FKT series meter - user`s manual
Contents
1. Weight 2 93 Ib 1 33 kg Working Temperatures Operating 32 F to 158 F 0 C to 60 C Storage 14 F to 140 F 10 C to 60 C Power Supply 8 x 1 5V AA Alkaline batteries field replaceable batteries not included 100V 240V AC auto switching power supply included Battery life 30hrs approx with screen backlight off Pressure Connectors 1 8 in barb 0 41 in 10 45 mm long by 0 19 in 4 9 mm diameter Accepts 1 8 in ID rubber tubing Differential Pressure For available pressure ranges see Table 1 Number of independent differential pressure sensors FKT 3DPIA 1 to 3 FKT 2DP1A C 1 or 2 FKT IDPIA SV 1 Zero offset and zero temperature shift eliminated through auto zero without disconnect Accuracy at 25 C Typically within 0 1 of full scale pressure 40 22 max User recalibration procedure available Maximum simultaneous pressure on both ports for each sensor above ambient 10 psi for sensors with a range of SinH 0 or below 15 psi for sensors with a range of 12inH O or above Velocity For available velocity ranges see Table 1 Corrected for gas density and humidity Determined using a velocity probe with user selectable flow coefficient Accuracy at 25 C Typically within 0 24 of full scale velocity 0 3 max Absolute Pressure Range 2 2 16 7 psi 15 115 kPa Can be upgraded to a 30 psi 206 kPa range Accuracy 0 to 85 C 02. _L NS CONTACT INFORMATION Email inform flowkinetics com Web www flowkinetics com Mail FlowKinetics LLC 528 Helena Street Bryan Texas 77801 USA Telephone 979 680 0659 888 670 1927 Fax 979 680 0659 979 846 2808 AN IMPORTANT Read all instructions and precautions in this manual before use Keep this manual for future reference FlowKinetics feel the pressure FKT Series Flow Measurement And Pressure Acquisition System User s Manual April 24 2015 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC Table of Contents Page LIMITATIONS OF USAGE AND CAUTIONS uussossonssonssonssnssonsnnssnnssnnsnnnssnssonsnnnsnnssnnssnnssnnne 4 WARRANTY nt a aU na ee nr tn ed ee as 4 A INTRODUCTION lt csscsshucsiessscccversidavscdeatossusnnassongosacsouynieonsoseetenseapnssyouacanstonssndessseaasoaseoinessoes 5 1 Overview 5 2 Features 3 3 Power Supply amp Batteries 6 4 Tubing Connections 7 5 Accessories 7 6 Pressure Measurement 8 7 Temperature Humidity Measurement 9 8 Data Logging 9 B OPERATION OF THE FKT SERIES ssesesecnsneneenesnseneseesese 10 1 Overview 10 2 Power Connection 10 3 Controls 10 4 Power up 15 5 Power down 15 6 Pressure Velocity ranges 15 7 Temperature and Relative Humidity measurement 15 8 Damping 16 9 Zeroing 16 10 Standard deviation sl 16 11 Humidity Ratio W 18 C USING A PITOT STATIC TUBE FOR VELOCITY
3. Damping Rotating the control varies the damping from a 1 to 8 as indicated by Fi to FE on the upper right hand portion of the display see Figs Bl B4 Damping is achieved through repeated data averaging The numeric following the F symbol represents the square root of the number of averages i e F 3 would indicate that the o presented on the display has been averaged 9 nica F is minimum damping amp the maximum The damping feature is used when measuring unsteady or Anfeat ng pressures For the FKTIDPIA SV model rotating the DAMP control fully clockwise selects the statistical calculation of the standard deviation for pressure or velocity depending on the RANGE setting See point 11 below Zeroing The FKT series has fully autonomous auto zeroing without the need to disconnect from the pressure source This feature activates every 6 minutes However the user can initiate the auto zero cycle at any instant by depressing the ZERO button It is necessary to keep this button depressed until the display indicates that the instrument has entered the auto zero cycle The display will indicate that the analog to digital converters are calibrating followed sequentially by each differential pressure transducer as installed If the range of a differential transducer is exceeded the FKT series will automatically enter the auto zero cycle to equalize pressures across the differential pressure transducers so lessening the possibility
4. 0 634 Circular ducts Log Tchebycheff Points Distance from wall x D o y D 6 0 312 0 688 0 862 0 968 8 0 194 0 334 0 666 0 806 0 900 10 0 155 0 205 0 357 0 643 0 795 Fig C3 Traverse point for rectangular and circular ducts Either Centroids of Equal Areas or Log Tchebycheff point distributions can be used 26 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC D MAINTENANCE 1 Operational maintenance e Ensure that the FKT series are kept clean dry and do not come into contact with any corrosive elements e Do not spill any liquids onto the instrument when the unit s lid is open e Do not use any solvents for cleaning purposes To clean surfaces wipe with a clean dry cloth e When used in a dusty environment the unconnected pressure barbs should be covered e When the low battery warning appears on the display di the battery pack should be replaced e The FKT series should be returned to FlowKinetics LLC for calibration annually 2 Battery maintenance The battery of the FKT series is changed as follows Check to ensure that the instrument is turned off Remove the battery compartment cover plate Carefully lift the battery pack out of the compartment DO NOT PULL ON THE BATTERY LEADS Remove the battery snap connector Remove the old batteries out of the holder Rep
5. 16 averaged data values while F would indicate that the data represents 64 averages Increasing the number of averages will slow down the screen update intervals as the micro processor processes the data Turning this control fully clockwise initiates calculation of the standard deviation see section B11 PC This serial port allows connection of the instrument to a PC for data logging P 1 3 These pressure port barb connections are for the typical positive pressure of the differential transducers such that a greater pressure at this port then 10 P 1 3 Pabs Display FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC the corresponding P port will result in an indicated positive pressure These pressure port barb connection are for the typical reference pressure of the differential transducers such that a greater pressure at this port then the corresponding P port will result in an indicated negative pressure This barb connection is for the absolute pressure transducer If the true density in a duct or similar element is desired a tube should be connected from this port to a static port on the duct or the static port of a Pitot Static tube inserted into the duct see Section C Information presented on the screen is as follows see Figs Bl to B6 The pressure or velocity units selected are shown on the first row of the display If a velocity range is selected appropriate units are displayed f
6. To set K rotate the CONTR control until the desired value is displayed To store this value press the ZERO button again Values of from 0 75 to 1 00 can be stored representative of most Pitot tubes Subsequent selection of any velocity range will not cause the instrument to enter the Probe correction interface All velocities displayed by the instrument will incorporate the correction factor K After setting K it may be necessary to reset the LCD screen contrast using the CONTR control Taking Measurements with the FKT Series To measure velocity with the instrument with the greatest accuracy it is necessary to measure the target gases absolute pressure and temperature as well as Relative Humidity to allow the FKT series to calculate the correct gas density This is achieved by connecting a length of silicone or Tygon tubing from the Pabs port to a wall static pressure tap or averaging ring at the measurement point location Alternatively the Pabs port may be connected to the static port of a Pitot Static tube provided K 1 for the tube RH is measured by partially inserting the RH probe into the duct wind tunnel etc NOTE to avoid errors when using the FKT 2DP1A C series for compressible velocity measurement it is necessary for the tip of the thermocouple to be directly exposed to the 21 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC flow The thermocouple and RH probe should be as close as possible to the Pito
7. the wall power supply is used The molecular weight M in grams mol and Humidity ratio W in kg kg or Ib lb water vapor to dry air Units for these parameters are not displayed on the LCD 11 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC O FlowKinetics LLC FKT Series Meter 9 O O CONTR DAMP 9 m inH20 O O mmHg psi m s O O ft s ft m PC ZERO ON OFF RANGE 2 BATTERY O 07 Fig B1 FKT 3DP1A series face plate differential pressure units gt E damping F i gt FE y low battery differential pressures urn m em Pay debe ck absolute or atmospheric pressure 7 Fig B2 FKT 3DP1A series LCD presentation 12 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC o oN O FlowKinetics LLC FKT Series Meter Q CAUTION Remove tubing individually Use fingers to support plate when removing tubing O O PC No BATTERY Fig B3 FKT 2DP1A C series face plate differential pressure units m damping Fick x low battery differential pressures specific heat ratio density w relative humidity absolute or atmospheric pressure f molecular weight Fig B4 FKT 2DP1A C series LCD presentation 13 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC CAUTION Remove tubi
8. 0 03281 0 01 0 036 0 01943 30 48 1 0 3048 1 097 0 5925 100 3 281 3 6 1 943 27 78 0 9113 0 2778 1 0 5399 51 48 1 688 0 5148 1 852 1 44 7 1 467 0 447 1 609 FORCE CONVERSION TABLE 0 869 from poundal ozf Ibf kip kgf N 7 233 3 597 0 225 0 00022 0 102 poundal 1 0 497 0 031 3 11x10 0 014 ozf 2 012 0 0625 6 25x10 0 028 Ibf 32 258 16 1 0 001 0 454 kip 32154 3 16000 1000 1 453 594 kgf 71 428 35 714 2 2 0 002 1 DENSITY CONVERSION TABLE from to kg m slugs ft Ib ft kg m 1 0 00194 0 0624 slugsift 515 3788 1 32 17096 Ib ft 16 02 0 03108 1 MASS CONVERSION TABLE kg g slug 1 1000 0 0685 6 85x10 14593 9 1 453 59 0 031 32 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC TEMPERATURE CONVERSION TABLE CONVERT FROM CONVERT TO FORMULA Fahrenheit Celsius F 32 1 8 Fahrenheit Kelvin F 459 67 1 8 Fahrenheit Rankine F 459 67 Rankine Kelvin R 1 8 Rankine Celsius R 491 67 1 8 Rankine Fahrenheit R 459 67 Celsius Fahrenheit 1 8 x C 32 Celsius Rankine 1 8 x C 491 67 Celsius Kelvin C 273 15 Kelvin Rankine 1 8xK Kelvin Fahrenheit 1 8 x K 45
9. 5 of Full Scale typical Includes effects of linearity temperature and pressure hysteresis zero temperature shift and span temperature shift 30 Temperature FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC The instrument uses a K type thermocouple and can display temperatures from 328 F to 1430 F 200 C to 777 C The included K Type wire thermocouple has a range of 100 F to 900 F 73 C to 482 C Accuracy 1 8 F 1 C Quick disconnect miniature size connector Cable length 60 in 150 cm Relative Humidity Range 0 99 Relative Humidity non condensing Accuracy 2 typical at 25 C non condensing Response time 1 e 15s in slow moving air at 25 C Working temperature 40 F to 185 F 40 C to 85 C Storage 0 to 90 Relative Humidity non condensing Cable length 60 in 150 cm Probe size Cylinder 4 in 100 mm long with a diameter of 0 5 in 13 mm Range 0 05 10 kg m Calculated using the absolute pressure temperature and relative humidity readings as well as the molecular weight and for the FKT 2DP1A C the ratio of specific heats set by the user Accuracy 0 8 of reading from 200 to 0 C average 0 5 of reading from 0 to 777 C average Damping User selectable from to 64 data averages available K factor Probe coefficient set by user Range 0 75 to 1 00 Display 4 line large character variable contra
10. 7 8946 ft min 2 3 45 4 m sec 447 8911 ft min 2 3 45 3 m sec 0 001inH 0 0 001kPa 1ft min 0 01m s 12inH 0 3kPa 693 13859 ft min 3 5 70 4 m sec 693 13730 ft min 3 5 69 7 m sec 0 01inH 0 0 001kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 20inH 0 4 98kPa 895 17892 ft min 4 5 90 9 m sec 895 17618 ft min 4 5 89 5 m sec 0 01inH O 0 001kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 30inH 0 7 5kPa 1096 21913 ft min 5 6 111 3 m sec 1096 21416 ft min 5 6 108 8 m sec 0 01inH O 0 001kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 60inH O 15kPa 1550 24992 ft min 7 9 127 m sec 1550 29640 ft min 7 9 150 6 m sec 0 01inH 0 0 01kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 30inH 0 32 3kPa 2281 24992 ft min 11 6 127 0 m sec 2281 41668 ft min 11 6 211 7 m sec 0 1inH O 0 01kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 200inH O 49 8kPa 2829 24992 ft min 14 4 127 m sec 2829 49609 ft min 14 4 252 m sec 0 1inH O 0 01kPa 1ft min 0 1m s 400inH 0 99 5kPa 4001 24992 ft min 20 3 127 m sec 4001 49646 ft min 20 3 252 2 m sec 0 1inH O 0 01kPa 1ft min 0 1m s Compressible flow Reduced air velocity accuracy for V gt 100m s 328ft s if using FKT 3DP1A or FKT 1DP1A SV meters The FKT 2DP1A C is recommended for this velocity range LE Air velocity range limited by supersonic flow form
11. 9 67 Kelvin Celsius K 273 15 LENGTH CONVERSION TABLE m m mm mile yard ft in m 1 100 0 0008 1 0934 3 281 3037 mm 0001 1 6 218107 0 0011 0 0033 0 059 mile 1609 3 16110 1 1760 5280 63360 yard 0 9146 914 4 0 0006 ft ESSES 0 3048 304 8 0 0002 0 333 in 0 0254 254 1 58x10 0 0278 0 0833 1 ref tera T giga G mega M mitm 000 nano n 0 000 000 001 pico p 0 000 000 000 007 33
12. MEASUREMENT ss 19 1 Overview 19 2 Measurement of Velocity 19 3 Pitot Static tube duct surveys 25 4 Using the FKT 1DPIA SV for Surveys 24 D gt MAINTENANCE scsccsscesss ssshecieaboteseedsoansnasovehsd cdnonesecpubuscocsosnss yassbasvsateevagansnbcstaciosvcs egoneanebaass 27 1 Operational maintenance 27 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 2 Battery maintenance 27 3 User Calibration 27 E SSPECTRICA TIONS sans tar nes Ze 30 Pe UNIT CONVERSIONS Ss na 32 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC LIMITATIONS OF USAGE AND CAUTIONS The FKT series of instruments are not intrinsically safe and must not be used in dangerous or hazardous areas Servicing of these instruments incorporating battery changing must only occur in a safe area Use of the FKT series may require working in a hazardous environment Necessary safety precautions must be followed FlowKineticsTM LLC s products including the FKT series are not authorized for use as any component in a life support system or device or as component of an aircraft s on board flight system Life support systems or devices are defined as any system that can sustain monitor or support life The pressure transducers used by the FKT system are compatible with most clean non corrosive gases however toxic gases are not suitable nor are liquid pressure measurements Measuring flows with high particulate content requires filtering to pr
13. T resuming to display velocity in the units determined by the RANGE setting If standard deviation option is selected the standard deviation for the volumetric flow rate Q A will be displayed see Section B11 for use of this data If the ft m RANGE has been selected the results will show the Sandaig deviation in both standard ft m e g FL and actual ft m e g 1 LM multiplication by the cross cional area E he duct in ft will give the nda deviation in both SCFM and ACFM for the surveyed duct A sample screen is sketched below To resume functioning press ZERO The instrument will prompt if the CONTR has been reset 25 4 Point Example FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 6 Point Example Rectangular Ducts Centroids of Equal Areas Distance from wall x W or y H 0 375 0 625 0 875 0 300 0 500 0 700 0 900 0 250 0 417 0 583 0 750 0 214 0 357 0 500 0 643 Circular ducts Centroids of Equal Areas Distance from wall x D or y D 0 704 0 853 0 957 0 323 0 677 0 806 0 895 0 968 0 226 0 342 0 658 0 774 0 854 0 177 0 250 0 356 0 644 0 750 Rectangular Ducts Log Tchebycheff Distance from wall x W o y H 0 288 0 500 0 712 0 926 0 235 0 437 0 563 0 765 0 203 0 366 0 500
14. al Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC x 10 375kPa 0 082kPa 68 3 probability x 10 375kPa 2x 0 082kPa 10 375kPa 0 164kPa 95 5 probability x 10 375kPa 3x 0 082kPa 10 375kPa 0 246kPa 99 7 probability and 0 082 x 10 375k Pat kPa 10 375kPa 0 0136kPa 68 3 probability x 10 375kPa 2x STE kPa 10 375k Pa 0 0273kPa 95 5 probability x 10 375k Pat3x kPa 10 375k Pat 0 0410k Pa 99 7 probability The data may be interpreted as follows For the measurements above the true mean value x of the 36 data points should lie between 10 347kPa and 10 402kPa with a 95 5 probability similarly for the other probabilities If an additional data point was recorded ie a 37 sample it should within a 95 5 probability lie within 10 211kPa and 10 539kPa x Note that x is an estimate of the uncertainty of each sample and x is an estimate of the uncertainty of the true mean value of the measurement it defines the interval in which the average of the 36 samples should lie For most engineering applications x has more significance When in survey mode Section C4 the sample standard deviation of each survey point can be recorded These standard deviations are then statistically summed by the FKT IDPIA SV to yield the sample standard deviation Sx for the entire survey see sketch below SK es The pooled standard deviation of the means x may then be calculated using the e
15. amping can still be adjusted The FKT IDPIA SV will calculate the standard deviation for each survey point until completion For each survey point the calculated standard deviation of the measurement will be displayed followed by the measured velocity These parameters are continuously calculated To store the value press the ZERO button It may be necessary to keep it depressed for a few seconds until the point index increases showing the value has been stored Note the standard deviation will not be calculated if this option is not selected initially 1 e Point 1 1 to avoid erroneous computation Continue the survey until all points have been recorded The results will then be displayed A sample screen is sketched below To determine the volumetric flow rate multiply the indicated Q A value by the duct cross sectional area at the measurement station in corresponding units e g m or ft Similarly to determine the mass flow rate multiply the displayed m A value by the duct cross sectional area at the measurement station in corresponding units e g m or ft If the ft m RANGE has been selected e ur will show the Unes flu Wayi in both standard ft m e g it and actual ft m e g Lp multiplication by the cross estica area 1 of the duct in ft will g give the SCFM and ACFM for the surveyed duct If the standard deviation option has not been selected pressing the ZERO button will clear the display and show the FK
16. ated and within 9 lt V SP DC ADAPTOR FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 4 Tubing Connections The instrument is supplied with by inch silicone tubing During measurement ensure that e The tubing is of approximately equal length e The tubing is un kinked and non constricted e Use the full length of the supplied tubing when measuring dirty or saturated air streams to avoid any contaminants draining into the pressure ports e Do not moisten the tubing to attach to the port barbs The moisture can block the tubes and interfere with the transmission of pressure e The FKT series must not be left in direct sunlight for any long time periods e Pressures greater than 2 5 times the differential transducer s range must not be applied to either of the transducers input ports e The common mode pressure limit for each port is 10 psig CAUTION The FKT series are not suitable for use with toxic or corrosive gases or for liquid pressure measurement The FKT series are not approved for use in any life support application CAUTION When removing tubing from the barbs ensure that the face of the instrument is supported before pulling on the tubing i e place two fingers on the surface adjacent to the barb DO NOT PULL ON THE TUBING WITHOUT SUPPORTING THE PLATE Remove the tubing individually CAUTION If the FKT series instrument is used in a flow with high pa
17. ction C for details on duct surveys 7 Temperature and Relative Humidity measurement Temperature is measured by the K type thermocouple that can be inserted into a duct or attached to a velocity probe while testing For accurate measurements the tip of the thermocouple should be exposed to the flow directly so it can measure the stagnation temperature The exposed tip of the thermocouple is ideal for measuring in gases Care should be taken to avoid direct contact of the tip with metal or liquids If the instrument is operated with the thermocouple disconnected then the meter will display a standard temperature of 70 F 21 1 C The relative humidity is measured by the plastic detachable probe shown in Fig B7 If measuring relative humidity in a location such as a duct the probe tip is inserted into the duct For insertion of the relative humidity probe into gas streams it is necessary that the gas is clean and free of contaminants If the relative humidity sensor is disconnected the 15 8 10 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC instrument will assume a value of 0 relative humidity Fig B7 Relative Humidity probe CAUTION The maximum immersion temperature of the RH probe is 85 C 185 F The relative humidity probe must only be inserted into clean uncontaminated gas streams CAUTION Turn off the instrument before connecting or disconnecting the temperature or RH probe
18. ement of target flow density is unnecessary i e the thermocouple and RH probe can be left out of the test area 3 Pitot Static tube duct surveys If average duct velocities or mass or volumetric flow rates are required it is necessary to perform a Pitot traverse of the duct This involves taking measurements at various positions across the duct Before a traverse is conducted it is necessary to select a suitable location to perform the survey If possible avoid traverses close to fans dampers pipe bends expansions etc Try to survey at least 8 duct diameters downstream of the aforementioned elements and 2 duct diameters upstream of these elements The survey is performed with the aid of Fig C3 Either the Centroids of Equal Areas or Log Tchebycheff point distribution may be used A survey proceeds as follows 1 Decide on the number of survey points and then mark these on the Pitot tube using a marker or adjustable spring clips present on some Pitot Static tubes 2 Atthe selected survey location drill two perpendicular holes in the duct for a round duct or the desired number of holes for a rectangular duct ensuring sufficient hole clearance to safely insert the Pitot Static tube 3 Partially insert the thermocouple and RH probe in an additional hole located close to the previously drilled holes You can attach them to the Pitot if desired 4 Connect Pabs to a static pressure tap ring close to the survey location or use a T ba
19. event damage to the instrument Any attempts to service or modify or alter the product in any way will void the warranty and will negate any right of claim against FlowKinetics LLC relating to any liability in respect of the product WARRANTY All of FlowKinetics LLC s instruments have been assembled using strictly defined and controlled procedures and tests and are warranted against any faults in workmanship and materials for one year from the date of purchase Liability under this warranty is limited to repair or replacement F O B factory of any parts which prove to be defective within that time or repayment of the purchase price at the Seller s option provided the product has been returned transportation prepaid within one year from date of purchase In no case is the Seller liable beyond replacement of product F O B factory or the full purchase price This warranty does not apply if the product or equipment is abused altered used at ratings above the maximum specified used with disregard of instructions and specified operating procedures or otherwise misused in any way All technical advice recommendations and services are based on technical data and information which the Seller believes to be reliable and are intended for use by persons having skill and knowledge of the application on their own judgment There are no implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose for goods covered hereunder In no eve
20. for air After these values have been set they can be stored by pressing the ZERO button again It may be necessary to reset the LCD screen contrast using the CONTR control to its center position afterwards Values of M can range up to 150g mol Ratio of specific heats can vary from 1 1 to 1 8 Subsequently the unit will perform an initial auto zero and be ready for operation Auto zeroing will occur every six minutes afterwards unless initiated by the user 5 Power down The unit is switched off by depressing the ON OFF button 6 Pressure Velocity ranges Range selection is accomplished by rotating the switch to the desired position shown by the indicator mark The initial selection of any of the velocity ranges m s ft s and ft m will cause the instrument to prompt for the Pitot correction factor K which is set using the CONTR control This prompt is only displayed during the initial selection of the desired velocity range See section C for details If the velocity ranges are being used to measure velocity of gas exiting a nozzle then K can be left at the default value of one If the nozzles discharge coefficient is known then the square root of this coefficient may be entered as K provided it ranges from 0 75 to 1 ae pos un n a a range Tor the FKTIDPIA SV model will show the prompt Far Fi y a it LO j If a measurements are died wait a 3 Be to enter this option To perform a duct flow survey press the ZERO button See se
21. ic tube will be illustrated with an example Example A standard round nose Pitot Static tube has static orifices located 2D from the base of the tip and 10D from the stem s center line What is the correction factor K From Fig C2 the tip error is 1 4 and the stem error is 0 8 The net error is 0 6 Thus the indicated dynamic pressure will be too high The correct 20 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC dynamic pressure and velocity is then Paynamic correct 1 0 6 100 0 994 and Veorrect 0 994 Wars 0 997V indicated Thus by inspection for this tube K 0 997 To simplify determination of the factor K Table 3 may also be used which shows the factors for various Pitot tube geometric variations for a standard round junction tube Table 3 Pitot Static tube correction factor K Dist from Tip xD The velocity indicated by the FKT series instrument would then be corrected by multiplication by K for a non unity Pitot Static tube This correction is automatically performed by the instrument after storage of the factor K see below Storing the Pitot tube Correction factor K The first time after power up that a velocity range is selected will cause the FKT to enter the Probe correction interface It defaults to K 1 00 If a probe with a non unity value is used such as an S type probe press ZERO to edit the value
22. ing a shock wave on the nose of the Pitot Static tube Units of inH2O are defined at 16 C 60 F FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC CAUTION Although the unit possesses auto protection which significantly reduces the possibility of differential transducer damage due to overload under no circumstances should differential pressures greater than 2 5 times the maximum rating be applied Temperature Humidity Measurement The instrument has two detachable probes that allow for the measurement of test point temperature and humidity The relative humidity probe s range is from 0 to 99 For insertion of the humidity probe into airstreams it is necessary that the gas be clean and free of contaminants The relative humidity probe is designed to operate in a temperature range of 40 F 40 C to 185 F 85 C If the temperature recorded by the meter is outside these limits the humidity reading will default to 0 The relative humidity probe comes with a three prong copper connector The included temperature probe is a K type wire thermocouple with a range of 73 C 100 F to 482 C 900 F The FKT instrument can work with other K type thermocouples and can display temperatures from 200 C 328 F to 777 C 1430 F depending on the thermocouple materials The included thermocouple comes with a quick disconnect miniature connector Data Logging Using the optional FlowScan Software Suite logging o
23. ints total number of points surveyed V is the indicated velocity at each measurement point Thus using a Centroids of Equal Areas or Log Tchebycheff point distribution allows the velocity measurements to simply be summed and averaged Mass flow rate m lo m pQ Aer 2 PV i l where p is the density of the gas in the duct NOTE Assuming fully developed turbulent flow with low air swirl rotation i e after a long section of duct the average duct velocity may be estimated using a single Pitot reading at the center of the duct The average velocity is then approximately 0 9 of this reading with an accuracy of 5 Guidelines suggest that for a velocity distribution to be acceptable 75 or more of the velocity measurements must be greater than 10 of the maximum measured velocity of the survey Using the FKT 1DP1A SV for Surveys The FKT 1DPIA SV can be used independently to perform surveys of ducts The instrument performs the integration of the data and presents the volumetric and mass flux for the duct surveyed in real time To determine the volumetric or mass flow rate it is only necessary to multiply the indicated value on the display by the duct cross sectional area at the measurement station in the appropriate units m or ft See section 3 above for details on performing the survey To select the survey mode a if the RANGE control is set on either kPa inH 0 mmHg or psi then turn the RANGE co
24. itive pressures are applied by connecting your pressure reference to the barb while negative pressures are applied by connecting to the barb Connect your pressure reference to the transducer on the FKT instrument which is to be calibrated Ensure that all tubing is firmly attached Apply pressures For each applied pressure as measured or imposed by your pressure reference e g a dead weight record the indicated pressure from the FKT instrument You can either copy this down from the LCD screen or use FlowScan to record the instrument outputs You will then have data of the form for example for P1 Note that the units of Pref and Pman must be the same Pressures can be applied in either kPA inH O 60 F mmHg 60 F or psi Note the temperature reference 60 F for the inH2O and mmHg units Pref kPa Pman kPa These are the pressures you These are the displayed apply or measure using your pressures from the FKT primary reference instrument 28 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 6 For each transducer plot this data as shown below data for Pl presented Pref kPa Pref 1 0004Pman 0 006 2 2 2 Au 3 S a 4 The solid circles represent the plotted data For each plot fit a linear regression to the data points In the example above this form of curve fit yielded Pref 1 0004Pman 0 006 with a correlation coefficient R
25. lace all the batteries with fresh batteries Be careful to ensure the correct battery polarity as indicated on the battery holder Do not mix batteries of different age brands or types e Re connect the battery snap to the battery pack Check to ensure a positive connection e Carefully insert the pack into the battery compartment e Replace the compartment cover plate Hand tighten the lid anchor screws 3 User Calibration Caution altering the factory calibration may affect the calibrated accuracy of the FKT series instruments and thereby may remove any rights of claim against FlowKinetics LLC relating to product liability or to any consequential damage to any third party If in doubt return the instrument to FlowKinetics LLC for calibration The differential transducers in all FKT instruments are factory calibrated against a primary standard a 0 05 of reading dead weight tester prior to shipment This dead weight is referenced to standard gravity 980 665cm s and corrected to local gravity 979 343cm s It is suggested that any user calibration should use a similar type of primary standard to ensure accuracy If desired the unit can be user calibrated As will be seen calibration is easily accomplished Calibration is achieved by storing a correction factor Kcal for each differential transducer This factor can change the factory determined span of each transducer by up to 1 If it is determined that a correction grea
26. n the design of the Pitot Static tube NOTE This equation is typically valid for incompressible constant density flow High velocities V will lead to increasing errors as shown in Table 2 19 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC Table 2 Velocity error due to compressibility Tstaic constant If data for a particular Pitot tube is not available the factor K may be estimated This factor is dependent on the spacing of the Pitot tubes static pressure ports see Fig C1 from the base of the Pitot tube s tip and the stem s center line Prandtl type Pitot tubes Standard Round Junction Pitot Static Tube Static Pressure Error of dynamic pressure 2 0 4 8 12 16 Distance from Pitot Static Tube base of tip or centre line of vertical stem to static holes Diameters xD Fig C2 Effect of static pressure hole location from Pitot Static Tube stem or tip typically have factors K close to 1 Figure C2 shows the effect and error of the location of the static pressure tappings on the static pressure error The lower line gives the static pressure error associated with the distance of the static ports from the base of the tip expressed in diameters The upper line presents the static pressure error due to the distance of the static ports expressed in diameters from the stem center line The use of Fig C2 to find the factor K for a given Pitot Stat
27. ng individually Use fingers to BATTERY s O O FlowKinetics LLC FKT Series Meter 2 O kPa inH20 mmHg psi m s foe ft s ir ft m E PC ZERO ON OFF RANGE O 27 Fig B5 FKT 1DP1A SV series face plate differential pressure units GER differential pressure IF density probe temperature 4 absolute or atmospheric pressure A I damping Fi gt F s low battery humidity ratio mY relative humidity molecular weight Fig B6 FKT 1DP1A SV series LCD presentation 14 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 4 Power up To switch the unit on the ON OFF button is depressed The screen will indicate the instrument series followed by a prompt to calibrate the differential pressure transducers if necessary see section D3 Subsequently the screen will show indications that the analog digital a d Sul are re being nes Following calibration the screen will indicate that the Gas Me L ighi can be changed The calculation of density requires this value The default value is for air M 28 97g mol If the test medium is another gas then press the ZERO button to edit the value M can be set by rotation of the CONTR control until the desired value is displayed In the FKT 2DP1A C model the value of the ratio of specific heats y can also be changed by rotating DAMP only if M is not the default air The default value of y is 1 4
28. nt will the manufacturer be responsible for consequential incidental or special damages resulting from the use of this product Buyer s Remedies The buyer s exclusive and sole remedy on account of or in respect to the furnishing of non conforming or defective material shall be to secure replacement thereof as said above The seller shall not in any event be liable for the cost of any labor expended on any such material or for any special direct indirect consequential or incidental damages to anyone or any property by reason of the fact that it shall have been non conforming or defective Repairs Authorization must be obtained before shipping items to FlowKinetics LLC for repairs When requesting a repair please include a detailed description of the problem with the item date of purchase your P O or reference number and our invoice number if available In the interest of product improvement FlowKinetics LLC reserves the right to change the design features without any prior notice FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC A INTRODUCTION 1 Overview The FKT series of instruments are portable self contained micro processor based process pressure acquisition systems The FKT series allow for the simultaneous measurement and display of one FKT 1DP1A SV two FKT 2DPIA C or three FKT 3DP1A independent differential pressures as well as concurrent measurement and display of atmospheric pre
29. ntrol to the desired velocity or flow rate unit or b if the RANGE control is set to either m s ft s or ft m turn the range control to any pressure unit eu turn it back to the ened any or nion rate unit In screen wal display the prompt F Fi 4 bo Eur To ne a survey press fhe ZERO To hen approximately 3 on of the initial dupla or ine pompt Ike screen twill prompt t aF 3 Rotate te CONTR ol Socket to re a Found ain or anti clockwise to select a ee ur An ZERO The a screen ka neip A lie of N ranging om 3 to 12 Gite will be displayed depending on the CONTR pre set For a rectangular duct N is the number of Points Row For a round duct N is 2xPoints Radius i e the total number of points along one diameter Set N using the CONTR control Press ZERO to store N The instrument val Sn x nyniber g pols The PUR screen vn men Pe Ane a Flo indicates row X Doi y For a would indicate that the 24 E The survey de E rectangular duct surveyed with a 4 x 4 grid i FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC Pitot should be positioned at the 2 row and the 3 point along the row If the flow appears unsteady the DAMPing can be increased until the reading stabilizes If the standard deviation of the survey is required turn the DAMP control fully clockwise The F symbol on the top right of the screen will be replaced by indicating that statistical analysis has been selected The d
30. of 1 indicating a good fit The slope of this curve or the multiplier of Pman i e 1 0004 is then the value which is inputted into the instrument i e Kcal for this transducer Repeat this procedure for all additional transducers that you wish to calibrate To input the corrections 1 After powering up the FKT instrument pee ine ZERO button whee ee with the following For Transducer Dalib Press 2 The EN Kcal for transducer P1 can be set by rotation of the CONTR control When you have set Kcal to your calculated value for this transducer press the ZERO button The stored value will then be shown in the next screen 3 The display will then prompt for the user to set the correction for the next transducer Two correction factors will be inputted for the FKT 2DP1A C model and three for the FKT 3DPIA After setting the final Kcal it may be necessary to reset the LCD screen contrast using the CONTR control 4 TO RESTORE Eae mo When in the Calibration Interface a default Kcal value of E ii is always shown initially for each transducer Simply store this alle er pressing the ZERO button for each transducer This will reset the instrument to its factory calibration 29 E SPECIFICATIONS Enclosure FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC UV protected water resistant and virtually unbreakable Dimensions Length 8 7 in 220 9 mm Width 7 5 in 190 5 mm Height 3 9 in 99 1 mm
31. of permanent damage to the transducers When performing a duct survey the auto zero function is suspended FKT1DP1A SV model only Standard deviation s1 The FKT 1DPIA SV model allows calculation of the standard deviation of measured differential pressures or calculated velocities Turning the DAMP control fully clockwise enables real time calculation of the sample standard deviation Sx for nee series of sampled data The calculation is indicated by the replacement of the symbol by 1 on the top right of the PA screen dona depending on the RANGE selected F will be replaced by 5 i by 4 The sample standard deviation is a measure of the precision or en of the de about the mean The FKT 1DP1A SV calculates it using sequences of 36 samples N 36 using the formula 16 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 1 2 gt x Xx ae The uncertainty interval the region in which we estimate the true value to lie for a given uncertainty e g 90 95 etc may be written as x xH t Sx i where x is the estimated interval of value P For the Sx value calculated by the FKT 1DP1A SV the estimated interval x can be calculated using Sx 68 3 probability 2Sx 95 5 probability 3Sx 99 7 probability SS a Il sp Sl Thus to a 95 5 confidence interval it may be expected that the measurement will lie within the interval given by x x 2Sx similarly for the other
32. or the atmospheric absolute pressure The displayed units are applicable to all installed differential transducers The temperature as measured by the thermocouple Temperature units are displayed so as to be compatible with the pressure velocity range selected The Relative Humidity percentage as measured by the relative humidity probe If the measured temperature exceeds 480 C 896 F the unit of temperature i e C or F will be replaced by the symbol RH exceeding 99 will also be indicated by the appearance of the symbol The damping level selected The ambient or test point density The temperature and relative humidity measured in combination with the absolute pressure transducer are used to calculate the density The density is displayed in kg m for the FKT 2DP1A C and FKT 3DPIA series Density appropriate for the RANGE selection is shown by the FKT IDPIA SV series in either kg m or Ib ft The specific heat ratio y and gas molecular weight M in grams mol Low battery will be indicated by the appearance of on the top right hand side of the display indicating that the supply battery voltage under load has dropped below approximately 8V At this point the batteries should be replaced or the instrument may begin to malfunction during auto zero If the batteries are ee depleted when the meter is started the message Baier Le will show and the meter will not continue antl new buttenes are installed or
33. probability intervals The variance of the distribution of the mean values for a single finite data set can be estimated by calculating the standard deviation of the means S x which is simply calculated using Sx N for N 36 samples JN 6 The estimate of the true mean value x is now stated as x Xtt SX where x is the estimated interval of value P For the Sx value calculated by the FKT 1DP1A SV the estimated interval x can be calculated using xX xt amp 68 3 probability x x 2Sx 95 5 probability x x 3Sx 99 7 probability The use of these expressions is best illustrated by example Pressure measurements are taken The FKT 1DP1A SV displays a sample standard deviation of FE Fa Sx note that the instrument will continually display new estimates E Sx as en 36 soe are acquired Measurement of the pressure has indicated a value of F de YEP x When estimating pressures or velocities to be used in con with dd deviation estimates the DAMPing should be set to amp the number of samples used to calculate the pressure or velocity should be the same as the number of samples use to calculate the standard deviation If performing a duct survey the average volumetric flow rate flux 1 e the volumetric flow rate per unit area will be displayed see Section C4 followed by the standard deviation if this function has been enabled Section C4 So we may estimate 17 11 FKT Series User Manu
34. quations above Humidity Ratio W The FKT IDPIA SV model calculates the humidity ratio The humidity ratio id also referred to as moisture content or mixing ratio is the mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air The ratio is calculated and displayed in kg of water vapor kg dry air or Ib of water vapor lb dry air the value is the same Units for this measurement are not displayed on the LCD screen 18 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC C USING A PITOT STATIC TUBE FOR VELOCITY MEASUREMENT 1 Overview In this section use of a Pitot Static tube in conjunction with the FKT series instrument will be explained The Pitot Static tube allows the direct measurement of dynamic pressure allowing calculation of the gas velocity in ducts pipes wind tunnels etc 2 Measurement of Velocity A Pitot Static tube is shown in Fig C1 Static pressure ports Total pressure port Stem Static pressure barb P Total pressure barb P Fig C1 Generic Pitot Static tube configuration The Pitot Static tube measures the total pressure or impact pressure at the nose of the Pitot tube and the static pressure of the gas stream at side ports The difference of these pressures i e the dynamic or velocity pressure Paynamic varies with the square of the gas velocity Thus the gas velocity may be expressed as DIP vet Fu 1 where p is the gas density and K is a correction factor dependent o
35. r maximum accuracy However if in doubt as to the expected velocities use the largest pressure range available to avoid overloading If using the FKT 2DP1A C series the ratio of the specific heats y must be set If the target gas is Air the value of y 1 40 is automatically stored during the initialization sequence The Pitot Static tube can then be carefully inserted into the gas flow It may be necessary to drill holes into the ducting for insertion The absolute pressure temperature and RH must be measured simultaneously with the differential pressure measured by the Pitot Static tube for best accuracy The supplied T barb splitter can be used to connect the static port of the Pitot Static tube to the P port of the differential pressure transducer as well as the Pabs absolute T barb pressure transducer see the sketch below A Splitter Pitot Static tube with K of approximately unity should be used when this type of connection is employed 22 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC In many applications the ambient density may be close to the target gas density This can readily be determined using the FKT series by recording the ambient density displayed continuously followed by the target gases density The density will be calculated and autonomously presented by the FKT series through measurement of absolute pressure temperature and RH If the density is comparable then simultaneous measur
36. r recording instrument outputs is fully automated and greatly simplified FlowScanTM also includes computational features and can calculate volumetric and mass flow rates for surveyed ducts The suite includes the FlowScanTM stand alone application FlowScan Excel Add In and the libraries such as the LabVIEW Virtual Instrument The data logging facility also allows the instrument to function as a component of an external data acquisition program Refer to the FlowScan manual for more details FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC B OPERATION OF THE FKT SERIES 1 Overview In this section the operation of the instrument will be detailed It will be evident that a strong emphasis in the design of the FKT series is on simplicity of use Operation is straightforward and unambiguous 2 Power Connection e Plug the Power Adaptor into a suitable AC outlet e Connect the Power Adaptor output plug into the POWER socket on the instrument e For battery connection and maintenance see section D2 3 Controls The controls on the face plate of the FKT 3DP1A Figs Bl and B2 and FKT 2DP1A C Figs B3 and B4 and FKT IDPIA SV Figs B5 and B6 are as follows information particular to the FKT 2DP1A C series is shown in italics and is underlined for the FKT IDPIA SV ON OFF This button turns the instrument on or off through sequential depression When in the ON position the button remains semi depressed RANGE The inst
37. rb to connect to the static Pitot tube port see sketch above 5 Carefully insert the Pitot Static tube into the duct and position at the first traverse location Ensure that the Pitot Static tube is aligned with the axis of the duct using the alignment guide on the tube as a reference 6 Wait for the readout on the display to stabilize If the readout continues to oscillate increase the damping DAMP If the magnitude of the oscillations is greater than 25 then another measuring point should be considered as the results may not be representative 7 When stabilized record the desired reading s 8 Move the Pitot Static tube to the next traversing point and repeat 5 and 7 until the traverse is complete 9 Repeat points 5 8 for the other traverse locations Once the traverse has been completed the volumetric and mass flow rate through the duct can be calculated as follows Volumetric flow rate Q 1 n Q A duct gt yy N iz For specifics regarding validation of surveys etc the following references are suggested 1 ASHRAE 1988 Practices for measurement testing adjusting and balancing of building heating ventilation air conditioning and refrigeration systems Standard 111 1988 Atlanta GA and 2 AABC 1989 National standards 5 ed volume measurements Washington D C 23 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC where A quct is the duct cross sectional area n is the number of po
38. responding velocity ranges with 2A displayed screen resolution The velocity ranges were calculated using v Where p v is velocity Ap is the differential pressure and p is the density assumed to be 1 2kg m Any combination of these ranges can be ordered prior to instrument assembly The pressure transducers are true differential sensors positive pressures can be applied to either port The absolute pressure transducer if left unconnected displays local atmospheric pressure or if connected to a duct system the duct absolute pressure which is then used for density calculation The absolute transducer has a range of vacuum to 120kPa 17 4psi and in no circumstances should a pressure greater than twice the CE Pressure Range aximum be applied Over pressure will be indicated by the appearance of ml on the LCD display Table 1 Transducer pressure and velocity ranges Veloci Range FKT 3DP1A FKT 1DP1A SV FKT 2DP1A C Display Resolution 0 25inH O 60Pa 100 2000 ft min 0 5 10 2 m sec 100 2000 ft min 0 5 10 2 m sec 0 0001inH O 0 00001kPa 1ft min 0 01m s Ha es 0 5inH O 124Pa 141 2829 ft min 0 7 14 4 m sec 141 2829 ft min 0 7 14 4 m sec 0 0001inH O 0 0001kPa 1f min 0 01m s 1 0inH 0 249Pa 200 4001 ft min 1 20 3 m sec 200 4001 ft min 1 20 3 m sec 0 001inH 0 0 0001kPa 1f min 0 01m s SinH 0 1 2kPa 44
39. rticulate content filters must be installed on the tubing between the probe and the instrument Any unused ports should be covered if the ambient around the instrument is also dirty CAUTION Always connect the tubing and probe to the instrument first before inserting the probe into the flow or connecting the tubing to the pressure source This prevents from too many contaminants filling the tubing 5 Accessories The instrument is supplied complete with all required accessories for pressure measurement These include 1 A carrying case with shoulder strap The case accommodates the instrument and most required accessories 2 Lengths of silicone pressure tubing rated to 20psi 3 AC wall adaptor with desired plug US European English or Australian 4 Temperature and relative humidity sensors Optional Accessories 1 A velocity probe can be supplied Available probes are Pitot static for general velocity measurements S type Pitot probes suitable for dirty flows and RAP probes designed to quickly determine flow rates in ducts 2 FlowScan software suite and cable to access the instrument readings from a computer FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC 6 Pressure Measurement The FKT series allow for the simultaneous measurement of one FKT IDPIA SV two FKT 2DP1A C or three FKT 3DP1A differential and one absolute pressure Table 1 shows available pressure ranges and cor
40. rument has four available pressure ranges and three velocity ranges Range selection is accomplished by rotating the switch to the desired position indicated by the indicator mark ZERO Depressing the ZERO button initiates the auto zero cycle Automatic re zeroing will continue every six minutes after key depression The ZERO button also serves to store the user set molecular weight calibration factor Section D3 Pitot tube correction factor Section C This button is also used to store duct shape and store survey readings CONTR This controls the screen contrast and backlight to best suit the ambient light conditions The backlight will tum on when the control is turned fully clockwise Please note that turning the backlight on will consume significantly more power Batteries will be drained faster if the backlight is on The CONTR control also sets the target gas molecular weight the calibration factor Section D3 and the Pitot tube correction factor Section C DAMP Rotating the control varies the damping from a 1 to 8 as indicated by to Fi on the upper right hand portion of the display see Fig B2 The damping feature is used when measuring unsteady or pulsating pressures Damping is achieved through averaging of collected data The number of averages varies with the papare of the indicated numerical post fix or 1 to 8 value e g a setting of indicates that the pressures or velocities presented on the screen comprises
41. ssure target gas temperature and relative humidity RH The last three parameters are used to calculate density which is also displayed In conjunction with a Pitot Static tube the series can display measured velocity accounting for true gas density p all models and compressibility i e p constant FKT 2DP1A C series The FKT IDP1A SV can be used to perform surveys of ducts as well as estimate the standard deviations of measured pressures and velocities The instruments interface with a PC allowing data logging functions and can configure as a component of a data acquisition system Figure Al identifies the components of the series LCD Screen io LS A D QU Controls ae Battery 2 Compartment AN Power Adapter NS 8 SAA Relative Humidity Sensor SQ EE Pitot Probe Temperature sensor optional K Type thermocouple Typ ne Silicone Tubing Fig Al FKT series components 2 Features e Simultaneous measurement and display of o One to three independent differential pressures This allows excellent flexibility in that multiple pressures may be measured simultaneously or the transducer yielding optimum accuracy for a particular application may be selected o Gas temperature o Gas Relative Humidity FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC o Atmospheric pressure or absolute pressure o Real time true gas density including effects of temperature and water
42. st alphanumeric LCD with LED backlight Viewing area 4 02 in 102 mm by 1 63 in 41 5 mm Pressure units kPa inH O mmHg and psi Velocity units m s ft s and ft min Temperature units C and F Density units kg m Humidity units percent For FKT IDPIA SV Humidity mass ratio kg of water vapor kg dry air Volumetric flux units m s ft s ft m sft m scfm Mass flux units kg m s 1b ft s 1b ft m Compatible Mediums Clean dry non corrosive non flammable gases Output RS232 serial port interface 9 pin connector USB adapter USBA or USBA2 available as an accessory Warranty One year parts and labor 31 F UNIT CONVERSIONS Rows units converting to FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC Columns units converting from PRESSURE CONVERSION TABLE inH20 mH20 psi inHg mmHg mbar Pa 1 0 025375 0 0361 0 07348 1 866 2 488 248 84 39 409 1 1 42233 2 8959 73 55592 98 0665 9806 65 27 708 0 70307 1 2 03602 5 1 71493 68 9476 6894 757 13 609 0 34532 0 49115 1 25 4 33 8639 3386 388 0 536 0 01359 0 01934 0 03937 1 1 3332 133 322 0 402 0 01019 0 0145 0 02953 0 75006 1 100 0 004019 0 000102 0 00015 0 000295 0 0075 0 01 1 VELOCITY CONVERSION TABLE cm s ft s m s km hr knots 1
43. t probe taking the speed measurements Only one velocity should be measured at any instant using the FKT 2DP1A C series i e although both differential transducers may be used to read two different velocities simultaneously this may cause potential errors in the displayed value of T and RH for speeds above 80m s 262ft s CAUTION The maximum immersion temperature of the RH probe is 85 C 185 F The relative humidity probe must only be inserted into clean uncontaminated gas streams CAUTION The FKT series are not suitable for use with toxic or corrosive gases or for liquid pressure measurement CAUTION Ifthe FKT series instrument is used in a flow with high particulate content filters must be installed on the tubing between the probe and the instrument Any unused ports should be covered if the ambient around the instrument is also dirty CAUTION Always connect the tubing and probe to the instrument first before inserting the probe into the flow This prevents contaminants from filling the tubing Measurement starts with attachment of silicone or Tygon tubing to the Pitot Static tube and the pressure transducer of choice The P connection barb of the transducer is connected to the Total pressure port of the Pitot tube and the Static pressure port of the Pitot tube is connected to the transducers P barb connection see Fig Cl The appropriate transducer for the expected velocity range should be used fo
44. ter than this is required then the instrument must be returned to FlowKinetics LLC for factory recalibration and maintenance The following sequence is suggested for calibrating the instrument Ensure that the FKT instrument has been powered up for at least 10 minutes Check that your primary calibration standard is within operation 27 FKT Series User Manual Copyright 2002 2015 FlowKinetics LLC specifications and is functioning correctly Correct for any differences between reference temperature 60 F and ambient temperature if using inH20 or mmHg Also correct for any differences in gravity between where the calibration is being performed and that of the standard gravity of the dead weight tester Standard gravity is 980 665cm s To perform the calibration 1 2 Check the range of the differential transducers P1 P2 and P3 depending on the model in your FKT instrument For each differential transducer or the transducer s you wish to calibrate break up the pressure range into uniform intervals e g for a 0 5psi 3 5kPa FS full scale transducer you could apply pressure in 0 5kPa intervals larger intervals could also be used a standard 4 point calibration consisting of loading at 0 5FS and 0 9FS will suffice If using a dead weight your weight set will determine the intervals that may be used For this example pressures would then be applied from 3 5kPa 3kPa 2 5kPa OkPa 0 5kPa to 3 5kPa Pos
45. to three depending on the series sequential clicks approximately 3 seconds apart Simultaneously the screen will display the differential pressure transducer in the process of being zeroed Auto protection If the applied differential pressure exceeds the transducer rating the instrument will automatically enter the auto zero cycle which will equalize pressure across the differential transducers reducing the possibility of damaging the transducer Data logging with optional FlowScan Software Suite 3 Power Supply amp Batteries The instrument may be powered using either 1 2 8 AA sized pen cell batteries 1 5V each Use dry Alkaline leak proof types If the FKT series is stored or not used for over a week the batteries must be removed An AC adaptor power supply supplied with the instrument The adaptor can operate from 100V Ac to 240V ac 50 60Hz supplies and provides 1100mA at 9Vpc The adaptor has the facility for easy interchange between US European English and Australian plugs Note when the adaptor is plugged into the unit there is no need to remove the batteries they are automatically disconnected CAUTION Use of any power adaptor other than that supplied with the instrument will remove any rights of claim against FlowKinetics LLC relating to product liability or consequential damage against a third party and will void the warranty If an alternative adaptor is used its output voltage range must be regul
46. vapor o Humidity ratio FKT 1DP1A SV only o Standard deviations of differential pressure and velocity FKT IDPIA SV only Extreme ease of use The series was specifically designed to avoid menu driven operation as this usually proves cumbersome and requires continual reference to the manual Almost all required information is displayed concurrently through the use of a large 4 line LCD display Pressures displayed in four user selectable ranges and 3 velocity ranges In conjunction with a Pitot Static tube or multiple tubes up to three velocities based on true gas density are displayed in three user selectable units It is not necessary to post process the measured dynamic pressures to calculate the true gas velocity nor estimate the gas density The FKT 2DP1A C series present velocities corrected for compressibility effects and allow variable specific heat ratios to match that of the target gas The FKT 1DP1A SV model simplifies duct survey measurements and calculates standard deviations of measured velocity Variable damping for measurements involving pulsating flows Auto zeroing without disconnecting from the pressure source through the use of internal solenoids every six minutes reduces zero drift errors and simplifies operation The auto zero function can also be implemented by depressing the zero button This is particularly useful when measuring in conditions with large ambient temperature fluctuations Auto zeroing is indicated by two
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