Orbiter User`s Manual - Delta
Contents
1. Wrap up the entire wing section with the tip that you kept between you and the leading edge EN E Holding the rolled sail slip the bag over the tip Repeat the same steps on the other wing 7 1 3 Final Steps Put the battens and the fibreglass tips into their bag Return the extremity of the keel to its closed position Remove the nose fairing Unhook the nose wires To do this you have to pull the nose downwards slightly Pull the nose ribbon so that you can remove the front wire shackle Open the nose hook s safety system Remove the kingpost cable attached to the keel To achieve this it may be necessary to use one hand to pull on the kingpost towards the trailing edge while with the other hand you unhook the shackle from the keel Fix the shackle to the sail at the base of the kingpost Release the cross bar completely Fold the wings in alongside the keel keeping them close to the ground Pull the loose sail towards the outside of the wing and keel while closing it Lower the kingpost folding it forwards leaving all the reflex wires on top of the sail the reflex wires will therefore be rolled up together with the sail The upper lateral wire should be kept outside the sail bringing it towards the leading edge therefore it will not be rolled up with the sail Roll up the sail and fasten with Velcro ties Make sure that where the leading edge joins the downtubes it is curved inwards in order to avoid damaging2. For whatever information or service please contact the nearest authorized dealer or the factory direct Icaro 2000 srl via Verdi 19 21038 Sangiano VA ITALY Ph 39 0332 648 335 Fax 39 0332 648 Z89 e mail staff icaro2000 com Internet www icaro2000 com Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 3 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 Table of Contents 1 PN p M e i mud INTRODUCTION 14 1 1 KEEP RISKS TO A MINIMUM 4 1 2 PRELIMINARIES 4 1 3 ASSEMBLY CHECK AND FIRST FLIGHT 4 1 4 HIGH FLIGHTS 4 FUNDAMENTAL RULE 4 CERTIFICATION AND GENERAL LIMITS 5 3 1 CERTIFICATION 5 3 2 WIND SPEED 5 3 3 TURBULENCE 5 3 4 AEROBATIC FLYING 5 TRANSPORT 5 4 1 BY CAR 5 4 2 BY GONDOLA OR CABLE CAR 6 4 3 BY PLANE 6 4 4 SHORT PACKING 6 ASSEMBLY 6 5 1 ON THE FRAME 7 CHECK LIST 10 6 1 ASSEMBLY CHECK 10 6 2 OTHER EQUIPMENT CHECK 11 6 3 PRE FLIGHT CHECK 12 DISASSEMBLY 12 HINTS AND TIPS 15 8 1 VARIABLE GEOMETRY 15 8 2 TAKE OFF 16 8 3 FLIGHT 16 8 4 LANDING 16 TRIM 16 9 1 TURN TENDENCY 17 9 2 TRIM SPEED 17 REFLEX AND DIHEDRAL 17 REPAIR AND PERIODICAL INSPECTIONS 18 TECHNICAL DATA 20 MAINTENANCE LOG 21 OWNER S LOG 22 Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 4 22 HOLD Edition Dec 2006 1 Introduction Over the last two decades hang gliding has become much safer Accidents have diminished due to the increased professionalism of flying schools and in
3. Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 1 22 Edition Dec 2006 ICAR Orbiter User s Manual Rev 12 06 Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 2 22 Edition Dec 2006 Congratulations on buying an Icaro 2000 hang glider We are certain that you have made the right choice The new Laminar represents the greatest technological advancement in its field over the last few years hang gliding will never be the same again Icaro 2000 srl is one of the world s leading hang glider manufacturers The company has built over 8 000 hang gliders during the course of the last twenty two years Icaro 2000 s competition and sales record are the envy of other manufacturers Icaro 2000 gliders are fully designed and manufactured in our factory at Sangiano in Northern Italy using exclusively top quality materials The development of our wings reflects the commitment of Manfred Ruhmer four times World Champion two Cross Country titles one Speed Gliding title and one Class V title and our two decades of experience in hang glider manufacture All our hang gliders have German certification DHV You can rest assured that spare parts and service will always be available no matter where you fly by means of our worldwide network of distributors This includes spares for all models both those in production and earlier designs Thank you for choosing our hang gliders and we wish you great flights
4. and the handle secured e Zippers are unobstructed and run freely e Leg straps in place and buckles are secured e Hook in and perform a hang check WARNING To reduce the risk of taking off without having hooked in it is a good idea to hook the harness to the hang glider before putting on the harness Today nearly all harnesses open at the front and so they are easy to put on even when the harness is attached to the glider If you have to leave the glider after having hooked in it is best to take off the harness while leaving it attached to the hang glider The possibility of being surprised and overturned by a gust of wind while you are waiting at the launch site generally involves less risks than those consequent to taking off without having hooked in e Check that your legs are in the leg straps and that the latter are properly fastened e During the hang check the centre of the speedbar deforms about 5 cm 2 inches upwards when compared to its position in flight Bear this in mind when evaluating your height from the bar on the ground you should leave a gap of at least 5 cm 2 inches in order to have a distance of 10 cm 4 inches in flight This position is generally the one that is most comfortable The airfoil section speedbar does not deform on flat ground because it does not have the ox horn curve Helmet sure that the outer shell has not been damaged take care not to sit on your harness pack when th
5. may be modified by adjusting the fibreglass tip lever tension or the pressure exerted on the batten tips at the trailing edge On all Icaro s wings you can also adjust wingtip sail tension by means of the plate with multiple holes that permits leading edge tension to be modified Unless absolutely necessary we strongly suggest that you leave the sail tension as when delivered from the factory 9 1 Turn tendency If the glider does not fly straight please check the following e Check that the leading edge and all other tubes are undamaged e Verify the batten profile using the supplied batten plans e Make sure that the tips compensating connecting cables are running freely and are not generating asymmetrical twist e Check that the sail tension on the left wingtip is equal to that of the right wingtip If there is a difference fix the sail at a different hole so that tension is properly balanced e Check that the sail tension on the left fibreglass tip is the same as on the right fibreglass tip If they are different fix the lever to a different hole in order to restore symmetrical tension e Check that the tube holding the fibreglass tips at the end of the leading edge is not damaged and that the tips are held correctly inside it e Check that the eccentric Nylon caps holding the above mentioned tubes are symmetrical If the glider still turns If the glider still has a turn tendency try adjusting the Nylon cap by rotating
6. that links both outer tips allowing them to move asymmetrically during turns making it easier to fly the glider To get the maximum performance from your hang glider you can use your VG intensively throughout the flight to increase or decrease the sail tension 8 2 Take Off For take off you can pull the VG in by about 50 cm 20 inches which improves ground handling and tightens the lower wires If the conditions around take off are very buoyant it is better to leave VG totally released Although the launch characteristics of the Laminar are sufficiently forgiving to permit minor errors during taking off such as the nose angle a little too high or takeoff speed a little too slow always keep the nose down 15 and run hard IMPORTANT Do not take off with a wet sail If your glider has got wet during set up dry it before take off A wet sail will stall at higher speeds making take off and landing considerably more difficult 8 3 Flight In conditions of calm rising air you can fly with the VG tightened to a degree which enables a better rate of climb to be achieved However in general you should use VG in proportion to the speed at which you wish to fly The faster the desired speed the more you should tension the sail by tightening the VG It is usually counter productive to fly at excessively low speed with the VG fully tightened because manoeuvrability is lower when VG is tight In addition under these conditions stall
7. act energy is absorbed by parts of the frame that did not come in contact with the obstacle commonly called whip lash damage e Thoroughly check the parts of the glider that were directly affected by the crash Replace damaged parts with exclusively original parts If you have any doubts about the damaged parts call an authorized dealer or our factory We will be pleased to give you any necessary advice When replacing spare parts make sure to note exactly how each component is connected or placed Never rush a repair job by taking your time you are far less likely to make a mistake in re assembly In brief your glider will last much longer when treated with care General Advice e The wires must be periodically checked for kinks or broken strands Dirty parts must be rinsed with warm water e Awet glider must be dried before storage Don t leave your glider wet for more than one day mildew and corrosion may result e Salt water causes corrosion on all metallic parts If you land in the sea and survive you must disassemble the entire glider and wash all tubes bolts wires and the sail thoroughly with fresh water e f you fly regularly at coastal sites in windy conditions be aware that evaporated seawater can have the same effect e Disassemble your hang glider after a certain number of flights and make a special check for corrosion Spare Parts If you need any spare parts you may contact your Icaro 2000 dealer or our f
8. actory directly If you should ever place an order by phone fax or e mail keep the following information in mind so we may enhance the quality of our service fast and accurate and to avoid ordering the wrong part e The exact model of the glider The glider s serial number The name of the part you need or its exact description The reference number of the spare part We think that you will have no problems regarding the model of your glider The serial number is located on the adhesive label on the rear part of the keel close to the cable junction The name of the parts may be found on the drawings in this manual or in our website The reference number of the parts may be found on the labels on each part or on the drawings in this manual or on the drawings in our website Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 20 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 12 Technical Data Orbiter UoM Orbiter S Orbiter Wing surface sq m sqft 13 73 147 8 14 61 157 3 Nose angle deg 128 128 Wing span m ft 9 73 3192 10 19 3343 Aspect ratio 6 9 7 1 Double surface 85 85 Battens Upper Lower N 16 4 18 4 Weight without glider bag kg Ib 27 59 29 5 65 176 Hook in pilot weight Min Max kg lb 60 85 132 187 80 95 209 Packed length m ft 5 00 1640 5 20 1702 Short pa
9. and disassembly as explained in the manual e Always follow the same assembly and pre flight check routine do not allow yourself to be distracted during these procedures 1 3 Assembly check and first flight e Every authorized ICARO 2000 dealer can test fly your glider If requested it can be test flown at the factory before delivery We recommend this procedure you are entitled to it e Your dealer should also help you set up your glider for the first time and see you off on your first flight e We strongly recommend speedbar wheels especially for your first flights 1 4 High flights e For your first mountain launch wait until weather conditions are ideal e tis best to fly in a location with which you are familiar as long as it has a suitable launch site and landing site in terms of both space and aerological conditions Fly with your habitual harness and instrument e Experiment with different VG settings roll reversals slow flight high speed flight and stalls at an altitude of at least 350 m about 1 000 feet 2 Fundamental Rules e After major repairs after replacing the sail or after a long period without flying always choose a site to fly from that you are familiar with and where it is possible to land immediately after take off e Your glider is delivered to you ready to fly WARNING Do not make any adjustments that are not described in this manual Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 5 22 Edition D
10. are folding the outer section of the sail and fold it back onto the shortened wing In performing this operation place a cardboard tube on the sail around which to make the fold This will prevent or reduce damage to the wing and the internal mylar Repeat steps 2 8 for the other wing To re assemble your wing follow the instructions in reverse order The length of the shortened wing will be as follows Orbiter 6 L Cm 100 0 120 0 140 0 When re assembling the leading edge tube check that the spring button has popped up and emerged from the tube Remember to reconnect the compensator cable to the tip making sure that it is not wound around the wing tip 5 Assembly There are two methods of correctly assembling your Orbiter On the A frame This method helps you protect your glider to the highest possible degree because the sail almost never touches the ground this avoids scratches from sharp stones and the accumulation of dirt on your sail Flat assembly This method is only recommended when setting up in strong wind conditions Left and right in this section should be understood as seen from flying position Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 7 22 Edition Dec 2006 5 1 On the Frame Place the glider on the ground In a light breeze place the glider so that the tail is facing into the wind In a moderate breeze the keel must be perpendicular to the wind If the ground
11. cked length m ft 4 00 13 12 4 00 1312 CERTIFICATION Mylar CERTIFICATION Dacron DHV 2 3 DHV 2 3 Orbiter UoM Orbiter L Wing surface sqm l sqft 15 23 163 9 Nose angle deg 126 Wing span m ft 10 41 3415 Aspect ratio 7 1 Double surface 85 Battens upper lower N 18 4 Weight without glider bag kg Ib 31 68 85 Hook in pilot weight Min Max kg Ib 110 487 242 Packed length m ft 5 40 1771 Short packed length m ft 4 00 13 12 CERTIFICATION Mylar CERTIFICATION Dacron Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 21 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 13 Maintenance Log Details of any modifications or repairs made to your glider should be entered here Date Modification or Repair Notes Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 22 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 14 Owner s Log This log provides a history of the glider s ownership Please make sure details are correct when you sell the glider Purchase Name Phone Address Date Notes
12. creasingly stringent certification procedures In Switzerland for example the insurance risk factor for hang gliding is the same as for winter sports However hang gliding is an active sport in which there is a certain degree of risk Your safety can be greatly enhanced by following a few simple rules Note The Orbiter is also available in a version with variable geometry VG optional Reference is made to this system in various parts of this manual Its function and use is comprehensively described in Chapter 5 1 1 Keep risks to a minimum e Attend a professional school e Fly a glider suited to your skills In order to fly the Orbiter you should be an intermediate pilot with at least 50 hours logged on another hang glider e Fly only when weather conditions are suitable e aware of adverse weather conditions caution is a mark of intelligence not of cowardice e Keep in continuous contact with your sport Try to avoid long intervals between one flight and the next This will also help you to progressively increase your flying skills e new risk may arise when you fly a new type of glider for the first time The reactions of your new glider may well differ from those of the glider you were used to In order to minimise this risk we recommend a gradual process of familiarisation with your new glider Make your first flight in calm conditions 1 2 Preliminaries e Study your manual before your first flight Practice assembly
13. e helmet is inside which can damage the helmet It was not designed for this sort of function e Strap is fastened Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 12 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 6 3 Pre Flight Check You ARE hooked in Launch site and glider are unobstructed Airspace is clear from other aircraft Wind strength and direction are safe Nose angle is correct Wings are levelled 7 Disassembly The disassembly of the hang glider is carried out in the opposite sequence with respect to assembly therefore you have to follow the procedure detailed below 7 1 On the A Frame 7 1 1 Point e Position the hang glider with the rear extremity of the keel facing into the wind e Make sure that the VG is completely loose Note make sure that the sail is loose before removing the battens the tip and fibreglass tips e Ina light wind you can extract the rearmost extremity of the keel by pushing the spring button and pulling it out This part remains attached to the glider by a bungee e Rest the glider on the rearmost part of the keel as shown in the photograph e Open the tip zippers e Remove the lower battens and then the upper battens starting from the outer extremity of the wing and moving towards the centre e Hold the end of the tip and rotate it towards the centre of the wing until it rests alongside and parallel to the leading edge the tip remains on the outside of the double surface No
14. ec 2006 e Periodically check the trim values shown in the tables Chapter IX e Fly only after having attended a good school recognized by your hang gliding federation e This Owner s Manual does not replace the checks on serviceability performed by an authorized dealer This is true even for expert pilots A pilot who is in doubt about any aspect of his her glider should consult his dealer or ICARO 2000 for advice e Never fly alone e Before every take off always perform both an assembly check and a pre flight check e Don t push your luck Fly only in places suited to hang gliding It is your responsibility to be aware of the limits of your glider and the limits of your own experience e Don t attempt towing of any kind unless you have attended a recognized towing school Always fit wheels on your speedbar when towing 3 Certification and General Limits 3 1 Certification All ICARO 2000 hang gliders have German certification DHV Icaro gliders are rated according to the German DHV as follows e Class 1 beginner pilots Laminar RELAX and Mars e Class 2 intermediate pilots Laminar EZ Orbiter e Class 2 3 advanced pilots Laminar 12 Master 13 Master e Class advanced pilots Laminar 14 Master Z8 12 9 Z8 13 2 2813 7 28 14 1 Z8 14 8 3 2 Wind speed e When the wind speed is stronger than 30 km h 715 knots launch becomes risky In these conditions consult with more experienced pi
15. ed If you do SO you risk damaging the nose plates and bolts If the wind is not too strong you can extract the terminal part of the keel by means of the spring button and rest the hang glider on the keel end This makes assembly more practical However remember that this position is not very stable and the hang glider may topple over and hit the ground with its wings This is particularly true when wheels are fitted on the speed bar Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 8 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 5 1 2 Mounting the Fibreglass Tips e Remove the tip cover and open the wing tip zipper e Insert the thick end of the fibreglass tip into the aluminium hole at the end of the leading edge tube Push firmly until you hear the tip hitting the stopper clack e Standing in front of the glider hold the leading edge with one hand and the wingtip with the other hand Bend do not pull the thin end of the tip towards the trailing edge and at the same time position the tip lever cap over it e Using the attached cord push the tip lever into the sail until it clicks against the fibreglass tip The sail is now tensioned Warning Keep your fingers clear while closing the lever e Close the wingtip zipper At this stage the sail may not be flat but slightly twisted If so twist the end of the sail slightly to make it flat failing to do this could cause a slight turning tendency in the air 5 1 3 P
16. ed if it is to be transported by plane Use a wooden crate or a stiff cardboard tube Your dealer or ICARO 2000 can supply these Always let the airline know the dimensions and weight of your glider well in advance 4 4 Short Packing It is best to avoid short packing your glider because it may cause the formation of a marked crease on the leading edge Mylar of both wings If however you have to short pack your glider it is important to follow these instructions e Write notes as you disassemble so that you know exactly how to reassemble the glider afterwards Where possible reposition pins bolts and washers in their correct positions maintaining the sequence in which they will be reassembled Undo the sail fastening on the end of the leading edge tube Remove the pin holding the compensator cable attached to the swivel tip lever Replace the pin in order not to lose it Press the spring button on the leading edge tube and remove the terminal section Be careful not to wrinkle the Mylar leading edge insert too much when you fold the sail it is possible to remove the insert Wrap the leading edge tube that you have removed with soft fabric e At the outer end of the leading edge tube inside the sail place a suitable form of protection on the end of the tube to prevent it from damaging the sail for example a plastic bottle from which you have removed the top half e Fold the wingtips as normal i e in the same way as when you
17. g shackle Right Wing Battens e see above LEFT WING BATTENS Right Wingtip e see above LEFT WING TIP Crossbar Leading Edge Right Junction e see above Crossbar Leading Edge Left Junction Central Section e Hang strap is not damaged and it is properly secured by means of the respective bolt e Look inside the sail to make sure that the main tubes are in perfect condition and that all nuts and bolts on the central plate of the crossbar are tight e The nut and bolt that fix the A frame to the keel are tight and the bolt is not bent e Check that the central zipper is completely closed A frame Lower Corners e Speedbar is properly attached e Speedbar pushpins and their safety rings are in place e Both socket head bolts which secure the speedbar are tight and do not protrude from the nylon block e wires attached to the A frame are not twisted or caught around the A frame corners Symmetry With the VG totally slackened zero VG stand behind the glider while holding the keel up and check the glider s symmetry comparing the right and left wings Verify that the twist on both wings is identical the twist should increase outwards on both sides Perform the same check with VG full on If when changing VG tension there are marked differences in symmetry the first thing to check is the tip compensation cable making sure that it has not caught somewhere 6 2 Other Equipment Check Harness e Parachute is in place
18. has not been completely opened If you do so you risk damaging the nose plates and bolts e Pull the bungee on the rear part of the keel until you can grasp the handle Pull it until you reach the small bolt on the keel and hook the plate in by pushing the two spring buttons e Take the shackle that is attached to the front wires and secure it to the nose hook In order to do this you need to force the nose slightly downwards using the handle fitted for this purpose e Position the nose fairing e Close the zipper making sure that both zip pulls are near the nose By doing this the crossbar safety cord is almost completely enclosed inside the sail e Pass the VG cord through the jam cleat on the Assembly is now complete now perform the assembly check 6 Check list Before every flight it is obligatory to perform a systematic check of the glider 6 1 Assembly Check Start at the nose Proceed counter clockwise around the glider checking all listed locations opening and closing zippers where necessary in order to perform inspections Finish by checking the centre and the A frame The following points need to be checked thoroughly Nose e Nose wire is attached and the hook is properly closed by the spring clip e Nuts and bolts on the nose plate are screwed down tightly e Nose fairing fits the leading edge properly and it is properly fixed by the Velcro strip fasteners Crossbar Leading Edge Left Junction e Cro
19. ing is faster and more marked than when the VG is released and this requires faster reactions on the part of the pilot and more altitude in which to return to normal flight IMPORTANT therefore you should never fly close to the ground with the VG fully tightened whatever hang glider you are flying Use the VG according to the aerological conditions in turbulence the wing should not be excessively loose which would reduce performance but neither should manoeuvrability be compromised by too much VG 8 4 Landing When flying the Orbiter the final flare is easily performed under all conditions and VG configurations Close to the ground though you should not have more than 75 VG on in order to ensure a fast response time for your glider When landing in turbulent conditions it is better to leave the VG off e After the approach fly your final leg into the wind at a medium high speed e When you are close to the ground slow down smoothly flying parallel to the ground and gradually easing up the speedbar e As soon as you feel that the glider is about to stall flare With less wind you should flare harder If the ground wind speed is above 16 km h it is not necessary to flare strongly 9 Trim When the glider is assembled the sail must be placed on the frame in such a way that the tension is perfectly symmetric Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 17 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 The sail s tension
20. it no more than 15 mm measured from the tube holding the tip so that the end of the fibreglass tip rises Make sure you raise the tip opposite to the turn direction i e if the glider has a right turn tendency raise the left tip 9 2 Trim Speed It is possible to regulate trim speed by changing the hang point amongst the six holes on the keel By moving the hang point forward the glider will fly faster and vice versa With a higher trim speed the glider tends to drop the wing less during turns An excessively low trim speed considerably reduces manoeuvrability WARNING move the hang point forwards or backwards only one hole at a time The minimum and maximum positions are limited to the six holes on the keel supplied by our factory 10 Reflex and Dihedral The amount of reflex and dihedral is extremely important The following checks should be performed with the glider fully rigged There are 3 main points to check e Points 1 2 are on the trailing edge and are used for checking the reflex These tests should be performed with the VG on its tightest setting and the keel supported so that it is horizontal Battens are numbered outwards from the keel e Point 3 is at the end of the leading edge tube where the tip wand is inserted and is used for checking the dihedral This test should be performed with the glider lying on its back the VG at its tightest setting and the side wires tight For each test take a length of nylon fi
21. lots before launching Trust those who advise prudence and do not be let yourself be influenced by pilots showing excessive self confidence or brash disregard If in doubt do not fly 3 3 Turbulence e In turbulent conditions gusts of descending air can induce sudden powerful negative forces on the glider such negative forces must be avoided e Do not fly in turbulent conditions or on the lee side of a mountain this is extremely risky in strong winds 3 4 Aerobatic flying e Aerobatic flight includes flying with bank angles greater than 60 pitch angles greater than 30 whip stalls wingovers loops and spins AEROBATIC FLIGHT CAN BE FATAL IT IS THEREFORE PROHIBITED BY ICARO 2000 AND BY THE GERMAN CERTIFICATION FEDERATION DHV 4 Transport 4 1 By Car The glider can be seriously damaged during car transportation a well padded roof rack is essential to avoid damage For additional safety and support we strongly suggest the installation of a front rack on your vehicle There are good racks on the market specially designed for glider transport these can easily be fixed to normal roof racks Ask your dealer for details Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 6 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 4 2 By Gondola or Cable car To avoid any damage when transporting your glider on a cable car it is best to supervise the loading and unloading of the glider 4 3 By Plane Your glider needs to be well protect
22. ositioning the Aluminum tip Note In the pictures shown below you will see the battens already inserted in the sail Remember that it is important and better to position the tip before inserting the battens e Hold the rear part of the tip not attached to the leading edge tube located the outer section of the wing and rotate it towards the trailing edge until it is inside the sail Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 9 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 e Make sure that the tip wire is free and running parallel to the tip it must not be twisted around it In order to complete the positioning of the tip you have to close the zipper on the sail this should be done after the battens have been inserted e Repeat the same procedure for the other wing 5 1 4 Inserting the Battens e The red battens are for the left wing and the green battens are for the right wing Take them out of the bag and lay them down on the ground on the correct side e Start from the centre of the hang glider begin with the longest one and continue outwards until you have inserted the shortest batten Place each one into its batten pocket and secure it on the trailing edge Then insert the straight battens into their pockets on the double surface Note The number of battens may vary according to the hang glider model The nose battens are never removed from the glider 5 1 5 Final Steps e It is now possible to close the alumini
23. rkshop to be adjusted IMPORTANT do not modify the reflex wires or the lateral wires and above all do not lengthen the reflex wires If you change the glider in such ways its certification is no longer valid and its behaviour will become dangerous Always consult qualified staff Any modifications made by non qualified staff automatically invalidate the certification of your hang glider 11 Repair and Periodic Inspections Every year or after 100 hours MANDATORY e Replace the side wires e Compare your batten profile with the supplied batten plan e Check the reflex and dihedral as described in the previous chapter Every 2 years MANDATORY This check performed by qualified personnel is mandatory in Germany e Havea complete check performed by an authorized dealer or directly by Icaro 2000 e Replace all bottom wires e Remove the sail and carefully check the frame for bends dents corrosion or other damage e Check that all bolts are tight and not damaged Every 5 years or after 500 hours MANDATORY This check performed by qualified personnel is mandatory in Germany e The glider should be checked by an authorised dealer or directly by our factory e The sail will be replaced if necessary e damaged or worn parts will be replaced Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 19 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 After a crash or heavy landing e Carefully check the whole glider Sometimes the imp
24. safety and enjoyment The Orbiter was specifically conceived to offer pilots maximum flying pleasure without penalising performance while also guaranteeing high standards in terms of glider behaviour and predictability contributing to safety This hang glider was designed for pilots of average experience who wish to begin exploring the potential of hang glider flying with cross country flights of some distance The Orbiter will also be enjoyed by pilots of long experience for whom flying is nothing else but pure pleasure 8 1 Variable Geometry The Orbiter can be supplied with the variable geometry VG system Pulling the VG cord moves the crossbar backwards Thereby it increases the nose angle tightens the sail and substantially changes twist washout and airfoil geometry Pulling the variable geometry improves sink rate and gliding angle Therefore VG should be tight in all those conditions in which maximum efficiency and speed is required Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 16 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 When VG is loose handling improves VG should therefore be totally or partially released in all those conditions in which maximum handling sensitivity is required such as when near the ground at take off if turbulent conditions are likely just after launch in thermals and when landing In order to further improve handling all Icaro s gliders are fitted with swivel tips This is a special system
25. shing line and stretch it tightly between the corresponding points on each wing Measure the vertical distance from the line to the top edge of the keel In each case the measurement must be within the tolerances shown in the following tables Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 18 22 Edition Dec 2006 Crossbar cable length that these measurements should refer to The above reflex measurements refer to very precise nose angles For every different nose angle the wing should have a corresponding reflex The maximum nose angle attainable with VG full on is determined by the crossbar cable running parallel to the crossbar Therefore the measurements given above are only valid for the following crossbar cable measurement Modell Orbiter S 1160 mm 1080 mm If your glider measurements do not comply with those above you must take your glider to an authorized dealer or directly to the 2000 factory for the necessary adjustments Note the negative measurements for example position 2 indicate that the Nylon cord should be 5 mm beneath the upper part of the keel The same side of the keel is used for all measurements the upper side Even for position 3 you must measure from the upper side which in this case will be underneath because the glider is upside down If your measurements fall outside the limits you should send your glider to an authorized ICARO wo
26. ssbar leading edge junction is properly secured by the nut and bolt e Side wire is in perfect condition and runs in the right direction e zip is completely closed e Crossbar is not damaged Left Wingtip e leading edge tube is not damaged The integrated fibreglass tip lever is correctly positioned and the sail is tight The end zipper is closed The sail at the wingtip is flat The tip compensation wire is unobstructed and slides freely The aluminium tip is mounted and the cable is not twisted around it The zipper is completely closed Left Wing Battens e All upper battens are inserted and properly secured at the trailing edge e Alllower battens are inserted and properly secured e reflex wires are not tangled Rear Keel e All nuts and bolts on the rear section of the keel are firmly tightened The crossbar tension plate is secured in place by the spring buttons Tension strap is in good order VG pulleys are in good condition and the cord is not twisted Lower rear wires are in perfect condition Detachable rear section of the keel is inserted into the main keel and held in position by the spring button The kingpost cap holding the upper cables is correctly inserted into the kingpost The upper wires are in good condition and not intertwined Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 11 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 e The rear upper wire is fixed to the keel by means of its sprin
27. te In the pictures below you will see the battens still inserted in the sail but the tip should be rotated only after all battens have been removed Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 13 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 Open the wingtip zipper and take out the transversal carbon batten Grasp the tip lever by the cord and pull it towards the outside Unhook the tip lever with the cord and pull it towards the outer side Stand in front of the glider at the wingtip and hold the end of the leading edge tube with one hand and the fibreglass tip lever with the other Bend not pull the tip towards the trailing edge and at the same time rotate the lever cap outwards removing it from the tip Remove the fibreglass tip and put it together with the other straight battens Rotate the tip lever inwards and close the zipper 7 1 2 Folding the sail wingtips e With one tip bag in your pocket stand in front of the leading edge e Hold the extremity of the wing by grasping the tip lever bolt pull it towards the nose and put it along the lower side of the leading edge The wingtip will be between you and the leading edge Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 14 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 Holding the extremity of the wing in this position take the sail by the trailing edge and lift it upwards until it is tight and from this position roll in the sail starting from the trailing edge
28. tension than on the other models therefore it is possible to hook the cross bar in before inserting the battens This sequence must be followed in order to prevent the compensator tip wires from causing problems while assembling the hang glider Detach the nose cone Velcro Take the shackle that is attached to the front wires and secure it to the nose hook In order to do this you need to force the nose slightly downwards using the handle fitted for this purpose Note On our hang gliders there is a small safety cord attached to the shackle on the front wires This has the effect that if the crossbar is not completely opened it is impossible to hook the front wires in At the same time once the front wires are secured it will be impossible to close the glider even when the crossbar is not locked open Remember that having secured the front wires does not necessarily mean that the crossbar is also hooked in In the event that the crossbar is not hooked in the safety cord will prevent the wing from closing after take off but in this case it is essential to head straight for the landing field without making any brusque manoeuvres Do not therefore omit this point from your pre flight checklist Replace the nose cone You will only need to secure the lower Velcro strips because on the upper part there is an elastic cord that guides the nose cone into place IMPORTANT do not lift the keel at the rear if the crossbar has not been completely open
29. the leading edge Mylar Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 15 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 Put the nose cone under the Velcro tie closest to the nose Put the glider bag onto the hang glider Turn the hang glider over and lay it carefully on the ground Unhook the speedbar and place the protection over the downtube tips This protects the sail from damage While lowering the downtubes make sure that all the wires pass between the downtubes and are not tangled Also check that the hang strap is not twisted under the downtubes Place the downtubes between the leading edges inside the sail e Place the battens and the speedbar into the rear part of the glider cover To do this you will have to undo one or more Velcro ties and then refasten them e Close the zipper and load the glider onto the car drive carefully 7 2 Flat Disassembly 7 2 1 Starting Point e Position the hang glider with the nose into the wind e Remove the nose fairing and unhook the nose wires e Release crossbar tension by pushing the spring buttons and releasing the tension plate let it slide into the sail e Lower the hang glider down on the ground by pulling it towards you Note make sure that the sail is loose Now proceed in the same order as indicated for Disassembly on the A frame therefore return to page 14 8 Hints and Tips In this section we provide some suggestions with the aim of ensuring maximum flight
30. um tip zippers Simply closing the zippers will automatically secure the position of the tips by means of a special ribbon e Close the zipper making sure that both zip pulls are near the nose By doing this the crossbar safety cord is almost completely enclosed inside the sail e Now place the nose fairing in its final position All that you have to do is to position the lower Velcro strip fasteners because the upper part is guided into the correct position by an elastic cord e Pass the VG cord through the jam cleat on the speedbar Assembly is now complete now perform the assembly check 5 2 Flat Assembly Position the hang glider on the ground with the nose into the wind 5 2 1 Starting Point e Open the bag lay down the down tubes and secure the speedbar with the push pins and the safety rings Do not forget the safety rings The Competition A Frame does not have these rings Make sure that the camber of the speedbar is facing the nose of the hang glider Turn the hang glider over but leave it on the ground Remove the glider bag and the remaining Velcro ties Open the wings keeping them low with respect to the ground Note follow the same steps as for the Assembly on the A frame therefore return to page 8 5 2 2 Final Steps e Rest the hang glider on the A frame Icaro Orbiter User s manual Page 10 22 20 01 07 Edition Dec 2006 IMPORTANT do not lift the keel at the rear if the crossbar
31. where you are assembling the glider is not flat point the nose of the glider towards the top of the slope 5 1 1 Starting Point Open the glider bag remove the Velcro ties pull the uprights out and fix the speedbar with the pushpins and safety rings Do not forget the safety rings The competition A Frame does not have these rings Make sure that the camber of the speedbar faces the nose of the glider When you turn the glider over the centre of the speedbar touches the ground first carbon speedbars can only be assembled the right way before the extremities of the A frame Turn the glider over and lean it on the A frame so it stands stably Remove the glider bag and any remaining Velcro ties Fix the nose fairing temporarily using just the Velcro strips on the lower side this preliminary operation is useful in preventing the appearance of unwanted folds in the nose cover while tensioning the cross bar Raise the kingpost Open the wings completely keeping the tips close to the ground and leaving the tip covers on Attach the rear wire to the keel If you hook in the front cables first you will not be able to fix the rear cable Make sure that the VG is totally released and that the wings are completely open Pull the bungee on the rear part of the keel until you can grasp the handle Pull it until you reach the small bolt on the keel and hook the plate in by pushing the two spring buttons on the Z8 with loose VG the sail has less
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