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PC214E - Amplicon

1. Debouncing Either a hardware circuit or software delay to prevent false inputs from a bouncing relay or switch contact Decibel dB A logarithmic representation of the ratio between two signal levels Digital Analog Multiplier Same as Multiplying DAC g v Digital Signal A discrete or discontinuous signal one whose various states are identified with discrete levels or values Digital to Analog Converter A device for converting a parallel digital word to an analog voltage where the magnitude of the output signal represents the value of the digital input DIP Switch A set of switches contained in a dual in line package Drift Small variations in a measured parameter over a period of time Drivers Part of the software that is used to control a specific hardware device Expansion Slots The spaces provided in a computer for expansion boards that enhance the basic operations of the computer FIFO First In First Out A buffer memory that outputs data in the same order that they are input Form A Form B Form C Contacts Relay contact sets which are normally open normally closed and changeover respectively Four Quadrant Operation In a multiplying DAC four quadrant operation means that both the reference signal and the number represented by the digital input may both be either positive or negative polarity The output obeys the rules of multiplication for algebraic sign GAL Generic Array Logic Programmable logic device where
2. Z1 OUT 1 Z1 CLK 2 i p SK1 36 Figure 8 Jumper for Z1 Counter 2 Clock Selection 2 6 6 Counter Timer Gate Source Selection The gate inputs to the PC214E s three timer counters are available on the user connector SK1 see section for more details Each of these gate inputs has a pull up resistor so that if no connection is made to a gate input on SK1 that gate input takes on the default 5V i e gate enabled 2 7 Test Points Test point TP1 on the PC214E is not fitted as standard and is for factory test and programming purposes only Do not make connections to this point Page 14 PC214E AMPLICON 3 MAKING THE CONNECTIONS 3 1 The Input Output Connector These input output connections are made through the connector protruding from the PC adaptor slot corresponding to the chosen board position For completeness of connection information the standard PC back plane bus connections are also shown in paragraph 3 6 5 VDC O P one PPIX Port A7 z1 T E OAS PPIX Port Ad g2 e4 OPP X Port A3 PPIX Port A2 622 ooi nA PpIX Port A PPIX Port AO 3 og On PPIX Port C7 623 62 pial Rete CS ipetx ponies Oe Of PPIXPORC4 oND 2 PPI X Port C3 624 63 PPIX Port C2 PPIX Port Ci lt 4 n gt PPIX PortCo PPIX Port B7 25 644 ssns PPIX Port B6 PPIX Port B5 6 o On PPIX Port B4 PPIX Port B3 626 65 PP X Port B2 PPIX Port Bi C7 O46 PPIX Port BO C27_ 066s aaa PPI Po
3. AMPLICON 5 3 12 Counter Timer Z1 Control Register The Z1 control register provides the means to configure the three sixteen bit counter timers of the 82C54 Z1 An outline of its operation is given here but reference should be made to the 82C54 device manufacturers data sheets in the appendices before programming of the counter is attempted The Counter Timer Control register is a WRITE register The READ register at the same location BA 1346 returns the status of the 82C54 Z1 Counter Timer when used with the Read Back command Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title Write 8 bits 82C54 Z1 Counter Timer Z1 CTC Control Register FUNCTION Provides a control word to define the operation of the Z1 counters 0 1 and 2 The programming procedure for the 82C54 is flexible but the following two conventions must be followed e For each counter the control word must be written before the initial count is loaded e The initial count must follow the count format specified in the control word This format is normally least significant byte followed by most significant byte control word bits 5 4 1 1 but can be L S byte only or M S byte only As the control register and each counter have separate addresses offsets 0 1 2 and 3 and each control word specifies the counter it applies to bits 6 and 7 no special instruction sequence is required When a control word is written to a counter all cont
4. AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 3 Data Buffer Functions 6 6 3 1 Allocate an Integer Data Buffer allocatelntegerBuf Creates a data buffer by allocating a block of memory of integer data The function returns a Buffer Handle positive integer Up to four integer data buffers can be created The Buffer Handle must be used in any subsequent function calls to identify that particular data buffer Two integer data buffers are required by the function DlOsetBiDirectionalBus b allocateIntegerBuf nItems where nitems Long Number of data items to be allocated If there is insufficient memory available for the size of the buffer an error is returned Returns Integer Buffer Handle positive integer This handle must be used in all subsequent function calls to identify the buffer or ERRSUPPORT ERRMEMORY Prior Calls registerBoard See Also freelntegerBuf 6 6 3 2 Allocate a Long Integer Data Buffer allocateLongBuf Creates a data buffer by allocating a block of memory of long integer data The function returns a Buffer Handle positive integer Up to four long data buffers can be created The Buffer Handle must be used in any subsequent function calls to identify that particular data buffer A long integer data buffer is required by the function TCsetEventRecorder b allocateLongBuf nItems where nitems Long Number of data items to be allocated If there is insufficient memory available for the size of the buffer a
5. Frees the two timer counters used for an astable multi vibrator as setup by the TCsetAstable function i TCfreeAstable h hA where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function hA Integer Astable multi vibrator handle as issued by function TCsetAstable Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetAstable See Also 6 6 7 Millisecond Stopwatch Functions 6 6 7 1 Prepare a Millisecond Stopwatch TCsetStopwatch Sets up a stopwatch which uses two timer counters to count in milliseconds for just under 50 days See section 4 2 4 for more details on the Stopwatch application TCsetStopwatch h chip chan where h Integer Handle to previously registered board chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used Z2 20 Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 This channel and the next channel chan 1 are used The second channel may be on the next timer counter chip Returns Integer Positive handle to the stopwatch Use this in calls to the other stopwatch functions to refer to this stopwatch or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetEventRecorder TCstartStopwatch TCfreeStopwatch a E Page 76 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 7 2 Start a Millisecond Stopwatch TCstartStopwatch Starts a stopwatch which has been previously setup by the TCsetStopwatch functi
6. i getIntStat h where Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function Returns Integer Interrupt status byte See section 2 6 4 for a description of the interrupt sources ERRHANDLE ERRSUPPORT Prior Calls registerBoard See Also a S E Page 52 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 2 3 Enable a Board s Interrupts enablelnterrupts Enables the interrupt level registered for a board by unmasking the corresponding bit in the Interrupt Mask register IMR of the 82C59 Programmable Interrupt Controller PIC on the host computer The interrupt sources un masked by a previous call to the setIntMask function or for the PC214E the interrupt source selected by jumper J5 is now enabled See section 2 6 4 for details of the interrupt sources i enableInterrupts h where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also disablelnterrupts setintMask TCsetEventRecorder DlOsetBiDirectionalBus TCsetDCO TCsetVCO 6 6 2 4 Disable a Board s Interrupts disablelnterrupts Disables the interrupt level registered for a board by masking the corresponding bit in the IMR of the PIC on the host computer i disableInterrupts h where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE Prior Calls registerBoard enablelnterrupts setIntMask See Also i PC214E Page 53
7. ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetClock SSS Page 64 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 4 5 Configure Timer Counter Mode TCsetMode Sets a timer counter to one of its five available modes of operation Reading and loading of count values by LSB followed by MSB is selected as is a 16 bit binary count i TCsetMode h chip chan mde where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 mde Integer Counter mode 0 to 5 See the appendix for the 82C54 data sheet Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetClock TCsetGate See Also TCsetCount i PC214E Page 65 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 4 6 Read Timer Counter Status TCgetStatus Returns the mode and status of a timer counter by performing a read back operation on the channel i TCgetStatus h chip chan where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 Returns Integer Timer counte
8. LABTECH NOTEBOOK Drivers A LABTECH NOTEBOOKpro driver is provided with template files for each of the boards in the family 1 6 What the PC214E Package Contains A Some CAUTION of the components on the board are susceptible to electrostatic discharge and proper handling precautions should be observed As a minimum an earthed wrist strap must be worn when handling the PC214E outside its protective bag Full static handling procedures are defined in British Standards Publication BSEN100015 BSEN100015 1 1992 When removed from the bag inspect the board for any obvious signs of damage and notify Amplicon if such damage is apparent Do not plug a damaged board into the host computer Keep the protective bag for possible future use in transporting the board The package as delivered from Amplicon Liveline Ltd contains Item 1 PC214E board is supplied in a protective bag When removing the board observe the precautions outlined in paragraph 1 6 Item 2 200 Series Digital O Counter Timer Software Diskette Part N 90 956 209 supplied on 3 1 2 diskette s Item 3 This PC214E Instruction Manual Part N 85 956 204 Any additional accessories termination boards cables optional software etc may be packed separately 1 7 The Amplicon Warranty Covering the PC214E This product is covered by the warranty as detailed in the Terms and Conditions stated in the current domestic or international Amplicon Livel
9. Microsoft C C User Information Using the Dynamic Link Library Visual Basic Windows and DOS Library Functions Initialisation Functions Interrupt Control Functions Data Buffer Functions Timer Counter Functions Differential Counter Functions Frequency Generation Functions Millisecond Stopwatch Functions Frequency Input and Output Functions Digitally and Voltage Controlled Oscillator Functions Digital Input Output Functions Switch Scanner Matrix Functions Bi Directional Data Bus Functions PC214E Library Error Codes PC214E Interface Guide For LABTECH NOTEBOOK Channel Assignments Configuring the Board Guide to User Programming Signal Centre PC214E AMPLICON 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 The Amplicon 200 Series The Amplicon 200 Series of Personal Computer based data acquisition products provides very high performance affordable hardware with comprehensive software support The 200 Series is designed for users requiring fast or complex data input output to the host PC and comprises a range of boards and software to handle most analog and digital signal types When a large scale system is required multiple boards can be added from the 200 Series without conflict The capacity of the PC mounted hardware can be extended by external expansion panels to provide a comprehensive system with low cost per channel and maintained high performance 1 2 The 200 Series Digital I O Counter Timer Family 1 2 1 The family of 200 Serie
10. timer counter to OUT N 1 and the clock jumper of the next timer counter down to 1 MHz For example if the specified timer counter is Z1 counter 1 place jumper J3 in position 7 Z1 OUTO and jumper J2 in position 2 1 MHz Frequency Multiplication An extension of the frequency measurement and frequency generation capabilities described in sections 4 2 6 and 4 2 7 above is to combine the two into a process that measures an external frequency on one timer counter multiplies the frequency value by a given factor and generates this new frequency on a second timer counter Function TCmultiplyFreq described in section 6 6 8 5 performs this operation See sections 4 2 6 and 4 2 7 above for connection details Digitally Controlled Oscillator The combination of the 82C55 PPI and 82C54 counter timer devices on the PC214E board make it possible to implement a digitally controlled oscillator whereby the value of a binary number read into a PPI input channel is used to calculate the frequency of a square wave generated on a timer counter output To turn this process into a continuous background task a second timer counter can be deployed to generate an update signal by generating a periodic interrupt The interrupt service routine then performs the DCO operation in the background Function TCsetDCO section 6 6 9 1 sets up such an arrangement allowing you to specify the digital input channel the output timer counter and the second timer counter
11. 4 2 1 Differential Counter 20 4 2 2 Monostable Multivibrator 20 4 2 3 Astable Multivibrator 20 4 2 4 Stopwatch 22 4 2 5 Event Recorder 22 4 2 6 Frequency Period Measurement 22 4 2 1 Frequency Generation 23 4 2 8 Frequency Multiplication 23 4 2 9 Digitally Controlled Oscillator 23 4 2 10 Voltage Controlled Oscillator 24 4 2 11 Switch Matrix 25 4 2 12 8 Bit Bi Directional Bus 26 PC214E AMPLICON p200 SERIES STRUCTURE AND ASSIGNMENTS OF THE REGISTERS Register Assignments Register Groups Cluster X Y and Z Groups Counter Connection Register Group Interrupts Group The Register Details Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port A Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port B Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port C Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Command Register Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port A Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port B Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port C Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Command Register Z1 Counter 0 Data Register Z1 Counter 1 Data Register Z1 Counter 2 Data Register Counter Timer Z1 Control Register Z1 Counter Timer Status Register PROGRAMMING THE PC214E cscccsceseseeeseeeseeeseesnensneessnensnees Copyright Files installed from the Distribution Diskette Windows DLL and Examples DOS C Library and Examples Borland C User Information
12. Distribution Panel TTL level termination and or distribution e EX213 24 Line Digital Output Panel 24 Isolated relay outputs 24 high level source drivers e EX230 24 Line Digital Input Panel 24 isolated high or low level inputs 24 common high or low level inputs e EX221 16 Line Input Eight Line Output Panel 16 isolated or common hi lo level inputs eight relay and driver outputs Page 16 PC214E AMPLICON 3 3 Use of Shielded Cables In order to maintain compliance with the EMC directive 89 336 EEC it is mandatory that the final system integrator uses good quality screened cables for external connections It is up to the final system integrator to ensure that compliance with the Directive is maintained Amplicon Liveline offers a series of good quality screened cables for this purpose Please contact our sales staff 3 4 Digital Input Output Conditions Specifications of the digital input output lines on PPI X and PPI Y Ports A B and C are Inputs Low input voltage 0 5 V to 0 8 V High input voltage 2 2 V to 5 3 V When an input line is left open circuit the state is indeterminate Ensure that signals to any inputs are within the above limits and that any unused input lines are grounded or masked out in software The output currents shown below must not be exceeded Outputs Low output voltage 0 4v max at 2 5mA High output voltage 3 5v min at 400uA 3 5 Counter Timer Input Output Condition
13. Integer Event recorder handle as issue by function TCsetEventRecorder Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch allocateLongBuff TCsetEventRecorder See Also disablelnterrupts TCfreeStopwatch copyFromLongBuf freeLongBuf Convert Milliseconds into Time String TCgetTimeStr Converts a 32 bit word representing an elapsed time in milliseconds to a time string in the format DD HH MM SS TTT Such 32 bit elapsed times are produced by the stopwatch functions i TCgetTimeStr ms strPtr where ms Long Elapsed time in milliseconds strPtr Pointer to string Pointer to target string for result Returns Integer OK or ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch TCgetElapsedTime PC214E Page 79 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 7 7 Free up Stopwatch Counter Timers TCfreeStopwatch Frees the timer counters used by a stopwatch as previously setup by TCsetStopwatch Call this function when the stopwatch is no longer required i TCfreeStopwatch h hS where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function hs Integer Stopwatch handle as issued by function TCsetStopwatch Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch See Also a a Page 80 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 8 Frequency Input and Output Functions 6 6 8 1 Measure Period of an External Signal TCgetExtPeriod Returns the period o
14. O SK1 I O Data Bits Pin Connections PAQ SK13 PA1 SK161 PA2 SK1 22 PA3 SK1 41 PA4 SK1 2 PA5 SK1 60 PA6 SK1 21 PA SK1 40 PC214E Page 29 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 5 3 2 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port B This eight bit register writes to and reads from port B of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X All input output lines PBO to PB7 of this device are available to the user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral EH EEES Interface X Port B Data Register PERAE FUNCTION The PPI X Port B Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to a port of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port B are data input or data output in all modes The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI X port B data register is shown below ical aS a PPI X Port B Digital Digital I O SK1 I O Data Bits Pin Connections PBO _ __ SK 1 46 PBi ____ CO CM SF 7 PB2 SK165 PB3 SK1 26 PB4 SK1 45 PB5 SK1 6 PB6 SK
15. Port COM3 2F8 2FF Serial Port COM2 3F0 3F7 Floppy Disc 300 31F Prototype Card 3F8 3FF Serial Port COM1 2 6 3 Selection of Interrupt Request IRQ Level Selection of the required Interrupt Request Level is by means of a jumper in a single position on header J1 Eight levels are available but only one of these may be selected and a level should be chosen that does not conflict with any other assignments within the host computer The factory default setting is IRQ level 5 The following table shows the available levels on the PC214E and normal usage of all hardware interrupts The one of eight position jumper is illustrated in Figure 4 Page 10 PC214E AMPLICON 200 SERIES PC214E Jumper 1 IRQ Name 0 IRQ2 IRQ3 IRQ4 IRQ5 IRQ6 IRQ7 IRQ8 IRQ9 IRQ10 IRQ11 IRQ12 IRQ13 IRQ14 IRQ15 o rn alo h ok m Nao ol Interrupt Usage Number Description 8 Timer Not available on the 9 Keyboard Bus Connectors A Int8 15 B COM or SDLC C COM or SDLC D LPT E Floppy Disk F LPT 70 Real Time Clock 71 Re directed to IRQ2 72 Unassigned 73 Unassigned 74 Unassigned 75 Co processor 76 Hard Disk 77 Unassigned J1 IRQ SBS SBBeaBBs B ES EE E E E E Bs 3 5 7 9 10 11 12 15 Figure 4 Jumper for IRQ Level Selection 2 6 4 Interrupt Source Selection The PC214E board has five possible sources for the board s hardware interrupt four digital I O sources and one counter timer out
16. Register PC214E Page 39 AMPLICON p200 SERIES FUNCTION The Z1 Counter 0 Data Register is used to write and read 8 bit data to the 82C54 Z1 counter timer 0 The counter is normally configured for 16 bit operation and to ensure validity of the data it is important to always write read two bytes to the register least significant byte first Please note that the 16 bit count values written to this register are not latched into the counting element until the next clock pulse assuming the gate input is high Subsequent read operations from this register will therefore not reflect the new count value until this clock pulse has latched the data The counter can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C54 data sheets in the appendices The input to counter 0 can be any of the five internal master clock frequencies 10MHz 1MHz 100kHz 10kHz or 1kHz an external clock the Z1 External Clock signal or the output of Z1 counter 2 This source selection is made by jumper J2 which is described in Section 2 6 5 The output of counter 0 is available on the user socket SK1 pin 15 and also as a possible clock source for counter 1 The inverted output of Z1 counter 0 is also available on SK1 pin 54 Counter gate 0 is permanently enabled by means of a pull up resistor to VCC but can be controlled externally by connecting a signal to SK1 pin 73 Further information on
17. The closing of a switch often controlled by an electromagnetic or solid state relay Conversion Time The time required in an analog digital input output system from the instant that a channel is interrogated such as with a read instruction to the moment that accurate an accurate representation of the data is available This could include switching time settling time acquisition time converter processing time etc Counter In software a memory location used by a program for the purpose of counting certain occurrences In hardware a circuit that can count pulses Counter Timer Device Converts time dependent digital signals to a form that can be further processed by the host PC Typical functions include pulse counting frequency and pulse width measurement This can relate to time number of events speed etc Crosstalk A phenomenon in which a signal in one or more channels interferes with a signal or signals in other channels Current Loop a Data communications method using presence or absence of current to signal logic ones and zeros b A method of analog signal transmission where the measured value is represented by a current The common current loop signal is in the range 4 to 20 mA but other standards include 1 to 5 mA or 10 to 50 mA DAC D A Digital to Analog Converter q v Data Acquisition or Data Collection Gathering information from sources such as sensors and transducers in an accurate timely and organised manner
18. Types PC224 34 No No Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes PC226 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No No PC230 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes PC237 No No No Yes No No No No No PC263 No No No DO No No No No No PC214E No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes PC215E No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes PC212E No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes PC218E No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes PC272E No No No Yes No No No No No Figure 13 LABTECH NOTEBOOK Driver Functions where AD Analog Input DA Analog Output DI Digital Input DO Digital Output TEMP Temperature Measurement STRN Strain Measurement CNT Counter Input FREQ Frequency Measurement PLSE Frequency Output The PC214E provides the following I O types supported by LABTECH NOTEBOOK e 8 bit Digital Input Output channels e 1 Frequency Output channel e 1 Counter Input channel e 1 Frequency Measurement channel __ eee SS Sas Page 100 PC214E AMPLICON 6 8 1 Channel Assignments Digital Input Output channels Channel O PPIX Port A Channel 1 PPIX Port B Channel 2 PPIX Port C Channel 3 PPIY Port A Channel 4 PPIY Port B Channel5 PPIY Port C Frequency Output channel Channel O0 Z1 Counter 2 Counter Input channel Channel O0 Z1 Counter 0 Frequency Measurement channel Channel O Z1 Counter 0 6 8 2 Configuring the Board The following connections are required to set the board up for the supported LABTECH NOTEBOOK channel types Frequency Output channels Frequency output available on
19. bOut where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 isPBip Integer Non zero if Port B is to be set as input zero if output isPCLip Integer Non zero if Port C lower are to be set as input zero if output bin Integer Handle to a buffer previously allocated as 2 bytes per item by the allocateBuf function This buffer will be used to store incoming digital input data from the bus bOut Integer Handle to a buffer previously allocated as 2 bytes per item by the allocateBuf function This buffer should contain digital output data to be send out onto the bus upon request Returns Integer Positive handle to the bi directional bus Use this handle in the call to DlOfreeBiDirectionalBus when finished to free the DIO resources or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRBUFFER Prior Calls registerBoard See Also enablelnterrupts DlOfreeBiDirectionalBus ee a Page 98 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 12 2 Free up Bi Directional Data Bus Digital I O Chip DlOfreeBiDirectionalBus Frees up the DIO chip used by the given Bi Directional bus handle DIOfreeBiDirectionalBus h hI where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Al Integer Bi directional bus handle as issued by function DlOsetBiDirectionalBus Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBo
20. chapter describes the various operations associated with implementing the user s application Programming and usage operations are discussed and include references to the various register operations and software library functions required for each operation Details of the registers and software are given in chapters 5 and 6 respectively Reference should also be made to chapter 2 Getting Started and chapter 3 Making the Connections before implementing any of the described operations 4 1 Multiple PC214E Boards in a Single Application More than one PC214E board may be installed in a single host PC Furthermore up to eight of any combination of boards in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E range may be installed in a single host PC To install more than one board in the host PC the following points should be checked 1 Sufficient space is available to mount the required number of boards 2 Sufficient power is available for all the plug in boards and adapters Each PC214E requires 5V at up to 100 mA 3 The base address of each board is set by switch SW1 to a different value preferably at contiguous even addresses and with no conflict with other installed devices Suitable base addresses for four boards could be 30016 32016 34016 and 36016 4 The interrupt level IRQ of each board is set by jumper J1 to a different value and with no conflict with other installed devices 4 2 User Applications The PC214E
21. found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C54 data sheets in the appendices The input to counter 1 can be any of the five internal master clock frequencies 10MHz 1MHz 100kHz 10kHz or 1kHz an external clock the Z1 External Clock signal or the output of Z1 counter 0 This source selection is made by jumper J3 which is described in Section 2 6 5 The output of counter 1 is available on the user socket SK1 pin 55 and also as a possible clock source for counter 2 Counter gate 1 is permanently enabled by means of a pull up resistor to VCC but can be controlled externally by connecting a signal to SK1 pin 16 Further information on programming the 82C54 Programmable Counter Timer is given in chapters 4 and 6 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the Z1 counter 1 data register is shown below 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Z1 16 BIT COUNTER 1 DATA BIT First Byte Second Byte Least Significant Most Significant 0 8 Noo BOD o PC214E Page 41 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 5 3 11 Z1 Counter 2 Data Register The 82C54 Programmable Timer Counter Z1 provides three 16 bit counter timers which can be independently programmed to operate in any one of six modes with BCD or Binary count functions The register definition for Z1 Counter 2 Data is as follows Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title Write and Read 8 bits 82054 Z1 Counter Timer Z1 CT2 Counter 2 Data Register FUNCTION The Z1 C
22. of rules used for forming statements in a particular programming language Thermocouple A thermocouple is two dissimilar electrical conductors known as thermo elements so joined as to produce a thermal emf when the measuring and reference junctions are at different temperatures Thermocouple Measuring Junction The junction of a thermocouple which is subjected to the temperature being measured Thermocouple Reference Junction The junction of a thermocouple which is at a known temperature aka Cold Junction Throughput Rate The maximum repetitive rate at which a data conversion system can operate with a specified accuracy It is determined by summing the various times required for each part of the system and then taking the reciprocal of this time Transducer Device that converts length position temperature pressure level or other physical variable to an equivalent voltage or current accurately representing the original measurement Trigger Pulse or signal used to start or stop a particular action Frequently used to control data acquisition processes Unipolar A signal being measured is said to be unipolar when the voltage on its high terminal is always the same polarity normally positive in relation to its low terminal Word The standard number of bits that can be manipulated at once Microprocessors typically have word lengths of 8 16 or 32 bits Wrap Wraparound Connection of a FIFO buffer such that the contents once loade
23. output is set high it remains high until the clock pulse succeeding the next gate trigger Function TCsetMonoshot allows you to specify a timer counter and a monostable pulse duration in seconds See section 6 6 6 1 Send Monostable Pulse TCsetMonoShot The function calculates the initial count value required to generate the specified pulse length and programs the timer counter accordingly Normally the counter timer s internal clock source is selected automatically by the function but in the case of the PC214E the user must ensure the relevant jumper J2 J3 or J4 is selected correctly for one of the following ranges of possible pulse duration times Output pulse duration range Input clock frequency Min Max 200 ns 6 5 ms 10 MHz 0 2 us 65 ms 1 MHz 2 0 us 650 ms 100 kHz 20 us 6 5s 10 kHz 0 2 ms 65s 1 kHz It is the responsibility of the user to provide the external gate signal to trigger the monostable output Astable Multivibrator An extension of the monostable multivibrator is to have two such timer counters each generating an output pulse of specified duration but each being triggered by the end of the other timer counter s pulse By adjusting the two pulse duration times an astable multivibrator waveform with a given frequency and mark to space ratio can be attained Page 20 PC214E AMPLICON This application is implemented in function TCsetAstable see section 6 6 6 2 The msratio argument to the function specif
24. port B these bits can be set or reset using the Bit Set Reset operation just as if they were data output ports BIT ASSIGNMENTS Bit layouts of the PPI Y command word register is shown below Further information on programming the 82C55 PPI is given in chapters 4 and 6 A full description of the operating modes and all other features of the 82C55 are available in the 82C55 device manufacturer s data sheet in the appendices Page 38 PC214E AMPLICON Command Word for Mode Definition Format GROUP B Port C Lower 0 Output 1 Input Port B 0 Output 1 Input Mode Selection 0 Mode 0 1 Mode 1 GROUP A Port C Upper 0 Output 1 Input Port A 0 Output 1 Input Mode Selection 00 Mode 0 01 Mode 1 1X Mode 2 COMMAND SELECT Set Flag 1 Active Command Word for Bit Set Reset Format Bit Set Reset 0 Reset Don t Care COMMAND SELECT Bit Set Reset Flag 0 Active Port C Bit Select roofs h olo 4 Bs jojo fofo fa fa 1 1 Be 5 3 9 Z1 Counter 0 Data Register The 82C54 Programmable Timer Counter Z1 provides three 16 bit counter timers which can be independently programmed to operate in any one of six modes with BCD or Binary count functions The register definition for Z1 Counter 0 Data is as follows Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title Write and Read 8 bits 82C54 Counter Timer Z1 Z1 CTO Counter 0 Data
25. provide software programmable clock and gate connections for the on board counter timer groups The PC214E allows selection of the timer counter clock source by means of jumpers and does not provide gate source selection Interrupts Group The Interrupt group is supported by all boards in the range other than the PC214E These registers provide programmable interrupt source selection and interrupt source status information The PC214E allows selection of the interrupt source by means of a jumper and does not provide an interrupt source status register The consistency of register definitions across the range does mean that some boards like the PC214E have unused address spaces It is advised that such addresses are treated as reserved and not used for other purposes A summary of PC214E register definitions is given in Figure 12 PC214E Register Assignments PC214E Page 27 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S PPI X Port A Write Read PPI X Port B Write Read PPI X Port C Write Read PPI X Control Write Read Cluster X PPI Y Port A Write Read PPI Y Port B Write Read PPI Y Port C Write Read PPI Y Control Write Read Cluster Y BA 10 Ctr Z1 0 Write Read 8 BA 11 Ctr Z1 1 Write Read 8 BA 12 Ctr Z1 2 Write Read 8 BA 13 Ctr Z1 Control Write Read 8 Cluster BA 14 Z BA 15 BA 16 BA 17 BA 18 BA 19 Counter BA 1A Connections BA 1B Registers BA 1C BA 1D BA 1E Interrupts BA 1F Figure 12 PC214E Regist
26. timer counter chip 2 One of the following pre defined constants may be used Page 70 PC214E AMPLICON NN lt lt lt x X N Tn N Don ARS chan2 Integer Timer counter 2 channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 clk2 Integer Timer 2 clock source Use one of the following pre defined constants CLK_CLK 0 CLK chan 1 external i p CLK_10MHZ 1 10 MHz CLK_1MHZ 2 1 MHz CLK_100KHZ 3 100 kHz CLK_10KHZ 4 10 kHz CLK_1KHZ 5 1 kHz CLK_OUTN_1 6 OUT chan 1 1 CLK_EXT 7 EXTCLK chip external i p gat2 Integer Timer 2 gate source Use one of the following pre defined constants GAT_VCC 0 Enabled GAT_GND 1 Disabled GAT_EXT 2 GAT chan external i p GAT_OUTN_2 3 OUT chan 2 Returns Integer Differential counter handle positive integer Use this handle as the hD parameter in calls to TCgetDiffCount TCgetRatio and TCfreeDiffCounters when referring to this particular differential counter pair or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetGate TCfreeDiffCounters PC214E Page 71 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 5 2 6 6 5 3 Read Differential Count TCgetDiffCount Returns the difference between the count values of the two counters specified in the TCsetDiffCounters function i TCgetDiffCount h hD diff where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function hD Integer Differential counter handle
27. to a variable declared as a long integer into which the count value result will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetClock TCsetGate TCsetMode TCsetCount See Also TCgetUpCount aR a Page 68 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 4 9 Read Timer s current Up Count TCgetUpCount Latches and reads a timer counter value in the same way as TCgetCount but returns the actual number of clock pulses received rather than the count value Note that the 82C54 timers count down to zero from the initial count value so this function returns initial count current count Only counter modes 2 or 3 should be used with this function i TCgetUpCount h chip chan count where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 count Pointer to Long Pointer to a variable declared as a long integer into which the up count value will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetGate TCsetClock TCsetMode TCsetCount See Also TCgetCount i PC214E Page 69 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 5 Differential Counter Functions 6 6 5 1 Setup Differential Counter Pair TCsetDiffCounters Sets
28. used to generate the update interrupts The function also allows for a flexible update rate and output frequency range The digital input channel width i e the number of bits in the digital input word can be selected to either 1 4 8 12 16 or 24 bits by calling function DIOsetChanWidth see section 6 6 10 3 for more details The PPI Port s used by the digital input channel must be PC214E Page 23 AMPLICON p200 SERIES programmed as input by calling function D OsetMode for each port see section 6 6 10 2 Configure a Digital I O Port for Input or Output DIOsetMode The enablelnterrupts and disable nterrupts functions must then be called to enable and disable the update interrupts and when finished function TCfreeDCO frees up the resources used so they can be used again by another program When using the DCO function with the PC214E please ensure the following connections are made 4 The digital input bit s must be connected to the digital input channel specified 2 The output timer counter clock source must be 1 MHz 3 The update timer counter MUST BE Z1 Counter 1 on the PC214E The clock source must be 1 MHz i e jumper J3 in position 2 and the frequency specified must be within the range 15 Hz to 500 kHz 4 The interrupt source must be Z1 Timer Counter OUT1 i e jumper 5 in position 5 4 2 10 Voltage Controlled Oscillator In combination with one of Amplicon s data acquisition boards providing
29. voltage added to a signal b The location of a register above the base address Pascal A high level programming language originally developed as a tool for teaching the concepts of structured programming It has evolved into a powerful general purpose language popular for writing scientific and business programs Borland Turbo Pascal is a dialect of Pascal Passive Filter A filter circuit using only resistors capacitors and inductors PC Personal Computer Also printed circuit see PCB PCB Printed Circuit Board Port An interface on a computer capable of communication with another device Range Refers to the maximum allowable full scale input or output signal for a specified performance Real Time Data acted upon immediately instead of being accumulated and processed at a later time Reed Relay An electro mechanical relay where the contacts are enclosed in a hermetically sealed glass tube which is filled with an inert gas Repeatability The ability of a measuring system to give the same output or reading under repeated identical conditions Resolution A binary converter is said to have a resolution of n bits when it is able to relate 2 distinct analog values to the set of n bit binary words Rollover Symmetry of the positive and negative values in a bipolar conversion system RTD Resistive Temperature Device An electrical circuit element characterised by a defined coefficient of resistivity Sample Hold A circuit which a
30. 1 64 PB7 SK1 25 Se s Page 30 PC214E AMPLICON 5 3 3 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port C This eight bit register writes to and reads from port C of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X All input output lines PCO to PC7 of this device are available to the user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral z EZ meaner Interface X Port C Data Register PRIS FUNCTION The PPI X Port C Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to a port of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port C are split into two groups the upper port C bits 4 to 7 and the lower port C bits O to 3 These bits can be data input data output or control nandshake lines according to the PPI mode Mode Port C Upper Port C Lower Mode 0 Input or Output Input or Output Mode 1 Control Data Control Data Mode 2 5 bit Control PC3 to PC7 3 bit Control Data PCO to PC2 With bit 7 Command Select set to 0 any of the eight bits of port C can be set or reset using a single output instruction When port C is being used as status control for port A or port B these bits can be set or reset using the B
31. 2 7 for more details on the Frequency Generation application i TCgenerateAccFreq h chip chan freq where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Integer Address offset of timer counter chip 2 One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 Another timer counter chan 1 will be used by this function This timer counter may be on the previous chip freq Float Desired frequency in Hertz Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCgenerateFreq ee s Page 84 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 8 5 Multiply an External Frequency TCmultiplyFreq Measures an external signals frequency then generates another signal whose frequency is the external frequency multiplied by a specified number N B this function is not on going and must be called at a regular interval to keep the generated frequency tracking the external signal Note that the output signal will be a square wave See section 4 2 8 for more details on the Frequency Multiplication application i TCmultiplyFreq h ipChip ipChan opChip opChan factor where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard ipChip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip on which the input frequency will be measured ipChan Integer Input ti
32. 7 and Figure 8 show the other configuration options for the three counter timers Please note if you wish to use the dedicated clock input to any given counter timer the corresponding clock source jumper must be removed before connecting the external signal to the PC214E Similarly if you select one of the five internal sources or the Ext Clock Z1 input as the clock source to a counter timer you must ensure that no external signal is connected to the counter timer s CLOCK I O pin on SK1 In this case the internal signal selected will be available as an output signal on the CLOCK I O pin Page 12 PC214E AMPLICON Jumper Position ADARWND Not Fitted Jumper Position NADARWND Not Fitted Clock Source Internal 10 MHz clock Internal 1 MHz clock Internal 100 KHz clock Internal 10 kHz clock Internal 1 kHz clock Ext Clock i p Z1 SK1 53 Z1 OUT 2 Z1 CLK 0 i p SK1 34 Figure 6 Jumper for Z1 Counter 0 Clock Selection Clock Source Internal 10 MHz clock Internal 1 MHz clock Internal 100 KHz clock Internal 10 kHz clock Internal 1 kHz clock Ext Clock i p Z1 SK1 53 Z1 OUT 0 Z1 CLK 1 i p SK1 74 Figure 7 Jumper for Z1 Counter 1 Clock Selection PC214E Page 13 AMPLICON p200 SERIES Jumper Position 1 2 3 Not Fitted J4 e 8 8B e 8 e O Z1 Counter 2 Clock Source Internal 1 MHz clock Internal 1 kHz clock
33. A13 lt gt SA18 N D OR lt gt B14 A14 lt gt SA17 E E DACK3 lt gt B15 A15 lt gt SA16 N R DRQ3 lt gt B16 A16 lt gt SA15 T DACK1 lt gt B17 A17 lt gt SA14 S DRQ1 lt gt B18 A18 lt gt SA13 S DACKO lt gt B19 A19 lt gt SA12 D CLK lt gt B20 A20 lt gt SA11 D E IRQ7 lt gt B21 A21 lt gt SA10 E IRQ6 lt gt B22 A22 lt gt SA9 IRQ5 lt gt B23 A23 lt gt SA8 IRQ4 lt gt B24 A24 lt gt SA7 IRQ3 lt gt B25 A25 lt gt SA6 DACK2 lt gt B26 A26 lt gt SA5 T C lt B27 A27 lt gt SA4 BALE lt B28 A28 lt gt SA3 5 Volts lt B29 A29 lt gt SA2 OSC lt B30 A30 lt gt SAI Ground lt B31 A31 lt gt SAO 36 Pin Connector MEMCS16 gt D1 C1 gt SBHE I OCS16 gt D2 C2 lt gt LA23 IRQ10 gt D3 C2 lt gt LA22 IRQ11 gt D4 C4 lt gt LA21 IRQ12 gt D5 C5 lt gt LA20 IRQ15 gt D6 C6 lt gt LA19 IRQ14 gt D7 C7 lt gt LA18 DACO lt D8 c8 lt gt LA17 DRQO gt D9 c9 gt MEMR DACK5 lt D10 C10 gt MEMW DRQ5 gt D11 C11 lt gt SD08 DACK6 lt D12 C12 lt gt SDO09 DRQ6 gt D13 C13 lt gt SD10 DACK7 lt D14 C14 lt gt SD11 DRQ7 gt D15 C15 lt gt SD12 5 VoltS lt D16 C16 lt gt D13 MASTER gt D17 C17 lt gt SD14 Ground lt D18 C18 lt gt SD15 Figure 10 PC Backplane ISA Bus Connections Page 18 PC214E AMPLICON 4 USING THE PC214E This
34. AMPLICON PC214E PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL INPUT OUTPUT AND COUNTER TIMER BOARD This Instruction Manual is supplied with the PC214E to provide the user with sufficient information to utilise the purchased product in a proper and efficient manner The information contained has been reviewed and is believed to be accurate and reliable however Amplicon Liveline Limited accepts no responsibility for any problems caused by errors or omissions Specifications and instructions are subject to change without notice PC214E Instruction Manual Part N 85 956 204 Issue B3 Amplicon Liveline Limited Prepared by Jonathan East Approved for issue by A S Gorbold Operations Director PC214E AMPLICON LL DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY AMPLICON LIVELINE LIMITED CENTENARY INDUSTRIAL ESTATE HOLLINGDEAN ROAD BRIGHTON BN24AW UK We declare that the product s described in this Instruction Manual perform in conformity with the following standards or standardisation documents oe Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC mml EMC Directive 89 336 EEC LVD Directive 73 23 EEC CE Directive 93 68 EEC Jim Hicks I Eng FIEIE Managing Director Amplicon Liveline Limited iT PC214E AMPLICON PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL I O AND COUNTER TIMER BOARD TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION es ecasc feteck ccectece coed nace tt ceteet cous nada ete decbcceetecenteetecccgvetenenteeteceet aa EE Na 1 1 1 The Amplicon 200 Series 1 1 2
35. Counter 2 OUT J4 must be in position 1 1 MHz Counter Input channels Connect the input signal to Counter 0 CLOCK J2 must be removed J3 must be in position 7 OUTO Frequency Measurement channels Connect the input signal to Counter 0 CLOCK J2 must be removed J3 must be in position 7 OUTO PC214E Page 101 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 9 Guide to User Programming When developing an application specific program it is advised that the supplied dynamic link library functions are used for Windows applications and extracts are taken from the DOS examples However if there are good reasons for writing low level code then a study of the source code supplied will be of assistance For programming at register level reference should to be made to section 5 describing the function and assignments of each I O register in the PC214E 6 10 Signal Centre Signal Centre is a Signal Processing Applications Program available from Amplicon with support for the PC214E Operates under Microsoft Windows Page 102 PC214E AMPLICON APPENDICES APPENDIX A GLOSSARY OF TERMS The following glossary explains some terms used in this manual and in data acquisition and control applications Active Filter An electronic filter that combines active circuit devices with passive circuit elements such as resistors and capacitors Active filters typically have characteristics that closely match ideal filters ADC A D Analog to Digital converte
36. DATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCfreeResource PC214E Page 61 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 4 2 Free up Timer Counter TCfreeResource Frees a timer counter channel previously reserved for use by one of the following functions TCsetMonoShot TCgenerateFreq TCmultiplyFreq TCdivideFreq N B TCmultiplyFreq and TCdivideFreq use 2 timer counters so TCfreeResource should be called twice when you ve finished this these two functions i TCfreeResource h chip chan where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard See Also aR _ Page 62 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 4 3 Connect Timer Counter Clock Source TCsetClock Configures a timer counter clock input source This function is not supported by the PC214E board clock sources on this board are selected by jumpers J2 J3 and J4 See section 2 6 5 for more details of the clock sources i TCsetClock h chip chan clk where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16
37. PLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 2 Interrupt Control Functions 6 6 2 1 6 6 2 2 Enable a Board s Interrupt Source s setIntMask Enables or disables one or more of a board s interrupt sources by writing a mask byte to the board s Interrupt Mask register For the PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E boards any number of the interrupt sources can be enabled a single interrupt is generated but the interrupt service routine interrogates each source in turn and if asserted services that interrupt For the PC214E this function is not supported and returns an error if called i setIntMask h mask where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function mask Integer Mask byte The bit designations for the board s Interrupt Mask Register will vary from board to board Refer to section 2 6 4 for a description of the interrupt sources and their functionality Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRSUPPORT Prior Calls registerBoard See Also enablelnterrupts disablelInterrupts Read a Board s Interrupt Source Status getIntStat Returns a board s interrupt source status byte by reading from the board s Interrupt Status register The status of each bit is returned irrespective of whether it has been enabled using the setIntMask function See section 2 6 4 for a description of the interrupt sources This function is not supported by the PC214E as this board does not have an Interrupt Status register
38. Pointer pointer to the beginning of the integer memory block to which data is to be copied Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls allocatelntegerBuf See Also freelntegerBuf 6 6 3 12 Copy a Block of Long Integer Data from a Long Buffer copyFromLongBuf Copies a segment of a Long Integer data buffer to a block of memory i copyFromLongBuf b start nIems p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocatBuf function start Long index of the starting item in the buffer nitems Long number of items to copy p Pointer pointer to the beginning of the long integer memory block to which data is to be copied Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls allocateLongBuf See Also freeLongBuf PC214E Page 59 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 3 13 Query Number of Interrupt Operations to date on a Buffer getIntltem This function can be called for any data buffer currently being used for Event Recorder or Bi Directional Bus data In these two cases data is read from or written to the buffer when the relevant interrupt occurs This function returns the index within the specified buffer of the data item to be read or written to on the next relevant interrupt giving an indication of how much of the buffer contains valid data i getIntItem hB item where hB Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateBuf functions item Pointer to Long pointer
39. RHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetDiffCounters See Also TCgetDiffCount TCgetRatio ee PC214E Page 73 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 6 Frequency Generation Functions 6 6 6 1 Send Monostable Pulse TCsetMonoShot Creates a single pulse of specified duration on the output of a timer counter using the timer s Hardware Retriggerable One Shot mode In this mode the timer output will go low for the duration specified on the clock pulse following a gate trigger Subsequent gate triggers will retrigger the pulse See section 4 2 2 for more details on the Monostable application i TCsetMonoShot h chip chan duration where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 duration Float Pulse duration time in seconds Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetGate Page 74 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 6 2 Generate Astable Multivibrator Waveform TCsetAstable Generates a clock signal of specified frequency and mark to space ratio This is implemented on two counters both in mode 1 digital one shot One counter counts the mark time and the other counts the space time The outputs of each counter timer control the g
40. STRUCTURE AND ASSIGNMENTS OF THE REGISTERS The set of demonstration programs and routines provided with the PC214E allows the user access to all the operational functions of the board However in some circumstances the user may wish to program the application at the lowest level using input output instructions This section provides the necessary information on the accessible registers 5 1 Register Assignments 5 2 5 2 1 5 2 2 5 2 3 The PC214E registers occupy 32 consecutive address locations in the I O space A table summarising the register assignments is shown in Figure 12 Please note that the actual register address is the base address configured on the board plus the register offset given in the table See section 2 6 1 for information on setting the base address Register Groups All five boards in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E series have the same register map which is split up into five groups Cluster X Y and Z Groups Each of the Cluster X Y and Z groups is populated with either an 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI device to provide digital input output or two 82C54 Counter Timer devices and each of the boards in the range deploy various combinations of these devices The PC214E board has only one counter timer device in its cluster Z group Counter Connection Register Group The Counter Connection Register group is supported by the PC215E PC212E and PC218E boards and these registers
41. The 200 Series Digital I O Counter Timer Family 1 1 2 1 Typical Applications 1 1 2 2 Product List 2 1 3 Product Configurator 2 1 4 Features of the PC214E 4 1 5 PC214E General Description 4 1 5 1 The Software 4 1 6 What the PC214E Package Contains 6 1 7 The Amplicon Warranty Covering the PC214E 6 1 8 Contacting Amplicon Liveline Limited for Support or Service 7 1 8 1 Technical Support 7 1 8 2 Repairs 7 2 GETTING STARTED ostiii coli tock ldind Shanti hie eed TETE 8 2 1 General Information 8 2 2 Installing the Board 8 2 3 System Requirements 8 2 4 Backing up the Software Diskettes 8 2 5 Software Installation 9 2 6 Configuration Switch and Jumper Settings 9 2 6 1 Base Address Selection 9 2 6 2 PC I O Map 10 2 6 3 Selection of Interrupt Request IRQ Level 10 2 6 4 Interrupt Source Selection 11 2 6 5 Counter Timer Clock Source Selection 12 2 6 6 Counter Timer Gate Source Selection 14 2 7 Test Points 14 3 MAKING THE CONNECTIONS cccccccssseesseesesseenseeeessesessaesnseeeesseeessaeseneanenseaeesaes 15 3 1 The Input Output Connector 15 3 2 Cable Connections 16 3 2 1 Features Summary of the Expansion Panels 16 3 3 Use of Shielded Cables 17 3 4 Digital Input Output Conditions 17 3 5 Counter Timer Input Output Conditions 17 3 6 PC Back plane Bus Connections 17 4 USING THE PCQ1AE Siotccscccecsecetesscorvacd sccecesseverectvacetessteteteds Waste eee eee he 19 4 1 Multiple PC214E Boards in a Single Application 19 4 2 User Applications 19
42. Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 clk Integer Clock source Use one of the following pre defines constants representing the valid clock sources CLK_CLK 0 external CLK chan i p CLK_10MHZ 1 internal 10 MHz CLK_1MHZ 2 internal 1 MHz CLK_100KHZ 3 internal 100 kHz CLK_10KHZ 4 internal 10 kHz CLK_1KHZ 5 internal 1 kHz CLK_OUTN_1 6 OUT chan 1 CLK_EXT 7 external EXTCLK chip i p Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetGate PC214E Page 63 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 4 4 Connect Timer Counter Gate Source TCsetGate Configures a timer counter gate input source This function is not supported by the PC214E gate connections on this board can only be made via the user connector SK1 See section 3 1 for details of the gate connections on SK1 i TCsetGate h chip chan gat where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 gat Integer Gate source Use one of the following pre defined constants GAT_VCC 0 Enabled GAT_GND 1 Disabled GAT_EXT 2 GAT chan external i p GAT_OUTN_2 3 OUT chan 2 Returns Integer OK or ERRSUPPORT
43. a device Load Voltage Sensing A technique for maintaining accuracy of an analog signal at the load by monitoring the voltage and compensating for errors due to cable and source resistance Micro Channel Architecture MCA A unique architecture defined by IBM to provide a standard input output bus for Personal System computers Monotonic A DAC is said to be monotonic if the output increases as the digital input increases with the result that the output is always a single valued function of the input Most Significant Bit MSB In a system in which a numerical magnitude is represented by a series of digits the most significant bit binary digit is the digit that carries the greatest value or weight Multiplexer A multiple way analog switch q v where a single path through the switch is selected by the value of a digital control word Multiplying DAC A Multiplying DAC or Digital Analog Multiplier operates with varying or AC reference signals The output of a Multiplying DAC is proportional to the product of the analog reference signal and the fractional equivalent of the digital input number Noise An undesirable electrical interference to a signal Normal Mode Signal Aka Series mode signal In a differential analog measuring system the normal mode signal is the required signal and is the difference between the voltages on the two input signal lines with respect to ground level of the measuring system Offset a A fixed known
44. al signal must be connected to the clock input of this channel Another timer channel chan 2 will also be used to provide the gate signal This may be on the previous chip opChip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip on which to generate the output frequency One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 opChan Integer Output timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 divisor Float Division Factor Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCmultiplyFreq TCfreeResource a Page 86 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 9 Digitally and Voltage Controlled Oscillator Functions 6 6 9 1 Prepare a Digitally Controlled Oscillator TCsetDCO Implements a digitally controlled oscillator DCO which periodically reads a data value from a digital input channel and generates an external frequency based on the value The digital input channel can be 1 4 8 12 16 or 24 bits wide as specified by a previous call to function DlOsetChanWidth The digital channel must have already been setup as an input with a call to function DlIOsetMode See section 4 2 9 for more details on the Digitally Controlled Oscillator application i TCsetDCO h diChip diChan opChip opChan udFreq udChip MinF MaxF where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard diChip Integer Address offset of the digital input chi
45. an analog voltage input channel a Voltage Controlled Oscillator can be implemented The operation would be identical to the DCO described above except that rather than reading a digital input channel an analog input channel voltage can be measured to provide the frequency control Function TCsetVCO section 6 6 9 2 implements such an arrangement using the PC214E combined with one of the following data acquisition boards also available from Amplicon PC226E order code 909 561 63 PC30AT order code 908 931 53 PC26AT order code 908 931 73 PC27E order code 909 561 13 Sere Twa The output and update timer counters should be configured in the same way as described for the DCO above and the data acquisition board must be configured with the following jumper selections to give a 10V unipolar analog input range 1 PC226E not applicable analog input range is software programmable 2 PC30AT J8 UNI J7 1 J3 C J10 D11 3 PC26AT J7 UNI J1 1 J2 C J8 D11 4 PC27E J1 UP 4V unipolar Care must also be taken to ensure that the base address and interrupt levels of the PC214E and data acquisition card do not clash SST Page 24 PC214E AMPLICON 4 2 11 Switch Matrix The high number of digital I O channels available on the PC214E board lends itself to a switch matrix scanner implementation The status of a matrix of switches can be obtained by sending test patterns into the matrix and then reading status patte
46. ard DIOsetBiDirectionalBus disablelnterrupts See Also 6 7 PC214E Library Error Codes Returned Value 0 Operation successful ERRSUPPORT 1 Operation not supported by board or the maximum boards buffers are already registered ERRBASE Base address is invalid or in use ERRIRQ Interrupt level is invalid or in use ERRHANDLE Invalid board handle or board not registered ERRCHAN Invalid channel number ERRDATA 6 Invalid data ERRRANGE Out of range ERRMEMORY 8 Insufficient Memory ERRBUFFER 9 Invalid buffer handle not allocated ERRPC226 PC226 board not found for VCO function i PC214E Page 99 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 8 PC214E Interface Guide For LABTECH NOTEBOOK The LABTECH NOTEBOOK drivers supplied by Amplicon on the PC214E distribution diskette are specifically designed to interface the PC214E hardware to the LABTECH NOTEBOOK Data Acquisition and Analysis software package The appropriate drivers to support the functionality of the board are provided with all Amplicon 200 Series products A list of I O types supported by the LABTECH NOTEBOOK software and their compatibility with some of the Amplicon 200 series I O boards is given in the following table Functions provided by the Amplicon I O boards which are not listed in the table are not supported by the LABTECH NOTEBOOK software LABTECH Software I O Types Module AD AD DA DIDO TEMP STRN CNT FREQ PLSE Normal Hi Spd AMPLICON Board
47. as issued by the TCsetDiffCounters function Pointer to Long pointer to a variable declared as a long integer into which the 16 bit count value representing Count 2 Count 1 will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetDiffCounters See Also TCgetRatio TCfreeDiffCounters Read Differential Ratio TCgetRatio Returns the ratio of the count values of the two counter timers specified in function TCsetDiffCounters i TCgetRatio h hD ratio where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard hD Integer Differential counter handle as issued by the TCsetDiffCounters function Pointer to Float pointer to a variable declared as a single floating point into which the value representing the ratio of counts Counter 2 Counter 1 will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetDiffCounters See Also TCsetGate TCfreeDiffCounters E Page 72 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 5 4 Free Differential Counter Pair TCfreeDiffCounters Frees the counter timers associated with a differential pair as setup by function TCsetDifferentialCounters Call this function when finished with the differential counter i TCfreeDiffCounters h hD where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard hD Integer Differential counter handle as issued by the TCsetDiffCounters function Returns Integer OK or ER
48. ate of the other so that when the mark times out the space counter is triggerred and vice versa N B the user must connect each counter s gate to the other s output on the user connector SK1 See section 4 2 3 for more details on the Astable application i TCsetAstable h chip chan chipS chanS freq msratio where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registered board chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 chipS Integer Address offset of secondary timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chanS Integer Secondary timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 freq Float Desired frequency in Hertz msratio Float Desired mark to space ratio defined as mark time period i e O is D C OV 1 is D C 5V 0 5 is symmetrical square wave i e high for 1 and low for 1 Returns Integer Handle to the astable multi vibrator positive integer Use this handle to call the TCfreeAstable function when finished in order to free up the counter timers for re use or ERRHANDLE ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCfreeAstable PC214E Page 75 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 6 3 Free up Astable Multi vibrator Counter Timers TCfreeAstable
49. ble for use by another application when the stopwatch is no longer required When using these functions with the PC214E the input clock to the timer counter specified in TCsetStopwatch must be set to the internal 1 kHz source and the next timer counter along should have its clock input set to OUT N 1 For example if Z1 timer counter 0 was chosen as the stopwatch counter its clock should be set by J2 to 1 kHz and Z1 timer counter 1 should have its clock source set to OUT 0 on jumper J3 Event Recorder An extension of the stopwatch described above is to record the elapsed times when an external event occurs This is possible by connecting an event s status output to an 82C55 digital input channel on SK1 and causing this digital input to generate an interrupt to the computer s CPU The interrupt service routine would then read the elapsed time from the stopwatch timer counters and store the time into memory The function described in section 6 6 7 4 Prepare an Event Time Recorder TCsetEventRecorder allows you to specify a digital input chip PPIX or PPIY from which Port C bit 0 will be used as the event input and interrupt source Once the board s interrupt has been enabled see function enableinterrupts section 6 6 2 1 and a stopwatch timer has been started a positive going signal on the PPI Port C bit 0 pin on SK1 will cause the elapsed time to be recorded into memory The PC214E connections required are as follows 1 Configure a st
50. board features two uncommitted 82C55 CMOS Programmable Peripheral Interface devices PPIX and PPIY and an uncommitted 82C54 CMOS Counter Timer device Z1 all of which can each be configured in a variety of operating modes The operational mode for each device is established by writing to its control register The Windows DLL and the DOS C library contain functions that implement twelve typical applications for these devices These functions can be used with any board in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E range but since the PC214E does not support software programmable counter timer clock and gate connections special care must be taken to configure the PC214E s jumpers and external connections before using these functions The following paragraphs describe the twelve applications outlining the configuration of the board For PC214E users please take into consideration the limits on the input and output frequencies when using the timer counter functions These limits arise because the software was written to support the whole range of Digital O and Timer Counter boards all except for the PC214E of which feature software selectable clock sources The functions dynamically select an appropriate clock source for these boards and as this is not possible on the PC214E a fixed clock source is required PC214E Page 19 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 4 2 1 4 2 2 4 2 3 Differential Counter Two timer counters can be used to f
51. cquires an analog voltage and stores it for a period of time Sensor Device that responds to a physical stimulus heat light sound pressure motion etc producing a corresponding electrical output Settling Time The time taken for the signal appearing at the output of a device to settle to a new value caused by a change of input signal Signal to Noise Ratio Ratio of signal level to noise in a circuit Normally expressed in decibels Simultaneous Sample Hold A data acquisition system in which several sample hold circuits are used to simultaneously sample a number of analog channels and hold these values for sequential conversion One sample hold circuit per analog channel is required PC214E Page 105 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S Software The non physical parts of a computer system that includes computer programs such as the operating system high level languages applications program etc Spike A transient disturbance of an electrical circuit Stability The ability of an instrument or sensor to maintain a consistent output when a consistent input is applied Successive Approximation An analog to digital conversion method that sequentially compares a series of binary weighted values with the analog input signal to produce an output digital word in n steps where n is the number of bits of the A D Converter q v Symbol The graphical representation of some idea Letters and numerals are symbols Syntax Syntax is the set
52. ctors EX213 Output panel 24 relay or high level logic source drivers EX230 Input panel 24 isolated or non isolated high or low level inputs EX221 Input output panel 16 inputs 8 outputs 90 966 349 78 way Screened Cable 1m I O board to EX233 Termination distribution panel 90 956 109 37 way Screened Cable 1m PC36AT or EX233 to I O panel 91945753 37 way Screened Connector Kit SSS O PC3AT 24Line Dighal JO Board O OOO O OOOO 908 919 50 37 way screw terminal assy 91945953 78way Screened Connector Kt S O 1 3 Product Configurator Figure 1 Product Configurator Block Diagram shows how the six digital I O boards including the PC36AT may be connected using the supplied cables to form a variety of systems The simplest usable system configuration comprises one board from the PC212E PC214E PC215E PC218E or PC272E range a 78 way cable and an EX233 This system provides user terminals to all I O functions of the board More complex configurable systems include isolated or common ground input and output at low or high level All five boards employ the concept of I O Groups where a group can be six 16 bit counter timers with interconnects or 24 lines of digital input output These groups are integrated as necessary to provide the specified functionality The PC214E board being the entry level product in this range has two digital input output groups and three timer counters with interconnects A clock source group provides f
53. d are continuously circulated Page 106 PC214E AMPLICON APPENDIX B PC214E CIRCUIT LAYOUT DRAWING A p c b layout drawing of the PC214E Board is given below A full set of circuit drawings is available upon request B 1 PC214E Assembly Detail A short description of each user setting and indicator is given in the following table Component Function Reference SW1 Switch for Base Address Selection J1 Jumper for IRQ Level Selection J2 Jumper for Z1 Counter 0 Clock Selection J3 Jumper for Z1 Counter 1 Clock Selection J4 Jumper for Z1 Counter 2 Clock Selection J5 Jumper for Interrupt Source Selection H HHH HEN Brg Peeve CE R AMPL ICON 200 SERIES goa TE ea by Ls ee SRS HHR Ni 4 HHH Hoe Bear E rink o D al _ Nad Figure 14 PC214E Printed Circuit Layout a a ae PC214E Page 107
54. des Crystal clock divider with 5 rates independently selectable for each counter timer clock input 48 programmable digital I O lines with three operating modes Five selectable interrupt sources one timer output and four digital I O 1 5 PC214E General Description 1 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 5 1 2 The PC214E is a half size ISA bus plug in board which provides 48 programmable digital input output lines and three independent programmable 16 bit counter timers The board can be installed in IBM or fully compatible PC AT computers The flexible addressing system provided on the board allows the base address to be set within the range 000 to FF0 The board interrupt level can be jumper selected to IRQ3 IRQ5 IRQ7 IRQY IRQ10 IRQ11 IRQ12 or IRQ15 and any one of five possible interrupt sources can be selected by jumper A 10MHz on board crystal oscillator provides an accurate stable clock source for the counter timers independent of the system clock frequency A divider circuit provides five selectable frequencies 1OMHz 1MHz 100kHz 10kHz and 1kHz derived from the oscillator and each of the counter timers can be jumper connected to any of these clock sources or to its own individual external clock source A block diagram of the PC214E is given in Figure 2 The Software The PC214E is supplied with a 3 diskette containing the software which supports all five of the boards in the 200 Series Digital I O Counter Timer Family This so
55. egister writes to and reads from port A of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y All input output lines PAO to PA7 of this device are available to the user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Mnemonic Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Vente ani neas Interface Y Port A Data Register PRENA FUNCTION The PPI X Port A Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to port A of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device PPI Y The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port A are data input data output or bi directional data I O according to the PPI mode Mode 0 Input or Output Mode 1 Input or Output Mode 2 Bi Directional Input output The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 ee s Page 34 PC214E AMPLICON BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI Y port A data register is shown below PARE Ea PPI Y Port A Digital Digital I O SK1 I O Data Bits Pin Connections PAQ _ SK 1 29 PAI ________ COCS S11 468 PA2 SK1 9 PAZ s CSMKKX11 67 PA4 SK1 28 PA5 SK1 47 PA6 SK1 8 PA7 SK1 66 5 3 6 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port B This
56. eight bit register writes to and reads from port B of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y All input output lines PBO to PB7 of this device are available to the user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral EZ PRAES Interface Y Port B Data Register PESEB FUNCTION The PPI Y Port B Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to a port of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port B are data input or data output in all modes The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 PC214E Page 35 AMPLICON p200 SERIES BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI Y port B data register is shown below Pee a YE PPI Y Port B Digital Digital I O SK1 I O Data Bits Pin Connections PBO _ SK1 72 PB1 ____ CO C SFX 33 PB2 SK152 PB3 SK1 13 PB4 SK171 PB5 SK1 32 PB6 SK1 51 PB7 SK1 12 5 3 7 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port C This eight bit register writes to and reads from port C of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y All input output lines PCO to PC7 of this device are available to the
57. equency based on the value The analog input channel can be from an Amplicon PC226E PC30AT PC26AT or PC27E data acquisition board Please ensure the board is configured for a 10V unipolar input range or 4V unipolar for the PC27E See section 4 2 10 for more details on the Voltage Controlled Oscillator application i TCsetvco h AImodel AlIbaseAddr AIchan opChip opChan udFreq udChip freq0V freql10Vv where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Almodel Integer Model name of the analog input card being used Use one of the following pre defined constants PC226E 226 PC30AT 30 PC26AT 26 PC27E 27 AlbaseAdadr Integer Analog input card base address Alchan Integer Analog input card channel number opChip Integer Address offset of the Frequency Output timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 opChan Integer Frequency output timer counter channel within the chip 0 1 or 2 udFreq Float Update rate in Hertz udChip Integer Address offset of the Update Rate timer chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 Counter1 of this chip will be used to generate ee PC214E Page 89 AMPLICON p200 SERIES the update ticks freqoV Float Output frequency in Hertz corresponding to 0 0 Volts on the analog input channel freq10V Float Out
58. er Assignments 5 3 The Register Details The following paragraphs describe the operations of each of the accessible registers Additional information on register usage can be found in section 4 USING THE PC214E Page 28 PC214E AMPLICON 5 3 1 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Data Register Port A This eight bit register writes to and reads from port A of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X All input output lines PAO to PA7 of this device are available to the user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral 2 EZ EEES Interface X Port A Data Register PEISA FUNCTION The PPI X Port A Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to port A of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device PPI X The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturers 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port A are data input data output or bi directional data I O according to the PPI mode Mode 0 Input or Output Mode 1 Input or Output Mode 2 Bi Directional Input output The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI X port A data register is shown below FAIRE ee SE PPI X Port A Digital Digital I
59. f an external signal measured in microseconds The external signal must be connected to the clock input of the timer channel specified in the chan argument See section 4 2 6 for more details on the Frequency Period Measurement application i TCgetExtPeriod h chip chan fPtr where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip 2 One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 Another timer counter chan 2 will also be used to provide the gate signal This second timer counter may be on the previous chip fPir Pointer to Float Pointer to a variable declared as a single floating point into which the period will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCgetExtFreq PC214E Page 81 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 8 2 Measure Frequency of an External Signal TCgetExtFreq Returns the frequency of an external signal in Hertz The external signal must be connected to the clock input of the timer specified in the chan argument See section 4 2 6 for more details on the Frequency Period Measurement application i TCgetExtFreq h chip chan fPtr where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip One of t
60. f width numBits starting at Port A bit 0 Note that the three ports A B C upper and C lower must be setup correctly for input or output accordingly by calling the DlIOsetMode function for each i DIOsetChanWidth h chip numBits where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 numBits Integer Bit width to be used in subsequent calls to functions DlOsetData DlIOgetData and TCsetDCO Valid widths are 1 4 8 12 16 or 24 numBits channels per chip 1 24 4 8 12 16 24 Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard See Also DlOsetMode DIlOsetData DlOgetData PC214E Page 93 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 10 4 Send Digital Output Data DiOsetData Writes a data value to a DIO channel It is assumed that the channel has already been set as an output by a call to function DIOsetMode i DIOsetData h chip chan data where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 Integer DIO channel Note the channel numbering depends on the channel width as set by DlOsetChanWidth default is 3 8 bit channels Long Digital data word Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls re
61. for other languages Generic LABTECH NOTEBOOK drivers for the Digital I O and Timer Counter devices provided on the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E boards are also provided 6 1 Copyright Software supplied on the PC214E diskette is Amplicon copyright Permission is granted for the purchaser of the PC214E to incorporate any part of the Amplicon copyright software into related application programs and to use resell or otherwise distribute such application programs for operation with PC214E hardware purchased from Amplicon Liveline Limited 6 2 Files installed from the Distribution Diskette The files installed from the 3 5 inch high density diskette are listed in the ReadMe file README TXT Please refer to this file for the latest information Any last minute information will be described in the README TXT file which should be examined before proceeding Page 46 PC214E AMPLICON 6 3 Windows DLL and Examples The PC214E DLL is a 16 bit Windows programmer s interface to the PC214E board Provided that the compiler interpreter supports Windows i e uses the Windows calling conventions all the functions can be called by software written in any language For C C language applications the software includes a ready prepared header file DIO_TC H which covers all function definitions and declared constants Similarly for Visual Basic there is a module DIO_TC BAS for inclusion in a project make file for DLL declarations and co
62. ftware is described fully in section 6 of this manual Windows Installation Program The software is installed onto the user s hard disk by a Windows installation program See section 2 of this manual for information on getting started Windows DLL A Windows Dynamic Link Library DLL containing over 50 functions provides an Applications Program Interface API to the PC214E and the other boards in the family The library functions allow the boards to be easily applied to many different applications and also provide an easy way of accessing the board s features The 16 bit DLL can be called by any language which uses Windows calling conventions and example programs written in Microsoft Visual Basic are also provided a a Page 4 PC214E AMPLICON Board Crystal Clock Generator 5 source frequencies OUTO Counter 82C54 GATI Connection Ctr Tmr CLK2 Selector Z1 Interrupt Source Selector 8 bit Data 1 0 Address Offset Bus Decoder Event l 5 bit Address Interrupt W R Offset PC INTERFACE IRQ Controls Data Address ISA Bus Figure 2 PC214E Block Diagram PC214E Page 5 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 1 5 1 3 1 5 1 4 DOS Library A DOS library for Microsoft and Borland C C is supplied which has exactly the same functionality as the Windows DLL Four example C programs are also provided and these can be recompiled with either Microsoft C C or Borland C
63. gisterBoard DIlOsetMode DIlOsetChanWidth See Also DlOgetData E F E E G i _ Page 94 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 10 5 Read Digital Input Data DlOgetData Reads a data value from a DIO channel It is assumed that the channel has already been set as an input by a call to function DIOsetMode i DIOgetData h chip chan data where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 chan Integer DIO channel Note the channel numbering depends on the channel width as set by function DIOsetChanWidth default is three 8 bit channels dat Pointer to Long Pointer to a variable declared as a long integer into which the digital data word will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard DlOsetMode DlOsetChanWidth DlOsetData See Also PC214E Page 95 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 11 Switch Scanner Matrix Functions 6 6 11 1 Setup a Switch Scanner Matrix DIOsetSwitchMatrix Sets up one two or three 82C55 DIO chips as a switch matrix scanning device The order of the matrix specified can be 12 for a 12 X 12 matrix scanning 144 switches using PPIX 24 for a 24 X 24 matrix scanning 576 switches using PPIX and PPIY or 36 for a 36 X 36 matrix scanning 1296 switches using PPIX PPIY and PPIZ Group A ports A and C upper are set for outp
64. he following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 Another timer counter chan 2 will be used to provide the gate pulse This counter timer may be on the previous chip fPtr Pointer to Float Pointer to a variable declared as a single floating point into which the frequency result will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCgetExtPeriod Page 82 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 8 3 Generate a Frequency TCgenerateFreq Generates a square wave of specified frequency on a single timer counter See section 4 2 7 for more details on the Frequency Generation application i TCgenerateFreq h chip chan freq where h Integer Board handle as issued by the function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 freq Float Desired frequency in Hertz Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCgenerateAccFreq PC214E Page 83 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 8 4 Generate an Accurate Frequency TCgenerateAccFreq Generates a square wave frequency accurate to 0 1 using two cascaded _timer counters See section 4
65. ies the mark to space ratio and this is defined as follows mark to space ratio mark time overall period The function registers the timer counters as being in use and unavailable for any other application Function TCfreeAstable can be called when finished with the astable multivibrator and releases the timer counters so they become available for use by another application The output of each timer counter must be connected externally via the user connector SK1 to the gate input of the other timer counter The TCsetAstable function calculates the input clock frequencies and counter divide ratios CDRs for the two timers and normally makes the selections automatically However for the PC214E the clock selections must be made by hand and therefore a discussion of the calculations involved are necessary to obtain the correct input clock source jumper selections MARK SPACE TT a tH tM tS E 1 freq tM msratio freq where msratio mark to space ratio freq output frequency Hz tM mark time seconds The CDR for the mark timer counter cdrM is defined as cdrM tM fCIkM where fCIkM mark timer s input clock frequency The equation for cdrM should be iterated for various values of fCIkM starting at 10 MHz and working down until the result gives a value for cdrM that is less than FFFF i the maximum value for a CDR When this is attained a suitable input clock frequency has now been found A s
66. ill always try to co operate if there is a particular problem of time pressure Please mark the RMA number on the outside of the packaging to ensure that the package is accepted by the Goods Inwards Department Address repairs to Customer Services Department AMPLICON LIVELINE LIMITED Centenary Industrial Estate Hollingdean Road BRIGHTON UK BN2 4AW PC214E Page 7 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 2 1 2 2 2 GETTING STARTED General Information The PC214E software diskette contains six ready to run executable programs three for DOS and three for Windows These programs allow the user to perform I O operations on the PC214E immediately after installing the board and software onto a PC Installing the Board ENSURE THAT THE POWER TO THE COMPUTER IS SWITCHED OFF BEFORE INSTALLING OR REMOVING ANY EXPANSION BOARD OBSERVE HANDLING PRECAUTIONS NOTED IN SECTION 1 6 REPAIR OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY MIS HANDLING IS NOT COVERED UNDER THE AMPLICON WARRANTY DO NOT MAKE ANY MODIFICATIONS OTHER THAN SWITCH CHANGES TO A BOARD THAT IS ON EVALUATION Please refer to the manufacturer s hardware manual supplied with the PC for instructions on how to remove the cover and install devices into an ISA bus slot The PC214E may be installed in any available position in the machine provided that there is no restriction specified for that location by the computer manufacturer If available the end slot furthest from any other I O card should be chosen to minim
67. imilar calculation can now take place for tS with tS 1 freq tM cdrS tS fClkS where tS space time seconds fClkS space timer s input clock frequency cdrS CDR for space timer counter Note the 82C54 timer counters outputs are switched to the low level by the next clock after the gate trigger possibly causing the mark to space ratio to become distorted by one or two clock pulses This will become more apparent at higher frequencies PC214E Page 21 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 4 2 4 4 2 5 4 2 6 Stopwatch In mode 2 the output of the 82C54 timer counter starts high goes low for one clock pulse when the count value decrements to 1 and then is set to high again The initial count value is then automatically re loaded counting continues and the sequence repeats The output can be used as a clock signal for another timer counter and any number of timer counters can be cascaded in this way Section 6 6 7 Millisecond Stopwatch Functions contains function TCsetStopwatch which sets up two timer counters in this way with a clock input frequency of 1 kHz Function TCstartStopwatch sets the counters counting and function TCgetElapsedTime latches and reads the two count values to calculate the elapsed time in milliseconds since the counters were first set off by TCstartStopwatch This stopwatch can count milliseconds for nearly 50 days Function TCfreeStopwaitch releases the timer counters so they can become availa
68. ine catalogue Page 6 PC214E AMPLICON 1 8 Contacting Amplicon Liveline Limited for Support or Service 1 8 1 1 8 2 The PC214E board is produced by Amplicon Liveline Limited and maintenance is available throughout the supported life of the product Technical Support Should this product appear defective please check the information in this manual and any Help or READ ME files appropriate to the program in use to ensure that the product is being correctly applied If a problem persists please request Technical Support on one of the following numbers Telephone UK 01273 608 331 International 44 1273 608 331 Fax UK 01273 570 215 International 44 1273 570 215 Internet support amplicon co uk www amplicon co uk Repairs If the PC214E requires repair then please return the goods enclosing a repair order detailing the nature of the fault If the PC214E is still under warranty there will be no repair charge unless any damage as a consequence of improper use For traceability when processing returned goods a Returned Materials Authorisation RMA procedure is in operation Before returning the goods please request an individual RMA number by contacting Amplicon Customer Services by telephone or fax on the above numbers Give the reason for the return and if the goods are still under warranty the original invoice number and date Repair turnaround time is normally five working days but the Service Engineers w
69. ise the risk of the switched signals inducing interference in the PC circuits 2 3 System Requirements When installing one or more PC214E boards ensure that the host computer has sufficient capacity Take into account other boards or adapters that may be installed in the computer when assessing physical space address space in the I O map interrupt levels and the power requirements A minimum host computer configuration is e BM or fully compatible PC AT with 286 or higher processor 31 2 high density floppy disk drive hard disk drive and monitor e One free ISA bus to accommodate a 1 2 length I O card slot e Sufficient power available 5 VDC at 100 mA is required for each PC214E e DOS 6 0 or higher to run the DOS demonstration programs e Microsoft Windows 3 1 or higher to use the DLL and run the Windows demonstration programs 2 4 Backing up the Software Diskettes It is important that a backup copy of the software diskette s is made and the original stored in a cool dry safe place The diskette s can be copied onto a blank diskette and or the software copied onto the hard disk A supplied Windows setup program installs the software on the hard disk Refer to the DOS or Windows manual for information on disk copying Always use the working copy SS a Page 8 PC214E AMPLICON 2 5 Software Installation To install the PC214E software onto your hard disk insert disk 1 into drive A and select File Run fr
70. it Set Reset operation just as if they were data output ports The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI X port C data register is shown below EAT Sas PPI X Port C Lower PPI X Port C Upper SK1 Pin Byte Data Bits Byte Data Bits Connections PCQ 1 SK11 44 PC1 S SK15 Pc2 S SK13 PC3 gt oo SK14 PC4 SK1 4 PC5 SK1 62 PC6 SK1 23 PC7 SK1 42 PC214E Page 31 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 5 3 4 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI X Command Register This is the command register for the PPI and can be used to set the operational mode of the three digital I O ports or to manipulate the bits of port C Register Write and or Register Register Mnemonic Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral J Interface PPI X Command PPI X CMD Register FUNCTION Provides a command word to define the operation of the PPI X ports A B and C Any port programmed as output is initialised to all zeroes when a command word is written A separate feature allows any bit of port C to be set or reset using a single instruction The programming procedure for the 82C55 is flexible but the command word must be written before data bytes are loaded As the command register and each port have separate addresses offsets 0 to 3 and each command word specifies the mode
71. ive precise frequencies for counter timer input The PC214E board being the entry level product in this range has jumper configurable clock source groups only The PC212E PC215E and PC218E boards have software configurable clock and gate source groups The user I O connector map recognises this grouping and allows any combination of expansion panels to be directly added to any of the boards with each panel mapped onto a counter timer group or digital I O group Page 2 PC214E AMPLICON PC212E 12 Counters 24 Lines Digital I O PC214E 3 Counters 48 Lines Digital I O PC215E 6 Counters 48 Lines Digital I O PC218E 18 Counters PC272E 72 Lines Digital I O PC36AT 78 78 wa Cable 37 37 way Existing 24 Lines Digital I O Cable 37 way D Connector Kit 78 way Connector Kit EX233 78 way termination and or 3x37 way distribution UHE UHE AH 37 37 way Cable AND OR gt OR Existing 37 way termination assy Figure 1 Product Configurator Block Diagram R PC214E Page 3 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 1 4 Features of the PC214E Three 16 bit 1OMHz counter timers each with six programmable counter mo
72. le Bit Set Reset Feature With bit 7 Command Select set to 0 any of the eight bits of port C can be set or reset using a single output instruction This feature reduces the software overhead in control based applications When port C is being used as status control for port A or port B these bits can be set or reset using the Bit Set Reset operation just as if they were data output ports BIT ASSIGNMENTS Bit layouts of the PPI X command word register is shown below Further information on programming the 82C55 PPI is given in chapters 4 and 6 A full description of the operating modes and all other features of the 82C55 are available in the 82C55 device manufacturer s data sheet in the appendices Command Word for Mode Definition Format GROUP B Port C Lower 0 Output COMMAND SELECT 1 Input Set Flag 1 Active Port B 0 Output 1 Input Mode Selection 0 Mode 0 1 Mode 1 GROUP A Port C Upper 0 Output 1 Input Port A 0 Output 1 Input Mode Selection 00 Mode 0 01 Mode 1 1X Mode 2 PC214E Page 33 AMPLICON J200 SERIES Command Word for Bit Set Reset Format 0 Reset 1 Set Bit Set Reset Don t Care COMMAND SELECT Bit Set Reset Flag 0 Active Port C Bit Select onej olol of oleo ojoo he ofofolohi iiez 5 3 5 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Data Register Port A This eight bit r
73. lect one of the five internal frequencies or the Z1EXTCLK input as the clock source to a counter timer you must ensure that no external signal is connected to the counter timer s CLOCK I O pin on SK1 In this case the internal signal selected will be available as an output signal on the CLOCK I O pin 3 2 Cable Connections 3 2 1 A screened 78 way cable with metal shielded D connectors Part N 90 966 349 is available to provide cable connections to the PC214E Alternatively a mating 78 way D pin connector kit is available Part N 91 945 953 should the user wish to construct custom cables A range of external expansion panels is also available to offer a variety of digital I O operations to the range of PC212E PC214E PC215E PC218E and PC272E digital I O and counter timer boards These expansion panels are also compatible with the existing PC36AT Programmable Digital I O board Part N 90 893 163 Features Summary of the Expansion Panels As with the digital I O boards the expansion panels are of modular design employing common circuit groups and constructional techniques Expansion Panels Common Features 200 Series compatible DIN rail mounting Cage clamp terminals Common circuit groups 78 way shielded connector for user I O 37 way shielded interconnect cables Connection groups compatible with I O boards Multiple ground I O connections User manual Expansion Panels Individual Features e EX233 Termination and
74. lt Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard allocatelntegerBuf See Also 6 6 3 6 Read Data from Long Buffer readLongBuf Reads a data item from long integer buffer which is returned via a user supplied pointer The pointer must reference a long integer variable i readLongBuf b item p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateLongBuf function item Long index of the data item in the buffer p Pointer points to a long integer variable to be used for the result Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard allocateLongBuf See Also C M Page 56 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 3 7 Write Data to an Integer Buffer writelntegerBuf Writes a single integer data item to an integer data buffer i writeIntegerBuf b item data where b Integer buffer handle Long index of item in buffer Integer data value Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard allocatelntegerBuf See Also 6 6 3 8 Write Data to a Long Integer Buffer writeLongBuf Writes a single long integer data item to a long data buffer i writeLongBuf b item data where b Integer buffer handle Long index of item in buffer Long data value Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard allocateLongBuf See Al
75. mer counter channel on which to perform the frequency measurement The external signal must be connected to the clock input of this channel Another timer channel chan 2 will also be used to provide the gate signal This may be on the previous chip opChip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip on which to generate the output frequency One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 opChan Integer Output timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 factor Float Divisor value Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCdivideFreq TCfreeResource PC214E Page 85 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 8 6 Divide an External Frequency TCdivideFreq Measures an external signals frequency then generates another signal whose frequency is the external frequency divided by a specified number N B this function is not on going and must be called at a regular interval to keep the generated frequency tracking the external signal Note the output signal will be a square wave i TCdivideFreq h ipChip ipChan opChip opChan divisor where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard jpChip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip on which the input frequency will be measured jpChan Integer Input timer counter channel on which to perform the frequency measurement The extern
76. n error is returned Returns Integer Buffer Handle positive integer This handle must be used in all subsequent function calls to identify the buffer or ERRSUPPORT ERRMEMORY Prior Calls registerBoard See Also freeLongBuf Page 54 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 3 3 6 6 3 4 Free up an Integer Data Buffer freelntegerBuf Frees a block of memory previously allocated for the given data buffer by the allocatelntegerBuf function i freeIntegerBuf b where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocatelntegerBuf function Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER Prior Calls registerBoard allocatelntegerBuf See Also Free up a Long Integer Data Buffer freeLongBuf Frees a block of memory previously allocated for the given data buffer by the allocateLongBuf function i freeLongBuf b where Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateLongBuf function Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER Prior Calls registerBoard allocateLongBuf See Also PC214E Page 55 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 3 5 Read Data from an Integer Buffer readintegerBuf Reads a data item from an integer buffer which is returned via a user supplied pointer The pointer must reference an integer variable i readIntegerBuf b item p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocatelntegerBuf function Long index of the data item in the buffer Pointer points to an integer variable to be used for the resu
77. nstant definitions For other languages the user will need to compile a suitable header in which the DLL functions and constants are declared and these files can be used as an example The software includes Visual Basic examples as both runtime and source code The runtime examples can be used to exercise and become familiar with the hardware The source code serves two purposes Firstly it can be used as a source of reference to see how the DLL functions are used Also it provides a starting point for anyone who wishes to write software with similar functionality 6 4 DOS C Library and Examples The C library is a DOS programmer s interface to the PC214E board The software includes C examples as both runtime and source code The source code can be compiled using the Microsoft C C or Borland C compilers conditional compilation based on a define at the top of the program file allows the source code to be compatible with both languages To define the C compiler in use a single line in file DIO_TC H must be changed for Microsoft or Borland C C users The line that is not required must be removed or made inoperative by commenting out The following example extracted from the C source shows the program set up for Borland C define _ BORLAND _C__ Borland C users use this define __MICROSOFT_C__ Microsoft C C users use this Section 6 6 describes the library functions available Please note that in C C the functi
78. nts i Page 48 PC214E AMPLICON e Double click on the empty Form1 design window to bring up the code window for the Form_Load subroutine At runtime this routine will get called when the program first starts up e Type the following lines into the Form_Load subroutine hBoard ERRSUPPORT Load REGISTER REGISTER Show modal Unload REGISTER These lines of code will cause the Board Registration dialog box to pop up so that the PC214E board can be registered with the DLL e Put away the code window and select the Form1 design window e Select Window Menu Design to bring up the dialog box from which you design the form s menubar Type Exit as the caption and mnuExit as the name for the first menu bar item then click on OK to put the dialog box away e The menubar will now appear in the Form1 design window Click on the Exit item to bring up the code window for the mnuExit_Click subroutine At runtime this routine will get called whenever the Exit menu is selected e Type the following lines into the mnuExit_Click subroutine Dim e As Integer e freeBoard hBoard if e lt gt OK then Call ReportError e End If End These lines of code un registers the board from the DLL as the program closes These eight steps will create the shell of a VB application that can now be run The program at this stage does nothing more than register a PC214E board or any other boa
79. o ordinate of the position of the switch in the matrix origin is at port AO BO of PPIX Valid values should be in the range 0 order as specified in DIOsetSwitchMatrix Zero if switch was OFF open Non zero if switch was ON closed ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN registerBoard DlOsetSwitchMatrix DlOfreeSwitchMatrix 6 6 11 3 Free up the Digital I O Chip s from a Switch Matrix DlOfreeSwitchMatrix Frees the DIO resources used by the switch matrix as setup in function DIOsetSwitchMatrix DIOfreeSwitchMatrix h where Returns Integer or Prior Calls See Also h OK ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN registerBoard DlOsetSwitchMatrix Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard PC214E Page 97 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 12 Bi Directional Data Bus Functions 6 6 12 1 Prepare an 8 bit Bi Directional Data Bus DlOsetBiDirectionalBus Programs Group A of a DIO chip for Mode 2 Strobe bi directional bus I O operation Group B Port B and Port C lower are not used in the bi directional bus and are programmed by this function for Mode 0 input or output as specified in the isPBip and isPCLip arguments They can be accessed in the normal way using the DlIOsetData and DlOgetData functions Up to three bi directional buses are available per board if PPls are available See section 4 2 12 for more details on the Bi directional Bus application i DIOsetBiDirectionalBus h chip isPBip isPCLip bIn
80. ocated data buffer for each event See section 4 2 5 for more details on the Event Recorder application i TCsetEventRecorder h hS chip hB where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard hs Integer Stopwatch handle as issued by the TCsetStopwatch function chip Integer Address offset of the digital input chip from which Port C bit 0 will be used as the event input Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 hB Integer Buffer handle as issued by the allocateBuf function This function must have been called with the type argument set to 4 since the time reading is a 4 byte long integer Returns Integer Positive handle to the event recorder Use this handle to call the TCfreeEventRecorder function when finished or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRBUFFER Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch allocateBuf See Also TCfreeEventRecorder enablelnterrupts RR Page 78 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 7 5 6 6 7 6 Free up Event Recorder Timer and Digital Input Channels TCfreeEventRecorder Frees up the event recorder handle This function is necessary so that the interrupt service routine can decide whether a PPI Port CO interrupt is an event recorder or some other user defined task i TCfreeEventRecorder h hE where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard hE
81. of each port no other special instruction sequence is required The Three Modes The register function depends on the setting of bit 7 Command Select and the three mode selections assume that bit 7 is set to 1 which allows mode configuration Mode 0 provides basic input and output operations through each of the ports A B and C Output data bits are latched and input data follows the signals applied to the I O lines No handshaking is needed 16 different configurations in mode 0 Two 8 bit ports and two 4 bit ports Inputs are not latched Outputs are latched Mode 1 provides strobed input and output operations with data transferred through port A or B and handshaking through port C e Two I O groups Group A also known as Group 0 or Group Group B also known as Group 1 or Group ll e Both groups contain an 8 bit port and a 4 bit control data port e Both 8 bit data ports can be latched input or latched output Page 32 PC214E AMPLICON Mode 2 provides strobed bi directional operation using port A as the bi directional data bus Port C3 to C7 bits are used for interrupts and handshaking bus flow control similar to mode 1 NOTE Port B and port CO to C2 bits may be defined as mode O or 1 input or output in conjunction with port A in mode 2 e An 8 bit latched bi directional bus port and 5 bit control port e Both input and outputs are latched e An additional 8 bit input or output port with a 3 bit control port Sing
82. of several signal data paths that may be selected Character A letter figure number punctuation or other symbol contained in a message or used in a control function Code A set of unambiguous rules specifying the way in which characters may be represented Conversion Time The time required for a complete conversion of a value from analog to digital form ADC or analog to digital form DAC Inverse of Conversion Rate Cold Junction See Thermocouple Reference Junction Cold Junction Compensation CJC A technique to compensate for thermocouple measurement offset when the reference or cold junction is at a temperature other than 0 C PC214E Page 103 AMPLICON Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMR A measure of the equipment s ability to reject common mode interference Usually expressed in decibels as the ratio between the common mode voltage and the error in the reading due to this common mode voltage Common Mode Voltage In a differential measurement system the common mode voltage usually represents an interfering signal The common mode voltage is the average of the voltages on the two input signal lines with respect to ground level of the measuring system Comparator An electronic circuit used to compare two values and set an indicator that identifies which value is greater Compiler High level language used to pre process a program in order to convert it to a form that a processor can execute directly Contact Closure
83. om the Windows Program Manager or if you are using Windows 95 select Run from the Start menu In the dialogue box that follows type A SETUP lt RETURN gt The PC214E software installation program will now run Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the installation See section 6 Programming The PC214E for information on running the software 2 6 Configuration Switch and Jumper Settings 2 6 1 Before installing this board in the host computer the configuration needs to be set to the user s requirements Setting is by means of an on board in line switch and pluggable jumpers whose functions are described below For the interrupt source and clock source jumpers position 1 is indicated on the board by a small dot below the jumper pins Base Address Selection The base address of the PC214E can be selected in the range 000 to FFO16 If more than one PC214E is installed in a single PC each board must have a different base address and these will be separated by at least 32 bytes It is normally convenient to have the base addresses at contiguous even locations The factory default base address is 30046 Conflict of I O addresses with other devices in the host PC or fitted adaptors is a common cause of operational problems and care should be taken to ensure that the PC214E base address is chosen where no port assignment is in contention The board s base address is set by switch SW1 This switch bank comprises a ro
84. on i TCstartStopwatch h hS where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function hs Integer Handle to stopwatch as issued by the TCsetStopwatch function Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch See Also TCgetElapsedTime TCfreeStopwatch 6 6 7 3 Get Stopwatch Elapsed Time TCgetElapsedTime Gets the elapsed time in milliseconds since a given stopwatch was started i TCgetElapsedTime h hS 1Ptr where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function hs Integer Stopwatch handle as issued by the TCsetStopwatch function Ptr Pointer to Long Pointer to a variable defined as a long integer into which the elapsed time result will be placed Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetStopwatch TCstartStopwatch See Also TCgetTimeString TCsetEventRecorder Ee PC214E Page 77 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 7 4 Prepare an Event Time Recorder TCsetEventRecorder Sets up an event recorder which records the times of positive edges on a PPI Port C bit 0 digital input DI line The times recorded are the elapsed time since the given stopwatch was started This is performed by using a stopwatch previously setup by a call to TCsetStopwatch and enabling the DI line to generate an interrupt An interrupt service routine ISR stores the elapsed time from the stopwatch into a previously all
85. on syntax lines given should always end with a semi colon Where arguments to functions are described as pointers the address of a user declared variable is required This is easily done by using the amp reference operator For example function TCgetCount requires a pointer to a variable declared as long into which the count value result will be placed A typical C code example for displaying the Z1 Counter 0 count value would be long count declare count as long TCgetCount h 21 0 amp count printf count 1d count pass count by reference r count now contains new value where h is a handle to a registered board N B The large memory model should be used when compiling the library and example programs PC214E Page 47 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 4 1 Borland C User Information 1 Ensure that the library DIO_TC C and the header file DIO_TC H are in a directory where the compiler can locate them Failure to find these files may cause unresolved external compilation errors 2 At the beginning of the application program add the following line include DIO_TC H 3 Add the file DIO_TC C to the project list in the environment and use the MAKE command to compile and link 6 4 2 Microsoft C C User Information 1 Ensure that the library DIO_TC LIB and the header file DIO_TC H are in a directory where the compiler can locate them Failure to find these files may cause unresolved exte
86. onstants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 Returns Integer 0 DIO Chip NOT Available 1 Available or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard See Also DlOfreeResource PC214E Page 91 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 6 10 2 Configure a Digital I O Port for Input or Output DIOsetMode Sets up a digital I O port for basic input or output i DIOsetMode h chip port isInput where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 port Integer DIO port within the chip Port C is split into two 4 bit nibbles which can be programmed independently Use one of the following pre defined constants PORTA 0 PORTB 1 PORTC_L PORTC_U 2 3 isInput Integer Non zero if port is to be set as input zero if port is to be set as output Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard See Also DlOsetChanWidth DlOsetData DlOgetData Page 92 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 10 3 Re define Channel Width within a Digital I O Chip DlIOsetChanWidth Redefines the number of bits per DIO channel to be used in subsequent calls to the DlOsetData and DlOgetData functions The default channel width is 8 bits and this can be changed to 1 4 8 12 16 or 24 After calling this function the chan argument in the DlOsetData and DIlOgetData functions refers to the group of bits o
87. opwatch as per section 4 2 4 above 2 Select PPIX Port C 0 or PPIY Port C 0 as the digital input and connect the external event s status signal to the relevant pin on SK1 3 Select the interrupt source as per the choice in 2 above see section 2 6 4 for details on interrupt source selection Frequency Period Measurement Another use for the pulse generation capabilities of the 82C54 is for one counter timer to provide a precise GATE signal during which a second timer counter counts an external event In mode 0 a high level on the gate input validates counting and a low level invalidates it i e counting stops Also a low to high transition on the gate input causes the initial count value to be re latched into the counting element Section 6 6 8 contains two functions TCgetExtFreq and TCgetExtPeriod both of which program a timer counter to provide a one shot gate pulse of precise duration 6 5535 ms to a second timer counter The second timer counter has an external signal as its clock input When the gate pulse is over the second timer counter s counting stops and its value is then read A simple calculation can then be made to determine the number of external clock cycles received during the 6 5535 ms and from this the external frequency and period can be estimated Page 22 PC214E AMPLICON 4 2 7 4 2 8 4 2 9 The timer counter you specify in calls to TCgetExtFreq and TCgetExtPeriod is the second timer counter described abo
88. or Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BASIC is not rigorously structured and relies on English like instructions which account for its popularity Binary Coded Decimal BCD A system of binary numbering where each decimal digit O through 9 is represented by a combination of four bits BIOS Basic Input Output System BIOS resides in ROM on a computer system board and provides device level control for the major I O devices on the system Bipolar A signal being measured is said to be bipolar when the voltage on its high terminal can be either of positive or negative polarity in relation to its low terminal Bit Contraction of binary digit The smallest unit of information A bit represents the choice between a one or zero value mark or space in communications technology Buffer A storage device used to compensate for a difference in rate of data flow or time of occurrence of events when transferring data from one device to another Also a device without storage that isolates two circuits Bus Conductors used to interconnect individual circuitry in a computer The set of conductors as a whole is called a bus Byte A binary element string operated on as a unit and usually shorter than a computer word Normally eight bits C A high level programming language developed around the concept of structured programming and designed for high operating speeds Microsoft C and Turbo C are dialects of C Channel One
89. orm a Differential Counter pair from which the ratio of or the difference between the two count values is derived See section 6 6 5 Differential Counter Functions The function TCsetDiffCounters allows you to specify the two timer counters to be used as a differential pair The function registers the timer counter pair as being in use and unavailable for any other application Provision is also made by TCsetDiffCounters to specify the clock and gate connections for both timer counters However in the case of the PC214E these function arguments do nothing and the clock and gate connections are selected by using jumpers J2 to J4 and or the user socket SK1 The functions TCgetDiffCount and TCgetRatio can be called at any time after TCsetDiffCounters and these two functions latch and read the current count values of the timer counters using the read back command and return the difference and ratio of the two count values respectively Function TCfreeDiffCounters can be called when finished with the differential counter and releases the timer counter pair so they become available for use by another application Monostable Multivibrator Mode 1 of the 82C54 timer counter provides a digital one shot output This can be used to implement a monostable multivibrator pulse In this mode the output of the timer goes low at the falling edge of the first clock succeeding the gate trigger and is kept low until the counter value becomes 0 Once the
90. ounter 2 Data Register is used to write and read 8 bit data to the 82C54 Z1 counter timer 2 The counter is normally configured for 16 bit operation and to ensure validity of the data It is important to always write read two bytes to the register least significant byte first Please note that the 16 bit count values written to this register are not latched into the counting element until the next clock pulse assuming the gate input is high Subsequent read operations from this register will therefore not reflect the new count value until this clock pulse has latched the data The input to counter 2 can be one of the internal master clock frequencies 1MHz or 1kHz an external clock the Z1 External Clock signal or the output of Z1 counter 1 This source selection is made by jumper J4 which is described in Section 2 6 5 The output of counter 2 is available on the user socket SK1 pin 17 and also as a possible clock source for counter 0 Counter gate 2 is permanently enabled by means of a pull up resistor to VCC but can be controlled externally by connecting a signal to SK1 pin 75 Further information on programming the 82C54 Programmable Counter Timer is given in chapters 4 and 6 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the Z1 counter 2 data register is shown below 7 16 5 4 3 2 1 0 Z1 16 BIT COUNTER 2 DATA BIT First Byte Second Byte Least Significant Most Significant 0 __ _ _ 8 NOoROND o Page 42 PC214E
91. p Use one of the following pre defined constants PPIX 0 PPIY 8 PPIZ 16 diChan Integer Digital input channel opChip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip to be used for frequency output One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 opChan Integer Frequency output timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 udFreq Float Update frequency in Hertz udChip Integer Address offset of a timer counter chip of which counter 1 will be used to generate the update interrupts One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 MinF Float Output frequency corresponding to DI data value 0 lt PC214E Page 87 AMPLICON p200 SERIES MaxF Float Frequency corresponding to the maximum digital input data value which itself depends on the channel width specified in DlOsetChanWidth Returns Integer Positive handle to DCO Use this handle to call TCfreeDCO when finished or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA ERRRANGE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetVCO enablelnterrupts TCfreeDCO ee s Page 88 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 9 2 Prepare a Voltage Controlled Oscillator TCsetVCO Implements a voltage controlled oscillator which periodically reads a voltage from an analog input channel and generates an external fr
92. port C data register is shown below AICTE eo PPI Y Port C Lower PPI Y Port C Upper SK1 Pin Byte Data Bits Byte Data Bits Connections PCO SK170 PC1 S SK131 PC2 S y SK150 PB 7Y SKN PC4 SK1 30 PC5 SK1 49 PC6 SK1 10 PC7 SK1 68 5 3 8 Programmable Peripheral Interface PPI Y Command Register This is the command register for the PPI and can be used to set the operational mode of the three digital I O ports or to manipulate the bits of port C Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral E 0B16 Mle S pits Interface PPI Y Command EER oMe Register FUNCTION Provides a command word to define the operation of the PPI Y ports A B and C Any port programmed as output is initialised to all zeroes when a command word is written A separate feature allows any bit of port C to be set or reset using a single instruction The programming procedure for the 82C55 is flexible but the command word must be written before data bytes are loaded As the command register and each port have separate addresses offsets 0 to 3 and each command word specifies the mode of each port no other special instruction sequence is required The Three Modes The register function depends on the setting of bit 7 Command Select and the three mode selections assume that bit 7 is set to 1 which allows mode configuration Mode 0 provides basic input and o
93. programming the 82C54 Programmable Counter Timer is given in chapters 4 and 6 BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the Z1 counter 0 data register is shown below 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Z1 16 BIT COUNTER 0 DATA BIT First Byte Second Byte Least Significant Most Significant 0 8 NOoROND o Nese Page 40 PC214E AMPLICON 5 3 10 Z1 Counter 1 Data Register The 82C54 Programmable Timer Counter Z1 provides three 16 bit counter timers which can be independently programmed to operate in any one of six modes with BCD or Binary count functions The register definition for Z1 Counter 1 Data is as follows Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title Write and Read 8 bits 82C54 Z1 Counter Timer Z1 CT1 Counter 1 Data Register FUNCTION The Z1 Counter 1 Data Register is used to write and read 8 bit data to the 82C54 Z1 counter timer 1 The counter is normally configured for 16 bit operation and to ensure validity of the data it is important to always write read two bytes to the register least significant byte first Please note that the 16 bit count values written to this register are not latched into the counting element until the next clock pulse assuming the gate input is high Subsequent read operations from this register will therefore not reflect the new count value until this clock pulse has latched the data The counter can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be
94. put frequency in Hertz corresponding to 10 0 Volts on the analog input channel or 4 0 Volts if using a PC27E Returns Integer Positive handle to VCO Use this handle to call TCfreeDCO when finished or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA ERRRANGE ERRPC226 Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TCsetDCO enablelnterrupts TCfreeDCO 6 6 9 3 Free up a DCO or VCO s Timer Counters TCfreeDCO Frees the timer counter amp DIO resources used by a DCO or VCO as previously setup by TCsetDCO or TCsetVCO Call this function when you ve finished using the DCO or VCO i TCfreeDCO h hO where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard hO Integer DCO or VCO handle as issued by TCsetDCO or TCsetVCO respectively Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetDCO TCsetVCO enablelnterrupts See Also disablelnterrupts ee S E Page 90 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 10 Digital Input Output Functions 6 6 10 1 Test if Digital I O Chip is Free DlOisAvailable Checks if a particular Digital I O DIO chip is available on a board A DIO chip may not be available for one of two reasons 1 the DIO chip is not provided by the board specified or 2 the DIO chip is being used by some other function i DIOisAvailable h chip where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard chip Integer Address offset of the DIO chip Use one of the following pre defined c
95. put source Selection of the required interrupt source is by means of a jumper in a single position on header J5 and the default factory setting is for PPI X Port C bit 3 PC214E Page 11 AMPLICON p200 SERIES J5 BE EE E E se denotes position gt O Jumper Interrupt Source Position PPI X Port C bit 0 PPI X Port C bit 3 PPI Y Port C bit 0 PPI Y Port C bit 3 Counter timer Z1 OUT1 Reserved oOuahWND Figure 5 Jumper for Interrupt Source Selection 2 6 5 Counter Timer Clock Source Selection The PC214E contains two 82C54 devices each of which provides three independent 16 bit Timer Counters Each timer counter has a clock input a gate input and an output and can be loaded with any 16 bit number from which counting decrements toward zero according to the programmed operating mode Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C54 data sheets in the appendices Selection of the required clock input source for each of the PC214E s three counter timers is by means of a jumper in a single position on headers J2 J3 and J4 for timer counters Z1 Counter 0 Z1 Counter 1 and Z1 Counter 2 respectively Eight sources are available for Z1 Counter 0 and Z1 Counter 1 and four are available for Z1 Counter 2 Only one of these may be selected for each counter The factory default selection for each counter timer is the internal 1MHz clock frequency and Figure 6 Figure
96. r q v Alias Frequency A false lower frequency component that appears in analog signal reconstructed from original data acquired at an insufficient sampling rate Algorithm A set of rules with a finite number of steps for solving a mathematical problem An algorithm can be used as a basis for a computer program Analog to Digital Converter ADC A device for converting an analog voltage to a parallel digital word where the digital output code represents the magnitude of the input signal See Successive Approximation Analog Switch An electronic single pole two way switch capable of handling the full range of analog signal voltage and operating under the control of a logic signal Array Data arranged in single or multidimensional rows and columns ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange A code that is commonly used to represent symbols in computers Assembler A program that converts a list of computer instructions written in a specific assembly language format that can be executed by a specific processor Bandpass Filter A type of electrical filter that allows a band of signals between two set frequencies to pass while attenuating all signal frequencies outside the bandpass range Base Address A unique address set up on an I O card to allow reference by the host computer All registers are located by an offset in relation to the base address BASIC The most common computer language BASIC is an acronym f
97. r reading 1 Null Count Bit 7 State of the addressed counter OUT pin 0 OUT pin is 0 1 OUT pin is 1 PC214E Page 45 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 6 PROGRAMMING THE PC214E The distribution diskette supplied with the PC214E contains a Windows setup program which installs the software onto the user s hard disk drive and creates a new Windows program group containing shortcuts to the executable programs and help files This software includes Executable programs for immediate use Three Windows and three DOS programs ready to run from an icon or the DOS prompt providing examples of programming the PC214E using the Windows DOS library functions Dynamic Link Library DLL for programming Windows 3 11 applications A library of over 40 functions providing easy access to all the features of the PC214E board and also providing implementations of common applications for the PC214E board The functions in the DLL can be accessed by any programming language which supports Windows and uses the defined Windows calling conventions The DLL supports all of the boards in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E series of digital I O boards C Library for programming DOS applications A DOS library providing identical functionality to the Windows DLL is provided which supports the Microsoft C C and Borland C compilers Again this library supports all of the boards in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E series Interface software
98. r status byte See 82C54 data sheet in the appendix for details or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetMode TCsetCount See Also TCgetCount E Page 66 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 4 7 Set Timer Count Value TCsetCount Sends a 16 bit count value to a timer counter i TCsetCount h chip chan count where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 count Long Integer 16 bit Count value Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERRDATA Prior Calls registerBoard TCsetClock TCsetGate TCsetMode See Also TCgetCount PC214E Page 67 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 4 8 Read Timer s current Count Value TCgetCount Latches and reads a timer counter s 16 bit count value using the read back command i TCgetCount h chip chan count where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 count Pointer to Long Pointer
99. rd in the PC214E PC215E PC212E PC218E and PC272E series with the DLL on start up and free that board on exit Section 6 6 describes the library functions available Where arguments to functions are described as pointers the address of a user declared variable is required This is taken care of automatically by Visual Basic because all arguments to the DLL functions are passed by reference unless the ByVal prefix is used on an argument in the function declaration in the DLL s Visual Basic include file DIO_TC BAS For example function TCgetCount requires a pointer to a variable declared as long into which the count value result will be placed A typical VB code example for displaying the Z1 Counter 0 count value would be Dim count As Long declare count as long i TCgetCount h Z1 0 count Textl Text Str count count now contains new value TT PC214E Page 49 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 Wi ndows and DOS Library Functions Details are given of each of the functions provided in the supplied Windows Dynamic Link Library DLL and DOS C Library 6 6 1 Initialisation Functions 6 6 1 1 Register a Board with the Library registerBoard Registers a board with the library This function returns a Board Handle positive integer which must be used in all subsequent calls to library functions for this board No more than eight boards can be registered at any one time i registerBoard model ba irq
100. rnal compilation errors 2 At the beginning of the application program add the following line include DIO_TC H 3 Compile the Microsoft C C DIO_TC library with the following command lines el Mi G DIOTEC C lib DIO_TC LIB DIO_TC OBJ 4 Compile the application program using the large model and linking with the DIO_TC library by typing the following command line cl M1 myprog c link DIO_TC LIB 6 5 Using the Dynamic Link Library 6 5 1 Visual Basic To open one of the Visual Basic example projects provided with the DLL from within Microsoft Visual Basic select File Open Project and select one of the MAK project files provided in the WINDOWS VB subdirectory of the PC214E software directory The project window will now appear on the desktop Double click on any file in the project to view the source code or select Run to run the program To create your own PC214E Visual Basic program from scratch perform the following steps e From within Microsoft Visual Basic select File New Project A new project window will appear into which the standard Visual Basic Control VBX files are automatically loaded Also an empty Form1 design window will appear e Select File Add file and select the following files from the WINDOWS VB subdirectory of the PC214E software directory DIO_TC BAS PC214E DLL declarations and global constants REGISTER FRM Board registration form CONSTANT TXT Visual Basic global consta
101. rns back from the matrix Section 6 6 11 describes functions which allows either PPIX or both PPIX and PPIY to be used as such a device Using only PPIX up to 144 switches can be scanned and using both PPIX and PPIY up to 576 switches can be scanned Group A ports of the 82C55 device s Port A and Port C upper are set for output to send test patterns to the matrix and group B ports Port B and Port C lower are set for input to read the switch status information The user must ensure that the switch matrix is wired as detailed below 1N4448 PPI X AO PPI X A1 etc up to PPI X A7 then C4 to C7 then onto PPI Y and PPI Z etc up to PPI X B7 then CO to C3 then PPI X BO PPIXB1 onto PPI Y and PPI Z Figure 11 Switch Matrix Configuration Function DIOsetSwitchMatrix allows you to setup the matrix specifying the matrix order For the PC214E this can be 12 X 12 or 24 X 24 switches The function also registers the PPIs used as being in use and unavailable for use by other programs Function DiOgetSwitchStatus returns the status of a given switch in the matrix and function DlOfreeSwitchMatrix frees the PPIs so they can be used by other programs when the switch matrix is no longer required PC214E Page 25 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 4 2 12 8 Bit Bi Directional Bus In mode 2 it is possible for an 82C55 PPI device to transfer data in two directions through a single 8 bit port In this mode Port C handles
102. rol logic is reset and OUT goes to a known initial state depending on the mode selected The six counter modes are Mode 0 Interrupt on Terminal Count Mode 1 Hardware Re triggerable One shot Mode 2 Rate Generator Mode 3 Square Wave Mode 4 Software Triggered Mode Mode 5 Hardware Triggered Strobe Re triggerable PC214E Page 43 AMPLICON p200 SERIES BIT ASSIGNMENTS Bit layout of the Z1 counter control word register is shown below Two other commands that can be written to the Control Register are the Counter Latch Command and the Read Back Command The formats for these two commands are also shown below Further information on programming the 82C54 Programmable Counter Timer is given in chapters 4 and 6 A full description of the six operating modes and all other features of the 82C54 are available in the 82C54 device manufacturer s data sheet in the appendices Para Binary or BCD Binary Count 16 Bits BCD Count 4 Digits RWM1 RWMO Read Write Mode CM2 CM1 CMO Count Mode 0 Count Latch Command 1 Low Byte Only 0 High Byte Only 1 0 0 1 1 Low Byte then High Byte SC1 SCO Select Counter or MLC 0 Counter 0 0 Counter 1 r Counter 2 Multiple Latch Command 5 3 13 Z1 Counter Timer Status Register This status register provides the means to interrogate the three sixteen bit counter timers of the 82C54 Z1 An outline of its operation is given here but reference should be made
103. rt a7 s oyr On _ PPIY Port AS PPI Y Port Ad 28 674 ssns PPI Y Port A3 PPI Y Port A2 ga o PLY Port At Par e a Pere PPIYPoRCe E 3 10 oe Priyponca a Ponce 30 O59 PPI Y Port C3 71 50 PPL Port C2 PPI Y Port Ci 631 e70 ___ _ PPIY Port Co PPI Y Port B7 di2 051 OPP Port B6 PPI Y Port BS 632 O71 OPPIY Port B4 PPI Y Port B3 di3 os2 PPL Port B2 PPI Y Port Bi 633 orz OMPI PpIY Port BO 6 I LE 14 053 CtrZ1 CLKO 1 0 C34_ 73 ctrziGao P C15 054 ctrzi OUTO O P g35 O74 Ctr CLK 10 die 655 L MN Ctrz1 OUTI O P AA Oe 36_O75 CirziouTz0P C17 oss and 637 6 t Nwe NC dis 057 ne nc o or nw M 19 058 NC 39 078 NC GND Figure 9 PC214E Input Output Connector Pin Designations All connections of external devices to the PC214E digital I O and counter timer channels are made via a 78 way D connector SK1 The pin designations for SK1 are shown in Figure 9 PC214E Page 15 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S Please note that the counter timer clock input sources are selected by jumpers J2 J3 and J4 for counter timers Z1 Counter 0 Z1 Counter 1 and Z1 Counter 2 respectively If you wish to provide a clock signal from an external source for a particular counter timer the jumper header corresponding to that counter timer must be removed before connecting the external signal to the counter timer s CLOCK I O pin on SK1 Similarly if you se
104. s Specifications of the counter timer input output lines of Z1 Counter 0 Z1 Counter 1 and Z1 Counter 2 are Clock and Gate Inputs Low input voltage 0 Vto 0 5 V High input voltage 2 1 V to 10 V See section 2 6 for more details on the clock and gate input selection The output currents shown below must not be exceeded Outputs Low output voltage 0 3 V max at 5 0 mA High output voltage 3 8 V min at 5 0 mA 3 6 PC Back plane Bus Connections Connections between the host PC AT and the PC214E are through a 62 way and a 36 way edge connector on the PC AT ISA bus The user will not normally require access to this I O connector information but for troubleshooting and diagnostic purposes Figure 10 lists these standard back plane connections The PC214E does not use all of the signals Note Pin B4 is IRQQ which is re directed as IRQ2 Via the computer s second Programmable Interrupt Controller EE ee PC214E Page 17 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S 62 Pin Connector Ground lt B1 Al lt I O CHCK bracket end of board Reset lt B2 A2 lt gt SD7 5 Volts lt B3 A3 lt gt SD6 IRQ2 9 gt B4 A4 lt SD5 5 Volts lt B5 A5 lt gt SD4 DRQ2 gt B6 A6 lt gt SD3 12 Volts lt B7 A7 lt gt SD2 0WS lt gt B8 A8 lt gt SDi C 12 Volts lt B9 A9 lt gt SDO O Ground lt B10 A10 lt 1 O CHRDY M S SMEMW lt B11 A11 lt gt AEN P O SMEMR lt B12 A12 lt gt SA19 O L OW lt gt B13
105. s digital input output products may be configured in a variety of ways to provide flexible expansible systems Five digital input output boards with timer counter facilities are offered These five boards are complemented by four external panels for signal conditioning and user connection through individual terminals Support and demonstration software for all variants is offered A full itemised list of hardware products is shown below and a configurator diagram showing how these products interact is also given To complete the family a common software package supports all digital I O boards and the expansion panels Typical Applications e TTL compatible digital input output e Relay output with isolated contacts high level ground referenced source drivers any combination e Isolated high or low level digital input ground referenced high or low level digital input any combination Interrogation of contact closure matrix up to 1296 points per PC272E Elapsed time period frequency measurement Differential ratiometric count Monostable and astable generation Frequency division frequency multiplication digitally controlled oscillator Voltage controlled oscillator in conjunction with PC226E PC30AT PC26AT or PC27E PC214E Page 1 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 1 2 2 Product List PC218E 18 counters clock gate source PC272E 72 line digital O EX233 Termination distribution panel 78 Terminals 3 x 37 way distribution conne
106. so PC214E Page 57 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 6 6 3 9 Copy a block of Data to an Integer Buffer copyTolntegerBuf Copies a block of integer data to an integer buffer i copyToIntegerBuf b start nItems p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateBuf function Long index of the starting item in the buffer Long number of items to copy Pointer pointer to the beginning of the memory block to copy Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls allocatelntegerBuf See Also freelntegerBuf 6 6 3 10 Copy a block of Data to a Long Integer Buffer copyToLongBuf Copies a block of long integer data to a long integer buffer i copyToLongBuf b start nItems p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateBuf function start Long index of the starting item in the buffer nltems Long number of items to copy p Pointer pointer to the beginning of the memory block to copy Returns Integer OK or ERRBUFFER ERRRANGE ERRDATA Prior Calls allocateLongrBuf See Also freeLongBuf Page 58 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 3 11 Copy a Block of Integer Data from an Integer Buffer copyFromintegerBuf Copies a segment of an integer data buffer to a block of memory i copyFromIntegerBuf b start nIems p where b Integer buffer handle as issued by the allocateBuf function Long index of the starting item in the buffer Long number of items to copy
107. the architecture and functionality of each output is defined by the system designer Handshaking Exchange of predetermined codes and signals between two data devices to establish and control a connection Hardware The visible parts of a computer system such as the circuit boards chassis peripherals cables etc It does not include data or computer programs Hexadecimal Hex A numbering system to the base 16 Input Output I O The process of transferring data from or to a computer system including communication channels operator interface devices or data acquisition and control channels Page 104 PC214E AMPLICON Interface A shared boundary defined by common physical interconnection characteristics signal characteristics and meanings of interchanged signals Interrupt A computer signal indicating that the CPU should suspend its current task to service a designated activity I O Address A method that allows the CPU to distinguish between different boards and I O functions in a system See Base Address Latch A device to store the state of a digital signal until it is changed by another external command signal The action of storing this signal Least Significant Bit LSB In a system in which a numerical magnitude is represented by a series of digits the least significant bit binary digit is the digit that carries the smallest value or weight Linearity Compliance with a straight line law between the input and output of
108. the necessary control signals Port A becomes the 8 bit bi directional port and Port B is free to be programmed with Group B for basic input or basic output operation Please refer to the manufacturer s 82C55 data sheet included in the appendices of this manual for a full description of the bi directional bus operation mode of the 82C55 device Section 6 6 12 describes function D OsetBiDirectionalBus which programs a given PPI chip for this mode of operation The PPI s Port C bit 3 interrupt source is used to generate PC214E interrupts which will occur when either a the device s Output Buffer is empty and ready for another data byte to write to the Port A bus or b the device s Input Buffer contains a data byte received from the Port A bus Two data buffers are required by the function one which contains output data to be sent to Port A byte by byte whenever a write interrupt occurs and another empty buffer into which in coming data will be stored byte by byte whenever a read interrupt occurs Please note that functions enable nterrupts and disableinterrupts must be called to enable and disable these interrupts When configuring the PC214E board for this operation the Port C bit 3 interrupt source of the given PPI must be selected on jumper J5 see section 2 6 4 for more details Care must also be taken when connecting the Port C control signals to other devices on the bi directional bus Page 26 PC214E AMPLICON 5
109. to a variable declared as a long integer into which the result the index of the buffer item to be used on the next relevant interrupt will be stored Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE Prior Calls registerBoard allocatelntegerBuf allocateLongBuf enablelnterrupts See Also disablelnterrupts Page 60 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 4 Timer Counter Functions Please note that if using a PC214E board where timer counter clock and gate connection details are required as function arguments please enter a valid number even though the clock gate selection will not be performed by the software See section 4 USING THE PC214E for details on configuring the PC214E for these functions 6 6 4 1 Test if Timer Counter is free TCisAvailable Checks if a particular timer counter channel is currently available on a board A counter timer may not be available for one of two reasons 1 the counter timer is not provided by the board specified or 2 the counter timer is being used by some other function i TCisAvailable h chip chan where h Integer Board handle as previously issued by the registerBoard function Integer Address offset of the timer counter chip One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan Integer Timer counter channel number within the chip i e 0 1 or 2 Returns Integer 0 Timer counter NOT available 1 Available or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN ERR
110. to the 82C54 device manufacturers data sheets in the appendix before programming of the counter is attempted The Z1 counter Status Register is a READ register The WRITE register at the same location BA 1346 controls the operation of the 82C54 Counter Timer Z1 and issues a Read Back command before the status is interrogated Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title Read 8 bits 82C54 Z1 Counter Timer Z1CTS Status Register Page 44 PC214E AMPLICON FUNCTION When the Read Back Command requests the status of the counters the status register provides the count value programmed mode the current state of the OUT pin and Null Count Flag of the selected counter s Counter Latch Command Read back Command EE 2 2 1 0 LGB EDS Bits 3 to 0 Don tcare Bit 0 0 Bits5and4 0 Bit 1 Select Counter 0 Designates Counter Latch Command Bit 2 Select Counter 1 Bits 7 and 6 Bit 3 Select Counter 2 00 Counter 0 Bit 4 Latch Status of Selected Counter s 01 Counter 1 Bit 5 Latch Count of Selected Counter s 10 Counter 2 Bits 6 and 7 1 11 Read back Command Designates Read back Command BIT ASSIGNMENTS Bit layout of the counter timer status word register is shown below BBR SS OUT Pin Status wal Counter Programmed Null Count Mode Bits 5 0 Counter s programmed Mode exactly as written in the last Mode Control Word Bit 6 State of the addressed counter element 0 Count available fo
111. up two counter timers for a differential count operation If the gate sources specified are both GAT_VCC counting will start immediately Otherwise the user must provide the gate signals or set the gates high by a call to TCsetGate Note that the PC214E does not support software configurable clock and gate settings and the clk1 clk2 gat1 and gat2 arguments will have no effect See section 2 6 5 for details on the clock and gate sources available See section 4 2 1 for more details on the Differential Counter application i TCsetDiffCounters h chipl chanl clkl gati chip2 chan2 clk2 gat2 where h Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function chip1 Integer Address offset of timer counter chip 1 One of the following pre defined constants may be used X1 0 X2 4 Y1 8 Y2 12 Z1 16 Z2 20 chan1 Integer Timer counter 1 channel number within the chip 0 1 or 2 clk1 Integer Timer 1 clock source Use one of the following pre defined constants CLK_CLK 0 CLK chan 1 external i p CLK_10MHZ 1 10 MHz CLK_1MHZ 2 1 MHz CLK_100KHZ 3 100 kHz CLK_10KHZ 4 10 kHz CLK_1KHZ 5 1 kHz CLK_OUTN_1 6 OUT chan 1 1 CLK_EXT 7 EXTCLK chip external i p gati Integer Timer 1 gate source Use one of the following pre defined constants GAT_VCC 0 Enabled GAT_GND 1 Disabled GAT_EXT 2 GAT chan external i p GAT_OUTN_2 3 OUT chan 2 chip2 Integer Address offset of
112. user on connector SK1 as digital I O Register Write and or Register Register Offset Read Width Title 82C55 Programmable Peripheral k ome MEANDAR Interface Y Port C Data Register PRENG FUNCTION The PPI Y Port C Data Register is used to write or read 8 bit data to a port of the 82C55 Programmable Peripheral Interface device The PPI can be configured to operate in several modes Further details may be found by reference to the device manufacturer s 82C55 data sheets in the appendices The eight data bits of port C are split into two groups the upper port C bits 4 to 7 and the lower port C bits 0 to 3 These bits can be data input data output or control nandshake lines according to the PPI mode Mode Port C Upper Port C Lower Mode 0 Input or Output Input or Output Mode 1 Control Data Control Data Mode 2 5 bit Control PC3 to PC7 3 bit Control Data PCO to PC2 With bit 7 Command Select set to 0 any of the eight bits of port C can be set or reset using a single output instruction When port C is being used as status control for port A or port B these bits can be set or reset using the Bit Set Reset operation just as if they were data output ports The modes and programming of PPI operations are outlined in chapters 4 and 6 with the Digital I O connections shown in chapter 3 SSE EEE SS E gt E gt EIhI E gt Eh _ SEBDa9EEECF h hm gt ESSs Page 36 PC214E AMPLICON BIT ASSIGNMENTS The bit layout of the PPI Y
113. ut to send test patterns to the matrix and group B port B and C lower are set for input to read the switch status information back in The user must ensure that the switch array is wired correctly with suitable diodes and resistors otherwise the board could get damaged See section 4 2 11 for details Only one switch matrix implementation is available per board i DIOsetSwitchMatrix h order where h Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Integer Order of the matrix 12 24 or 36 Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE ERRCHAN Prior Calls registerBoard See Also DlOgetSwitchStatus DlOfreeSwitchMatrix E SS S s Page 96 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 11 2 Query Status of a Switch within the Scan Matrix DlIOgetSwitchStatus Queries the status of a particular switch in the switch matrix setup by the DIOsetSwitchMatrix function The grid reference of the switch is given and the function performs a test on that switch and returns 1 for switch on closed or O for switch off open i DIOgetSwitchStatus h xcoord ycoord where Returns Integer or Prior Calls See Also h xcoord ycoord Integer Board handle as issued by function registerBoard Integer X co ordinate of the position of the switch in the matrix origin is at port AO BO of PPIX Valid values should be in the range 0 order as specified in DIOsetSwitchMatrix Integer Y c
114. utput operations through each of the ports A B and C Output data bits are latched and input data follows the signals applied to the I O lines No handshaking is needed PC214E Page 37 AMPLICON p200 SERIES 16 different configurations in mode 0 Two 8 bit ports and two 4 bit ports Inputs are not latched Outputs are latched Mode 1 provides strobed input and output operations with data transferred through port A or B and handshaking through port C Two I O groups Group A also known as Group 0 or Group Group B also known as Group 1 or Group Il Both groups contain an 8 bit port and a 4 bit control data port Both 8 bit data ports can be latched input or latched output Mode 2 provides strobed bi directional operation using port A as the bi directional data bus Port C3 to C7 bits are used for interrupts and handshaking bus flow control similar to mode 1 NOTE Port B and port CO to C2 bits may be defined as mode O or 1 input or output in conjunction with port A in mode 2 e An 8 bit latched bi directional bus port and 5 bit control port e Both input and outputs are latched e An additional 8 bit input or output port with a 3 bit control port Single Bit Set Reset Feature With bit 7 Command Select set to 0 any of the eight bits of port C can be set or reset using a single output instruction This feature reduces the software overhead in control based applications When port C is being used as status control for port A or
115. ve and this MUST BE Z1 Counter 2 on the PC214E The following connections must be made 1 Connect the external TTL signal to SK1 pin 36 with reference to GND on say SK1 pin 56 2 Remove jumper J4 3 Place jumper J2 in position 1 10 MHz 4 Link SK1 pin 54 Z1 OUTO O P to SK1 pin 75 Z1 GAT2 I P For the PC214E the input frequency range supported by TCgetExtFreq is 152 5 kHz to 10 MHz and the input period range supported by TCgetPeriod is 0 1 ns to 6 5 us Frequency Generation In mode 3 the output of the timer counter is a periodic square wave whose frequency is the input clock frequency divided by the programmed counter divide ratio CDR The function TCgenerateFreq described in section 6 6 8 3 calculates the CDR required to generate a specific frequency on a given timer counter Normally the function selects an appropriate input clock frequency but since the PC214E does not support software programmable clock connections the clock input must be set as 1 MHz on the appropriate jumper This imposes a restriction on the available output frequency range for the PC214E to 15 2 Hz to 500 kHz The function TCgenerateAccFreq described in section 6 6 8 4 uses two cascaded timer counters both in mode 3 The flexibility of having two CDRs adds another degree of freedom into the calculation of the CDR values and a more accurate output frequency can be attained To use this function with the PC214E connect the clock jumper of the specified
116. w of eight single pole single throw switches with each up or ON position selecting a logic 1 and each down or OFF position selecting a logic 0 The most significant hex digit of the base address is coded by the four most left switches and the middle hex digit is coded by the four most right switches of SW1 The least significant hex digit is always 0 Figure 3 below shows the factory default setting of 30046 Most significant digit 0011 346 Middle digit 000 016 Least significant Default 016 PC214E Page 9 AMPLICON p200 SERIE S swt sll lle 123 45 6 7 8 800 400 200 100 80 40 20 10 Most Significant Middle Digit Digit Least Significant Default Figure 3 DIL Switch Selection for Base Address 2 6 2 PC I O Map The standard PC AT I O map assignments are listed below I O addresses 00016 to OFFie are reserved for the PC system board use and I O addresses 10016 to 3FF16 are available on the I O channel The installation of the PC214E at a base address that uses unlisted ports may result in conflicting assignments with third party adapters Hex Range Usage Hex Range Usage 1F0 1FF Hard Disc AT 360 36F Network 200 20F Game Control 378 37F Parallel Printer 210 21F Reserved 380 38F SDLC 238 23B Bus Mouse 3A0 3AF SDLC 23C 23F Alt Bus Mouse 3B0 3BB MDA 270 27F Parallel Printer 3BC 3BF Parallel Printer 2B0 2DF EGA 3C0 3CF EGA 2E0 2E7 GPIB AT 3D0 3DF CGA 2E8 2EF Serial Port COM4 3E8 3EF Serial
117. where model Integer Board s model number The following pre defined constants may be used for the boards supported PC214E 214 PC215E 215 PC272E 272 PC212E 212 PC218E 218 ba Integer Board s base address Factory default is 300 hex See section 2 6 1 for details on selecting the board s base address irq Integer Board s Interrupt level Factory default is 5 See section 2 6 3 for details on selecting the board s interrupt level Returns Integer Board handle to be used in all subsequent function calls for that board or ERRSUPPORT ERRBASE ERRIRQ Prior Calls none See Also freeBoard Page 50 PC214E AMPLICON 6 6 1 2 Get the Name of a Board getBoardModel Returns the model name of a registered board i getBoardModel h where h Integer Board s handle as issued by the registerBoard function Returns Integer Board s model number Possible values are 214 Amplicon PC214E 215 Amplicon PC215E 272 Amplicon PC272E 212 Amplicon PC212E 218 Amplicon PC218E or ERRHANDLE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also 6 6 1 3 Un register a Board with the DLL freeBoard Frees a previously registered board from the library s register This board can be re registered by another program i freeBoard h where Integer Board handle as issued by the registerBoard function Returns Integer OK or ERRHANDLE Prior Calls registerBoard See Also TT l PC214E Page 51 AM

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