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D3.4: THIRD BEST PRACTICES MANUAL

1. oni ed wti SEAS ies gt ap aaa a w TA gt A Ari _ 4 gt EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual PU Equivalent 50k hours bulb expense 14 00 19 75 50 00 Total cost for 50k hours 56 00 103 75 410 00 Energy Savings Total cost for 25 bulbs 1400 2593 77 10250 Savings to household by switching from 8850 7656 25 0 incandescent v Breaking the chains of dependence control In the last years we have seen our dependence on energy increase and oil become harder to obtain This can create challenges for governments to meet national energy needs Use of renewable energies wind sun biomass etc can help reduce the dependence on other countries to supply energy It also reduces risks for international conflicts and ensures national security and sustainability v Increased communication in the work place This may not be so obvious but it is just as important A good energy savings programme starts with a commitment that is well communicated from top management These programmes can often open new methods for other communication and awareness programmes that could have broken down over the years Communication and training is fundamental in any workplace to ensure optimal efficiency and worker satisfaction v Happier healthier and more satisfied workers increased productivity It is a quite simple equation When workers feel listened to that what
2. Look for lower operating consumption For regular printing purchase a machine with the lowest operating consumption as it is unlikely to be idle for long enough to go into standby Select a printer with the lowest standby consumption for occasional printing and where usage fluctuates consider a machine with multiple standby steps so it can enter a higher level of standby between uses Consider printer functions When buying new equipment ensure printers have options for duplex printing reducing print quality and using lower melting point inks PHOTOCOPIERS Copiers use between 40 70 Watts during standby and 1 400 1 600 Watts when operating High volume of copiers use more energy so should be used sparingly Buy lower melting point inks The majority of electricity consumed by photocopiers is used to heat components which fuse the toner to the paper and these are often kept hot whilst the machine is in standby mode It is possible to reduce energy consumption by using low melting point inks so equipment can be held 89 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 at a lower temperature These should be available from your stationary supplier Purchase for your requirements Choose equipment that caters for current business needs and predicted requirements only Consider How fast the machine can return from standby to copy modes The faster this is the more energy used but the less likely it will
3. Adjust the temperature of the radiators with thermostatic valves only when you use the bathroom LAUNDRY When possible and sanitary wash with cold water Always wash with a full load Wash the filter often Line dry when possible Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity LIGHTING Use natural light when possible Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually Maintain lights and lamps clean Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful to remind others to do the same Do not use decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building Use led when possible 115 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Use fluorescent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps with electronic ballast when replacing lamps with electromechanical ballast Report and fix maintenance problems immediately HEATING AND COOLING During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 21 C Review and maintain pumps and equipment Maintain filters clean Purchase Energy Star equipment Use daily or weekly room thermostat to choose the appropriate temperature in the premises This will lead to energy savings and temperature comfort KITCHEN Refrigerator e Maintain the back of the refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freeze
4. ONS P 7 Ay t s a er Z produced you would need 208 tree seedlings a WS oft Via 7 v lt EN 4 a a Y ASNN grown for 10 years according to the e a T we an oe i a ae Eo eee calculator presented on www epa gov Those j Ji A eee SIO are a lot of seedling If you are indeed luck j 7 i GAARAA GGG enough to have a yard can you honestly say you have planted that many trees t A Let s talk MONEY The phrase goes A penny spar d is twice got or penny saved is a penny gained depending who you ask However it all boils down to the same equation Energy savings money saved Money is undoubtedly a very good reason to start saving energy Would you throw money out the window Then why continue with an old system that isn t efficient Let s start at our desk Up to 30 of the energy used at our desk can be saved by changing our practices Here is a practical example to see how much we can save in just changing light bulbs Keep in mind that the price for a LED luminary is set at an elevated price and the cost for LED is continually decreasing VELEL CON LED CFL Incandescent 50 000 8 000 Light bulb projected lifespan l l 1 000 hours Watts per bulb equiv 60 watts 60 Cost per bulb 14 00 3 95 1 00 KWh of electricity used over 50 000 hours 350 700 3000 Cost of electricity 0 10per KWh 42 84 360 Bulbs needed for 50k hours of use 50
5. Thermal insulation of the building envelope includes Best practice or behaviour v thermal insulation of external walls v thermal insulation of the roof IA LAS ALL LL S At e 23 O Os EA I te rs a aa l as Peed inma am YE SN 160 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 SITE INFORMATION Location of the building Type of building Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year Massive building Administrative activities Building characteristics 1978 Climate zone 6 Bulgaria Minimum temperature 16 oC Maximum temperature 34 oC Building size Gross floor Heated area Heated area volume Building consumption Fuel type used Annual consumption Estimated CO2 production Electricity 173 ele oe When produce 1 kWh of electricity are generated 683 g CO2 kWh Total annual consumption of the building is 253 296 kWh v External walls and the roof have a high heat transfer coefficient U W m2 K This is the Behaviours and reason for the heat loss practices prior to In relation to staff behaviour no training project activities or behavioural change campaigns have been performed previously for this reason it is expected that such actions can lead to significant results in building s energy 161 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Behaviours that will be changed Energy saving measu
6. All activities should be documented showing their action impact results and suggestions for improvement 131 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 General Energy Checklist YV Always use compact fluorescent lights CFLs in desk lamps as opposed to incandescent lights Switch off all unnecessary lights Use natural lighting when possible When working late use task lighting to directly illuminate work areas Unplug equipment that drains energy even when not in use is cell phone chargers fans coffeemakers desktop printers radios etc If possible turn off office equipment and or computer monitors at the end of the work day Use efficient ENERGY STAR products Close tilt window blinds to block direct sunlight to reduce cooling needs during warm months Photocopy only what you need Always use the second side of paper either by printing on both sides or using the blank side as scrap Use durable coffee mugs instead of disposable cups Carpool bike or use mass transit when commuting to work a tat a a OO ea To save gas drive the speed limit Accelerate and decelerate slower and make sure tires have the proper pressure Source U S Department of Energy 132 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 In the Office Check List fn Workers O LI UW u U ia O OO O Ld Ven xt Turn off equipment at power strip or unplug computers
7. maintenance other Description Energy Project Energy Cost Responsible Completion Observations type stage Savings person completed date These tasks should be tracked to monitor their progress Commit to having meetings of the team on a regular basis to talk about the progress of the plan and the problems encountered The following table can be used to identify economics benefits and risks for each task Conservatio Feasibility Estimated Estimated Estimated Available Project Productivity Ease of Risk n Measure Study Energy operating cost incentives payback quality or implementation Complete Savings peak MW yield savings easy medium Y N MWh reduction hard IMPLEMENT BUDGET This budget should include costs of the energy manager running the management team projects employee awareness etc Source OPA energy Management Template EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 6 Buyers guide for energy efficient technology 86 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 A BUYERS GUIDE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY The starting point for purchasing energy efficient products and services is to have a purchasing policy that takes into account the energy implications of your purchasing decisions All purchasing decisions should start with a needs evaluation so that you only buy what you really need Resultant specifications should include energy criteria
8. e Make the switch to LED for common areas These must be change to LED and will have good results e Carry outa study To determine the best option have a study done DICHROICS Normally dichroics are used in a variety of applications They can be used for shelves banners desktops and large rooms They are good for focused lighting Historically these bulbs were halogen GU5 3 with 12 Volts and GU10 with 220 230 Volts However these lights are now available with LED technology e 230V We recommend the 230V because they do not need a transformer Using transformers can result in loss of energy e Change to LED Dichroic It is recommended to change to LED dichrioc and an economic study is not needed since the savings difference is always high PROJECTORS AND OTHERS e The newer models have LED technology These are good options for office use but perhaps for larger projectors for theaters and such LED may not have the power needed just yet VISUAL Offices and homes use numerous types of screens TVs PCs laptops tablets etc we are bombarded with advertisements telling us that their brand has the best technologies and we are made to think that newer is better e Lease to most efficient Plasma CRT LCD and LED Logically the most efficient are the most costly e LED screens are the most efficient 94 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 KITCHEN There are some basic tips when purc
9. energy efficient systems of that kind are providing an energy recuperation of exhaust air automated control of the energy source which is being used natural gas and electricity depending on the variable environmental parameters temperature solar radiation wind etc These systems must be connected to and controlled by a building energy management system BMS CENTRALISED HVAC ELECTRIC ONLY e The contemporary centralised HVAC systems which use only electricity are also being installed in large public and commercial buildings Chillers for cooling are being used in large buildings as well as thermo pumps air air for heating and ventilation systems for recuperation of energy of the exhaust air In households more appropriate are thermo pumps air air and air water The contemporary thermo pumps of that kind are having DC invertors and their COP is between 2 5 and 4 5 CENTRALISED HVAC BIOMASS e Modern Biomass HVAC systems These systems which are using only biomass as an energy source are generally split into two categories 1 systems which are using pellets with thermal capacity up to 30 kW and 2 systems W which are using wood chips for larger capacities The contemporary HVAC biomass systems are having a high efficiency more than 90 and operate completely automatically Their controllers can be easily connected toa BMS The cleaning of container from residual ash is performed once in a week LIGH
10. natural gas and diesel oil e Individual biomass systems for hot water preparation are being used only when large quantities of hot water are needed for example at industrial sites In all other situations these boilers are combined with space heating The contemporary systems of that kind are fully automated they have very good insulation and efficiency above 90 PRODUCTION OF ENERGY Although not all options are a perfect fit for all locations and building needs here are some energy production systems that should be considered 98 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER CHP Combined Heat and Power or CHP as it is more commonly referred to is the simultaneous generation of usable heat and power usually electricity in a single process In other words it utilises the heat produced in electricity generation rather than releasing it wastefully into the atmosphere CHP is sometimes referred to as co generation or cogen On balance co generation can result in savings of up to 50 per cent of CO2 emissions compared with conventional sources of heat and power Initiating a CHP evaluation is a decision that requires careful consideration The most important thing is that there is a suitable heat load the more constant the better A CHP operating for 2 the year will save 1 2 the energy compared to one operating all the time After a preliminary investigation it is generally
11. screens copy machines printers etc at the end of the work day Turn off the monitor screen when away from the desk for more than 15 minutes lunch breakfast meetings Use power strips to shut off all equipment at once when not in use Open windows to cool the office instead of using the air conditioning Likewise make sure the air is not on when the windows are open Use natural lighting Use the blinds to maximize light and minimize heat Keep windows clean for maximum light Turn off lights and other equipment when not in use Do not keep chargers plugged in when not charging Space heaters should be used only when necessary and turned off when not in use Try to use appropriate clothing sweaters good socks before using heaters Unplug or shut off at a power strip kitchen equipment toasters microwaves etc when not in use Shut off bathroom lights upon leaving Use washable mugs instead of disposable dishware Photocopy only when necessary and print double sided Alert maintenance staff when equipment or lights are not functioning properly Use energy efficiency labels to the appliances lighting and equipment to describe the energy performance of these products At the end of the workday and before the weekend set the heating air conditioning and ventilation systems to work in sleep mode with reduced parameters or do not work 133 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Maintenanc
12. the plug or use power strips The truth on the standby mode Energy is being consumed in the standby mode The consumption depends on the technology and can even vary even within the same technology The best option is to switch off the entire system It is the cheapest and most profitable in terms of energy Turn off your screen It is also very important not to let the screens lit a long time it is best to turn off the computer screen when we go to have a coffee to leave it in screen saver mode Not all screens are the same Some screens have different modes of brightness and display the image if possible should be selected eco mode that is able to reduce up to 30 instant consumption during use 3 Audio Portable stereo and integrated stereo v Speakers and stereos on mute are spending energy You may think it s better left on mute mode well think again The mute mode can consume large amounts of energy Shut the stereo down completely by switching off the power strip or unplugging Turn it down Raised volumes consume not just young people s ears but also energy whe k min MTA Hees hanal Nih MN ALIN shang 4 Kitchen Some general tips Buildings that have commercial sized kitchens are the biggest energy spenders of all Here are some general and specific energy saving tips to follow in the kitchen EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Defrost items by
13. 1 1 5 The window should be certified to a relevant test standard or should have an energy label eg http www bfrc org 104 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 7 Energy Management Tools 105 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 4 Action Checklist Senior management is committed to ICT energy efficiency An ICT Energy Co ordinator has been appointed Sufficient resources are allocated to energy management within the ICT team An ICT Energy Management Team has been established L The PCs left on overnight are visible a E reported PCs are not left on after hours for updates Software updates are carried out during D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual A Energy management checklist Tips provided by the SEAI Public Sector ICT working group for resource allocation and policy change with the necessary time and resources A set time per week should be allocated to this work A small team of enthusiastic volunteers Use central policy and controls or write scripts to report which PCs are left on after a set time If PCs are left on after hours for updates then consider rescheduling to during the working day This may be challenging but can be 106 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 C All non essential equipment is switched E E a business hours only off out of business hours There is automated shutdo
14. EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU INDEX L AD UI Gee erm ee eres err eee E en ere nen ee eee en ee ee re 4 2 The importance Of good energy PLactiCeS csccssesssesscscssscsessssssssssssescsesssssssssessesesescassesessesescssssseees 6 Bes EVA SAVING PIa ees E E E A S 11 A WV Mla ARS the oE AONO eee 31 Dp OSU AC a E E E E E EA E E EA E E EA E A 32 5 1 Energy Saving DOC CIIONS poessserrsitrrrieea re reserse i E n S EEE E SESE E 32 5 2 BOSP TI OS o E N E A S 34 6 ANNEXE MY TOOLBOX cenis eona Epee E E EEE ENA EE EEE SEEEN EEEE TENETE SEEE 54 ANNEX 1 Sample StatOMent ccccssssescssssssssesecsssssssesesesessssesesesessssesesesessesesesesesesseseseseseeseceeeseseeseaeeeseeeseees 55 ANNEX 2 Employee Energy Questionnaires ccsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssseseseseseseseseseseseseeeees 59 ANNEX 3 Building Information and Historical Energy CONSUMPTION s sssessesseessessesssessesseessesseesses 70 ANNEX 4 Survey of energy USE scssi no aa aa N Ea apaa soe doer taco naan 75 ANNEX 5 Company name Energy Plan s ssessessessessessessesseeseeseessessessessessessessesseoseoseoseoseeseeseeseessessessesseoseess 78 ANNEX 6 Buyers guide for energy efficient technology ssessessesssessesseessessesssessesseesseessesseoseessesseesses 86 ANNEX 7 Energy Management Tools cssssssssssssssssssssscscssssssscsssssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssesessseseseseseseseeeeens 105 ANNEX 8
15. Look for appliances with an ECO label and this will also help you to reduce energy Choose the right model Compare the technical parameters capacity and functions of the appliances before buying REFRIGERATORS The refrigerators are switched 24 hours per day weekly 7 days so it is well worth finding models that are energy efficiency Taking the right decision depends on the best cost quality ratio and ecology you will save money and reduce kilograms of carbon dioxide over the lifetime of the refrigerator New refrigerators consume 75 less energy than those produced in the late 1970s Compare energy guide labels Refrigerators must have all an A A or A energy rating class However because the energy rating is based upon classification by size a smaller A rated fridge could use less energy than a larger A rated fridge You can compare the total annual energy consumption 96 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Gas There are two ways for hot water preparation with natural gas The first way is through heating boilers i e the preparation of hot water is combined with heating the premises The major problem in that case is the inefficient operation of boilers during summer of appliance in kWh yr by looking for their installed capacity in kW displayed on the energy label Get the right size Refrigerators with freezers on top use 10 to 25 less energy than a side by side model of
16. Tools for office awareness and recognition ssessessessesseeseeseeseeseeseessessessessesseoseoseoseeseeseesees 128 ANNEX 9 EPLACE CASE STUDIES Best Practices and Behaviors Ireland Spain and PUGOT Irn E E E A E A E enemas 142 ANNEX TO ATAO UC moraa E S A E E A hate tienes doen eee 163 ANNEX 11 Energetic magnitudes ss ssesessessessessesessessesseseeseesessesseseeseoseosesseseeseosesseseeseosesseoseseeseosessesseseeses 165 Ie BIBHOGRAPRI possen a E E E eee S 167 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 1 Abstract Climate change has become today the greatest environmental threat of this century as recognized governments scientists businesses and organizations wOrldwide While climate variability is a natural phenomenon it is a fact that this change has accelerated as a result of increased emissions of greenhouse gases GHG caused by human activity primarily due to main gas emitted by man carbon dioxide CO2 When we buy a new appliance a new toy for our kid or a put it together yourself table to save a little money we usually take out all the pieces from the box and look for the manual It is our hope that this booklet presented in one thousand languages will give us some insight to how the heck this all works There are some manuals that even provide a plastic bag with tools to help you assemble it Those are the best We don t even have to go digging though the tool box to find t
17. and challenges as well as motivate all participants to improve efforts during the implementation process Good luck CHECK 28 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU A check must be done on a regular basis in order to improve and fix problems that may occur during the implementation of the programme The following steps can be taken to evaluate your progress 1 Check your EPLACE account for results See the results of your building after a 6 month period What could be better 2 Fill out the building information and energy consumption sheets Annex 3 again and compare your data from the past years Did you save energy and money If not why not 3 Give building users the second questionnaire Annex 12 and see if attitudes and behaviours have changed If nothing has not changed why not What needs to be done to help further change attitudes and behaviours 4 Review timelines Are the tasks set out to do being accomplished on time 5 Check goals Are the goals that were set at the planning stage being reached 6 Reward hard work and achievements It is important that efforts are recognised Acknowledging behavioural changes in the workplace can motivate employees to keep going see Annex 10 The EPLACE platform and WeSave device will allow EnPls Energy Performance Indicators to be routinely monitored to check on energy performance against the planned targets Savings are susta
18. cases it can save up to 90 on heating Depending on the type of roof it can often be quite straightforward to insulate at roof level Insulating flat roofs can be more difficult and requires some structural work Insulating walls also usually needs some building work finishing plastering and painting internal walls if insulation is applied internally finishing and painting external walls if applied externally If arranging for insulation you should ensure that the insulating material and the contractor are certified by relevant bodies For example in Ireland insulation contractors and material are certified by the Irish Agreement Board while in the UK the British Board of Agreement provides this service see Annex 9 Choosing an Installer Building envelope The building envelop is the outer shell of your building Ensuring the insulation is in good condition and that there are not air leaks in your building See the tip sheet in Annex 9 to get started Windows Of all the components in a building it is through the windows that most heat is lost This is because glass allows heat to escape more readily than most other building materials For example given the same area of wall and window the window will allow up to eight times more heat to escape For this reason it is important that your windows are as efficient as possible While standard double glazing is a great improvement over single even more advanced glazing syste
19. energy consumption depending on the type you use and you can expect a low medium or high depending on the energy saving that can represent to the organization on a provisional basis Some actions carry no cost associated or too low Others however require major investment especially those associated with some kind of work in the building Notwithstanding we must not forget that measures an average cost or high can be amortized in short time due to the saving generated The cost estimate is presented as low medium or high Then the main measures of energy saving and efficiency that can be implemented in a building are developed Behaviour and awareness The sensitization and awareness of employees is essential to achieve the objectives in the Plan of energy savings Below are samples good practices to conduct by users of a building v Make the most of natural light turn lights avoided unless necessary Upload blinds and ventilation fail v Use and demand low energy lighting v Be sure to turn off lights and equipment even from the main strip v Limited use of the lift If you have to go to a second or third floor you can do walk 36 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU S Program thermostats 25 C in summer and 21 C in winter v Closes well faucets and check for leaky v Donotuse the toilet as a wastebasket v Install flow restrictor downloads reduction systems in tanks and t
20. equivalent size Multiple refrigerators A larger refrigerator usually needs more energy to run However two small refrigerators use more energy than one larger one Skip the ice maker Not only are they more expensive they can use 14 20 more energy HOT WATER season when only hot water is required operation out of A the heating season When boilers have large capacities their usage during such season is even impossible because that kind of boilers have limitation on minimal load Buy individual gas fueled boilers The second and more efficient way is through individual gas fueled boilers This way of hot water preparation is much better in terms of energy efficiency and functionality The contemporary boilers of that type are fully automated heat insulated with polyurethane which allows for continuous storage of hot water without additional energy Normally the efficiency of those boilers is over 90 ELECTRIC The contemporary electric boilers have a full electronic process control for heating up water They have a very good insulation which allows for storage of hot water up to 48 hours without energy consumption Their efficiency is over 96 97 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 SOLAR Solar energy is an eco friendly solution for supplying the building facility with hot water and to support the operational work of the installed boiler for heating A lot of buildings in the EU rely on t
21. for energy conservation and efficient measures in the workplace e List of creative ways to motivate staff e Analysis of savings and improvements e Examples for reporting e EPLACE Case Studies Best Practices and Behaviours A note of inspiration The entire nation of Cuba a country we must note has a very tight budget was able to reduce its energy needs by half over a four year period of Cuba a country we must note has a very tight budget was able to reduce its energy needs by half over a four year period EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 2 The importance of good energy practices What do we have to gain by starting or participating in an energy programme in our building The challenge of climate change involves drastically reduce CO2 emissions associated with energy consumption reversing their grown in recent years and laying the foundation for a culture based on energy savings the use of more efficient technologies and the development of renewable energy sources To achieve a rational use of resources saving and energy efficiency should be the mainstay in the policies of governments internal policies of all organizations institutions and companies and of course part of our habits everyday life The improvement achieved through this approach would rest in lower costs greater security in energy supply productivity growth of workers identified with the energy policy of the company
22. improve the image of the company and raising income among others positive effects There is a lot to be gained in creating a programme for energy savings in your company and it isn t all based on saving the environment and money Here are some of the top reasons to start an energy programme v Reduction of CO2 and other Green House Gases bla bla bla os Green house gases are those gases that impede heat from escaping from E the Earth s atmosphere They include gases like Carbon Dioxide aka CO3 Nitrous Oxide and Hydro Fluorocarbons Per Fluorocarbons and Sulphur 3 Hexafluoride To get straight to the point the increase of these gases can dictate if our beach homes weather another season if we will be able to E afford those tomatoes we really fancy at the market and how much we spend on air conditioning Everyone who hasn t been in a cave since 1990 will know that saving energy can reduce the amount of green house gasses we emit into E our atmosphere Since this would not be a proper manual without lt mentioning the importance of its reduction we will state it with a short factoid EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The average house in Ireland is responsible for emitting 8 1 tonnes of CO based on the latest year for which data is available according to a new report published today by Sustainable Z A A AR Energy Ireland SEI To offset the carbon ae ve n A wAL
23. incentivised to reduce this Laser printers use the same technology and consume similar amounts of energy as photocopiers You can achieve savings by v v v v Printing in batches to reduce the time printers are idling Turning the printer off when it is not in use Ink jets use less A laser printer in sleep mode could use double the energy of a similar specification inkjet printer Energy efficient printers can drop to 15 45 Watts or less in standby mode depending on type and specification Photocopiers v Allocate responsibility for switching off machines to one person to ensure this is carried out at the end of each day 43 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Consider installing plug in seven day timers to automatically switch off photocopiers out of office hours and reduce costs Maximise standby savings Always ensure standby features are enabled Try to encourage staff to copy in batches where possible to allow the machine to spend more time in standby than idling Match the copier to the job v Stick to black and white copiers and only use colour when absolutely necessary Use high volume machines for large jobs but if high volumes of small copying jobs are more common use low volume fast response machines with low melting point inks v Set default copying to double sided and ask staff to think carefully about the number of copies actually required so as to save on energy pap
24. oil best suites your engine Look for an API performance symbol that indicates Energy Conserving to be sure it contains friction reducing additives Change fuel filters during the planned motor oil changing in auto service station This maintenance will improve the efficiency and quality of your engine operation and will reduce of the periodic repairs needed Change dirty air filters This is important for older cars Newer cars are not affected however a changed filter will improve driving performance DRIVING TIPS v Relax Rapid accelerating and braking on highways can lower efficiency by 33 Y Slow down Going slower can significantly decrease fuel efficiency v Use cruise control The use of cruise control can cut fuel needs by maintaining a steady speed v Use the overdrive gear If you have an overdrive gear it can be used to reduce the engines speed which will enable to save fuel and reduce engine wear v Reduce mileage by using multiple types of transport For example driving to a park and ride and taking the train into town or using bike shares in the city can cut gas and increase an individual s health v Combine trips Plan your route wisely and tasks to efficiently use fuel and time v Use a GPS device Getting lost can become not just frustrating but inefficient v Turn down the air An air conditioner set on max can consumption by 5 25 v Avoid ing items on the rack or leaving the windows open
25. placing them for a few hours in the refrigerator avoiding doing it by running water over the item v Cooking equipment and pots should adequately fit the burner flame Cover pots casseroles and pans v Turn off heat producing appliances electric pots grills etc before finishing using them to make use of residual heat Have a system to detect and fix water leaks quickly Plan the kitchen by creating hot and cold areas so heat is not transferred to refrigerating units Ensure there is space behind appliances for air to circulate Purchase A rated or Energy Star appliances S LS Inform staff on water saving Remember hot water is energy spent Check equipment temperatures and flow rates Use the maximum water savings flow rate and the minimum temperature according to manufacturer guidelines Make sure appliances that produce heat are separate from those that cool Keep ovens grills and stoves clean v Keep oven doors well closed and reduce the temperatures of preheating ss In depth Dishwasher v Scrape food scraps off plates no pre rinsing is necessary v Use the dishwashers only on full loads and use economic programmes or ones with low temperatures v Use the energy savings cycle when possible vV Say no to heat Let the dishes air dry or use the no heat air dry feature Skipping the heat drying cycle can save energy v Use the dishwasher Washing by hand uses more water than a dishwasher v Optimise
26. plants extra break time Prizes energy products for the home Donate part of the saved money to non governmental Environment or human aids agencies 5 Listen to suggestions Make workers and building users part of the process by listening to them 6 Keep positive There will be times it doesn t seem like anything is changing but positive brings positive 130 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Training Tools To develop a project like EPLACE it is necessary to incorporate and motivate the people to achieve positive results Without proper training and sufficient information this is impossible Here are some training tools that can be developed to inform building users on energy savings and the EPLACE efforts being made e Informative eco Posters see the Sample Office Poster e Best practices flyers e Use fun facts to show energy savings see our Myths on Energy Savings e WeSave and WeLight demonstrations using the platform information and tools e Show how apps can calculate how much money and CO2 have been saved using recommended best practices e The Dos and Don ts in energy consumption Make comparisons and checklists see our Energy Conservation Checklist e Citizen workshops that focus on how to save energy and the benefits for the environment as well as their pocket e Kid activities that use dissemination videos with cartoons that present Ecological Best Practices
27. recommended to get advice from a specialist consultant or contractor to carry out a detailed feasibility study WIND POWER A Wind Turbine converts the kinetic energy in wind into MII yp Wi rotary anette Enel that is then used or e ge PRY generation of electricity In Ireland the most efficient PF WL N Y E models are added to me Triple E g where the ue Es ANZ stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of A ia equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation There are similar accreditation schemes in the UK for the microgeneration certification scheme MCS and for the ECA Purchasers of wind turbines should e Carry out a site assessment to check if there is a good wind resource e Check that equipment is CE marked e Check that the wind turbine has been tested according to the appropriate European Standards and or equivalent International Standards e Check operating and maintenance manuals for equipment e Carry out a financial assessment to determine the likely payback This will vary depending on feed in tariffs projected energy yield from the site assessment and the cost of the wind turbine 99 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Points to note e Installations often require planning permission from the local authorities e Buildings structures and trees can create turbulence and severely affect the perform
28. saving inthe use and regulation of DHW Low Low of DHW temperatures Domestic hot Heat recovery condenser cooling Low Low system Maintenance Maintenance and revision of bump Low Ow Installation of saving system and rational use of water Using efficient ieee High equipment Efficient lighting equipment J Use of natural light and rational use ieee veh of lighting Appropriate control Zoning lighting Medium Installation of photosensitive cells Medium Medium Installation of time switches Lo Medium Low Installation of presence detectors Low Medium Cleaning and maintenance of the Maintenance system Energy and water saving Low Low O Z O O 164 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 11 Energetic magnitudes 165 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Units Prefixes and suffixes used in the international system Giga 10 G Mili 10 m Micro 10 u Equivalences between units of work or energy 1 2 778x10 2 389x10 2 39x10 3 6x10 1 860 8 604x10 4 186x10 1 163x10 1 1x10 4 187x10 11 628 1x10 10 000 v J Julio work unit of the international system v kW Kilowatt hour equivalent to the amount of energy produced or consumed by a power of one kilowatt for one hour v kca Kilocalorie unit of heat energy v tep Ton oil equivalent approximately equivalent to the amount of energ
29. the PLAN to paper Take a deep breath and before starting ask v Where are we currently and where would we like to be v What level of commitment do we want and can we assume v What degree of effort are we willing to make economic personal and organisational v What is our timeframe for action Important points to keep in mind when writing the plan Vv t should be believable It should be coordinated with other company policies and with legislation It should be clear and decisive so that it is easily understood by all readers It should include a comprehensive plan to educate building users The set goals and responsibilities should be viable and well defined It should be communicated to all people in the organisation It should consider continual improvements LN NNN A See ANNEX 5 Company Energy Plan Template 2 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU DO Test the plan If we knew what it was we were doing it would not be called research would it Albert Einstein Implementing the plan does not mean we can just wash our hands of everything At this stage of the game the implementation of the plan is a trial period for research to test the effectiveness of our plan Once the plan has been implemented we can then CHECK what needs to be modified and ACT Once the cycle is completed it should be started again Use of the EPLACE services will help to monitor progress
30. the measure to take should compare the cost and the savings For this you can use various financial profitability calculations recommending the most simple consisting of calculating the term of return on investment as 34 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The value obtained will release the years required for a return on investment giving an idea of whether or not to undertake it The decision may also be made based on the effectiveness of investment in their ability to reduce energy consumption of the organization and or avoided emissions For this the annual cost of implementing the measure including maintenance costs by dividing the annual cost of operation between energy consumption and or CO2 emissions avoided v Difficulty of implementation An assessment of the difficulty of implementing the measure will be taken based on issues such as the acceptance by staff the period of time required to undertake it or availability of budget and material and human resources to carry out v Aviability of aid on investment Subsidy programs and existing tax credits that can help the organization to undertake the necessary will be valued Then a summary measures highlighted savings and improved energy efficiency that can be performed in an office buildings list is presented 35 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Each measure has associated a reduction of
31. the space but make sure water circulates adequately Refrigerators N unung G v Hot items should not be placed in refrigerators nor should refrigerator or freezer doors be left open without need v Avoid ice build up or condensation in the refrigerator units v Maintain an appropriate temperature Maintain your refrigerator just below 4 C lt v Position the refrigerator in a cool spot JSS Keep the refrigerator away from a heat sources such 46 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ovens dishwashers or direct sunlight v Allow air circulation behind the refrigerator v Maintain a space between the wall and the refrigerator and with older models be sure to maintain condenser coils Always follow instructions for good maintenance detailed in the user manual v Check the door seals Vv Insure that the refrigerator closes tightly and the seal is not worn In the case that they are damaged they can be replaced v Maintain the door closed v Try not to open the door too often Select what is needed all at once and close the door When to say goodbye v The refrigerator is over 15 years old v The refrigerator is over 8 years old the repairs are costly and the refrigerator is out of warrantee Oven v Install your oven far from your refrigerator to keep these appliances from working against each other or add foam insulation between the two if space is limited v Resist the
32. they do matters that their boss cares about their wellbeing workers will be more dedicated and ultimately be more productive v Transfer of good practices to the home Instilling good habits in the workplace will transfer them into the daily life of that person Good practices in your building can have secondary effects on the society as a whole the domino effect of good practices for social change EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Improved public image proud employees and better public image It is important for public buildings to serve as an example When a citizen walks into your building it is important that they feel their government is responsible Likewise it is important to transmit the benefits to workers so that they have a shared sense of pride that will be transferred to their work v Increase value of the building There is growing legislation regarding energy efficient buildings and laws are being passed in many countries regarding the requirements on sales and rentals of buildings The value of the building is obviously greater and the possibility of sale higher of an energy efficient building Is it right for our building The answer is an astounding YES Whether you have a small budget or no budget at all energy efficiency is the way to go Funds should not be the deciding factor to not embark on a road to energy efficiency On the contrary Energy eff
33. type of professional devices like gas analyzer electronic tester data loggers etc the installers are used ESTIMATES AND QUOTES The company has provided the quote in writing and on official company headed paper Is the system eligible of an incentive programme of Feed in Tariffs Explain different payment options What is included in the price This should include Safe removal and disposal of older equipment Drilling of trenching Electrical work He EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Connection old to new systems If connecting to the grid Is a meter included or will you need to get one In situations of heating is the cost of integration with the actual system included BEFORE SIGNING OR PAYING A DEPOSIT from the Renewable Energy Consumer Code Get it in writing A quote including a standard performance estimate specific to your property and a full breakdown of what will be supplied make sure it s all inclusive Their standard terms and conditions Read all information and understand it Never pay more than 25 of the contract price up front and check it will be protected Remember that you have the right to cancel the contract Make sure you do not waive this right Any changes to the contract should be put in writing and added to the contract If the company makes changes to the contract make sure that you have a written agreement If you do not agree you have the ri
34. urge to open the oven door while cooking as this lets valuable heat escape v Skip preheating and shut the oven off 15 minutes prior to finishing time v Keep your oven clean A dirty oven can keep heat from transferring properly to the oven v Don t self clean the oven more than once a month Insulation The isolation of a home depends on several factors mainly on the quality of the material and the technique with which the walls ceilings and floors are built But also have particular importance walls windows and doors which must be done with aluminum mixed carpentry and always accompanied by a double glazing In places where the weather is cold the houses building loses heat through the roof walls and floor for this order of importance If you live or work in a block building the ceiling and floor doesn t affect too and the effort in the windows it is more important than on the walls In the case of an isolated house the roof has to bear in mind EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU In hot sites increasingly due to the advancement of the greenhouse effect that heat doesn t enter is the most important In these places must be taken into account isolation and control solar gain Retrofitting insulation to a building can be an invasive and costly exercise However the payback on energy costs is often quite reasonable and improved insulation will lead to improved comfort levels In some extreme
35. 2010 It extends the energy label to energy related products in D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual PU Energy Manufacturer Model More efficient the commercial and industrial sectors The extension of the scope from energy using to energy related products including construction products means that the Directive incorporates all equipment that has any effect on the use and conversion of energy The gt e gt eee Less efficient products may not consume energy however they may have a significant direct or indirect J on wel Ow Deo appharce is used and where is Ocatod Fresh food volume Frozen food volume impact on energy savings such as window glazing and outer doors Noise dB A re 1 pW Energy labelling requirements are already in Furrer tornate force for a number of products and the Commission will adopt delegated regulations labelling in parallel with the adoption of the EcoDesign regulations aton is contained for energy e Look for Energy Star The Energy Star label represents a level that any environmentally conscious manufacturer will want to meet The Energy Star database that lets you pick the most energy efficient models within the group of Energy Star qualified office equipment which meet your performance ENERGY STAR criteria Background information and hints on why it makes sense to buy the most energy efficient office equipment how to select the most energy sa
36. AN How to get started In order to start planning we need to have a good grasp on the current situation In other words we must determine the who what when where and how of energy spending The tools of EPLACE the Intelligent Energy Saving Account IESA WeLight WeSave and WeTalk will also help you get started in identifying where changes need to be made and will offer support in efforts The IESA is an online platform that gathers and analyses results and offers recommendations It is composed of e Advisory tool e Pumps check e Heat protection e Solar Check EPLACE e Cooling check WeSave is a smart energy monitoring and control system that follows a building s energy use WeLight is a smart system that follows the energy of exterior lighting Smart meters are instruments that are Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology WeTalk is a collaborative platform and social network to provide support to participants v Who Committed top management and employees with a voice The level of commitment from top management s or its equivalent is key to a successful programme They have the responsibility to commit to support the programme and improve its effectiveness ISO 50001 4 If there is no commitment from the top you can be certain there will be no action from the middle down Too many times we hear phrases like 13 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract N
37. AND TIME FRAMES Medium term Examples include e Implement all practical cost effective energy efficiency measures e Identify further opportunities to make more efficient use of energy and water e Provide regular management reports on cost consumption performance changes and improvements e Educate building users on best practices e Motivate all site users to avoid waste and use energy more efficiently and encourage staff to suggest new ideas for improving energy efficiency Long term Examples include e Give high priority to energy efficiency investments e Increase our investment in clean efficient technologies 57 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Energy Management team e Name and responsibility e Name and responsibility e Name and responsibility e Etc What we have already accomplished This is to be added once you have gotten started to show improvement It can include serious things like graphs or even a picture of something that has really changed Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed people can change the world Indeed it is the only thing that ever has Margaret Meade Signed CEO Company Address 58 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 2 Employee Energy Questionnaires EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU uestionnaire 1 Prior to programme implementation D
38. Centralised HVAC LED Halogen Compact fluorescent Candescent LCD TV Plasma TV Projector Standard TV Portable Stereo Integrated Stereo Coffee machine Dish washer Units number Does it have a system for energy savings D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Observations 76 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Electric Kettle Toaster Coffee urn Refrigerator small Refrigerator large Electric hot water heater Pumps N N ga ms EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 5 Company name Energy Plan 78 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Company name Energy Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objective is to summarise briefly the plan to be carried out It can include the following points Reasons for the energy project and what is to be gained Current situation Energy plan targets and objectives Time frame to execute targets and objectives Expected participation and the energy team ee oe a ENERGY PLAN INFORMATION Date of report Author s Acknowledgement of key staff involvement a a Building name and location BACKGROUND Describe the current situation Some points that can be included 1 Common practices used monitoring metering systems programmes for energy conservation Office equipment appliances luminaries etc used
39. Contract Number 325182 Environmental Performance Lessons learned Suggestions for success Contact information will be established after the installation of the WeSave From the energy audits and the WeSave information there have been a number of lessons learned so far The ancillary lighting in areas such as hallways stairwells and common areas is not always needed management have started to instruct staff to switch these areas off when not needed The BMS system has become out of synch with the buildings systems and will be modified to operate automated systems more efficiently There are cycles of the CHP system when it exports heat and electricity this will be examined Computers and office equipment are being left on after hours the behavioral campaign will address this Overall pool shower and air temperatures will be examined to see if they can be reduced We had designed a ready to go behavioral campaign and have already implemented some of the actions this will consist of published material workshops energy days and the use of staff as energy ambassadors to help deliver actions These ambassadors will also be trained on the WeSave system Declan McCormac CODEMA Temple Bar Dublin 2 353 1 7079818 dec mccormac codema ie 148 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 SPAIN CASE STUDY CULTURAL CENTRE OF THE TOWN CARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guideline
40. ND VISITORS STICKERS OR POSTERS CAN BE USED Turning off lights when not in use Closing windows when the air or heat is on Closing doors especially those that lead to the outside Unplug and shut off devices that are not in use Water savings measures BATHROOMS Use cold water when possible Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets Report and fix leaks as soon as possible Unplug devices when not in use Do not set the temperature above 40 C LAUNDRY When possible and sanitary wash with cold water Always wash with a full load Wash the filter often Line dry when possible Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity 118 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 LIGHTING Use natural light when possible Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually Maintain lights and lamps clean Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful to remind others to do the same Do not use decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building Use led when possible Report and fix maintenance problems immediately HEATING AND COOLING During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 21 C Review and maintain pumps and equipment Maintain filters clean Purchase Energy Star equipment KITCHEN Refrigerator
41. NG EQUIPMENT The following is equipment that should have special consideration and can save energy in a building over time INSULATION In seasons and or regions of extreme climate thermal comfort in homes is not achieved only with equipment cooling or heating air comfort can also significantly rely on elements of thermal insulation in the walls and ceiling our home Insulation of walls floors ceilings pipes and pieces of equipment are essential to reducing energy costs through heating Many types can be used depending on the location and applications available The types include Mineral Rock Sheep Wool Polystyrene slabs Cellulose fibre and Multi Layered foil Upon installation we must consider the space available and select a type which will give the required Thermal Resistivity from the maximum thickness available Techniques of installation can vary depending on whether it is a new build or a retrofit In both cases the installation is always considered to be an investment The payback is reflected in the drastic reduction in the use of heating equipment in a given building As with all installations the workmanship should be to the highest standard coupled with approved and CE certified products to ensure the effectiveness of the insulation The insulation capacity of a window depends on the level of insulation and glass profile It is measured through the U value U Value is the measure of the rate at which heat is lost throug
42. Past successful projects Include past feasibility studies and reporting List challenges and limits to achieving energy efficiency goals J oA I ENERGY POLICY AND BEST PRACTICES State the company s energy policy here This can be copied from the statement used to communicate the company s commitment ANNEX 1 ENERGY TEAM 19 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Here is where all managers and participants will be identified along with position and role they fill POSITION ENERGY BASELINE There are several ways of expressing the energy baseline It can be shown with broad strokes or can be very detailed The auditor or ESCO should have information regarding the baseline established from the audit that he or she can provide One example is presenting the data by fuel type ENERGY FUEL TOTAL ANNUAL TOTAL ANNUAL COST RESOURCE CONSUMPTION Electricity Natural gas Biomass EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 This data can also be presented in percentages in a pie chart and annual cost in a line graph Another way of showing data is by breaking it down by end use types Here is a list of examples of areas of end use However the list does not have to be so detailed End use Units number Number of Characteristics hours week Laptops Desktops with monitor Small printers Multifunction printers Photo copier Ceiling fans Split ai
43. Project Acronym EPLACE Project Title Eco public PLAtform for smart green CityzEn s living labs Call identifier CIP ICT PSP Call 6 Theme 1 ICT for SMART CITIES Objective1 1 Smart Urban digital services for energy efficiency Grant agreement no 325182 Starting date 1 February 2013 Ending date 31 July 2015 EPLACE D3 4 THIRD BEST PRACTICES MANUAL PU Juan Alcover Robles gt 4 OCT Osa ne FT Am l l H EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Lo cic el ll a alc i M Alexis Kerner Georgi 25 09 2013 Third draft Simeonov Dec McCormac Fergal Purcell Alvaro Rojas Gerardo Romero Nikolay Vangelov Alvaro Rojas 26 09 2013 Fourth draft Gerardo Romero Alexis M Kerner 28 03 2014 Sixth Draft Fergal Purcell Nikolay Vangelov 4 04 2014 Revision ENPIs section Alvaro Rojas Alicia Jimenez Alexis M Kerner Alicia Jimenez 9 04 2014 Fergal Purcell Nikolay Vangelov Alvaro Rojas Alicia Jim nez Revision of the different ie June 2014 ss Georgi Simeonov Declan new additions McCormac Gerardo Romero Ge ICoTe July 2014 Implementation of partners comments ee Revision of the document Alicia Jim nez July 2014 snd formatadaptation Juan Alcover Robles 20 04 2015 Seventh Draft Juan Alcover Robles 29 04 2015 Seventh Final Draft E First second version of the AMR nET 7 guide draft different tip 2014 adviser sheets
44. Replace fluorescent T8 tubes with led It s easy to replace T8 fluorescent tube for a T8 LED tube all you need to do is remove the ballast and then plug the new light directly into the main current This can prove to be the most profitable option to change v Depending on the duration of its use you can see paybacks in less of two years v A traditional T8 of 120 cm consumes 36W with the ballast they consume 48 W A similar T8 LED tube of 120 cm consumes only 18W 37 5 less Air conditioning and heating Some general tips v Choose appliances and systems that are energy certified by entities like Energy Star or ECO label v The installation of energy efficient air conditioners can consume up to 60 less than other units v Use shading devices like awnings blinds curtains and plants to keep sunlight out and minimize the accumulation of heat This can be reversed in the winter months v Keep the temperature around 21 C v Dirty filters restrict airflow and can cause the system to run longer increasing energy use Replace filters monthly for maximum benefit Save 1 2 percent v Install windows with good insulation for example the double glazing with reinforced thermal insulation v Keep units in the shade with good air circulation v Make sure everyone is comfortable Ok almost everybody Many times if someone is not comfortable they will look for a solution that is often not energy efficient opening a window pluggin
45. TING The highest energy consumption in all types of buildings is spent in lighting However these percentages can vary greatly Usually a simple office can consume between 30 and 70 of the energy in lighting The use can depend of many factors such as the climate zone type of building construction etc Industries on the other hand can consume about 10 to 30 of their total energy on lighting since machinery can also have a high consumption 92 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 INCANDESCENT BULBS e Out of date Incandescent bulbs refer to the traditional bulbs we have used for years However these bulbs are now obsolete e Replace with LED It is easily demonstrated that a similar bulb with LED technology is the best option They save energy and money and _ emit less heat e Prohibited Incandescent bulbs are currently prohibited be sold to consumers COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBS e Mercury content These lights are a second runner up to the LED bulb but are not the best option since they contain mercury Mercury is both hazardous to the environment and human health e Get with the programme Ten years ago these were the best technology but now in comparison with LED technology is obsolete DOWNLIGHTS These lights and light tubes are the most typical for illuminating in buildings downlights have three different types of technologies Low consumption bulbs halide metal and LED e Duratio
46. TION The building is a four storey building basement two floors and an attic The ground floor houses are the Department of Citizen Services and Economic Department The Municipal Police is situated inside with independent access from the street The second floor houses are located the political bodies Hall Secretariat Council Chamber Committee 152 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Building characteristics Building consumption Behaviours and practices prior to project Behaviours that will have been be changed D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual on Government Legal Services and Public Relations room In the basement is located the area of Planning Construction and Services And in the Attic the IT Department The Staff is about 14 persons and the number of users is about 6 000 people year Number of buildings number 1 Completed 2006 Total Floor area m7 1666 50 m2 Total number of users number Capacity 45 workers and 5 000 users year Electricity demand kWh m7 y There are 3 counters Power 1 9 13 Kw Power 2 5 5 Kw Power3 195 Kw A building like this has several kind of rooms offices assembly Hall etc with a great light and climatization consumption The most part of energy consumed is electrical The summer season in this region is quite warm 25 40 and need a great amount of energy to be climatize This building includes several departments that are located in differ
47. ace for their efficient functioning i e to have the so called good convection and thus to avoid frequent switch off due to overheating Some tips when using the electric heaters 3 a WW l I i Mi NQNQA YA v Set the heater s thermostat to the desired temperature v Do not block the hot air outlet grilles or the intake grille located on the bottom or on the back of the heater v Unplug the power plug when electric heater is not used for an extended period of time v Never for any reason cover the appliance during operation as this could lead to dangerous overheating v Do not use such appliances in rooms which have an area smaller than 4m2 v Follow safety instructions for the devise Natural gas heater The best models of that appliance are fully automated and have efficiency more than 90 Their lifecycle is about 12 years They require an annual technical inspection within that period which must be carried out by a professional technician During their exploitation one must follow strictly the safety rules which are described in a manual by the respective producer The use of natural gas implies high risk of fire 40 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU and explosion each un professional interference in their operation can lead to unwanted consequences As a room is warmed the walls and ceilings are also warmed making one feel a little warmer than when the ceilin
48. ad building manager checks after work to ensure electric devices are switched off usage of shutters and awnings during hot summer days reduce the use of hot water 158 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Energy saving measures Energy and Environmenta Performance Contact information as much as possible try to avoid the use of individual electric heaters during cold winter months as much as possible open windows during winter mornings for 5 minutes in order to aerate interior air Installation of new energy efficient exterior windows 408 m2 This will up led to a reduction U value from 3 25 to 1 80 W m2 K Energy consumption for heating will be reduced by 17 842 kWh 24 Energy savings 17 842 kWh y CO2 savings 34 3 ton y Energy Cost savings 1 625 32 y Success will be monitored by measuring the monthly energy consumption after implementation of measures and comparisons with the consumption before Benchmarks were established and changes will be monitored through constant monitoring of energy consumption Address 80 Bulgaria boul Septemvri City 4490 Bulgaria Person of contact Galina Dishkova Email g dishkova septemvri org Website www septemvri org 159 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 BULGARIA CASE STUDY ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SEPTEMVRI MASSIVE BUILDING SEPTEMVRI CITY PAZARDZHIK DISTRICT
49. ance and output of wind turbines e Studies and installations should be carried out by qualified personnel PHOTOVOLTAIC Photovoltaic panels are widely used internationally and as have proven to be an effective means to generate electrical energy In Ireland the most efficient models are added to the Triple E list where the three Es stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation There are similar accreditation schemes in the UK for the microgeneration certification scheme MCS and for the ECA If you re thinking about getting solar p v you should e Carry outa site assessment to check the solar resource and potential shading e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check that PV modules must comply with the relevant standards and have certified performance test reports e Check operating and maintenance manuals e Photovoltaic panels should be mounted so that they can harness winter and summer sunlight You should consider carefully the economics of energy generated from photovoltaic systems In some cases they are employed to promote an environmentally conscious image Normally the panels are connected in to a building s utility supply at the distribution panel At night all power for the building is taken from the utility mains supply but during daylight hours the Photovoltaics can supply a contribution of
50. ances for electric heating are divided generally into two categories 1 convector type and or 2 appliances with infrared heaters They are equipped with timers and thermostats which allow for maintaining a constant temperature in premises they heat and depending on the variable conditions inside The efficiency of these devices is very high normally reaching and even exceeding 98 NATURAL GAS HEATER Go for gas infrared heaters There are two ways of heating with natural gas through hot water boiler which supplies heat to the heating system of user and through gas heaters which are directly burning natural gas The contemporary solution is the second choice gas infrared heaters with variable design which can provide heat to a wide range of users That efficient and environmental way of heating can be used for households almost all public and commercial buildings as well as some industrial sites Among the advantages of gas infrared heaters are the high efficiency or possibility for an automated process control 91 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 CENTRALISED HVAC ELECTRIC AND NATURAL GAS e Centralised HVAC systems The contemporary systems which use electricity and natural gas are being installed in large public and commercial buildings They are also used in some industrial sectors Their usage in household sector is limited due to their high prices and large number of components The
51. and the highest possible ratio of transformation of solar radiation into heat energy The heating fluid must be antifreeze The process control is automated They require periodical dust cleaning of the panels glass surface Their lifecycle is 15 years and manufacturer s instructions must be strictly followed Tips v Check regularly and if necessary clean the surface of solar panels v Use only antifreeze liquid as an energy transforming agent Y Check regularly the condition of all pipes which connect the panel with other components Biomass Contemporary appliances of that kind are usually using pellets which must meet the European quality standard ENplus A1 They are fully automated and have efficiency over 90 Their routine maintenance requires cleaning of containers by wood ash once in 10 14 days If manufacturer s instructions are strictly followed no specific maintenance is required in addition Their lifecycle is 10 years Tips v Always use pellets with quality which meets the standard ENplus If wood chips or firewood are used they must be dried v The storage of solid biofuel is compulsory i e they need be situated in dry and ventilated premises 50 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v All installation works commissioning test and start up of the biomass systems must be implemented by authorized technical organization or technicians v The unit must be installed in a premise w
52. and the whole life costs of the items mee AN AI i Nani Wi eS vl Some basic tips for purchasing energy efficient FEY nit ye equipment include see 4 7 3 Investigating our options v Look for the Energy Star Label Compare energy labels Get the right size Use natural gas Think long term Consider the product s travel distance Could you have bought it locally Ss SON The appliances are major consumers of energy and water Throughout its lifetime can be up to 10 years or more consume significant amounts of energy and water the costs are much higher than the cost of appliance itself Therefore an intelligent choice can amortize quickly additional costs to purchase a high efficiency appliance Regarding energy efficiency class according to Directive 92 75 EC 7 kinds of energy efficiency identified by a color code and letters ranging from green and the letter A for the most efficient equipment to red and the letter G for the least efficient equipment are defined This is common to all appliances even if there is a label for each family of them Thus the energy performance of such equipment can be Consumption 55 75 Low Consumption 75 90 95 100 Medi ti 100 110 edium consumptiom 110 125 High i 125 igh Consumption 87 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 In this table and only in the case of cold appliances refrigerators freezers and combined there are class
53. aps v Turn off the water while you wash your hands or brushing your teeth v Try to build print jobs or photocopies When printing or photocopying documents do both sides using ink saving features in black and white or eraser function v Try whenever possible walk up and down the stairs to the office instead of using the elevator Lighting Some general tips v Take advantage of natural light when possible v Install light dimmers to control light intensity v Substitute incandescent lights and compact fluorescents for LED lights You can save up to 80 of the energy v Use sensors in areas not always occupied and in hallways and stairways v Take advantage of natural light and use light colours to paint the walls and ceilings v Instruct employees on turning off electronic devices that could otherwise be left on v Keep lamps and screens as well as windows clean to increase lighting v Use LED solar lights for exterior areas v Advise cleaning staff to shut off lights when finished work 3 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU In depth Incandescent halide metal halogen and led v All these technologies should be installed with sensors to minimize as much as possible starting time and reduce costs Compact fluorescent bulb light tube high pressure sodium vapour low pressure sodium vapour and mercury vapour v Sensors are not possible v Minimize their use or change to LED
54. arn more about financial services in your country consult the EPLACE Guide to Financial Services It contains sources on ESCOs and other financial supporting bodies and mechanisms 24 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU However as clearly stated in the SWOT analysis the number one weakness to any energy efficiency programme is one that will cost very little to no capital at all the human component of changing behaviour and attitude According to the document Managing Change A guide on how to manage change in an organisation written by Envirowise amp the Government Office for the South West UK there are four key factors to be considered 1 Pressure for change The pressure for change may originate from new legislation saving money or other causes but the management must be behind it fully supporting and committed to the change 2 A clear shared vision Effective change is change that is consistent at all levels of the organisation All involved must be clear on the objectives and be motivated to meet them Motivation starts with pride happiness responsibility observed success and recognition of efforts 3 Capacity for change The resources and finances must be provided to achieve the change Time must be given to staff and sometimes funding so that change can be implemented Remember that employees are often the ones to have information intuition ideas and instincts neede
55. arry out a financial analysis and feasibility study to determine costs revenues and paybacks Energy producing equipment includes CHP solar p v wind turbines solar thermal and biomass boilers v This equipment is expensive and needs to be properly maintained to ensure maximum efficiency and lifetime i http www certification experts com certification qeneral information 52 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v The maintenance generally needs to be carried out by a specialist contractor v You should check the manual and talk to your supplier and installer to ensure that the required maintenance is carried out v It s probably a good idea to enter a maintenance contract with your supplier or installer Transport and vehicles A man who owned a lorry company began to suspect that one of his drivers was stealing fuel from him He began to compare the two drivers who travelled an identical route One was spending almost a third more of what the other had spent on fuel Before accusing his employee falsely he carried out a careful inspection and he realized there was no double handed driver just poor driving habits an old lorry and differences in vehicle maintenance A simple course on good driving practices and tips on lorry maintenance could save him thousands per year Reading through the tip sheet in Annex 9 can also help to save you money and wear and tear on your vehicle Here is a sh
56. at high speeds since they can create drag and save 5 in mileage v Get rid of extra baggage Extra weight can decrease fuel efficiency depending on the amount carried v Avoid idling Keeping the engine running without moving is especially wasteful in larger vehicles 125 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 v Allow for time to get there Having enough time will allow you to slow down and drive sensibly Drive during off peak hours If you have flexibility plan your trip when the traffic volume is lowest Use the engine s sweet spot the speed at which fuel economy is at its best This is often indicated in the vehicle manual as the optimal engine performance and is expressed in rpm If it is not available or the vehicle is not equipped with a cyclometer attentive drivers can hear and feel when the engine is functioning with least effort Carefully park at the end of the day Park in a way to avoid early morning maneuvering with cold engine this wastes fuel because cold engines consume much more fuel than warm engines Use biodiesel All diesel engines can run on 100 biodiesel though it is typically sold in lower level blends of 2 5 or 20 In theory adding biodiesel is cheaper however can reduce fuel economy power and torque since it has a lower calorific value than petrol based diesel ALTERNATIVES Perhaps the cheapest most relaxing and fastest way is by train Inves
57. be by passed by impatient staff Newer machines tend to have faster start up times More energy is used when the faster a machine copies It pays to have the ability to resize and copy at different print qualities The machine should also have the ability to two sided duplex copy and use low melting point toners FAX MACHINES Consider inkjet fax machines Machines that use laser printing have the highest print resolution but use the most energy Machines that use thermal paper are the least expensive to buy but the paper is expensive has a short shelf life and is difficult to write on Inkjet faxes might prove the best solution as they can print at relatively high resolution on plain paper and use less energy than their laser printing equivalents Use combined machines In smaller offices or where workloads allow it may be appropriate to purchase a combined machine that operates as a printer fax and photocopier Having only one machine switched on will significantly reduce energy consumption and reduce the amount of heat produced This will lead to a more comfortable working environment and it also has added Space advantages When considering such machines consider the average power consumption and standby consumption figures for the whole machine to ensure it will be more efficient for your business needs AIR CONDITIONING AND FANS Some of the important criteria that impact on energy consumption are developed initially from the locatio
58. before delivery Purchase laptops or terminals instead of desktops Laptop Thin Client PC ratio Renew ICT hardware whenever possible Replace CRT type screens with LCD or other energy efficient technologies Inkjet printers in sleep mode use 50 less energy than a laser printer This could save around 10 of your printing costs alone Make sure that it is the default setting Terminals and laptops use 20 of the power of a desktop PC Newer equipment is increasingly more efficient than old Source Guide to ICT Desktop Energy Management Sustainable Energy Authority of lreland 108 i Manual D3 4 Third Best Practices LACE n rE Number 325 t poster le energy management p sample Continuous monitoring of energy use a list of eligible Stics anergy saving and Conditions Measures of the building s Profitability Total investment Cost Payback Period Pre Net annual savings CN Energy Savings Agreements Esco energy Service Provi Verification an 109 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Advice A university professor an environmental lawyer whose specialty was in environmental home inspections once told me you do not get what you deserve but rather what you bargain for have taken that lesson to heart You cannot go into a negotiation blind and think you will come out on top You must do your homework Here is a tip sheet to help you begin N
59. ct Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual PU Being realistic from the beginning can help solve problems before they arise and take advantage of strengths amplifying their success Everyone wants to be appreciated so if you appreciate someone don t keep it secret Mary Kay Ash An example of a SWOT analysis for an energy programme could be the following INTERNAL ORIGIN EXTERNAL ORIGIN HELPFUL to achieving the objective STRENGTH Reduced energy costs Increased economic strength improved company portfolio Healthier environment Improved working environment comfort happy workers Energy security lower dependence on outside energy sources OPPORTUNITIES Increased value of property Lower emissions environmental conservation Possible tax breaks Improved business image Serve as a model for the community Regulation compliance HARMFUL to achieving the objective WEAKNESSES Initial financial investments Waste management of old materials Extra work hours needed to find manufactures and for installation Inconvenience or stop in work Continual effort and commitment Changing worker behaviour THREATS Risk of investments no having the payback desired New better technology Risk of malfunction of technology or repair costs In the long run we hope to save money but we must admit that for some projects money and time is a major player in getting started To le
60. cts a large surface area that can ultimately affect the entire building gt e Z Insulating the perimeter and floor of the basement not only creates a N usable space but also helps further insulate the entire building While you have the installers there who are the bulk of the cost spend the minimal extra money on insulating the entire space TYPES OF INSULATION i e Batts and blankets e Spray foam e Loose fill insulation e Rigid foam e Dense pack insulation Tips Do not compress the insulation it reduces its value Ensure a snug fit Avoid gaps Keep it dry ALN NAN Ask for guidance from a professional to choose the best insulation according to e Climate e Practicality e Availability e Cost 122 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Suitability e Durability e Building science air humidity e Fire resistance e Global warming potential e Sound control e Ozone depletion potential e Recycled content recyclability e Health risks e Embodied energy e Local codes Source The Homeowner s Energy Handbook Paul Scheckel 2013 123 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 A true story A man who owned a lorry company began to suspect that one of his drivers was stealing fuel from him He began to compare the two drivers who travelled an identical route One was spending almost a third more of what the other had spent on fuel Before accusing
61. d expenditure lighting Total number of bulb as Operating Consumption Type Power Estimated consumption for air conditioning kWh Estimated expenditure air conditioning Device Estimated expenditure office automation and others i Performance Operating Consumption Device Power kwh nour ew Estimated consumption Domestic Hot Water kWh Estimated expenditure DHW Device Power kwh Performance Operating 72 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Records of Energy Bills Electricity consumption kWh Average cost per kWh Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total Gas Unit Average cost per unit Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total Fuel specify type and unit Average cost per unit Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total 73 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Water consumption m3 Average cost per m3 lt N EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 4 Survey of energy use 19 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 End use Elevators Laptops Desktops with monitor Servers Small printers Multifunction printers Plotters Fax Scanner Photo copier Ceiling fans Split air conditioner Electric heater Natural gas heater
62. d third years we will see spectacular results 21 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Think of how long that item had to travel We got a great deal on some led lights but we failed to look where they were made They travelled the seven seas then by across Siberia by rail by truck and then in our own cars to make it to our office Meanwhile if we had looked a bit further we would have found the same priced led from a factory in our own country that would have needed one third of the energy to be transported e Could you buy it locally or nationally We have heard the phrase over and over Act locally think globally Buying local stimulates our country s market for energy efficient products feeds our economy and reduces energy in transporting products A list of national Energy Efficiency Resources can be found in the annexes of the EPLACE deliverable D3 5 Guide to Energy and RES Services In addition we have provided a Tip sheet for buyers of energy efficient technology This document provides specific information on what to look for when buying appliances or other products Annex 6 e Choosing an installer A university professor an environmental lawyer whose specialty was in environmental home inspections once told me you do not get what you deserve but rather what you bargain for have taken that lesson to heart You cannot go into a negotiation blind and think you will com
63. d to make improvements that can save costs and increase efficiency 4 Action There must be a plan to be implemented and employees must be informed on its aims and progress Most importantly workers must be reassured that the change is a good one Find what motivates people Perhaps it is money or the idea that the Savings goes to a foundation organisation or building improvement Define phases of building upgrades After completing the SWOT analysis and change behaviours is addressed building upgrades can be planned The Energy Star Building Upgrade Manual establishes the following stages of the integrated upgrade approach 25 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 1 Retro commissioning First and foremost we must determine the problems in the overall building Retro commissioning aims to improve the way the equipment and the systems of a building function Retro commissioning seeks to solve problems in the original Structure or issues that have arisen over time to enhance overall building performance Retro commissioning is commonly performed by professionals like ESCOs The EPLACE services IESA WeSave WeLight WeTalk will also help establish the improvements 2 Lighting Lighting often consumes close to 35 of the electricity in buildings and can be a good place to start Lighting that can produce or reduce heat can also affect other systems in the building like heating and air conditionin
64. ding many ideas on how and where change can be made When workers feel like they are part of the solution they are more likely to take pride in participating making a programme a sustainable long lasting one This employee Satisfaction can also be transmitted to an improved working environment where voices count proving to be positive on many levels A happy employee is a productive employee Compiling baseline information regarding employees will also help determine the types of training and awareness programmes that will be necessary to improve the situation ISO 50001 section 4 52 A baseline is a quantitative reference that provides a basis for comparison of energy performance ISO 50001 The WeSave device and EPLACE platform will provide information to staff and management to allow compile a baseline reference for energy use and to identify Savings opportunities Staff can get engaged in energy efficiency through monitoring usage suggesting energy saving projects and monitoring the savings using the EPLACE platform The way you see people is the way you treat them and the way you treat them is what they become Johann Wolfgang von Goethe For example different areas within a building could take part in an out of hours usage reduction competition and share experiences using the WeTalk platform Apart from getting worker opinion we need to decide who is going to carry out some of the basic tasks of putting the programm
65. e EPLACE pilot sites include an Ireland Dublin Tallaght Library FINGLAS leisure Center Bulgaria Septemvri Administrative building of the Municipality of Septemvri Medical Centre Spain Cartaya City Council Cultural Centre of the Town Guadalinfo Telecentre See Annex 9 for details 31 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 Best practices Half of the energy consumed in the services sector comes from office buildings accounting for 40 of energy consumption worldwide Energy consumption in an office is divided mainly between lighting equipment and other electric appliances followed by air conditioning systems and to a lesser extent the production of hot water AVERAGE CONSUMPTION IN AN OFFICE H Illumination and equipment E Heating E Cooling E DHW The widespread use of air conditioning systems lighting or the growing number of office equipment computers printers copiers scanners faxes etc contribute significantly to increasing energy consumption workplaces buildings In turn factors such as the level of energy efficiency of equipment consumer habits of users or the specific structural characteristics of the building increase consumption 5 1 Energy saving potentials Factors influencing energy consumption of an office building v Human being v Behaviour and customs Changing our habits of using energy more efficiently One of the more i
66. e Maintain the back of the refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freezer before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C 119 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly Cooking e Use microwave when possible e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated washer Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40 C e Use gas to heat the water when possible a 120 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Tip sheet for Building envelop and technical features Upgrades can save up to 90 on heating so take note on this tip sheet Take a top down approach to look at your building s envelope ATTIC I
67. e and energy managers it ht EE EEn EEn En Train and inform building users and workers on best practices and how to report problems Locate posters and stickers throughout the building as reminders Install power strips where possible so that equipment can be turned off all at once Make sure computers and other equipment switch to standby after a period of nonuse On hot days designate someone to open windows early in the morning to cool the building down before putting on the air When the heat or air is a designated staff member should perform walk through to ensure windows and doors are closed Install blinds that maximize light and minimize heat Keep windows clean for maximum light Have a designated staff member turn off lights at the end of the day Change bulbs to LED Do a weekly check on all equipment to make sure it is properly working and have a plan to fix the equipment immediately if it is not Respond to worker notification quickly if something is not working properly Use Energy Star equipment or equipment that has had an high efficiency energy rating Make sure equipment is maintained according the manufacturer Use only original spare parts when it is necessary to change or replace the damage equipment Keep constant reports and statements of faulty equipment Reflected in the report the type of defect causes and timing of replacement equipment Source U S Department of Energy 134 EPLACE D3 4 Thi
68. e availability of energy usage data is key for the establishment of useful and accurate EnPls and the usage data collected from the measurement components of the EPLACE solution WeSave and WeLight will allow the identification and refinement of Energy Performance Indicators However the most important indicators used to define and compare buildings in the EPLACE project are the following EnPls Overall specific energy use kWh m year Electricity use excluding electricity for heating kWh m72 yr Energy use for heating kWh m yr Energy use for heating kWh m HDD Overall specific energy use kWh m week or month this will allow ongoing monitoring of performance but will require adjustment for independent variables such as weather heating degree days Electricity use for lighting kWh m year week day Energy use for cooling kWh m CDD Electricity use for engineering services kWh m year week day Heat and cooling degree days should be considered in these calculations A degree day is a unit used to relate the day s temperature to the energy demands of air conditioning or heating Define strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats What are the benefits and roadblocks to achieving project goals Before you can establish your action plan a SWOT analysis can be very helpful This simple analysis method helps to establish the Strengths and Weakness Opportunities and Threats of any project EPLACE Contra
69. e in place We must create positions like energy managers buyers campaign communicators etc and define tasks and timeframes for actions These energy pioneers also must have the know how to carry out their job So if they are not fully equipped with experience perhaps it is a good idea to get some outside help to train them 15 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v What when and where an assessment of the current situation The inventory of equipment and facilities that consume energy is the starting point of the energy saving Plan in order to know energy consume the organization how much is it and where and how it is used From this information the points are defined on which conduct proceeding as well as the potential savings and improved energy efficiency The methodology for performing this inventory is very simple and consists basically of the following steps v Compilation of all energy bills of the organization including water v Collecting information on energy equipment and installations in the workplace and their consumption and fuel used in each of them v Collecting information on schedules beaviours habits and attitudes of the organization e What and when is it being spent Get out all of the bills paid for energy in the last years and fill out the record provided in the best practice document Annex 3 Not everyone keeps data for more than a year so fill in as much as pos
70. e is cooler than the air inside usually during the early morning and evening hours x Turning the thermostat up or down will cool or heat the space quicker FALSE Furnaces and air conditioners will acclimate a space at the same rate no matter how high you have set the temperature It is best to set your thermostat at the desired temperature from the beginning avoiding losing energy in modifying the temperature in the end x Leaving a computer on is more energy efficient than turning it on and off FALSE It was always thought that turning your computer off and on would create additional wear on the device This advice is yesterday s news Computers nowadays are tougher and switching them off when not in use is now the preferred practice 141 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 9 EPLACE CASE STUDIES Best Practices and Behaviors lreland Spain and Bulgaria 142 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual IRELAND CASE STUDY TALLAGHT LIBRARY SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY CIVIC OFFICES Best practice or behaviour General information Building characteristics DUBLIN 24 The energy audit carried out as part of the EPLACE Project identified preliminary opportunities for energy saving The installation of the WeSave monitoring equipment will assist in further identifying energy saving opportunities through improved user behaviour B
71. e out on top You must do your homework Here is a tip sheet to help you begin New more efficient and renewable energy systems can save us money in the long run however their installation can often be costly Also if it is not installed correctly the equipment will not be as effective or could have a shorter life So don t go with the cheapest installer go with the best It is worth the investment The tip sheet in Annex 7 will help you make the right decision Determine the energy performance indicators According to the ISO 50001 Energy Performance Indicators EnPls can be a simple parameter a simple ratio or a complex model Examples of EnPls can include energy consumption per time energy consumption per unit of production and multi variable models The organization can choose EnPls that inform the energy 22 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU performance of their building and can update the EnPls when business activities or baselines change that affect the relevance of the EnPI as applicable Energy Performance Indicators EnPls for the EPLACE project were identified as part of the survey and data collection for the Pilot Buildings Energy Assessment report D2 4 Indicators may be on an annual basis or may vary over time eg kWh month defined for each month of the year Similarly EnPls may relate to total energy consumption or energy consumption for a particular end use such as lighting Th
72. ear Employee We are proud to announce our new efforts to save energy In the next months to come you will notice that we are trying to make some beneficial changes Since each one of you holds an important piece to this puzzle we turn to you to offer insight and guidance on the current situation and to give your input on how we can all improve By bettering our energy use we hope to increase the comfort level in the work place have a reduced impact on the environment and global warming and reduce company spending to create an even stronger company Thank you for taking the time to fill out this short questionnaire 1 How would you define the overall attitude in the work place Very positive and active Positive and aware Somewhat aware Neutral O O Indifferent 2 Are you motivated to save energy in the workplace Yes most definitely Yes somewhat If the company wants it _ I ll do it It is not something that _ gets my engine revving Indifferent 60 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 3 Would you say our energy use has an environmental impact Yes most definitely Yes somewhat We have a neutral impact Not to the extent some think Indifferent 4 Would you say our energy use has an impact on company spending Yes most definitely Yes somewhat E We have a neutral impact Not to the extent some think Indif
73. ed Through constant monitoring of energy consumption Address 37A Aleksandar Stamboliyski boul Septemvri City 4490 Bulgaria Person of contact Stefka Popova Deputy Mayor Email web s popova septemvri org www septemvri org 162 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 10 Ata glance 163 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Featured saving measures and energy efficiency in buildings Summary tab Improvements insulation of walls floors and building facade Improvements in the structure High High mprovements in glazed building High High Reduction of air leakage through doors and windows Using sun protection Reduction of internal loads Effective maintenance and control of indoor ventilation Improvements in enclosures Low High Medium Low Medium Medium High High Reduction of termal gains Ventilation control Medium Low Using efficient equipment Appropiate control systems Using efficient equipment High High Air conditioning Low Low Low Low Medium High Medium Medium Low Medium Proper temperatura regulation Using free cooling Heat recovery ventilation air Review of insulation air ducts System performance improvement Proper maintenance of the air conditioning system Installing DHW efficiency systems Review of insulation installation Maintenance Low lies TE O O Medium Ow Energy
74. emises v Atleast once in a month you should inspect the condition of gas connections to the unit v The unit must be installed away from heating appliances v When installing the unit take into account it should not be exposed to direct sunlight v t should be installed in premises with natural or mechanical ventilation Electric The good electric appliances for hot water preparation have efficiency over 98 They have fully automated process control cathode protection against lime scale and a very good heat insulation which allows for storage of hot water up to 48 hours without additional energy consumption A device which has to protect user against electric shock is installed compulsory Their lifecycle is at least 15 years and they do not require maintenance 49 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU within that period Tips v Install RCD fault current protection device on the power lines v Check regularly the condition of the protection against excessive high pressure of water inside the unit v Check regularly the condition of all electrical connections v Check regularly the condition of connections between the unit and the water mains v Unplug the power plug when appliance is not used for an extended period of time Solar The contemporary solar panels for hot water preparation are vacuum tube with glass resistant surface layer This technology ensures very low heat losses
75. ent parts of the building Some of them are accessible to the public and others are used for internal services There are different needs for each kind of users but there are only some practices implanted in the building e Switch off computers and machines not in use e Switch off lights in vacated areas The Standby campaign had no a great effect in the total building energy consumption but is a plus to save energy The main technician responsible explains that people in the Town Hall usually switch off the computers at the end of the day Some recommended actions have been made as not to 153 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Contact information D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual use personal cooling systems ventilators or personal heaters in winter Some other behaviours to change are related to the outdoor light use and the use of curtains awnings and blinds to avoid the affects of the excessive of the region On the contrary during mild winters in Cartaya it is recommended that natural light be used in the building This will increase savings and lower energy consumption The use of natural light can also help to increase the inside temperature of the building Other behaviours related with healthy recommendations include not using the lift and use the stairs instead It is also recommended to not use hot water over 40 degrees don t drink cold water use paper towels instead of air machines etc Gera
76. equipment v System performance v Existence of awnings and shading devices Insulation Types of windows single glazed double v Existence of slits v Wall thickness v Material and wall insulation v Points of heat loss v Annual operating hours Office equipment elevators and appliances v Number and type of equipment computers printers copiers elevators water pumps refrigerators microwaves etc v Power kW v Age and hours of use v Frequency maintenance v What equipment is turned off at night Domestic hot water DHW v Number of taps and showers v Daily use of hot water v Water pumps 18 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v How Investigating our options and challenges Best procurement policies Please see Annex 6 for more details Good procurement does not just help the company save energy and money but it also reduces environmental impacts and stimulates social improvements like fair trade and creates incentives for the continual growth of the market for energy efficient products 4 j e To support the initiative the European Commission 4 established the Green Public Procurement GPP is a y ay process whereby public authorities seek to procure i a goods services and works with a reduced environmental impact throughout their life cycle when compared to goods services and works with the same primary Their http ec europa eu envir
77. er and waste disposal costs Fax machines v Because fax machines will be in standby mode for most of the day it is a good idea to choose a machine with the lowest standby energy use Some machines have a buffer which allows them to store messages and print them all at the same time which will increase the time that the machine is in standby v Operating options Choose a machine with a toner or ink saving option often called draft mode Ensure machines can scan double sided pages v Emails are cheaper and save more energy than sending a fax If a fax is really necessary then consider sending it electronically There are many software options enabling faxes to be written and sent via a PC Ask your IT department look on the internet or consult your PC user manual for more information Vv If faxes are rarely received outside office hours and your machine has a buffer it may be possible to switch it off out of hours If in doubt check with the equipment supplier or manufacturer v If there is more than one fax machine in the office you can leave only one switched on and divert all calls to that machine especially when the office is closed EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 2 Visual LCD CRT Plasma and led screens v Don t use the remote to turn off the TV Sometimes we think we are off saving the remote but as we have studied we could save much more if we turn off directly from
78. es A A and A expressing even lower consumption relative as shown in the following scheme It should be noted that efficiency classes are only comparable within the same appliance category and between teams of the same type that also perform the same or similar functions Each letter in lower scale from A represents a increase in energy consumption of about 12 more than the letter that foregoing Thus we can say that a washing machine Class A consumes up to 110 E 38 less than one of equal benefits and class C and up to 58 less than a Class D OFFICE EQUIPMENT 59 75 B gt 75 90 i JU Office equipment and small power machines PCs monitors fax machines photocopiers printers fans kettles coffee makers vending machines etc typically accounts for around 15 of total office energy consumption Office equipment also generates heat which must be removed in hot weather often by expensive air conditioning or cooling COMPUTERS AND MONITORS e Consider upgrading existing equipment Most computers can simply be upgraded with newer more energy efficient components Look into this before purchasing new equipment e Explore modern alternatives Upgrade to flat screen LCD monitors to reduce monitor energy use by over two thirds old monitors use up to 85W These screens emit less radiation than standard monitors and there are also obvious space advantages e Consider using
79. est practice in staff energy management and awareness will be incorporated into training provided to the building manager and staff as part of the EPLACE project SITE INFORMATION Finglas Leisure Centre comprises a 25m swimming pool a fully equipped gymnasium a large aerobics studio a Steam room and Sauna a large changing village and 6 outdoor floodlit pitches The leisure centre is open to the public seven days a week for a total of c 100 hours per week The leisure centre was built in xxx The building is a two storey lightweight steel framed structure with metal decking roof and side walls with a total floor area of 2880 m2 The building was designed with energy efficiency in mind and includes high levels of insulation with an average u value of 0 46 heat recovery ventilation and a combined heat and power plant In addition to standard glazing daylighting has been maximised by the addition of roof lights in the pool hall gym reception and changing village These roof lights 143 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Oo provide a good glare free source of natural lighting Swimming pool buildings are highly serviced building with potentially high energy consumption due to constant thermal and electrical loads throughout the year There are significant energy demands for pool heating and heating and ventilation of the air space above the pool to maintain comfort and prevent condensa
80. ew more efficient and renewable energy systems can save us money in the long run however their installation can often be costly Also if it is not installed correctly the equipment will not be as effective or could have a shorter life So don t go with the cheapest installer go with the best It is worth the investment Here are some tips of how to choose an installer Your being an informed customer will help create and push for a better market of good installers who take pride in their work You are not obligated to sign on the same day even if the installer insists you will lose an important discount These are high pressure selling techniques that should spring an alarm that perhaps this installer is not the most reliable Getting started 1 Find installers close by Websites for your country Ireland www seai ie http www seai ie Renewables Renewable_Installers_Register https hes seai ie GrantProcess ContractorSearch aspx Spain www agenciaandaluzadelaenergia es empresas subvenciones empresas autorizadas Bulgaria www nisbg org about en aspx 110 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Training courses for installers of small scale renewable energy systems in buildings http www resinstaller eu bg http www spge bg com index2 php lang en amp mainB 3 amp subB 1 amp file en projects Instalers Engl oh 2 Compile a list 3 Get at least three estimates However remember that jus
81. f there is no access to the attic you may need to use infrared or remove material to see the installation If you have access to your attic grab some gloves old clothes respirator and a flashlight and check out the following points Points Notes Condition of insulation Depth consistency of the insulation Animal damage Trampled matted down Water damage Bare spots on ceilings or framing material Ventilation systems should lead outside not into the attic 121 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 WALLS How thick are the walls The thickness of a wall determines its capacity to insulate the building Measure the thickness of a doorway or window or drill a small whole and poke a wooden not metal bbq skewer into the whole and mark it when it hits the other side Figure out what and if any type of insulation is being used in the wall Perhaps you need to replace it or add insulation that was never there in the first place The type of insulation will depend on the type of climate your building must withstand As in the attic the condition the depth water damage and bare spots in the insulation should be accessed This may be very difficult since the wall is a closed area and could be best done by a professional BASEMENT There is a debate to whether insulate the walls or the ceiling of the space Only insulating the ceiling may be slightly cheaper in the beginning but it negle
82. ferent Do you think the company could do more to save energy Yes A lot more Yes There are some things we can change I think we are doing fine _ don t see my opinion as _ important Indifferent 61 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 Do you practice energy saving methods when at work For example Do you turn off the lights upon leaving if you are the last one in the office Do you turn off the lights in the bathroom upon leaving Do you turn off your computer and the screen at lunchtime and at the end of the day If you have a space heater do you only use it when necessary Do you opt for opening a window instead of using air conditioning In the break room do you unplug microwave when finished using it Yes As much as I can Yes When I remember _ On an occasion No It s not my priority No Honestly it just _ doesn t occur to me 6 Will you use these energy saving methods at home Yes As much as I can Yes When I remember On an occasion _ No It s not my priority _ No Honestly it just _ doesn t occur to me 7 Are you interested in getting involved in the company s energy savings programme I d take an active roll 62 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 I d help out if I can L Ill do what is asked but cannot do much else have enough to do _ thank you Indiffe
83. g Since it is an important building block it should be considered at the beginning of any project 3 Supplemental load reductions Supplemental loads are those loads produced secondary to the real need for energy consumption The sources for Ja supplemental loads are people computers GE 8 lights and the building itself For example a uU E person who leaves their computer running A re O when not in use These loads can affect other systems like heating cooling and electric loads These loads can be reduced by reducing energy use by office equipment upgrading the building envelope to better manage heat flow and installing a properly sized and energy efficient HVAC system 4 Distribution systems The distribution system circulates air and water through the building As in all systems the distribution system needs to be tested balanced and cleaned 5 Heating and cooling systems Since over time thermostats and temperature sensors are reset by uncomfortable employees or become a bit out of tune they must be re calibrated The devices also need monitoring maintenance and scheduled tune ups 26 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Choosing an installer See Annex 7 to learn how to choose an installer v Writing a Plan If you don t know where you are going any road will get you there Lewis Carroll Now that you have done some research you can start putting
84. g in a heater 38 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU In depth Ceiling fan The best models of ceiling fans have possibility for variable soeed control and low noise level They do not require technical maintenance through the whole lifecycle v Counter clockwise Ceiling fans work best by blowing air downward counter clockwise blade rotation in warm weather to cool the room with a direct breeze Clockwise is winter wise In winter having the fan draw air upward clockwise blade rotation will distribute the warmer air trapped at the ceiling around the room without causing a draft Clean the fan For cleaning finishes use a soft brush or lint free cloth to prevent scratching A vacuum cleaner brush nozzle can remove heavier dust Their lifecycle is between 7 and 10 years depending on the usage time Desk fan Best models have possibility for variable speed control and turn left right The level of noise is low v Unplug from the wall socket when left unused for a long time v Place your desk fan away from heat sources such as radiators gas electric fires and direct sunlight v Their lifecycle is 10 years at intensive use Split unit Y Do not cool excessive indoors This may be harmful for your health and may consume more electricity The recommended 240C is suitable for human body v Block sunlight with blinds or curtains while you are operating the air conditioner v Keep doors o
85. ght to cancel the contract with no penalty REFERENCES Ask for references and check them He D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual 113 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Recreation Centre Tip Sheet POOLS Reduce your heater or heat pump thermostat settings by 8 10 on days the pool is not being used According to the American Red Cross the most healthful swimming temperature is 25 5 C Reducing your heater or heat pump thermostat to maintain a 25 5 or lower temperature will also help conserve energy Reduce pump speed to reduce energy use A slower pump reduces power consumption For good water maintenance circulate water through a filter only once per day Additional cycles tend to waste energy Run your pool s filtration system during off peak hours when electricity demand is lower Keep intake grates clear of debris Clogged drains require the pump to work harder To obtain maximum filtration and energy efficiency clean your filter regularly New variable drive pool pumps slash utility costs Raising the water temperature just 1 can costs an additional 10 30 Use LED or solar powered lighting BATHROOMS Use cold water when possible Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets 114 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Report and fix leaks as soon as possible Unplug devices when not in use Do not set the temperature above 40 C
86. gs and walls were cold even though the room temperature is the same Most of these devices have the so called Economy mode which prevents discomfort from overheating and saves energy Centralised HVAC Electric and natural gas The best systems of that kind are operating with efficiency over 92 and have a lifecycle of more than 10 years Their operation is fully automated Before using them a user must read and strictly follow manufacturer s instructions An annual inspection is highly recommended and it has to be performed by a professional technician Some tips when using these appliances v The space around suction and discharge holes of the system must be free of any hindrances v An inspection of the condition of motor and ventilation bearings must be performed at least once a year v It is highly recommended to install an additional gas controller which has to warn should a gas leakage occur inside the premises v When in cooling mode do not allow difference between set temperature and outer temperature to be larger than 7 degrees Centralised HVAC Electric only The contemporary systems of that kind have three major components a chiller for cooling a thermo pump for heating and a ventilation system with recuperation recovery of energy The overall efficiency is above 90 and the best models can almost fully recuperate energy when ventilating Their lifecycle is over 14 years and operate fully automatically The
87. h a material the heat exchange occurring between outside and inside of the window As it is a measure of heat loss the lower the U Value the better So for example one square meter of a standard double glazed window will transmit about 2 5 watts of energy for each degree difference either side of the window denoted by the unit W m2K whereas a low emissivity window will do better at about 1 8 W m2K Simply put the lower the U Value the greater the effectiveness 102 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 The Building Regulations require that all new buildings achieve minimum standards of energy efficiency Levels of insulation higher than those required in the Building Regulations are in many cases worthwhile since today s buildings can be expected to be occupied for 60 years or more and an energy efficient design can yield considerable savings over its lifetime When insulating you should consider the following and discuss with suppliers and contractors Wall Insulation v What type of wall do have Cavity Solid brick or concrete metal frame timber frame etc This will determine what types of insulation are suitable v What type and what amount of insulation should you install to achieve the most cost effective solution Vv Is there a risk of condensation v How much and what type of insulation is needed v What is the u value before and after Roof Insulation v What type of insulation is be
88. hasing kitchen appliances Buy the right size An appliance that is too big for your needs will only end up wasting energy Look for Energy Star or other energy certification Compare Energy Guide Labels Helps to determine the energy it needs to operate the appliance It also help to carry out a comparison Compare labels for products that have the similar characteristics sized and capacity ect Electricity grid capacity Pay attention to the electricity capacity of your facility based on the approved project design and calculate the new electrical capacity of buying kitchen appliances Fire risk assessment Take into consideration the fire risk of the buying kitchen appliances in function of the condition of your home electricity grid the place of installation and storage and the location of the near combustible objects DISHWASHERS Dishwashers before 1994 can use much more water than the most recent models Changi results ng out older models for newer ones can give good As always Look for Energy Star compare energy labels for like products and buy the size right for your needs Select a dishwasher rated the best in class for energy efficiency spin efficiency and wash performance Choose the right size Establish your actual use before purchasing then match the model to your use Choose a dishwasher with several wash cycle options Having a choice of cycles can save you energy The slightly soiled dishes can sometimes j
89. he national grid for natural gas and electricity not only is this expensive it is also contributing to the shocking effect of global warming Solar thermal for domestic hot water DHW and heating is increasingly popular alternative to replacement of fossil fuels to renewable energy On the other hand solar thermal has ability to drastically reduction of energy cost for the building s owners and green house gas emissions GHG e Choose vacuum tube panels There are various designs of solar panels for hot water preparation Vacuum tube panels ensure high efficiency They have very low heat losses operate well in cloudy weather and they can supply 100 of hot water for a household during summer season while the rest of the year from 40 to 85 The heating liquid is antifreeze which allows for year round use These appliances are normally combined with electric boilers so that hot water preparation can be ensured during cold seasons of the year BIOMASS Wood fuelled heating systems also called biomass systems can utilized wood pellets wood chips wooden logs agriculture waste and they provide heating and hot water in the individual home and large buildings Biomass system can heat many homes via central heating steam or hot water biomass boilers in thermal power plants or CHP plants A boiler burns logs pellets and chips is connected to the central heating system and DHW system can significant reduce the energy costs compared to electricity
90. he right wrench or nail to use With this idea in mind we have created this manual It is a manual that provides the information and fundamental tools necessary to help public entities energy managers and building users analyze the current energy use situation in different types of public buildings to get started on the road to energy Savings and to stay motivated to keep going Since not many people have the time these days to read lengthy texts about watts and volts the manual has been laid out using simple texts practical worksheets templates tip sheets and check lists Together they create a toolbox for energy Savings This tool box is necessary since being informed alone on best practices will not save energy Knowledge of best practices must be accompanied by commitment an assessment of the situation great planning communication and action EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Here is a brief list of what EPLACE toolbox contains e Company Management Statement and Policy example e Employee questionnaires example e Building Information and Historical Energy consumption Tables for data collecting e Self Survey of Energy Use Tables for data collecting e Company Energy Plan Template e Tip sheet for Buyers of Energy Efficient Technology also see Our more extensive Energy and RES Services Guide e Tip sheet for Best Operating Practices e Energy management tools e Tools
91. his employee falsely he carried out a careful inspection and he realised there was no double handed driver just poor driving habits an old lorry and differences in vehicle maintenance A simple course on good driving practices and tips on lorry maintenance could save him thousands per year Here are some ways to keep your fuel use down and save on costs CHOOSE YOUR VEHICLE v Do not select a vehicle that is larger than you really need S Get a vehicle with cruise control Maintained and controlled speed can save fuel Look for a vehicle with the overdrive option Compare fuel economy between different vehicles Consider an electric or hybrid vehicle SSS NAN If you are 1 or 2 people and do not have baggage consider a motor cycle or scooter MAINTENANCE Keeping your engine properly tuned can improve fuel efficiency by 4 Fixing a faulty oxygen sensor can improve efficiency up to 40 Maintaining your tyres inflated to the recommended pressure can save 3 3 A tyre can decrease its efficiency by 0 3 for each psi it is under inflated Properly inflated tyres are also safer and last longer Look for the ideal tyre pressure on the sticker in the door jamb located on the driver s side and do not use the one printed on the tyre 124 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 The use of the recommended motor oil can improve gas mileage by 1 2 Check with the manufacturer s manual to know which
92. iciency can often be a solution to financial weakness Keep in mind that 30 of the total energy spent at many of our desks is lost as a result of misguided practices Therefore the first step and the most economic solutions are ao found in changing behaviour and not equipment However it may be easier to change a light bulb than the practices of someone who is not on board but management can make it happen with commitment the right knowledge planning patience and a positive attitude On a small budget simple changes in light bulbs and power strips can offer a large Savings over time For example a LED bulb uses one fourth of the energy an incandescent bulb uses and needs to be replaced much less As prices decrease on LED bulbs the need to change luminaries becomes more and more evident EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Thanks to Energy Service Companies ESCO s and other financing bodies can confront even larger retrofitting projects like changing pumps heating systems installing solar panels and appliances that can have a high initial investment but can offer many benefits economical environmental and health These changes should have a proper cost analysis prior to purchase but can be very cost effective over time ESCO s can help in determining the payback period and best options EPLACE services will also help measure where the most effective changes can be made see sec
93. ine data on energy and environmental performance Environmental will be established after the installation of the WeSave Performance 144 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 From the energy audits and the WeSave information there have been a number of lessons learned so far The work day in the library starts at 8 30 am but the spike in energy used commences long before this One of the reasons may be the cleaners activating all lighting sensors when entering the building The base load at weekends is higher than the weekdays this is also unusual The environment in the library is poorly designed with very high temperatures in the summer time and very low temperatures in the winter This leads to the need for additional heating and cooling that draw allot of energy Some lighting areas are not needed and may be switch off All the sensors for lighting are on the one circuit so if the lux reading is low in one area it trips the lights for the entire library whether other areas have sufficient light or not 5 Large banks of computers are being left fully on all day in classrooms when there is no class The workers only have limited control over light heat and Lessons learned cooling so behavioral campaigns will need to be tailored to this We had designed a ready to go behavioral campaign and have already implemented some of the actions but having talked to the staff on the ground it beca
94. ined by continuously checking use and improved performance improves staff motivation and leads to further and deeper energy Savings ACT Adjust it change it and do it Come on and own your plan to make it suite to your needs So modify mould it into what you need and A implement the plan with your tailored changes P ANE LA J SNA EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Using the results from the checking process detailed in the previous section modify the plan and establish new goals Once these are determined revise the written plan and add the modifications Please communicate these changes to employees and all individuals and groups involved Unless you are in the Caribbean it is no fun for anyone on a bus en route to an unknown destination Now ACT Implement the new plan Remember to periodically revise the plan again to make sure technology has not improved or become outdated or remediate small problems that may arise over time In the case of EPLACE we recommend that every 6 months this cycle is completed You may have to fight a battle more than once to win it Margaret Thatcher 30 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 What are the others doing Best practices summaries from EPLACE pilot sites have been included in Annex 9 In this manual the 1 of three you can see the progress being made and the lessons being learned Thes
95. involved in the company s energy savings programme I d take an active roll I d help out if I can E III do what is asked but cannot do much else have enough to do _ thank you Indifferent 68 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The opinions of the employees are an important to ensure the programme advances Please tell us your opinion on the current energy programme and what we can do to improve Thank you for your time to care about our company 69 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 3 Building Information and Historical Energy Consumption EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Building Information and Historical Energy Consumption Name of building Type of premises Address Gross Floor Area of Building in m Year built Approximate number of occupants Hours of operation Monday Friday Saturday Sunday Annual total of hours 71 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Energy consumption by source Total Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated consumption consumption consumption consumption consumption consumption consumption as bills illumination heating cooling DHW and office others devices kWh kWh kWh kWh y pumping automation kWh water kWh kWh Estimated consumption for lighting kWh Estimate
96. ir handling unit for the library and general office equipment Building The energy supply to the building is from the entire South consumption Dublin Co Co campus and is not separately metered There is therefore no historic energy use data The WeSave will provide baseline data when installed From temporary measurement it is estimated that there is an annual electricity use of over 200 MWh and a nigh time baseload of 10 kW Lighting within the building is a significant energy user and Behaviours and js controlled by PIR occupancy sensors throughout practices prior to project It is suspected that there is scope to improve staff practices which will be determined and confirmed by the WeSave From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include optimising the lighting control and switching off equipment when not Behaviours that in use or out of hours From the temporary measurement we expect that the WeSave will identify a large out of hours use that can be targeted through improved behaviour This will be changed may for example include powering down public access PCs at closing time switching off staff PCs switching off office equipment and restricting the use of electric heaters Energy and Baseline data on energy and environmental performance 147 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual
97. is broken so the building now is by default saving money The users have changed some behaviours in this way and will be recommend not to use personal cooling systems and instead use fans Some other behaviours to change will be related with the outdoor light use as well as the use of curtains awnings and blinds to reduce external heat from affecting the internal temperatures During the mild winters of Cartaya natural light is recommended to light the building This will increase energy savings and decrease energy consumption by taking advantage of the sun s heat Other behaviours related with healthy recommendations include the minimization of using the lift and promote using the Stairs It is also recommended no to use hot water over 40 degrees not to drink cold water use paper towels instead of air machines etc Baseline data on energy and environmental performance will be established after the installation of the WeSave Gerardo Romero Leon AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es 151 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Best practice or behaviour General information D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual SPAIN CASE STUDY CITY TOWNHALL CARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guidelines of good practices but there are some that have been implemented v Turning off lights in unused areas v Reduce the conditioned air consume SITE INFORMA
98. ith air circulation a normal combustion process requires air supply v Check the chimney draft Some of the biomass boilers are not equipped by the exhausted fan v Take notes of the fuel consumption when maintaining the desired temperature of water Te excessive fuel consumption means abnormal combustion process In that case you could contact an authorized technician v Regularly clean the containers from residual ash v The biomass boilers have to be serviced by professionals or installers Annual maintenance of the equipment is recommended Elevators Most elevators consumption occurs during startups Through its optimal use you can achieve significant energy savings Practices to save energy v Using efficient technologies and regular maintenance of facilities The elevator last generation can consume up to 40 less generating less noise The lighting of the cabins must be appropriate and not too bright and may install motion detectors since that 24h light stays on v Rational use the elevator To climb to the second floor is recommended to use the stairs while lowering until the fifth floor is an affordable practice If you have multiple elevators with more than one button call you only have to press one for avoid performing unnecessary travel elevators Maintenance of installations Proper maintenance of the facilities is critical to achieve energy savings Below are samples good practices v Review boilers regu
99. l provide a breakdown of electricity use and allow specific uses to be identified and monitored Then the most important equipment and facilities whose presence is common in virtually any office building are shown having a direct impact on energy consumption as well as the main features that should be paid attention at the time of elaborating the inventory Information that will be very useful to fill tabs energy consumption by source of consumption annex 3 Illumination The inventory of the lighting system will be made for stays as each enclosure can have a system and different lighting needs v Types of bulbs v Power W v Auxiliary equipment and type of ballast fluorescent v Luminaires types dimensions maintenance v Hours of operation v State and cleaning v Presence saving systems Presence detectors Natural light detectors Temporary switches Others v Operation of lighting manual automatic areas etc 17 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Heating v Heat generation boiler heat pump heat resistance v Nominal and useful power kW v Performance estimated by the manufacturer or calculated v Distribution systems heat radiators or underfloor heating v Existence of control systems the temperature of the heating thermostatic valves v Age and annual operating hours v Frequency of maintenance Air conditioning v Air conditioning system central autonomous
100. laptops They have been developed to be as energy efficient as possible because of their usage patterns Using laptops and docking ports can maintain familiar desktop arrangements of mouse keyboard and monitor combinations and increase workspace flexibility 88 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Match the computer to the task Bear in mind current and predicted business requirements and purchase equipment that meets these High spec PCs with large screens and fast processors use more energy Remember different staff roles will have different requirements so specify accordingly Take running costs into account Always compare equipment running and Standby costs and insist that products have an energy label PRINTERS Energy consumed by printers varies widely but in general the faster the print speed and the higher the print quality the greater energy consumption Purchase for your requirements As laser printers are often the highest energy users both in active and standby modes consider a high specification inkjet printer Although they are slower inkjet printers use less energy in Standby and print modes and the print quality is usually just as good Some businesses use lower specification printers like inkjets for internal documents Those labeled low energy printers on the network can encourage staff to select these for day to day use This could be made company policy or set as the default
101. larly v Review systems for domestic hot water regulary Y To monitor water leaks and repair them immediately v Clean the windows regulary 51 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Vv Search the building for problems of isolation v Clean lamps and luminaries v Maintain proper air conditioning appliances Renewable energy production Energy production technologies can provide a cheaper and more sustainable source of energy than conventional fossil fuelled sources They tend to involve a significant expenditure so buyers should carefully research their energy needs and suitable technologies before investing Technologies include small scale wind solar p v solar thermal biomass boilers and CHP When considering investing in any of these technologies you should consider the following v Carry out a site assessment to check the energy demands and the resource and suitability for a technology What s the wind resource Is there a suitable unshaded area for solar Is the heat demand suitable for CHP or biomass boilers v Check that all items of the equipment system considered are CE marked v Check that equipment complies with the relevant standards and have certified performance test reports v Where relevant check for independent accreditation and certification systems These include for example solar keymark TripleE in Ireland MCS or ECA in the UK v Check operating and maintenance manuals v C
102. me apparent they have very limited control over the operation of the building Suggestions for It was therefore decided to alter the behavioral campaign to success be more informative and concentrated on their comfort levels and how this can be affected We will also introduce them to WeSave and how to read the data so they can continue to monitor the energy after the life of the project Information days will take place in the next few months that will educate the staff as to why and how we need to save energy Declan McCormac CODEMA Temple Bar Dublin 2 353 1 7079818 dec mccormac codema ie Contact information F d d 145 T TT NNI W mnt T T EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 IRELAND CASE STUDY TALLAGHT LIBRARY SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY CIVIC OFFICES DUBLIN 24 The energy audit carried out as part of the EPLACE Project identified preliminary opportunities for energy saving The installation of the WeSave Best practice or behaviour monitoring equipment will assist in further identifying energy saving opportunities through improved user behaviour Best practice in staff energy management and awareness will be incorporated into training provided to the building manager and staff as part of the EPLACE project SITE INFORMATION The County Library Tallaght which reopened in April 2008 following a majo
103. mportant task of any energy management plan is to sensitize and train people in order to change their habits and prevent misuse of energy v Degree of occupancy EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The influx of people occupying a building and the number of hours use of it is a direct influence on energy demand v Building v Condition of the building Door status degree of thermal insulation windows shutters insulation protection etc v Use of natural lighting v Regulation and control of energy facilities in the building v Existence and location of energy control devices switches thermostats programming etc v Workspace and natural ventilation v Energy sources v Electricity v The use of electric heating systems is an increase in energy consumption v Fossil fuels v The choice of natural gas over other non renewable sources representing a reduction of energy consumption v Renewable energy v Solar thermal energy and biomass are an excellent choice to meet the demands of heating and hot water v Technology and equipment installed v The efficiency the use and the number of installed equipment in the building directly affect power consumption v Uncontrollable external factors v Weather conditions among others influence the energy demand of the building 33 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 2 Best practices Selected reducti
104. ms are now available on the market at affordable prices Two examples include gas filled double glazing and low emissivity glazing 48 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU In gas filled double glazing the cavity between the two panes of glass is filled with an inert gas usually argon which conducts less heat than air therefore improving the window s energy efficiency Replacing windows is generally expensive and is usually only worth it if the windows are draughty and single glazed You should ensure that new windows have as low a u value as your budget allows good quality double glazing will give a u value of 1 1 5 The window should be certified to a relevant test standard or should have an energy label e g http www bfrc org Domestic hot water Gas The best gas boilers for hot water have efficiency over 90 Their lifecycle is about 10 years They have fully automated control and two independent security elements against gas leakage Regardless of that there must be a gas sensor installed so that in case of gas leakage it will automatically stop the feeding of fuel to the burner and performs an audio alert Maintenance of such appliances is very low but it is highly recommended to perform one technical inspection yearly In some EU member States the annual technical inspection is compulsory Tips v A gas controller must be compulsory installed in order to watch for gas leakage inside pr
105. ms with a great light and climatization consumption The most part of energy consumed is electrical The summer season in this region is quite warm 25 40 and need a great amount of energy to be climatize The actual consumption is about 166 518Kw The particular nature of the building makes it difficult to provide solutions to modify the user s behaviours However all the efforts will be focused to define a better policy strategy for this building Special events like theatre carnivals and cultural activities have high demands on energy consumption They are designed for volumes of people and must use all lights and 150 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Behaviours that will have been be changed Energy and Environmental Performance Contact information D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual heating or cooling systems During these punctual events a lot of energy could be save but this is an ambitious project and the total implication of the Council is needed to change behaviours and several energy vampires some machines bulbs boilers etc Definitely general actions in this building will be more effective than concrete actions The Standby campaign had no a great effect in the total building energy consumption does represent some benefit in energy savings This is because of the large dimensions of the building The largest energy consumers are lighting and air conditioning One of the air conditioning units
106. n of the property where the latitude and altitude the temperature of dry and wet bulb and climate play an important role in choose the technology to use In addition the architecture plays a very important role such as orientation materials floor ceiling walls and so on This is the basis for choosing the best HVAC Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning system usually with a thermal calculation that relates the external variables of the building and technological options 90 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 CEILING AND DESK FANS New fan models Look for new ceiling fans models they can use 35 less the energy compared to the ones manufactured 10 years ago They also have variable speed control from 0 to the maximal speed and lower noise levels Their lifecycle depends on how often they are being used but at maximum load they can operate no longer than 10 years SPLIT UNIT The contemporary appliances of that type are based on thermo pumps air air air water and water water The good models are using DC invertors heat agent Freon usually R410A but R417A is also being used and COP coefficient of performance between 3 and 4 5 depending on outer temperature The contemporary air conditioning split units have a low level of noise and various user settings for easy control and functioning such as sleep mode auto etc ELECTRIC HEATER The new appli
107. n of use Consideration for the time needed to light an area should be made before choosing downlight types For low use areas sometimes halide and low consumption bulbs can prove more economical e Economic study An economic study should be done to determine the best type of lighting e LED option LED lights are the most energy efficient however in this case may not be the most economic in low use areas LIGHT TUBES The two most common types of tube lighting are T8 fluorescent tubes and T5 fluorescent tubes There are slight differences between these types T5 is slightly smaller than the T8 The T5 has a slightly higher efficiency and higher lumen than the T8 However this does not always equate that the T5 is necessarily better T5 tubes also require a different installation than the T8 making changing one type to another difficult 93 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Getting help pays off It is best to consult a professional to carry out an economic study to help decide which lighting option is the most affective and help with its installation BELLS Bells are very popular in industries stores and public buildings like gyms libraries pools sport centres etc In this case the main options are halide metal High Pressure Sodium Vapour Low Pressure Sodium Vapor mercury vapor and obviously LED e Do not choose The worst option in terms of efficiency is the mercury vapor for hallways
108. nerally more suited to more constant heat demands e Evaluate fuel storage space and system requirements e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check boiler efficiency and performance as per relevant test standards e Check operating and maintenance manuals A financial assessment based on fuels costs heat loads and boiler costs should be carried out to determine the life cycle costs relative to potential alternatives SOLAR THERMAL Solar hot water systems convert sunlight into hot water and are designed to meet a proportion of your overall hot water requirement over the year As the resource sunlight is seasonal this is this is usually 50 60 of the annual hot water requirement but this can vary depending on economics and hot water requirements There are many different brands of solar thermal collectors on the market and many suppliers to choose from There are two main types of solar collector available on the market flat plate and evacuated tube If you are thinking about solar panels you should consider the following e Assess the heat load and the suitability of solar panels and the approximate size required 101 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check performance as per relevant test standards and certification to Solar Keymark or similar schemes e Check operating and maintenance manuals ENERGY SAVI
109. on measures should be adapted to the objectives and preferably be directed to the main consumption points detected after analysis of the inventory This guide offer a selection of the main measures of energy saving and efficiency that can be implemented in a building mainly office classified according to the equipment or energy system on which they act these being v Behaviour and awareness v Lighting v Airconditioning and heating v Electric appliances v Insulation Y Domestic hot water v Elevators v Maintenance of installations v Renewable energy production v Transport and vehicles The leader of the Plan shall identify the energy saving measures most appropriate to correct energy inefficiencies identified after analyzing the inventory Should be carried out an evaluation of these measures to determinate what the most viable and profitable are Once evaluated they must be communicated to all staff of the organization prior to the final selection of the same in order to ensure employee participation in decision making of the organization In the selection of measures to be implemented should be taken into account the following criteria v Energy and economical saving Any reduction in consumption involves reducing expenses This saving is determined by the scope of energy saving measure and the price of energy source that is saving or replacing v Cost of action In order to assess the profitability and appropriateness of
110. onment gpp index_en htm get down to every last detail and presents information on legal framework fact sheets and guides that can further assist on Public Procurement Among these is the Managing GPP Implementation Reference document This document explains in depth the management model stating that an effective management system aims to ensure a systematic management support and supervision provide clear tasks and responsibilities for those directly involved appropriately monitor progress achievements and problems and lastly to ensure continuous improvement However here we are going to try and keep it simple and just name a few things to keep in mind when purchasing e Benefitting from the Energy labels Energy labels help consumers choose products which save energy and thus money They also provide incentives for the industry to develop and invest in energy efficient product design The ultimate aim is that manufacturers of energy using products will at the design stage be obliged to reduce the energy consumption and other negative environmental impacts of products While the Directive s primary aim is to reduce energy use it is also aimed at enforcing other environmental considerations including materials use water use polluting emissions waste issues and recyclability 19 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 The recast Energy Labelling Directive Directive 2010 30 EU was adopted by the European Parliament and Council in May
111. ort over view Maintenance v Tyres properly inflated Maintaining your tyres inflated is an easy task that can improve your mileage by 3 Use proper grade of motor oil can save 1 2 on gas mileage V v Replace dirty Air Filters in older cars this matter more v Tune up can save up to 4 on gas mileage Driving tips v Choose the right vehicle v Take it easy Speeding decrease fuel economy v Using the cruise control can save by maintaining a constant speed v Avoid carrying unnecessary loads Losing the roof rack or items in the trunk can reduce mileage by 5 v Turn down the air Air conditioning set on the maximum can reduce the mileage by 5 25 v Avoid idling Although you are not moving idling is using fuel Vv Try to travel during off peak hours Y Consider other means of transport or combining types of transport v Combine trips v Use overdrive gear Y Motorcycles 53 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 6 ANNEXES MY TOOL BOX 54 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 1 Sample statement EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Date COMPANY ENERGY MANAGEMENT STATEMENT AND POLICY The company understands it has a responsibility to its employees to improve the workplace environment to citizens to manage funds wisely and to future generations to help protect and preserve our environment and its natural reso
112. p build a team to get the task done Offer opportunities for how employees and building users can get involved 2 Make it meaningful There is nothing more depressing than working a job that has no real meaning So make sure you inform workers on the benefits of what they are doing and what they have achieved The benefits are many social ecological and economic benefits Here are a few items that can be posted on a bulletin board or common website o What Eco Benefits have we accomplished How much CO2 emissions have been reduced Put this in terms that can be understood like number of trees or number of cars How much petroleum and carbon consumption has been reduced New collaboration efforts that name individuals o Economic Benefits How much money we have saved Money that has been invested in other projects products activating the economy Will there be a pay increase as a result of hard work 3 Set goals and celebrate them who doesn t love to reach the top of a mountain look down and ponder how far they have come Once goals are reached perhaps there is a party or just a poster of congratulations 129 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 4 Recognise efforts This is so important If employees or building users are making a special effort recognise it with one of the follow suggests A certificate of energy excellence A bonus A public notice A spot near the window
113. r conditioner Electric heater Natural gas heater Centralised HVAC LED Halogen Compact fluorescent Candescent LCD TV 81 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Den come OOOO O OO Refrigerator medium Refrigerator large Gas hot water heater Electric hot water heater Solar hot water heater 82 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 SAVINGS PROJECTS System Annual Savings Estimated Source of DELK j consumption measure savings information information Laptops ESCO internal study etc EMPLOYEE AWARENESS PLAN If you think education is expensive try ignorance Derek Bok This should include the measures timelines and participants that will take part in the awareness plan Target everyday actions that employees will be encouraged to do and how they will be communicated and by who ACTION Workshop RESPONSIBLE TIME FRAME pamphlet etc 83 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ENERGY CONSERVATION TARGETS LOW TARGET MWh HIGH TARGET MWh 84 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ACTION PLAN Turn targets into tasks with timelines and indications of who is responsible to carry out the task Identify challenges to implement the action and solutions For each task identify approaches and strategies Behavioural organisational
114. r before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly Cooking e Use microwave when possible e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 116 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens e Use kitchen equipment such as pots pans etc with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the heating plate of the electric ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated washer Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40 C e Use gas to heat the water when possible e Use heat accumulator buffer tank in the hydraulic heating and DHW domestic hot water system EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Hospital and Health Centre Tip Sheet EDUCATE PATIENTS A
115. r refurbishment program is in the heart of the cultural quarter of the Tallaght Town Centre which includes the Civic Theatre the Big Picture and Rua Red Art Centre The County Library is a light filled spacious and customer orientated building which provides a large and up to date General book stock free state of the art computer faculties self information service terminals printing and photocopying systems a digital training and a conference suite a teen zone a children s library and a local studies area a download zone where customers can download audio books directly to their mp3 player or iPod from the on line service and assistive technologies for people who have visual or reading difficulties The County Library delivers open and welcoming access to leisure information and educational opportunities 146 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 The library was refurbished in 2008 It extends to 2 550 m over three floors The levels of insulation in the building Building fabric are quite good with a weighted average u value of characteristics 0 59 W m7 K The lighting in the building is a combination of fluorescent T8 fittings LED downlights halogen lamps and metal halide spotlights The heating in this building is supplied by gas boilers situated in the main SDCC building which supply the heating demand to the whole campus Electricity is used for lighting public access PCs the a
116. r windows closed tightly while you are operating the air conditioner v Adjust the direction of the airflow vertically or horizontally to circulate indoor air v Speed up the fan to cool or warm indoor air quickly in a short period of time v Open windows regularly for ventilation as the indoor air quality may deteriorate if the air conditioner is used for many hours 39 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Unplug the power plug when conditioner is not used for an extended period of time v Do not let the air conditioner run for a long time when the humidity is very high or when a door or window has been left open v Clean the air filter once every two weeks Dust and impurities collected in the air filter may block the air flow or weaken the cooling function v Lifecycle of such appliance is about 10 years v When in cooling mode the set temperature must be maximum 21C lower than outer temperature v When in heating mode split units should not be switched off especially invertors during the entire heating season This is directly related to energy efficiency of the appliance v A technical inspection must be carried out once in a year by a professional technician Electric heater The lifecycle of these heaters normally does not exceed 8 years They do not have any special requirements regarding technical maintenance but in order to take full advantage of them one must ensure enough sp
117. rd Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 My home Tip Sheet BATHROOMS e Use cold water when possible e Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets e Report and fix leaks as soon as possible e Unplug devices when notin use o Do not set the temperature above 40 C LAUNDRY e When possible and sanitary wash with cold water e Always wash with a full load e Wash the filter often e Line dry when possible e Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher e Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity LIGHTING e Use natural light when possible e Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually e Maintain lights and lamps clean E ie n a m E i TE E yt i 4 z i IG et D i ie TE p 7 Za ome g f a l b 135 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful to remind others to do the same e Do not use decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building e Use led when possible e Report and fix maintenance problems immediately HEATING AND COOLING e During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 21 C e Review and maintain pumps and equipment e Maintain filters clean e Purchase Energy Star equipment KITCHEN Refrigerator e Maintain the back of the
118. rdo Romero Leon AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es F d T TT TTT TT mn T TTT 154 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 SPAIN CASE STUDY GUADALINFO TELE CENTRECARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guidelines of good practices but there are some that have been implemented Best practice or behaviour Y Turning off lights after the work y Reduce the conditioned air consume Y Switch off computers and monitors every day SITE INFORMATION The Guadalinfo Telecentre is located on 2 C Hospital Street Cartaya Huelva This is a public centre created to reduce the digital gap in the rural environment Social Innovation computer courses General information and everything related to new technologies focused to improve the social progress in the villages Also have a few hours of free access to online consultations implementation of academic papers etc Is a 150m room diaphanous inside the Local Market Building Electronic Equipment 26 Computers 10 15 Portable Desktop projector TV 2 switches 1 router 2 Building characteristics 155 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 OU printers laser and Multifunction Is a medium room that needs to be acclimatize and the electric consumption for the amount of PC
119. reen Public Procurement GPP Training Toolkit Local Governments for Sustainability 2008 ISO 50001 2011 and ISO 14001 2004 Energy Management System National Maritime Museum Royal Observatory Energy Management Policy June 2010 National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL U S Department of Energy Energy Efficient and Renewable Energy checklist August 2013 Paul Scheckel The Homeowner s Energy Handbook Storey Publishing 2013 Public Sector ICT Special Working Group 2013 Save on Energy Ontario OPA Energy Management Plan Template December 4 2012 Simon Clement et al Driving energy efficient innovation through procurement A practical guide for public authorities The SMART SPP consortium 2009 Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Energy Map www seai ie energymap September 2013 Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Guide to ICT Desktop Energy Management Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Media report SEI Report Shows Average Irish Household Emitting 8 1 Tonnes of CO2 17 June2008 167
120. refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freezer before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly Cooking e Use microwave when possible 136 mm l pence nn l I LL i EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated washer Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40 C e Use gas to heat the water when possible POOLS e Reduce your heater or heat pump thermostat settings by 8 10 on days the pool is not being used e According to the American Red Cross the most healthful swimming temperature is 25 5 C Reducing your heater or heat pump thermostat to maintain a 25 5 or lower
121. rent D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual PU 63 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The opinions of the employees are an important source of information on how to improve our energy practices Please detail any ideas you may have on how we can Save energy and what would motivate you to save Thank you for your time to care about our company 64 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Questionnaire 2 After trial period of 6 months Dear Employee Once again we ask for your assistance in our energy programme The programme has now been in place for some months and we would like your opinion on how it is going Please take a few minutes to tell us what you think 1 Has the overall attitude in the work place changed Definitely yes _ Yes somewhat Yes a little It has stayed the same O O LI O It has gotten worse 2 Are you more motivated to save energy in the workplace L Yes most definitely Yes somewhat Yes a little lam still indifferent O OU UO O don t make an effort 65 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 3 Has your opinion on energy use and its impact on the environmental changed Yes most definitely Yes somewhat have stayed neutral E Yes a little m E E No What is all the fuss about 4 Have you seen an impact on company spending or in your own spending Ye
122. res Energy and Environmental Performance Contact information From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include activities like switching off all office equipment not use by establishing the Stand By mode try to avoid air conditioning and use fans instead building manager checks after work to ensure electric devices are switched off usage of shutters and awnings during hot summer days reduce the use of hot water as much as possible try to avoid the use of individual electric heaters during cold winter months as much as possible open windows during winter mornings for 5 minutes in order to aerate interior air v Installation of insulation of 1 741 m2 exterior walls that will reduce the U value from 1 05 to 0 35 W m2 K Electricity consumption for heating will be reduced by 45 593 kWh 18 Installation of insulation on the roof 922 m2 U value will decrease from 0 6 to 0 3 W m2 K Electricity consumption for heating will be reduced by 32 928 kWh 13 Energy savings 78 521 kWh y CO2 savings 53 6 ton y Energy Cost savings 8 401 83 y How will the success of this change be measured By measuring the monthly consumption of electricity after implementation of measures and comparisons with consumption before Please explain how benchmarks were established and how changes will be monitor
123. reviewed regularly and updated as necessary Great You made the leap the administrators are on board the writing of a plan is in its draft phase but now the administrator left the light on in the bathroom Three people saw it happen and the word is starting to spread quicker than light from a LED Since we expect that workers will do their best to follow best practices it is even more important that we remember to serve as a model and do the same Our character is what we do when we think no one is looking H Jackson Brown Some good points to follow are discussed in the International Standard 50001 For example it states that top management must also provide the resources needed to establish implement and maintain programmes So often we have high expectations however if we don t provide the means to achieve them it only amounts to frustration and in the end apathy 14 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Giving public workers the chance to voice their opinion will provide a free consultation on energy use and will give top management the opportunity to get to better know employees Perhaps the management already is well involved with their employees however we have taken the liberty to include another best practice document a sample questionnaire Annex 2 Since workers spend many hours in the very place we want to save energy they can often be a very important asset for improvement provi
124. s described before Building consumption The actual lighting consumption is about 5Kwh m2 y The Guadalinfo telecentre had no prior behaviour Behaviours and policy so there is a great improvement opportunity practices prior to The centre is coordinated by a manager who can project directly be in charge of users behaviours This Telecentre is optimal to introduce changes in users behaviour One of the most important changes is switching off computers that are not being used Behaviours that Computers are the most important energy consumers will have be changed in the centre The manager will control the use of lights opened windows as well as the main door to avoid heat or cooling losses Baseline data on energy and environmental Energy and performance will be established after the installation Environmental of the WeSave Performance Gerardo Romero Leon AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es Contact information 156 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 BULGARIA CASE STUDY MEDICAL CENTER OF SEPTEMVRI CITY MASSIVE BUILDING SEPTEMVRI CITY PAZARDZHIK DISTRICT Best practice or behaviour Replacing existing windows with new energy efficient SITE INFORMATION Location of the building Type of building Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year Massive building Medical activi
125. s most definitely Yes somewhat Yes a little Not to the extent I would like Not at all Not applicable 66 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 Do you think the company could still do more to save energy Yes A lot more Yes There are some things we can change I think we are doing fine _ don t see my opinion as _ important Indifferent 6 Have you changed your practice energy saving methods at work For example Do you turn off the lights upon leaving if you are the last one in the office Do you turn off the lights in the bathroom upon leaving Do you turn off your computer and the screen at lunchtime and at the end of the day If you have a space heater do you only use it when necessary Do you opt for opening a window instead of using air conditioning In the break room do you unplug microwave when finished using it Yes As much as I can _ Yes When I remember On an occasion No It s not my priority _ No Honestly it just _ doesn t occur to me 67 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 7 Have you changed your practice energy saving methods at home 8 Yes As much as I can Yes When remember On an occasion No It s not my priority No Honestly it just doesn t _ occur to me If you are not currently active would you like to get
126. s 14 hours switched on overnight The only difference is that one is switched on for an hour and the other for 14 x Repeatedly turning computers and lights on and off reduces their lifespan and wastes energy required to produce new ones FALSE Leaving computers on when not in use actually reduces their lifespan because moving parts wear out faster Lights are designed to be switched on and off many times a day without affecting their lifespan x Computer monitors use less energy when the screen Saver is on FALSE LCD screens use exactly the same amount of energy whatever color they are displaying so the screensaver uses just as much energy as when you are working It is recommended that if you are leaving your desk for a meeting is to switch off your computer screen 140 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 x Leaving a ceiling fan on will help cool the room FALSE Fans cool people not rooms So if a ceiling fan runs in an empty room no one will feel its benefits A fan works by circulating the air in the space when the breeze moves across the skin we feel cooler even though the temperature in the room is still the same So when you leave the room save energy by turning off the ceiling fan Attic fans are a different story They can draw cooler air into the home and blow the hot air out that s trapped in the attic increase energy efficiency However attic fans are only effective if the air outsid
127. s of good practices but there are some that have been Best practice or implemented behaviour v Turning off lights in unused areas v Reduce the conditioned air consume 149 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 General information Building characteristics Building consumption Behaviours and practices prior to project D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual SITE INFORMATION The Cultural Centre of Cartaya is located in the Calle Nueva 16 CP 21450 in Cartaya Huelva Is a Facility Building for the citizens where they have access to 1 Library Archive Theatre Exhibition and conference room Municipal Academy Classroom Testing Cultural Workshops Information Offices registration management and administrative claim 9 Offices and rooms for staff providing services 10 Hall and Conferences room 11 Workshops meeting room 12 Multipurpose rooms and common The Staff is about 14 persons and estimated building users is at around 6 000 people year The building was completed in 2004 is a typical polyvalent centre with a great Hall and several rooms including a Theatre It extends to 3 392 75m over 5 floors There are some great areas with a special difficulty for the climate such as Hall library and theatre And of course due to its special characteristics with high energy consumption As said before a building like this has several kind of rooms a great Hall library and classroo
128. sible Seeing what is being spent will help determine where important savings can be made and will serve as a baseline for future spending Initial calculations can be affected by many variables such as weather production level etc Many professional auditors and ESCOs will take these calculations when performing audits Baselines are said to be normalised when these variables are removed from the equation 16 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Where is it being spent A walk through will help you identify where the energy is being spent this includes all the electrical appliances that are plugged in to an outlet or to the circuit breaker and all equipment that needs fuel gas oil biomass etc to function If a map of the building is available it can serve as a good tool to make sure you do not miss any small rooms You may get a little dusty so put on some older clothes This is an auditor building manager or ESCO s job but getting familiar with your building will help you prepare for their visit You will want to be aware of the number of any given devices or appliances whether it is switched on at the power source the number of hours it is used each day and whether it is used seasonally or all year long The best practice document Annex 4 for this task is a short list to help you get started on thinking of where the energy in you building is being spent Data from the WeSave wil
129. st insulating at the roof or ceiling level Y Do you need to access the roof attic space v What type and what amount of insulation should you install to achieve the most cost effective solution Vv Is there a risk of condensation v How much and what type of insulation is needed v What is the u value before and after WINDOWS Of all the components in a building it is through the windows that most heat is lost This is because glass allows heat to escape more readily than most other building materials For example given the same area of wall and window the window will allow up to eight times more heat to escape For this reason it is important that your windows are as efficient as possible While standard double glazing is a great improvement over single even more advanced glazing systems are now available on the market at affordable prices Two examples include gasfilled double glazing and low emissivity glazing 103 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 In gas filled double glazing the cavity between the two panes of glass is filled with an inert gas usually argon which conducts less heat than air therefore improving the window s energy efficiency Replacing windows is generally expensive and is usually only worth it if the windows are draughty and single glazed You should ensure that new windows have as low a u value as your budget allows good quality double glazing will give a u value of
130. t because it is cheaper does not mean you are getting the best deal 4 Run through the following questionnaire checklist to compare your selected candidates QUESTION INSTALLERS COMMENTS COST BREAKDOWN How the size of the equipment was Calculated for your needs Explains clearly necessary information and operating instructions Explains in full all calculations feed in tariffs or incentive programme benefits Explains how you should maintain the system They have presented a clear estimate of how much the system will save or produce energy heat as well as your current requirements They have indicated what will be needed and who will prove it for installation and maintenance CREDENTIALS AND EXPERIENCE How long has the installer been in business and installing these systems 111 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Are they a member of an organization are they certified In some countries they need to be certified for feed in tariffs or incentive to apply INFORMATION Do they provide manuals and brochures background and test data Is the sales person knowledgeable about the product Did the sales person give you information about the warranty card and after warranty service period of the installed product AFTER INSTALLATION What services are offered Warranties All installers should provide a minimum one year warranty on the installation What
131. temperature will also help conserve energy e Reduce pump speed to reduce energy use A slower pump reduces power consumption 137 iT Ii I D EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 e For good water maintenance circulate water through a filter only once per day Additional cycles tend to waste energy e Run your pool s filtration system during off peak hours when electricity demand is lower e Keep intake grates clear of debris Clogged drains require the pump to work harder e To obtain maximum filtration and energy efficiency clean your filter regularly e New variable drive pool pumps slash utility costs e Raising the water temperature just 1 can costs an additional 10 30 e Use LED or solar powered lighting 138 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Sample office poster 139 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 MYTHS FOR ENERGY SAVINGS x Switching lights on and off uses more energy than leaving them on FALSE The energy used to switch a light on and off is less than that of leaving it on so switching lights off when you leave the room saves energy whatever type of bulb you have and for however long you are away x Leaving the heating on overnight uses less energy than re heating a cold building FALSE A boiler that soends an hour heating up a room in the morning is working no harder than a boiler that spend
132. the power requirements Buildings with large roof areas such as hospitals shopping centres and some industrial facilities can accommodate many panels to power their high electricity needs Typical payback periods will depend on the type of construction used for the modules electricity costs and will generally be greater than 10 years On the other hand the savings will be dependent on the size and application of the system 100 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Points to note e Installations often require planning permission from the local authorities e The angle of the panels relative to the sun will determine the effectiveness of the system e Studies and installations should be carried out by qualified personnel BIOMASS Biomass boilers provide an efficient automated method of generating hot water steam and other heat transporting fluids using carbon neutral biomass as the fuel source The term Biomass can include Short Rotation Forestry Energy Crops Wood Wastes Agricultural Industrial Residues and or Sewage In Ireland the most efficient models are added to the Triple E list where the three Es stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation If you re thinking of buying a biomass boiler you should e Assess the heat load and the suitability of a biomass boiler Biomass boilers are ge
133. ties 60 000 Building characteristics Type of building Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year Massive building Medical activities 157 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 1958 Overhaul in Climate zone 6 Bulgaria 1992 year Minimum temperature 16 oC Maximum temperature 34 oC Building size Gross floor Heated area Heated area volume 1736 Building consumption Fuel types used Annual consumption Estimated CO2 production kWh 2 year ton prior to project start tre ioman o o When produce 1 kWh of electricity are generated 683 g CO2 kWh LPG 272g CO2 kWh Total annual consumption of the building is 74 340 kWh Exterior windows have a high heat transfer coefficient U W m2 K This is the reason for the heat loss In relation to staff behaviour no training activities or behavioural change campaigns have been performed previously for this reason it is expected that such actions can Behaviours and practices prior to project lead to significant results in building s energy performance From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through Behaviours improved behaviour Initiatives could include activities like that willbe Switching off all office equipment not in use by establishing changed the Stand By mode try to avoid air conditioning and use fans inste
134. tigate other options to get from point A to B such as v S se es SS Public transport conventional Green environmental friendly transport using hybrid electric and bioethanol engine Ferry transport Carpooling Biking Walking Ride shares Combinations of the above TELECOMMUTE AND FLEXIBLE HOURS Some companies offer telecommuting or flexible hours Working from home can save fuel If this is not an option a flexible work schedule can be beneficial to all 126 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Arriving when traffic is at its lowest gives a worker more autonomy and peace of mind These types of employees have been proven to be the most productive and most content Companies can benefit from offices that are staffed longer since employee times are more staggered TIP Start an EPLACE account and monitor your car fuel consumption 127 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ANNEX 8 Tools for office awareness and recognition 128 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Ideas for Rewards and Motivation Motivating people to change is often a daunting job but it once we get started it can be the most fun out of all energy saving tasks Some top tips on motivating people are 1 Unit people When people feel like they are part of something bigger they often will come together to get the job done Make it fun and hel
135. tion Heating is provided by the CHP plant and condensing boilers There are large electrical demands on the site for circulation Building pumps and fans with miscellaneous lighting and other consumption loads The WeSave monitoring equipment will identify electricity loads The electricity use in 2012 was 380 MWh costing 64 000 and the fuel use was 2 300 MWh costing 60 000 This equates to 148 kWhe m yr and 914 kWth m2 yr These data are somewhat misleading as the CHP uses gas to generate electricity and data on the CHP operation is required to fully establish the electrical and thermal demands This data will be measured by the WeSave Behavioursand_ It is suspected that there is scope to improve staff practices practices priorto and control which will be determined and confirmed by the project WeSave From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include optimising the lighting control and switching off equipment when not Behaviours that in use or out of hours From the electricity usage data we willbe changed expect that the WeSave will identify a large amount of hours use that can be targeted through improved behaviour This may for example include switching off lights optimising time settings for plant turning down fans out of hours and measuring and monitoring EnPlis through WeSave Energy and Basel
136. tion 3 1 10 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 3 Energy Saving Plan So how do we get a programme started and keep it going The Energy Management System EMS puts it plain and simple PLAN DO CHECK ACT EMS is a set of interrelated elements to establish an energy policy and energy objectives and processes and procedures to achieve those objectives EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual PU A good plan starts by showing commitment that stimulates participation It identifies obstacles limits budgets resources timelines and goals It also establishes baselines strategies methods of monitoring and an effective reporting system This sounds like a lot but this manual will give you some easy to use tools needed Test the plan by using the resources identified in the planning process prepare reports and implement a communication campaign Use best practices Implement resources and support workers responsible for energy Savings tasks Analyse performance of the measures taken against the desired outcomes Determine improvements as well as readjustments and modifications that need to be made Recognise achievements Implement the plan with the improvements readjustments and modifications Restart the cycle continuing with improvements and modifying areas for improvement 12 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU PL
137. umber 325182 PU The boss doesn t care Why should I care or It will all change next month Implementing an energy saving Plan involve a great coordination and planning It is therefore essential to appoint at least one person responsible for the implementation organization and monitoring compliance of such a Plan It isn t necessary that the person designated as responsible devote all working hours for this activity and can combine it with their usual function Functions of responsible energy saving Plan e Inform workers about the new energy actions e Develop an explanatory material clarifying and resolving any doubts staff e Make an inventory of energy consumption e Define the actions to perform to reduce energy consumption and evaluate feasibility of implementing them e Development of an action Plan which define the organizational practices e Monitoring the implementation of the energy saving Plan e Performing an annual monitoring report on the development of the action Plan e Conduct periodic communications campaigns with workers on the effects of measures taken Commitment needs to be shown in writing as well as demonstrated in actions As an example of best practice you will find a written policy attached in Annex 1 Having a written policy not only shows commitment it also helps to organise a top notch programme To ensure that the policy is current and functioning to its optimum level it should be
138. urces For this reason we have developed a company Energy Management Policy that will help following through with this commitment We ask for your participation and support in our efforts as a Company This Energy Management Policy aims to e Increase energy efficiency within the workplace e Reduce our carbon footprint e Reduce dependence on fossil fuel e Reduce emissions of CO2 amp harmful greenhouse gases e Create a healthier work environment e Inspire company workers and stakeholders to improve our environment e Actas a model for companies agencies citizens etc e Create a smart budget and eliminate unnecessary costs e Develop a fabulous public image e Increase our pride in where we work 56 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU SPECIFIC PROGRAMMES Heating amp cooling e Example Hot and cold water machines throughout the company are all energy efficient models featuring sleep modes when not in use e What has been done Lighting e Example All lights are switched off at 9 30pm unless there are staff working in that particular area e What has been done Computers and IT e Computers have a standard energy saving image that enforces screensavers and sleep mode in the most energy efficient way possible screensavers start after 5 minutes inactivity screens enter sleep mode after 15 minutes inactivity computers sleep after 30 minutes inactivity e What has been done GOALS
139. ust need a short cycle to get cleaned Go ECO Look for machines with an ECO button that can also help reduce energy and water use Technology to look for Look for appliances that offer o Soil sensors detect cleaning level o Water filtration allows efficient use of detergent to better remove food residuals Efficient jets use less energy need to distribute detergent o Adjustable racks to take better advantage of space 95 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 MICROWAVES OVENS AND STOVES Microwaves use up to 80 less energy than a conventional oven If in a warm climate or during summer months microwaves also can Save on air conditioning since they do not produce heat like an oven There is no Energy Star rating for domestic microwaves ovens or stoves For commercial ovens look for the Energy Star Label Look for the Energy Guide label The label will help to compare similar models and estimate the annual operating costs Choose the right size Estimate the use and volume you will need before buying Choose gas ovens over convection Gas ovens cost more up front but operating costs and energy use will be lower BLENDERS TOASTER GRILLES There are many models so pick one that suites best your needs and follow these points Choose a blender toaster and grill with easy cleaning The easy cleaning of the kitchen appliance will lead to reduction of energy and operational cost Go ECO
140. ust be dried to at least 15 Higher humidity will lead to decrease of energy efficiency and even to malfunction Electric appliances 1 Office equipment Computers and monitors A monitor can account for a large amount of a computer s energy consumption 85 Watts on average for older screens and since these are often left on when users are away from their desks there are big opportunities to make savings Ensure monitors are turned off if users are to be away from their desk for more than ten minutes and that computers are switched off at the end of each day Enable any standby features to limit energy consumption Small to medium sized companies typically rely on employees to set their own PC profiles whereas this is often centrally controlled in larger companies Encouraging IT departments as well as individual users to activate standby modes will result in energy savings It is a good idea to establish a policy that not only covers energy efficiency tips but also guidelines for purchasing new equipment As some brands of 42 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU office equipment use less energy than others it is important to consider the running costs of all options and not just the purchase cost A single computer and monitor left on 24 hours a day will cost around 60 a year Multiply that by the number of computers your business has to understand what this might be costing you S
141. ving configuration and how to use it most efficiently This Energy star is a coordinating initiative between the European Council and the United States Government According to the new Energy Labelling Directive the layout of the energy efficiency label gives room to up to three new energy classes to reflect technological progress The energy labelling system initially ranged from A to G The new Energy Labelling Directive introduces new efficiency classes to coincide with improvements in technology in recent years These help to differentiate between the top end of the scale Now we use A A and A on top of the existing A grade for the most energy efficient household products The most efficient class is represented by A 20 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The labelling colour scheme will be adjusted accordingly so that the highest energy efficiency class will remain dark green and the lowest energy efficient class will be red The new label will gradually be introduced at the point of sale Consumers are likely to see the old and the new label alongside Still it is possible to compare the products since an old class A appliance is still equivalent to a new class A appliance e Get the right size The answer is yes to the life long question Size does matter when choosing lighting heating air conditioning pumps etc It is natural to think bigger is better however in energy efficienc
142. witching them off out of hours and enabling standby features could reduce this to less than 15 a year each and prolong the lifespan of equipment v Switch off equipment at the end of every day and only switch on when required the following day Enable printer standby modes and print in batches where possible to allow the machine to spend more time in standby than idling Newer printers start up faster so employees are more likely to be happy about turning them off Install a plug in seven day timer to reduce the likelihood of machines being left on out of hours These can be bought for a few pounds from most DIY stores Use the right printer for the job Print internal documents with no immediate time requirements on slower black and white machines Only use colour when absolutely necessary Encourage staff to use print preview functions for checking layout and style instead of printing Default to meet most likely demand Make it company policy to set default printing to double sided duplex Reduce the default print quality for internal documents and draft outputs to increase print speeds and reduce toner use Decrease print margins to minimise paper use Raise awareness Keep staff informed of the energy that printers use Encourage them to question their printing habits such as printing unnecessary documents and forgetting to collect them from the printer Staff should be made aware of the amount of paper used each month and encouraged or
143. wn after hours Power management is configured stand by is enabled Train key staff to operate energy equipment effectively Meter standard model PCs to estimate total power usage Conduct regular walk arounds to check for energy waste in ICT Turn off equipment when not required especially in summer as it reduces heat build up Fit seven day time controls to equipment that is shared Set defaults on printers to duplex mode D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual both feasible and successful with adequate communication to staff beforehand Can save up to 60 of office equipment energy costs Write script to hibernate unattended PCs Can save up to 30 of PC and monitor energy use during the working day Ancillaries After maintenance are power settings reset and or checked to be correct Use an inexpensive plug in meter to monitor over time Walk arounds should be regularly scheduled as people often fall back into bad habits Timely action will maximise savings This improves comfort and reduces electricity use Up to 50 saving in energy use is associated with printers and copiers Save on energy toner and paper costs 107 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Choose appropriate computer screens Choose equipment appropriate for the task Purchase equipment with low energy options that match your requirements Have power management configured
144. y it can cost you some extra cash In lighting for example it isn t the quantity of light bulbs you have installed but rather the intensity of light that needs to be considered Likewise when air conditioning and heating units are being considered one must consider the volume needed to be acclimated and not just choose the cheapest or most efficient Size also matters during comparison So when comparing two appliances compare labels of similar sized products e Use natural gas instead of electricity Switching to natural gas can cut your energy bill in half According to information from Europe s Energy Portal www energy eu energy from natural gas is often less than half the price per kWh of energy from electricity Just be sure to watch for extra fees for services from providers before making that switch You can feel good about changing to natural gas because natural gas hot water heaters can use up to 29 less energy equating to less CO2 emissions and a little more change in your pocket Feeling good Well feel a little better because during the process of electricity production about 60 of the total initial energy input can be lost during its production and transmission where as natural gas has very little loss in transmission e Think long term Many savings will not be seen right away so careful attention must be taken to calculate payback periods Perhaps in the first year we will not see savings but in the second an
145. y require an annual inspection to be carried out by a professional technician Some tips when using these appliances v If some unusual noises occur this is a signal for system failure Check up regularly the level of electric insulation of the whole system Ducts must be well isolated SAS The space around suction and discharge holes of the system must be free of any hindrances 41 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Centralised HVAC Biomass The best HVAC systems are operating with efficiency higher than 95 they have a fully automated process control and in operation mode they require only cleaning of containers from residual ash which is performed approximately once each 10 days A very important requirement for these systems is that the fuel used must meet the EU pellet standard ENplus adopted in 2010 Specifically the centralised HVAC systems must use pellets with quality standard ENplus A2 Using uncertified pellets might lead to damages of the system and efficiency will decrease significantly An annual inspection carried out by a professional technician is compulsory Some tips when using these appliances v Check the quality of the fuel especially when using pellets It must meet the European standard ENplus v Watch the flame s colour at boiler s burner When the burning process is normal it should be orange yellow v When using woocd chips as fuels take into account that it m
146. y that can be obtained by burning one ton of oil v Therm Unit of energy equivalent to a million calories Conversion factors for calculating CO2 emissions v Natural gas 0 25 kg CO2 kWh v Propane Butane 3 04 ton CO2 ton v Heating Oil 0 311 kg CO2 kWh v Electricity 0 39 kg CO2 kWh 166 EPLACE D3 4 Third Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 Rw 10 11 Alexandra Langenheld et al Energy Efficiency in Public Procurement Member States experience barriers drivers and recommendations Joint Research Centre of the European Commission May 2010 Baltic Climate Tool Kit http toolkit balticclimate org September 2013 Energy Star ENERGY STAR Building Upgrade Manual 2008 Edition Energy Star ENERGY STAR Qualified Products www energystar gov September 2013 Environmental Protection Agency US Green House Gas _ Equivalencies Calculator www epa gov cleanenergy energy resources calculator html September 2013 EPEC European PPP Expertise Centre Guidance on Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings 2013 Evans Easy Space Poster Energy Efficiency in the Office http cleantechnica com 2012 12 23 energy efficiency in the office evans energy saving tips September 2013 Government office of the South West UK Corporate Responsibility Managing Change How to manage change in an organization January 2007 edition ICLEI for the European Commission European Commission G

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