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1. Ferner Freunde gedenkt und der Jugendzeit und die Brunnen Some poetical works have lines that are in fact short paragraphs These are typeset with an indentation after the first line equal to that of a turnover line clearly the Locus excessus should be in the vicinity of the left margin leaves 74 TYPESETTING POETRY Locus excessus leftmargin 3em Modus justified I do not doubt that from under the feet and beside the hands and face I am cognizant of are now looking faces I am not cognizant of calm and actual faces 4 Measure I need no assurances I am a man who is preoccupied of his own soul I do not doubt that from under the feet and beside the hands and face I am cognizant of are now looking faces I am not cognizant of calm and actual faces I do not doubt but the majesty and beauty of the world are latent in any iota of the world I do not doubt I am limitless and that the universes are limitless in vain I try to think how limitless I do not doubt that the orbs and the systems of orbs play their swift sports through the air on purpose and that I shall one day be eligible to do as much as they and more than they I do not doubt that temporary affairs keep on and on millions of years I do not doubt interiors have their interiors and exteriors have their exteriors and that the eyesight has another eyesight and the hearing another hearing and the voice another voice
2. In the tomb by the side of the sea PoE Annabel Lee Notice how has been used to set the indentation in the irregular strophes recall that within Versus at the start of a line inserts a space equal to the value of the indentation unit from Forma stropha here 1 5em With explicit marking the indentation specified for a line by Forma stropha is ignored with one exception the request specified by z for indentation if and only if the line occurs at the top of a page is honoured Explicitly marking the start of a strophe is hardly worthwhile leaving some blank space would be just as effective unless you want to have some text automatically inserted before each strophe as described in the next section Numbering the strophes The title of this section refers to most common application of the mechanism we are about to describe but the mechanism itself is fully general in nature The argument of the Facies stropha attribute specifies a list of arbitrary commands that are to be executed at the implicit or explicit start of a strophe Forma stropha 0010 Facies titulus SpatiumSupra 75 leading SpatiumInfra 25 leading Facies titulus numerus 1 Facies numerus romannumeral 1 numerus 0 Awake For Morning in the Bowl of Night Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight And Lo the Hunter of the East has caught The Sultan s Turret in a Noose of Light 60 TYPESETTING POETR
3. STAGE DIRECTIONS 107 e for a detached b SD the argument of Facies should include 1 since the argument of the command is passed as a TEX macro parameter e a textus object cannot be attached to a b SD The following examples illustrates the difference between an embedded b SD and a detached b SD and the difference between the latter and a p SD persona 1 Faustus Facies persona textit 1 textsc 1 Facies itshape Forma centred SpatiumSupra 5ex plus 5ex SpatiumInfra 5ex plus 5ex Facies textit 1 Forma centred Locus textus 4em That hath depriv d thee of the joys of heaven The clock strikes twelve O it strikes it strikes Now body turn to air Or Lucifer will bear thee quick to hell Thunder and lightning O soul be chang d into little water drops And fall into the ocean ne er be found Enter devils My God my god look not so fierce on me Measure gt No Faustus curse thyself curse Lucifer That hath depriv d thee of the joys of heaven The clock strikes twelve O it strikes it strikes Now body turn to air Or Lucifer will bear thee quick to hell Thunder and lightning O soul be chang d into little water drops And fall into the ocean ne er be found Enter devils My God my god look not so fierce on me Adders and serpents let me breathe a while Ugly hell gape not come not Lucifer Ill burn my boo
4. TENNYSON The Lotus Eaters Incipits may also be used outside Versus in fact outside of any domain Outside Versus you can place unindent at the start of Facies to sup press the paragraph indentation Facies incipit unindent 3 textsc 4 incipit Yes of course if it s fine tomorrow said Mrs Ramsay YES of course if it s fine tomorrow said Mrs Ramsay WooLF To the Lighthouse Facies incipit unindent 3 textsc 4 incipit L anno moriva assai dolcemente L ANNO moriva assai dolcemente D ANNUNZIO Il piacere Facies incipit unindent RelSize 3 1 2 incipit Eine kleine Station an der Strecke Eine kleine Station an der Strecke welche nach Ru land f hrt MusIL Die Verwirrungen des Z glings T rle Facies incipit unindent textsc 4 incipit Longtemps je me suis couch e de bonne heure LONGTEMPS je me suis couch de bonne heure PROUST Du c t de chez Swann INCIPITS 45 Facies incipit unindent textsc LetterSpace 1 2 4 incipit Longtemps je me suis couch e de bonne heure LONGTEMPS je me suis couch de bonne heure PROUST Du c t de chez Swann Notice the use of 4 in the second version of Proust s incipit While in the first version 1 2 would give the same result in the second because of the peculiarities of the soul package the result would be Facies incipit textsc LetterSpace 3 2 1 2 L ONGTEMPS je me suis couch de b
5. By default the number is printed on every fifth line which seems to be the standard nowadays A different interval may be more appropriate for certain types of verse a poem in terza rima for instance is usually typeset with a number on the last line of each triplet You define a new interval by setting the Progressio attribute for the subclass Progressio numerus 3 numerus 121 E quella a me Nessun maggior dolore che ricordarsi del tempo felice 123 ne la miseria e ci sa l tuo dottore Ma s a conoscer la prima radice del nostro amor tu hai cotanto affetto 126 dir come colui che piange e dice Noi leggiavamo un giorno per diletto di Lancialotto come amor lo strinse 129 soli eravamo e sanza alcun sospetto Per pi fiate li occhi ci sospinse quella lettura e scolorocci il viso 132 ma solo un punto fu quel che ci vinse Quando leggemmo il disiato riso esser basciato da cotanto amante 135 questi che mai da me non fia diviso la bocca mi basci tutto tremante Galeotto fu 1 libro e chi lo scrisse 138 quel giorno pi non vi leggemmo avante Mentre che l uno spirto questo disse l altro piang a s che di pietade io venni men cosi com io morisse 142 E caddi come corpo morto cade DANTE Inferno v Notice that the last number has been moved to the single line that closes the canto The source is numerus io venni men cos i com io morisse numerus 0 E caddi come corpo morto cade
6. Specifying Buildindexes yes causes the index entries to be written to a file jobname idy This file must be sorted with the sorted output going to jobname idz The sort key is the string starting at the second character of the record and ending at the first character the sorting must be stable i e records with equal keys retain their original relative order If the document is in a language such as Latin or English that uses only standard ASCII characters a general purpose sort program may be used The command line for GNU sort is sort k 1 2 1 t s lt lt jobname gt idy gt lt jobname gt idz For a language that requires an extended character set a sort program that supports the appropriate collating sequence for the language is needed Typesetting an index Once the sorted file jobname idz has been successfully generated the in dex es can be typeset The argument of BuildIndexes is set to done or simply to and this causes any TypesetIndex commands in the docu ment ignored in previous runs to be executed The TypesetIndex command takes two mandatory arguments and an lt op tional argument gt The latter specifies which entry types should appear in T imagine that such a program must exist but I have been unable to locate a suitable tool available for both Unix and Windows 118 INDEXES the index the default is t in most cases a single type is specified but it is also possible to request
7. commands are especially useful for page headings since the titlesec package allows you to specify at the end of an argument a com mand name that takes a single parameter The command for underlining is Underline It takes as an lt optional ar gument gt a pair lt underline depth gt lt underline thickness gt which is used to set these parameters for just the current command the soul defaults remain in force The other commands are StrikeDut and Capitals with the obvious meaning guillemets The meaning of guillemetleft and guillemetright is obvious there is no excuse for disfiguring a document with Adobe s grotesque solecisms Old style numerals The 01dStyleNums command has the same effect as the standard IATEX command oldstylenums except that it leaves any non digit characters in the argument unaltered 40 SPECIAL TYPOGRAPHIC FEATURES Roman numerals The TEX primitive romannumeral yields lower case letters These are never used for Roman numerals in continental European countries where only capitals either full or small are used The RomanNumeral lt number gt and ROMANnumeral lt number gt commands yield the numeral in respectively small and full capitals Ordinal numbers The command ordinal lt number gt places the representation of the or dinal number corresponding to lt number gt which must be lt 25 in the control sequence theordinal For languages with grammatical gender a
8. Multas per gentes et multa per aequora uectus aduenio has miseras frater ad inferias ut te postremo donarem munere mortis et mutam nequiquam alloquerer cinerem quandoquidem fortuna mihi tete abstulit ipsum heu miser indigne frater adempte mihi nunc tamen interea haec prisco quae more parentum tradita sunt tristi munere ad inferias accipe fraterno multum manantia fletu atque in perpetuum frater aue atque uale CATULLUS Carmina CI STROPHIC STRUCTURES 53 The letter c or C causes the line to be centred within the text measure metapoet 22 Forma stropha c O d faillance universelle Mon unique va na tre aux moissons mutuelles Pour le fortes roses de l amour ella va perdre lys pub re ses nuances si solitaires pour tre son tour dame d atour de Maia All luia LAFORGUE Complainte des formalit s nuptiales The letter z or Z may be used as the first value It is equivalent to 0 unless the first line of a strophe happens to be the first line of a page in which case it is equivalent to 1 faust 19 The argument of Forma may also include objects of the class Nspatium to insert penalties and or vertical spacing between two lines of verse A high penalty will discourage undesirable page breaks for instance after the first line or before the last line Forma stropha 0 penalty 1000 10101241 penalty 1000 2 I cannot see what flowers are at my feet Nor what soft incense hangs upon the bou
9. What we want is a cross between topmark and firstmark something that will reflect the mark text that represents the state of affairs just after the first line of the page And TEX doesn t provide that plato stoops CAUTION In the current implementation this feature is something of a hack it works reliably if the marks are set at each line of the page but tends to give unpredictable results when the marks are set more sparsely Indexes teyvixd can build and typeset an index of all objects of a specified titulus subclass In addition for a collection of poems teyv xd can build and type set the index of first lines more precisely of the first lines of all poems 5 Indexing titulus objects You specify that objects of a titulus subclass should be indexed by using the indexes command in the Caput attribute of the subclass If the at tribute also specifies that the object should be moved to the table of contents and or the headline indexes must not be the first token in the argument the first token is interpreted as the control sequence for a sectioning com mand 111 The Nindexes command takes an optional argument a single letter specifying the type of the index entry By default an entry derived from a titulus object has type t you can specify any other letter except 1 as the entry type The commands for collecting information for the indexes and for typesetting an index allow you to select the
10. itshape 1 For the textus subclass the Modus attribute can specify a special option only available in this context and not elsewhere in the document Modus tIndexEntryText leaders When this option is specified a line of dots will be printed at the end of the text of the index entry to guide the eye across the page fleurs The leaders command takes an lt optional argument gt specifying the distance between the dots the default distance is 05 Measure If the lt optional argument gt of BuildIndexes includes the names of some numerus subclasses and you wish to insert the corresponding values in TYPESETTING AN INDEX 119 the index entry you should of course modify the Facies attribute of the textus subclass for the entry carmina f1eurs In most cases you will also need to change the Facies attribute for the numerus subclasses themselves in defining Facies you should always make an explicit test for the value 0 making sure no text is typeset for it teyvixd sets the value to 0 whenever it would not be appropriate to print the original value carmina f1eurs Setting the layout of the index An index is not usually typeset as a continuous uninterrupted sequence of lines group of entries sharing the same initial letter is separated from the previous group by some blank space and often the initial letter of the first line of the group is typeset in a larger font Sometimes the common initial le
11. CAUTION You must make sure that adding the lines for the indexes does not change the pagination beyond the table of contents itself APPENDICES Using the suite The teyvix suite consists of three packages TEXNIKA poetry and drama which are invoked through the standard usepackage mechanism poetry and drama automatically invoke TEXNIKA if not explicitly loaded There is a small set of options that may be specified on the usepackage command for any of the three packages repeat When the option is set at the end of the IATEX run if a second run is necessary a file with the name jobname rpt is created in the current di rectory By detecting this file a script can automatically launch a second run two sample scripts typeset bat and typeset sh can be found in the examples directory of the distribution Warnings When an anomalous situation for instance different objects overlapping each other is detected a warning message is sent to the log with the number of the input line causing the problem In addition the number is typeset in the margins on the corresponding document line enclosed within two asterisks This is the default action when no option is given The warnings option suppresses the printing of the number on the document line nowarnings also suppresses the message to the log nowarnings may have to be used for production runs to avoid a flood of messages for instance when poetry is typeset within a n
12. Hyphenation can be suppressed by using the unhyphenated or nohyphens command in Modus excessus Locus excessus textleftmargin 3em Modus unhyphenated Ringsum ruhet die Stadt still wird die erleuchete Gasse Und mit Fackeln geschmiickt rauschen die Wagen hinweg Satt gehn heim von Freunden des Tags zu ruhen die Menschen Und Gewinn und Verlust w get ein sinniges Haupt Wohlzufrieden zu Haus leer steht von Trauben und Blumen Und von Werken der Hand ruht der gesch ftige Markt Aber das Saitenspiel t nt fern aus G rten vielleicht dass Dort ein Leibendes spielt oder ein einsamer Mann Ferner Freunde gedenkt und der Jugendzeit und die Brunnen Immerquillend und frisch rauschen an duftenden Beet Still in d mmriger Luft ert nen gel utete Glocken Und der Stunden gedenk rufet ein W chter die Zahl Jetz auch kommet ein Wehn und regt die Gipfel des Hains auf Sieh und das Schattenbild unserer Erde der Mond Kommet geheim nun auch die Schw rmerische die Nacht kommt Voll mit Sternen und wohl wenig bek mmert um uns Gl nzt die Erstauende dort die Fremdlingin unter den Menschen ber Gebirgesh hn traurig und pr chting herauf A common typographical style aligns the folded text with the end of the first part of the line For this style you specify textrightedge for Locus excessus since objects of the textus class are aligned on the left you also need to change the alignment Locus excessus textright
13. The interval at which line numbers are printed need not be uniform In Italian typography there is a tradition of using line numbers to exhibit the strophic structure polizian So for a sonetto Progressio numerus 443 LINE NUMBERING 63 Solo et pensoso i pi deserti campi vo mesurando a passi tardi et lenti et gli occhi porto per fuggire intenti 4 ove vestigio human l arena stampi Altro schermo non trovo che mi scampi dal manifesto accorger de le genti perch negli atti d alegrezza spenti 8 di fuor si legge com io dentro avampi s ch io mi credo omai che monti et piagge et fiumi et selve sappian di che tempre 11 sia la mia vita ch e celata altrui Ma pur s aspre vie n s selvagge cercar non so ch Amor non venga sempre 14 ragionando con meco et io co llui PETRARCA Canzoniere XXXV As the example shows the last interval listed in the argument here 3 is used for numbering any further lines ad infinitum However if the last character in the argument is lt the entire argument and not just its last interval is repeated ad infinitum for a sequence of sonnets you need specify Progressio once only you must of course reset the lt line number gt to 1 at the start of each sonnet Progressio numerus 4433 lt When line numbers are printed on the right at a position that falls within the text measure harold sonnets it may happen that there is not enough room on the line for the number In
14. indeed came both together A man may have company when he sets out for heaven and yet go thither alone 64 CHRISTIAN We indeed came both together until we came at the Slough of Despond into the which we also suddenly fell And then was my neighbour Pliable discouraged and would not venture further Wherefore getting out again on that side next to his own house he told me I should possess the brave country alone for him so he went his way and I came mine he after Obstinate and I to this gate BUNYAN The Pilgrim s Progress When the lt dimen gt in the argument of the field specification starts with a sign line breaks must be set explicitly in the text by means of The effective field width is computed by adding lt dimen gt to the width of the longest line in the text June 18 1815 Novus textus thedate Facies RelSize 8 2 1 Locus textleftmargin 2mm Modus aligned right centered 0mm thedate June 18 1815 Napoleon then was right to strike for Brussels and Wellington taking station in the field of Waterloo was right to deny the road Napoleon then was right to strike for Brussels and Wellington taking station in the field of Waterloo was right to deny the road FISHER A History of Europe 18 THE TEXTUS CLASS Notice the use of aligned right in the Modus attribute 19 to force the right boundary of the textus object box instead of the default left bo
15. it is pos sible to handcraft any text to the highest typographical quality but such occasional exploits do not alter the general picture teyvixd is an attempt to fill the gap and provide scholars in the humanities and why not budding poets and playwrights with a way of typeset ting literary works to the best standards of reputable publishing houses with something of the ease afforded to writers on technical matters by the available TEX software The suite supports a simple mark up language based on a document model that takes the idiosyncrasies of literary texts into account especially those of poetry and drama The standard document model of SGML and de scendants is not adequate for the purpose as there is in general no direct correspondence between logical elements and typographical features But the models are very similar and writing a program to generate a suitable TEX input directly from a TEI encoded document should be a fairly straight forward task This is an interim release hence the fractional release number From the very start it has been my intention to provide all the facilities required for typesetting critical editions chief among them support for an apparatus But an apparatus presupposes a text typeset to decent standards and requires above all a robust and flexible coordinate system for the text a crude line vil numbering scheme is not sufficient Reaching these goals has proved a more complicat
16. pianto e novel dolore endArea sirma endArea stanza end versus Notice the use of Modus Delimiter 8 to reduce the size of the brace 26 THE TEXTUS CLASS Perch i no spero di tornar giammai ballatetta in Toscana va tu leggera e piana dritt a la donna mia che per sua cortesia ti far molto onore ripresa sirma Tu porterai novelle di sospiri piene di dogli e di molta paura ma guarda che persona non ti miri che sia nemica di gentil natura ch certo per la mia disaventura piede AB piede AB stanza tu saresti contesa tanto da lei ripresa che mi sarebbe angoscia dopo la morte poscia pianto e novel dolore sirma Bccddx CAVALCANTI Perch i no spero p With a slight change to the definition of the textus subclass Novus textus nome Facies Delimiter textit 1 Locus area extend textrightedge 5em Perch i no spero di tornar giammai ballatetta in Toscana va tu leggera e piana dritt a la donna mia che per sua cortesia ti far molto onore ripresa sirma Tu porterai novelle di sospiri piene di dogli e di molta paura ma guarda che persona non ti miri che sia nemica di gentil natura ch certo per la mia disaventura tu saresti contesa tanto da lei ripresa che mi sarebbe angoscia dopo la morte poscia pianto e novel dolore piede AB piede AB stanza sirma Bccddx ARE
17. the default is Oex or the value of SpatiumInfra if the attribute is defined If a textus object for which Locus is defined is instanced just before the p SD it is attached to the first line of the stage direction Facies itshape Forma justified Novus textus actscene Facies textup 1 Locus textleftmargin 5em Modus aligned right actscene 2 5 A walled garden adjoining the house of Dlivia two doors one leading out of the garden the other opening into the house whence there runs a broad walk with great box trees on either side and a stone seat next the wall A walled garden adjoining the house of Olivia two doors one leading out of the garden the other opening into the house whence there runs a broad walk with great box trees on either side and a stone seat next the wall SHAKESPEARE Twelfth Night Options The software automatically sets the option to identify the object class set justified set rangedright set rangedleft set centred set centredfinal har KU STAGE DIRECTIONS 103 cancel hanging indentation cancel parindent use the IXTEX page width instead of the text measure do not insert SpatiumSupra do not insert SpatiumInfra He 0 QP By setting the appropriate options it is possible to accomodate certain irregularities that sometimes occur within play Facies itshape Forma centred The octagon room at Sir Robert Chiltern s
18. a series of regular strophes preceded by a single different strophe the ripresa 26 To accomodate this pattern it is possible to split the argument of NProgressio into two parts the first to be used once only the second as many times as necessary The boundary between the parts is marked by a left parenthesis the right parenthesis is purely cosmetic and may be omitted Forma stropha 0 6 1ex penalty 100 1 penalty 100 01010 4 penalty 100 0 Perch i no spero di tornar giammai ballatetta in Toscana va tu leggera e piana dritt a la donna mia che per sua cortesia ti far molto onore Tu porterai novelle di sospiri piene di dogli e di molta paura ma guarda che persona non ti miri che sia nemica di gentil natura ch certo per la mia disaventura tu saresti contesa tanto da lei ripresa che mi sarebbe angoscia dopo la morte poscia pianto e novel dolore A STROPHIC STRUCTURES 97 Tu voce sbigottita e deboletta ch esci piangendo de lo cor dolente coll anima e con questa ballatetta va ragionando della strutta mente Voi troverete una donna piacente di s dolce intelletto che vi sar diletto starle davanti ognora Anim e tu l adora sempre nel su valore CAVALCANTI Perch i no spero Irregular structures Modern verse often exhibits an irregular structure of strophes or stanzas of varying length leaves more traditional compositions mariner may
19. a theatrical play besides the corresponding native TEX commands remain available STAGE DIRECTIONS 101 As mentioned earlier the two classes do not have subclasses other that the default subclass on the other hand objects of these classes often need to be typeset in a slightly different manner depending on the context To accomodate such variability without resorting to the creation of subclasses there exists a set of options that can be specified when an object is instanced Options are specified as a sequence of lowercase letters placed after the opening control sequence and terminated by or for respectively a p SD and a b SD For instance cs M rl M The presence of an option can be tested within the argument of an attribute typically Facies by means of ifthenelse using a special test not part of the standard set of tests of the ifthen package isopt lt character gt which is true if the options for the SD include the option associated with lt character gt If a set of options is to be applied to all objects of a class of stage directions it is possible to define it once only in the Modus attribute with the options or option command Modus option w Some texts pose special typesetting problems that require a greater degree of flexibility than is provided by the standard options To solve such problems you can define your own set of options to be tested within the argument of an attr
20. also present occasional irregularities of form within an otherwise uniform structure In such cases it is necessary to identify the start of a strophe explicitly by placing the stropha command before the first line If such explicit mark up is needed only in some section of the text while in the remaining parts the structure is defined by Forma stropha the boundaries of the section may be set in two ways 1 by enclosing the section to which the explicit mark up applies in a TEX group or 2 by placing the stropha command at the end of the section both methods are used in the example Forma stropha 010101 1 5em Facies spatium 1ex It was many and many a year ago Psi stropha And this was the reason that long ago In this kingdom by the sea Gr stropha 5t 1 stropha But our love it was stronger by far than the love 0f those who were older than we textendash Of many far wiser than we textendash si stropha For the moon never beans without bringing me dreams 58 TYPESETTING POETRY 0f the beautiful textsc Annabel Lee And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes 0f the beautiful textsc Annabel Lee And so all the night tide I lie down by the side Of my darling textendash my darling textendash my life and my bride In the sepulchre there by the sea textendash In the tomb by the side of the sea It was many and many a year ago In a kingdom
21. by the sea That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of ANNABEL LEE And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me I was a child and she was a child In this kingdom by the sea But we loved with a love that was more than love I and my ANNABEL LEE With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven Coveted her and me And this was the reason that long ago In this kingdom by the sea A wind blew out of a cloud chilling My beautiful ANNABEL LEE So that her highborn kinsmen came And bore her away from me To shut her up in a sepulchre In this kingdom by the sea The angels not half so happy in heaven Went envying her and me Yes that was the reason as all men know In this kingdom by the sea That the wind come out of the cloud at night Chilling and killing my ANNABEL LEE But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we Of many far wiser than we And neither the angels in heaven above Nor the demons down under the sea Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE STROPHIC STRUCTURES 59 For the moon never beans without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE And so all the night tide I lie down by the side Of my darling my darling my life and my bride In the sepulchre there by the sea
22. e C tait fort pr s de l obscur lac d Auber dans la bru meuse moyenne r gion de Weir c tait l pr s de l humide marais d Auber dans le bois hant par le goules de Weir AREAS 25 The lt optional argument gt of the area command that appears at the start of the argument of Locus can specify in addition to middle top and bottom two more options extend With this option after the object has been attached to the area the values of textleftedge and textrightedge for the area are updated to correspond to the left and right boundaries of the smallest vbox that would entirely enclose both the area and the object that has just been attached This allows for proper nesting of delimiters Novus textus nome Facies textit 1 Delimiter Locus area extend textleftedge 5em Modus aligned right nome ripresa textup textit sirma Area ripresa Perch i no spero di tornar giammai Cie ti far a molto onore endArea ripresa nome stanza Area stanza Modus Delimiter 8 nome piede RelSize 1 textup AB Area piede 1 Tu porterai novelle di sospiri piene di dogli e di molta paura kern 1em endArea piede 1 nome piede RelSize 1 textup AB Area piede 2 ma guarda che persona non ti miri che sia nemica di gentil natura endArea piede 2 nome sirma RelSize 1 textup Bccddx Area sirma ch e certo per la mia disaventura 5
23. for instance a combined index of titles and first lines The first and second mandatory arguments contain code to be executed re spectively before and after the body of the index is typeset As an index is typeset entirely within the boundaries of a TEX group any code in the mandatory arguments cannot possibly affect the rest of the document un less you use commands that result in global assignments which should be avoided unless you know what you are doing The first argument should contain code for typesetting the title of the index and for setting an appropriate headline for the index pages The second mandatory argument of TypesetIndex with the code to be executed at the end of the index is usually quite simple often just a clearpage command Setting the layout of an entry Within the first argument it also possible to modify the way an index entry is typeset this is done by setting the attributes of two subclasses created automatically by the teyvix software associated with each entry type a textus subclass for the text of the entry and a numerus subclass for the page number For the entry type x the name of the corresponding subclasses are respectively xIndexEntryText and xIndexEntryPage For instance to change the aspect of the page number in the index entry for a first line you can say Facies lIndexEntryPage oldstylenums 1 and to change the aspect of the index entry itself Facies lIndexEntryText
24. four instances of the same textus object in each of the following examples are respectively top middle axis and bottom The thin rule lies on the text baseline the sign in the third instance is centred on the axis where the bar line of a fraction would lie Cast a cold eye Cast a cold eye Cast a cold eye On life on death e On life on death On life on death Horseman pass by On life on death Horseman pass by Horseman pass by Horseman pass by 20 THE TEXTUS CLASS ABI VIATOR ABL_VIATOR ET IMITARE SI POTERIS ET IMITARE SI POTERIS STRENUUM PRO VIRILI LIBERTATIS STRENUUM PRO VIRILI LIBERTATIS VINDICEM VINDICEM ABI VIATOR ET IMITARE SI POTERIS STRENUUM PRO VIRILI LIBERTATIS VINDICEM ABI VIATOR ET IMITARE SI POTERIS STRENUUM PRO VIRILI LIBERTATIS VINDICEM To change both the horizontal and the vertical alignment you may specify the corresponding arguments in any order separated by a comma The multiples command The multiples or multiple command identifies a special type of sub class whose objects consist of a piece of text repeated as many times as necessary to fill a given width The piece of text is defined by the Facies attribute which for this type of textus subclass cannot contain 1 the argument of the command corresponding to the subclass name is used only to determine the amount of space to be filled with copies of the text defined by Facies The main
25. moin Le A Permanent Way Permanent Way A Die Beide Beide Die This feature is available for English French German Italian and Span ish The appropriate set of articles is selected depending on the value of languagename as set by Babel the default if languagename is not de fined is English The effect of is the same as that of as far as the ordering of the index entries is concerned but the original entry is printed at the position that would be that of the modified entry if had been used The Indexes command Setting the argument of BuildIndexes to yes does not actually start collec tion of index entries For this it is necessary to insert an Indexes command TYPESETTING AN INDEX 117 at the point in the document at which you wish to start collecting index in formation Collection will then continue by default up to the end of the document it can be stopped with the form of the command Indexes and resumed later by using the normal form again The Indexes command takes an lt optional argument gt the name of an alphabet 40 the uppercase letters of the alphabet are used as separators for groups of index entries If the optional argument gt is omitted the En glish alphabet is used the lt optional argument gt is ignored in any Indexes commands after the first The Indexes command in both the normal and the form cannot appear within Versus or Prosa Sorting the index information
26. noontide wakes anew The buttercups the little children s dower Far brighter than this gaudy melon flower 20 BROWNING Home Thoughts from Abroad With the default option for warning messages whenever a line number has to be moved more than once the offending line is marked as in the example above the number between the asterisks gives the position of the relevant line in the source file and a warning message is sent to the log In some cases you may decide that it is better to have the line number printed on the line preceding the one on which it would naturally occur where printing must of course be suppressed And after April when May follows numerus 0 numerus And the whitethroat builds and all the swallows And after April when May follows 9 And the whitethroat builds and all the swallows Hark where my blossom d pear tree in the hedge Leans to the field and scatters on the clover Blossoms and dewdrops at the bent spray s edge That s the wise thrush he sings each song twice over Lest you should think he never could recapture The first fine careless rapture 16 And though the fields look rough with hoary dew All will be gay when noontide wakes anew The buttercups the little children s dower Far brighter than this gaudy melon flower 20 BROWNING Home Thoughts from Abroad LINE NUMBERING 65 Omitting strophes Occasionally you may want to print only part of a poem omitting one o
27. of the command By placing some text usually SPLIT LINES 69 taken from the end of the fragment in the argument you cause the next fragment to be moved back by the space taken up by the text overriding the current value of SpatiumPost persona 1 titus Mais de gr ace ecoutez z persona 2 b er enice Il n est plus temps s 1 Madame Un mot t 2 Non N n 1 Dans quel trouble elle jette mom ame sea a e Measure en TITUS Mais de gr ce coutez BERENICE Il n est plus temps TITUS Madame Un mot BERENICE Non TITUS Dans quel trouble elle jette mom me RACINE Berenice V 5 You may also specify the space directly by putting a hskip command in the argument for instance hskip 5em With both formats a character at the start of the argument will cause the next fragment to be moved to the right for instance hskip 5em z if the text happens to begin with a character and you want the next fragment to be shifted to the left put relax at the start of the argument The form of the NN command shifts the next fragment to the right by twice the value of SpatiumPost with an lt optional argument gt n it shifts the fragment by n times that value The line number for a split line may be printed on either the first or the last fragment The latter seems to be the most common choice and it is the default To have the number printed on th
28. places a limit on the number of mile stones that can appear within a single paragraph the limit is of the order of 200 so it is very unlikely to be exceeded in any normal text Should the text you are typesetting contain a paragraph of truly monstrous length the teyvixd software will silently split the paragraph into smaller parts making sure that the join commissura in Latin between the parts is unnoticeable see The TEXbook exercise 14 15 If you suspect that a paragraph may have been subjected to this treat ment and want to see where the joins if any occur you can use the com mand Facies commissura with the argument specifying what should be printed at the commissura which always coincides with the beginning of a line A useful definition might be something like Facies commissura llap textparagraph kern 1em If you judge that it would be better to split the paragraph at an earlier point than the one selected by the software you can force the split by inserting the commissura command at that point Note however that it is generally unsafe to put such a command within the first 20 or so lines of a paragraph the result is likely to be an Underfull box Special features For each line processed within Prosa the teyvix software sets two logical variables which may be checked in an ifthenelse test with boolean ParagraphFirstLine and ParagraphLastLine with the obvious meaning They may be used for instance i
29. refers to the file with that name and extension tex in the examples directory of the teyv x amp distribution one or more page numbers may follow the file name ix Acknowledgements In developing teyvix I have drawn as much as possible on the repertory of high quality software that has been developed for TEX over the years without it writing the suite would have been an impossibly complex task To start with thanks to Donald Knuth may seem perfunctory it is not so in this case I have lived and struggled with TEX for over four years and I have experienced many moments of bafflement and frustration Several times I have had to stop development as I could not see any way of achieving a certain result yet I never had the slightest doubt that what I had in mind could be done with TEX and that any apparent difficulty was due only to a lack of imagination on my part TEX is not perfect but it implements an extraordinarily coherent model of typesetting It was only at the very end of development that I was faced with some of its intrinsic limitations My thanks go next to Leslie Lamport for creating ATEX and especially to the LTEX team for the substantial improvements in ATEX 2e the structure of the teyvixd software depends in an essential way on the use of commands with an optional argument Stephan I B ttcher s lineno package has provided support for line and page control over most of the development of teyvixd Eventually I reali
30. shows the result is not always what one would intuitively expect and it is sometime necessary to proceed by trial and error Facies Delimiter 1 1 lbrace RelSize 9 2 1 OTHER TEXTUS SUBCLASSES 19 Peaseblossom Octavius Caesar RR ME Marcus Antonius Rees P M Emil Lepidus 9 Mustardseed You may also set the adjustment factor in the Modus attribute it then applies to all subsequent NDelimiter commands according of course to the standard TEX rules for grouping 25 The Locus attribute All the features described in the general discussion of the attribute 10 are available for the subclass The Modus attribute The aligned command By default a box containing an object of the textus class is typeset so that its left edge is aligned with the reference position the position defined by the Locus attribute or the current position if Locus is not defined and the baseline of the last or only line in the box is the same as that of the line to which it is attached Both the horizontal and the vertical alignment may be changed with the aligned command The arguments of aligned for the three instances of the same textus object in each of the following examples are respectively left centre right The thin rule marks the reference position Here lies One Whose Name was writ in Water Here lies One Whose Name was writ in Water Here lies One Whose Name was writ in Water The arguments of aligned for the
31. text laid out for the purpose of illustration in a somewhat contrived fashion counts as a single verse line persona homburg steht einen Augenblick wie vom Blitz getroffen da dann wendet er sich mit triumphierenden Schritten wieder in den Kreis der Offiziere zur uck Dann wird er die Fanfare blasen lassen Er tut als ob er schriebe HOMBURG steht einen Augenblick wie vom Blitz getroffen da dann wen det er sich mit triumphierenden Schritten wieder in den Kreis der Offiziere zur ck Dann wird er die Fanfare blasen lassen Er tut als ob er schriebe KLEIST Der Prinz von Homburg 1 5 Embedded b SD These occur within the text of a character s speech You should always define the SpatiumAnte and SpatiumPost attributes since any spaces preceding or following the object in the input are ignored If you are typesetting prose you should use lt glue gt with a generous amount of stretchability and some shrinkability to reduce the risk of Under Overfull boxes Options The following options are set automatically by the software identifies the object class e this is an embedded b SD b the b SD occurs at the beginning of a speech 89 The options you can set are r range the object right STAGE DIRECTIONS 105 1 place the object on the left a do not insert SpatiumAnte p do not insert SpatiumPost The r option is especially important as b SD of this type occur very fre quently Facies
32. textit 1 ifthenelse isopt r 00 Well may I get aboard This is the chase I am gone for ever rlExit pursued by a bear bre ne un Measure oe Well may I get aboard This is the chase I am gone for ever Exit pursued by a bear SHAKESPEARE The Winter s Tale III 3 Notice how the option is tested in the Facies attribute to omit the right bracket that would normally come at the end of a b SD this is an almost universal typographical convention When using this option you need not worry whether the object fits in the line if it does not it is automatically moved to a line of its own persona 1 Oth Othello persona 2 Des Desdemona Facies persona textit 1 ifthenelse isopt 1 textsc 1 Facies textit 1 ifthenelse isopt r 2 I am very sorry that you are not well r Exeunt 1 and 2 4 Measure gt Des I am very sorry that you are not well Exeunt Othello and Desdemona SHAKESPEARE Othello III 3 The test in Facies persona reflects the conventions of the style of the Arden Shakespeare which is used for these examples a character s name in set in small capitals within to use the terminology of the suite a p SD but in the font of the surrounding text within a b SD Within Versus if line numbers are printed within the text measure a b SD of this type may be shifted left to make room for a line number So the line that would normally
33. the line numbers that are traditionally attached to the lines of a poem or more rarely of a prose text It is very uncommon for line numbers to be at tached to every single line Usually they are printed at regular intervals the Progressio attribute for the subclass sets the interval s the default is Progressio numerus 5 Objects of a subclass for which the Locus attribute is not defined or is empty are never instanced automatically but only by means of an explicit command The command acting on a subclass takes the form of the subclass name followed by an argument both the normal and the form of the command are available In the next sections examples refer to the default subclass but of course you can use the name of any subclass CAUTION Any change to the value of the counter associated with a numerus subclass is global i e is made with an assignment prefixed by global 28 INSTANCING THE OBJECT 29 Setting the counter The normal form of the command sets the value of the counter associated with the subclass numerus 1 sets the counter to one The new value may be set relative to the current value by placing a sign at the start of the argument numerus 1 increases the value of the counter by one note that numerus 0 leaves the counter unaltered while numerus 0 sets it to zero numerus 0 has a special meaning it freezes the current value of the counter the value will be used on an
34. the text that follows up to the end of the paragraph Full hyphenation When text is typeset in a very narrow column it is often impossible to get satisfactory results except by allowing words to be hyphenated fully well beyond the limits of what is normally acceptable to TFX s line breaking algorithm This can be achieved with the FullHyphenation command which removes all penalties normally associated with hyphenation 42 SPECIAL TYPOGRAPHIC FEATURES Random text You can generate some random text with the Lorem command it yields a single paragraph containing 6 copies of the Lorem ipsum text 69 words that has been used by typographers for centuries You can specify in an lt optional argument gt a list of numbers for each number n in the list the command generates a paragraph containing n copies of the Lorem ipsum text Rules The Rule command generates a horizontal rule with a width equal to the value of hsize for the text in which it appears taking leftskip and rightskip into account The rule has the TEX default height 4pt and depth Opt You may change these parameters by specifying new values within an lt optional argument gt in the format required by the keyval pack age e g height 1pt In the lt optional argument gt you may also set the value for level which defines the distance of the rule from the baseline of the text by default the rule is placed on the axis where the bar line of a fract
35. to 1 at the start of each page The Spatium attributes The only spatium attribute for the class is SpatiumAnte when line num bers are printed to the right of a line of text it specifies the minimum distance between the end of the text and the start of a line number 63 The titulus class Objects of this class are pieces of text titles that are detached from the main body of the document and mark some significant division in the struc ture of the text They are instanced by using the subclass name as a com mand usually see Facies below followed by an argument The object is positioned relative to the current text measure with the form of the command it is positioned relative to the full textwidth Because objects of this class are always instanced at the point where the command is issued the Locus attribute is not meaningful Within the argument the command forces a line break The command takes an lt optional argument gt a spatium object that specifies the vertical space to be inserted between the lines the default is Oex or the value of SpatiumInfra if the attribute is defined The default for Facies is 1 and for Forma is centred By setting these attributes it is possible to implement some special typographical features for instance epigraphs Novus titulus epigraph Facies RelSize 9 1 1 Forma leftskip 45 Measure justified SpatiumSupra 2ex plus 5ex minus 5ex
36. types of the entries to be processed by the command Normally the index entry coincides with the argument of the command when an object of the titulus subclass is instanced if the argument is split over more than one line by means of NN commands the index entry is a single line in which each occurrence of is replaced by a space Sometimes you may want an index entry that differs from the command argument you can specify the index entry as the argument of an indexes command placed within the argument of the command instancing the object For a poem the argument of the command defining the poem title can include at any position the command Naddfirstline The result is a com posite index entry in which the title is followed on a separate line by the first line of the poem a collection may include several poems sharing the same generic title for instance Song or Sonnet and in the index each poem should be unambiguously identified by quoting the opening line metapoet 114 COLLECTING THE INDEX INFORMATION 115 titre Sonnet indexes Sonnet addfirstline Dame sans trop d ardeur a la fois enflammant el titre Sonnet indexes Sonnet addfirstline 0 si ch ere de loin et proche et blanche si The corresponding index entries are Sonnet Dame sans trop d ardeur la fois enflammant 71 Sonnet O si ch re de loin et proche et blanche si 72 MALLARME Sonnets Indexing first lines Indexing
37. 00 or so pages of The TEXbook up to and including Chapter 15 you should pay special attention to Chapter 14 How TEX Breaks Paragraphs into Lines where you will find it worthwhile to venture into territory marked by double dangerous bends You need no deep knowledge of IXTEX beyond the basic notions most ATEX environments are of no use in literary texts and are not guaranteed to work within the teyvixd domains But you should carefully read the user guide ATEX 22 for authors and follow its guidelines and rules For typesetting text in languages other than English you should of course use Babel Document mark up The document model The teyvixd software processes those parts of the input document that are identified by explicit mark up as objects belonging to one of a few classes any other part of the document is processed directly by IATEX or TEX While objects are recognized and processed wherever they are found the typesetting of complex documents requires the objects to appear within a domain which provides the necessary context Domains The suite supports two basic domains versus or Versus for poetry and prosa or Prosa for prose Higher level domains may also be defined at present there exists just one domain of this type drama or Drama for plays The case of the initial letter of a domain name is irrelevant The term domain not part of the standard TEX terminology refers to a section of text delimited by a
38. 4 b SD see stage direction B chner Georg 90 123 124 BuildIndexes 15 116 117 120 Bunyan John 17 Burns Robert 61 Byron George Gordon Lord 65 calc package viii 11 30 38 Capitals 39 Caput attribute 34 111 112 114 116 Carlisle David vii viii Catullus Gaius Valerius 52 Cavalcanti Guido 26 56 centered see centred centeredfinal see centredfinal centred 12 33 93 102 103 107 109 field in Modus 16 centredfinal 12 101 102 109 Chamfort Sebastien Roch Nicolas 34 Cino da Pistoia 31 Corneille Pierre 94 95 d Annunzio Gabriele 44 default subclass 6 86 101 default textus subclass 6 11 13 Delimiter 18 22 adjustment factor 18 in Modus 19 Delimiter 23 Dickinson Emily 46 domain 4 delimiters 4 nesting 5 Downes Michael viii Drama domain 4 6 86 drama package 6 36 86 121 DriveOut 41 DropCap 43 Du Bellay Joachim 49 EDMAC iv viii Eliot Thomas Stearns 48 49 endArea see Nendarea endarea 22 English 2 40 116 epigraph 33 excessus 71 73 INDEX Modus justified 74 75 unhyphenated 72 Facies attribute 9 13 empty 10 34 without 1 10 Facies stropha 59 Facies 8 10 47 field in Modus 16 16 17 75 97 Fisher H A L 17 FitzGerald Edward 60 Flipo Daniel viii Forma stropha 52 repetition factor in 54 partial strophe in 55 spatium object i
39. A ci Kisses him and rises and goes out s persona Sir Robert Chiltern walks up and down for a moment the sits down and buries his face in his hands The Servant enters and begins putting out the lights persona Sir Robert Chiltern looks up you get Kisses him and rises and goes out SIR ROBERT CHILTERN walks up and doun for a moment the sits down and buries his face in his hands The Servant enters and begins putting out the lights SIR ROBERT CHILTERN looks up WILDE An Ideal Husband I as in the edition of Wilde s plays published by Penguin Books in 1954 a book typeset by Unwin Brothers Ltd to very high standards Page headings and the table of contents For page headings and the table of contents teyv xa relies entirely on Javier Bezos excellent titlesec and titletoc packages as the author says of titlesec these are tools for the serious typographer that has a clear idea of what layout he wants The great versatility of both packages and their elegant interface make it easy to implement the features required for liter ary texts for which the standard BTfX sectioning commands having been designed for technical documents are quite unsuitable The main difficulty with literary texts is that while they often exhibit a natural division into sections most plays for instance are divided into acts and scenes the section headings are an integral part of the text and are therefore typeset directly by t
40. AS 27 wrap The object is wrapped around the area As much text as possible is typeset in a column having the same height as the area any remaining text is then typeset within the full text measure This very peculiar format is used for some of the glosses in Coleridge s Rime of the Ancient Mariner and is very unlikely to be needed anywhere else mariner Novus textus wgloss Locus area top wrap textrightmargin 20mm Facies FullHyphenation RelSize 9 2 1 Modus aligned top rangedleft 20mm wgloss A Spirit had followed them one of the invisible inhabitants of this planet neither departed souls nor angels concerning whom the learned Jew Josephus and the Platonic Constantinopolitan Michael Psellus may be consulted They are very numerous and there is no climate or element without one or more area And some in dreams assured were Of the Spirit that plagued us so Nine fathom deep he had followed us From the land of mist and snow endarea linewidth And some in dreams assured were A Spirit had Of the Spirit that plagued us so en Nine fathom deep he had followed us invisible inhab From the land of mist and snow itants of this planet neither departed souls nor angels concerning whom the learned Jew Josephus and the Platonic Constantinopolitan Michael Psellus may be consulted They are very numerous and there is no climate or element without one or more The m
41. EX counter 28 30 numerus 29 numerus 29 in 30 offset 11 NOldStyleNums 39 Ordinal 40 ordinal 40 The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors 50 122 package options 121 pagewise 32 parindent 12 91 102 109 Pascoli Giovanni 45 46 penalty 35 extension 35 Penguin Books 110 persona 86 Facies 86 Forma 91 Locus 94 95 97 abbreviation for 87 0 00 reserved 87 92 INDEX followed by a stage direction 89 multiple speakers 88 optional argument 87 position of command 96 persona 87 Petrarca Francesco 63 piede 25 Pindar 13 Plato v Poe Edgar Allan 24 58 poem 5 poem title 48 number as 49 poetry package 6 36 121 previous 52 PreviousLineShift 77 PreviousLineWidth 77 Progressio attribute 28 62 lt in 63 0 value 82 non uniform 62 options after 69 70 76 split argument 56 Prosa domain 4 6 80 line numbering in 80 commissurae 84 milestones 81 Progressio for numerus 82 Proust Marcel 44 45 p SD see stage direction Racine Jean 68 69 rangedleft 12 17 19 27 97 102 109 field in Modus 16 rangedright 12 33 102 109 field in Modus 16 reference 41 RelSize 38 relsize 38 relsize package viii repeat package option 121 rightmargin 10 rightskip 12 42 Rilke Rainer Maria 48 ripresa 25 56 INDEX ROMANNumeral 40 RomanNumeral 40 romannumeral 40 Rule 42 optional
42. FABRE Lebe wohl Danton Ich sterbe doppelt DANTON Adieu mein Freund Die Guillotine ist der beste Arzt HERAULT will Danton umarmen Ach Danton ich bringe nicht einmal einen Spa mehr heraus Da ist s Zeit Ein Henker st t ihn zur ck DANTON zum Henker Willst du grausamer sein als der Tod Kannst du verhin dern da unsere K pfe sich auf dem Boden des Korbes k ssen B CHNER Dantons Tod IV 7 The software checks for this combination only if the second parameter 2 appears within Facies persona however if any token is found between persona and the two items are processed independently If you have 2 in Facies persona and for some reason you wish in a particular instance to prevent the two items from being treated as a combination just put relax or in front of There is an exception to this rule a comma placed immediately after persona does not count as a token separating it from the stage direction Facies persona textsc MakeLowercase 1 2 textemdash 2 montrant ma itre Jacques Pour votre payement HARPAGON montrant maitre Jacques Pour votre payement voil un homme que je vous donne a pendre MOLIERE L avare V 6 This simple mechanism is adequate for most texts if you need finer con trol over the way the combination is typeset you can use ifthenelse antocleo Names in stage directions The names of the characters also appear in stage directions whe
43. Facies defines the appearance of the object on the printed page by specifying for instance the font and special options such as letter spacing e Forma defines the shape of a contiguous set of lines associated with the object that are to be treated as a unit the unit often but not always coincides with a TEX paragraph e Locus defines the position of the object in relation to the main body of the document e Modus specifies options that modify the standard way of processing the object e SpatiumAnte SpatiumPost SpatiumSupra SpatiumInfra define the empty space to be left on the page respectively before after above and below the object These are only summary indications the precise format and meaning of attribute definitions are explained in detail later on 8 THE DOCUMENT MODEL Setting the subclass attributes The examples that follow define attributes using a realistic value for the argu ment The precise format of an argument is explained later for the purposes of the present discussion an intuitive understanding of the meaning of the argument is quite sufficient An attribute for a subclass is defined by writing after the name of the at tribute the name of the subclass followed by the definition enclosed within braces Facies numerus oldstylenums 1 Some attributes can have two different definitions to be used alternatively depending on the context in most cases the two definitions are as
44. GIANFRANCO BOGGIO TOGNA Teyvixd TYPESETTING FOR THE HUMANITIES User Manual Version 0 9 November 2006 Copyright Gianfranco Boggio Togna 2006 Contents Preface Notation Acknowledgements Introduction Back to the Classics TEX and friends I Document mark up The document model Domains PS The Versus domain The Prosa domain The Drama domain Classes and objects Defining a subclass Attributes SS te es ae Setting the subclass attributes The Facies attribute The Locus attribute The Forma attribute The Modus attribute The Spatium attributes The textus class The default textus subclass The Facies attribute The Locus and Modus attributes Shifting Versus only Other textus subclasses The textus object The Facies attribute Delimiters ili vi vii D I D Aa OO Oo emee D NNO 13 13 14 14 15 15 18 18 CONTENTS The Locus attribute The Modus attribute The aligned command The multiples command The Forma attribute The Spatium attributes Areas The numerus class The numerus object Setting the counter Instancing the object IATEX counters The Facies attribute The Locus attribute The Modus attribute The aligned command The pagewise command The Spatium attributes The titulus class The Facies attribute The Modus attribute The Spatium attributes The spatium class The Facies attribute T
45. I do not doubt that the passionately wept deaths of young men are pro vided for and that the deaths of young women and the deaths of little children are provided for Did you think Life was so well provided for and Death the purport of all Life is not well provided for I do not doubt that wrecks at sea no matter what the horrors of them no matter whose wife child husband father lover has gone down are provided for to the minutest points I do not doubt that whatever can possibly happen anywhere at any time is provided for in the inherences of things I do not think Life provides for all and for Time and Space but I believe Heavenly Death provides for all WHITMAN Assurances Notice the justified option in Modus it causes the first part of a normal line i e a line that is folded once only to be typeset just like the first part of a line that has to be folded more than once Even when there are no lines folded more than once it is better to justify the first part of folded lines when they are so long The difference is quite noticeable FOLDED LINES 75 With justified Measure gt A glimpse through an interstice caught Of a crowd of workmen and drivers in a bar room around the stove late of a winter night and I unremark d seated in a corner Of a youth who loves me and whom I love silently approaching and seating himself near that he may hold me by the hand A long while amid the noises o
46. O bien aim e L etang reflete Profond miroir La silhoutte Du saule noir O le vent pleure R vons c est l heure Un vaste et tendre Apaisement Semble descendre Du firmament Que l astre irise C est l heure exquise VERLAINE La Bonne Chanson VI STROPHIC STRUCTURES 55 Another shorthand is provided by the optional argument of Nstropha which specifies the number of lines in the strophe if the argument holds fewer values the last value is replicated as many times as necessary Forma stropha 8 10 Non mor gi ch sue virtuti accolse tutte in quel punto e in guardia al cor le mise e premendo il suo affanno a dar si volse vita con l acqua a chi co 1 ferro uccise Mentre egli il suon de sacri detti sciolse colei di gioia trasmutossi e rise e in atto di morir lieto e vivace dir parea S apre il cielo io vado in pace TASSO Gerusalemme liberata XII When a fragment of verse is quoted its boundaries need not coincide with those of a strophe and it would be tedious to have to define a new ad hoc Forma for the fragment This is not necessary you can use the standard definition with a slash inserted at the position corresponding to the first line of the quotation Forma stropha 0 penalty 1000 101 01241 penalty 1000 2 Perhaps the self same song that found a path Through the sad heart of Ruth when sick for home She stood in tears amid the alien corn The same th
47. Sometimes poems are untitled and are just identified by a number Num bers can be typeset automatically by combining a titulus subclass with a numerus subclass reserved for this purpose carmina fleurs Novus titulus Titre Facies Npoem 1 SpatiumSupra 2ex plus lex minus 5ex penalty 100 SpatiumInfra lex plus 5ex minus 25ex penalty 10000 Novus numerus Npoem Facies RomanNumeral 1 Titre Heureux qui comme Ulysse a fait un beau voyage V HEUREUX qui comme Ulysse a fait un beau voyage Ou comme cestuy l qui conquit la toison Et puis est retourn plein d usage et raison Vivre entre ses parents le reste de son aage Du BELLAY Sonnets 50 TYPESETTING POETRY The text Typographical standards require poetry to be centred on longest line unless such line is disproportionately long in which case use optical centring from The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors which presents the house style of the Oxford University Press You set the position of the text by shifting Locus textus Locus textus 106pt 4 Measure gt ber allen Gipfeln Ist Ruh In allen Wipfels Sp rest du Kaum einen Hauch Die V gel schweigen im Walde Warte nur Balde Ruhest du auch GOETHE Wanderers Nachtlied With a large collection of poems computing and setting the appropriate shift for each poem would be intolerably tedious The software provides the option of having it
48. SpatiumInfra 2ex plus 5ex minus 5ex Modus unhyphenated Novus textus auth Facies textsc 1 Modus rangedright 45 Measure epigraph quad Il y a de certains d efauts qui bien mis en oe uvre brillent plus que la vertu m eme auth La Rochefoucauld Il y a de certains d fauts qui bien mis en ceuvre brillent plus que la vertu m me LA ROCHEFOUCAULD And by defining a simple command 33 34 THE TITULUS CLASS newcommand Epigraph 2 Anon epigraph 2 auth 1 Epigraph Shakespeare Plenty and peace breeds cowards hardiness even of hardiness is mother Epigraph Chamfort quad Il faut choisir d aimer les femmes ou de les conn aitre il n y a pas de milieu Plenty and peace breeds cowards hardiness even of hardiness is mother SHAKESPEARE Il faut choisir d aimer les femmes ou de les conn itre il n y a pas de milieu CHAMFORT The Facies attribute Whether the command takes an argument or not depends on the presence within the Facies attribute of 1 If it is present it stands for the value of the argument which must therefore be supplied if it is omitted the contents of the object are completely specified by the Facies attribute and no argument must follow the command name 49 An empty Facies 10 has a special interpretation for a titulus subclass As for other classes nothing is typeset but any actions specified by the Caput Spati
49. SpatiumInfra which specify vertical space to be inserted respectively above and below an object The argument is an object of the spatium class 36 For some classes it is possible to define the SpatiumAnte and SpatiumPost attributes for horizontal spacing They have a rather specialized meaning and are discussed later on The textus class As the name suggests objects of this class consist of text to be typeset as part of the document The default subclass unlike that of the other main classes is permanently reserved by the software for a special purpose The default textus subclass Any text that appears within Versus or Prosa and is not the argument of a subclass command is treated as an object of the default textus subclass You may if you wish make this relation explicit by writing textus lt some text gt where you would normally write lt some text gt but this is in most cases a pointless complication There are however circumstances where it makes sense you may for instance want to quote some words of the text inside a commentary that uses a different font quoting the words as the argument of textus ensures that they are typeset with the proper aspect ut pa puyd Blov amp vatov onetde x v 8 UTpAXTOV VTAEL uoorav v PINDAR Pythian IU Questi versi OldStyleNums 61 2 textus mh fi la yuxa bi on a qa naton textus speu de ta n d e mprakton a ntlei maxana n piacq
50. Y Dreaming when Dawn s Left Hand was in the Sky I heard a Voice within the Tavern cry Awake my Little ones and fill the Cup Before Life s Liquor in its Cup be dry And as the Cock crew those who stood before The Tavern shouted Open then the Door You know how little while we have to stay And once departed may return no more Lise i Awake For Morning in the Bowl of Night Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight And Lo the Hunter of the East has caught The Sultan s Turret in a Noose of Light ii Dreaming when Dawn s Left Hand was in the Sky I heard a Voice within the Tavern cry Awake my Little ones and fill the Cup Before Life s Liquor in its Cup be dry iii And as the Cock crew those who stood before The Tavern shouted Open then the Door You know how little while we have to stay And once departed may return no more iv Now the New Year reviving old Desires The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires Where the WHITE HAND OF MOSES on the Bough Puts out and Jesus from the Ground suspires v Ir m indeed is gone with all his Rose And Jamshyd s Sev n ring d Cup where no one knows But still the Vine her ancient Ruby yields And still a Garden by the Water blows FITZGERALD Rubay t of Omar Khayy m LINE NUMBERING 61 Line numbering To have line numbers printed you must select a subclass of numerus it is advisable but not ma
51. amples exhibit the rules that hold within the argument 30 THE NUMERUS CLASS e Spaces are ignored To get a space in the lt head gt or lt tail gt use or space e The lt separator gt may be any character that cannot occur within a number i e is not a sign or a digit e When a character that would be normally be attached to lt first value gt or lt second value gt should instead be treated as part of either the lt head gt or the lt tail gt you must enclose the entire lt head gt or lt tail gt in braces inserting relax after the left brace If lt first value gt or lt second value gt starts with a sign the number typeset is the sum of the value and the current value of the counter The form does not change the value of the counter associated with the subclass If you wish to update the counter at the same time put at the start of the argument numerus 1 typesets the value of the counter incremented by 1 and assigns this value to the counter If both lt first value gt and lt second value gt are present the value assigned to the counter is that of lt second value gt The form with an empty argument numerus disables printing for the line to which it is attached it must be placed at the start of the line before any text For a sample of complicated objects of the numerus class see 1gs BTFX counters The counter associated with a subclass is also accessible as a IXTEX counter wh
52. ang a pearl in every cowslip s ear SHAKESPEARE A Midsummer Night s Dream II 1 Note that both methods work only within Versus and only with the default style of speech heading If you are setting a text in prose you can temporarily switch to Versus within a TEX group woyzeck and if you are using another style you can switch in a similar way to the default speech heading style tempest Stage directions The taxonomy of stage directions is a notoriously controversial matter and no attempt has been made to devise a classification based on semantic cri teria As far as typesetting is concerned the way directions are placed in relation to speeches is far more relevant than any consideration of seman tics The two classes therefore differ in the placement of their objects for the first class which corresponds to what are sometimes called stage directions proper the object is detached from the speeches for the second actors directions the object is usually embedded in a speech though it may also be typeset as detached Objects of the first class are enclosed by a XC X pair objects of the second by a NE M pair To avoid lengthy circumlocutions we shall refer to the two classes as p SD and b SD respectively These are of course standard IATEX control sequences They have been hi jacked because 1 they are expressive and easy to type 2 it is hardly conceiv able that they should ever be needed in their original meaning in
53. angafter 1 hangindent 1em VICTORIA Oh happy they that never saw the court Nor ever knew great men but by report WEBSTER The White Devil V 6 For the second style barbier hamlet hangafter 1 hangindent lt dimen gt or parindent lt dimen gt Forma persona hangafter 1 hangindent 1em Since the attribute controls the shape of the entire speech and not just that of the speech heading there is some ontological impropriety in this extension But it saves having to define yet another class and it may perhaps be justified as a synecdoche 92 TYPESETTING DRAMA TALBOT Unsinn du siegst und ich mu8 untergehn Mit der Dummheit k mpfen G tter selbst vergebens SCHILLER Die Jungfrau von Orleans 111 6 Forma persona parindent 1em SAUL Sol con me stesso io sto Di me soltanto Misero re di me solo io non tremo ALFIERI Saul IV 7 As was mentioned earlier the two persona abbreviations 0 and 00 are reserved Their function is to ensure proper formatting of the speech in certain unusual circumstances 0 represent a null persona it does not cause any text to be typeset but it is otherwise a legal speech heading A situation where it is needed occurs fairly often in French plays because of the French scene convention of starting a new scene whenever the number of characters on the stage changes When a character is alone on the stage the fact is stated in the stage directions and it would be pointless
54. argin NN leftmargin lin Note how you can specify different positions for recto and verso You also have to redefine the text measure which is always the same for recto and verso and is set by default to linewidth with the measure option of the Modus attribute Modus measure textwidth 1in Both attributes may be changed as needed in a document preferably at a page boundary The current value of the text measure is available in Measure a lt dimen gt register For a visual check of the current value you can use the ShowMeasure com mand which typesets a graphical representation there are several examples in this manual if there is a textus shift see the next section its position is marked by a thin vertical rule There is also a ShowLineWidth command to display the ATEX linewidth Both commands also have a form which in addition prints the length in pt Shifting Versus only In poetry the starting position for text need not coincide with the Locus as set explicitly or by default in fact the text is most often shifted to the right and by an amount that may change from poem to poem You can specify a shift by writing as the argument of Locus textus a lt dimen gt expression that starts with a sign e g Locus textus 3em OTHER TEXTUS SUBCLASSES 15 If the shift is set within a TEX group it is cancelled at the end of the group otherwise it must be cancelled explicitly with Locus tex
55. argument 42 Sappho 51 Schiller Johann Christoph Friedrich von 92 Seneca Lucius Annaeus 83 Shakespeare William 18 22 34 70 88 89 91 93 95 99 102 105 106 Shelley Percy Bysshe 66 shift see textus shift ShowLineWidth 14 ShowMeasure 14 sirma 25 Sophocles 94 soul package viii 39 45 Spanish 116 SpatiumAnte attribute 36 XE 104 persona 93 SpatiumAnte numerus 63 SpatiumInfra attribute 17 33 102 SpatiumPost attribute 36 XE 104 67 69 speech heading see persona split line 67 adjusting 68 stage directions 86 100 name of characters in 90 options 101 user defined options 101 stanza see strophe stanza 25 StrikeOut 39 stropha followed by see omitted strophe class 52 marking the start of a strophe 57 127 stropha suppressing marking 57 strophe 52 first line 53 irregular 57 59 lines in 55 numbering 59 omitted 65 partial 55 subclass 6 attributes 6 7 setting 8 sub argument 8 Swift Jonathan 19 Swift Matt viii Tasso Torquato 55 Technica see Tey vind Tennyson Alfred Lord 44 TEX group 4 8 9 14 19 41 47 52 57 68 87 98 100 118 see also global assignment The TEX book iv vi 2 9 12 18 84 113 TEXNIKA see teyvixd Texwixd iv vi viii 1 2 4 10 15 31 34 36 39 43 78 81 82 84 111 114 118 119 121 122 TEXNIKA package 6 78 TextHeight 38 Ntextheight 38 textleftedge 11
56. arrow text measure many line numbers have to be shifted from their standard position by more than one line which is one of the anomalies that produce a warning sonnets 121 122 APPENDICES House styles One of the objectives in the design of the teyvixd suite has been to minimize the amount of mark up in the body of the document by allowing most for matting information to be placed in the IATEX preamble where it constitutes a sort of style sheet to use the terminology of HTML and XLM The custom of a printing establishment as to the general layout and design The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors is traditionally called the house style As the example files show teyvix allows the user to closely approximate any given house style As an experiment the teyvixd code implementing the styles of the Arden Shakespeare and the Penguin Shakespeare has been packaged respectively in the files arden hs and penguin hs antocleo is designed for and uses the Arden style while tempest is designed for and uses the Penguin style By switching the house styles you can typeset each play in the style of the other The command HouseStyle lt style gt looks for a file named lt style gt hs and reads it in The name of the current style is held in the housestyle macro and can be tested with ifthenelse for instance ifthenelse equal housestyle arden Index stage direction 100 101 Faci
57. at ofttimes hath Charm d magic casements opening on the foam Of perilous seas in faery lands forlorn Forlorn the very word is like a bell To toll me back from thee to my sole self KEATS Ode to a nightingale Sometimes especially for short quotations it is easier to set the indentation directly for each line rather than define Forma stropha The command at the start of a line inserts a space equal to the unit of indentation a space twice as long Sous le pont Mirabeau coule la Seine Et nos amours Faut il qu il m en souvienne La joie venait toujours apr es la peine vacua Vienne la nuit sonne l heure Le jours s en vont je demeure 56 TYPESETTING POETRY Sous le pont Mirabeau coule la Seine Et nos amours Faut il qu il m en souvienne La joie venait toujours apr s la peine Vienne la nuit sonne l heure Le jours s en vont je demeure APOLLINAIRE Le pont Mirabeau Both forms can take an optional argument gt NN n inserts a space equal to n times the unit of indentation lt text gt inserts a space equal to the space taken up by lt text gt when typeset you may also specify the space directly by putting a hskip command in the parameter With both forms a character at the start of the parameter will produce negative indentation for instance hskip 5em Some ancient verse forms exhibit peculiar structures A case in point is the Italian ballata which consists of
58. ause an error You can override the automatic assignment by defining the incipit explicitly incipit 0 der Seele N achtlicher Fl ugelshaft O der Seele N chtlicher Fl gelshaft TRAKL Abendl ndisches Lied You can suppress the automatic assignment by placing incipit or noincipit at the start of the text You may also redefine locally Facies incipit incipit 0 der Seele N achtlicher Fl ugelshaft O der Seele N chtlicher Fl gelshaft TRAKL Abendl ndisches Lied Facies incipit E s aprono i fiori notturni E s aprono i fiori notturni nell ora che penso a miei cari PASCOLI Il gelsomino notturno noincipit I watched the moon around the house I watched the moon around the house DICKINSON I watched the moon Typesetting poetry The Versus domain To typeset some text as verse just place it within a Versus domain versus Locus textus 6em C omo vive esa rosa que has prendido junto a tu coraz on Nunca hasta ahora contempl e en la tierra junto al volc an la flor endversus i C mo vive esa rosa que has prendido junto a tu coraz n Nunca hasta ahora contempl en la tierra junto al volcan la flor BECQUER Rima XII The Locus textus command to be discussed later shifts the lines to the right as verse is rarely typeset flush left Most poetry presents a uniform appearance but occasionally you may need to change the aspect of a section of verse For
59. available outside of teyvixd 10 1 lt first value gt 2 lt tail gt 3 lt separator gt 4 lt second value gt 5 lt head gt Novus numerus dates Facies ifthenelse isempty 5 textit 5 oldstylenums 1 ifthenelse isempty 3 textendash oldstylenums 4 ifthenelse isempty 2 textup 2 Cino da Pistoia dates c 1270 1337 Dino Frescobaldi dates c 1271 1316 Cino da Pistoia c 1270 1337 Dino Frescobaldi c 1271 1316 The Locus attribute In defining the Locus attribute you should keep in mind that objects of the numerus class are aligned to the reference point defined by the attribute on the right unlike objects of the textus class which are aligned on the left 32 THE NUMERUS CLASS The Modus attribute The aligned command When the Locus attribute is defined the numerus object is typeset so that the right edge of the box containing the last digit is aligned with the reference point The lt tail gt component if present does not affect the alignment to have the right edge of the lt tail gt aligned with the reference point specify aligned tail To align the left edge of the box containing the object to the reference point specify aligned left The pagewise command Within Prosa any line numbers attached to the text will by default run continuously The pagewise command causes the counter associated with a line number to be reset
60. be typeset as 106 TYPESETTING DRAMA persona Cas My hopes do shape him for the governor r A shot Measure Cas My hopes do shape him for the governor A shot becomes when the line carries a number Measure Cas My hopes do shape him for the governor A shot 55 SHAKESPEARE Othello II 1 The 1 option causes the stage direction to be typeset on the left of the text that follows in a manner similar to plain TEX s llap macro Compare 1 Heaven keep your honour safe 2 Aside Amen ISABELLA Heaven keep your honour safe ANGELO Aside Amen with 2 1 Aside Amen ISABELLA Heaven keep your honour safe ANGELO Aside Amen SHAKESPEARE Measure for Measure 11 2 Detached b SD A detached b SD is typeset as an independent paragraph with the shape specified by Forma The SpatiumAnte and SpatiumPost attributes do not apply A detached b SD is a b SD that is immediately preceded by a blank line this is the only exception to the rule that blank lines are ignored within Versus Only within Versus and not in any other context it is possible to omit the blank line and force the b SD to be treated as detached by specifying the d option explicitly see below A detached b SD is very much like a p SD with three differences e in typesetting a detached b SD the software takes the textus shift if any into account while a p SD is always typeset with reference to the text measure
61. by an argument defining the contents of the object sometimes the contents are fully specified by an attribute of the subclass in which case no argument follows the subclass name Defining a subclass A subclass is defined by using the command Novus or Nova or Novum as appropriate followed by the name of one of the main classes and the name of the new subclass For instance ATTRIBUTES 7 Novus numerus Nstanza Novus titulus Act There are no restrictions on the number of subclasses you may define except for those imposed by the resources available to TEX In any modern imple mentation of the program these are so abundant that you would be likely to run into trouble only with a number of subclasses running in the thousands the numerus class is an exception each subclass requires the allocation of a count register and there are 256 of them Even when dealing with a very complex document you will hardly ever need to define more than a dozen or so subclasses The form of the Novus command creates the subclass if it does not already exists otherwise it just clears all the subclass attributes which can then be defined anew Attributes The attributes of a subclass provide the information required for typesetting an object of that subclass Not all attributes are applicable to every class and some are meaningful only for a specific class There is however a core set of attributes that are generally applicable e
62. c 1963 78 TYPESETTING POETRY newlength MaxOffset setlength MaxOffset MaxLineShift addtolength Max0ffset MaxLineWidth makebox Max0ffset r 1 Document information At the end of a document containing at least one Versus domain the soft ware writes some statistics to the log file Here are some examples from respectively leaves metapoet and sonnets Package TEXNIKA Info Statistics for the Versus domain 587 lines longest 1045 20894pt The longest print line is 306 4059pt 230 folded lines longest turnover line 263 34738pt shortest turnover line 15 23877pt Package TEXNIKA Info Statistics for the Versus domain 855 lines longest 321 88551pt The longest print line is 321 88551pt No folded lines Package TEXNIKA Info Statistics for the Versus domain 2309 lines longest 253 07394pt The longest print line is 179 70085pt 1011 folded lines longest turnover line 99 12181pt shortest turnover line 8 73605pt A quick check of the values may alert you to the presence of anomalies for instance a very low value for the shortest turnover line Dirty tricks If you are typesetting actual verse you can completely ignore this section Some features of Teyv xa can be put to use in unexpected ways The contents of a Versus domain need not be actual verse In fact anything that results in an hbox can be treated as a line of verse this applies in particu
63. ck denken empf anden die R uhrung die uns beinah best urzt wenn ein Gl uckiches textit f allt Und wir die an steigendes Gl ck denken empf nden die R hrung die uns beinah best rzt wenn ein Gl ckiches f llt RILKE Duineser Elegien x Titles Titles are just objects of the Titulus class preferably belonging to one or more subclasses reserved for this purpose Novus titulus Title Facies MakeUppercase 1 Novus titulus SubTitle Facies RelSize 1 textsc MakeLowercase 1 Title L Epitaphe de Villon SubTitle En forme de ballade L EPITAPHE DE VILLON EN FORME DE BALLADE TITLES 49 Facies Title textbf 1 Title Mr Eliot s Sunday Morning Service Mr Eliot s Sunday Morning Service Facies Title RelSize 1 textit 1 Title Von armen B B Von armen B B For a titulus subclass to be used for titles you should always define the SpatiumInfra attribute and unless each poem starts on a separate page also SpatiumSupra which should include a generous amount of stretcha bility SpatiumSupra Title 2ex plus 2ex penalty 100 SpatiumInfra 1 5ex plus 5ex penalty 10000 SpatiumSupra SubTitle 1ex SpatiumInfra 1 5ex plus 5ex penalty 10000 L EPITAPHE DE VILLON EN FORME DE BALLADE Freres humains qui apres nous vivez N ayez les coeurs contre nous endurcis Car se piti de nous pauvres avez Dieu en aura plus t t de vous mercis
64. d sense for an object that has to be attached to a specific line of a paragraph that is typeset by the TEX line breaking algorithm not everything which is a milestone in this sense would necessarily be considered a milestone in the TEI perspective numerus and textus subclasses are identified as milestones by setting the Modus attribute Modus milestone With a numerus subclass the fact that the Locus attribute is set would normally cause the numbers to be attached as line numbers producing a flood of error messages to prevent this specify Progressio 0 for the subclass Progressio may be different from zero only in the special case of a subclass used for numbering the lines of a section of text corresponding to a milestone Note that for such a subclass Modus milestone must be specified even though object of the subclass are not strictly speaking milestones the counter for the subclass however must be reset to 1 at each milestone and therefore its value depends directly on the position of the milestone Novus numerus Nchap Facies RomanNumeral 1 Novus numerus Nsect Facies textbf oldstylenums 1 Locus rightmargin 1em Modus milestone Progressio 0 Novus numerus sectnum Locus rightmargin 1em Facies RelSize 2 textit 1 Modus milestone lYou may notice files with an auy extension in the current directory these are used to carry information about mil
65. default 1 is what you usually want Locus excessus textleftmargin 3em 4 Measure gt Ringsum ruhet die Stadt still wird die erleuchete Gasse Und mit Fackeln geschm ckt rauschen die Wagen hin weg Satt gehn heim von Freunden des Tags zu ruhen die Men schen Und Gewinn und Verlust w get ein sinniges Haupt Wohlzufrieden zu Haus leer steht von Trauben und Blu men Und von Werken der Hand ruht der gesch ftige Markt Aber das Saitenspiel t nt fern aus G rten vielleicht dass Dort ein Leibendes spielt oder ein einsamer Mann Ferner Freunde gedenkt und der Jugendzeit und die Brun nen Immerquillend und frisch rauschen an duftenden Beet Still in d mmriger Luft ert nen gel utete Glocken Und der Stunden gedenk rufet ein W chter die Zahl Jetz auch kommet ein Wehn und regt die Gipfel des Hains auf Sieh und das Schattenbild unserer Erde der Mond Kommet geheim nun auch die Schw rmerische die Nacht kommt Voll mit Sternen und wohl wenig bek mmert um uns Gl nzt die Erstauende dort die Fremdlingin unter den Men schen ber Gebirgesh hn traurig und pr chting herauf H LDERLIN Brot und Wein 72 TYPESETTING POETRY As the example shows the software tries to fit as much text as possible on the line by resorting to hyphenation While this is acceptable and even desirable to avoid glaring gaps on the page with very narrow columns harold sonnets most typographers prefer to move whole words only
66. e TEX primitive baselineskip penalty is normally interpreted as the standard TEX primitive to be fol lowed by a lt number gt but teyvixd supports an extension in which the ar gument is enclosed within parentheses or square brackets In penalty r and penalty r r is a real number lt 1 if the available space on the page is less than r pageheight when the object is instanced the current page is ejected and a new page started If r is enclosed in parentheses the current page is stretched by TEX to achieve the full pageheight with the risk of running into an Underfull box when r is within square brackets the rest of the page is filled with space This extension may be used for instance to avoid the problem of a poem starting at the bottom of a page fleurs carmina metapoet The spatium object lt glue gt is inserted with the IXTEX command addvspace The sequence of commands addvspace s addvspace s2 is equivalent to a single com mand addvspace mazimum of s1 s2 the same rule applies to the jux taposition of two spatium objects To insert lt glue gt unconditionally use 35 36 THE SPATIUM CLASS the form of the command corresponding to the subclass name vspace is used instead of addvspace The default spatium subclass is defined with Facies 1 and the corresponding command may be used to insert the vertical space specified in the argument New subclasses you may define will almost al
67. e first fragment place at the end of the argument of Progressio you may also write f to make the choice explicit and 1 for the default 40 70 TYPESETTING POETRY Some compositors take a more sophisticated approach when numbers are typeset in the outer inner margins the number is printed on the fragment whose text is nearer to the margin holding numbers With numbers in the outer margins you get To call his fortunes thine Viola Ill do my best SHAKESPEARE Twelfth Night 1 4 on left hand verso pages and But you should pity me Olivia You might do much 280 SHAKESPEARE Twelfth Night 1 5 on right hand recto pages With numbers in the inner margins the patterns for recto and verso are of course switched around For this sort of effects you can use 1f at the end of Progressio to have the number printed on the last first fragment in recto verso pages and f1 for the opposite combination FOLDED LINES 71 Folded lines The software can automatically fold lines of verse too long to fit within the text measure Folding is not enabled by default and long lines will produce a warning message this allows you to become aware of the presence of such lines which you may not expect and may prefer to avoid by adjusting the measure To enable automatic folding set the Locus attribute for excessus a predefined subclass of textus which stands for the turnover line You need not set Facies excessus since the
68. ed and time consuming task than I had anticipated I have a clear idea of how to implement support for an apparatus but turning the idea into code would take at least a year and quite possibly more And then not everybody prepares critical editions Though not formally designated as such this should be considered a beta release if for no other reason because the suite before being published has had exactly 1 user Ventimiglia Latte Milano gbt 2002 2006 N teyvinatate OeU6 dAdo UEV Texetv SuVATOS x TEX vri amp AAoc DE xpiva tiv Eyet uo pav PAGANE TE xal WpErlag tois u hhovot yooba PLATO Phaedrus 274e Notation Quantities appearing within angle brackets such as for instance lt dimen gt or lt number gt are used with the meaning they have in The TEXbook The same notation is employed for some quantities that are specific to teyvixd lt optional argument gt refers to the feature introduced with I4TEX 2e that allows a command to take in addition to any mandatory arguments an optional argument enclosed by square brackets see ATRX 2 for authors section 3 4 Quotations used for the purposes of illustration are typeset in a smaller font preceded in almost all cases by an excerpt of the corresponding source code typeset with a typewriter font Cross references are enclosed within square brackets and typeset with a type writer font A number refers to a page in this manual An alphanumeric string
69. ed for the text en closed by any pair of delimiters for the domain for instance within Versus stands for text that appears between any of of the delimiter pairs listed above for the Versus domain Furthermore poem is used as a shorthand for the text included in a single instance of the Versus domain The Versus and Prosa domains can be freely nested one inside the other and each domain may also occur recursively inside itself The software avoids any unnecessary overhead in domain switching it also checks that domains are properly nested and if they are not issues an error message if you are using an environment you may also get the usual I3TEX message about mismatched begin end commands The Versus domain Within the Versus domain e Blank or empty lines are ignored All vertical spacing must be requested explicitly Inter line spacing is fixed it does not stretch or shrink e Each line as read by TEX corresponds to a line of verse Recall that placing a at the end of an input line seamlessly joins the line to the first nonspace character on the line that follows TEX reads This is a single 7 as This is a single line line You must be careful about spaces TEX reads This is a single as This isa singleline line CAUTION If you use your own commands to generate some text be very careful about the definition Within Versus while the text is read the 6 THE DOCUMENT MODEL end of line character is acti
70. ed relative to the area the rest of the argument specifies the position on the horizontal axis The default value used when there is no lt optional argument gt is middle which corresponds to the midpoint of the area other possible values are top and bottom which correspond to the baseline of respectively the first and the last line in the area Novus textus translation Facies RelSize 9 2 textit 1 Locus area rightmargin 1 825in Modus aligned middle justified 1 825in Versus selectlanguage french translation Les cieux ils etaient de cendre et graves selectlanguage english Area 24 THE TEXTUS CLASS Forma stropha 011010101 The skies they were ashen and sober The leaves they were crisp ed and sere endArea endVersus The skies they were ashen and sober The leaves they were crisp d and sere The leaves they were withering and sere It was night in the lonesome October Of my most immemorial year It was hard by the dim lake of Auber In the misty mid region of Weir It was down by the dank tarn of Auber In the ghoul haunted woodland of Weir Les cieux ils taient de cendre et graves les feuilles elles tait p ris sables et mornes C tait nuit en le solitaire Octobre de ma plus imm moriale ann e C tait fort pr s de l obscur lac d Auber dans la bru meuse moyenne r gion de Weir c tait l pr s de l humide marais d Auber da
71. edge Modus unhyphenated aligned right Facies 1 FOLDED LINES 73 Ringsum ruhet die Stadt still wird die erleuchete Gasse Und mit Fackeln geschm ckt rauschen die Wagen hinweg Satt gehn heim von Freunden des Tags zu ruhen die Menschen Und Gewinn und Verlust w get ein sinniges Haupt Wohlzufrieden zu Haus leer steht von Trauben und Blumen Und von Werken der Hand ruht der gesch ftige Markt Aber das Saitenspiel t nt fern aus G rten vielleicht dass Dort ein Leibendes spielt oder ein einsamer Mann Ferner Freunde gedenkt und der Jugendzeit und die Brunnen Immerquillend und frisch rauschen an duftenden Beet Still in d mmriger Luft ert nen gel utete Glocken Und der Stunden gedenk rufet ein W chter die Zahl Jetz auch kommet ein Wehn und regt die Gipfel des Hains auf Sieh und das Schattenbild unserer Erde der Mond Kommet geheim nun auch die Schw rmerische die Nacht kommt Voll mit Sternen und wohl wenig bek mmert um uns Gl nzt die Erstauende dort die Fremdlingin unter den Menschen ber Gebirgesh hn traurig und pr chting herauf With any combination of Locus and Modus if you feel that it would be better to fold a line at a point earlier than the one chosen by the software insert at that point Satt gehn heim von Freunden des Tags zu ruhen die Menschen Ferner Freunde gedenkt und der Jugendzeit und die Brunnen Satt gehn heim von Freunden des Tags zu ruhen die Menschen
72. er hand you are a Latinist you will no doubt experience a feeling of deep revulsion at the thought of writing something like Facies numerus There is no need for this whenever appropriate the genitive and the accusative of a command name are defined to be equivalent to the nominative But the suite makes no attempt at enforcing proper grammar 2 INTRODUCTION and nothing except your self respect will prevent you from writing such horrors as for instance Forma stropham To avoid confusing readers unfamiliar with Latin the nominative form is used throughout this manual but the examples files generally have the in flected forms TEX and friends If you can find among the example files that are provided with the suite a document whose style is sufficiently similar to the style you wish to use for the text you are typesetting you can just copy the preamble of that doc ument possibly with some minor modifications If you take this approach you can get by with just a basic knowledge of TEX On the other hand if you have to typeset a complex document with a structure substantially different from that of any of the examples then you must be able to draw on all the resources of TEX Literary texts require very fine control over the smallest details of typesetting the invention of a simple yet powerful model for the basic typesetting operations is no small part of Knuth s great achievement You should be familiar with the first 1
73. es 102 options 102 stage direction 100 Facies 106 detached 106 embedded 104 options 104 109 multipurpose command at end of Progressio 69 70 76 forcing folding 73 forcing line break 33 102 114 SpatiumInfra 102 in speech heading 99 marking a line split 67 SpatiumPost 67 setting spacing 68 69 setting indentation 55 59 optional argument 56 sub argument separator 8 90 multipurpose command marking a line split 69 setting indentation 55 optional argument 56 Alfieri Vittorio 92 Alighieri Dante 62 aligned 17 19 31 32 axis 18 19 bottom 19 centre 19 left 19 middle 19 right 17 19 tail 32 top 19 alphabet 40 117 alphabetum 40 Apollinaire Guillaume 56 Area see area area 22 identifier 23 in Locus attribute 22 extend 24 middle 23 top 23 wrap 27 in Locus bottom 23 areas 22 27 nested 23 overlapping 23 Around the Bend viii Arsenau Donald viii aside stage direction 88 Auden Wystan Hugh 116 Auto 15 50 auto 15 50 at the end of a line 51 Auto 51 auto 51 Babel package 2 40 116 Bacon Sir Francis 80 ballata 56 baselineskip see leading baselinestretch 38 B cquer Gustavo Adolfo 47 Bezos Javier vii 111 Bierce Ambrose Gwinnett 16 Blake William 43 Bonnefoy Yves 116 Borges Jorge Luis 116 B ttcher Stephan I vii Bradford Curtis 77 Brecht Bertolt 49 Browning Robert 63 6
74. estones from the first to the second pass MILESTONES 83 Progressio 5 newcommand chap ifthenelse value Nchap 0 par Nchap 1 Nsect 0 newcommand sect Nsect 1 sectnum 1 Nchap 16 chap sect Ipsae uoluptates eorum trepidae et uariis terroribus inquietae sunt subitque cum maxime exsultantis sollicita XVII Ipsae uoluptates eorum trepidae et uariis terroribus inquietae sunt subit que cum maxime exsultantis sollicita cogitatio Haec quam diu Ab hoc affectu reges suam fleuere potentiam nec illos magnitudo fortunae suae delec tauit sed uenturus aliquando finis exterruit Cum per magna camporum spa tia porrigeret exercitum nec numerum eius sed mensuram comprenderet Per sarum rex insolentissimus lacrimas profudit quod intra centum annos nemo ex tanta iuuentute superfuturus esset at illis admoturus erat fatum ipse qui flebat perditurusque alios in mari alios in terra alios proelio alios fuga et intra exiguum tempus consumpturus illos quibus centesimum annum timebat Quid quod gaudia quoque eorum trepida sunt Non enim solidis causis innituntur sed eadem qua oriuntur uanitate turbantur Qualia autem putas esse tempora etiam ipsorum confessione misera cum haec quoque quibus se attollunt et su per hominem efferunt parum sincera sint Maxima quaeque bona sollicita sunt nec ulli fortunae minus bene quam optimae creditur alia felicitate ad tuendam felicitatem opus est et pro ipsis quae successere uoti
75. eyvix Obviously the information in section headings cannot be replicated in an explicit ATEX sectioning command yet it must somehow be passed on to ATEX for use in headlines and in the table of contents This is achieved by means of the Caput attribute which can be defined for titulus and numerus subclasses the attribute specifies which information in an object of that subclass should be passed to ATRX as if it came from the argument of a ATEX sectioning command The Caput attribute The first mandatory token in the argument of the attribute is the con trol sequence for a sectioning command either one of the standard IATEX commands or one defined with titleclass Caput lt subclass gt lt sectioning command gt In this basic form the attribute makes the argument of a lt subclass gt ob ject available 1 in headlines as lt sectioning command gt title for instance subsectiontitle 2 in the table of contents both as the implicit ar gument of a titletoc command for the lt sectioning command gt and ex plicitly as the value of thecontentslabel for such a command If you want the information to be available only for headlines or only for the table of contents you can specify the destination with respectively 111 112 PAGE HEADINGS AND THE TABLE OF CONTENTS Caput lt subclass gt lt sectioning command gt headline Caput lt subclass gt lt sectioning command gt contents With both the headl
76. f coming and going of drinking and oath and smutty jest There we two content happy in being together speaking little per haps not a word WHITMAN A Glimpse Without justified lt Measure gt A glimpse through an interstice caught Of a crowd of workmen and drivers in a bar room around the stove late of a winter night and I unremark d seated in a corner Of a youth who loves me and whom I love silently approaching and seating himself near that he may hold me by the hand A long while amid the noises of coming and going of drinking and oath and smutty jest There we two content happy in being together speaking little per haps not a word WHITMAN A Glimpse Such irregularities are always avoided by typographers even at the cost of some very loose spacing in the justified lines The justified command normally requires an argument specifying a field width but not for excessus where a field specification makes no sense Instead the command takes an lt optional argument gt that specifies the up per limit for the badness of a line that is being forcibly justified you get an error message if the limit is exceeded In Whitman s poems all lines could be justified without exceeding the TEX default limit of 200 but this is un likely to happen very often and you should be prepared to set a substantially higher limit To get a feeling for what the numerical values actually mean in terms of interword s
77. f the previous quotations you get persona 1 Macbeth persona 2 Lennox 1 2 What s the matter MACDUFF O horror horror horror Tongue nor heart Cannot conceive nor name thee MACBETH LENNOX What s the matter SHAKESPEARE Macbeth 11 3 which is clearly unacceptable But with another fairly common style the result is all right Facies persona textit 1 persona 1 Macb persona 2 Len persona 3 Maca X3 0 horror horror horror Tongue nor heart Cannot conceive nor name thee NN 1 2 What s the matter Macd O horror horror horror Tongue nor heart Cannot conceive nor name thee Macb Len What s the matter SHAKESPEARE Macbeth 11 3 Stage direction Stage directions are discussed in detail later For the current discussion it is sufficient to know that stage directions are enclosed by either NL and N or NC and When at the beginning of a speech the name of the speaker is immediately followed by a stage direction the two should in most cases be treated as a whole if for instance a full stop or a colon normally follows the name of the speaker the character should move to the end of the stage direction You specify how the combination should be typeset by using 2 within Facies persona the parameter stands for the text of the stage direction Facies persona textsc 1 2 persona Danton zum Henker Willst du grausamer sein 90 TYPESETTING DRAMA
78. for area 22 textleftmargin 1 textrightedge 11 for area 22 textrightmargin 11 textus shift 14 15 47 50 77 98 99 106 109 TextWidth 38 textwidth 11 38 theordinal 40 Thorup Kresten Krab viii titlesec package vii 39 111 113 titletoc package vii 111 titulus 33 titulus 33 128 INDEX Trakl Georg 45 46 TrueLineHeight 79 txndrop package 43 TypesetIndex 117 Underline 39 unhyphenated 34 72 unindent 44 Unwin Brothers Ltd 110 Val ry Paul 13 vbox 16 17 22 25 Verlaine Paul 54 Versus domain 4 5 47 78 end of line within 5 Villon Frangois 48 warnings package option 121 Webster John 91 Whitman Walt 74 75 WidthOf 11 Wilde Oscar Fingall O Flahertie Wills 103 109 110 Wilson Peter viii within lt domain gt 5 Woolf Virginia 44 Wordsworth William 76 Wujastyk Dominik viii xIndexEntryPage 118 rIndexEntryText 118 Yeats William Butler 19 77
79. for instance through the Forma attribute is taken into account in determining the position explicit spacing commands at the start of the line are not accounted for textrightedge the position at the right edge of the box containing the last non space character on the line The optional offset from the reference point is an expression in the format required by the calc package that evaluates to a lt dimen gt Within the expression the following commands not part of the calc package may be used e offset lt subclass gt which evaluates to a lt dimen gt corresponding to the offset from leftmargin for an object of lt subclass gt whose Locus must have been previously defined e WidthOf lt tert gt which evaluated to a lt dimen gt equal to the width of an hbox containing tert Unlike the standard calc command widthof which typesets text in the current font the WidthOf command typesets lt tert gt according to the Facies attribute of the subclass whose Locus is being defined Novus numerus Boeckh Locus Boeckh leftmargin WidthOf 12 13 Novus numerus terni Locus terni leftmargin offset Boeckh real 1 1 2 5mm WidthOf 9 Novus textus strophe Locus leftmargin offset terni 12 THE DOCUMENT MODEL The Forma attribute The attribute defines the shape of a contiguous set of lines which often but not always coincides with a TEX paragraph The shape is defined b
80. formation about the current domain in these control sequences MaxLineWidth the maximum width of a line so far MinLineWidth the minimum width of a line so far PreviousLineWidth self explanatory MaxLineShift the maximum textus shift on a line so far MinLineShift the minimum textus shift on a line so far PreviousLineShift self explanatory The control sequences are macro names not registers and you may redefine them with renewcommand if you know what you re doing but make sure that the new value is a legal lt dimen gt The control sequences may be used to achieve special effects as in this example which reproduces one of W B Yeats early drafts for Sailing to Byzantium showing a tentative rhyming scheme newcommand AlignedRight 1 makebox PreviousLineWidth r 1 O dolphin haunted wave of flooding gold AlignedRight might AlignedRight fold AlignedRight sight AlignedRight bold O dolphin haunted wave of flooding gold might fold sight bold In this manual MaxLineWidth and MaxLineShift are used to ensure that the title of a quotation is aligned at the right end with the longest line of the quotation This is done using TEX primitives the ATEX equivalent meant to be placed outside Versus with 1 standing for the title would be Quoted in Curtis Bradford s essay Yeats s Byzantium Poems A Study of Their De velopment in YEATS A COLLECTION OF CRITICAL ESSAYS Prentice Hall In
81. ghs But in embalmed darkness guess each sweet Wherewith the seasonable month endows The grass the thicket and the fruit tree wild White hawthorn and the pastoral eglantine Fast fading violets cover d up in leaves And mid May s eldest child The coming musk rose full of dewy wine The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves KEATS Ode to a nightingale Notice that spaces within the argument of Forma are ignored The unit of indentation is set by default to tem You can change it by specifying a lt dimen gt at the end of the argument preceded by Forma stropha 0 penalty1000 10101241 penalty1000 2 1 25em 54 TYPESETTING POETRY Darkling I listen and for many a time I have been half in love with easeful Death Call d him soft names in many a mused rhyme To take into the air my quiet breath Now more than ever seems it rich to die To cease upon the midnight with no pain While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroad In such an ecstasy Still wouldst thou sing and I have ears in vain To thy high requiem become a sod KEATS Ode to a nightingale The next example illustrates the use of a convenient shorthand for several consecutive occurrences of the same value 0 5 is equivalent to 00000 Novum spatium interligne Facies 75 leading Forma stropha 0 5 interligne 0 SpatiumSupra interligne La lune blanche Luit dans les bois De chaque branche Part une voix Sous le ram e
82. he lettrine command in the very versatile package of the same name by Daniel Flipo tex archive macros latex contrib lettrine Facies incipit DropCap 1 2 incipit Je suis le T en ebreux le Veuf 1 Inconsol e E suis le T n breux le Veuf l Inconsol Le Prince d Aquitaine la Tour abolie Ma seule Etoile est morte et mon luth constell Porte le Soleil noir de la M lancolie NERVAL El Desdichado DropCap is supported by the txndrop package a modified version under the terms of the LPPL of lettrine note that the package cannot be used independently of teyvix use the original lettrine instead txndrop re 44 SPECIAL TYPOGRAPHIC FEATURES tains all the features of lettrine with some minor differences due to the need of avoiding any interference between the packages txndrop does not support a configuration file The names of control sequences starting with Default are replaced by names starting with DropCapDefault and the value associated with these control sequences must all be set by means of renewcommand The string Lettrine in a control sequence must be replaced by DropCap Facies incipit DropCap ante 3 findent 1pt 1 2 incipit Courage he said and pointed toward the land OURAGE he said and pointed toward the land C This mounting wave will roll us shoreward soon In the afternoon they came unto a land In which it seemed always afternoon
83. he spatium object II Typesetting a document Special typographic features General purpose commands Setting the text height and width Changing the font size Letterspacing underlining et al quillemets Old style numerals Roman numerals Ordinal numbers Mapping numbers to letters Number ranges iv 19 19 19 20 21 21 22 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 32 32 32 34 34 34 35 35 38 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 41 CONTENTS Driving out Full hyphenation Random text Rules Incipits Typesetting poetry The Versus domain Titles The text Strophic structures Regular structures Irregular structures Numbering the strophes Line numbering Omitting strophes Split lines Folded lines Special features Line information Document information Dirty tricks Typesetting prose The Prosa domain Line numbering Milestones commissurae Special features Typesetting drama The speech heading Asides Multiple speakers Stage direction da Names in stage directions The speech atts e a More about speech headings Stage directions The p SD class Options 41 41 42 42 43 47 48 50 52 52 57 59 61 65 67 71 77 77 78 78 80 80 81 84 84 86 88 88 89 90 91 94 100 101 102 CONTENTS The b SD class Embedded b SD Options Detached b SD Options Page headings and the table of contents The NCaput attribute The NCa
84. he meanest capacity hatred n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority Modus lemma centred 5in envy n Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity hatred n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority If the lt dimen gt given as the command argument starts with a sign the field width is the sum of the argument and the natural width of the hbox Modus lemma rangedleft 3mm envy n Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity hatred n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority When a field specification is present in the Modus attribute if the text in the object does not fit within the field width it is automatically typeset OTHER TEXTUS SUBCLASSES 17 in a vbox of that width with line breaks being chosen according to the command in the field specification You can force a line break by inserting the NN command in the text the command takes an optional argument a spatium object that specifies the vertical space to be inserted between the lines the default is 0ex or the value of SpatiumInfra if the attribute is defined Both the height and the depth of the vbox are set to zero Novus textus gloss Facies RelSize 9 2 textit 1 Locus textleftmargin 2mm 8in Modus rangedleft 8in gloss A man may have company when he sets out for heaven and yet go thither alone textbf 64 textsc Christian We
85. his style you use the Modus attribute for persona to put the speech heading in a field of fixed width 16 with the correct alignment the indentation in Forma is set equal to the field width For more examples see woyzeck and if you have ibycus installed septem Facies personae textit 1 Forma hangafter 1 hangindent 2 5em relax Modus rangedleft 2 5em newcommand Persona Facies personae slshape MakeUppercase 1 Locus left Modus 3 persona 1 Ch persona 2 Al Versus Persona persona Chorus 0 suitably attired in leather boots Head of a traveller wherefore seeking whom 98 TYPESETTING DRAMA CHORUS O suitably attired in leather boots Head of a traveller wherefore seeking whom Whence by what way how purposed art thou come To this well nightingaled vicinity My object in inquiring is to know But if you happen to be deaf and dumb And do not understand a word I say Then wave your hand to signify as much ALCMAEON I journeyed hither a Boetian road Ch Sailing on horseback or with feet for oars Al Plying with speed my partnership of legs Ch Beneath a shining or a rainy Zeus Al Mud s sister not himself adorns my shoes Ch To learn your name would not displease me much Al Not all that men desire do they obtain Ch Might I then hear at what thy presence shoots Al A shepherd s questioned mouth informed me that Ch What for I know not yet what you will
86. house in Grosvenor Square The octagon room at Sir Robert Chiltern s house in Grosvenor Square WILDE An Ideal Husband I Morning room at Sir Robert Chiltern s house Morning room at Sir Robert Chiltern s house WILDE An Ideal Husband II j The Library in Lord Goring s house An Adam room The Library in Lord Goring s house An Adam room On the right is the door leading into the hall On the left the door of the smoking room A pair of folding doors at the back open into the drawing room The fire is lit Phipps the Butler is arranging some newspapers on the writing table The distinction of Phipps is his impassivity He has been termed by enthusiasts the Ideal Butler The Sphina is not so incommunicable He is a mask with a manner Of his intellectual or emotional life history knows nothing He represent the dominance of form WILDE An Ideal Husband III Same as Act II Same as Act II WILDE An Ideal Husband IV 104 TYPESETTING DRAMA The b SD class Objects of this class are normally embedded in a speech but may also occur independently detached from any speech in which case they behave much like objects of the p SD class When a b SD occurs within Versus it is treated as part of wholly con tained within the line on which the opening control sequence appears irrespective of any end of line characters that may intervene between the opening and closing control sequences So the following
87. ibute barbier since the package uses only lowercase letters or non alphabetic characters for options you can freely use uppercase letters for the options you define The p SD class This class is most often used for what properly deserves to be called a stage direction i e a description of the stage settings at the beginning of an act Facies itshape Forma centredfinal La scena coperto da un pergolato La scena stabile rappresenta un Campiello con varie case cio da una parte la casa di Gasperina con poggiuolo e quella di Lucietta con altana dall altra parte la casa di Orsola con terrazza e quella di Gnese con altanella In mezzo al fondo una locanda con terrazzo lungo coperto da un pergolato GOLDONI Il campiello 2 5 102 TYPESETTING DRAMA You may have noticed that the argument of Facies does not contain 1 In fact you cannot use 1 for this class if you do you get an error message The reason for this exception to the general rule is that the contents of the object are never packaged by the software into the argument of a macro It would be unsafe to do so as there is no guarantee that the contents be always of reasonable size with some modern playwrights they can run to several pages Within the object the command forces a line break The command takes an lt optional argument gt a spatium object specifying the space to be inserted between the lines e g 5ex
88. in vii 1 2 La Rochefoucauld Frangois duc de 33 lacuna 20 Laforgue Jules 53 Lamport Leslie B vii languagename 40 116 LaTeX3 project viii IXTEX 2e vi vii 2 48 125 LaTeX team vii Latin 1 2 40 84 inflected forms 1 Lavagnino John viii leaders 118 leading 35 leavevmode 6 leftmargin 10 leftskip 12 33 42 Letter 40 letter 40 LETTERspace 39 LetterSpace 39 letterspace 39 lettrine see DropCap lettrine package viii line folding 71 badness of line 75 line numbers 28 changing the aspect of 61 disabling printing 29 30 enabling printing 29 printing 61 linewidth 14 38 Locus empty 28 Locus textus 14 50 Auto 50 optional argument 52 auto 50 optional argument 52 Auto 52 auto 52 previous 52 Lorem 42 Lucretius Titus Carus 20 21 Mallarm St phane 24 67 115 Marlowe Christopher 96 97 107 108 mathematical formulas 78 MaxLineShift 77 MaxLineWidth 77 Measure 14 measure 14 milestone in Modus 82 milestones 80 81 84 126 MinLineShift 77 MinLineWidth 77 Modus textus 14 Modus 8 12 Moli re Jean Baptiste Poquelin 80 86 87 90 Montale Eugenio 116 nultiples 20 Musil Robert 44 Nerval Gerard de 43 nohyphens 34 72 noincipit 46 Nova see Novus Novum see Novus Novus 6 form 7 nowarnings package option 121 NumberRange 41 numerus class 28 LAT
89. ine and the contents commands you can specify an argument providing the information to be passed to the respective des tination instead of the default information This feature is especially useful for objects of the numerus class as in this example from hamlet Caput section headline theNact theNscene thenumerus This definition for the subclass associated with line numbers results in lt act gt lt scene gt lt line gt being printed at the top of each page In the argument of headline and contents you should be very careful about using fragile commands when in doubt put protect in front of the command plato phedre The Capita command Information destined for headlines is handled by the IXTEX mechanism sup porting marks as modified by titlesec which provides the setmarks com mand to define the lt primary gt and lt secondary gt sectioning commands that generate marks only two classes of marks are supported by IATEX Whenever marks are to be generated by sectioning commands associated with a Caput attribute you must define lt primary gt and lt secondary gt with the Capita command Capita is a very slightly modified version of setmarks with the same syntax it is used exactly where setmarks would normally occur Even when you remain with the default lt primary gt and lt secondary gt you should still issue the command Capita chapter section Special options for titulus The s
90. ion would go in a mathematical formula Rule Rule height ipt Three other styles may be selected by specifying the appropriate keyword in the lt optional argument gt Rule double Rule parallel Rule total For the last two styles height sets the height of the thinner line Height that of the thicker line INCIPITS 43 Incipits The initial letter of a text is often emphasized by typesetting it at a larger size and or in a different font with the rest of the first word also usually set in a different font teyvixd treats this initial part of a text as an object of the class incipit with no subclasses for which the only attribute is Facies The definition of the attribute can contain references to four parameters 1 the initial letter 2 the rest of the first word 3 any non letter token appearing before the initial letter 4 the fully expanded concatenation of 1 and 2 Facies incipit 3 textsc 4 incipit Love seeketh not Itself to please Nor for itself hath any care But for another gives its ease And builds a Heaven in Hell s despair LOVE seeketh not Itself to please Nor for itself hath any care But for another gives its ease And builds a Heaven in Hell s despair BLAKE The Clod amp the Pebble For large dropped capitals as used in traditional French typography you can use the DropCap command which is the functional equivalent of t
91. it thee MEPHISTOPHILIS Then Faustus stab thine arm coura geously And bind thy soul that at some certain day Great Lucifer may claim it as his own And then be thou as great as Lucifer FAUSTUS Stabbing his arm Lo Mephistophilis for love of thee I cut mine arm and with my proper blood Assure my soul to be great Lucifer s Chief lord and regent of perpetual night MARLOWE Doctor Faustus II 1 Moving the speech heading away from the text gives 2 Then Faustus stab thine arm courageously ic 1 Stabbing his arm Lo Mephistophilis for love of thee MORE ABOUT SPEECH HEADINGS 97 4 Measure gt FAUSTUS Ay Mephistophilis I give it thee MEPHISTOPHILIS Then Faustus stab thine arm courageously And bind thy soul that at some certain day Great Lucifer may claim it as his own And then be thou as great as Lucifer FAUSTUS Stabbing his arm Lo Mephistophilis for love of thee I cut mine arm and with my proper blood Assure my soul to be great Lucifer s Chief lord and regent of perpetual night MARLOWE Doctor Faustus II 1 Finally there is yet another style which somewhat paradoxically is both the standard for classical Greek drama and a very popular choice for con temporary plays In this style speech headings appear within a column of constant width on the left side of the page while the text is typeset in another column very often in modern plays without justification To get t
92. its and horizontal glue in terms of em units if you define a spatium subclass for horizontal spacing you should use it only for this purpose Typesetting a document Special typographic features General purpose commands Setting the text height and width The TextHeight command takes a lt dimen gt as argument and sets the IAXTEX textheight parameter to the highest value not exceeding the argu ment such that a page can accomodate a whole number of lines typeset in the current font For the form of the command the argument is an integer specifying the number of lines on the page The command should always be used when typesetting long stretches of verse Within Versus the inter line spacing has no stretchability or shrink ability and a page filled with continuous verse will inevitably result in an Underfull box if the text height is not an integer multiple of the inter line spacing The TextWidth command sets in addition to textwidth two other IXIEX parameters linewidth and columnwidth For both commands the argument can be any expression acceptable to the calc package Changing the font size RelSize n changes the font size relative to the current size by n steps up or down depending on the sign of n in the standard ATEX range that extends from tiny to Huge if the size requested is too large or too small Huge or tiny respectively is used The command takes an lt optional argument gt whose value is used
93. ks Ah Mephistophilis Exeunt devils with FAUSTUS MARLOWE Doctor Faustus V 2 108 TYPESETTING DRAMA A slight complication can arise when a b SD is used within Versus some lines that look anything but empty are in the software s eyes indistinguish able from an empty line because they do not contain any text to be typeset If for instance a command to change the typeface comes before what should be an embedded b SD the result is a detached b SD No Faustus curse thyself curse Lucifer That hath depriv d thee of the joys of heaven Facies textsl 1 The clock strikes twelve O it strikes it strikes Now body turn to air Or Lucifer will bear thee quick to hell No Faustus curse thyself curse Lucifer That hath depriv d thee of the joys of heaven The clock strikes twelve O it strikes it strikes Now body turn to air Or Lucifer will bear thee quick to hell MARLOWE Doctor Faustus V 2 There are two ways out of the difficulty you can put a percent sign at the end of the troublesome line so effectively joining it to the next line or you can set the e for embedded option for the stage direction Facies texts1l 1 The clock strikes twelve Facies textsl 1 e lThe clock strikes twelve No Faustus curse thyself curse Lucifer That hath depriv d thee of the joys of heaven The clock strikes twelve O it strikes it strikes Now body turn to ai
94. lar to mathematical formulas SPECIAL FEATURES 79 Novus textus brace Locus area textrightedge 1mm Facies Delimiter RelSize 1 1 begin versus brace a math demo from TeXbook area x 131415 _1 92 pi x_ y a_b z_c d endarea end versus The result however is not what one would expect Zr r c 2 a math demo from The TEXbook Vb The reason why the formulas are crushed together is that within Versus the height of each line is set equal to the design height of the font in use this is done to overcome some problems caused by capital letters carrying an accent The NTrueLineHeight command disables this feature begin versus TrueLineHeight brace a math demo from TeXbook area x7 31415 _ 92 pi x_ y a_b z_c7d endarea end versus 31415 Lm zd a math demo from The TEXbook Lya Yo And by adjusting the shape of this peculiar strophe Facies brace Delimiter 9 RelSize 1 1 eee Forma stropha 0 2mm 0 1 5mm x31415 LT 24 a math demo from The TgXbook Lya Typesetting prose The Prosa domain M JOURDAIN Par ma foi il y a plus de quarante ans que je dis de la prose sans que j en susse rien MOLIERE Le bourgois gentilhomme As TEX has been typesetting prose for more than twenty years without having to be told that it is prose there would seem to be no need for a Prosa domain Placing a text within the domain is i
95. lessed moon I swear That tips with silver all these fruit tree tops JULIET O swear not by the moon the inconstant moon That monthly changes in her circled orb Lest that thy love prove likewise variable ROMEO What shall I swear by JULIET Do not swear at all Or if thou wilt swear by thy gracious self Which is the god of my idolatry And TIl believe thee ROMEO If my heart s dear love 96 TYPESETTING DRAMA JULIET Well do not swear although I joy in thee I have no joy of this contract to night It is too rash too unadvised too sudden Too like the lightning which doth cease to be Ere one can say It lightens Sweet good night SHAKESPEARE Romeo and Juliet II 2 With both styles if you are within the Versus domain you should continue to put the speech headings in the input file at the start of the speech For the quotation above 1 Lady by yonder blessed moon I swear That tips with silver all these fruit tree tops 2 0 swear not by the moon the inconstant moon That monthly changes in her circled orb Lest that thy love prove likewise variable A speech heading appearing alone possibly with a stage direction on an input line is always typeset on a line of its own This feature can be put to use with the standard style for speech headings moving the speech heading to its own line is often preferable to having a folded line faust Measure FAUSTUS Ay Mephistophilis I give
96. n lt optional argument gt specifies the gender of the ordinal f yields the femi nine form n the neuter form m the masculine form which is the default if there is no lt optional argument gt If Babel is loaded the ordinal is generated in the language whose name is the current value of languagename if languagename is not defined English is used In this release the following languages are supported English Latin French German and Italian The Ordinal command generates the initial letter in upper case Mapping numbers to letters The commands letter n and Letter n yield the lower upper case letter respectively at position n mod N in an alphabet of N letters The default is the English alphabet you may use a different alphabet by speci fying in the lt optional argument gt one of the following values latin the Latin alphabet italian the Italian alphabet greek the Greek alphabet Babel with the greek option ibycus the Greek alphabet Babel with the ibycus option You may define a new alphabet with the command alphabetum lt name gt lt argument gt where lt argument gt is a list of pairs of values the first value being a lower case letter the second the corresponding upper case letter Each value is either a single TEX token or a set of tokens enclosed in braces spaces within GENERAL PURPOSE COMMANDS 41 lt argument gt are ignored Once the alphabet has been defined you can use lt name gt a
97. n 36 53 in 56 c centring in 53 optional argument 55 spaces in 53 z conditional indentation in 53 Formax 8 12 Franz Melchior viii French viii 40 43 92 94 116 Frescobaldi Dino Orlandino 31 FullHyphenation 41 Gentili Bruno 13 German 40 116 Gide Andr Paul Guillaume 33 global assignment 15 28 87 118 Goethe Johann Wolfgang von 50 Goldoni Carlo 101 Greek 1 40 93 97 guillemetleft 39 guillemetright 39 hangafter 12 91 93 95 97 hangafter 92 hangindent 12 91 93 95 97 hbox 11 15 16 78 Heine Heinrich 61 Hofmannstahl Hugo von 116 Holderlin Johann Christian Friedrich 71 INDEX house style 122 HouseStyle 122 Housman Alfred Edward 97 ifmtarg package viii ifthen package see ifthenelse ifthenelse vii 10 83 84 90 105 122 isempty test 10 31 isopt test 101 105 incipit 43 within an index 119 incipit 43 incipit 45 indentation explicit 55 59 unit of 53 changing 53 index entry page see xIndexEntryPage index entry text see NzcIndexEntryText Indexes 116 indexes 114 116 Indexes 117 IndexSeparator 119 inter line spacing 5 38 isempty see ifthenelse isopt see ifthenelse Italian 40 56 62 116 Jarry Alfred 92 Jensen Frank viii justified 12 23 33 102 109 field in Modus 16 Keats John 19 53 55 King James Bible 85 Kleist Heinrich von 104 Knuth Donald Erv
98. n conjunction with the form of a textus subclass 15 to number paragraphs automatically Note however that the logical variables are available for testing after the paragraph has been typeset and so cannot be used to change the contents of the paragraph in the following example the numbers for chapter and verse are placed outside the paragraph Novus numerus Nchapter Facies 1 Novus numerus Nverse Facies 1 Novus textus ChapterAndVerse Locus textleftmargin 5em 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 SPECIAL FEATURES 85 Facies ifthenelse boolean ParagraphFirstLine RelSize 1 Nchapter 0 Nverse 1 Modus aligned right Nchapter 1 Nverse 0 ChapterAndVerse The words of the Preacher the son of David king in Jerusalem Vanity of vanities saith the Preacher vanity of vanities all is vanity ChapterAndVerse oz Measure e sci The words of the Preacher the son of David king in Jerusalem Vanity of vanities saith the Preacher vanity of vanities all is vanity What profit hath a man of all his labour which he taketh under the sun One generation passeth away and another generation cometh but the earth abideth for ever The sun also ariseth and the sun goeth down and hasteth to his place where he arose The wind goeth toward the south and tur neth about unto the north it whirleth about continually and the wind returne
99. n fact necessary only when objects of the numerus class and more rarely of the textus class are to be attached to the lines The simplest and most common case is that of standard line numbering in some situations milestones see below are needed instead of or in addition to line numbers Within Prosa all the usual rules for TEX input apply empty lines are not ignored and are treated as equivalent to par Line numbering Numbers are attached to lines in exactly the same way as in Versus Locus numerus rightmargin 1 5em Facies RelSize 1 oldstylenums 1 numerus 1 Prosa textit What is truth said jesting Pilate and would not stay for an answer Certainly there be that delight in giddiness al endProsa What is truth said jesting Pilate and would not stay for an answer Certainly there be that delight in giddiness and count it a bondage to fix a belief affecting free will in thinking as well as in acting And though the sects of philosophers of that kind be gone yet there remain certain discoursing wits which are of the same veins though there be not so much blood in them as was 80 MILESTONES 81 in those of the ancients But it is not only the difficulty and labor which men take in finding out of truth nor again that when it is found it imposeth upon men s thoughts that doth bring lies in favor but a natural though corrupt love of the lie itself One of the later school
100. ndatory to use the default subclass define the Locus for the subclass and enable printing by using the subclass name with the value for the first line Locus numerus leftmargin 6em numerus 1 O my Luve s like a red red rose That s newly sprung in June O my Luve s like the melodie That s sweetly play d in tune 5 As fair art thou my bonie lass So deep in luve am I And I will luve thee still my Dear Till a the seas gang dry Till a the seas gang dry my Dear 10 And the rocks melt wi the sun And I will luve thee still my Dear While the sands o life shall run And fare thee weel my only Luve And fare thee weel a while 15 And I will come again my Luve Tho it were ten thousand mile Burns A red red Rose In most cases you will also want to change the way numbers are typeset Facies numerus RelSize 1 oldstylenums 1 Still ist die Nacht es ruhen die Gassen In diesem Hause wohnte mein Schatz Sie hat schon langst die Stadt verlassen Doch steht noch das Haus auf demselben Platz 5 Da steht auch ein Mensch und starrt in die H he Und ringt die Hande vor Schmerzensgewalt Mir graust es wenn ich sein Antlitz sehe Der Mond zeigt mir meine eigne Gestalt Du Doppelganger du bleicher Geselle io Was ffst du nach mein Liebesleid Das mich gequalt auf dieser Stelle So manche Nacht in alter Zeit HEINE Still ist die Nacht 62 TYPESETTING POETRY
101. ns le bois hant par le goules de Weir PoE Ulalume trans Mallarm area top rightmargin 1 825in aligned top justified 1 825in Locus Modus The skies they were ashen and sober The leaves they were crisp d and sere The leaves they were withering and sere It was night in the lonesome October Of my most immemorial year It was hard by the dim lake of Auber In the misty mid region of Weir It was down by the dank tarn of Auber In the ghoul haunted woodland of Weir Locus Modus The skies they were ashen and sober The leaves they were crisp d and sere The leaves they were withering and sere It was night in the lonesome October Of my most immemorial year It was hard by the dim lake of Auber In the misty mid region of Weir It was down by the dank tarn of Auber In the ghoul haunted woodland of Weir Les cieux ils taient de cendre et graves les feuilles elles tait p ris sables et mornes C tait nuit en le solitaire Octobre de ma plus imm moriale ann e C tait fort pr s de l obscur lac d Auber dans la bru meuse moyenne r gion de Weir c tait l pr s de l humide marais d Auber dans le bois hant par le goules de Weir fNarea bottom rightmargin 1 825in aligned bottom justified 1 825in Les cieux ils taient de cendre et graves les feuilles elles tait p ris sables et mornes C tait nuit en le solitaire Octobre de ma plus imm moriale ann
102. nt being affected Novus Ntextus SomeText Facies RelSize 3 1 Facies itshape 1 Facies RelSize 1 textit 1 Facies bfseries 1 Novus numerus SomeNumber Facies RelSize 2 textbf oldstylenums 1 Facies RelSize 1 textbf letter 1 Facies raisebox 1 5ex 0pt Opt RelSize 3 oldstylenums 1 Facies ROMANnumeral 1 Facies ordinal 1 MakeUppercase theordinal 10 THE DOCUMENT MODEL Novus titulus SomeTitle Facies textsc 1 Facies RelSize 2 texts1 1 Facies newpage thispagestyle empty LETTERspace 1 For the textus titulus and spatium classes the argument of Facies need not contain any reference to the object i e no 1 in which case the subclass name when used as a command within the document is not followed by an argument The actual object if any to be instanced at that point is then entirely specified directly or indirectly by the attribute Novus titulus SomeOtherTitle Facies RelSize 1 ACTE Nacte 1 Nscene 0 An empty argument Facies has a special meaning Although there is no 1 the command is expected to be followed by an argument which is however ignored nothing is typeset In some complicated situations you may need to resort to conditionals using the ifthen package In addition to the standard tests provided by the pack age you may also use isempty not available outside teyvixd to check for an em
103. nz s soul package supports all the ways of twisting the aspect of copy one may conceivably need in a literary text and then some The highly specialized ifmtarg package by Peter Wilson and Donald Arse neau has simplified coding in several places Daniel Flipo s lettrine package offers complete support for one of the most characteristic features of French typography As extensive modifications to the code were in any case necessary to adapt it to the suite I took the opportunity to recode the whole package in order to reduce the draw on TeX resources lettrine is rather profligate in its use of registers Some of the code of relzise placed by Donald Arseneau and Matt Swift in the public domain has been incorporated in the suite Though the structure of teyvix is radically different from that of John Lavagnino and Dominik Wujastyk s EDMAC the very thorough discussion of some TpEXnicalities in the documentation has provided many useful hints Finally I should like to mention the late Michael Downes wonderfully in structive Around the Bend collection one of the most brilliant pieces of coding from the collection is included verbatim in the software xi Introduction Back to the Classics The name of the suite is the Greek word teyvix the neuter plural of the adjective teyvw c which means among other things done by rules of art technical systematic according to the rules of art Liddell Scott J
104. o at the end of that line polizian If each poem in a collection starts on a new page this simple approach generally provides satisfactory results but if several poems may appear on the same page setting the NLocus independently for each poem will in many cases produce minute irregularities in the alignment of adjacent poems whenever they have lines nearly equal in length Eonepe n vta q pov doa watvodic Eoxedao aoc YEpELG dv p pes atya p pes udtepI raid SAPPHO Diehl 120 oiov tO YAuxiuarov Epevbetar dxpor En Vodwt dxpov En axpotitot AeA Bovxo d uarodpornec ob Udy ExherAcBovt HAN odx EdUvavt Enixeodau SAPPHO Diehl 116 otav tav vaxtwOov Ev dpeot noiueves amp vdpec nooo xataxote Botot yduar SE te TOE PUEOV dvboc SAPPHO Diehl 117 To avoid this phenomenon the software once it has calculated the position of the text for a poem compares it with the positions for the previous two poems if it differs from either by a distance smaller than a threshold value set at 3mm by default the calculated position is replaced by the position for the previous poem Eonepe n vta p ewv doa paivolis Eoxedao aoc Q petc Ow q peu alya p perc UdtepL Taide SAPPHO Diehl 120 oiov TO yAuxluadov epevbetar dopo En Voda dxpov En axpotitot eikBovto d UxdAodpdmNEC o Udy x cr lovT dil ovx ESUvavT ExixeoBat SAPPHO Diehl 116 otav tav vaxwOov Ev dpeot noiueves dv pec n
105. of first lines is requested by specifying the index entry type 1 in the commands for collecting and typesetting indexes this is all that is needed if each poem is placed in a separate Versus domain There are two commands that may be used to disable and enable indexing for a specific line NotFirstLine placed within a line prevents it from being treated as a first line even though it occurs at the start of a Versus domain FirstLine placed within a line causes it to be treated as a first line its main use is within Facies stropha where it allows a collection of poems sharing the same strophic structure to be indexed with minimal mark up sonnets Collecting the index information The BuildIndexes command The main command is BuildIndexes which must be placed in the pream ble i e before begin document The command argument is one of the following words no yes done toc Index generation is usually the last stage in the preparation of a text as there is no point in activating it before all details of typesetting have been settled With no as the argument of BuildIndexes all the commands dealing with indexes are disabled and have no effect whatsoever on typesetting 116 INDEXES When the time comes of collecting index information the command argu ment is changed to yes The lt optional argument gt of the command specifies all index entry types for which information should be collected The argu ment is a list of let
106. of the Grecians examineth the matter and is at a stand to think what should be in it that men should love lies where neither they make for pleasure as with poets nor for advantage as with the merchant but for the lie s sake But I cannot tell this same truth is a naked and open day light that doth not show the masks and mummeries and triumphs of the world half so stately and daintily as candle lights Truth may perhaps come to the price of a pearl that showeth best by day but it will not rise to the price of a diamond or carbuncle that showeth best in varied lights A mixture of a lie doth ever add pleasure Doth any man doubt that if there were taken out of men s minds vain opinions flattering hopes false valuations imaginations as one would and the like but it would leave the minds of a number of men poor shrunken things full of melancholy and indisposition and unpleasing to themselves BACON Of Truth In prose works line numbering does not usually run continuously throughout the text but restarts instead at the top of each page To get this style of numbering you specify Modus pagewise for the numerus subclass caesar Milestones milestone is the very apt term used in the TEI Text Encoding Initiative documentation for an element that marks the boundary between sections of a text as indicated by changes in a standard reference system Such reference systems are common with Classical works f
107. ona Facies aparte textbf textup persona Malvolio To be Count Malvolio aparte persona Sir Toby Ah rogue aparte persona Sir Andrew Pistol him pistol him aparte persona Fabian Peace peace Malvolio To be Count Malvolio Sir Toby Ah rogue Sir Andrew Pistol him pistol him Fabian Peace peace SHAKESPEARE Twelfth Night 11 5 Multiple speakers When a speech is delivered by more than one speaker the safest procedure is to use persona with the names of the characters written in full you cannot use abbreviations within the argument of persona if you do you get an error message Facies persona textsc MakeLowercase 1 persona Macbeth Lennox What s the matter MACDUFF O horror horror horror Tongue nor heart Cannot conceive nor name thee MACBETH LENNOX What s the matter SHAKESPEARE Macbeth 11 3 You can also have part of the argument typeset in a different style persona Macbeth textit and Lennox What s the matter MACDUFF O horror horror horror Tongue nor heart Cannot conceive nor name thee MACBETH and LENNOX What s the matter SHAKESPEARE Macbeth II 3 Only within Versus you may just put the Persona commands or more likely their abbreviations at the start of the speech Whether simple jux taposition of the names of the character gives a satisfactory result depends THE SPEECH HEADING 89 on the definition of Facies persona With the setting o
108. ones When lowercase Greek letters are not available the name may be written as it would have been in Classical times using all uppercase Greek letters TEXNIKA alternatively one may use the Latin transliteration Technica which is recorded by the Shorter Oxford Dictionary though marked rare These are the only correct ways of writing the name of the suite While the connection with the etymology of IEX is obvious and indeed deliberate I have no wish to contribute to the spread of mad kern disease among the TEX community Knuth had very good reasons for wanting a distinctive logo and he came up with a witty and elegant solution but as we say in Italy un bel gioco dura poco The command names are mostly in Latin There are two reasons for this First Latin has been the language of scholarship for centuries and it seems an appropriately neutral choice for a piece of software that may be used to typeset texts in a variety of languages Second Latin tags are an almost foolproof guarantee against the danger of conflicts with other packages While these seem to me convincing reasons I realize that if Latin is all Greek to you you will find them less than compelling I trust it will not be too difficult for you to memorize the command names they are not many and I have chosen whenever possible perhaps at the risk of some impropriety words whose descendants are still very much alive in most Western languages If on the oth
109. onne heure PROUST Du c t de chez Swann The incipit need not be identified explicitly the incipit command causes the next word s to be treated as an incipit The command may be useful for instance when typesetting a novel where the starting word of each chap ter is often emphasized if the chapter title is generated with a titulus subclass it is sufficient to place incipit at the end of the Facies attrib ute for the subclass For a collection of poems where each poem is enclosed in an environment the command may be included in the definition of the environment carmina fleurs The incipit generally coincides with the first word of the following text but if that word consists of a single letter the next word is included as part of the incipit Facies incipit textsc 4 incipit O der Seele N achtlicher Fl ugelshaft O DER Seele N chtlicher Fl gelshaft TRAKL Abendl ndisches Lied Facies incipit textsc 4 incipit E s aprono i fiori notturni E S APRONO i fiori notturni nell ora che penso a miei cari PASCOLI Il gelsomino notturno 46 SPECIAL TYPOGRAPHIC FEATURES Facies incipit textsc 4 incipit I watched the moon around the house I WATCHED the moon around the house DICKINSON I watched the moon Please note that only a single non letter character typically some sort of quotation mark may appear before the first letter of the text any other token will almost invariably c
110. ooo xataoteiBolot yauatr SE te TOE PUEOV dvboc SAPPHO Diehl 117 52 TYPESETTING POETRY This behaviour is enabled by default to disable it use auto or Auto this was done for the first version of the example above A new threshold value can be entered as the lt optional argument gt of the auto or Auto commands auto 5mm Sometimes you may want to align a poem with the preceding one even though the difference between their natural positions does not satisfy the condition for automatic alignment You can force alignment by setting usu ally inside a TEX group Locus textus previous for the second poem Strophic structures Regular structures Most traditional verse is based on a regular structure of strophes or stanzas which are treated by the software as objects of the class stropha with no subclasses The Forma attribute defines the pattern of indentation for the lines comprising the strophe The argument is a sequence of numeric values with 0 representing the absence of indentation and positive values corresponding to progressively deeper indentation negative values are also allowed Whenever the value cannot be represented by a single character for instance 10 or 1 it must be enclosed within braces 10 1 Forma stropha 01 Multas per gentes et multa per aequora uectus aduenio has miseras frater ad inferias ut te postremo donarem munere mortis et mutam nequiquam alloquerer cinerem
111. or which the standard is usually the first printed edition editio princeps Perhaps the best known example is that of Plato s works for which the refer ence system is provided by the edition printed by Henri Estienne Stephanus in 1578 Each page of that edition carries five marks a to e at regular in tervals along the side and a reference to a passage takes the form of a page number followed by the nearest mark on that page for instance the word teyvixd occurs in Leg 889a Obviously in any printed edition other than a facsimile there will be no correspondence between its page numbers and those of Stephanus edition let alone between the marks the only way to establish the reference system is to insert milestones at the appropriate points in the text 20 82 TYPESETTING PROSE Milestones pose no special problem when they occur in verse where in fact they are hardly ever found as line numbers are the natural reference system and when they are embedded in prose i e they appear within the text But when milestones are printed in the margins of a prose text as they commonly are then they must be identified as such to the teyvix software which needs to take special actions to ensure that the milestones appear in the right place Two LATEX runs are necessary and the reason listed after the first run is You are using milestones In the rest of this manual the term milestone will be used in this specialize
112. ore to me Then whither goest say whither SHAKESPEARE The Winter s Tale IV 4 You get a warning message if the textus shift is too small and the text intrudes into the speech heading If the peculiar speech is spoken by a single character there is another possibility If the only text on the line after the speech heading is the speech heading is attached to the line that follows In this case no checking is done and you get no warning if the speech heading and the text in the next line overlap The line carrying the speech heading must not be the last line of a page Facies persona textsc 1 persona fairy Locus textus 3em Forma stropha 12 01010 Over hill over dale Thorough bush thorough brier Over park over pale Thorough flood thorough fire I do wander everywhere Ez In those freckles live their savours I must go seek some dewdrops here s Our queen and all our elves come here anon 100 TYPESETTING DRAMA PUCK How now spirit whither wander you FAIRY Over hill over dale Thorough bush thorough brier Over park over pale Thorough flood thorough fire I do wander everywhere Swifter than the moon s sphere And I serve the fairy queen To dew her orbs upon the green The cowslips tall her pensioners be In their gold coats spots you see Those be rubies fairy favours In those freckles live their savours I must go seek some dewdrops here And h
113. ose name is the subclass name sans the escape character In principle you could handle it by means of the standard IATEX commands for counters it is however advisable to stick to the mechanisms provided by the suite LTEX commands are useful for moving the value of a counter into another counter Given the subclasses numerus and subnumerus subnumerus value numerus sets the counter for the second subclass to the value of the counter for the first subclass You can also use expressions in the argument of setcounter setcounter subnumerus value numerus 1 Recall that the calc package is required by the suite and so is always available THE LOCUS ATTRIBUTE 31 The Facies attribute The argument of the Facies attribute should always contain a reference to 1 which represents the object s lt first value gt For a subclass whose objects are specified using only the normal form of the command this is all that is needed lt first value gt corresponds to the value of the counter associated with the subclass If an object of the subclass may be specified by means of the form of the command then the argument of Facies should also account for the other possible components of the object It is advisable to account for all the components even though only some may actually occur in a document the presence of a component is easily checked with ifthenelse using the ifempty test not part of the ifthen package and not
114. ou can change the spacing with the SpatiumPost command for instance SpatiumPost Opt gives Ces nymphes je les veux perp tuer Si clair If putting the normal spacing in front of the last fragment of a line would cause the text to protrude from the right margin the fragment is typeset 68 TYPESETTING POETRY flush right In verse drama a line is often split several times and in such cases applying the standard procedure may result in unsightly irregular spacing FU Measure fI _ TITUS Mais de gr ce coutez B R NICE Il n est plus temps TITUS Madame Un mot B R NICE Non TITUS Dans quel trouble elle jette mom ame RACINE Berenice V 5 To prevent this the package automatically computes a suitable negative spacing that can be used in a uniform manner throughout the line a ry Measure ee TITUS Mais de grace coutez BERENICE Il n est plus temps TITUS Madame Un mot BERENICE Non TITUS Dans quel trouble elle jette mom me RACINE B r nice V 5 This feature comes at a price it requires a second run through IATEX the reason listed is Some split lines need to be adjusted The com mand SpatiumPost disables the automatic adjustment without af fecting the current value of the spacing interval it was used within a TEX group in the first version of the example above If you want to set the spacing explicitly for a single line you can use the lt optional argument gt
115. oving Moon went up the sky In his loneli And nowhere did abide BONI x ness he year Softly she was going up neth towards And a star or two beside the journeying Moon and the stars that still sojourn yet still move onward and every where the blue sky be longs to them and is their appointed rest and their native country and their own natural homes which they enter unannounced as lords that are certainly ex pected and yet there is a silent joy at their arrival The numerus class The numerus object Each subclass of numerus is associated with a counter holding an integer Objects of the subclass are instanced either automatically when the value of the counter satisfies some condition or by an explicit command that pro vides directly or by reference to the counter the contents of the object The first mechanism applies only to subclasses for which the Locus attribute is defined the second is applicable to all subclasses Defining the Locus attribute for a subclass implies that objects of that subclass will be attached within the Versus and the Prosa domains to a line of text the attribute specifies the position within the line at which the object is typeset The content of the object is the current value of the counter associated with the subclass the counter is automatically incre mented when a line of text is typeset but its value may be modified at any time by a command Objects of this type are the equivalent of
116. pacing you can specify the value 1 in the lt optional argument gt all lines will be unconditionally justified and the badness of each line will be printed after the line as in this contrived example 76 TYPESETTING POETRY Modus justified 1 TR Measure SEE The world is too much with us late 6 and soon Getting and spending we lay waste 25 our powers Little we see in Nature that is ours We have given our hearts away a 338 sordid boon This sea that bares her bosom to 427 the moon The winds that will be howling at 185 all hours And are up gather d now like sleep 22 ing flowers For this for everything we are out 49 of tune It moves us not Great God Id 1466 rather be A Pagan suckled in a creed outworn So might I standing on this pleas 99 ant lea Have glimpses that would make me 45 less forlorn Have sight of Proteus rising from 725 the sea Or hear old Triton blow his 10000 wreathed horn WORDSWORTH The World The line number is usually attached to the last turnover line of a folded line and this is the default To have the number attached to the first print line specify the option F after in the argument of Progressio If you are also setting the option for numbering fragments of a split line 67 you may specify the options in any order but you must place a comma between them SPECIAL FEATURES 77 Special features Line information Within Versus the software records in
117. pair of commands A TFX environment defines a domain and so do the two commands formed by concatenating the environment name to and end respectively The dual notation is a standard feature of ATEX placing some text between Env and endEnv has the same effect as placing it between begin Env and end Env with one crucial difference begin Env starts a TEX group that is closed by end Env while the command pair does not alter the grouping structure In principle it would seem simpler and clearer always to use an environment in practice one must keep in mind that processing long stretches of text within a group places a strain on TEX resources with the risk of being eventually faced with the dreaded message TeX capacity exceeded sorry Moreover enclosing the text within a group is often unnecessary and gives no advantages The examples files can provide some guidance on the criteria for choosing between the two forms of definition A versus or Versus domain is enclosed by one of the pairs 4 DOMAINS 5 versus endversus begin versus end versus Versus endVersus begin Versus end Versus Similarly for a prosa or Prosa domain prosa endprosa begin prosa end prosa Prosa endProsa begin Prosa end Prosa And for a drama or Drama domain drama enddrama begin drama end drama Drama endDrama begin Drama end Drama In this manual the shorthand within lt domain gt is us
118. phecy O Wind If Winter comes can Spring be far behind SHELLEY Ode to the West Wind SPLIT LINES 67 Split lines A poet will sometimes split a line of verse across physical lines to provide a visual clue of a significant transition in the text Ces nymphes je les veux perp tuer Si clair Leur incarnat l ger qu il voltige dans l air Assoupi de sommeils touffus Aimai je un r ve Mon doute amas de nuit ancienne s acheve En maint rameau subtil qui demeur les vrais Bois m mes prouve h las que bien seul je m offrais Pour triomphe la faute id ale de roses R fl chissons ou si les femmes dont tu gloses Figurent un souhait de tes sens fabuleux MALLARM L apr s midi d un faune To split a line place at the end of the first part Ces nymphes je les veux perpMV etuer NN Si clair Leur incarnat 1 eger qu il voltige dans l air Assoupi de sommeils touffus Aimai je un r eve Mon doute amas de nuit ancienne s ach eve En maint rameau subtil qui demeur e les vrais Bois m emes prouve h elas que bien seul je m offrais Pour triomphe la faute id eale de roses R efl echissons ldots ou si les femmes dont tu gloses Figurent un souhait de tes sens fabuleux Note that spaces after the first fragment and before the second are not significant The two parts are separated by default by a medium space 22em this seems to be a common convention among typographers Y
119. pita command Special options for titulus Extensions to titlesec thecontentslabelfinal firstlinetitlemarks Indexes Indexing titulus objects Indexing first lines Collecting the index information The BuildIndexes command The Indexes command Sorting the index information Typesetting an index Setting the layout of an entry Setting the layout of the index Updating the table of contents APPENDICES Using the suite repeat Warnings House styles Index vi 104 104 104 106 109 111 112 112 113 113 113 114 115 115 115 116 117 117 118 119 120 121 121 121 122 123 Preface Over more than two decades TFX has acquired an unparalleled and well deserved reputation as the best tool for typesetting technical books and papers Although TFX was designed by Knuth for the creation of beautiful books and is indeed capable of producing pages whose typographic quality is comparable to that of the world s finest printers preface to The TgXbook it has been much more rarely used in the humanities than in the sciences Many texts in the humanities have been typeset with TEX and there have been some interesting developments notably EDMAC but I think it is fair to say that no tools are available that allow literary works to be easily type set to the minimum standard acceptable in a professionally printed book Of course given the right amounts of time and TEXnical wizardry
120. plein jour d o te vient cette audace Va tu me perds d honneur retire toi de gr ce DON RODRIGUE Je vais mourir Madame et vous viens en ce lieu Avant le coup mortel dire un dernier adieu Cet immuable amour qui sous vos lois m engage N ose accepter ma mort sans vous en faire hommage CHIMENE Tu vas mourir DON RODRIGUE Je cours ces heureux moments Qui vont livrer ma vie vos ressentiments CORNEILLE Le Cid V 1 MORE ABOUT SPEECH HEADINGS 95 Notice how in order to keep the speech heading centred above it the text has been moved to the right Alternatively you may leave the text at its natural position and shift the speech heading Locus persona centre 7em CHIMENE Quoi Rodrigue en plein jour d o te vient cette audace Va tu me perds d honneur retire toi de gr ce DON RODRIGUE Je vais mourir Madame et vous viens en ce lieu Avant le coup mortel dire un dernier adieu Cet immuable amour qui sous vos lois m engage N ose accepter ma mort sans vous en faire hommage CHIMENE Tu vas mourir DON RODRIGUE Je cours ces heureux moments Qui vont livrer ma vie vos ressentiments CORNEILLE Le Cid V 1 Another less wasteful style puts the speech heading on its own line aligned to the left margin but takes advantage of any available space on a line of text to place the heading there tempest Locus persona left Forma hangafter 1 hangindent 1 25em ROMEO Lady by yonder b
121. pty parameter the test can always be safely made irrespective of the actual value of the parameter CAUTION The ifempty test can be used only within the definition of an attribute for a teyvix subclass Do not use it in any other context the result would be totally unpredictable Novus numerus Nscene Facies ifthenelse equal 1 1 PREMI ERE ROMANnumeral 1 Novus titulus Titre Facies ifthenelse isempty 1 textit 1 As mentioned earlier Facies adds the argument to the current definition for the attribute 47 The Locus attribute The attribute specifies the position of the object in relation to the bound aries of a line of text In the standard form the specification consists of a mandatory keyword that defines the reference point optionally followed by an offset The keyword for the reference point is one of the following ATTRIBUTES 11 leftmargin rightmargin the margins of the text on the page as seen by LATEX the distance between the margins is textwidth textleftmargin textrightmargin the margins between which an ob ject of the default textus subclass is typeset They differ from the previous pair of margins only when the Locus and or Modus attributes are specified for the default textus subclass 14 textleftedge the position at the left edge of the box containing the first non space character on the line Only the white space resulting from the document mark up
122. r Or Lucifer will bear thee quick to hell MARLOWE Doctor Faustus V 2 STAGE DIRECTIONS 109 Options The software automatically sets the options and d detached The op tions you can set are just the same as for a p SD set justified set rangedright set rangedleft set centred set centredfinal cancel hanging indentation cancel parindent see below do not insert SpatiumSupra do not insert SpatiumInfra He 0 sa Pp HAOo E_HKRKU For a b SD the effect of the w option is different from the effect the option has for a p SD the stage direction is typeset using the full text measure not the full text width ignoring any textus shift By setting the appropriate options you can achieve any particular arrange ment as found in professionally typeset texts For instance with the follow ing input Facies textit 1 Forma parindent 1em Kisses him and rises and goes out persona Sir Robert Chiltern walks up and down for a moment the sits down and buries his face in his hands The Servant enters and begins putting out the lights persona Sir Robert Chiltern looks up the result would be Kisses him and rises and goes out SIR ROBERT CHILTERN walks up and down for a moment the sits down and buries his face in his hands The Servant enters and begins putting out the lights SIR ROBERT CHILTERN looks up WILDE An Ideal Husband I With this input 110 TYPESETTING DRAM
123. r more strophes and marking omissions in some way You can do this without upsetting the strophic structure and line numbering with the command stropha lt line numbers gt lt text gt lt text gt which should fit in a single line and may be empty will be printed taking the place of an entire strophe The lt line numbers gt are a list of all numerus subclasses that are currently used for line numbering If lines are not numbered you should write the brackets cannot be omitted as they distinguish the command from other variants of Nstropha 56 Locus numerus textleftmargin 5mm Facies RelSize 1 oldstylenums 1 Forma strophae 0101 SpatiumSupra lex 5241 And the moon be still as bright stropha numerus textbf Though the night was made for loving Eevee So we ll go no more a roving So late into the night Though the heart be still as loving And the moon be still as bright Though the night was made for loving 10 And the day returns too soon Yet we ll go no more a roving By the light of the moon BYRON So we ll go no more a roving Each use of the command represents a single strophe if several strophes are omitted you should have as many commands as there are strophes with all of them except one having an empty lt text gt Forma strophae 000 1ex 000 1ex 000 1ex 000 1ex 00 SpatiumSupra lex Facies titulus textsc 1 titulus i O
124. re seems to be a convention of always starting a speech on a new line but occasionally in verse drama two very short speeches may be packed into a single line this is almost invariably done in editions of Greek drama septem 35 36 The package supports this style you should define SpatiumAnte persona which sets the spacing between the speeches 94 Ou Ou Ou Ou Ou Ou Ou TYPESETTING DRAMA persona 1 Oi persona 2 Is SpatiumAnte persona 1 5em 1 w te knon h keis 2 w pa ter du smoir o ra n 1 te knon pe fhnas 2 ou k a neu mo xqou ge moi t xvoy fixe Io n tep d ouoto p amp v T XVOV neonvas lo o x dvev ubybou y uot np odjaucov rai Io Brryrduw Suvo v duod OT EU duatuov Ic dvogBAat Tpogal 330 N Node x uo Io Suoubpou v euod tpirnc t xvov ti 8 NAdeg Io of n tep npoundia n tepa T OLOL Io xoi A ywv Y alrayyeiog Edv rep eiyov OIXETOYV mot u vo t t l SOPHOCLES Oedipus at Colonus More about speech headings The style used so far for speech headings with the speaker s name forming an integral part of the speech is probably the most popular But other styles are possible One style often used for French plays places the speech he ading on a line of its own centring it phedre cyrano Locus persona centre Locus textus leftmargin 6em CHIMENE Quoi Rodrigue en
125. re they are almost invariably written in full and often highlighted by using a different typeface The name to be used in a stage direction is defined in the sub argument the part following NX of persona and the aspect in the sub argument of Facies persona persona 1 Oth Othello persona 2 Des Desdemona Facies persona textit 1 textsc 1 2 in bed asleep V Enter 1 with a light V 1 textbf ldots 2 Who s there Othello 1 Ay Desdemona THE SPEECH 91 DESDEMONA in bed asleep Enter OTHELLO with a light Oth Des Who s there Othello Oth Ay Desdemona SHAKESPEARE Othello V 2 Notice that Othello and Desdemona are written in full within the main text You must not use a persona command or an abbreviation in such contexts It would be wrong in principle as any tampering with an estab lished text is inadmissible and in practice it would lead to some surprising results such as 2 Who s there 1 1 Ay 2 Des Who s there Oth Oth Ay Des SHAKESPEARE Othello V 2 The speech The text of a speech is usually given a distinctive shape by indenting either all lines after the first which seems to be the most popular style or the first line alone The shape is defined by setting the Forma attribute for the Persona class For the first style use earnest antocleo hangafter 1 hangindent lt dimen gt Forma persona h
126. relation to a single line of typeset text Some times however it is necessary to position a text object relative to a set of consecutive lines a common case is that of the list of characters for a play where several characters each listed on a separate line are grouped together with a brace and given a single description GONERIL REGAN Daughters to LEAR CORDELIA The set of consecutive lines in relation to which a text object is to be po sitioned is delimited by a pair of commands area endarea or Area endArea you may also place the set within the area or Area environ ment Versus Area textsc Goneril textsc Regan textsc Cordelia endArea endVersus An area can be defined only within the Versus or the Prosa domains here it is placed within Versus to have the name of each character listed on a separate line All lines in the area must appear on the same page of output The Locus attribute for a textus subclass whose objects are to be at tached to an area must start with area the rest of the argument specifies the position of the object in the same manner as for objects that are to be attached to a single line with one important difference textleftedge and textrightedge refer to the leftmost rightmost positions respectively at which a non space character occurs on any of the lines within the area i e they correspond to the left and right boundaries of the smallest vbox that would entirely enclo
127. s the lt optional argument gt of a letter or Letter command The tokens in an alphabet need not be letters there is in fact a symbol alphabet with these values 718 The command reference n may be used as a shorthand for letter symbol n Number ranges Typographical standards require number ranges e g 131 4 1961 8 1988 93 to be printed using the least number of numerals possible except for the numbers 10 19 which represent single words The command NumberRange takes three arguments the first two are the lower and upper limits of the range the third which must be the name of a ATEX counter is set by the command to the value to be used for the upper limit Driving out When typesetting a work in prose of some length getting a few Overfull box messages is almost inevitable especially with plays where speeches may be as short as a couple of lines leaving no room for manoeuvre to TEX s line breaking algorithm For obvious reasons altering the text is out of the question Sometimes increasing the stretchability or shrinkability of glue at suitable points for instance after the speech heading will solve the problem but situations will occur where there is no alternative to allowing looser word spacing driving out for some stretch of text The normal form of the DriveOut command is meant to be used at the start of a TEX group and it affects all text within the group the form applies to
128. s uota facienda sunt Omne enim quod fortuito obuenit instabile est quod altius surrexerit opportunius est in occasum Neminem porro casura delectant miserrimam ergo necesse est non tantum breuissimam uitam esse eorum qui magno parant labore quod maiore possideant Operose assequuntur quae uolunt anxii tenent quae asse cuti sunt nulla interim numquam amplius redituri temporis ratio est nouae occupationes ueteribus substituuntur spes spem excitat ambitionem ambi tio Miseriarum non finis quaeritur sed materia mutatur Nostri nos honores torserunt plus temporis alieni auferunt candidati laborare desiimus suffra gatores incipimus accusandi deposuimus molestiam iudicandi nanciscimur iudex desiit esse quaesitor est alienorum bonorum mercennaria procuratione consenuit suis opibus distinetur Marium caliga dimisit consulatus exercet Quintius dictaturam properat peruadere ab aratro reuocabitur Ibit in Poenos nondum tantae maturus rei Scipio uictor Hannibalis uictor Antiochi sui con sulatus decus fraterni sponsor ni per ipsum mora esset cum loue reponeretur ciuiles seruatorem agitabunt seditiones et post fastiditos a iuuene diis aequos honores iam senem contumacis exilii delectabit ambitio Numquam derunt uel felices uel miserae sollicitudinis causae per occupationes uita trudetur otium numquam agetur semper optabitur SENECA De brevitate vitae 17 x 84 TYPESETTING PROSE commissurae The mechanism supporting milestones
129. say Al Nor will you ever if you interrupt Ch Proceed and I will hold my speechless tongue Al This house was Eriphyle s no one else s Ch Nor did he shame his throat with shameful lies Al May then enter passing through the door Ch Go chase into the house a lucky foot And O my son be on the one hand good And do not on the other hand be bad For that is much the safest plan Al Igo into the house with heels and speed HOUSMAN Fragment of a Greek tragedy Sometimes a character s speech is part of a piece of text for instance a song with a peculiar shape quite different from that of an ordinary speech In such cases you can define the shape of the text with the standard com mands for the Versus domain and set the appropriate textus shift this would normally be done within a TEX group persona 1 autolycus bes Locus textus 6em Forma strophae 001110 5111000 1 Get you hence for I must go Es Then whither goest say whither MORE ABOUT SPEECH HEADINGS 99 AUTOLYCUS Get you hence for I must go Where it fits not you to know DORCAS Whither OPSA O whither DORCAS Whither OPSA It becomes thy oath full well Thou to me thy secrets tell DORCAS Me too let me go thither OPSA Or thou goest to the orange or mill DORCAS If to either thou dost ill AUTOLYCUS Neither OPSA What neither AUTOLYCUS Neither DORCAS Thou hast sworn my love to be OPSA Thou hast sworn it m
130. se the area The Facies attribute for the subclass may include a Delimiter 18 In this case the size of the delimiter is determined by the size of the area to which the textus object is attached and not as normally happens by AREAS 23 the size of the object itself This is usually what is needed to revert to the normal procedure for determining the size of the delimiter you can use the form of the command Delimiterx Objects of the subclass are instanced in the same manner as objects of other textus subclasses by using the subclass name as a command usually followed an argument Instead of being attached to the next line the object will be attached to the next area Novus textus characters Locus area textrightedge 25em Facies Delimiter 95 itshape 1 Lis characters Daughters to textsc Lear Versus Area textsc Goneril ls Areas may be nested and they may also partially overlap A single line can belong to at most 16 different areas In the case of partially not properly nested overlapping areas the opening and closing commands for each area must specify as an lt optional argument gt the same arbitrary identifier a string of alphanumeric characters to allow proper pairing of the commands The area command that appears at the start of the argument of Locus can take an lt optional argument gt to specify the position on the vertical axis at which the object should be plac
131. set automatically If you say Locus textus Auto the Locus for a poem will be chosen so that its longest line is centred Recall that poem stands for anything appearing within a Versus domain in fact when typesetting a collection you will find it almost indispensable to define one or more environments in which to enclose the poems carmina metapoet fleurs If the Auto option does not give satisfactory results you can try auto which attempts to provide optical centring defined by the ODWE as po sitioning on page of a title or passage of verse so that it appears to the reader to be centred although by measurement it is not This is hardly a satisfactory specification for an algorithm and the software approximates optical centring by computing the average length of a line ignoring very short lines and setting the Locus so that a line of that length is centred Since the maximum lt dimen gt TEX can handle is about 5 75 meters the average is computed over the first 5 5 meters worth of text Unless the poem has a truly bizarre shape this is not likely to make any noticeable difference THE TEXT 51 Setting the NLocus automatically requires two IATEX runs At the end of the first you get the message You have set Locus textus to auto or Auto With both options if you judge that it would be better to set Locus so that a particular line is centred you can override the automatic mechanism by writing Naut
132. sociated to recto and verso pages The definitions are listed in the argument in the form of sub arguments separated by If no appears within the argument the definition applies to both contexts Locus numerus rightmargin 1em Locus numerus rightmargin 1em leftmargin 1em The first definition causes line numbers to be typeset in the right margin in all pages the second specifies that the numbers should appear in the outside margins i e the right margin for recto pages and the left margin for verso pages Since in most cases several attributes of a subclass are defined at the same time there is a handy convention that can save keystrokes after a Novus command or an attribute definition in the full format given above you can omit the subclass name in any further definitions for the same subclass Novus numerus subnumerus Facies RelSize 3 oldstylenums 1 Locus rightmargin 1 66cm Modus alignedleft Facies subnumerus RelSize 3 oldstylenums 1 Locus rightmargin 1 66cm Modus alignedleft Attribute definitions are translated by the software into TEX macro def initions All such macro definitions are local which means that you can temporarily change an attribute within a TEX group without affecting its definition outside the group ATTRIBUTES 9 The commands for the Facies Forma and Modus attributes may also occur in the form the argument is then added to the c
133. st occur within text that belongs to the first line to which the textus object should not be attached the appropriate position is obvious within Versus but can be determined only by trial and error within Prosa The textus object In its simplest form a textus object is processed by TEX in horizontal mode resulting in a hbox that is typeset at its natural width Novus textus lemma Facies textbf 1 lemma envy textit n Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity par 16 THE TEXTUS CLASS lemma hatred textit n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority envy n Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity hatred n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority BIERCE The Devil s Dictionary Both the width of the hbox and the position of the text within the box can be changed by giving a field specification in the argument of the Modus attribute for the subclass The field specification consists of one of the fol lowing commands rangedleft justified equivalent in this context to rangedleft rangedright centred or centered followed by a lt dimen gt argument that specifies the field width i e the width of the gen erated hbox Modus lemma rangedleft 5in envy n Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity hatred n A sentiment appropriate to the occasion of another s superiority Modus lemma rangedright 5in envy n Emulation adapted to t
134. such cases the number is printed on the next line Notice the SpatiumAnte attribute it specifies the minimum space that should be present between the end of the text and the line number the default value is 5em Locus numerus textrightmargin 10mm Facies RelSize 1 oldstylenums 1 SpatiumAnte 25em O to be in England Now that April s there And whoever wakes in England Sees some morning unaware That the lowest boughs and the brushwood sheaf Round the elm tree bole are in tiny leaf 6 While the chaffinch sings on the orchard bough In England now BROWNING Home Thoughts from Abroad 4695 64 TYPESETTING POETRY Sometimes the next line also has not enough room and the number has to be moved again And so on until a suitable line is found You get an error message if no such line is found before the line that would carry the next line number in the natural progression or before the end of the Versus domain One or more line numbers could not be printed And after April when May follows And the whitethroat builds and all the swallows Hark where my blossom d pear tree in the hedge Leans to the field and scatters on the clover 12 Blossoms and dewdrops at the bent spray s edge That s the wise thrush he sings each song twice over Lest you should think he never could recapture The first fine careless rapture 16 And though the fields look rough with hoary dew All will be gay when
135. sumption of the normal flow the text is properly indented THE SPEECH 93 In some very peculiar circumstances this mechanism fails placing 00 at the point of failure forces the indentation appropriate for a line which is not the first of a speech hamlet 60 stoops 6 tempest 51 00 should also be used to ensure the proper format for an isolated quotation Facies persona textit 1 textsc 1 Forma hangindent 1em hangafter 1 Facies textit 1 Forma centred persona 1 K Rich King Richard The king enacts more wonders than a man Daring an opposite to every danger His horse is slain and all on foot he fights Seeking for Richmond in the throat of death Rescue fair lord or else the day is lost Alarums Enter 1 1 A horse a horse my kingdom for a horse lt Measure gt The king enacts more wonders than a man Daring an opposite to every danger His horse is slain and all on foot he fights Seeking for Richmond in the throat of death Rescue fair lord or else the day is lost Alarums Enter KING RICHARD K Rich A horse a horse my kingdom for a horse SHAKESPEARE King Richard III V 4 Using 00 restores the correct layout 00 The king enacts more wonders than a man The king enacts more wonders than a man Daring an opposite to every danger His horse is slain and all on foot he fights Seeking for Richmond in the throat of death In modern typography the
136. tandard action for an object of the titulus class is to transfer the entire command argument Occasionally you may want to send only part of the argument to the headline and or the table of contents or perhaps you may want to add some extra information Within the argument of a object of the titulus class you may use the following commands EXTENSIONS TO TITLESEC 113 headline contents notheadline notcontents The text in the argument of the first two commands is sent to the respective destination but it does not become part of the object as it is typeset at the place of occurrence Conversely for the last two commands the text is typeset normally in place but it is not sent to the headline or table of contents Here is an example from faust Titel Goethe uber seinen Faust notheadline notcontents RelSize 1 und 33ex Quellen zur Entstehungsgeschichte des Faust Extensions to titlesec thecontentslabelfinal The standard titlesec thecontentslabel command returns the full label for a section typically in the form of a sequence of numbers separated by periods In most cases only the last number in the sequence is relevant and thecontentslabelfinal returns just that arden hs penguin hs firstlinetitlemarks In addition to the standard firsttitlemarks toptitlemarks etc you can also use firstlinetitlemarks which provides the type of mark dis cussed on page 260 of The TpXbook
137. ters the default is t in addition to 1 for first lines and t for the default entry type for a titulus subclass you can use any letter you may have specified as the lt optional argument gt of the indexes command in the Caput attribute of a titulus subclass Each letter in the list may be followed by the names of numerus subclasses The effect is this at the time an index entry of that type is typeset the counter for each of the specified numerus subclasses will hold the same value it held at the time the text was typeset in the original context the value can be typeset as part of the index entry to provide auxiliary references in addition to the page number carmina Note that the mechanism which makes the value available in the index does not in any way affect the value of the counter outside the context of indexes When you use this feature you must place the BuildIndexes command at a point in the preamble where all the numerus subclasses the command references are defined Any letter except 1 may be followed by either or When is specified the text of the index entry is examined if it starts with an article the original entry is replaced by a new text in which the article is placed at the end preceded by a comma fleurs The following examples show the original text of the entry on the left and the modified text on the right La casa dei doganieri Casa dei doganieri La Los Llanos Llanos Los Le seul t moin Seul t
138. th again ac cording to his circuits All the rivers run into the sea yet the sea is not full unto the place from whence the rivers come thither they return again All things are full of labour man cannot ut ter it the eye is not satisfied with seeing nor the ear filled with hearing KING JAMES BIBLE Ecclesiastes Typesetting drama To typeset the text of a play you must place it within the Drama domain which is supported by the drama package If you are setting a modern play in prose and do not wish to number the lines this is all that is required If the play is in verse or in a mix of verse and prose you will also need to place sections of the text within the Versus or Prosa domains as appropriate The drama package adds support for three new classes one for speech headings and two for stage directions Because of their specialized nature these classes do not allow the definition of subclasses with the Novus com mand the only subclass is the default subclass There is no special provision for the list of characters acts and scenes As the examples files show a variety of styles is easily accomodated with the appropriate combination of titulus and numerus subclasses The speech heading The beginning of a speech is indicated by the occurrence of an object of the class persona which identifies the speaker s persona Anselme Seigneur Harpagon il faut lui pardonner cette imposture persona Harpagon Vous pa
139. this you can take advantage of TEX grouping which localizes changes just enclose any commands within a pair of braces or place them between begingroup and endgroup Because of the way text is processed within Versus there is an important restriction a group delimiter may appear in a line that carries text to be typeset only if the matching delimiter also appears on the same line i e the group is wholly contained within the line Otherwise each delimiter must be on a line that does not contain any text to be typeset To change the appearance of several lines of verse you should set Facies textus generally using the form as in the next example to add some feature to the existing definition 47 48 TYPESETTING POETRY Facies textus itshape Poi s ascose nel foco che gli affina Quando fiam uti chelidon textemdash upshape 0 swallow swallow Le Prince d Aquitaine a la tour abolie y London Bridge is falling down falling down falling down Poi s ascose nel foco che gli affina Quando fiam uti chelidon O swallow swallow Le Prince d Aquitaine la tour abolie These fragments I have shored against my ruins Why then Ile fit you Hieronymo s mad againe Datta Dayadhvam Damyata Shantih shantih shantih ELIOT The Waste Land To change the appearance of just a few words within a line of verse you can freely use all the text commands listed in ATEX Ze for authors Und wir die an textit steigendes Gl u
140. to redefine baselinestretch The command gives the same results as version 2 0b of Donald Arseneau and Matt Swift s relsize package whose code it actually uses The current 3 1 version of relsize being based on the concept of mag steps may give quite different results 38 GENERAL PURPOSE COMMANDS 39 Letterspacing underlining et al Melchior Franz s soul package includes all the facilities a typographer may conceivably need in this area The teyv x amp commands are just wrappers for the corresponding soul commands with some minor additions to make them easier to use with the suite The basic command for letterspacing is LetterSpace The default values for the space parameters are lt inter letter space gt 15em lt inner space gt 66em plus iem lt outer space gt 66em plus 15em you may of course change them with sodef The command takes as an lt optional argument gt a fraction of the form m n giving the factor by which the space parameters should be multiplied LetterSpace 3 2 increases all space parameters by 50 You may wonder at this odd format Using a real number would be more nat ural but unfortunately TEX cannot multiply all three components of lt glue gt by a real number it can only multiply and divide them by an integer The command letterspace in addition to letterspacing converts all char acters to lower case LETTERspace converts them to upper case These combination
141. to repeat the name at the beginning of the speech on the other hand the software requires each speech to start with a speech heading barbier Forma persona hangafter 1 hangindent 1em 0 O u donc est ce tr esor SCENE PREMIERE La crypte des anciens rois de Pologne dans la cath drale de Varsovie La M RE UBU seule O donc est ce tresor Aucune dalle ne sonne creux J ai pourtant bien compt treize pierres apr s le tombeau de Ladislas le Grand en allant le long du mur et il n y a rien Il faut qu on m ait tromp e Voil cependant ici la pierre sonne creux A l oeuvre M re Ubu Courage descellons cette pierre Elle tient bon Prenons ce bout de croc finances qui fera encore son office Voil Voil l or au milieu des ossements des rois Dans notre sac alors tout Eh quel est ce bruit Dans ces vieilles vo tes y aurait il encore des vivants Non ce n est rien h tons nous Prenons tout Cet argent sera mieux la face du jour qu au milieu des tombeaux des anciens princes Remettons la pierre Eh quoi toujours ce bruit Ma pr sence en ces lieux me cause une trange frayeur Je prendrai le reste de cet or une autre fois je reviendrai demain UNE VOIX sortant du tombeau de Jean Sigismond Jamais M re Ubu JARRY Ubu roi 00 is more rarely needed When a speech is interrupted by an piece of text that has a quite different shape a song for instance the software ensures that on re
142. tter is typeset on a separate line as a sort of title All these styles are easily obtained with teyvux Whenever the initial letter of an entry differs from that of the previous entry the software automatically issues the command IndexSeparator with the new initial as the argument NIndexSeparator is a predefined locally within the index titulus subclass created with these attributes Facies IndexSeparator SpatiumSupra 5 leading Because Facies is empty 34 the command argument the initial letter is ignored but SpatiumSupra is obeyed inserting blank space before the new group of entries By redefining the attributes and perhaps adding SpatiumInfra you can have the letter in the argument typeset above the group The initial letter of the first entry of a group is treated by teyvixd as an incipit just like the beginning of the first line of a poem 43 and is typeset according to Facies incipit Within the index Facies incipit is empty so that the letter is typeset without alteration By redefining the attribute you can specify how the letter should be typeset the attribute definition must not contain references to parameters other than 1 only the first letter should be affected 120 INDEXES Updating the table of contents At the end of the previous step the indexes have been typeset but are not yet listed in the table of contents To update the table you need a final step with BuildIndexes toc
143. tus The same shift can be reinstated at a later place with Locus textus note that the value used is that of the last Locus textus independently of grouping the value is saved globally You need not specify the textus shift explicitly The teyv xa software can automatically compute and apply the appropriate shift according to the standard typographical conventions for poetry For this you specify Auto or auto as the argument of Locus textus 50 The textus shift is taken into account only within Versus it is ignored within Prosa Other textus subclasses Objects of subclasses other than the default subclass are instanced explicitly by using the subclass name as a command In most cases the text object is given as the argument of the command but it is also possible to have subclasses whose objects are fully specified by the Facies attribute 6 in which case the subclass name is not followed by an argument If no Locus attribute is specified for the subclass the object is instanced at the point where the command occurs If the Locus attribute is set and the command occurs within Versus or Prosa the object is attached to the next typeset line at the position specified by the attribute A textus object may be attached to each line of a set of consecutive lines by using the form of the corresponding command foscolo 8 11 The end of the set is marked by the same command followed by two asterisks the command mu
144. uero a Paul Val ery Questi versi 61 2 un oi a puyd Blov d8dvatov onedde x v Eunpaxtov amp vThet uayav v piacquero a Paul Val ry che li pose come epigrafe a Le cimeti re ma rin compendiano l idea dominante della provvisoriet del vivere e la soluzione proposta nell explicit del carme Il faux tenter de vivre GENTILI Introduzione alla Pitica terza The Facies attribute Objects of the default textus subclass are typeset using the Facies textus attribute which if not yet defined is set automatically at the start of the document to reflect the font in use at that point You can re define 13 14 THE TEXTUS CLASS Facies textus at any point typically within a TEX group and perhaps using the form which adds some parameter to the current definition with out replacing it The Facies attribute for textus must not contain a reference to 1 you cannot say textit 1 say itshape instead The Locus and Modus attributes In most cases you need not specify any other attribute for the default sub class as you will generally want to use all the available space on the page as seen by IATEX Sometimes however you may want to use only part of that space for the main text of the document antocleo 125 fol mariner you must then define the boundaries of the area to be used With Locus textus you define the position of the left margin of the area for instance Locus Ntextus leftm
145. umSupra and SpatiumInfra attributes are performed The Modus attribute The only option is unhyphenated or nohyphens to prevent hyphenation when the object consists of more than one line The Spatium attributes The SpatiumSupra and SpatiumInfra attributes are almost always set for this class to leave some space around the object SpatiumSupra may include the penalty command in the special format a real number enclosed within parentheses or brackets supported by teyvix 35 this may prevent an object appearing too low in the page SpatiumAnte and SpatiumPost are not defined for the class The spatium class An object of the spatium class represents vertical space to be inserted at the point where the object is instanced The Facies attribute The only attribute for this class is Facies which specifies the vertical space as a glue value and or a penalty value When the argument includes both lt glue gt and a penalty the values must be listed in this order The lt glue gt value is a TEX glue specification lt dimen gt plus lt dimen gt minus lt dimen gt where the plus lt dimen gt and minus lt dimen gt components are optional In addition to the standard units of measure and TEX parameters you can also use leading pronounced ledding the traditional term in typography for the distance of a base line of a line of type from the base line of the line below it leading is just a synonym for th
146. undary to be aligned with the reference point specified by the Locus attribute The Facies attribute All the features described in the general discussion of the attribute 9 are available for the subclass Delimiters The Facies attribute for a textus subclass may include one or two delim iters A delimiter is generated by the Delimiter command the command argument is the TEX control sequence for the delimiter which may be one of the basic set of 22 listed on page 146 of The TEXbook or one of the special delimiters listed on page 150 The Delimiter command can appear only at the start or at the end of the argument for Facies The size of the delimiter is determined by the size of the text object which must of course consist of more than one line line breaks are set by Novus textus DP Facies Delimiter lbrace RelSize 9 2 1 Modus aligned axis rangedleft 0pt DP Montague Capulet DP Octavius C ae sar Marcus Antonius M AE mil Lepidus DP Peaseblossom Cobweb Moth Mustardseed Marcus Antonius Capulet Moth M Emil Lepidus Maries Montague Octavius C sar on The Delimiter command can take as an lt optional argument gt a real number the adjustment factor The adjustment factor is multiplied by the actual size of the text to which the delimiter is attached to give an apparent size TEX will then use the apparent text size to compute the size of the delimiter As the example
147. urrent definition for the attribute CAUTION As the examples above show an attribute definition may in clude strings of the form n where n is a digit This is the TEX notation for a parameter in a macro definition attribute definitions eventually result as we have seen in macro definitions With complex documents it is some times necessary to define ad hoc commands whose definition includes the setting of some attribute fleurs This can be safely done provided you remember a basic rule of TEX syntax if a macro definition occurs within the replacement text of another macro definition all tokens occurring in the parameters of the inner definition must be redoubled as in this example from The TEXbook def a 1 def b 1 1 1 The Facies attribute The attribute defines the appearance of an object as it is typeset the ar gument may contain arbitrary TEX and IATEX commands though in most cases the commands are limited to those that directly affect the aspect Within the argument the object to be typeset is represented by 1 the notation for a TEX macro parameter which the object actually is in this context for some objects that have distinct components each component may be represented by a separate macro parameter up to 5 for some ob jects of the Nnumerus class The typesetting of the object according to the definition in Facies is done within a TEX group so that there is no risk of any other part of the docume
148. use for subclasses of this type is for representing lacunas in a text Novus textus lacuna Facies textperiodcentered hskip 1 5em Modus multiples Inde casas postquam ac pellis ignemque pararunt et mulier coniuncta viro concessit in unum lacuna et mulier coniuncta viro concessit in unum cognita sunt prolemque ex se videre creatam tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit Inde casas postquam ac pellis ignemque pararunt et mulier coniuncta viro concessit in unum cognita sunt prolemque ex se videre creatam tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit LUCRETIUS De rerum natura V The amount of space to be filled may be also specified directly with hskip or hspace followed by lt dimen gt For instance using PreviousLineWidth discussed later on 77 OTHER TEXTUS SUBCLASSES 21 Cerberus et furiae iam vero et lucis egestas Tartarus horriferos eructans faucibus aestus lacuna hskip PreviousLineWidth qui neque sunt usquam nec possunt esse profecto Cerberus et furiae iam vero et lucis egestas Tartarus horriferos eructans faucibus aestus qui neque sunt usquam nec possunt esse profecto LUCRETIUS De rerum natura III The Forma attribute The attribute is not defined for the subclass The Spatium attributes The attributes are not defined for the subclass 22 THE TEXTUS CLASS Areas The mechanisms discussed so far are adequate for placing textus objects at the appropriate position in
149. ve make sure that it does not occur within the command definition i e put a percent sign at the end of each line If the command can appear at the beginning of a line the definition should start with leavevmode The Prosa domain Within the Prosa domain all the standard rules for TEX input apply an empty line for instance marks the end of a paragraph The Drama domain This specialized domain is described in chapter Typesetting drama 86 Classes and objects The main classes are textus numerus titulus and spatium which are supported by the base package of the suite TEXNIKA The poetry and drama packages add support for a few more specialized classes Objects never belong directly to one of the main classes they occur only as instances of a subclass of one of the classes You are free to define as many subclasses as are necessary for processing a particular type of document To each subclass is associated a set of attributes whose values determine the way an object of the subclass is processed you can set and change a subclass attribute at any time The suite automatically defines for each of the classes one default subclass whose name is the same as the name of the parent class the numerus titulus and spatium subclasses are always available while the default textus subclass is reserved 13 The occurrence of an object in the document takes the form of the name of the parent subclass followed in most cases
150. ways have no 1 in their Facies attribute with the corresponding commands taking no argument Objects of the spatium class also occur in other contexts e as values of the SpatiumSupra and SpatiumInfra attributes of some classes e within the argument of Forma stropha 53 a class supported by the poetry package e as the lt optional argument gt of a command within an object of the textus 17 or titulus 33 classes and some classes supported by the drama package 102 104 In all these cases the object specification has the same form as the argument of a command corresponding to a spatium subclass Alternatively if you have defined a spatium subclass with an appropriate Facies it should not contain 1 you can specify the object by quoting the subclass name 54 teyvixd makes no explicit provision for classes corresponding to horizontal space Instead it provides specialized commands for controlling horizontal spacing in all contexts mainly occurring within verse where such spacing constitutes a significant typographical element For some classes it is possible to define SpatiumAnte and SpatiumPost attributes which specify horizontal spacing the rules are the same as for SpatiumSupra and SpatiumInfra TFX does not distinguish between ver tical glue and horizontal glue but the two types of glue are not in practice interchangeable if only because vertical glue is best specified in terms of ex un
151. wild West Wind thou breath of Autumn s being Esa 66 TYPESETTING POETRY Destroyer and preserver hear 0 hear stropha numerus stropha numerus stropha numerus titulus v Make me thy lyre even as the forest is 10 60 65 70 I O wild West Wind thou breath of Autumn s being Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing Yellow and black and pale and hectic red Pestilence stricken multitudes O thou Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed The wing d seeds where they lie cold and low Each like a corpse within its grave until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow Her clarion o er the dreaming earth and fill Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air With living hues and odours plain and hill Wild Spirit which art moving everywhere Destroyer and preserver hear oh hear V Make me thy lyre even as the forest is What if my leaves are falling like its own The tumult of thy mighty harmonies Will take from both a deep autumnal tone Sweet though in sadness Be thou Spirit fierce My spirit Be thou me impetuous one Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like wither d leaves to quicken a new birth And by the incantation of this verse Scatter as from an unextinguish d hearth Ashes and sparks my words among mankind Be through my lips to unawakened earth The trumpet of a pro
152. y means of the TEX commands discussed in Chapter 14 of The TEXbook How TEX Breaks Paragraphs into Lines parindent hangindent hangafter leftskip rightskip etc For text that appears within Prosa the way individual lines are typeset can be specified by means of one of the following commands justified the TEX default all lines are ranged both left and right except for the last line which is ranged left rangedleft rangedright all lines are ranged left and right respectively centered or centred all lines are centred within the current text margins centeredfinal or centredfinal the same as justified but the last line is centred instead of being ranged left Please note that this style used almost exclusively for stage directions in theatrical plays can be applied only to a piece of text that consists of a single paragraph CAUTION Do not use seemingly synonymous plain TEX and ATEX con trol sequences such as raggedleft and raggedright they would give unpredictable results Forma adds the argument to the current definition for the attribute The Modus attribute The attribute is used to set options that modify the standard treatment for objects of the subclass Different options are available for each main class they are illustrated later on in the appropriate context Modus adds the argument to the current definition for the attribute The Spatium attributes The main attributes are SpatiumSupra and
153. y following lines until a command assigning a new value is issued typically numerus 1 to resume normal counting For line numbers setting the value of the counter also enables printing of the numbers which is not enabled by default A command with an empty argument numerus disables printing which may be resumed without altering the counter with numerus 0 Instancing the object The object specified by the argument of the form is typeset uncondition ally either at the current position within the document or at the position defined by the Locus attribute The argument of the form unlike that of the normal form can be specified using the full syntax for an object of the numerus class which allows for up to five components lt head gt lt first value gt lt separator gt lt second value gt lt tail gt Here are some examples the values assigned to each component are listed on the right side 123 lt gt lt 123 gt lt gt lt gt lt gt 135 136 D lt gt lt 135 gt lt gt lt 136 gt lt D gt 104a space LP lt gt lt 104 gt lt gt lt gt lt a LP gt a lt gt lt gt K gt lt gt lt a gt 1 1 lt gt lt 1 gt lt gt lt 15 lt gt Fr 286 7 Dind Fr lt 286 gt lt gt lt 7 gt lt Dind gt 1 lt gt lt 1 gt lt gt lt gt lt gt relax 1 lt gt lt 1 gt lt gt lt gt lt gt 1 relax2 lt gt lt 1 gt lt gt lt gt lt 2 gt The ex
154. yerez donc le commissaire persona Anselme Soit Allons vite faire part de notre joie a votre m ere persona Harpagon Et moi voir ma ch ere cassette ANSELME Seigneur Harpagon il faut lui pardonner cette imposture HARPAGON Vous payerez donc le commissaire ANSELME Soit Allons vite faire part de notre joie votre m re HARPAGON Et moi voir ma ch re cassette MOLIERE L avare V 6 The Facies attribute for persona must be defined you get an error message if it is not The argument specifies how the beginning of the speech is typeset 1 stands for the name of the character i e the argument of persona For the quotation above 86 THE SPEECH HEADING 87 Facies persona textsc MakeLowercase 1 textemdash For long texts entering the full persona command at the start of each speech would be tiresome and would also tend to obfuscate the structure of the text So there is the possibility of defining an abbreviation for an object of the persona class a sequence of one or two digits preceded by the escape character The numerical value of the sequence is irrelevant 1 and 01 are different abbreviations 0 and 00 are reserved and have a special meaning 92 An abbreviation is defined by placing the corresponding digit s in the lt optional argument gt of persona persona 1 Anselme Seigneur Harpagon il faut lui pardonner cette imposture persona 2 Harpagon Vous payere
155. z donc le commissaire 1 Soit Allons vite faire part de notre joie a votre m ere 2 Et moi voir ma ch ere cassette It is generally advisable to define all the abbreviations at the same time and in one place For this you can use the form of persona which does not generate any text persona 1 Anselme persona 2 Harpagon 1 Seigneur Harpagon il faut lui pardonner cette imposture 2 Vous payerez donc le commissaire 1 Soit Allons vite faire part de notre joie a votre m ere 2 Et moi voir ma ch ere cassette ANSELME Seigneur Harpagon il faut lui pardonner cette imposture HARPAGON Vous payerez donc le commissaire ANSELME Soit Allons vite faire part de notre joie votre m re HARPAGON Et moi voir ma ch re cassette MOLIERE L avare V 6 Please note that defining an abbreviation results in a global assignment in the TEX sense This means that if you redefine an abbreviation the previous definition is lost even if the redefinition occurs inside a TEX group As more than a hundred abbreviations are available there is never any need for such confusing tricks 88 TYPESETTING DRAMA Asides There used to be a typographical convention now apparently gone out of fashion of indicating an aside by placing a parenthesis before the name of the speaker hamlet To use this convention you should define Facies aparte and place the aparte command before pers
156. zed that only a small subset of the functions was actually needed and I packaged it in txnline sty It was with some regret that I jettisoned Stephan s code for page table look up one of the most elegant pieces of programming I have ever come across Before I had written a single line of code I knew I would not have to worry about headlines and the table of contents as every conceivable facility in this area was available in Javier Bezos titlesec and titletoc And so it has proved to be implementing an ad hoc interface with teyvixd has been quite easy David Carlisle s ifthen package has provided a ready made indispensable facility for conditional processing The very clean design has allowed the addition of a few specialized tests for the teyvix amp environment without any risk of incompatibilities Going through the code checking for such risks has ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS been quite a pleasurable experience in any competition for the most clever and compact example of TEXnichal wizardry I would have no hesitation in nominating David s TECrepl macro keyval also by David Carlisle has much simplified the handling of options The calc package by Kresten Krab Thorup Frank Jensen and the LaTeX3 Project permits the user of teyvixd to enter complex expressions in a direct and natural way As in the case of ifthen the modular design has made it possible to add some specialized functions for the teyvixd environment Melchior Fra

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