Visu ual Stud dio Add d-in for Sma Softwa art Dev re Com vices
Contents
1. importctlip staclez tl importlib C TestApplication BodyGuide BodyGuideCOMObject Windows Mobile 5 0 Pocket PC SDK ARMV4TI Debug BodyGuideCOMObject tlb interface IDocHostUlHandlerDispatch helpstring BodyGuide Class BodyGuideClassproxy e interface IBodyGuideClass l interface IAxWinAmbientDispatchEx F 462. 7 A software component model plays important role for the development of the component based applications by assembling components without modification of existing components The reusability of software components in component based projects decreases development time cost of the projects and increases the reliability availability factors The standard operation of software component model includes the construct the individual component and communicating interacting the different components in a system 3 There are different Standardized component model available includes OMG s CORBA Microsoft Component Object Model COM and Distributed COM DCOM COM including Net component Model and sun s JavaBeans and Enterprise JavaBeans 8 11 Common Object Request Broker Architecture CORBA component model manages the details of components interoperability and allow the applications to communicate with each other through interfaces using Interface Definition Language IDL on different locations The Objects Request Broker ORB which is important part of the CORBA is used to establish the client server relationships between components The CORBA is used in component based software systems as well as in the Object oriented systems 8 The Component Object Model COM by Microsoft is widely used Component Model for the desktop and server side applications and it is more suitable for the embedded real time systems because of its simplicity C
3. 3 Software components and real time embedded systems 3 1 Real Time Systems Real time systems have a significant importance so they are used in many domains like embedded automotive electronics Air traffic control system etc A real time system can be defined as A real time system is a system that must satisfy explicit response time constraints or risk severe consequences including failure 10 Real time systems must meet the timing constraints requirements and must satisfy all conditions As requirements of timeliness and meeting deadlines by finishing specified task in the certain time limit also more than one event may occur simultaneously in simultaneous processing Along with these real time systems must also meet with the predictability and dependability requirements If the real time systems fail to satisfy the requirements it may result in injury loss of life or it may causes environmental damage 1 Standard component models and technologies can only be used to a limited degree because they cannot ensure to meet specified requirements for the real time systems To overcome this we can use different concept for system design also component composition reasoning and reusing components must be applied Components Based Development CBD for the real time systems is quite attractive and successful in certain domains 3 2 Embedded Real Time systems Embedded systems are used widely in the development of many applications and system
4. IDE When you click on the CodeGeneratorAddIn a new window will open This is the main window of Code Generator 22 Figure 4 2 Code Generator Tool Main Window Now you can open a tlb dll or exe file To do that you need to go to File menu and then click on Open An open file dialog box will pop up through which you can select your desired library file 23 Organize New folder E Recent Places A Libraries Documents a Music Pictures a Subversion 2 Homegroup Name 12 BodyGuideClass obj BodyGuideCOMObject dll tj BodyGuideCOMObject exp YA BodyGuideCOMObject lib 12 BodyGuideCOMObject obj W BodyGuideCOMObject pch BodyGuideCOMObject pdb BodyGuideCOMObject tlb 12 BodyGuideCOMObject i obj Date modified 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM 3 5 2012 4 17 PM Object File Application exten Exports Library Fil Object File Librar Object File Precompiled Hea Program Debug Li TLB File Object File P f Type TLB File P BodyGuideCOMObjectppc re Size 2 48 KB Compiled Resour computer e BuildLog htm Date modified 3 5 2012 4 17 PM Firefox HTML Dox amp Local Disk C x 2 stdafx obj Object Hie ca Recovey D aig File name Figure 4 3 Browse and open a COM type library Just select the library file and then click open Code gener
5. Do MR 20 T2 Vistial studio AOQO La CEET 21 Anos USAMA nA Tor ee seta van tates e tera ae 21 Js ee e A E A 28 DE cs SAU T 28 i EE 29 5 9 MS SEPA DC AUN aa sca tuno rv yan tc te fot ina 29 0 Conclusion and Future WOES aa As 37 DE de RE 38 APPO eere m ats AA WA eet See 40 Chapter 1 1 Introduction Component based development CBD is rapidly emerging approach and it introduces the idea of the reusability of components In component based development CBD already developed component are integrated and assemble to develop a system By applying CBD approach we can improve quality productivity and usability of the high quality software 1 CBD development also reduced the time and increase the efficiency of the software applications Component Based Software Engineering CBSE is quite successful in desktop server side software development A software component can be deployed independently and is subject to composition by third party 2 The Software component having set of interfaces by using these interfaces a component interact with the other components The interface of the components contains specification of its access point There are several component technologies that are used for the component based development from the desktop to distributed 1nformation systems like Microsoft COM DCOM COM and Net component model CORBA component model form OMG and JavaBeans and Enterprise
6. Proxy Class placed in between COM object and Client IBodyGuideClass CalculateBMI CalculateBMR CalculateBodyFat CalculateTargetWeig ht 36 Chapter 6 6 Conclusion and Future works Component Based Software development CBSE approach make it easier to develop the complex software by using the software components The reusability of software component plays very important role in the software development To reuse the software components efficiently in the other component based software projects the component must be well specified easy to understand easy to adopt easy to deliver and deploy easy to modify and replace Component model plays important role by defining the set of standard for the development implementation composition and deployment of the software components There are different component models that are available like OMG s CORBA Microsoft Component Object Model COM and Distributed COM DCOM COM including Net component Model and sun s JavaBeans and Enterprise JavaBeans These component models are less frequently used for the development of embedded real time systems due to their certain limitations like excessive processing memory requirements and unpredictable timing In our thesis work we have extended a basic component model with a set of services to cover the large application domain for embedded real time systems We have extended the COM type model for the ATL smart device by adding the lo
7. the already built components To use the software component efficiently in the other projects the component must be well specified easy to understand easy to adopt easy to deliver and deploy easy to modify and replace 1 The purpose of the CBSE is to obtain efficient development with minimum development time and better quality products Interfaces are the only way used for communication with component It is very important that our component contains maximum information which users require for using the component Software engineers spend lot of time for developing software components but sometimes users and developers are unable to use the component due to presence of lack of information Software components contain code which performs actions upon activation of a component Components behavior is black box that s why components are accessed by using interfaces Interfaces contain all information which a user requires for using a component Specifications of interface and components are similar and useful for both developers and users of a component Interface contains information about operation and context dependencies But Specification contains information about interface context dependencies and operations additional abstract information for developers is also enclosed in specification 10 2 1 Software Component A component can be defined as A software component is a unit of a composition with contractually specified int
8. 9 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 2 AAA rA e 3 19 2012 429 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM E 0e Type File folder C Source Export Definition C C Header Interface Definitic C Source Resource Script Text Document ReadMe bd ca Recovery Di gt File name BodyGuideSmartDevice vcproj Figure 4 5 Select the target empty smart device project Once you have select the target project just click on open button to select it Now our add in will generate code and place it in the selected project After placing the new files in the project a new IDE window will open displaying the generated code In the solution explorer you can see the newly generated proxy class es header file s and idl file 26 File Edit View Project Build peA Data Tools Test Window Hap stdafx h finclude fstream include atltime h include BodyGuideClassClassproxy h using namespace std E E STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy rr CalculateBMI int iWeight i Clime t CTime GetCurrentTime fstream file c temp txt ios app file lt lt t GetHour lt lt lt lt c GerMinute lt lt lt lt t GerSecond lt lt x lt C int sHour t GetHour int sMinute t GetMinute int sSecond t GetSecond long sTime sHour 60 60 sMinute 60 sSecond HRESULT hr proxy obj CalculateBMI iWeight iHeight piResult ege GetHou
9. CBSE and defining Software Component its specification including Software Component Model In the chapter 3 software components with real time embedded systems are discussed by explaining the basics of real time systems characteristics and challenges of the real time systems The last part of the chapter includes the real time component models that are currently in used The chapter 5 describe the software component services and smart device projects Next chapter 6 consist of Visual Studio Add in by proceeding with Visual studio detail and Visual studio Add in followed by User Manual for Add ins The Chapter 7 and 8 contains the details of Code generation and test application part of the project respectively The last part of the report is ended by giving the Conclusion and future work of the thesis Chapter 2 2 Component based software engineering Component based software engineering CBSE is a young discipline so the basic concepts of it need to elaborate although many concepts have not been completely explained Different authors have different understandings of different concepts of CBSE in different situations The core idea of CBSE is to reuse the software components The rapidly emerging approach called component based development CBD reestablishes the idea of reuse and introduces new elements 1 The reusability of software component plays very important role in the software development and makes it easier to reuse
10. JavaBeans from SUN 3 Component Object Model COM is developed in 1993 by Microsoft and it can be written in any programming language A COM object hold the other COM object by using one of its containment technique and by using another technique called aggregation a COM outer object can describe the functions of its inner object COM and DCOM also provide support to the COM technology Microsoft NET frame work is used to build and run different software projects and it provides support for different programming languages 2 Component Based Software Engineering CBSE is not much successful in the development of embedded software systems due to the certain requirements of these systems like time critical limited memory resources and CPU time Embedded system development is a erowing and complex field so there is a strong need of deployment of software component modelsin this field By using component based development decrease the cost and time and make it easy to build complex software 4 The research is on going in building new component modelsby the different organizationsfor the development of the embedded real time systems These component models includes PECOS SaveCCM Robus and Koala component model PECOS development is used mostly in the devices field development whereas Koala component model is mainly used in consumer electronics like microwave TV etc SaveCCM technology is used to build the embedded real time systems 2 Robus
11. MW M LARDALEN UNIVERSITY WA ww Mm a Qut Visual Studio Add in for Software Component Services in Smart Devices MASTER THESIS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 30 CREDITS ADVANCE LEVEL Hassan Aziz Khan hkn10003 studnet mdh se Irfan Ali iai09001 student mdh se Supervisor Frank L ders Frank Luders mdh se Examiner Sasikumar Punnekkat sastkumar punnekkatOmdh se School of Innovation Design and Engineering Vasteras Sweden March 10 2012 Dedications We would like to dedicate this thesis to our beloved families and dear friends for their moral support and encouragement Abstract In software world the term component based development is not unknown In fact in today s software industry we have a need to have such software development techniques which ensure quick and reliable products This is where component based development CBD comes in In CBD we develop reliable and reusable components which are used as building blocks of a software But to successfully and easily integrate the components we ought to have some predefined standards and set of rules These standards and set of rules make up a Component Model It defines the rules for implementation validation integration and deployment of components It also defines some runtime environment constraints such as interface of components and other runtime services In Embedded Real Time Systems software has a great significance as it has to respond in real time So so
12. OM component model is now mostly being replaced by Net Technology for the desktop and server side application domains 3 9 Due to its automatic memory management and garbage collections features which are main barrier ensuring predictable timing Net is not so popular for embedded real time systems A wide use of Microsoft Net is for the client side development and for the server side development Enterprise JavaBeans EJB is a popular component model As component models defines standard for naming interfacing and binding also sets of standard for run time services for applications domain that are known as software component services These component models are not still widely used in the real time embedded systems because of not fulfilling the special requirements for the embedded real time systems like timing predictability and limited use of resources like memory and CPU Due to the wide use of software applications for real time embedded systems research 1s on going to full fill the special requirements for real time embedded systems and define new Component Models 3 2 3 Software Component Specification A component consists of some code that can be executed on certain platforms and for the access of the component it contains interface The code of the component performs functionality when invoked with the component based applications where as the interface having everything a user need to know in order to deploy it The behaviour of th
13. XY fendit BEGIN COM MAP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy COM INTERFACE ENTRY IBodyGuideClass END COM MAP DECLARE PROTECT FINAL CONSTRUCT HRESULT FinalConstruct HRESULT hr CoCreateInstance uuidof BodyGuideClass NULL CLSCIX INPROC SERVER uuidor lIBodyGuideClass Void proxy_ob if FAILED hr MessageBox NULL L CoCreatelnstance failed L 0 else MessageBox NULL L CoCreateInstance succeceded L 0 return hr void FinalRelease proxy_obj gt Release public STDMETHOD CalculateBMI int iWeight int iHeight double piResult STDMETHOD CalculateBMR int iWeight int iHeight int iAge int iGender float piResult STDMETHOD CalculateBodyFat int iWeight int iWaist int iWrist int iHips int iForearm int iGender float piResult 45 STDMETHOD CalculateTargetWeight int iWeight float fBodyFat int iGender int prihResult private IBodyGuideClass proxy obj OBJECT ENTRY AUTO uuidof BodyGuideClassClassproxy CBodyGuideClassClass proxy B3 IDL File BodyGuideSmartDevice idl IDL source for BodyGuideSmartDevice rat This file will be processed by the MIDL tool to produce the type library BodyGuideSmartDevice tlb and marshalling code import oaldl idl import ocidl Lal Wud Ss 9ABE1 1 8262 4CCB AZ21F 39ACOZDAEDOTLB version 1 0 helpstring BodyGuideSmartDevice 1 0 Type Library library BodyGuideSmartDeviceLib
14. as a starting point By running an Add in project in Visual studio Net a new process of Visual Studio Net started in which the add in will run and it allow to debug it within the Visual studio Net process Add in can access Visual studio automation object DTE that help to control Visual studio Net within the add in 17 Different task can be performed using Add ins like add new tool windows that cover all the auxiliary windows in Visual studio Net Another feature of the Add in can be described as by adding new pages to the options dialog box Another feature of new menu items and one can also enable or disable them Add in can be developed by using different languages like C C and VB NET Add in can be distributed without the distribution of its source code 17 User Manual for Add In As of now you understand what a Visual Studio add in actually is so let us now have a look at our add in and how it works To make it simple for the users to understand the working of our add in we will show step by step screen shots and also describe those screen shots in detail Before showing you the screen shots we would first like to explain that in order to this add in you need to place the CodeGeneratorAddIn For Testing AddIn file in the Addins folder of Visual Studio If you have default directory settings for Visual studio then go to Documents folder then open Visual Studio 2008 folder and then open Addins folder Here you can
15. ator will then generate a class hierarchy for that library file When you expand a specific class you can also see it s Interfaces and methods Now you can select the methods for which you want to add the logging service 24 V BodyGuideClassClass e 1 BodyGuideCiass i V CalculateBMI V CalculateBMR E Calculate TargetWeight Figure 4 4 Select the methods for code generation After selecting the desired methods you need to click on generate Code button This will open a new dialog box which will ask you to select the visual c target project Empty Smart Device Project This is the project where your generated code and classes will be placed 25 7 Select Target Project K 19 1053 BodyGuide gt BodyGuideSmartDevice gt eo e Organize E Recent Places a Libraries Documents a Music kl Pictures a Subversion E Videos 2 Homegroup ba Computer amp Local Disk C Name Ji Windows Mobile 5 0 Pocket PC SDK AR BodyGuideSmartDevice cpp B BodyGuideSmartDevice def 1 BodyGuideSmartDevice h 8 BodyGuideSmartDevice idl el BodyGuideSmartDevice rc2 a BodyGuideSmartDevice rgs ideSmartDevice v MWe nta pns LA nd a oom uar Oy Ld SE eeh Mu a BodyGuideSmartDevice vcproj damat h BodyGuideSmartDevice i c ay BodyGuideSmartDeviceppc rc Date modified 3 25 2012 3 01 PM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 19 2012 4 29 AM 3 1
16. component Logging services can be implemented without the modification of the of the software components by creating through proxy object For the implementation of the proxy we need to create a class which intercept all methods invocation To implement proxy at first we need to define an interface also a class which will be used to implement this interface For the implementation of all type of interfaces it work with proxy class that is generated at run time For every class or interface Net contain property MethodInfo that can be used to get method s name type it s return type also set of parameters passed into the invocation handler 3 5 2 Code Generator The code generated tool is used to add logging service to the smart device NET component and it uses the logic and concept of the proxy object The code generator tool take as input the DLL file of the smart device component and it load it s assembly the read the modules and type information from DLL file The DLL file contains the classes methods and functions in it By using System Reflection library for each module of assembly it gives tree view control at parent root level for each class and it also populate methods and interface type at child root By selecting the desired classes and methods the generator tool will generate code for C Sharp proxy classes and create Visual Studio Net solution 5 3 Test Application In software development testing is a very important phase
17. component model is developed by Arcticus systems and it is used for the development of small embedded systems So we use different component models for the development of the embedded systems according to their characteristics and requirements 5 1 1 Problem Statement This thesis is based on software components and component models A simple software component model cannot be used for real time embedded systems because of some limitations The goal of this thesis work is to modify and extend the existing COM type library for the ATL smart device We will implement a major service used by real time system which is Logging Service To do the modification we will create a visual studio 2008 add in which will read a COM type library and then it will generate a tree hierarchy of the classes and functions of the library Then user will select the desired classes and functions for which he wants to generate the modified code The add in will then generate the code for those classes and functions and create a new COM type library with all the three services Then this extended COM type library will be tested with a smart device emulator 1 2 Technology Adaptation and Scope We discussed technology adoption with our project supervisor and decided to use Visual Studio 2008 professional edition for Visual Studio Add in development The Add in then generates the proxy object for ATLSmartDevice COM dll The Net framework for smart device application de
18. copy and paste your AddIn file and then edit 1t with notepad 21 or any text editor to set the path for your project s dll file After setting up the add in file you can now compile the CodeGeneratorAddIn source code If you have set up the AddIn file correctly then at this point you can access the add in CodeGeneratorAddIn in Tools menu of Visual File Edit View Test Window Help RI oS gt e ri 3 CodeGeneratorAddin E Start Page 43 testAddin Attach to Process Ctrl Alt P Device Security Manager a Connect to Device Device Emulator Manager ti Connect to Database F CodeG Connect to Server A FindPre TE 3 MyCOr ZA BodyGi Al AltTutc CH AltTutc Code Snippets Manager Ctrl K Ctrl B Choose Toolbox Items Add in Manager Macros Partner Products Catalog Create GUID Dotfuscator Community Edition Li WCF Service Configuration Editor Find Symbol Res External Tools Open Create Import and Export Settings Customize Options KG List P Find Symbol Results Ready Figure 4 1 Add in location Studio eta ls Here 17 10 00 Z Alex Turner describes the new CS 1 C8 in Visual Studio 11 Beta 7 05 00 Z This Library topic highlights the new ures available in C in Visual Studio 11 Beta land OpenGL 7 15 00 Z Greg Duncan shows how to create a C and OpenGL k ES Solution Explorer EN Class View Properties zi J
19. ctive C Very Active C Extra Active You have a fat body You need to shed off 10 lbs Your daily calories requirement is 2944 38 You need to eat less calories than this to lose weight Figure 5 5 Advice form The advice will tell you if you have a fat body or a lean body It will also tell you how much weight you should lose or gain based on the calculations and to lose or gain weight how much calories you should eat every day Once we have tested our COM component with the smart device client we generated the code for the very same COM component with our GodeGenerator add in Then we used the same smart device client application with our generated proxy component We executed all the test cases on it and recorded the outputs There was no difference in the results Now we will show you the architecture of our test application so you can understand the logic 35 BodyGuideCOMObject CBodyGuideClass Class Smart Device Client BodyGuideClient Methods CalculateBMI CalculateBMR CalculateBodyFat CalculateTargetWeig ht EPEE Figure 5 6 BodyGuideCOMObject directly interacting with SmartDeviceClient Q IBodyGuideClass BodyGuideSmartDevice way aideCOMObjec Smart Device Client CBodyGuideClassClassProxy 2odyGuideClass Class Zlass proxy obj Methods BodyGuideClient Methods CalculateBMI CalculateBMR CalculateBodyFat CalculateTargetWeight Figure 5 7 Generated
20. d Services in Embedded Real Time Systems in System Sciences 2007 HICSS 2007 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 2007 p 286c 286c I Afzal A Comparative Study of Software Component Models for Embedded Real Time Systems 2007 S U Rehman A Visual Studio Add In for Software Component Services in Smart Devices Malardalen University Sweden 2011 K K Lau and Z Wang Software component models Software Engineering IEEE Transactions on vol 33 no 10 pp 709 724 2007 X Cai M R Lyu K F Wong and R Ko Component based software engineering H technologies development frameworks and quality assurance schemes in Software Engineering Conference 2000 APSEC 2000 Proceedings Seventh Asia Pacific 2000 pp 372 379 J Q Ning Component based software engineering CBSE in Assessment of Software Tools and Technologies 1997 Proceedings Fifth International Symposium on 1997 pp 34 43 F L ders An evolutionary approach to software components in embedded real time systems Department of Computer Science and Electronics Malardalen University 2006 M Akerholm and J Fredriksson A Sample of Component Technologies for Embedded Systems Malardalen Real Time Research Centre Technical Report 2004 F Luders D Flemstrom and A Wall Software Component Services for Embedded Real Time pdf Malardalen University 2005 38 13 C Carabelea and O Boissier Multi agent platfor
21. e component should be black box where the user doesn t need to know the inner structure of the component so interface need to have all the required information about the component its context dependences and its operations So component specifications are the specification of its interface The specifications of the component provide precise and complete information for the component user as well as for the developer of the component 1 Syntactic specification of a commonly used for the practical software development and includes the specifications used with technologies such as COM CORBA and Sun s 12 JavaBeans These specifications are implemented using Interface Description Language IDL and programming language For the Semantic specification of a component UML and Object Constraint Language OCL are used and it includes pre and post conditions and constraints to invoke component s operation also what type of parameter value a component operation accept 3 To invoke the software component successfully we need more information than its functionality like its structural properties how it can be composed with the other components its performance capacity and family properties that specifies the relationships among the related components A component s specifications cannot be expected to complete with respect to all properties as software component cannot be delivered with complete and sufficient specifications 1 13 Chapter 3
22. e lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iGender lt lt iGender lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments float piResult lt lt piResult lt lt endl file closet return hr STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy CalculateBodyFat int iWeight int iWaist int iWrist int iHips int iForearm int iGender float piResult return proxy_obj gt CalculateBodyFat iWeight iWaist iWrist iHips iForearm iGender piResult 44 STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy CalculateTargetWeight int iWeight float fBodyFat int iGender int piResult return proxy obj CalculateTargetWeight iWeight fBodyFat iGender piResult B2 Header File pragma once ifdef STANDARDSHELL UI_MODEL include resource h endif ifdef POCKETPC2003_UI_MODEL include resourceppc h endif ifdef SMARTPHONE2003_UI_MODEL include resourcesp h endif ifdef AYGSHELL UI MODEL include resourceayg h tendif import C TestApplication BodyGuide BodyGuideCOMObject Windows Mobile 5 0 Pocket PC SDK ARMV4I Debug BodyGuideCOMObject tlb no namespace raw_interfaces_only class ATL_NO_VTABLE CBodyGuideClassClassproxy public CComObjectRootEx lt CComMultiThreadModel gt publie CComCoClass CBodyGuideClassClassproxy amp CLSID BodyGuideClassClassproxy public IBodyGuideClass public CBodyGuideClassClassproxy ifndef CE DCOM DECLARE REGISTRY RESOURCEID IDR BODYGUIDECLASSPRO
23. er hand in case of soft real time systems it is desirable to meet the deadline but it is not essential In case of hard real time systems any late data is considered to be bad data The development of reusable components for the real time systems is achieved by using the CBSE methodology but designing these reusable components is more complex In real time applications it is essential for the components to meet timing constrains or deadlines and keep production costs down Due to the limited resources for the embedded systems they task must be completed within tight deadlines Some times when the systems are large and to complex many times it becomes impossible to predict with certainty when the certain event will occur also the order of their occurrence Even in these cases real time systems respond the to the event within a specified and a predictable time limits Real time software must also handle the software and hardware failure in a predictable manners 1 3 4 Real time Component Technologies Component technologies that are Commonly used for the development of different domain component like COM and Net from Microsoft CORBA from OMG and JavaBeans from SUN These technologies are used frequently in desktop and distributed enterprise applications These technologies are used less frequently in the embedded real time applications due to their characteristics of excessive processing memory requirements and unpredictable timing 1 11 When the s
24. erfaces and explicit context dependencies only A software component can be deployed independently and is subject to composition by third party 1 The component communicate with its environments through the interfaces therefor it is very important to clearly specify the interfaces of the software component and encapsulating the implementation in the component To make the component independent it is very important to separate the implementation part from its interfaces According to another definition of software Component A component is a reusable part of software which is independently developed and can be brought together with other component to build large units It may be adapted but may not be modified 6 A component is a compiled code without a program source or design There are two major types of the components General Components and implementation components General components includes the user interface widgets dropped onto a canvas or class frameworks but implementation components includes any executable code source code code template or interface specification 2 2 Software Component Model A component model defines a set of standards and conventions used by the component developer 1 A software component model defines what components are how they can be constructed how they can be composed or assembled and how they can be deployed as well as how we can reason about all these operations on components
25. et platforms and it 1s developed by Microsoft It can be used to develop various applications like console applications Windows applications Windows mobile applications Windows Services ASP NET applications and web services by using C C VB NET and J etc 13 Visual studio development tool provides a rich environment where you can rapidly create advanced applications and it contains set of productive and debugging features 14 In 1997 Microsoft introduced Visual studio that contains all environments like Visual C Visual basic in one application There are various version of visual studio available in the market for the development of different applications and projects Visual studio 2008 was introduced by Microsoft in the end of 2007 and it supports different versions of Net Frameworks Microsoft has provided some extensibility features in the Visual studio by using them the developers can extend Visual studio There are three common approaches that are used to extend the Visual studio are Add ins Macros and packages Add ins are used to access Visual Studio APIs for IDE to automate task like coding and deployment and Macros helps to automate frequently repeated task in VS 15 There are some important features of the Visual Studio that are described below 14 Page design By using this feature off the visual studio we can create attractive pages with drag and drop integrated web form designer without using HTML Automatic erro
26. f iGender 1 E ere Factor float tactor2Z iWeight 1 082 94 42 iWaist 4 15 float leanMass factorl factor2 float fat iWeight leanMass ofBodyFat fat 100 iWeight 40 else if 1Gender 2 Eleat Factorl aWeight 0 7252 8 987 float factor2 iwrist 7 3 140 float factor3 iWaist 0 157 float factor4 iHips 0 249 float factor5 iForearm 0 434 float leanMass factorl factor2 factor3 factor4 factors float fat iWeight leanMass ofBodyFat fat 100 iWeight return S_OK STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClass CalculateTargetWeight int iWeight float fBodyFat int iGender int iTargetWeight TODO Add your implementation code here int fatMass 0 int leanBodyMass 0 fatMass iWeight fBodyFat 100 leanBodyMass iWeight fatMass if 1Gender 1 iTargetWeight leanBodyMass iWeight 0 12 else iTargetWeight return S_OK leanBodyMass iWeight 0 19 A2 Header File BodyGuideClass h Declaration of the CBodyGuideClass pragma once ifdef STANDARDSHELL UI_MODEL include resource h endif ifdef POCKETPC2003 UI MODEL include resourceppc h tendif ifdef SMARTPHONE2003 UI MODEL include resourcesp h endif ifdef AYGSHELL UI_MODEL include resourceayg h endif include BodyGuideCOMObject h CBodyGuideClass class ATL_NO_VTABLE CBodyGuideClass public CCom0bjectRootEx lt CComMultiThreadModel gt
27. ftware built for a real time system must be very reliable and transparent That s why normal software components cannot be used for the development of software for real time systems A software for an embedded real time system should have some services like logging execution time measurement and synchronization Our thesis is about modifying a COM component so that it provides these services required for embedded real time systems The concept of proxy objects can be used here to modify the already existent component First the code of a simple COM component is regenerated and then these additional services are incorporated by using proxy objects Acknowledgement We would like to thanks our supervisor Frank L ders for his support guidance and extensive support during the entire period of the thesis His suggestions helped us in the development of the code generation tool as well as to complete thesis report Moreover we would like to thanks the school of Innovation Design and Engineering at Malardalen University Sweden for providing us opportunity to work on this thesis work and helping us by providing the required resources infrastructures to complete this thesis as well as our master degree successfully The theoretical and practical course work during our master degree provided us the opportunity to learn new technologies software engineering techniques It will definitely help us during our professional working and projects We also wo
28. gging service into it To accomplish this we created Visual Studio Add in that read a COM type library and then it generates a tree hierarchy of classes and functions of the library We can select our desired classes and functions for which we want to generate the modified code The add in extract the classes and functions and create a new COM type library and generates proxy object that adds logging service for smart device and extend the functionality of COM type library To test the extended COM type library we created a test application Body Guard that verify the functionality of new COM type Library As our visual studio add in read a COM type library and extend it only with the logging service but it does not provides component services like synchronization and execution time measurement can be implemented In the future work remaining component services synchronization and execution time measurement can be implemented with the COM type library for the ATL smart device 37 7 References 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Crnkovic and M P H Larsson Building reliable component based software systems Artech House 2002 M Zaheer Evaluation of Software Components in Embedded Real Time Systems 2007 M Ahmad A Code Generator for Software Component Services in Smart Devices 2010 F Luders S Ahmad F Khizer and G Singh Dhillon Using Software Component Models an
29. ght 3l Figure 5 2 Calculate BMI form After providing the required details you can calculate the BMI by clicking on Calculate BMI button To calculate your BMR you need to click on BMR button on main form Then a BMR form will open which will ask you to enter height weight age and gender 32 4 utt O e ES LEAL File Flash Help ex E 10 41 Height 5 f 10 Ji weight rao bs w E hn 8 Male O Female BMR 1899 6 Calculate BMR Figure 5 3 Calculate BMR form After providing the required details you can calculate your BMR by clicking on the Calculate BMR button This BMR 1s actually required to calculate your daily calories requirement To calculate your total body fat you need to click on Body Fat button on the main form Then a Body Fat form will open where you will need to enter your weight waist and gender For females wrist hips and forearm s measurement is also required 33 we Je oem w Male Female Required only for females Figure 5 4 Calculate body fat form After providing the required information you can calculate the body fat by clicking on Calculate Body Fat button Once you have calculated the BMI BMR and Body Fat you can proceed with getting an advice based on your results To get an advice you need to click on Advice button on Body Fat form Then you will have to enter a rough estimate of your daily activity 34 Activity Level O Sedentary Lightly A
30. lateBMR in int iWeight in int iHeight in int iAge in int iGender out retval Lloat ptfBMR helpstring method CalculateBodyFat HRESULT CalculateBodyFat in int iWeight in int iWaist in int iWrist in int iHips in int iForearm in int iGender out retval float pfBodyFat helpstring method CalculateTargetWeight HRESULT CalculateTargetWeight in int iWeight in float fBodyFat in int iGender out retval int iTargetWeight hi uuid BA777CDD 5744 4566 AFD8 07ABES8E7029A version 1 0 helpstring BodyGuideCOMObject 1 0 Type Library library BodyGuideCOMObjectLib imporclib stdaoles ELO interface IDocHostUlHandlerDispatch interface IAxWinAmbientDispatchEx uuid 3EDA27DF 2642 43DE A387 5B420CDA9AEF helpstring BodyGuideClass Class coclass BodyGuideClass default interface IBodyGuideClass hi hi 43 Appendix B BodyGuideSmartDevice Code B 1 CPP File include stdafx h include fstream include lt atltime h gt include BodyGuideClassClassproxy h using namespace std STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy CalculateBMI int iWeight int iHeight double piResult Crime t CIime GetCurrentraime t fstream file cribtemp Exb i108t iapp file t GetHour t GetMinute t GetSecond CalculateBMI operation started lt lt endl int sHour t GetHour int sMinute t GetMinute i
31. mponent Models are not incompatible with real time requirements But COM 1s choose on the base of its simplicity and also previously used in industry 12 So we can say that basic models can b used for Embedded Real Time System development with extend of their functionalities with standardized services These Standardized services normally known as Software Component Services Logging Synchronization and transaction control are the example of some basic software component services 3 5 1 Logging Service This Service not only allows the developer to calculate the timing of the application but also provide help for determining the execution path of the application The best feature of this service is no need to recompile the component for doing such tasks For adding a logging in interface just does some addition in application configuration file with an entry An XML example shows the functionality of logging service lt application gt lt component name myProject C2 gt lt interface name C2 gt lt service type Logging gt lt interface gt lt component gt lt application gt 18 The above example shows when client tries to create co class C2 then it will get a proxy which is used to write a log message in log file after and before each call passing on 12 3 5 2 Execution Time Measurement This service is used to measure the exact execution time of a component Time is measure in respect of best worst a
32. ms on smart devices Dream or reality in Proceedings of the Smart Objects Conference SOCO3 Grenoble France 2003 pp 126 129 14 M MacDonald Beginning ASP NET 3 5 in C 2008 From Novice to Professional 2nd ed Apress 2007 15 K Nayyeri Professional Visual Studio Extensibility Wrox 2008 16 L Smith Writing Add ins for Visual Studio NET Apress 2002 17 J Cogswell Developing Visual Studio NEI Macros and Add Ins 1st ed Wiley 2003 39 Appendix A BodyGuideCOMObjectCode A 1 CPP File BodyGuideClass cpp Implementation of CBodyGuideClass include stdafx h include BodyGuideClass h CBodyGuideClass STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClass CalculateBMI int iWeight int iHeight double pfBMI TODO Add your implementation code here it iHeight 0 bfBMI 1 0 iWeight iHeight iHeight 703 ofBMI 0 return E FAIL return S_OK STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClass CalculateBMR int iWeight int iHeight int iAge int iGender float pfBMR TODO Add your implementation code here if iGender 1 DEBME 66 6 2 1Werghb 12 7 aHeight 6 9 iAge else if 1Gender 2 ofBMR 655 4 35 iWeight 4 7 iHeight 4 7 iAge return S_OK STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClass CalculateBodyFat int iWeight int iWaist int iWrist int iHips int iForearm int iGender float pfBodyFat TODO Add your implementation code here i
33. nd in average case Online scheduler used this information for setting its strategy The required result can be achieved just adds an entry in configuration file of application For this purpose programming is not required in server or client side of the component 12 3 5 3 Time Deterministic Synchronization This service provides a mechanism to that case where different components access the same data at a same time Normally in this type of situation creates the unnecessary data blockage So with the help of synchronization service a developer can easily overcome on the data blockage This mechanism provides a set of different policies like e g mutual exclusion and read writes policy Normally in mutual exclusion policy mechanism blocks all the queuing thread except one and entertains to all queuing threads one by one according to their priorities However reader writer policy 1s different as compare to mutual exclusion policy Because in this mechanism many read threads can be execute at the same time on the same data But write operation is treating as exclusive execution This mechanism ensure the situation if a read operation 1s execute on a data the other write operation cannot update the same data until the completion of read operation This mechanism also reduces the locking time between the threads 12 19 Chapter 4 4 4 1 Visual Studio Add in Visual Studio Visual studio is a development environment for Windows and N
34. ndows mobile 5 0 and 6 0 for the smartphones and pocket PC Software component services are used with COM technologies to make it easier the development of software components for distributed information systems The proxy objects are used to communicate and intercept the message calls between components to provide services like logging time execution measurement execution time and synchronization etc Our thesis includes the implementation of the logging service for the real time systems The main objective of the logging service is to trace the sequence of interaction between components also determining the execution time and path for the real time system 5 1 Proxy Object Proxy objects are used to perform the functionality of forwarding all calls and it s the public interface of the real class The proxy object facilitate the components by intercept message call to provide services as logging synchronization also execution time out services Proxy object call the real objects it handle the call and when the call is done the it realises the real 28 object Our focus here is on the logging service which trace out the sequence of objects interaction also it tell the execution time as well as path of the application 6 To implement logging services we can attach timing logic to each of the method call to monitor each method s execution time This method seems more time consuming and it can create issues in the implementation of the
35. nt sSecond t GetSeconda t long sTime sHour 60 60 sMinute 60 sSecond HRESULT hr proxy obj CalculateBMI iWeight iHeight piResult file t GetHour t GetMinute t GetSecond CalculateBMI operation finished lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iWeight lt lt iWeight lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iHeight lt lt iHeight lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments double piResult lt lt piResult lt lt endl rile close gt return hr STDMETHODIMP CBodyGuideClassClassproxy CalculateBMR int iWeight int iHeight int iAge int iGender float piResult Crime t CIime GetCurrentraime fstream file ocritemnp Exb i108t 1iapp file t GetHour t GetMinute t GetSecond CalculateBMR operation started lt lt endl int sHour t GetHour int sMinute t GetMinute int sSecond t GetSeconda t long sTime HRESULI hr sHour 60 60 sMinute 60 sSecond proxy obj CalculateBMR iWeight iHeight iAge iGender piResult file t GetHour t GetMinute t GetSecond CalculateBMR operation finished lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iWeight lt lt iWeight lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iHeight lt lt iHeight lt lt endl file lt lt Function Arguments int iAge lt lt iAg
36. ous ports for the real time communication PBO works on the component level a s well as the system level Due to the tight coupling with the real time operating systems the reuse of components in the new systems becomes difficult 3 11 3 4 5 PECOS PECOS PErvasiveCOmponents Systems is a developed as project between ABB Corporate Research Center and academia The main objective of PECOS projects is to enable the component based technology for embedded systems especially for field devices 11 PECOS even consider the non functional requirements to be able to assess the properties thoroughly during the construction time PECOS is incorporated with the Unified Modeling language UML for developing the system and it 1s easier to understand because of its focus on the non functional properties The Behavior of the PECOS is Black box because it did not allow the access of the source code 3 3 4 6 CORBA The Common Object Request Broker Architecture CORBA is developed by the Object Management Group OMG It is used to write platform independent application by providing certain set of rules It hides the low level complexity and offers a platform independent interface OMG introduces minimum CORBA to use within smaller resource constrained system Another variation of CORBA is introduced by OMG known as real time CORBA that is used to handle clock synchronization bounded execution times etc 3 11 There are several limitations
37. public CComCoClass lt CBodyGuideClass amp CLSID_BodyGuideClass gt public IBodyGuideClass publie CBodyGuideClass ifndef CE DCOM DECLARE REGISTRY RESOURCEID IDR BODYGUIDECLASS fendif BEGIN COM MAP CBodyGuideClass COM INTERFACE ENTRY IBodyGuideClass END COM MAP DECLARE PROTECT FINAL CONSTRUCT HRESULT FinalConstructt return S_OK void FinalRelease public STDMETHOD CalculateBMI int iWeight int iHeight double pfBMI STDMETHOD CalculateBMR int iWeight int iHeight int iAge int iGender float pfBMR STDMETHOD CalculateBodyFat int iWeight int iWaist int iWrist int iHips int iForearm int iGender float pfBodyFat STDMETHOD CalculateTargetWeight int iWeight float fBodyFat int iGender int iTargetWeight y OBJECT_ENTRY_AUTO __uuidof BodyGuideClass CBodyGuideClass A3 IDL file BodyGuideCOMObject idl IDL source for BodyGuideCOMObject C This file will be processed by the MIDL tool to produce the type library BodyGuideCOMObject tlb and marshalling code Import oaiidl idl import oeidl r dl object uuid EDE969FE E052 4880 AEDB 51F57260CDF9 helpstring IBodyGuideClass Interface 42 pointer_default unique interface IBodyGuideClass IUnknown helpstring method CalculateBMI HRESULT CalculateBMI in int iWeight in int iHeight out retval double pfBMI helpstring method CalculateBMR HRESULT Calcu
38. r lt lt lt lt t GetMinute lt lt lt lt t GetSecond lt lt Cal s P urat Tu m d she e ms sdf e Column Project Figure 4 6 Generated Code 27 Chapter 5 5 Code generation The concept of reusability of software component having a great importance in the development of embedded real time systems as well as smart device application development Component Models define standards for naming interface and the set of standard for the component services The existing component model for the embedded real time systems cannot be used in all domain of real time due to their limitation for the specific domain So in our thesis work we are going to extend a basic component model with the set of services which will cover large domain of embedded real time systems We elaborate the code generator tool which supports software component services in smart device The term smart device SD designates any physical object associated with computing resources and able to communicate with other similar objects via any physical transmission medium and logical protocol or with humans via standard user interface 13 Smart devices includes the big smart devices like PDAs and the small smart devices like RFID Tags Microsoft visual studio 2008 used to build applications for the various technologies and devices Visual studio 2008 provide solutions that are based on the Windows Mobile 2003 Windows CE 5 0 and 6 0 also Wi
39. r detection One of the important feature of the visual studio 1s to detect and reports error before even running the application which can save the time wastage for the error detection Debugging tools Debugging tools of the Visual Studio help to watch code in action and it tacks the contents of the variables Applications can be test by using the Built in web server of the visual studio that works for debugging IntelliSence This is very helpful tool which provides statement completion for recognized objects and automatically lists information like function parameters 20 4 2 4 3 launch Visual studio Add Ins Add Ins are used for the different purposes like to reuse the code within organization to speed common task and to enforce rules consistency among developers 16 An Add in can be assumed as a simple DLL that is created by the user and Visual studio Net loads it into its own process 17 Add in access the different parts of the IDE while communicating with the Visual studio NET IDE These parts includes code editor tool windows solutions and projects also it respond the events that take place in IDE ADD in is compiled into a DLL and it can be distributed without the source code 17 By using add in development cost can be decreased also it can improve the efficiency of the developers A projects Wizard known as Visual Studio Net Add in project contained by the Visual studio Net and it is used to create an Add in
40. s having no dependences on each other and their source code are fully visible for the developers Due to their component internal visibility it allows companies to perform white box testing on them 3 4 3 Rubus Component Model Rubus component model is developed by the arcticus along with research community efforts and it is used mostly in the Volvo construction Equipment According to its functionality it is divided into two parts red and blue that are used for hard real time requirements and soft real time requirements respectively Rubus components model is mostly used in real time requirement systems The rubus components are easy to inspect and test because it contains the source code of the components It is constructed on the top of the operating system so hard to break the bound and it 1s coupled with the operating system very tightly Rubus is very desirable both for the hard and soft real time systems 3 The main objective of the rubus Model is to make easier the reuse of the parts of the system 11 3 4 4 Port Based Objects PBO Port Based Objects PBO was developed as a part of the Chimera RTOS projects at the Advanced Manipulators Laboratory at the Carnegie Mellon University 11 It forms a framework for the development of sensor based control systems along with the reconfigurable 16 robotics applications It makes easier the reuse minimizing the communication and synchronization PBO is treated a s an object with vari
41. s that uses the embedded computers Major systems includes vehicle control system medical control equipment and mobile phones Embedded systems having a computer that interact directly with the external devices There are certain specifications like safety reliability limited hardware capacity which they must meet The concept of reusability of real time components in the development of real time systems applies when we use SBSE methodology The development of the reusability components for the real time 1s expensive and complex than the non reusable and non real time components 1 It is very important for the real time components to meet the time constraints and must perform the tight deadlines by using the limited embedded system resources 14 3 3 Characteristics and Challenges of Real Time Systems Time constraints is one of the important characteristics for the real time systems and they used to interact with a physical system The system is considered to be failed even it delivered the correct results but not meet the time requirement for the system Deadline can be described as the maximum time within which the task must be complete its execution with respect to an even and it is usually time constraints for the real time task 1 Real time systems can be divided in to hard and soft real time systems depending on the results form a missed deadline The criteria for the hard real time system is that all task must meet the deadline on the oth
42. ued white box testing until all the bugs were fixed Then we moved on to black box testing It is very important to verify that the software meets all the requirements and the business logic is correct So we developed test cases for every requirement and carefully executed those test cases recoding every output We carried out black box testing by developing a test application First we created a COM component with name BodyGuideCOMObject This component provided the functionality of a complete fitness advisor It calculates your BMI Body Mass Index your BMR Body Mass Ratio your total body fat and then it advises you whether to lose or gain weight It also tells you how much daily calories you need to take in order to gain or lose weight Then we created a smart device client which used this COM component and provided the GUI for it We can show you the screen shots of the client so that you can better understand it s working The first screen is the main form which has 3 different options BMI BMR and Body Fat 30 Welcome to your body guide Body Mass Index Body Mass Ratio Persentage of Body Figure 5 1 Body guide client main form As you can see in the above screen shot you can click on any button to calculate the respective parameter To get an advice you need to calculate all three parameters first To calculate your BMI click on BMI button The BMI form will open where you will be asked to enter your height and wei
43. uld like to thanks our friends for their appreciation and suggestions during our thesis work At the end we would like to special thanks our families for their encouragement throughout our life to achieve the different milestones and their moral support during our thesis work Irfan Ali Hasan Aziz Khan Malardalen University Vasteras Sweden EEN 1 EE 3 ANC KNOV ed SME Ics A o II ea 4 COMEN DET TI s gt Siri MEE 7 la PP OS HIP PR o 7 LL Problem EE pe ener eo en deb tee pot te Eve eel ee beet nep e eese te Eta Dort nates 8 1 2 Technology Adaptation and OOPS 8 15 GE eer 9 2 Component based software engineering cocos dou detour E oet ate est Do Od eae Pss UR De alo bc 10 2s SOL Ware COMM OME EE 11 2 2 Sottware Component MA ia 11 2 29 SOftWare Component DEE 12 3 Software components and real time embedded gwvstemg 14 Dede e KE SUC IMS mts A 14 3 2 Embedded Real Mime systems xc eege 14 3 3 Characteristics and Challenges of Real Time Systems cccccoooononnnccnnnncnonononocnnonnnnnnos 15 3 4 Real time Component Technologies 15 SE clle TP 16 S DAMEN Aa Aa aaa wal 16 S450 RUDUS Component Model EE 16 3 4 4 Port Based Objects PBO ya 16 Ss PECOS sde 17 SO CORD O ETEN 17 3 5 Software Component Services for Embedded Real Time Systems 177 oO TOS OTN Aaaa 18 3 5 2 Execution Time Measurement tai 19 2 5 9 Lime Deterministic 5ynchironmZaton eege Eed 19 d WasualsSeuddio Eeer 20 dE Visual
44. velopment debugging and deployment is supported by Visual Studio 2008 professional version To test and evaluate the implementation of the thesis work we used Visual Studio 2008 Professional By using Visual Studio Net 2008 we developed ATL Smart Device COM component and client application to test the project At first we developed Visual Studion add in that can read metadata NET assembly of the NET smart device component also ATL smart device COM type library COM object s properties methods and definitions are stored in type library in the form of interfaces and these interfaces can be accessed by the client application at the run time and invoke object s method The main objective of our thesis is to develop a Visual Studio add in that select ATL smart device COM component and generate tree hierarchy of the classes and the functions of the COM library The desired functions and classes are selected from the tree for which we want to generate the modified code The add in will then generate the code for those classes and functions and create a new COM type library with the logging service Then this extended COM type library will be tested with a smart device emulator We developed a smart device test application Body Guard that we will use to test our extended COM type library 1 3 Report Outline The chapter 2 of the thesis report includes the basic concept of Component Based Software Engineering CBSE by giving background detail
45. which ensures the quality and reliability of the software Testers pay special attention to test the business logic of the software and make sure that all the requirements are met Testing phase is equally import for component based software development and real time systems As our thesis 1s on component based software development for smart devices so we had to pay more attention on testing phase as to make sure our add in executes properly and flawlessly Moreover we also had to make sure that all the requirements are met and the business logic is correct There are a lot of testing techniques being used in software industry But the traditional and most common techniques are white box testing and black box testing In white box testing we make sure that every statement of the code gets executed at least once While in black box 29 testing we create scenarios to test the business logic and functional requirements We also adopted these two techniques for testing our add in For white box testing we used the visual studio debugger which is a great way to ensure and inspect the code line by line So this will enabled us to verify that application does not crashes at any statement and it has no abnormal behaviour We developed such inputs which cause the program control to traverse through every statement in the code Initially there were some unhandled exceptions in the code which were pointed out by the debugger and we fixed those bugs We contin
46. with the traditional CORBA like no standard way for the deployment of object implementation limited extension of functionality and no standard object lifecycle 11 Another model introduced by the OMG is known as CORBA Component Model CCM and it covers the limitations of traditional CORBA CCM provides the better reuse for servers and provide a greater flexibility for dynamic configuration for CORBA applications 11 3 5 Software Component Services for Embedded Real Time Systems The excessive usages of component models have been observed in software development for distribution information system and desktop application Normally JavaBeans amp ActiveX are normally used for the development of desktop application On the other hand Enterprises JavaBeans and COM are very popular for the development of distribution of information 17 system But on the other hand in Embedded Real Time System these models are not much popular due to special requirements No doubt these components models play a vital role for rapid development of desktop application and distribution information system A considerable research proof that these component models with some enhancements can also plays an important role for the development of Embedded Real Time System One possible solution is to use a mainstream component model e g Component Object Model COM for this purpose No doubt study shows the Component Object Model and its extended version Distribution Co
47. ystems are developed for the specific platforms it becomes difficult to reuse them for a other platforms in embedded real time systems The various methodologies used for the reusability of embedded system components depends upon the different parameters These technologies includes PECT Koala Rubus Component Model PBO PECOS and CORBA 3 15 3 41 PECT A Prediction Enabled Component Technology PECT is a development infrastructure that incorporates a component technology development tools and analysis techniques 11 PECT is still under research in the Software Engineering Institute SEI at Carnegie Mellon University PECT development technology consist of development tools and analysis techniques PECT is more portable and introducible because it is independent of underlying technology It is very important to understand underlying mapping technologies to understand this model 3 4 2 Koala The Koala component technology is used for the development of software in consumer electronics and it is developed by Philips It reduces cost of consumer electronic by using the cheap hardware Thread sharing technique of koala make it very efficient and effective by keeping number of thread low which results the low usage of memory 3 The Koala components are units of independent design development and reuse they can interact with the environment or other components through explicit interfaces only 11 The Koala component
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