intended for simulation and comparative analysis of a SAL and a sterilizing dose for bioburden in an irradiated product The ModeSAL code is a scientific tool which is accessible for broad audience of users such as microbiologists dosimetrists physicists and other specialists working with radiation sterilization tasks Some practical tasks which can be decided with help of the ModeSAL code are as follows 1 Software ModeSAL allows calculate the sterilized dose required to achieve a given SAL for an arbitrary values of average bioburden having SDR on the base of Dmin accordingly Method 1 ISO 11137 and IAEA Code It means that e for all values average bioburden from the Tables of ISO 11137 and IAEA Code having SDR the data calculated by ModeSAL and the Tables data are in an absolute agreement e for an arbitrary values of average bioburden having SDR and which are absent in the Table the Software ModeSAL calculates exactly the value of sterilized dose required to achieve a given SAL Le in this case user can use these data without interpolation of the Table 5 data 2 Soft
18. ractical tasks in radiation sterilization technology e The RT Office modules optimize the operational parameters of radiation facility on the base of scale factor data Such execution sequence of work provides a computer technology for sterilization process in accordance with Method 1 ISO 11137 and IAEA Code with regard to the spatial and time uncertainties for dose delivery to irradiated product The Features of Sterilization Process Under Spatially Non Uniform Dose Distribution The results of EB absorbed dose in an irradiated target simulated with the software ModeStEB are used as input data for the software ModeSAL The features of mathematical model of the software ModeSAL are the following e The generalized stochastic model of radiation sterilization process is developed e The basic stochastic parameters proper in the modern radiation technologies are taken into account e To such stochastic parameters refer to the bioburden in a product and in its separate parts a spatial distribution of microbes in a product a spatial dose distribution in an irradiated product uncertainties because of nonstability of radiation facility parameters in time of irradiation operational characteristics of radiation facility required to achieve a given SAL The feature of the theoretical approach at development of the generalized stochastic model of radiation sterilization process is introduction of the scale factor SF SF is the basic characteristic o
19. ta See Figs 3 and 5 Use probability distribution Use space distribution Dmin Dmax gt SAL SAL gt Dmin Dmax Fig 5 The Form for selection of calculation regimes You can decide and calculate the direct task Calculation of SAL on the base of probability distribution for EB absorbed dose in an irradiated target and on the base of spatial distribution dose Map for EB absorbed dose in an irradiated target e Select Use probability distribution or Use space distribution with a tick e Click the button Dyin Dmax SAL You can decide and calculate the inverse task Calculation of the Scale Factor S F on the base of probability distribution for EB absorbed dose and on the base of spatial distribution dose Map for EB absorbed dose e Select Use probability distribution or Use space distribution with a tick s Click the button SAL D min Daat g
20. ware ModeSAL allows calculate the sterilized dose required to achieve a given SAL for an arbitrary values of average bioburden having any distribution of resistances on the base of Dmin accordingly Method 1 ISO 11137 and IAEA Code 4 It is useful in case when user works with known dangerous viruses or known microbial populations which are differed from SDR for example in case of bioterrorism anthrax bird s influenza etc User can take the value of microbial resistances for dangerous viruses for example from Database on Microbial Resistance to Radiation and enter as input data to the Software ModeSAL 10 With help of the Software ModeSAL user can made PC experiment to estimate the necessary absorbed dose and radiation facility parameters to eliminate the known dangerous viruses or known microbial populations 3 Software ModeSAL allows calculate the sterilized dose required to achieve a given SAL for an arbitrary values of average bioburden having any distribution of resistances on the base of Dmin accordingly Method 1 ISO 11137 and IAEA Code with due regard for e an uncertainty effect of absorbed dose and of parameters of process irradiation e an uncertainty effect in a composition and in radiation resistances of microbial population 4 Software ModeSAL allows calculate the sterilized dose required to achieve a given SAL for above points 1 2 and 3 with regard to the dose distribution in an irradiated product Comparison of
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