OWNER`S MANUAL - Libero
Contents
1. 1 ERASE button Erases Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs and Freeze Frame data from your vehicle s computer and resets Monitor status 2 DTC SCROLL button Displays the DTC View screen and or scrolls the LCD display to view DTCs when more than one DTC is present 3 POWER LINK button When the CanScan IS NOT connected to a vehicle turns the CanScan On and Off When the CanScan is connected to a vehicle links the CanScan to the vehicle s PCM to retrieve diagnostic data from the Computer e memory 4 ENTER FREEZE FRAME button When in MENU mode confirms the selected option or value When retrieving and viewing DTCs displays Freeze Frame data for the highest priority code D900 CanScan 9 Code Reader Controls CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 5 GA DOWN button When in MENU mode scrolls DOWN through the menu and submenu selection options When retrieving and viewing DTCs scrolls down through the current display screen to display any additional data 6 UN UP button When in MENU mode scrolls UP through the menu and submenu selection options When retrieving and viewing DTCs scrolls ups through the current display screen to display any additional data 7 GREEN LED Indicates that all engine systems are running normally all Monitors on the vehicle are active and performing their diagnostic testing and no DTCs are present 8 YELLOW LED Indicates there is a possible problem A Pending DTC is pre2. Always refer to the vehicle s service manual for detailed testing instructions Check your vehicle thoroughly before performing any test See Preparation for Testing on page 20 for details ALWAYS observe safety precautions whenever working on a vehicle See Safety Precautions on page 4 for more information 1 Turn the ignition off 2 Locate the vehicle s 16 pin Data Link Connector DLC See page 6 for connector location Some DLCs have a plastic cover that L lt _1 must be removed before connecting the CanScan cable connector If the CanScan is ON turn it OFF by pressing the POWER LINK button BEFORE connecting the CanScan to the DLC 3 Connect the CanScan cable connector to the vehicle s DLC The cable connector is keyed and will only fit one way gt If you have problems connecting the cable connector to the DLC rotate the connector 180 and try again gt If you still have problems check the DLC on the vehicle and on the CanScan Refer to your vehicle s service manual to properly check the vehicle s DLC D900 CanScan 1 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 4 When the CanScan s cable connector is i eria properly connected to the vehicle s DLC the TO Ll N K unit automatically turns ON and the LOD Cannectthe DLC to display shows instructions for linking to the theyehicle vehicle s on board computer Turn the ignition on Press the LINK button gt If th
3. frame data and LED information to aid in the troubleshooting procedure gt To prolong battery life the CanScan automatically shuts Off approximately three minutes after it is disconnected from the vehicle The DTCs retrieved Monitor Status and Freeze Frame data if any will remain in the CanScan s memory and may be viewed at any time by turning the unit On If the CanScan s batteries are removed or if the CanScan is relinked to a vehicle to retrieve codes data any prior codes data in its memory are automatically cleared D900 CanScan 26 Using the Code Reader ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Te When the CanScan s ERASE function is used to erase DTCs from the vehicle s on board computer manufacturer specific enhanced data are also erased If you plan to take the vehicle to a Service Center TO RAS E SS for repair DO NOT erase the codes from the vehicle s computer If the codes are erased the vehicle valuable information that might help the Turn the ianition on technician troubleshoot the problem will also be Fress the ERASE erased Button Connect the OLG to Erase DTCs from the computer s memory as follows When DTCs are erased from the vehicle s computer memory the I M Readiness Monitor Status program resets the status of all Monitors to a not run flashing condition To set all of the Monitors to a DONE status an OBD 2 Drive Cycl
4. parts become very hot when the engine is running To prevent severe burns avoid contact with hot engine parts Before starting an engine for testing or trouble shooting make sure the parking brake is engaged Put the transmission in park for automatic transmission or neutral for manual transmission Block the drive wheels with suitable blocks Connecting or disconnecting test equipment when the ignition is ON can damage test equipment and the vehicle s electronic components Turn the ignition OFF before connecting the CanScan to or disconnecting the CanScan from the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST To prevent damage to the on board computer when taking vehicle electrical measurements always use a digital multimeter with at least 10 megOhms of impedance Fuel and battery vapors are highly flammable To pre vent an explosion keep all sparks heated items and open flames away from the battery and fuel fuel vapors DO NOT SMOKE NEAR THE VEHICLE DUR ING TESTING Don t wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an engine Loose clothing can become caught in the fan pulleys belts etc Jewelry is highly conductive and can cause a severe burn if it makes contact between a power source and ground D900 CanScan 5 About the Code Reader VEHICLES COVERED BATTERY REPLACEMENT About the CanScan VEHICLES COVERED The D900 CanScan is designed to work on all OBD 2 com
5. progress Press the LINK butten to View the current gt If the erase was successful a confirmation DTCs and M message shows on the LCD display Press Ee the POWERILINK button to return to the DTC screen gt lf the erase was not successful an advisory ErasehasFalled message shows on the LCD display Verify Veryfy the connection that the CanScan is properly connected to tthe ple the vehicle s DLS and that the ignition is on Yerify that theignition then repeat steps 2 and 3 above switch 1s ON Erasing DTCs does not fix the problem s that caused the code s to be set If proper repairs to correct the problem that caused the code s to be set are not made the code s will appear again and the check engine light will illuminate as soon as the vehicle is driven long enough for its Monitors to complete their testing D900 CanScan 28
6. requirements These laws required that vehicle manufacturers to equip their new vehicles with devices capable of meeting all of the new emissions standards and regulations It was also decided that an enhanced on board diagnostic system capable of addressing all of these problems was needed This new system is known as On Board Diagnostics Generation Two OBD 2 The primary objective of the OBD 2 system is to comply with the latest regulations and emissions standards established by CARB and the EPA The Main Objectives of the OBD 2 System are gt To detect degraded and or failed emissions related components or systems that could cause tailpipe emissions to exceed by 1 5 times the Federal Test Procedure FTP standard D900 CanScan 15 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs gt To expand emissions related system monitoring This includes a set of computer run diagnostics called Monitors Monitors perform diagnostics and testing to verify that all emissions related components and or systems are operating correctly and within the manufacturer s specifications gt To use a Standardized Diagnostic Link Connector DLC in all vehicles Before OBD 2 DLCs were of different shapes and sizes gt To standardize the code numbers code definitions and language used to describe faults Before OBD 2 each vehicle manufacturer used their own code numbers code definitions and language to describe the same faults g
7. sensors fuel injectors etc Sensors and switches are input devices They provide signals representing current engine operating conditions to the computer Actuators are output devices They perform actions in response to commands received from the computer The on board computer receives information inputs from sensors and switches located throughout the engine These devices monitor critical engine conditions such as coolant temperature engine speed engine load throttle position air fuel ratio etc TYPICAL COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES CONTROL SYSTEM Fuel Injectors idle Air Control EGR Valve Ignition Module S N BN Computer INPUT DEVICES Coolant Temperature Sensor Throttle Position Sensor Fuel Injectors INPUT DEVICES Oxygen Sensors D900 CanScan 13 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs The computer compares the values received from these sensors with its preset reference values and makes corrective actions as needed so that the sensor values always match the preset reference values for the current driving condition The computer makes adjustments by commanding other devices such as the fuel injectors idle air control EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these actions Vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing The computer continuously makes adjustments or corrections especially to the air fuel mixture and spark timing to keep all the engine systems operating within the pre
8. upper lower right hand corner of the code display area to indicate the presence of additional information Use the amp and buttons as necessary to view the additional information gt If the code being displayed is a PENDING code the PENDING icon is shown Malfunction gt The Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC and related code definition are shown in the lower section of the LCD display In the case of long code definitions or when viewing Freeze Frame data a small arrow is shown in the upper lower right hand corner of the code display area to indicate the presence of additional information Use the amp and buttons as necessary to view the additional information 9 Read and interpret Diagnostic Trouble Codes system condition using the LCD display and the green yellow and red LEDs The green yellow and red LEDs are used with the LCD display as visual aids to make it easier to determine engine system conditions D900 CanScan 93 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE gt Green LED Indicates that all engine systems are OK and operating normally All monitors supported by the vehicle have run and per formed their diagnostic testing and no trouble codes are present A zero will show on the CanScan s LCD display Yellow LED Indicates one of the following conditions A PENDING CODE IS PRESENT If the yellow LED is illuminated it may indicate a Pending code is p
9. Cycle for a particular Monitor begins when the ignition key is turned On It is successfully completed when all the Enabling Criteria for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met by the time the ignition key is turned Off Since each of the eleven monitors is designed to run diagnostics and testing on a different part of the engine or emissions system the Trip Drive Cycle needed for each individual Monitor to run and complete varies gt OBD 2 Drive Cycle An OBD 2 Drive Cycle is an extended set of driving procedures that takes into consideration the various types of driving conditions encountered in real life These conditions may include starting the vehicle when it is cold driving the vehicle at a steady speed cruising accelerating etc An OBD 2 Drive Cycle begins when the ignition key is turned On when cold and ends when the vehicle has been driven in such a way as to have all the Enabling Criteria met for all its applicable Monitors Only those trips that provide the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors applicable to the vehicle to run and complete their individual diagnostic tests qualify as an OBD 2 Drive Cycle OBD 2 Drive Cycle requirements vary from one model of vehicle to another Vehicle manufacturers set these procedures Consult your vehicle s service manual for OBD 2 Drive Cycle procedures Do not confuse a Trip Drive Cycle with an OBD 2 Drive Cycle A Tri
10. D300 CanScan OWNER S MANUAL POWER Table of Contents Jee e IT de EE H EE EE Mee 3 Salety CAE ONS E 4 ota 0 E EE 4 ADout WSC CAIN EE 6 VPA TTS CY PD E 6 RAN RE ER E E RE 7 ADJUSIMENI SAND SLTIINGS EE 7 AM eG ANN ee e dd ER d EE EE H 1B hey E i EE Il GREEN 12 COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS eege EE deeg 12 OBD 2 TCVMINOl OY sicinsnracsiteebiaandiasenssisisatanasiodasesesleassaswtindnnacsiaadiaansnsaresailardoassiacasadsibedaesoiocasadeilsasdoanss 16 DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCS sccsccsccescessescescescescescesceseescessescescesseseescesceseeseeseeseesees 18 Wee Tor KT dl e DE 20 PO IE OE E aran a E E EE E E A EEA EEA E A E A 20 Using Me Can SCAN WE 21 CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE sinerien eae ee eiio iee raian arana 21 ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCel Zh D900 CanScan 1 Introduction WHAT IS OBD introduction WHAT IS OBD The D900 CanScan is designed to work on all OBD 2 compliant vehicles All 1996 and newer vehicles cars light trucks and SUVs sold in the United States are OBD 2 compliant One of the most exciting improvements in the automobile industry was the addition of on board diagnostics OBD on vehicles or in more basic terms the computer that activates the vehicle s CHECK ENGINE light OBD 1 was designed to monitor manufacturer specific systems on vehicles built from 1981 to 1995 Then came the development of OBD 2 which is on all 1996 and newer vehicles sold in the U S Like its pr
11. OBD 2 compliant Only those vehicles with a Vehicle Emissions Control Label stating OBD II Certified are OBD 2 compliant D900 CanScan 6 About the Code Reader VEHICLES COVERED BATTERY REPLACEMENT Data Link Connector DLC Location The 16 pin DLC is usually located under the instrument panel dash within 12 inches 800 mm of center of the panel on the drivers side of most vehicles It should be j easily accessible and visible from a kneeling position outside the vehicle with the door CARS open x AILL BEHIND ASHTRAY LEFT CORNER OF DASH OF DASH On some Asian and European vehicles the DLC is located behind the ashtray the ashtray must be removed to access it or on the far left corner of the dash If the DLC cannot be located consult the vehicle s service manual for the location BATTERY REPLACEMENT 1 Locate the battery cover on the back of the CanScan 2 Slide the battery cover off use your fingers 3 Replace batteries with three AA size batteries for longer life use Alkaline type batteries 4 Reinstall the battery cover on the back of the CanScan ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS To enter the MENU Mode 1 Press and hold the UP button then press and release the POWERI LINK button gt The adjustments and setting MENU displays 2 DO NOT release the UP button until the adjustments and settings MENU is visible on the display 3 Make adjustments and set
12. ase in fuel prices over a short period As a result vehicle manufacturers were not only required to comply with the new emissions standards they also had to make their vehicles more fuel efficient Most vehicles were required to meet a miles per gallon MPG standard set by the U S Federal Government Precise fuel delivery and spark timing are needed to reduce vehicle emissions Mechanical engine controls in use at the time Such as ignition points mechanical spark advance and the carburetor responded too slowly to driving conditions to properly control fuel delivery and spark timing This made it difficult for vehicle manufacturers to meet the new standards A new Engine Control System had to be designed and integrated with the engine controls to meet the stricter standards The new system had to gt Respond instantly to supply the proper mixture of air and fuel for any driving condition idle cruising low speed driving high speed driving etc gt Calculate instantly the best time to ignite the air fuel mixture for maximum engine efficiency gt Perform both these tasks without affecting vehicle performance or fuel economy Vehicle Computer Control Systems can perform millions of calculations each second This makes them an ideal substitute for the slower mechanical engine controls By switching from mechanical to electronic engine controls vehicle manufacturers are able to control fuel delivery and spark timing more precise
13. computer memory gt If the CanScan fails to link to the vehicle s Unableto establish a computer a Linking Failed message ink with thevehicle shows on the CanScan s LCD display Verify the connection Verify the connection at the DLC and Verity the verify the ignition is ON Iqnitionis ON and Press LINK button Turn the ignition OFF wait 5 seconds D900 CanScan 22 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE then turn back ON to reset the computer Ensure your vehicle is OBD2 compliant See Vehicles Covered on page 6 for vehicle compliance verification information gt The CanScan will display a code only if codes are present in the vehicle s computer memory If no codes are present a 0 is displayed gt The CanScan is capable of retrieving and storing up to 32 codes in memory for immediate or later viewing 8 To read the display Te Refer to Display Functions on page 11 for a description of LCD display elements gt A visible icon indicates that the CanScan is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector gt A visible icon 2 amp indicates that the CanScan is linked to communicating with the vehicle s computer gt The Diagnostic Trouble Code DIC and TAO ES related code definition are shown in the PO 1 01 PENDING lower section of the LCD display In the Mass or Yolume Air ag Flow Circuit case of long code definitions a small arrow is shown in the
14. e must be performed Refer to your vehicle s service manual for information on how to perform an OBD 2 Drive Cycle for the vehicle under test The CanScan must be connected to the vehicle s DLC to erase the codes from the computers memory If you press EN the ERASE button when the Ve Ach CanScan is not connected to the vehicle s DLC the erase instruction screen displays 1 If not connected already connect the CanScan to the vehicle s DLC and turn the ignition On If the CanScan is already connected and linked to the vehicle s computer proceed directly to step 4 If not continue to step 2 2 Turn the ignition on DO NOT start the engine Press and release the POWERILINK i button to establish communication with the vehicle s computer i Erasing clearsall DITOS 3 Press and release the ERASE Ebutton A Freeze Frame Data confirmation message shows on the LCD display Sid resets IM Monitors If you are sure you want to proceed press the Are you sure ERASE MiBbutton aga as Gifts tote tw Press ERASE Dutton again to erase S trom the No Press LINK To Exit vehicle s computer D900 CanScan 27 Using the Code Reader ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs If you do not want to continue with the erase process press the POWERILINK button to exit the erase mode Erasewas successful 4 If you chose to erase DTCs a progress screen displays while the erase function is in
15. e s computer 5 Vehicle icon i Link icon Sex Internal Battery icon as Vehicle icon Indicates whether or not the CanScan is being properly powered through the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC A visible icon indicates that the CanScan is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector x Link icon Indicates whether or not the CanScan is communicating linked with the vehicle s on board computer When visible the CanScan is communicating with the computer If the Link icon is not visible the CanScan is not communicating with the computer CanScan Internal Battery icon When visible indicates the CanScan batteries are low and should be replaced 6 PENDING icon Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a Pending code D900 CanScan 11 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Introduction of Electronic Engine Controls Electronic Computer Control Systems make it possible for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the tougher emissions and fuel efficiency standards mandated by State and Federal As a result of increased air pollution smog in large cities such as Los Angeles the California Air Resources Board CARB and the Environmental Protection Agency EPA set new regulations and air pollution standards to deal with the problem To further complicate matters the energy crisis of the early 1970s caused a sharp incre
16. e unit does not power on automatically when connected to the vehicle s DLC connector it usually indicates there is no power present at the vehicle s DLC connector Check your fuse panel and replace any burned out fuses gt I f replacing the fuse s does not correct the problem consult your vehicle s repair manual to identify the proper computer PCM fuse circuit and perform any necessary repairs before proceeding 5 Turn the ignition on DO NOT start the engine 6 Press and release the CanScan s POWER LINK button gt The CanScan will automatically start a check of the vehicle s computer to nemoment determine which type of communication Progress protocol it is using When the CanScan identifies the computer s communication Detectingthe protocol a communication link is Pratacolin established The protocol type used by the TSD VP Vi vehicle s computer is shown on the LCD display A PROTOCOL is a set of rules and procedures for regulating data transmission between computers and between testing equipment and computers As of this writing five different types of protocols ISO 914 Keyword 2000 J1850 PWM 1850 VPW and CAN are in use by vehicle manufacturers The CanScan automatically identifies the protocol type and establishes a communication link with the vehicle s computer 7 After approximately 4 5 seconds the CanScan will retrieve and display any Diagnostic Trouble Codes retrieved from the vehicle s
17. edecessor OBD 2 was adopted as part of a government mandate to lower vehicle emissions But what makes OBD 2 unique is its universal application for all late model cars and trucks domestic and import This sophisticated program in the vehicles main computer system is designed to detect failures in a range of systems and can be accessed through a universal OBD 2 port which is usually found under the dashboard For all OBD systems if a problem is found the computer turns on the CHECK ENGINE light to warn the driver and sets a Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC to identify where the problem occurred A special diagnostic tool such as the D900 CanScan is required to retrieve these codes which consumers and professionals use as a starting point for repairs To learn more about vehicle Computer Control Systems and OBD 2 see COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS on page 12 D900 CanScan 2 You Can Do It EASY TO USE EASY TO VIEW You Can Do It Easy To Use gt Connect the CanScan to the vehicle s test connector Turn the ignition key On Press the LINK button Easy To View gt The CanScan retrieves stored codes Freeze Frame data and UM Readiness Status gt Codes I M Readiness status and Freeze Frame data are displayed on the CanScan s LCD display screen System status is indicated by LED indicators Easy To Define gt Read code definitions from the CanScan s LCD display gt Vi
18. ew Freeze Frame data D900 CanScan gn PO 101 p noine Mass or Volume Alr Flow Circuit Malfunction FOGG Ga Freeze Frame Data Fuel system Bank CL USING HOSS Calculated Load LU UU Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST To avoid personal injury instrument damage and or damage to your vehicle do not use the CAN OBD2 Code Reader before reading this manual This manual describes common test procedures used by experienced service technicians Many test procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that can result in personal injury and or damage to vehicle s service manual and follow its safety precautions before and your vehicle or test equipment Always read your during any test or service procedure ALWAYS observe the following general safety precautions D900 CanScan When an engine is running it produces carbon monoxide a toxic and poisonous gas To prevent serious injury or death from carbon monoxide poisoning operate the vehicle ONLY in a well ventilated area To protect your eyes from propelled objects as well as hot or caustic liquids always wear approved safety eye protection When an engine is running many parts such as the coolant fan pulleys fan belt etc turn at high speed To avoid serious injury always be aware of moving parts Keep a safe distance from these parts as well as other potentially moving objects Engine
19. ions of the OBD 1 System the OBD 2 System has been enhanced with new Diagnostic Programs These programs closely monitor the functions of various emissions related components and systems as well as other systems and make this information readily available with the proper equipment to the technician for evaluation The OBD 2 System is an enhancement of the OBD 1 System The California Air Resources Board CARB conducted studies on OBD 1 equipped vehicles The information that was gathered from these studies showed the following gt A large number of vehicles had deteriorating or degraded emissions related components These components were causing an increase in emissions gt Because OBD 1 systems only detect failed components the degraded components were not setting codes gt Some emissions problems related to degraded components only occur when the vehicle is being driven under a load The emission checks being conducted at the time were not performed under simulated driving conditions As a result a significant number of vehicles with degraded components were passing Emissions Tests gt Codes code definitions diagnostic connectors communication protocols and emissions terminology were different for each manufacturer This caused confusion for the technicians working on different make and model vehicles To address the problems made evident by this study CARB and the EPA passed new laws and standardization
20. le manufacturer When an Enhanced Manufacturer specific DTC is retrieved the LCD display shows a list of vehicle manufacturers Use the UP and Select Manufacturer A cure Alfa Romeo Audi Ford Geo ahl DOWN buttons as necessary to highlight the appropriate manufacturer then press the ENTER FF Dutton to display the correct code definition D900 CanScan 24 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE for your vehicle 10 Freeze Frame Data if available can be viewed at any time except MENU mode by pressing the ENTER FF GT utton gt In OBD2 systems when an emissions related engine malfunction occurs that causes a DIC to set a record or snapshot of engine conditions at the time that the Fuel System Bank malfunction occurred is also saved in the SL USING HOS vehicle s computer memory The record Cajeulated Load saved is called Freeze Frame data Saved 0 00 engine conditions include but are not limited to engine speed open or closed loop operation fuel system commands coolant temperature calculated load value fuel pressure vehicle speed air flow rate and intake manifold pressure 11 If more than one code was retrieved press the DTC SCROLL tuten as necessary to display additional codes one at a time FOGG Freeze Frame Data gt Whenever the Scroll function is used to view additional codes the CanScan s communication link with the vehicle s computer disconnects To
21. ly some newer Computer Control Systems also provide control over other vehicle functions such as transmission brakes charging body and Suspension systems D900 CanScan 12 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs The Basic Engine Computer Control System The Computer Control System consists of an on board computer and several related control devices Sensors switches and actuators The on board computer is the heart of the Computer Control System The computer contains several programs with preset reference values for air fuel ratio spark or ignition timing injector pulse width engine speed etc Separate values are provided for various driving conditions such as idle low speed driving high speed driving low load or high load The preset reference values represent the ideal air fuel mixture spark timing transmission gear selection etc for any driving condition These values are programmed by the vehicle manufacturer and are specific to each vehicle model Most on board computers are located inside the vehicle behind the dashboard under the passenger s or driver s seat or behind the right kick panel However some manufacturers may still position it in the engine compartment Vehicle sensors switches and actuators are located throughout the engine and are connected by electrical wiring to the on board computer These devices include oxygen sensors coolant temperature sensors throttle position
22. p Drive Cycle provides the Enabling Criteria for one specific Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing An OBD 2 Drive Cycle must meet the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors on a particular vehicle to run and complete their diagnostic testing gt Warm up Cycle Vehicle operation after an engine off period where engine temperature rises at least 40 F 22 C from its temperature before Starting and reaches at least 160 F 70 C The PCM uses warm up D900 CanScan 17 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs cycles as a counter to automatically erase a specific code and related data from its memory When no faults related to the original problem are detected within a specified number of warm up cycles the code is erased automatically DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs are meant to guide you to the proper service procedure Diagnostic Trouble in the vehicle s service manual DO NOT Codes DTCs are replace parts based only on DTCs without codes that identify a first consulting the vehicle s service manual specific problem area for proper testing procedures for that particular system circuit or component DTCs are alohanumeric codes that are used to identify a problem that is present in any of the systems that are monitored by the on board computer PCM Each trouble code has an assigned message that identifies the circuit component or system area where
23. pliant vehicles All 1996 and newer vehicles cars and light trucks sold in the United States are OBD 2 compliant Federal law requires that all 1996 and newer cars and light trucks sold in the United States must be OBD 2 compliant this includes all Domestic Asian and European vehicles Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles are OBD 2 compliant To find out if a 1994 or 1995 vehicle is OBD 2 compliant check the following 1 The Vehicle Emissions Control Information VECI Label This label is located under the hood or by the radiator of most vehicles If the vehicle is OBD 2 compliant the label will state OBD Il Certified VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION ENGINE FAMILY EFN2 6YBT2BA OBD 2 DISPLACEMENT 2 6L CERTIFIED VEHICLE THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U S EPA AND STATE MANUFACTURER OF CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO 1999 MODEL YEAR NEW TLEV PASSENGER CARS OBD il REFER TO SERVICE MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TUNE UP CONDITIONS NORMAL OPERATING ENGINE TEMPERATURE CERTIFI ED ACCESSORIES OFF COOLING FAN OFF TRANSMISSION IN NEUTRAL EXHAUST EMISSIONS STANDARDS STANDARD CATEGORY CERTIFICATION TLEV IN USE TLEV INTERMEDIATE SPARK PLUG TYPE NGK BPRE 11 CATALYST GAP 1 1MM 2 Government Regulations require that all c OBD 2 compliant vehicles must have a O Fese o common sixteen pin Data Link Connector ohonah2hah4hshe DLC some 1994 and 1995 vehicles have 16 pin connectors but are not
24. re establish communication press the POWER LINK button again If more than one malfunction is present that causes more than one DTC to be set only the code with the highest priority will contain Freeze Frame data The code designated 01 on the CanScan display is referred to as the PRIORITY code and Freeze Frame data always refers to this code The priority code is also the one that has commanded the MIL on If Freeze Frame data is not available for the code shown on the LCD display when the ENTER FF button is NOFreezeFrame Data are Presently stored pressed an advisoory message shows aiee e on the LCD display Press the DTC Com puter SCROLL button to return to the Pressthe DTC button previous code display To Return 12 Determine engine system s condition by viewing the CanScan s LCD display for any retrieved Diagnostic Trouble Codes code definitions Freeze Frame data and interpreting the green yellow and red LEDs gt If DTC s were retrieved and you are going to perform the repairs yourself proceed by consulting the Vehicle s Service Repair Manual for testing instructions testing procedures and flow charts related to retrieved code s gt If you plan to take the vehicle to a professional to have it serviced D900 CanScan 25 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE complete the Preliminary Vehicle Diagnosis Worksheet on page 27 and take it together with the retrieved codes freeze
25. resent Check the CanScan s LCD display for confirmation A LU ao No OTCs are Presently atored in the vehicle s computer PO10 Tedi ne 7 Wass or Volume Alr Flow Circuit Malfunction Pending code is confirmed by the presence of a numeric code and the word PENDING on the CanScan s LCD display B MONITOR NOT RUN STATUS If the CanScan s LCD display shows a zero indicating there are no DTC s present in the vehicle s computer memory but the yellow LED is illuminated it may be an indication that some of the Monitors supported by the vehicle have not yet run and completed their diagnostic testing Check the CanScan s LCD display for confirmation P0101 10 Wass or olume Alr Flow Circuit Malfunction gt Red LED Indicates there is a problem with one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to indicate that DTC s are present displayed on the CanScan s screen In this case the Multifunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will be illuminated gt DTC s that start with PO P2 and some P3 are considered Generic Universal All Generic DTC definitions are the same on all OBD2 equipped vehicles The CanScan automatically displays the code definitions for Generic DTC s ve DTC s that start with P1 and some P3 are Enhanced Manufacturer specific codes and their code definitions vary with each vehic
26. s the system where the problem is located 1 Fuel and Air Metering 2 Fuel and Air Metering injector circuit malfunction only A Ignition System or Misfire 4 Auxiliary Emission Control System 5 Vehicle Speed Control and Idle Control System 6 Computer Output Circuits T Transmission 8 Transmission identifies what section of the system is malfunctioning D900 CanScan 19 Preparation for Testing BEFORE YOU BEGIN Preparation for Testing BEFORE YOU BEGIN The D900 CanScan aids in monitoring electronic and emissions related faults in your vehicle and retrieving fault codes related to malfunctions in these systems Mechanical problems such as low oil level or damaged hoses wiring or electrical connectors can cause poor engine performance and may also cause a false fault code Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test See your vehicle s service manual or a mechanic for more information Check the following areas before starting any test gt Check the engine oil power steering fluid transmission fluid if applicable engine coolant and other fluids for proper levels Top off low fluid levels if needed gt Make sure the air filter is clean and in good condition Make sure all air filter ducts are properly connected Check the air filter ducts for holes rips or cracks gt Make sure all engine belts are in good condition Check for cracked torn brittle loose or mis
27. sent and or some of the vehicle s emission monitors have not run their diagnostic testing H RED LED Indicates there is a problem in one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to show that DTC s are present DTCs are shown on the CanScan s LCD display In this case the Multifunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will light steady on 10 LCD Display Displays settings Menu and submenus test results CanScan functions See DISPLAY FUNCTIONS on next page for more details 11 CABLE Connects the CanScan to the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC D900 CanScan 10 Code Reader Controls DISPLAY FUNCTIONS DISPLAY FUNCTIONS gt 4 2 P0101 PENDING 9 Mass or Yolume Air D Flow Circuit Maltunctian Figure 2 Display Functions see Figure 2 for the locations of items 1 through 6 below 1 Test Data Display Area Displays DTC definitions and other pertinent test information messages 2 DTC Display Area Displays the Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC number Each fault is assigned a code number that is specific to that fault 3 Code Number Sequence The CanScan assigns a sequence number to each DTC that is present in the computer s memory starting with 1 This number indicates which code is currently displayed Code number 1 is always the highest priority code 4 Code Enumerator Indicates the total number of codes retrieved from the vehicl
28. set reference values On Board Diagnostics First Generation OBD 1 The Computer Control System consists of an on board computer and several related control devices Sensors switches and actuators Beginning in 1988 California s Air Resources Board CARB and later the Environmental Protection Agency EPA required vehicle manufacturers to include a self diagnostic program in their on board computers The pro gram would be capable of identifying emissions related faults in a system The first generation of Onboard Diagnostics came to be known as OBD 1 OBD 1 is a set of self testing and diagnostic instructions programmed into the vehicle s on board computer The programs are specifically designed to detect failures in the sensors actuators switches and wiring of the various vehicle missions related systems If the computer detects a failure in any of these components or systems it lights an indicator on the dashboard to alert the driver The indicator lights only when an emissions related problem is detected The computer also assigns a numeric code for each specific problem that it detects and stores these codes in its memory for later retrieval These codes can be retrieved from the computer s memory with the use of a CanScan or a Scan Tool D900 CanScan 14 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs On Board Diagnostics Second Generation OBD 2 In addition to performing all the funct
29. sing belts gt Make sure mechanical linkages to engine sensors throttle gearshift position transmission etc are secure and properly connected See your vehicle s service manual for locations gt Check all rubber hoses radiator and steel hoses vacuum fuel for leaks cracks blockage or other damage Make sure all hoses are routed and connected properly gt Make sure all spark plugs are clean and in good condition Check for damaged loose disconnected or missing spark plug wires gt Make sure the battery terminals are clean and tight Check for corrosion or broken connections Check for proper battery and charging system voltages gt Check all electrical wiring and harnesses for proper connection Make sure wire insulation is in good condition and there are no bare wires gt Make sure the engine is mechanically sound If needed perform a compression check engine vacuum check timing check if applicable etc D900 CanScan 20 Using the Code Reader CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE Using the CanScan CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE Retrieving and using Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs for troubleshooting vehicle operation is only one part of an overall diagnostic strategy Never replace a part based only on the DTC definition Each DTC has a set of testing procedures instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the location of the problem This information is found in the vehicle s service manual
30. sor catalytic converter etc A specific set of conditions or driving procedures must be met before the computer can command a Monitor to run tests on its related system These conditions are known as D900 CanScan 16 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Enabling Criteria The requirements and procedures vary for each Monitor Some Monitors only require the ignition key to be turned On for them to run and complete their diagnostic testing Others may require a set of complex procedures such as starting the vehicle when cold bringing it to operating temperature and driving the vehicle under specific conditions before the Monitor can run and complete its diagnostic testing gt Monitor Has Has Not Run The terms Monitor has run or Monitor has not run are used throughout this manual Monitor has run means the PCM has commanded a particular Monitor to perform the required diagnostic testing on a system to ensure the system is operating correctly within factory specifications The term Monitor has not run means the PCM has not yet commanded a particular Monitor to perform diagnostic testing on its associated part of the emissions system gt Trip A Trip for a particular Monitor requires that the vehicle is being driven in such a way that all the required Enabling Criteria for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met The Trip Drive
31. t To expand the operation of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL gt To standardize communication procedures and protocols between the diagnostic equipment Scan Tools CanScans etc and the vehicle s on board computer OBD 2 Terminology The following terms and their definitions are related to OBD 2 systems Read and reference this list as needed to aid in the understanding of OBD 2 systems gt Powertrain Control Module PCM The PCM is the OBD 2 accepted term for the vehicle s on board computer In addition to controlling the engine management and emissions systems the PCM also participates in controlling the powertrain transmission operation Most PCMs also have the ability to communicate with other computers on the vehicle ABS ride control body etc gt Monitor Monitors are diagnostic routines programmed into the PCM The PCM utilizes these programs to run diagnostic tests and to monitor operation of the vehicle s emissions related components or systems to ensure they are operating correctly and within the vehicle s manufacturer specifications Currently up to eleven Monitors are used in OBD 2 systems Additional Monitors will be added as the OBD 2 system is further developed es J Not all vehicles support all eleven Monitors i ry gt Enabling Criteria Each Monitor is designed to test and monitor the operation of a specific part of the vehicle s emissions system EGR system oxygen sen
32. the problem was found OBD 2 diagnostic trouble codes are made up of five characters gt The 1st character is a letter It identifies the main system where the fault occurred Body Chassis Powertrain or Network gt The 2nd character is a numeric digit It identifies the type of code Generic or Manufacturer Specific Generic DTCs are codes that are used by all vehicle manufacturers The standards for generic DTCs as well as their definitions are set by the Society of Automotive Engineers SAE Manufacturer Specific DTCs are codes that are controlled by the vehicle manufacturers The Federal Government does not require vehicle manufacturers to go beyond the standardized generic DTCs in order to comply with the new OBD2 emissions standards However manufacturers are free to expand beyond the standardized codes to make their systems easier to diagnose gt The 3rd character is a numeric digit It identifies the specific sys tem or sub system where the problem is located gt The 4th and 5th characters are numeric digits They identify the section of the system that is malfunctioning D900 CanScan 18 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs BD 2 DTC EXAMPLE P0201 Injector Circuit Malfunction Cylinder 1 B Body C Chassis P Powertrain U Network 0 Generic 1 Manufacturer Specific 2 Generic 3 Includes both Generic and Manufacturer Specific Codes Identifie
33. tings as described in the following paragraphs D900 CanScan 7 About the Code Reader VEHICLES COVERED BATTERY REPLACEMENT Adjusting Display Brightness 1 Use the UP and DOWN buttons as necessary to highlight Adjust Brightness in Brightness 5 the MENU then press the ENTER FF button Lighter 4 gt The Adjust Brightness screen displays Press the ENTER Button to exit Darker gt The Brightness field shows the current brightness setting from 1 to 10 2 Press the UP button to decrease the brightness of the LCD display make the display darker 3 Press the DOWN button to increase the brightness of the LCD display make the display lighter 4 When the desired brightness is obtained press the ENTER FF SAD utton to save your changes and return to the MENU Exiting the MENU Mode 1 Use the UP and DOWN buttons as necessary to highlight Menu Exit in the MENU then press the ENTER FF button gt The LCD display returns to the DTC screen Changes made to Brightness will remain in the CanScan s memory as long as the batteries are not removed If the batteries are removed or go dead the settings will be lost from the CanScan s memory and they must be reset again D900 CanScan 8 Code Reader Controls CONTROLS AND INDICATORS CanScan Controls CONTROLS AND INDICATORS Figure 1 Controls and Indicators See Figure 1 for the locations of items 1 through 11 below
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