FKS 1DP-PBM Manual
Contents
1. the total lo parameters again After setting the interval the display will show ik and Rotating the Range control will then return to measurement mode Q How Do Start Automatic Logging Once the automatic logging has been configured you can still continue to use the meter before initiating logging settings will be lost if you switch the unit Off Before you start the automatic logging you must first set the Range selector to the units you want to log in Once this has been done press the Hold Log button to initiate logging The meter automatically tracks the group IDs and indexes them for you by one each time you log The automatic and manual log group IDs are independent An ID 1 is assigned to the first data logged after memory reset 27 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved The meter will display the he number of readings to be taken mory will then be shown followed by If the memory capacity is to be exceeded the meter will indicate hat insufficient memory space is available It will then suggest either clearing the memory or changing the log parameters Automatic logging will abort for this case If the group ID exceeds 255 the meter will reset the ID to 1 not the memory if its within limits Logging will then commence the screen will show the current meter reading and z As logging proceeds will be replaced by th2. 0 957 0 194 0 323 0 677 0 806 0 895 0 968 0 146 0 226 0 342 0 658 0 774 0 854 0 918 0 118 0 177 0 250 0 356 0 644 0 750 0 823 0 933 Rectangular Ducts Log Tchebycheff Points Distance from wall x W or y H 0 074 0 288 0 500 0 712 0 926 0 061 0 235 0 437 0 563 0 765 0 939 0 053 0 203 0 366 0 500 0 634 0 797 Circular ducts Log Tchebycheff Distance from wall x D or y D 0 138 0 312 0 688 0 862 0 968 0 100 0 194 0 334 0 666 0 806 0 900 0 976 0 076 0 155 0 205 0 357 0 643 0 795 0 845 0 924 41
3. FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved indicate that the data in the first group ID is being processed The meter will display for 2 seconds the group ID number and the number of readings in the grou followed by the average value of pressure or velocity as well as the H and L value in the group see sketch below Table 5 repeated shows storage and recall for mixed pressure and velocity storage The units for each ID will be displayed Table 5 Group ID Use and Memory Recall Manual Logging Group ID Stored Values Average H L 1 0 30 90 40 90 0 Pa Pa__ Pa Pa Pa__ Pa 2 0 23 0 31 0 44 0 05 0 26 0 44 0 05 inH2O finH2O jinH2O inH20 inH20 _jinH2O inH20 3 4090 1110 1081 1100 1121 1060 1094 1121 1060 ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min MR _ Values with units stored in Memory MR MR Shown during memory recall shown shaded Continue to rotate the Range selector to index through the group IDs After completing the recall of the manual log data the unit will recall the automatic logged data if any The screen will display i tic Paat The recall is the same as for manual data After completing recall the instrument will return to measurement mode Any apparent memory recall malfunctions may be remedied by clearing the memory Q How Do I Download Memory to a PC To download the stored data to y
4. H and L of the readings in an ID will be calculated and shown on the screen While recording measurements in a specific ID you should not change the instrument s units To increment the ID they increment sequentially press the Hold Log button for greater than 4seconds The display will then change fri followed by to is the new ID equal to the last ID 1 To clarify the use of IDs say you have taken pressure measurements in a duct section These measurements have been stored to ID 1 You move to another location where you want to measure air velocity These velocity readings are not associated with the previous pressure readings So to store them you increment to the next group ID say 2 See Data Logging and Memory Management for details of memory management Q How Do Recall My Pressure Measurements From Memory For full details on the functioning of memory see Data Logging and Memory Management The FKS 1DP PBM meter recalls the data stored in a group ID it calculates the average of that group as well as the minimum L value and maximum H value in the group Individual readings are not displayed The meter will sequentially process all stored IDs starting from 1 showing the average minimum and maximum for each To view individual readings download the memory to a PC see Data Logging and Memory Management To view your manually logged data 14 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics
5. L and Maximum H Reading The Minimum and Maximum readings are continuously shown by the FKS meter on the second line of the display The maximum reading is preceded by H and the minimum reading is preceded by L No units are shown but correspond to the units displayed on the first line Q How Do I Reset Min Max To reset the Min Max or L H readings simply change the units to any other unit setting by rotating the Range knob and then set back to your desired units Q How Do I Hold or Freeze the Display Press the Hold Log button for less than 2seconds The display will freeze indicated by the appearance of a fi at the top RHS of the display To resume operation press the Hold Log button again Q How Can I Estimate if the Pressure May Be Too Unsteady for Accurate Measurement If the measured pressures fluctuate more than 10 an indicator F will appear at the top RHS of the display This may suggest that another measurement location may be necessary Q How Do Estimate the Uncertainty in My Pressure Measurements The FKS meter contains powerful statistical routines to estimate the uncertainty in your measurements To implement this function rotate the Range selector to Menu For a full description of the uncertainty calculation see Appendix A The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle followed by Select the probability you want t
6. LLC All Rights Reserved Set the R The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle through various options When i is displayed rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The unit display will show The meter will indicate that the data in the first group ID is being processed The meter will display for 2 seconds the group ID number and the number of readings in the group 4 followed by the average value of pressure as well as the H and L value in the group An example of storage and recall is shown in Table 1 with pressure and velocity storage in separate group IDs and the sketch below Group ID number 2 shown Average pressure or velocity Continue to rotate the Range selector to index through the group IDs After completing the recall of the manual log data the unit will recall the automatic log data if any See Data Logging and Memory Management for details The instrument will then return to measurement mode Table 1 Group ID Use and Memory Recall Group ID Stored Values Average H_ L 1 0 30 90 40 90 J0 Pa Pa_ Pa Pa Pa __ Pa 2 0 201 0 315 0 442 0 058 0 254 0 442 0 058 psi psi psi _ psi psi psi psi 3 1090 1110 1081 1100 1121 1060 1094 1121 1060 ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min MR Values with units store
7. Maintenant esisiini iiini aiara iei 31 SPSCHICAIONS ork canada ieee ae 32 Appendix A Understanding Uncertainty Appendix B Performing a Pitot Probe Duct Traverse sesesesee 37 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Limitations Of Usage And Cautions The FKS series of instruments are not intrinsically safe and must not be used in dangerous or hazardous areas Servicing of these instruments incorporating battery changing must only occur in a safe area Use of the FKS series may require working in a hazardous environment Necessary safety precautions must be followed FlowKinetics LLC s products including the FKS series are not authorized for use as any component in a life support system or device or as component of an aircraft s on board flight system Life support systems or devices are defined as any system that can sustain monitor or support life The pressure transducers used by the FKS system are compatible with most non corrosive gases however toxic gases are not suitable nor are liquid pressure measurements Any attempts to service or modify or alter the product in any way will void the warranty and will negate any right of claim against FlowKinetics LLC relating to any liability in respect of the product Warranty All of FlowKinetics LLC s instruments have been assembled using strictly defined and controlled procedures and tests and are warranted again
8. FKS 1DP PBM Any Pitot static probe or S type probe can be used Most Pitot probes have unity calibration coefficients K factor S type probes used for dirty air streams have coefficients around 0 80 to 0 92 To set K see below Q How Do I Connect the Pitot Probe See the sketch below P is the top left barb P is the top right barb For connection of other types of probes the stagnation total pressure port should be connected to the P barb the static or reference pressure should be connected to the P barb 16 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved gt lt FLOW f J Pitot Q How Do I Change K To set K or a probe s calibration constant default value 1 set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When ny direction the Range control to select it The followed by Rotate the Range selector any direction or unit will be briefly displayed The screen will display The first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Hold Log button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin to blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit The instrument w
9. Screen contrast control PC serial port connector Turbulence indicator appears if Pressure fluctuations gt 10 Minimum recorded value L Minimum recorded value L FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved General Operation Q How Do Insert Batteries Use Wall Power Batteries The unit uses two 9V batteries The batteries are inserted by removing the cover located on the back of the instrument The cover slides off The ribbon under the batteries can be used to ease battery removal Only use new batteries dry Alkaline leak proof and discard the old batteries in compliance with regulations Wall Power An AC adaptor power supply can be supplied with the instrument as an option The adaptor can operate from 100Vac to 240Vac 50 60Hz supplies and provides 1100mA at 9Voc The adaptor has the facility for easy interchange between US European English and Australian plugs To use simply insert the jack from the adapter into the jack plug on the face of the instrument see Description of controls It is not necessary to remove the batteries as they are automatically disconnected Do not attempt to use the supplied adapter as a battery charger CAUTION Use of any power adaptor other than that supplied optional with the instrument will remove any rights of claim against FlowKinetics LLC relating to product liability or consequential damage against a third party and will void
10. and T in metric units kPa and C followed by imperial units inHg 32F and F After displaying each unit set for approx 2 seconds the instrument will return to measurement mode Q How Do I Set K Patm and T to Default Standard Conditions Set the Range selector Menu The menu will cycle through various functions Whe oe F appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will indicate that K Patm and T have been reset to default i e standard conditions Note that K is also reset to 1 default Q How Do Estimate the Uncertainty in My Velocity Measurements The FKS meter contains powerful statistical routines to estimate the uncertainty in your measurements To implement this function rotate the Range selector to Menu For a full description of the uncertainty calculation see Appendix A The menu will cycle through various functions When appears any direction the Range ci select it The menu will prompt followed by Select the probability you want to use by rotating the Range control when the interval is on the display The instrument will then return to measurement mode Indicated velocities will have the form mean velocity standard deviation of the mean velocity If you had selected as an example 99 7 prob then the presented information can be interpreted as The true mean velocity value is expected to lie within 6790 18 2 and 6790 18 2 to a 99 7 p
11. average duct velocities or volumetric flow rates are required it is necessary to perform a Pitot traverse of the duct This involves taking measurements at various positions across the duct Before a traverse is conducted it is necessary to select a suitable location to perform the survey If possible avoid traverses close to fans dampers pipe bends expansions etc Try to survey at least 8 duct diameters downstream of the aforementioned elements and 2 duct diameters upstream of these elements The survey is performed with the aid of Fig B1 Either the Centroids of Equal Areas or Log Tchebycheff point distribution may be used A survey proceeds as follows Decide on the number of survey points and then mark these on the Pitot probe using a marker or adjustable spring clips present on some Pitot Static probes 2 At the selected survey location drill two perpendicular holes in the duct for a round duct or the desired number of holes for a rectangular duct ensuring sufficient hole clearance to safely insert the Pitot Static probe 3 Carefully insert the Pitot Static probe into the duct and position at the first traverse location Ensure that the Pitot Static probe is aligned with the axis of the duct using the alignment guide on the probe as a reference 4 Wait for the readout on the display to stabilize The FKS meter has sophisticated routines for taking measurements in unsteady flows Either adaptive averaging or exponential averaging smo
12. given probability e g 90 95 etc may be written as x XH t Sx where xi is the estimated interval of value P For the Sx value calculated by the FKS 1DP PBM the estimated interval xi can be calculated using x X 2Sx 95 5 probability x X 3Sx 99 7 probability Thus to a 95 5 confidence interval it may be expected that the measurement will lie within the interval given by y rE 2 Sx similarly for the other probabilities The variance of the distribution of the mean values for a single finite data set can be estimated by calculating the standard deviation of the means S x which is simply calculated using Se SX Sx for N 36 samples JN 6 The estimate of the true mean value x is now stated as x Xtt SX where x is the estimated interval of value P For the S value calculated by the FKS 1DP PBM the estimated interval x can be calculated using x X 2S 95 5 uncertainty x X 3Sx 99 7 uncertainty The two expressions above are what the FKS 1DP PBM presents on the display depending on the probability you selected 35 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved i AEREE X 38x 3 if 99 7 probability selected BENS The use of these expressions is best illustrated by example Pressure measurements are taken The FKS 1DP PBM displays the screen shown above note that the instrument will continually display new estimates as sequences
13. life Using a small interval e g 2 minutes or less will reduce life but may be needed for your application Q How Do I Know If the Meter is Overloaded If the pressure rating for the transducer is exceeded the meter will indicate on the display an overload condition The internal solenoid valve will actuate to equalize pressure across the transducer to reduce the possibility of damage Pressure should be relieved immediately to avoid damage CAUTION The maximum differential pressure that may be imposed on the transducer is 5psi with a maximum line pressure of 10psi Q How Do I Change the Smoothing of My Data The FKS 1DP PBM meter contains sophisticated routines to process your measurements very useful when they are unsteady or fluctuating Two methods can be used to smooth your readings An exponential moving average sometimes called exponential smoothing can be used somewhat similar to a normal moving average and of the form PX PIf 1 f P2 where P2 is the new pressure estimate shown on the display P2 is the latest pressure value measured from the transducer and P1 is the last pressure estimate In the PBM meter fis adjusted continuously adaptive depending on the level of fluctuation of the measured pressure If there is little fluctuation f will be close to zero If fluctuation is large f has a maximum value of 0 9 Thus f is continuously adjusted by the meter between 0 and 0 9 to provide the most
14. number and the number of readings in the group 22 followed by the average value of velocity as well as the H and L value in the group see sketch above Table 2 shows storage and recall for mixed pressure and velocity storage Table 2 Group ID Use and Memory Recall Group ID Stored Values Average H_ L 1 0 30 90 40 90 J0 Pa_ Pa __ Pa Pa Pa __ Pa 2 0 212 0 316 0 444 0 051 0 256 0 444 0 051 psi J psi jpsi _ psi psi psi _ psi 3 1090 1110 1081 1100 1121 1060 1094 1121 1060 ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min __ ft min ft min MR Values with units stored in Memory MR MR Shown during memory recall shown shaded Continue to rotate the Range selector to index through the group IDs After completing the recall of the manual log data the unit will recall the automatic logged data if any See Data Logging and Memory Management for details The instrument will then return to measurement mode A particularly useful function is that the average velocity and L H reading during memory recall is calculated using the currently stored values for K Patm and T This allows you to easily Group ID number 3 shown Average velocity or pressure I2 WEleo4rteti Hi Lie reprocess your stored values for both actual and standard conditions if needed by setting Patm and T as appropriate and then recalling the data from memory 21 FKS 1DP PBM Us
15. of 36 samples are acquired So we may estimate for the 99 7 probability that has been selected The true mean value of the measured pressure Ptrue_mean_value x is 1 67 0 008 lt Ptrue_mean_value lt 1 67 0 008 to a 99 7 probability or 1 662 lt Ptrue_mean_value lt 1 678 Thus there is a 99 7 chance that the true value of the mean pressure is within the range 1 662 lt Ptrue_mean_value lt 1 678 The FKS 1DP PBM will perform these calculations for pressure or velocity measurement The inbuilt Pitot traverse routine can also calculate the true mean value of the measured flow rate 36 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Appendix B Performing a Pitot Probe Duct Traverse Overview In this Appendix use of a Pitot Static probe in conjunction with the FKS series instrument will be explained The Pitot Static probe allows the direct measurement of dynamic pressure allowing calculation of the air velocity in ducts pipes wind tunnels etc Measurement of Velocity A Pitot Static probe is shown below Static pressure ports a y Total pressure port Stem Static pressure barb P m A Total pressure barb P The Pitot Static probe measures the total pressure or impact pressure at the nose of the Pitot probe and the static pressure of the air stream at side ports The difference of these pressures i e the differential also ca
16. off gt Remove the battery compartment cover plate this located on the back of the instrument The plate slides off gt Carefully remove the old batteries The ribbon under the batteries may be used to aid removal gt Replace all the batteries with fresh batteries 2 x 9V dry alkaline leak proof Be careful to ensure the correct battery polarity Do not mix new and old batteries gt Replace the compartment cover plate 31 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Specifications Dimensions 5 7 in x 3 6 in x 1 8 in 14 5 cm x 9 1 cm x 4 5 cm Weight 0 67 Ib 0 305 kg excluding batteries Working Temperatures Operating 32 F to 122 F 0 C to 50 C Storage 14 F to 140 F 10 C to 60 C Power supply 2 x 9V Alkaline batteries life approx 30hours or optional wall adapter WPA Pressure For available pressure ranges see Table 7 Measures True Differential Static and Gauge Pressure using a fully temperature compensated sensor Zero offset and zero temperature shift eliminated through auto zero without disconnect Accuracy at 25 C Typically within 0 1 of full scale pressure 0 22 max Maximum simultaneous pressure on both ports above ambient 10 psi for sensors with a range of 5 inH20 or below 15 psi for sensors with a range of 12 inH20 or above Velocity Flow For available velocity ranges Table 7 Corrected by use
17. selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin to blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit etc The meter will then briefly show the calculated duct area no units shown The meter will then prompt for you to enter the number of See Appendix B Enter the desired points using Hold Log and rotating he Range control The survey routine automatically logs the individual velocity readings into manual log memory to create a record of the survey The routine automatically increments the group ID for you and displays this survey group ID number for approximately 2 seconds The unit is then ready to collect data from the survey The screen will show for example The second line shows the measured velocity indicates the location where the Pitot should be positioned The first number in the brackets is 22 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved the row number and the second along that row As an example for a round duct would be for 2 rows with 6 points per row Either row could be selected as 1 the other row would then be 2 To take a reading rotate the Range control The meter will then index to the next point or row if all points for that row have been taken After completing each row the FKS 1DP PBM will Auto Zero to eliminate any drift and lessen sensitivity to meter orientation When you have completed t
18. stable reading e second method that can be used is a simple averaging of readings The meter will read the output from the pressure transducer multiple times and then average these values The meter will continuously adjust the number of averages from 5 to 75 averages This operation may be noticeable as the screen update rate may change as the meter changes adapts 11 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved the number of averages to give the best and most stable estimate of the pressure or velocity To select the method you want set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle followed by Rotate the Range selector any direction or unit when the desired method is displayed The instrument will then return to measurement mode The method you selected is stored in memory and will be retained after switching the unit off For very unstable readings the exponential smoothing may offer a more stable estimate where the averaging will offer a quicker estimate 12 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Measuring Pressure Q How Do I Change Units Units are changed by rotating the Range selector knob The knob has no stop and can rotate more than 360 degrees Q How Do I Measure the Minimum
19. the warranty If an alternative adaptor is used its output voltage range must be regulated and within Woe s V spartor s 12Vpc If the meter is stored or not used for over a week the batteries must be removed Q How Do I Connect the Tubing Pressure The supplied flexible tubes attach over the barbs labeled P and P A higher pressure at port P than port P will result in an indicated positive pressure To measure static or gauge pressure tubing can be connected to the P barb An indicated positive pressure shows that the static or gauge pressure is higher than atmospheric or the pressure at P Velocity To measure velocities the P port should be connected to the Total pressure port on the Pitot and the P port connected to the Static port see How Do Connect the Pitot Probe of the Pitot probe CAUTION The FKS series are not suitable for use with toxic or corrosive gases or for liquid pressure measurement The series are not approved for use in any life support application Q How Do I Switch the Unit On and Off To switch the meter on press in the On Off button You will hear and feel a click FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved indicating unit power up To switch the unit off press the On Off button again If the Range selector is set to a pressure unit the instrument will show the meter model description and then indicate that that the instrument is performing a sch
20. 9 minutes 1 hour 40 minutes The default interval is 6 minutes To change the interval set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any direction the Range control to prompt z followed by Rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The screen will displa The first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Hold Log button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin to blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit lect it The menu will 10 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved The instrument will then return to measurement mode As an example to set an interval of 3 minutes the display would be set t To convert seconds to its decimal equivalent divide the number of seconds by 60 and round off if necessary If an interval o or is set the unit will default to an interval of 15 seconds The interval you set is NOT stored in memory and will not be retained after switching the unit off to maximize battery life Upon power up the meter will use its default interval 6 minutes Note the Auto Zero can significantly affect battery
21. d in Memory MR MR Shown during memory recall shown shaded 15 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Measuring Velocity The PBM uses differential pressure probes Pitot or S type to take velocity measurements Q How Do I Change Units Units are changed by rotating the Range selector knob The knob has no stop and can rotate more than 360 degrees Q How Do I Measure the Minimum L and Maximum H Reading The Minimum and Maximum readings are continuously shown by the FKS meter on the second line of the display The maximum reading is preceded by H and the minimum reading is preceded by L No units are shown but correspond to the units displayed on the first line Q How Do I Reset Min Max To reset the Min Max or L H readings simply change the units to any other unit setting by rotating the Range knob and then set back to your desired units Q How Do I Hold or Freeze the Display Press the Hold Log button for less than 2seconds The display will freeze indicated by the appearance of an i at the top RHS of the display To resume operation press the Hold Log button again Q How Can Estimate if the Air Velocity May Be Too Unsteady for Accurate Measurement If the measured pressures fluctuate more than 10 an indicator F will appear at the top RHS of the display This may suggest that another measurement location may be necessary Q What Probes can I use with the
22. e Actual Velocity Q How Do I Check the Stored Values for K Patm and T wesc 19 Q How Do I Set K Patm and T to Default Standard Conditions 19 Q How Do I Estimate the Uncertainty in My Velocity Measurements 19 Q How Do I Store a Velocity Measurement in Memory Q How Do I Recall My Velocity Measurements From Memory 20 Meas ring FlOW Ral miinerenn reniir aai 22 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Q How Do Use the Pitot or S Probe Survey Routine 0ee cesses 22 Q Can Estimate the Uncertainty of My Flow Rate Measurement 23 Q How Do Use Manual Logging to Perform a SUIVCY estes 24 The Menu System iii ote iden taanenunenan aetna is 25 Data Logging and Memory Management sccseseseseeeeeeseeeeees 26 Q How Do Manually Log a Reading Store in Memory ou 26 Q How Do Configure the Meter for Automatic Continuous Logging 26 Q How Do Start Automatic Logging ssss111rsssssrirsrssessrrrrnrnsnrnrnnnnnnrnrene 27 Q How Do Recall My Measurements From M MOPy sscecscsessesssees 28 Q How Do I Download Memory to a PC veers 29 Q How Do I Clear the Memory esssseescssssssccessssessssusescssssneeeesssnnssesssanees 30 Maintenances coiciissecctetscovenisdevstadsdesvnissdetsbetedtonessdecaneadecnsuadecielatecsy 31 Operational Maintenance Battery
23. e percentage completion The units cannot be changed while in logging mode Logging can be terminated at any ime by pressing the Hold Log button Once logging has completed the meter will return to measurement mode Note The meter will Auto Zero before each reading if the logging interval exceeds 1 minute This may cause the indicated time interval to be slightly longer than set If the logging interval is less than 1 minute the meter will not Auto Zero between readings or group ID number followed by The free Q How Do Recall My Measurements From Memory The FKS 1DP PBM meter recalls the data stored in a group ID it calculates the average of the group as well as the minimum L value and maximum H value in the group Individual values are not displayed The meter will sequentially process all stored IDs starting from 1 showing the m and maximum for each group If there is no data in a group ID will be displayed To view individual readings download the memory to a PC see below To view your Group ID number 1 shown Average velocity or pressure Ii _F 40Fa Ha La manually logged data Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle through various options When is displayed rotate the Range selector any direction or The unit display will show The meter will 28
24. easurements in a duct section These measurements have been stored to ID 1 You move to another location where you want to measure air velocity These velocity readings are not associated with the previous pressure readings So to store them you increment to the next group ID say 2 See How Do Manage Memory for details of memory management Q How Do Recall My Velocity Measurements From Memory For full details on the functioning of memory see Data Logging and Memory Management The FKS 1DP PBM meter recalls the data stored in a group ID it calculates the average of the group as well as the minimum L value and maximum H value in the group Individual values are not displayed The meter will sequentially process all stored IDs starting from 1 showing the average minimum and maximum for each group To view individual readings download the memory to a PC see Data Logging and Memory Management To view your manually logged data Set the R to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When ipii appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle through various options When ector any direction or tm The meter will unit The unit display will show 20 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved indicate that the data in the first group ID is being processed The meter will display for 2 seconds the group ID
25. eduled Auto Zero If the Range selector is set to a velocity unit the meter will additionally show the stored velocity and flow settings K Patm and T in both metric kPa and C and imperial units inHg and F Cycling the meter On Off can be used to rapidly check the velocity flow settings The memory remaining in number of readings for both manual 8f 1 Pag and automatic logging will be briefly displayed for 2 5 seconds The maximum number of readings for manual and automatic logging is 4 000 and 6 000 respectively Q How Do I Adjust the Screen Contrast Screen contrast is adjusted by rotating the screen contrast knob Only use your fingers to operate this control Q How Do I Know if the Batteries Need Replacement If the battery voltage is too low the message i i will be displayed at startup Also will appear at the top RHS of the display wile the meter is operating If the battery is too drained for the meter to work properly the message Hiatt ieteLgi will be displayed at startup and the meter will not continue until the batteries are replaced or a wall power supply is used Q How Do I Change the Auto Zero Interval The PBM meter contains a miniature solenoid valve that is used to automatically remove any offset or drift from the differential pressure transducer without having to disconnect the meter from the pressure source You can set the interval between zeroing from 0 2 minutes 12 seconds to 99
26. eee 2 E i Dra the pressure FKS 1DP PBM Multi Function Meter Pressure Velocity amp Flow User s Manual Contact Information Email inform flowkinetics com Web www flowkinetics com Mail FlowKinetics LLC 528 Helena Street Bryan Texas 77801 USA Telephone 979 680 0659 888 670 1927 Fax 979 680 0659 979 846 2808 A IMPORTANT Read all instructions and precautions in this manual before use Keep this manual for future reference Nov 4 2014 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Table of Contents Page Limitations Of Usage And Cautions 5 Maa a alti anied dataasen iat tea kanal 5 Unpacking Parts Lista scaiaiiiaintaankivnaraniealaneind 6 Overview F eate S ariana eeN a AE ENAA 7 Q How Do Insert Batteries Use Wall Power s 1ssssssnrsrsresnrrrsressrnrereen 9 Q How Do I Connect the Tubing ssss 11ssssss1rsrsssssrrrsrsssrnrrrnrnnnrrrnrnnnrnrernnene 9 Q How Do Switch the Unit On and Off ou 9 Q How Do Adjust the Screen Contrast 0 10 Q How Do Know if the Batteries Need Replacement 0 0 0 10 Q How Do Change the Auto Zero Interval 0 eesccesseessesssessssesssaees 10 Q How Do Know If the Meter is Overloaded 0 cesses 11 Q How Do Change the Smoothing of My Data tees 11 Measuring PreSSUure a a Ten a Tr a a a a aaay 13 Q How Do I Change UnitS ss sssssrirsssrsserrsssrssenrrserrrsners
27. eeerrnrerrnnnererenrrener 13 Q How Do I Measure the Minimum L and Maximum H Reading 13 Q How Do I Reset Min MaX sssss11ssss1111ssse11rrrsnnntnrnrnnnnnrrrnnnnnerrnnnnnnnrnnne 13 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Q How Do I Hold or Freeze the Display ccesssceseesseecseesseessneessaees 13 Q How Can Estimate if the Pressure May Be Too Unsteady for Accurate Meas OMONE a aa a Rots bea stu a teil esa i Lines 13 Q How Do I Estimate the Uncertainty in My Pressure Measurements 13 Q How Do I Store a Pressure Measurement in Memory uu 14 Q How Do I Recall My Pressure Measurements From Memory 00 14 Measuring Velocity a a esos T Us alice a 16 Q How Do Change Units ceccssseescsssssecsssssiescsssusessssssneesesssnnseesssnnees 16 Q How Do Measure the Minimum L and Maximum H Reading 16 Q How Do Reset Min Max Q How Do Hold or Freeze the Display 0 16 Q How Can Estimate if the Air Velocity May Be Too Unsteady for Accurate Measurement i hoc hak Cie eS a fe elated Rees ike iets 16 Q What Probes can use with the FKS 1DP PBM cesses 16 Q How Do I Connect the Pitot Probe sssss ssrsrssrirsrssrssnrrrsrnsnrnrnrnnnnrnrene 16 Q Hw DoI Changa K c cisccectetet ctesctercasieciditig nbs ataioande tain nes 17 Q How Do I Measure Standard Velocity 0 17 Q How Do I Measur
28. ended on any such material or for any special direct indirect consequential or incidental damages to anyone or any property by reason of the fact that it shall have been non conforming or defective Repairs Authorization must be obtained before shipping items to FlowKinetics LLC for repairs When requesting a repair please include a detailed description of the problem with the item date of purchase your P O or reference number and our invoice number if available FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Unpacking Parts List Carefully unpack your FKS 1DP PBM meter Ensure the instrument If any components are damaged mak hat there is no damage to e a record and contact the shipper The instrument is supplied with some accessories are optional Item Description Quantity FKS 1DP PBM Multi function meter 1 Tubing Flexible tubing for pressure connection 2 FKS Manual User reference 1 Cable6 6 ft Serial cable 1 SwiftLink Software for downloading memory to PC Download from www flowkinetics com WPA Wall power adapter Optional SwiftScan CD Real time software for and manual monitoring the FKS outputs and downloading them to a Optional PC FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Overview Features The FKS 1DP PBM is a multi function meter designed for accu
29. enu will cycle various options when appears rotate tie Range selector any direction or unit The and Rotate the Range control to set the TOTAL time over which the meter will log The display will show initially The first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Hold Log button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin to blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit etc The maximum log duration is 100 hours 4 1 days displayed as minimum automatic log duration is 36 seconds displayed as convert the number of minutes to decimal equivalent divide by 60 and round if necessary The time interval between lo ging must now be set After setti duration the display will show and The interval between readings is set in minutes The display will show intially The interval is minutes 17 3 hours and the minimum interval i 0 6 seconds If the time interval is set to zero a default of 0 6 seconds will be used Individual digits are set as mentioned above for setting the log time If the time interval between logging is greater than the total log time the unit will display and For this case automatic logging will be disabled set the log
30. er Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Measuring Flow Rate Flow rate is measured by calculating an average velocity for the conduit of interest and then multiplying this velocity by the cross sectional area of the duct at the measurement location The velocity value may estimated using a single reading or a survey across the duct at a station see Appendix B The FKS 1DP PBM has two options for survey measurement 1 The meter contains a menu driven Pitot S probe survey routine and 2 the manual log function can be used Q How Do I Use the Pitot or S Probe Survey Routine ctor to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions ppears rotate any direction the Range control to followed by a loop Rotate the Range selector any direction or i when your desired units appear The screen will then ee followed by alternating with Rotate the Range selector any direction or unit when your duct shape is presented For a rectangular duct the unit will then prompt for you to enter the width and then the height in your chosen units or for a round duct the diameter For all cases the dimensions are set as follows The first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Hold Log button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range
31. first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Ho og button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin to blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit etc After setting the atmospheric pressure the unit will prompt for the Temperature to be set After setting the instrument will then return to measurement mode Any calculated velocities will then use the values you set for Patm and T Patm and T are stored in memory and will be retained after switching the unit off 18 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Q How Do I Check the Stored Values for K Patm and T The values of these parameters can be checked in two ways A Before switching the unit on set the Range selector to a velocity unit On power up the meter will show the stored velocity and flow settings K Patm and T in both metric kPa and C and imperial units inHg and F The unit can be cycled On Off as needed 2 Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When F appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The unit will then display the stored K factor followed by Patm
32. ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min 1090 1110 1081 1100 1121 1060 ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min ft min MR _ Values with units stored in Memory MR MR Shown during memory recall shown shaded 24 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved The Menu System The menu system uses prompt driven operation for ease of use All option selections are performed by rotating the Range selector in any direction and to any unit This provides positive tactile and audible feedback that your selection has been made All numbers are set by pressing the Hold Log button to increment the digit and by rotating the Range selector to accept the displayed number and advance to the next digit Options available through using the menu system are gt sed to set actual velocity gt o Used to set the calibration constant K for non unity robes e g S type probes gt me o Used to perform a prompt driven survey of a duct to alculate flow rate gt j o Used to set the interval between instrument Auto Zero solenoid actuation o Used to view the currently stored values for these parameters o Used to reset to default and standard conditions K 1 Patm 29 92inHg and T 70 F gt o Used to estimate the uncertainty interval for pressure velocity and flow rate measurements 5 S o Used to set Automatic logging inter
33. he survey the meter will present the calculated flow rate in your selected units as well as the group ID in which the individual velocities have been stored group 6 shown in the sketch Note the group ID number is not displayed if uncertainty mode has been selected See How Do Use Manual Logging to Perform a Survey for calculating the flow rate from the stored velocities Rotating the Range control will have the meter prompt if you are performing another survey for a similar sized duct If you are you can select by rotating the Range control This saves you having to re enter the duct dimensions and number of points If the instrument will then return to measurement mode The duct survey routine uses averaging only exponential averaging or smoothing is not used Q Can I Estimate the Uncertainty of My Flow Rate Measurement Yes if you have enabled uncertainty see How Do I Estimate the Uncertainty in My Velocity Measurements beforehand the uncertainty will be calculated for your survey After completing the survey the display will show for example if metric units where used Interpretation of the result is the same as uncertainty for pressure or velocity also see appendix A 23 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Q How Do I Use Manual Logging to Perform a Survey You can also perform a survey using manual memory log To perform a survey insert the P
34. ill then return to measurement mode Any calculated velocities will then use the K factor you set The K factor is stored in memory and will be retained after switching the unit off The measured velocity multiplies K see Appendix B See the Pitot probes instructions for the value of K usually 1 for most Pitot probes Q How Do I Measure Standard Velocity Standard velocity corresponds to a density based on a pressure Patm of 101 325kPa 29 92 inHg 32 F and a temperature T of 21 1 C 70 F The FKS 1DP PBM allows you to manually set Patm and T These values can be set in two ways 1 Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When appears rotate any gia the Range control to select it The menu will prompt followed by Hi alternating with hen the desired unit appears rotate the Range selector any direction or unit to set in either 17 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved metric or imperial units Depending on your selection the screen will display metric or mperial The first digit will begin to blink To increment this digit press the Hold Log button You can also keep the button pressed to advance rapidly If the displayed digit increments beyond 9 it will wrap around and continue from 0 When the desired value for this digit is set rotate the Range selector any direction or unit The second digit will begin t
35. itot or S probe at the required locations in the duct or conduit see Appendix B To record the velocity at a point store the value to memory by pressing the Hold Log button for more than 2 seconds but less than 4 seconds Be sure to use a new group ID for the test depress the Hold Log button for greater than 4 seconds for the first reading When you have finished the survey you can determine the average velocity by recalling the group ID of your survey see How Do Recall My Velocity Measurements From Memory To convert this velocity to a flow rate simply multiply the displayed velocity by the cross sectional duct area in the same units You can also change the velocity from actual to standard conditions or vice versa by changing Patm and T before recalling your data The memory data can be recalled repeatedly as needed An example is shown in Table 3 A circular duct was surveyed with two rows and 6 points per row The group ID was advanced for the first reading to ID 2 The twelve readings are stored in memory During memory recall the average L and H of the group ID are shown The average velocity 1094ft min is then multiplied by the duct cross sectional area giving the volumetric flow rate Table 3 Group ID Use and Memory Recall For a Flow Survey stored in ID 2 Group ID Stored Values AveragejH L 1 0 30 90 40 90 J0 Pa_ Pa _ Pa Pa Pa_ Pa 2 1095 1109 1112 1071 1096 1088 1094 1121 1060 ft min ft min
36. lled dynamic or velocity pressure Poitterential varies with the square of the air velocity Thus the air velocity may be expressed as 2P differential p where p is the air density and K is a correction factor the K factor dependent on the design of the Pitot Static probe NOTE This equation is typically valid for incompressible constant density flow For most Pitot probes the K factor is 1 For S type dirty air probes K is usually 0 8 to 0 92 refer to the manufacturer s data Vin K 37 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved The velocity indicated by the FKS series instrument is corrected by multiplication by K for a non unity Pitot Static probe The instrument automatically performs this correction after storage of the factor K Taking Measurements with the FKS Series CAUTION The FKS series are not suitable for use with toxic or corrosive gases or for liquid pressure measurement Measurement starts with attachment of Silicone or Tygon tubing to the Pitot Static probe and the pressure transducer barbs The P connection barb of the transducer is connected to the Total pressure port of the Pitot probe and the Static pressure port of the Pitot probe is connected to the transducers P barb connection The Pitot probe can then be carefully inserted into the airflow It may be necessary to drill holes into the ducting for insertion Pitot Static Probe Duct Surveys If
37. mmHg 0 01 mmHg 0 0001 inHg 0 001 inHg 0 0001 psi 0 001 psi 0 001 mbar 0 01 mbar 0 001 Ib ft 0 01 lb ft 0 01 m sec 0 1 m sec 0 01 ft sec 0 1 ft sec 0 1 ft min 1 ft min 0 0001 m sec 0 001 m sec 0 0001 ft3 sec 0 001 ft sec 0 001 ft min 0 01 ft min Table 7 Maximum and Minimum Transducer Velocity Ranges assuming standard conditions Patm 29 92inHg and T 70 F Using Pitot Probe Pressure Transducer Range 0 25 inH20 60 Pa 0 5 inH20 124 Pa 1 inH20 249 Pa 5 inH20 1 2 kPa 12 inH20 3 kPa 4 to 20 inH20 995 to 4977 Pa Velocity m s 0 5 10 2 0 7 14 4 1 0 20 3 2 3 45 4 3 5 gt 70 4 4 5 90 9 Velocity ft min 100 2 000 141 2 829 200 4 001 447 8 946 693 13 859 895 17 892 34 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Appendix A Understanding Uncertainty The FKS 1DP PBM meter allows calculation of the standard deviation of the means of measured differential pressures or calculated velocities The sample standard deviation is a measure of the precision or dispersion of the readings about the mean The FKS 1DP PBM calculates it using sequences of 36 samples N 36 using the formula Sx LL aS ee x N 11 The uncertainty interval the region in which we estimate the true value to lie for a
38. mum minimum and average value for the current ID It also includes the units used for each reading For automatic data it additionally includes the time in minutes from the first stored value for each ID Q How Do I Clear the Memory To clear the memory selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions appears rotate any Ran the Range app will display and followed by an alternating When your desired option is displayed rotate the Range control If selected the display will briefly show return to measurement mode Clearing the memory clears both the manual and automatic log data and resets the group IDs to 1 30 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Maintenance Operational Maintenance gt Ensure that the FKS meter is kept clean dry and does not come into contact with any corrosive elements gt Do not use any solvents for cleaning purposes To clean surfaces wipe with a clean dry cloth gt When not in use the pressure barbs should be covered with the supplied Silicone tubing links to avoid dust and moisture contamination gt When the low battery warning appears on the display batteries should be replaced gt The FKS series should be returned to FlowKinetics LLC for calibration annually Battery Maintenance The batteries of the FKS series are changed as follows gt Check to ensure that the instrument is turned
39. o blink Use the Hold Log button to set the desired value similarly for the third digit etc After setting the atmospheric or absolute pressure the unit will prompt for the Temperature to be set After setting the instrument will then return to measurement mode Any calculated velocities will then use the values you set for Patm and T Patm and T are stored in memory and will be retained after switching the unit off 2 Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When F F appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will indicate that K Patm and T have been reset to default i e standard conditions Note that K is also reset to 1 default Q How Do I Measure Actual Velocity The atmospheric pressure Patm this is the absolute pressure in the flow to be measured and temperature T of your airflow measurements should be set manually To measure actual velocity the temperature and absolute barometric pressure of the air to be measured must be known Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When appears tate any di ection the Range control to sdl ct it The menu will prompt followed by 9 alternating with i When the display shows the units you want rotate the Range selector any direction or unit to set in either metri imperial units Depending on your selection the screen will displa i metric o imperial The
40. o use by rotating the Range control when the interval is on the display The instrument will then return to measurement mode Indicated pressures will have the form mean pressure leviation of the mean pressure 13 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved If you had selected as an example 95 5 prob then the presented information can be interpreted as The true mean pressure value is expected to lie within 1 21 0 008 and 1 21 0 008 to a 95 5 probability So we can expect the actual pressure to be within 1 202 to 1 218 with a 95 5 probability As the meter continuously reads the applied pressure new estimates of the mean and standard deviation will be displayed When in Uncertainty mode H and L values will not be displayed as units are presented on line 2 Uncertainty mode can be switched off in two ways 1 Use the menu system and reselect LALN This mode will then e off with the screen displaying Li Laird before the unit resumes operation 2 Cycle the FKS 1DP PBM Off and On Q How Do I Store a Pressure Measurement in Memory To store a single value to memory manual logging press the Hold Log button for ter than 2seconds The display will show followed by where 2 is the group identification number of your readings The ID is a simple way of grouping measurements You can have up to 255 individual IDs starting from 1 When recalling memory an average
41. othing can be used averaging only in the Pitot routine If the readings are still oscillating significantly then another measuring point should be 38 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved considered as the results may not be representative 5 When stabilized record the desired reading s either using the inbuilt traverse routine or log the reading to memory 6 Move the Pitot Static probe to the next traversing point and repeat 5 and 7 until the traverse is complete 7 Repeat for the other traverse locations Once the traverse has been completed the volumetric flow rate through the duct can be calculated as follows the PBM automatically performs the calculations for you if using the survey routine If you have manually logged the velocities the meter calculates their average during memory recall This average velocity can then be multiplied by the cross sectional area of the duct to find Q Volumetric flow rate Q Le O Age DV N iza where Aduct is the duct cross sectional area nis the number of points total number of points surveyed Vi is the indicated velocity at each measurement point Using a Centroids of Equal Areas or Log Tchebycheff point distribution allows the velocity measurements to simply be summed and averaged NOTE Assuming fully developed turbulent flow with low air swirl rotation i e after a long section of duct the average duct velocit
42. our PC use SwiftLink SwiftLink installatio 1 SwiftLink can be downloaded from the support page or the FKS 1DP PBM product page at www flowkinetics com 2 Run the downloaded file The installation should start automatically 3 Follow the instructions on the installation routine 4 If you ordered the USB to serial adapter Part USBA connect it and install the CD that was included with the adapter Once the adapter driver is installed reboot the computer 3 Once SwiftLink is installed 1 Connect the FKS 1DP PBM meter to your PC via the supplied serial cable 29 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved 2 Run SwiftLink and click the button 3 Set the Range selector on the instrument to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions Wher appears rotate any direction the Range control to select it The menu will cycle various options when appears rotate the Range selector any direction or unit 4 The screen will initially display where F indicates that the manual log data is downloading When the manual data has finished downloading the screen will displa After downloading the automatic log data the meter will return to measurement mode If large quantities of data have been logged downloading may take some time 5 To send the data to a worksheet press Send to Excel To save it to a text file press The data includes the ID reading number stored value maxi
43. r defined flow pressure and temperature Using Velocity probe with user selectable flow coefficient Accuracy at 25 C Typically within 0 24 of full scale velocity K factor Probe coefficient set by user Range 0 00 to 9 99 Density correction Set by user temperature and pressure Duct dimensions for on board Pitot survey routine up to 99 999ft 32 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Damping Automatic and adaptive User selectable exponential smoothing or averaging Manual logging 255 group IDs 4 000 reading capacity Automatic logging 255 group IDs 6 000 reading capacity Display 2 line variable contrast alphanumeric LCD Pressure units Pa kPa inH2O mmHg inHg psi mbar and lb ft Velocity units m sec ft sec and ft min Flow units m sec ft sec ft min Compatible Mediums Clean dry non corrosive non flammable gases Output RS232 serial port interface 9 pin connector USB adapter USBA or USBA2 available as an accessory Warranty One year parts and labor 33 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Table 6 Display Resolutions Resolution for Transducer Ranges of 1 inH20 or lower Resolution for Transducer Ranges of 4 inH20 or higher 0 1 Pa 1Pa 0 0001 kPa 0 001 kPa 0 001 inH20 0 01 inH20 0 001
44. rate pressure velocity and flow measurement The meter is exceptionally easy to use due to its prompt driven user interface and intuitive functioning Features of the PBM include VVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVVV Highly configurable operation Differential static and gauge pressure Auto Zero automatic function to remove any drift internal valve Overload protection Metric and Imperial units Minimum amp maximum reading Data hold screen freeze Turbulence indicator K factor Velocity both standard and actual Density correction Intelligent automatic damping with user selectable averaging or smoothing Memory data logging up to 10 000 Rdgs with recall statistics Manual and automatic data logging Flow rate using inbuilt Pitot traverse routine or memory log Powerful statistics to estimate measurement uncertainty PC compatibility download software included Variable screen contrast Wall or battery power FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Description of Controls amp Display Controls of the FKS 1DP PBM are shown below Positive pressure connection barb On Off button Range control or selector External power jack plug Measured pressure Maximum recorded value H Calculated velocity Maximum recorded value H intig PS mbar T L 2i Negative or Reference pressure connection barb Hold Manual log button
45. robability So we can expect the actual velocity to be within 6771 8 to 6808 2 with a 99 7 probability As the meter continuously reads the applied 19 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved velocity pressure new estimates of the mean and standard deviation will be displayed When in Uncertainty mode H and L values will not be displayed as units are presented on line 2 Uncertainty mode can be switched off in two wa 1 Use the menu system and reselect iaiu Li This mode will then toggle off with the screen displaying i before the unit resumes operation 2 Cycle the FKS 1DP PBM Off and On Q How Do I Store a Velocity Measurement in Memory To store a single value to memory manual logging press the Hold Log button for greater than 2seconds The display will sho followed by 1 where 2 is the group identification number of your readings The ID is a simple way of grouping measurements You can have up to 255 individual IDs starting from 1 When recalling memory an average H and L of the readings in an ID will be calculated and shown on the screen While recording measurements in a specific ID you should not change the instrument s units To increment the ID they increment sequentially press the Hold Log button for greater than 4seconds The display will then change from to the new ID equal to the last ID 1 To clarify the use of IDs say you have taken pressure m
46. s are not associated with the previous pressure readings So to store them you increment to the next group ID say 2 Readings will be logged to a group ID until you change the ID The group ID is retained after switching the meter off Thus you can continue to store to the same ID even if the meter is switched Off and On repeatedly if desired When the number of readings stored in memory reaches 3 950 the meter will indicate that memory for 50 readings remains With each log the memory remaining will be displayed If the meter runs out of memory the memory will reset manual memory only The group ID will be set back to 1 and the manually logged data will be cleared It is important to download any desired readings for permanent storage Although the manual log memory is large it is not intended for archival storage If the maximum group ID 255 is exceeded the ID will reset to 1 memory will not be lost Q How Do I Configure the Meter for Automatic Continuous Logging The FKS 1DP PBM meter can be configured to automatically log data over an extended time interval For example you may want to record pressures every 20 26 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved minutes for a period of 14 hours To use Automatic logging Set the Range selector to Menu The menu will cycle through various functions When gt appears rotate any direction the Ri control to select it The m
47. st any faults in workmanship and materials for one year from the date of purchase Liability under this warranty is limited to repair or replacement F O B factory of any parts which prove to be defective within that time or repayment of the purchase price at the Seller s option provided the product has been returned transportation prepaid within one year from date of purchase In no case is the Seller liable beyond replacement of product F 0 B factory or the full purchase price This warranty does not apply if the product or equipment is abused altered used at ratings above the maximum specified used with disregard of instructions and specified operating procedures or otherwise misused in any way All technical advice recommendations and services are based on technical data and information which the Seller believes to be reliable and are intended for use by persons having skill and knowledge of the application on their own judgment There are no implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose for goods covered hereunder In no event will the manufacturer be responsible for consequential incidental or special damages resulting from the use of this product Buyer s Remedies The buyer s exclusive and sole remedy on account of or in respect to the furnishing of non conforming or defective material shall be to secure replacement thereof as said above The seller shall not in any event be liable for the cost of any labor exp
48. val and duration recall stored data download data to a PC and clear memory gt o Used to select between exponential smoothing or averaging for measurements 25 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Data Logging and Memory Management The FKS 1DP PBM has extensive data logging options and capability The unit can store a total of 10 000 readings Group IDs do count towards the number of readings a group ID counts as one reading Table 4 Number of Available IDs and Storage for Logging Number of Group IDs 1 255 Automatic 1 255 Q How Do I Manually Log a Reading Store in Memory To manually store a reading pressure or velocity press the Hold Log button for er than 2seconds The display will sho followed by 1 where 2 is the group identification number of your readings The ID is a simple way of grouping measurements You can have up to 255 individual IDs starting from 1 While recording measurements in a specific ID you should not change the instrument s units To increment the ID they increment sequentially press the Poog button for greater than 4seconds me display will then change i is the new D equal to the last ID 1 To clarify the use of IDs say you have taken pressure measurements in a duct section These measurements have been stored to ID 1 You move to another location where you want to measure air velocity These velocity reading
49. y may be estimated using a single Pitot reading at the center of the duct The average velocity is then approximately 0 9 of this reading with an accuracy of 5 Guidelines suggest that for a velocity distribution to be acceptable 75 or more of the velocity pressure measurements must be greater than 10 of the maximum measured velocity pressure of the survey For specifics regarding validation of surveys etc the following references are suggested 1 ASHRAE 1988 Practices for measurement testing adjusting and balancing of building heating ventilation air conditioning and refrigeration systems Standard 111 1988 Atlanta GA and 2 AABC 1989 National standards 5 ed volume measurements Washington D C 39 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved 6 Point Example Fig B1 Traverse points for rectangular and circular ducts Either Centroids of Equal Areas OR Log Tchebycheff point distributions can be used 40 FKS 1DP PBM User Manual Copyright 2014 FlowKinetics LLC All Rights Reserved Rectangular Ducts Centroids of Equal Areas Distance from wall x W or y H 0 125 0 375 0 625 0 875 0 100 0 300 0 500 0 700 0 900 0 083 0 250 0 417 0 583 0 750 0 917 0 071 0 214 0 357 0 500 0 643 0 786 Circular ducts Centroids of Equal Areas Distance from wall x D or y D 0 296 0 704 0 853
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