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1. 0 765 1 111 1 414 1 663 7 1 848 F 1 962 u mit M 2 000 2 00 00 2 00 10 1 962 Shape Type Circular 11 1 848 12 1 663 13 1 414 14 1 111 15 0 765 16 0 390 No Xm Ym 19 0 765 1 111 21 1 414 1 663 1 848 1 962 2 000 1 962 27 1 848 1 663 1 414 1 111 31 0 765 0 390 Settlement foundation with zero stiffness Smax 3 82 cm Manual check s p B 1 v Eo 200 4 00 1 00 1 0 27 20000 0 0384 m 3 84 cm infinite stiff foundation Smax 3 02 cm Manual check s p B 1 v Eo 200 4 00 0 79 1 0 27 20000 0 0302 m 3 02 cm cTp 24 oT 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 mS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Example 2 Circular hollow foundation Geometry Data Outline Points J Xm o 1 0 000 1962 J Xm 0 000 0 195 0 383 37 0 556 0 707 0 831 0 924 41 0 981 1 000 0 981 0 924 0 831 0 707 47 0 831 0 556 0 924 0 383 0 4 0 0 0 1 962 0 390 0 765 1 111 1 414 1 663 7 1 848 1 962 u CMM os er 0 000 2 000 2 00 00 2 00 10 1 962 Shape Type Circular 11 1 848 hollow 12 1 663 13 1 414 R 2000 m 14 1 111 n 32000 m 15 1 848 0 765 t 1000 m 16 1 962 0 390 17 0 000 Paspes s1 TOUS 18 1 UI UI oO lt 3 e x O I e io NO I 0 195 0 000 U9 Ys 3 e 51 6 1 16 4 26 3 36 41 46 50 19 D 2 ma 0
2. cscsccscsceccccscsccccccscnceccccscnceccececscecescecscucescecscsceseececscssess 25 Example 3 Square foundation cscecsccscscsccccccscsccccecscnccececscsceccececncecesecscesescecscncescececscesescecscssess 26 Example 4 Rectangular foundation ccscscccsscscsscccccscsccccccscsceccccecscsccececscecescecscucescecscsceseececscesess 26 Example 5 Square hollow foundation ccccsccscsceccccscsccccccscnceccececnceccececscsceececscsceseececsceseececscesees 28 About the program Pad Expert is a software product for design and detailing of single infinitely stiff RC foundation pads with arbitrary shapes according to Eurocode It is part of Design Expert software package Main features of the program are Static analysis Foundations should be flat with constant thickness They can have arbitrary shapes and dimensions Loads are applied on multiple rectangular columns defined by their positions and sizes Each column is loaded with vertical force NV bending moments My and My and shear forces V and V defined at top of foundation level The program calculates base stress and uplift if any Settlement of foundations with arbitrary shapes is calculated for the selected point or section using either infinite stiffness or zero stiffness models You can calculate influence on neighboring foundations as well Design Internal forces are calculated for selected sections Bending and shear design checks are performed in order t
3. Ease S ____ sevetheurrentdotatoafileonthedsk SCRIPT Save a script file scr with AutoCAD commands needed to create the current drawing in AutoCAD Ls iain A ALL Select all objects in the drawing that are not hidden or locked SELALL pue sn furmsnaptogidmodeonandof Undo wrong action or command Click the 3 button or type the UNDO command It cancels the results from the last command and recovers the previous drawing state You can undo only one step back If you need to go back further use the other commands to recover the original drawing state Redo a command that has been undone Click the 3 button or type the REDO command It repeats the last command in case it has been accidently undone REDO must follow the UNDO command immediately before any other command Otherwise the command cannot be recovered Points and coordinates input Design Expert has its own CAD environment where you can create and modify drawings Some commands require the user to enter coordinates of points You can do this by clicking with the mouse in the drawing window or by typing the coordinates in the command line Typing input should follow some standard formats as described below Coordinates can be absolute or relative to the previous point crp 17 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Input ae T D t X
4. Space key instead of typing it again or pressing a button List of commands A list of all available commands including icons aliases and short descriptions is provided in the table below You can find detailed descriptions of all commands further in this manual Jomm m emm oo ZWCAD Export the current drawing to AutoCAD ZWCAD AUTOCAD COPY CP CO Replicate the selected objects by moving rotating mirroring or scaling E COPYBITMAP B Copy the current drawing as Bitmap to system clipboard where it is v available to paste in other programs COPYMETAFILE CM Copy the current drawing as Metafile COPYWMF 7 5 DELETE E D DEL Delete selected objects from both screen and memory ERASE 4 DESELECTALL DE DESEL Deselect all objects DESELECT DISTANCE DI DIST Measure distance and angle between points a EXIT QUIT Close the program and exit crp 16 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 mS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOO User Manual puo m wmsossdof pue psmaywermmal SS djwmmoR vr mirror the selected objects about a line defined by wo points Dew IN eemesmetie wow Jo openan existing fle romthedisk formo or rum orthogonal drafting mode onandof Cosa os frumobject snap mode on andoft jRonmw RD Redawtesceenven S Wow Ro Rotate the selected objects about a specified center point and ange
5. file with the folder otherwise pictures and formatting will be lost Drawing You can draw the foundation with the reinforcement by going to the Drawing tab A dialog appears where you can enter drawing settings When you finish press the Draw button The dialog is closed and Design Expert internal graphical environment is loaded Both foundation plan and section are generated automatically crp 13 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 C Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Settings settings Settings Bottom reinforcement Round dimensions Shape I j Hound lengths Direction X Po Om Drawing scale Drean TU f U cm Printed text height Top reinforcement Shape n Direction Po Ocm Drawing units Bill of materials v Bending schedule Standard BSSEEE Direction r p Oc Top of concrete 0 00 m External CAD zystem AWCAD Sub concrete 10 cm Concrete cover 3 5 cm Starting mark number Reinforcement symbol Rounding You can specify rounding steps for bar dimensions and total bar lengths Scale You can set drawing scale and text size in millimeters as it should appear on the printouts Actual text size on the screen is automatically calculated according to the scale You can also select different drawing units mm cm or m Bill of materials Bill of materials BOM includes weight of reinforcement k
6. p inside foundation outline on layered elastic half space Foundation stiffness is neglected This method is basic for most design codes Solution is performed by numerical integration in polar coordinate system over the foundation area Coordinate system origin is assumed to be at the point where settlement have to be calculated This method is inspired by the Newmark s influence chart The plain is divided by n concentric circles For each one of them settlement dj is calculated due to a unit force F 1 located at distance 7 by the formula holz rj 1 v a a nd F Stress distribution oa z in depth z is calculated using the Boussinesq s formula Numerical integration in depth is used for solving the integral The diagram of d r over the plane represents an influence surface for the settlement at the selected point Settlement value can be calculated by integrating base pressure p multiplied by d r over the foundation area A If settlement should be calculated for a single point only the result is represented by a single value If a section is selected the result is a diagram along the section line It is obtained by dividing the line by multiple points crp 12 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Infinite stiffness model A rectangular mesh of n elements with size a is generated over the foundation area Def
7. screen Select the destination folder and file name If file already exists you will be prompted to overwrite or change the name Input data Input data is divided into several pages for convenience Dimensions Loads Design Settlement Results You have to click on each tab consequently to enter all the input data in the respective pages When you finish the input press Results and a new group of pages will be loaded for the output If you need to go back click on the Input Data tab Input data is entered in tables and text fields on each page You can move to the next field by pressing the Tab key or by clicking with the mouse You can move to the previous field by pressing the Shift Tab key combination Working with tables Most of the input data is entered in tables You can use the following commands to work with all tables inside the program e Insert new row press Ins key or button When you go to the end of the last row and press Enter a new row opens automatically e Delete last row press Backspace or button Some tables are with fixed dimensions and you cannot add or remove rows e Move the current focus with one cell press arrow keys T 1 E e Move the focus to the first or the last row press Page Up Page Down Home End e Edit current cell contents press F2 or just start typing an input box is opened automatically e Finish cell edit press Enter or arrow key the in
8. 8 2j 27 zi 1 663 1 414 4474 31 0 765 0 390 0 000 1 N Oo Ul 0 556 0 707 0 831 0383 0 924 57 0 981 1 000 0 981 0 924 61 0 831 0 707 0 556 0 383 0 195 0 000 crp 25 or 28 I I eS e RIB eS e Rib 0981 1000 0981 0 924 0 383 0831 0707 0556 1 UI U1 Oo No E 35 39 EJ 35 39 EJ n E e co e 46 Lr Ea EJ so cE EA 53 9 1669 55 EJ sr 58 EJ LJ co e es e ka e UW 60 UW 981 000 0 981 0 195 924 831 707 2 23 UOnaraHe cm ejen ele o o ol to oo Blolojo z oo IN 6 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 mS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Settlement foundation with zero stiffness smax 1 91 cm Manual check s p B2 B1 1 v Eo 200 4 00 2 00 1 00 1 0 27 20000 0 0192m 1 92cm infinite stiff foundation smax 2 30 cm Example 3 Square foundation Geometry Data Outline Points No Xm Ym Shape Type Square a 2000 2 000 3 2 000 200 a 2 000 200 b _ b 4 000 m h 4 000 m 2 00 00 2 00 Settlement foundation with zero stiffness smax 4 30 cm Manual check s p B 1 v EO 200 4 00 1 12 1 0 27 20000 0 043m 4 30cm infinite stiff foundation smax 3 30 cm Manual check s p B 1 v Eo 200 4 00 0 88 1 0 27 20000 0 043m 3 38c
9. I snes 5 luliae RN Tu M m 5 Working With tables scceracncosdenes besser IbuNS QuP Ru nern REPAS PEE Neu PA Qbbu e burVCVRUATN RN PARES vastus vnensonesabensywenvestowneweverwens 5 DESEN COE TIT m em 6 PAG DOOM Y TETTE TTE 6 Columa NO e CREER 7 Desipiradid siii Ex M PIS MD bebe rers du M CEDE E MD VINE Ub EINE 7 METI o m 7 Milziezisz Mice mmm 7 Materials according to EUFIOCOUG eerta oer rtr EEVOR De DEUS EURO Doe Lbs ima Eo TU UN Carus EP OU NUES CENE Sea UUe d sqR DES 8 OCO ee RT 9 SOLE ING IG zi EPIIT Tm 9 AIMO CT Td 10 BSCS Ol OSS ooa IRE PIN AP INEnA NISI GENE UI NUN IRI RUD SIN FINE UDIN UNSER SANE ADU aces tnweaneuanan exes 10 US UTE CANCUN EI O ERE 10 Internal OOS on uere toe REO ERE coca suis MR ESSEN THEN RUM A O 11 Design checks to Eurocode 2 socrus imo ER OE SNR EUN OUR NRSEU ANS PASYSAMNENUDSSES MK ORG NE SK AME IDE E UXVSVUDS RES VA UE na 11 Belgie desig essit ien eee sot iacta Rnibssien eaten cee seein eaten auaauees tunis Mcr E de Ld scm tU MEM E tees 11 ShegP deslB oiii numen cipe vmi E A ied pr uiam dooautoeteesueiecsenmuneearie 11 PIT TANS de SUI Nm mm 12 Settlerne Ni RITTER T 12 Zero Sul BesSqH DOS EE esie netiis nas ces ima mM tenti AET 12 Infinite stiffness model senes otim atra Dep m seaman dine sate MusV EET ttU demo CN ttm dap ait
10. N MPOEKTCOOT Software Package Design Expert version 2 7 Structural design to Eurocode Pad Expert Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes User manual Pad Expert 2 7 3 Input Data File Help Exit Dimensions Loads Design Settlement Results General Information Base Shape Project Building y Problem Client Calcs By Da hecked By Picture x BAAQeRtY b E d ps 5 Bl C a Surface Load p Q kN m2 Load Factor 0 Backfill Depth hbf Om Unit Weight gbf 18 kN m3 Foundation Height hf Om Unit Weight gc 25 kN m3 3 00 00 Base Depth t Om Z Columns V Sections V Stress All rights reserved Bl Eurocode 2 Adm Stress Ro 200 kPa 2014 Fr N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MNPOEKTCOQOT User Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS About TING poera esas tne se Eeu EPI Rv evi da E pd INR SRI RUE SEDE EE FEM TR UN VM can ud Li XV RUN DEVE FESR ER RECS 3 How WU WO Se vats cesiecte sas tasted SuEoiEdus duo uraded epis Suc iu qe cona uda Eur ois ROUEN She DoP ed Ef Do Pea Ra oda RAD INS CN DNE 4 Working with Ti OSes oissiua schade ks FL ap sad VERD QaE Clips DRFOMEC Td F qa vas uai edi Case licen Rea QEFE DEbdPal evRvA Cr d ARV UDIN EE REF DE 4 ATA TTE 5 ION AIT NE tm 5 Saved TNS aac sucpsanet gece E s IIS E IM ede Pies Medi MIN E MI U
11. Y 10 5 15 Values are defined in global coordinate system Oxy R j i n h i Relative 25 35 CALNE distances 25 n to the previous point along X and Y respectively a L 45 100 Distance ui 100 is measured to the previous point at 45 angle from X axis L 50 Distance of 50 to the previous point measured towards mouse cursor Press Enter or Space after you enter the coordinates in the command line If you want to enter points with the mouse you have to move the cursor to the required location and click with the left mouse button You can see the current coordinates of the cursor in the status bar located at the bottom of the main window You can use several precision tools that can help you to get the exact coordinates when clicking e GRID shows a uniform grid of dots over the working area of the drawing e SNAP rounds the coordinates to a specified step along X and Y e ORTHO orthogonal drawing mode Current point is aligned to horizontal or vertical line with the previous point depending on the mouse position e OSNAP gets the coordinates of an existing point in the drawing when you move the mouse or click over it closer than a specified range If several points are located within the range the closest one is returned When a point is snapped an x mark appears on the screen It is always the same symbol regardless the point type You can switch on and off the precision tools using the respective buttons o
12. a E a ID RH 13 FRO lola ERR TTE m 13 DEAE TETUR 13 SUES TETTE TT Mmm 14 ec RR NOR HER 14 PPE Wile COUP oressgasares capers eter E du edente osseous caput aaa Ua ted eie ne true T E S DIM Md EseE 14 Bending ciel a zio PNE EET 14 TOPO CODE BIS usui erras onde utet uidetur uM S RUE E eu P ene 15 CONTELE COV c RN E m 15 Startune Mark NUMDET serrr duse eie rude etia bern Goud aso edu Gor i vcatodnaro esc osustodvusd Mdh sis Seda iss easuUd 15 PRET OC AR NON TE 15 mune on 15 Working with Design Expert graphical environment eee ee eee eee nennen nennen nene 16 OTM ANNES 5s oie esata nce cn enn EE ca we stanateusscen UT 16 HONTO EMET Ol MI TTE 16 ASO COMINGS RTT RR 16 Undo wrong ACTION OF COMMMANG TR 17 Redo a command that has been undone facanctcvscdetelencaccinmasdaenssne snewncs do aad di be pPr savsvannnetaensasaeinnaaeeoias 17 Pointe and coordinates MUG ETT 17 Manage the screen view s ssesessesessscsesssoesssoecssoecssoeossoesssoesssseossseosssecssssossseossssossssossesossssossssoesssoeoe 18 ZOON ANa O NER E A E 18 crp 2 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOO User Manual e N ere TENRRTTITT s 19 CODY CT EO ie sare M 19 PM SC eI ate cess
13. dations with simple shapes and one or two columns sections can be generated automatically by clicking the Generate Sections button Section width is calculated automatically and height is assumed equal to the value defined previously on the first page However if you have more complex shapes you can define the relevant sections by yourself and manually fill section coordinates and dimensions Settlement data The program can calculate settlement of foundations with arbitrary shapes using two different models for the foundation stiffness zero or infinite stiff plate on elastic layered half space Solution is performed by numerical integration in plan and in depth Soil properties are entered in a table You can add multiple layers using the button The following data is required for each layer Soil Layers Eo kPa mean elastic modulus ni Poisson ratio H m layerthickness Integration is performed until bottom of the last layer is reached Effective depth is not calculated by the program crp 9 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Select the preferred model for the foundation stiffness zero or infinite Uniform base stress value is required for the calculations By default it is automatically determined from the specified loads but you can change it if necessary For zero stiffness model you can either ca
14. e limit stresses Those that fail the check are colored in red Stress diagrams with values are displayed in the picture on left Limit stresses are defined by user Admissible stress Rg should be entered on the first page Different factors can be additionally defined for average edge and corner stresses by pressing the Settings button The value of Ro should take into account foundation depth and size Uplift calculation If tension is detected during base stress calculation uplift is taken into account An iterative algorithm is applied for general case of arbitrary base shape The problem is reduced to a system of three nonlinear equations with three unknown parameters e location of neutral line 2 unknowns and e maximal corner stress Pmax 1 unknown The solution is obtained using the following conditions e center of volume of stress body under the foundation should be aligned with the point of application of the total external load 2 equations e volume of stress body should be equal to total vertical load P 1 equation crp 10 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQOT User Manual Location of the neutral line is provided as a result defined by the coordinates of its ending points It is shown on the picture with dashed blue line Internal forces Bending moments and shear forces are calculated for each section and load case Values a
15. e screen view at preferred direction in order to see other parts of the drawing If you have a three button mouse you can use the middle button to pan Press and hold the middle button drag it to the new location and release the button When you press the button the cursor changes to and when you release it the old cursor is restored back Alternatively you can use the RTPAN command It requires two points to define the length and the direction of movement towards the second point Since RTPAN is a command like any other you have to finish the previous command before that Unlike RTPAN the middle button method can be used transparently inside any command without interrupting it Copy screen You can copy the screen view to the clipboard any time and insert it into other programs using Paste command or Ctrl V You can use the following commands for coping COPYBITMAP copies the screen image as Bitmap COPYMETAFILE copies the screen image as Metafile Bitmap is a raster format file that stores information about colors of separate pixels Metafile is a vector format file that stores coordinates of graphical objects The boundaries of the copied image match the boundaries of the program window Only objects that are visible on the screen will appear in the image For best results you can stretch the program window beforehand in order to fit the drawing tightly in the window without white spaces Print screen Y n send the scre
16. each object independently x oc Xe x 1 2 3 4 5 Coping is not available for some objects in some modules Export to ZWCAD or AutoCAD crp 21 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual You can export the drawing directly to ZWCAD or AutoCAD by clicking the iy b button from the main toolbar It is always the same button but the icon is different depending on the selected External CAD option in the settings dialog If you click the arrow w next to the button you can select other CAD system from the drop down menu Supported versions are ZWCAD 2012 to 2015 and AutoCAD 2004 to 2015 If there is an instance of ZWCAD or AutoCAD already running the drawing is sent to the active document Otherwise a new session is opened Alternatively you can type one of the following commands ZWCAD AutoCAD or just CAD The drawing is exported as simple polylines texts dimensions lines circles and hatches There are no blocks or any other complex objects so it is easy to be modified with the standard AutoCAD commands Current text and dimension styles are used If you use templates the drawing will look as any of your other drawings For best results you have to define Text Placement to be Over the Dimension Line Without a Leader in the dimension style settings Objects are distributed in separate layers If the required layers do not exist they are cr
17. eated automatically Reinforcement output is compatible to Design Expert Plug in module You can use it to additionally modify and schedule the reinforcement bars For versions not supported by the direct output you can create AutoCAD command script files Click the arrow next to the button and select Save script file scr Enter file path and name and click Save Then you can load the saved script into ZWCAD and AutoCAD using the SCRIPT command or menu Tools Run Script crp 22 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOOT User Manual Examples Settlement of single foundations with different shapes Next examples use the same input data as follows Surface load p 0 000 kN m2 Backfill depth h 0 000 m Backfill unit weigh y3 18 000 kN m3 Foundation height h 0 000 m Foundation unit weigh Y 25 000 kN m3 Foundation depth t 0 000 m Admissible base stress Ro 200 000 kPa Settlement data Soil layers Nominal base load for settlement pn 200 000 kPa Foundation with zero stiffness Target point X 0 000 m Y 0 000 m Number of divisions for numerical integration 20 Infinite stiff foundation Mesh size 0 200 m crp 23 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 mS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Example 1 Circular foundation Geometry Data Outline Points no em em
18. ece fek Yc design compressive strength feta Act fotk 0 05 Yc design tensile strength amp c2 compressive strain at maximum stress for parabolic linear stress strain amp cu2 ultimate compressive strain at concrete edge Design values for compressive and tensile strengths in the table are determined for partial safety factor y 1 5 They still do not include acc and a factors which should be defined additionally Some countries use Occ 0 85 and a is usually equal to 1 0 You should look for these values in your national annex document cTp 8 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Reinforcement Design Expert includes the following steel grades for reinforcement d The following symbols are used in the table Name Es GPa MPa MPa E design modulus of elasticity fya design yield strength 500 fya fyk M M 4 B420 fyx characteristic yield strength B460 200 400 Eyq design ultimate strain s500 200 435 500 0 01 Sections Materials Internal forces are calculated only for selected C205 fcd 13 3 MPa sections only Each section is defined by the 5e coordinates of its cutting line Line length is not c 1 00 ne B500 z fid 435 MPa important only the location Dimensions b and h ct 100 Table and concrete cover a are defined separately for each section For foun
19. ect objects e Single click on the object outline with the left mouse button The outline should intersect the cursor selection box amp If there are no object at the specified point the Qe program automatically continues to window selection mode e Window you have to enter two points at the opposite corners of a window If youdraw MO the window from left to right all objects that fit entirely inside are selected If you draw EN the window from right to left all objects that intersect or fit inside the window are C selected The window is displayed with solid line in the first case and dashed line in the second e All selects all visible and unlocked objects Click the button or type SELECTALL to start the command Selected objects are redrawn in red Deselect Deselection is performed in the same way as selection but additionally you should hold the Shift button Alternatively you can click an object with the right mouse button In order to deselect all objects press Esc click the 4 button or type DESELECTALL Delete Click the button or type DELETE All selected objects are erased both from screen and memory Move Moves the selected objects along a vector defined by two points Click the E button or type MOVE Then enter first and second point and press Enter or click the right 2 mouse button d Rotate Rotates the selected objects around a center and with angle defined by user Click the amp b
20. en view direct he printer ressing the ou can send the screen view directly to the printer by pressing the nm button or typing the PRINT command A setup dialog appears on Microsoft XPS Document Writer ci screen Select the required printer device from the list You can change A4 Portrait Cancel Print paper size and orientation as well as other options by clicking the D button Press the Print button to finish Modify objects Block editing mode vs free mode Graphics in Design Expert are represented by basic objects like lines polylines circles texts dimensions etc They are grouped in blocks in order to form more complex objects like reinforcement bars sections or entire cTp 19 oT 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual elements Each block is attached to one or more grips that are displayed as small blue boxes By default the drawing is locked and you can move only entire blocks using the respective grips This is called block mode You cannot modify separate objects within blocks If you want to do that you have to unlock the drawing first Locking and unlocking is performed by clicking the respective buttons amp 4 Select Selection is a way to determine which objects should be affected by a certain command You can select objects either before or after the command There are several ways to sel
21. es TTE mt 19 Modify GNC CUS assasccgene ETE DOTT 19 Block editing mode vs free mode 5 sciiiccesasisnacdindhievesavsaeptawent Visus ote Seeds tatecaeevacieeseetienseeasatiiadteaewseresareies 19 EE D MARRIOTT ee 20 BI SG MU E 20 BIN 20 Me m E 20 ROTOT TT E 20 loci K L a 21 MIOT e 21 sg M 21 CODY d 21 EXBOIt to ZWCADt or AUTOCAD uii eees na aeuhus VaeIS EYES OE S pNEDHPI EAN NK OKa nU SED S UHRFD NNUS UE DE 21 SCIMUS 23 Settlement of single foundations with different shapes cccccccscscccsccscsccccccscsceccccscsceccccscscsseececs 23 Settlement Cae clcceccneecaacicescnac ites esancanscentesswesiacastucsceousesacesanesecavescesenseoneuGovescutestasciuce asc Esai 23 Example 1 Circular foundation cccsccccscsccccccscsccccccscnccecccscnceccccecncecescecscecescecscucescececsceseesecscssess 24 Example 2 Circular hollow foundation
22. g total and by bar size as well as concrete volume m and formwork area m Bending schedule Bending schedule includes information about diameter length count shape and dimensions for each bar mark You can select between two styles of scheduling Standard and BS8666 The standard style includes drawings with dimensions for each bar mark BS8666 style is according to British Standard BS8666 2005 Each bar shape is represented by shape code and all dimensions A B C etc are filled in a table Bars are not drawn except for shape code 99 Bending schedules and BOM include only the current foundation If you are going to have several foundations in a single drawing and you want to make a common schedule and BOM for all of them you can do the following Switch the scheduling and BOM options off in Pad Expert Export the drawings to AutoCAD or ZWCAD You can select starting bar mark number for each foundation to continue from the previous one Use the scheduling command from RC Plug in module to generate schedule and BOM inside AutoCAD or ZWCAD crp 14 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Top of concrete You have to enter the top level of the foundation surface TOF Bottom of foundation level FL and ground level GL are calculated automatically based on the defined foundation height and depth respectively All levels will be mar
23. ked in the section drawing Concrete cover Concrete cover is the distance between surface of reinforcement and surface of concrete The defined value is common for all surfaces top bottom and sides Starting mark number You have to enter the number of the first bar mark and all others will be numbered consequently You can use that when you to have several foundations in one drawing In this case starting mark number for each foundation can continue from the last number of the previous one Reinforcement You have to enter diameters and spacing for top and bottom bars in both directions X and Y When you click the Drawing tab for first time the program automatically selects the reinforcement based on the most unfavorable of all sections crossing the reinforcement You can select the preferred bar shape straight or U shaped Additional horizontal bars may be required along sides for thicker foundations They are not provided in the current version and have to be added later For more complex shapes the reinforcement is fitted inside the concrete outline providing different bar lengths If lengths become greater than 12 m the reinforcement is not cut and spliced automatically External CAD You can export the drawing to different CAD systems You have to select the preferred system ZWCAD or AutoCAD in the combo box See Export to AutoCAD and ZWCAD further in this manual crp 15 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design a
24. lculate the settlement for specific point or Foundation stiffness draw the surface deflection diagram along a section If you select the Point option Zero you have to enter X and Y coordinates Normally they should be at the center of the Infinite base but you can select any other point as well You can use that to estimate the Base Load Ws influence upon neighboring foundations In this case you have to enter the center of Ar the other foundation The result should be added to the value obtained by the Point mm calculation of the other foundation alone If you select the Section option you have to specify the number of the section to be used as defined in the design data mc 0 ys 0 The settlement calculated by the infinite stiff model is uniform for the whole foundation Stress distribution under the base is obtained as well It is uneven under Numerical integration the foundation Rectangular mesh will be generated for the purpose of calculations Mesh size is defined by user Denser meshes will produce more accurate results However stiffness matrix is completely filled and calculation time increases proportionally to the square of the number of points Divisions 10 Results Base stress Average stress Pave and maximum edge pegge and corner Pmax stresses are calculated by the program for each load case Stress values at each point p are provided as well Only values for SLS and seismic load cases are compared to th
25. ll loads Column loads Loads from multiple column can be applied on a single pad foundation That is why column data should be entered in table format Add as many rows as you need in the Columns table by pressing the button For each column enter center point coordinates x and y and dimensions b and h in the respective row in the table Dimension 5 is assumed to be parallel to x axis 00 ica oc 00 4 00 After that select the number of load cases Then you have to enter type for each load case in the left table as follows e aU ultimate ULS Number Of Load Cases 35 e S serviceability SLS Load Cases Loads ismi Case Type e E seismic Load values for each load case and each column are defined in the Loads table Vertical force WN bending moments My and My and shear forces Vy and Vy Positive direction of vertical load is assumed downwards Positive directions of bending moments and shear forces are shown on the picture above Loads from self weight and backfill are calculated automatically from the respective depths and unit weights defined on the previous page Design data Materials You have to enter concrete grade c20 25 and steel grade B500 Materials for main reinforcement Characteristic and design values for material Concrete caos fcd 13 3 MPa properties are predefined in tables Concrete compressive and tensile Steel Bson fyd 435 MPa s
26. m Example 4 Rectangular foundation Geometry Data crp 26 oT 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 C Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Outline Points Shape Type 2 4000 iom Cs 4 000 io a 4000 imm AA b 8 000 m n 2000 M j 4 00 j 00 14 00 Settlement foundation with zero stiffness smax 3 76 cm Manual check s p B 1 v Eo 200 2 00 1 96 1 0 27 20000 0 0376m 3 76cm infinite stiff foundation smax 2 99 cm Manual check s p B o 1 v2 Eo 200 2 00 1 61 1 0 22 20000 0 0376m 3 09cm crp 27 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 S Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOO User Manual Example 5 Square hollow foundation Geometry Data Shape Type Outline Points Square hollow Xm em i C2 4 000 3 o 000 a 400 000 Ls 40 000 200 200 rs 2 000 2 000 s 2 000 2 000 _ 4 00 b 8 000 m m m m 2 000 2 000 h 8000 m t1 2 000 m t2 2 000 m Settlement foundation with zero stiffness smax 4 29 cm Manual check s p B B1 1 v2 Eo 200 8 00 4 00 1 96 1 0 22 20000 0 0430m 4 30cm cTp 28 oT 28
27. m p O Jb 5 a5 n 2 amp Surface Load p 5 kM m2 Load Factor 1 40 Backfill Depth hbf 1m Unit Weight gbf 18 kN m3 Foundation Height hf 1m Unit Weight gc 25 kM m3 Base Depth t 2 m Adm Stress Ro 200 kPa 1 50 00 v Columns V Sections V Stress Working with files Pad Expert has its own file format which is used to save program data permanently on a disk Input file extension is fun Results are stored into fun html files crp 4 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual New file Saves the current data to a new file Click on the File New menu or press Ctrl N A standard file selection dialog appears on screen Select or write down file path and name and click Save You can use this command when you have to enter consequently multiple foundations When you finish with the first one click File Save then File New change the name and then enter the next foundation When you finish press File Save and continue with the next in the same way Open a file Click on the File Open menu to open a file from the disk A standard file selection dialog appears on screen Browse for the file using the mouse or type file path and name and click Open Save a file Click on the File Save menu or press Ctrl S A standard file selection dialog appears on
28. n the status bar or by typing the respective commands in the command line Manage the screen view The drawing is located in the model space and it is defined in global coordinate system Oxy Then it is projected to the screen to certain scale You can see only a part of the model space that is visible within the program window We will call this screen view You can scale and move the screen view over the drawing using ZOOM and PAN commands That is how you can work with different parts of the drawing as necessary Zoom in and out If you have a wheel mouse you can zoom in and out by rotating the wheel forward and backward The center of the transformation the point that does not move is assumed to be the current position of the cursor You crp 18 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 mS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOOT User Manual can move quickly to different parts of the drawing by positioning the cursor at different locations and zooming in and out Also you can use some additional commands as follows E ZOOM IN zooms in the screen view with one step e ZOOM LIMITS zooms the screen view so that all visible objects fit inside the screen CE ZOOM WINDOW zooms the screen view in a user defined window When you start the command you have to enter two points at the opposite corners of the window C ZOOM OUT zooms the screen view out with one step Pan You can move th
29. nd detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Working with Design Expert graphical environment All drawings are generated in the internal Design Expert graphical environment first There you can view modify and align objects before exporting them to ZWCAD or AutoCAD The graphical environment includes a basic set of commands for drawing and editing Commands How to enter commands You can use several ways to enter a command in this program e Type it into the command line e Type the short version command alias e Press a button on the toolbar Aao KX ERE AQARQAs enak Program loaded Reading INI file C Users NED AppData Local Design Expert Beam Expert ini Command 202 8 25 3 GRID SNAP ORTHO OSNAP Alternatively instead of typing you can select the command from a drop down list by clicking the small arrow right to the command line Some commands may require you to select objects or enter coordinates You should watch the prompt on the left side of the command line Press enter or right mouse button to complete a command that is running You can cancel a command prematurely by pressing Esc or right mouse button Commands generate various output including error or warning messages results and general information intended for the user You can find it in the output window just above the command line You can start the previous command by pressing Enter or
30. o d hr a section effective depth b section width fek characteristic value of concrete cylinder compressive strength crp 11 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Shear check can be relevant for long and narrow foundations that work mostly like strips rather than pads T Punching design oop ne Punching design check is performed for eccentrically loaded columns according to the equation bz V l Ed VEa Boa lt Vrac Crack 100p fek jus gt Vmin 0 035 3 2 f ck U a u length of critical perimeter located at distance 2d from column edge P 4 Plx Ply S 0 02 main reinforcement ratio Critical perimeter is cut at foundation edges and only the length inside the foundation is considered Veg is the punching load which is equal to column load minus base pressure total inside critical perimeter Reinforcement ratio is calculated for the actual reinforcement determined by bending design Load eccentricity is included by a factor 5 obtained by Equation 6 39 For columns with biaxial eccentricity bending moments in both directions are taken into account Critical section plastic modulus W1 is calculated assuming rectangular stress distribution Value of k is determined according to table 6 1 Settlement Zero stiffness model Settlement is calculated for uniformly distributed load
31. o determine the reinforcement Punching shear checks are performed with account for column position internal edge or corner and bending moments Detailing The program automatically selects counts diameters and lengths of reinforcement bars based on the design results A detailed drawing is created including plan and section views cTp 3 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Drafting The drawing is created firstly in Design Expert internal graphical editor where you can review and modify Then you can export it directly to ZWCAD or AutoCAD or save a script file for AutoCAD LT The software generates bills of materials for both steel and concrete and reinforcement bending schedule The reinforcement output is compatible to Design Expert Plug in module for reinforcement detailing and scheduling with AutoCAD or ZWCAD How it works The software includes standard graphical user interface for Windows You can enter commands by menus buttons or by typing commands in the command line bellow the graphical window Detailed descriptions of all commands are provided further in this manual If you hold the mouse over a button a tooltip appears with short description for the respective command Ca Pad Expert 2 7 1 Input Data Ele Help Exit Dimensions Loads Design Settlement Results Bl Eurocode 2 A B m rs 7 ua A 3 to
32. ormation factor di is calculated for the center of each cell i due to unit load F OMIT 1 located at the center of cell j Since dij depends only on the distance rj between then dij dj Finally the value for the settlement at point 7 can be calculated by the n X d F j l For infinite stiff foundation the settlement should be equal at each point and thence s s where s is the unknown settlement Values of F in the above equation should be the actual total forces at centers of cells They are also unknown Actual stress under infinite stiff foundations should be unevenly distributed equation providing different values for Fj So we have a system of n equations with n 1 unknowns n forces F and one displacement s One more equation is needed and it is obtained by the equilibrium of vertical loads XF p A where p is the average stress defined by user and A is foundation area Values of s and P are obtained as a result by solving the system of equations Report You can generate a detailed report in HTML format for each task by going to the HTML report tab You can include all or part of calculations by checking the Print boxes next to titles of output pages The report is opened in a web browser Internet Explorer is by default Most office programs like MS Word can edit html files Report filename is data file name html It comes together with a folder data file name html files Always keep together report
33. put box is closed and changes are stored into the cell e Cancel cell edit press Esc the input box is closed and changes are discarded The original contents remains in the current cell crp 5 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual e Delete cell contents press Del the contents of all selected cells is cleared e Select a range of cells the first method is to use the keyboard select the first cell hold Shift and press arrow keys or Page Up Page Down Home End to move to the cell at the other corner of the area Alternatively you can click with the mouse at the first corner hold Shift and click at the opposite corner e Copy the contents of the selected cells press Ctrl C e Paste into the selected cells press Ctrl V You can copy from and paste to the same or other tables as well as external programs like Word Excel etc If you try to paste a range of cells which area is greater than the area of the destination cells you will receive a warning This is necessary to avoid unwanted data overwriting Design code Design Expert is compatible to Eurocodes mainly EN 1992 1 1 and EN 1998 1 1 It is applicable to most countries as far as you can define your own material properties partial safety factors loads and some other important parameters Detailed description of all design methods and formulas used in this program i
34. r center point to catch it Then move the cursor to a new location and second click to release it Texts are selected and moved using their base points displayed as small circles If you stretch a line polyline or polygon and you hold shift before the second click you will insert a new vertex When the drawing is locked then you work in block editing mode You can move entire blocks by stretching the respective grips First you have to select a grip by clicking with the mouse Then click again on the grip to catch it move it to the new location and click to release it Copy Creates one or multiple copies of the selected objects using one of the available transformations lt f gt move CG rotate AlN scale or mirror Click the button or type the COPY command Select objects and press Enter or click the right mouse button A settings dialog appears on screen Select method of transformation using the icons on the top number of repetitions and method of pointing e First second click two points that define the distance between Replicate two consecutive objects Transformation gan s 4 8 e First last click two points that define the distance between the Repetitions 1 first and the last object All other objects will be distributed evenly Pick Points between them First Second x OOO 1 2 e One by one click a base point first Then you have to enter separate points to define the location of
35. re total for the whole section width not distributed per meter They are determined as a sum of all loads acting at one side of the section including the corresponding part of base stress concrete weight backfill weight and surface load Results are displayed in tables Rows correspond to load cases and columns correspond to sections Design checks to Eurocode 2 Bending design Bending design is performed for each section and load case using the RC Expert module internally Detailed description of the design procedure is provided in the user manual RC Expert pdf Results are displayed in table which includes Si number of section Mmax KNM maximal bending moment for the section from all load cases x cm depth of compressed zone using rectangular concrete stress diagram As cm m required area of main reinforcement per meter Reinforcement required count diameter and spacing of bars User can enter bar spacing manually Then count and diameter can be calculated automatically by pressing the Design Check button Shear design Shear design check is performed without shear reinforcement according to equation 6 2 in EN 1992 1 1 Ved lt Vrd c Concrete only resistance is calculated Vnd c Cna c Kc 1007pr fei Ka ep bd VRd c VRd c min Vmin K170cp b d k 1 4 200 d CRa c 0 18 yc k 0 15 acp 0 due to absence of axial loads Vni 50035 9 4 EE pi AgK b d lt 0 02 main reinforcement rati
36. s provided further in this manual Pad geometry Pad Expert is created for calculation of foundations with arbitrary shapes You can use some standard predefined shapes as well Select a shape from the toolbar O 44 L O lt 1 and enter dimensions Then press the Enter button and you will see a scaled drawing of the foundation on the left Possible shapes and notations of dimensions are displayed on the picture below Whatever shape is selected at the end it is converted to a general polygon of connected points For best results circular and ring foundations should be approximated with sufficient number of points For more complex shapes select a General type of foundation from the last button and p enter x and y coordinates of outline points directly nnd idi Vertical dimensions should be entered at the bottom half of the window You have to specify foundation height h backfill depth Apt and unit weights for both concrete gc and backfill gpf Foundation depth have to be defined as the distance between native terrain and depth of excavation If there is a ground slab or other load above the backfill you have to enter its weight as Surface load p and its partial safety crp 6 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual factor If there are several surface loads of different types you have to enter the average safety factor for a
37. trengths are additionally multiplied by the sustained load factors a CC 1 00 c and a They should be defined separately in the respective fields since g 1 00 Table they are not included in the table values Material tables Click the Table button to open the material tables A dialog containing both concrete and reinforcement tables appears on screen You can modify values add new rows by clicking the the button and remove crp 7 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOOT User Manual rows using the button Finally you should press Save to save changes and close the dialog If you want to discard changes just press Exit and you will return to the main window Material tables are common for the whole computer Any changes you make will reflect all Design Expert modules and input files Materials according to Eurocode Concrete Design Expert includes the following concrete grades according to EN 1992 1 1 Table 3 1 ME 0 0035 l 0 0035 0 0035 P 25 00 0 0035 20 33 0 0035 0 0035 oom oom oom JE oom oo 2s oom oom 0 0035 C2 a The following symbols are used in the above table Ecm concrete secant modulus of elasticity fek cube characteristic cube strength fcx characteristic cylinder strength Sotk 0 05 characteristic tensile strength with 5 probability of failure fcd G
38. utton or type ROTATE Then enter first and second point and press Enter or click the right mouse button The first point defines the center of rotation and the second is for the angle The angle is measured between the line and the X axis 1 s counterclockwise You can also enter the exact value of the angle using polar x coordinate input format Type lt a 1 in the command line instead of clicking the second point where a should be the rotation angle in degrees crp 20 or 28 N Pad Expert v 2 7 2014 NS Design and detailing of single RC pad foundations with arbitrary shapes MPOEKTCOQO User Manual Scale Scales the selected objects with a center and scale factor defined by user Click the button or type SCALE Then enter first and second point and press Enter or click the right mouse button The first point represents the center of transformation Scale factor is defined as the distance between the first and the second point Alternatively you can type the scale factor in the command line instead of entering a second point Mirror Mirrors the selected objects about a line defined by user Click the Al button or type MIRROR Then enter first and second point and press Enter or click the right mouse button Stretch When the drawing is unlocked you can stretch separate objects like points lines polylines dimensions circles polygons and texts by dragging with the mouse Select the object and click on a point end middle o

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