The Computer Age, Programming
Contents
1. B gt 67 24 60 N 218 36 USE LINE POR NEAT CALCULATION Po 2 N 27 54 49 40 317 39 RADIUS 367 1 NEXT FILE L 4 16 17 1 31 HH 64 61 NEXT FIGE 3 C9UP3 LIMITS PART ONE 17 19 S 33 8 22 171 26 19 14 Soto B 52 94 8 12 be 7 16 153 185 24 RADIUS 1245 92 12 11 5 67 25 24 11 13 5 67 25 Uw 141 41 12 13 S 67 25 225 96 13 26 N 905 91 101672 ARC 141 76 RADIUS 1045 92 26 14 N 6 32 22 A 69 69 09 RADIUS 1645 92 14 16 N 11 17 19 245 37 ARC 253 37 RADIUS 367 eV 16 17 N 31 4 6 24 6 1 AREA OF PART ONE ALONG CHORDS AREA OF 6 SIDED FIGURE 64545 99 SQ FT OR 1 461849 ACRES SUBTRACT FOLLOWING AREA OF SEGMENT 13 14 15 396 53537 SQFT OR 9 110 566 3 ACRES ADD FOLLOWING AREA OF SEGMENT 14 16 IS 3646 3353 50 OR 6 2790U67Er2 ACRES ADD FOLLOWING AREA Of SEGMENT 15 12 IS 445 59062 SOFT OR 1 0229353 2 ACRES NEAT ILE STORE STORE IN COUP STORED NEXT FILE NONE RUNNING TIME 9 9 SECS 1 0 TIME 12 5 SECS THE RESULTS OF A RUN 95 lt OLD sCOUPe READY LISTNH gA 54 CLOSURE FROM6 TO6 99 1 5 19994 19904 19 4 7 110 6 7 3 67 35 346 53 20 g a Se 25 p 245 139 9 4 22 25 232 85 CLOSE 14 9 41 31 A 79 38 159 452 79 22 47 199 56 168 5 10 2 37 55 176 91 19 5 2 37 550 ess 09 175 GH SHECK TIE 180 2 188 199 4 5 3 4 79 22 40 433 71 208 11 3512. 146752653 10229 45 4 10511605 10157 66 2097 9944 58 05 253 9533 92 9734 531 vu 96 19 654 9586 e225 9 497 429 7543 244 95535 9855 9934 49 9729 417 9551 075 9614 795 9629 6965 966 3 9755615 156 670 976 01 431 9593 452 9953 15 9538 5 96 41 225 ABOVE LIST OF CO ORDINATES THE JOB BELOW 7 4 TIME SHARING TERMINAL
3. 99 1145 92 295 4 9 20 1 31 AG 291 54 219 12 290 92 ang 229 4 B 21 2 22 25 28 239 4 21 22 1 67 25 498 J 240 23 5 19 21 22 11 Z 2549 8 11 13 1845 92 3 67 25 SeT 269 1 22 12 1245 92 3 57 254 275 lt 14 1945 92 367 289 512 15 1245 92 357 299 4 20 16 2 58 56 33 390 9 1 15 18 1245 92 200 315 59 USE LINE FOR NEXT CALCULATION 320 3 1516 367 READY OLD sCOUP3 n vse Lie HUE READY LIST NH 1 11 5 4 25 119 43 45 200 226 5 25 18 17 19 SET 3 8 1 5 2 1945 92 3 31 21 19 50 LIMITS OF PART ONE 52171921918 3 18 12 1245 92 6 2 12 11 211 13 2 12 13 3 13 25 1945 92 CALC Linas TS 7 3 26 14 1045 92 3 14 16 367 2 16 17 8 58 AREA OF PART ONE ALONG CHORDS 9146 12 13 14 16 17 18 24 SUBTRACT FOLLOWING 15 13 14 1945 92 CALC 002 15 52 ADD FOLLOWING 15 14 15 367 50 ADD FOLLOWING 15 18 12 1245 92 ACTUAL FILES COUP I READY LISTNH l 2 3 4 gt 6 7 J l 1 20 2 22 24 pA pe pe pe e p eee eee eee ee d fee CANDU gt 2 ne 26 9294 470 14275 8816 10420 753 10377552 1 4 1 96672655 1094342 1039 597 1 1 24 16154 65 1421723468 19130 574 1022 1 637 1 429 526 10465 62 1 052 543 1Q33P 4614 10377 144 10452 223K
4. The Computer Age Programming Why and How by Harry Coupland OLS George Brown College of Applied Arts and Technology Toronto If you are like me then you probably find yourself with Grade 13 education of a few years ago somewhat baffled by the current level of technical papers They seem to require a knowledge of calculus statistics electronics geodesy While not meaning to suggest that these subjects are unnecessary or that we are uneducated or slow it does seem more realistic to admit our weak nesses and try to apply our own educa tion and experience to the newer tech nologies One such technology may be found in the field of computers Whereas most surveyors are now using computers of one sort or another think that they are a little mystified by it all It is my intention to show that with only common sense and your own back ground in survey mathematics you can easily learn enough about computer sys tems and languages to enable you to write all your own programs and thereby be less dependent on the firms that sell you the hardware in the first place We ourselves got into this approach quite by accident Ever since the incep tion of the survey technician program in 1965 it was our wish to purchase a programmable type of calculator but budgets being what they are we never got beyond the wishing stage am glad now that we never acquired such a machine because our school made the major decision
5. he machine down considerably The most usual question is FILE or NEXT FILE In our current case we would type FILE 1 to the question FILE NAME The computer would then carry Out the list of instructions included in FILE 1 Answers may or may not be printed depending on the earlier instruction To the question NEXT FILE the response could be one of many but it is usual to end a run with the word STORE This will enable the operator to store the infor mation for recall at any time In this case all the calculated co ordinators would stored FILE 2 The word NONE to the question NEXT FILE will cause the computer to exit the program 10 If the work in FILE 1 is without error and is no longer required it is removed from permanent stor age by the word UNSAVE 11 If the list of co ordinates in FILE 2 are required they are listed 12 All work completed the line is disconnected by typing BYE Obviously this does not describe fully the complete operation A sample job is shown elsewhere It is my opinion that time shared computer system has enough advan tages over the programmable calculator method that it should be carefully con sidered before acquiring any new hard ware It is not my intention however to sell computer time and as have not yet reached my goal in this article had better get down to brass tacks It is a foregone conclusion that most continued on
6. les office at Toronto spoke possessory boundaries stressing not only the period of time over which the possession had been in existence but also its character and the fact there can be no break in the time that is the posession must be every day for 10 years with no break even for one day Mr O Grady supported his talk with judge ments handed down by the Courts regarding possessory boundaries and also in some cases judgements handed down by the Appeal Court As O Grady pointed out it was interesting to note the high percentage of successful appeals MacKay of the Director of Titles Office spoke on water boundaries he also included in his address judicial decisions on some of the more interest ing cases he had encountered After lunch break the meeting resumed with the three speakers forming a panel and answering questions from the floor This proved to be quite a lively afternoon session We were very fortunate to secure speakers of the cailbre we did and we thank these men for giving up the time necessary to make the meeting a success BLOOR Lo OFFSET 67 55 7 6 8 7 ZO OFFSET 2 dss fl a a eee BIT KLE SURVEY READY RUNNA PRINT ALL PILE COUP CLOSURE F ROME TOA PART 234755 1 6 5 5 6 67 42 35 W 0 CONTINUE CHECK TIF
7. nces cal culates new points de termines areas in short does all usual survey calculations You too can learn in a very short time enough programming to solve all your usual survey problems calculate your payroll keep a status file on current jobs or even play noughts and crosses with the kids If you would like a copy of any of the above programmes or a user s manual for SURVEY please drop us a line and we will be glad to send them out There is no charge and you are completely free to chop and change as you see fit The address is Harry Coupland O L S George Brown College of Applied Arts and Technology 51 Teraulay Street Toronto Ontario Law and Surveying continued from page 17 Sacred 66 A further example of this strange phenomenon was observed again during my formative years surveying in northern Ontario where posts planted during the Original survey Circa 1900 may still be found in place the scribed lettering still legible Imagine if you will the surveyor having found an original post marking a lot corner carefully cross referencing the centre of the post before replacing it to the nearest hundredth of a foot with a standard iron bar He would then proceed to the intersection of two road allowances where on finding two original posts on opposite sides of the inter section he would measure between them only to discover that they were 63 feet apart rather than the sacred 66 Without any appare
8. nt pangs of conscience he replaced one of the posts with great precision summarily yanked out the other and planted S 1 66 feet from the first The moral if such is the term to be drawn from these anecdotes has two elements The first is that roads are not necessarily the same width as might be indicated by the plan of survey that creates them The second suggests that the unalterable status of original monu ments is not fully understood Re establish Limit To pursue the matter a bit further the question arises as to the manner of re establishing street limits after the Original evidence has disappeared The responses must sound redundant and will come as no surprise the limit must be re established from the best available evidence of its original location If any conclusions may emerge from this dissertation surely the most pro minent would be the acknowiedgment that have barely scratched the surface of the philosophy set out to examine The status and affect of conventional lines surveys by unqualified surveyors fences and lines by parol agreement etc come to mind and with the kind for bearance of publisher and reader we may examine some of these in future Quarterlies Guest Editorial continued from page 3 acceptable practical experience We cannot understand why the A O L S Council is so reluctant to investigate and evaluate our Program We intend to demonstrate to business indus
9. page 23 Programming Why and How continued from page 22 of us are using a computer of one kind or another Who though is doing your calculations and do mean who is pushing the buttons If you are using Co Go it is a group from M I T Is it a tape deck or a card supplied by the manufacturer or another program supplied by a soft ware company If so there is a strong chance that you have not seen the program you do not know how it works and you are unable to modify it to suit your needs If this makes you feel that you have turned your cal culations over to hirelings and you are on longer in control but that the machine is beginning to rule your life then strongly suggest that you learn a com puter language do not think that it particularly matters which language but myself have a preference for BASIC as that is the language with which am most familiar With no more than four hours of instruction we at George Brown have developed several programs all written in BASIC which do all kinds of work Some of these are as follows COROTE rotates and moves co ordinates from one axis to another Ed Note Illustrations for the article are on pages 24 25 CO PLOT plots a co ordinate file on the teletypewriter by a series of asterisks to within one twelfth of an inch CURVAL calculates curve align ment problems gives all curve data and stake out information SURVEY closes bala
10. th and can be used as a regular telephone or for tele communications In addition time must be rented from a firm which owns the computers am uncertain as to this cost The actual method of calculation of a survey job we recommend to our students is described below 1 Prepare a field sketch and num ber all required points 2 Write up a list of commands on ordinary paper that correspond to the program used We use a program developed by us called Survey 3 Prepare a paper tape of this list on the terminal in the mode This operation is entirely free of cost and is the most time con suming part of the operation 4 Proof read the tape 5 Dial up the computer After acces sing the computer you must type in your user number and a secret password or the computer will break the connection 6 A file is created and the tape is fed to the computer This file is then saved and will now contain a permanent listing of the program commands Let us refer to this as FILE 1 7 A second dummy file referred to here as FILE 2 is created and 98 saved This witl be used later to store the co ordinates if required 8 The actual program or other is accessed and asked to RUN 9 At the appropriate places certain questions will be typed by the computer These must be an swered by the correct response The questions are kept to a mini mum as they tend to slow t
11. to put in a complete time sharing computer system We are now extremely flexible and find ourselves in the position of having the latest im provements to the system always avail able Certainly if we had purchased one of the simpler machines a few years ago we would now be looking for a more improved model Time sharing is based on the fact that the computer is capable of such fantastic speeds and that it can handle the work load from several people at one time The configuration of such a system finds a central data processor at some loca tion which is connected by regular tele phone wires to a series of remote ter minals These remote units are usually teletypewriters similar to those used in the telecommunications field and in fact can be used for the same purpose However other pieces of equipment can be used such as cathode ray tubes or plotters Most of the 30 or so remote terminals at George Brown College are connected to the GE 400 computer now Honeywell by dialing the computer num ber on a regular telephone When the proper signal is heard the hand set is placed on a cradle which translates the electronic signals into sound signals to be sent over the wires In the survey section we have decided to use hard wired terminals instead because of their more refined signal and excellent Bell service Our terminals are complete with tape punch and reader This type of terminal can be rented for around 115 per mon
12. try prospective students parents alumni and the general public the uniqueness of Ryerson and the kind of education it offers Our program is and will be open for further comments and improvements and we would appreciate receiving from you any remarks or suggestions in order that revisions if necessary may be made Se A SAMPLE SURVEY JOB In order to illustrate our method of computation using the program Survey we enclose the following pages 1 a sample page of notes with all necessary points numbered Page 2 the two input files Coup 2 for set up Coup for limits and area Page 3 the results of a computer run showing limits and area Page 4 a listing of the final co ordinates taken from file Coup 1 It is interesting to note that the time required to set up and prepare the inputs for his job was approximately one hour This compared with 7 minutes of real time to run but only 24 seconds of computer time to compute Obviously a typist could save even more time In cidentally the errors that occur are usually the same errors that one would find if the job was calculated in the conventional manner i e wrong quad rant transposition of figures or data left out 26 and 27 Regional Group News continued from page 21 of the subdivision J G O Grady a solicitor having a great deal of experience in property law and a background including experience in the land tit
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