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1. 208 Slot 208 stks 208 Tape Pool 208 Tar gz 208 Type 1 machine 208 Type 2 machine 209 Validity 209 Voltag 209 221
2. 206 Drivepack 206 File Library 206 Flow 206 inode 206 Interactive Backup 206 Library 206 LUN 207 Multiflow 207 NLSERVD in usr bin
3. 31 I 8 Copy paste with the mouse 31 ARKEIA INITIAL CONFIGURATION 33 I Drives and Devices 33 I 1 Introduction 33 I 2 Drive management screen 33 I 3 NULL drive creation 34 I 3 a What is a NULL drive and what are its uses 34 I 3 b Drive creation NULL drive 34 I 4 Tape drive creation 35 I 4 a What is a tape drive
4. 167 I Encryption Configuration 167 I 1 Introduction 167 I 2 Encryption configuration 167 I 2 a Encryption Type 167 I 2 b Configuration 168 I 2 c Encryption selection 168 I 2 d Encryption key 168 Encryption of a whole tree 168 Encryption of a directory 169 II Users authentication and ROLES
5. 135 Step 4 Full Backup first level creation 135 Step 5 Full Backup second level creation 136 Step 6 Verify the settings 137 216 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 6 c Conclusion 137 RESTORATION 138 I Principles of Restoration 138 I 1 Definition 138 I 2 Arkeia s approach 138 II Restoration Management 139 II 1 The Restoration screen
6. 161 I 2 Procedure 161 II Move the Arkeia backup server to a new machine 162 II 1 Problem definition 162 II 2 Procedure 162 III Removing an installed client 163 III 1 Problem definition 163 III 2 Procedure 163 IV Creating Arkeia users 164 IV 1 Problem definition 164 IV 2 Creating a user
7. 108 PERIODIC BACKUP POLICY 113 I Periodic Backup Proceedings 113 I 1 Introduction 113 I 2 Methodology 113 I 2 a Simple Periodic Backups 114 Tapes 114 Drives 114 Savepack 114 Create a Periodic Backup 114 I 2 b Semi periodic backups
8. 120 II 3 Total Backup on Monday and Incremental Backup from Tuesday to Friday 120 II 3 a Policy definition 120 II 3 b Solution and Analysis 120 Step 1 Tape pools evaluation 121 Step 2 Drivepack selection 121 Step 3 Savepack selection 122 Step 4 Periodic Backup first level creation 122 Step 5 Periodic Backup second level creation 122 Step 6 Verify the settings 123 II 3 c Conclusion 123 II 4 A more complex and complete backup Policy
9. 66 IV 5 Number of drives 67 IV 6 Deleting a Drivepack 68 WHAT TO BACKUP 69 I The Savepack concept 69 I 1 Understanding the issue 69 I 2 Arkeia s approach 69 II Savepack management 70 II 1 Description of the Savepacks management screen 70 II 2 Savepack Creation 70 II 3 Savepack Deletion
10. 17 III 1 a Reliability 17 III 1 b Available disk space 17 III 1 c Backup catalog Index database 17 III 1 d Workload 17 III 1 e IP bandwidth 17 III 1 f ROOT account for installation 18 III 2 Prerequisites 18 III 2 a Drivers 18 210 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Tape devices 18 Libraries and Autoloaders
11. 139 II 2 Select what to restore the Time Navigator 140 II 3 Select a single tree or file 141 II 4 Using the time sliders in the Time Navigator 141 II 5 Modify a path or a name 142 II 6 Paths syntax 142 II 7 Backup information of a file or tree 143 II 8 Applying Redirection 145 Redirection to another directory 145 Redirection to another name 145 Redirection to another machine 145 II 9 Searching a
12. 6 I 1 Who should read this manual 6 I 2 How to use this manual 6 I 2 a Introduction 6 I 2 b What is Arkeia 7 II General Concepts and Features 7 II 1 Concepts 7 II 1 a Architecture 7 II 1 b Structure 7 II 2 Features 8 III Arkeia Overview
13. 203 IV 3 e Reuse of duplicata 204 GLOSSARY 205 arkc 205 ARKPER in usr bin 205 arkrstdb 205 ATAPI 205 Autoloader 205 Control Device 206 daemon 206 Drive
14. 190 II 2 c Now with ARKEIA 191 ARKEIA TOOLS 194 I Extracting data from tape readarkeia 194 I 1 Introduction 194 I 2 Getting readarkeia 194 I 3 Using readarkeia 195 I 3 a List tape s content 195 I 3 b Extract all the files on a tape 195 I 3 c Extract a specific file 195 II Restoring the database arkrstdb
15. 164 IV 2 a The Users Management window 164 IV 2 b User creation 165 IV 2 c User modification 165 IV 2 d User deletion 165 V Setting up the email feature 166 V 1 Problem definition 166 V 2 Procedure 166 V 2 a The Owner email 166 V 2 b Configure the email feature in Backups 166 V 2 c Notifications provided 166 SECURITY IN ARKEIA
16. 50 II 4 Pool deletion 51 II 5 The Pool management window 51 II 6 Thread and tape order 52 II 7 Pool statistics 52 II 8 The Scratch Pool 53 III Tapes 53 III 1 Introduction 53 III 2 The Tapes management screen 54 III 3 Tape creation 54 III 3 a Introduction
17. 9 III 1 Introduction 9 III 2 The backup server module 9 III 3 The client module 9 III 4 The X11 graphical user interface module 10 III 5 The JAVA graphical user interface module 11 III 6 The Arkeia command line Interface module arkc 11 III 7 Installation guide 11 III 8 Package content 12 BEFORE YOU BEGIN 14 I Platform availability 14 I 1 Avai
18. 19 III 2 b Network 19 III 2 c SCSI support in kernel 20 IV Platform Specifics 22 IV 1 General information 22 IV 2 Configuring IPC shared memory and message queue 22 IV 2 a COMPAQ TRUE64 UNIX Digital Unix DEC OSF 22 Changing the settings 23 Viewing IPC and process settings 23 IV 2 b Hewlett Packard HP UX 23 Modifying IPC and process settings 23 Accessing IPC and process settings via the menu
19. 85 II 9 e Command after the backup of a tree 86 Table of backup execution conditions 86 II 9 f Compression 87 II 9 g Encryption 87 II 9 h Follow symbolic links 87 II 9 i Follow file systems 87 II 9 j File systems allowed 87 II 9 k Reset access times 87 II 9 l Find filter 88 II 9 m Inclusion filter 88 II 9 n Exclusion filt
20. 123 II 4 a Policy definition 123 II 4 b Solution and Analysis 124 II 4 c Part one the Yearly backup 124 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 124 Step 2 Drivepack selection 124 Step 3 Savepack selection 125 Step 4 Periodic backup creation 125 Step 5 Verify the settings 125 II 4 d Part two Sensitive machines backup 126 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 126 Step 2 Drivepack selection
21. 156 217 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV 1 Introduction 156 IV 2 How to use Chaining 156 V Configuring compression in Arkeia 157 V 1 Introduction 157 V 2 Compression settings 157 V 2 a Savepacks 157 V 2 b Setting a default compression method for a particular client 157 V 2 c Setting a compression algorithm to a specific file type 158 ARKEIA MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION 161 I How to move the index database to another directory 161 I 1 Problem definition
22. 54 212 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 3 b Standard tape creation 55 III 3 c NULL tape creation 56 III 3 d FILE tape creation 56 III 4 Tape Recycling 57 III 5 How does Arkeia create tape names 57 III 6 Tapes deletion 58 III 7 Modifying tapes the Tape s modification window 59 Authorizations 60 Recycling pool 60 Recycling mode
23. 177 II 3 Error messages 177 LOG MANAGEMENT 179 I The Arkeia Journal 179 I 1 Introduction 179 I 2 The Log Consult screen 179 I 3 Display filter 180 I 4 Change the displayed month 181 II The Backup done screen 182 II 1 Introduction 182 II 2 Checking a specific backup the backup done log screen
24. 94 Total backup 94 Incremental or differential 94 Archive 94 Standard or Continuous 94 I 4 b Tape strategy 94 I 4 c Parallelism 94 I 4 d Use email 94 I 4 e Tag Optional 94 I 5 Monitor the Backup the Backup screen 95 I 6 Specific options of the Backup Screen 95 I 6 a Adding a S
25. 198 In case of error 198 Correct output 199 III 3 c Test 2 199 In case of error 199 Correct output 199 III 3 d Test 3 199 In case of error 199 Correct output 200 III 3 e Test 4 200 In case of error 200 Corr
26. 127 Step 3 Savepack selection 127 Step 4 Sensitive Backup first level creation 127 Step 5 Sensitive Backup second level creation 128 Step 6 Verify the settings 128 II 4 e Conclusion 128 II 5 Two simultaneous Total Backups on two different domains from Monday to Friday 129 II 5 a Policy definition 129 II 5 b Solution and Analysis 129 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 129 Step 2 Drivepack selection 130 Step 3 Savepack selection
27. 77 II 7 f Follow symbolic links 78 II 7 g Follow file systems 78 II 7 h File systems allowed 78 On Unix 78 On Novell Windows 9X ME NT and 2000 78 II 7 i Reset access times 79 II 7 j Find filter 79 213 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 7 k Inclusion filter 79 II 7 l Exclusion filter 79 II 7 m Regular expression
28. 117 II 1 c Conclusion 117 II 2 A Total Backup from Monday to Friday 117 II 2 a Policy definition 117 II 2 b Solution and Analysis 118 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 118 Step 2 Drivepack selection 118 Step 3 Savepack selection 118 Step 4 Periodic Backup first level creation 119 Step 5 Periodic Backup second level creation 119 Step 6 Settings verification 120 215 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 c Conclusion
29. 27 Changing the settings 27 Viewing IPC and process settings 28 ARKEIA S CONVENTIONS 29 I Convention used for commands and keys 29 I 1 Graphical User Interface GUI 29 I 2 Function keys 30 I 3 Keyboard shortcuts 30 I 4 Arrow key 30 I 5 Context sensitive menus 30 I 6 Tool bar buttons 30 I 7 Context sensitive help
30. 170 II 1 3 1 Introduction 170 II 2 Authentication and authorization 170 II 2 a Definition 170 II 2 b Authorization files 170 II 3 Restricting access of a server client to a specific client 171 II 3 a Basics 171 II 3 b Restrict navigation 172 218 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 3 c Forbid access by a specific backup server 172 II 3 d Restrict the access rights to a specific server 172 II 4 Proxy or relation files 172 II 5
31. 24 Changing the settings 25 Viewing IPC and process settings 25 IV 2 c IBM AIX 25 IV 2 d LINUX 25 IV 2 e SGI IRIX 25 Modifying IPC and process settings in kernel 6 4 and lower 25 Changing the settings 26 Viewing IPC and process settings 26 Irix Kernel 6 5 X 27 IV 2 f Sun SOLARIS 27 Modifying IPC and process settings
32. 71 II 4 Adding a tree in the Savepack the Network Navigator 71 II 5 Deleting a tree in a Savepack 73 II 6 Inserting a Savepack in a Savepack 73 II 7 Advanced Savepack options 74 II 7 a Command before backup 75 Table of backup execution conditions 76 II 7 b Command after backup 76 Table of backup execution conditions 76 II 7 c Number of retries 77 II 7 d Compression 77 II 7 e Encryption
33. 207 Periodic Backup 207 Periodicity 207 Random mode 207 220 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual readarkeia 207 Recycle 207 Rewind Device 207 Robot 208 rpm 208 Savepack 208 SCSI
34. 149 II 14 a The administrator 149 II 14 b The operator 149 II 14 c The user 149 TUNING ARKEIA 151 I How to increase performance 151 I 1 Introduction 151 I 2 Performance expectations 151 I 3 Use of multiflows 152 I 3 a Basics 152 I 3 b Parallelism of multiple machines 152 I 3 c Parallelism of a specif
35. 42 Arkeia hosts file 43 II 1 e Setting the NLP_HOSTFILE and NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE 43 Please note 43 II 1 f Syntax of the Arkeia specific hosts file 43 II 1 g NLP_HOSTNAME usage 43 A short configuration example 44 II 1 h Complete configuration example 44 II 2 How to configure Arkeia with a multiple domains network architecture 45 II 3 How to use different TCP ports 46 II 4 How to configure Arkeia to work from behind a firewall 46 II 4 a Introduction 46 II 4 b Standard pro
36. 35 I 4 b Drive creation 35 I 4 c Reading the tape label 36 I 4 d Possible messages 36 I 5 File drive creation 36 211 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 5 a What is a File drive and what are its uses 36 I 5 b Drive creation File drive 37 I 6 Drive deletion 37 I 7 The Library Management Screen 38 I 8 Tape Library creation 38 I 8 a What is a Tape Library 38 I 8
37. 130 Step 4 Domain 1 Full Backup first level creation 130 Step 5 Domain 1 Full Backup second level creation 131 Step 6 Domain 2 Full Backup first level creation 131 Step 7 Domain 2 Full Backup second level creation 132 Step 8 Verify the settings 133 II 5 c Conclusion 133 II 6 A Total backup once a week plus a daily backup of the modified files 134 II 6 a Policy definition 134 II 6 b Solution and Analysis 134 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 134 Step 2 Drivepack selection 135 Step 3 Savepack selection
38. 196 II 1 Introduction 196 II 2 Usage 196 III Testing the connectivity chknlp 197 III 1 Introduction 197 219 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 2 Usage 197 III 3 Nature of the tests 198 III 3 a Test 0 198 In case of error 198 Correct output 198 III 3 b Test 1
39. 114 I 2 c Periodic Backup Assistant 115 I 2 d Tips and techniques 115 II Examples 115 II 1 A complete backup each day 115 II 1 a Policy definition 115 II 1 b Solution and Analysis 115 Step 1 Tape pool evaluation 116 Step 2 Drivepack selection 116 Step 3 Savepack selection 116 Step 4 Periodic Backup creation 116 Step 5 Check the settings
40. 60 Tape access mode 60 Tape assignment pool 61 Comment zone 61 III 8 Detailed tape information the tape screen 62 III 9 Writing the label on a tape 63 III 10 Tape recycling 64 IV Drivepacks 65 IV 1 Description and use 65 IV 2 Description of the Drivepacks screen 65 IV 3 Creating a Drivepack 66 IV 4 Drive Priority
41. 166 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 12 Security in Arkeia I Encryption Configuration I 1 Introduction Some System Administrators may be worried by the regular transfer of critical or confidential data on the network For instance some intruders may try to intercept network packets and use the information uncovered To provide a high level of security even during local transfers and to allow protection for the tape itself Arkeia offers a data encryption feature Files are encrypted on the client during the backup before being sent to the backup server through the network Therefore encryption should be configured on the client side You ll find below the procedure to do this Please note a special license key is necessary to use the encryption feature I 2 Encryption configuration I 2 a Encryption Type Arkeia features two encryption algorithms The choice between these algorithms should be made according to the level of security you need and the CPU time you can afford to encrypt the data on the clients The algorithms are DES BLOWFISH 167 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 2 b Configuration There are two steps in the encryption configuration Though most of the configuration is on the client there is a parameter that must also be set on the backup server Arkeia provides multiple option for the encryption of data For instance you can apply encryption to a whole tree or to a sing
42. 79 II 8 Advanced Tree options screen 81 II 9 Type of Trees 82 TREE 82 OBJECT 83 RAW 83 SAVEPACK 84 II 9 a Multiflow parallel processing on one machine 84 II 9 b Priority 84 II 9 c Chain 85 II 9 d Command before tree backup 85 Table of backup execution conditions
43. etc usr knox obs cryptkey opb see encryption of a directory below usr home usr knox obs orion_key_file Encryption of a directory A Create a key file in the directory with the name cryptkey opb This file contains an encryption key for each type of encryption DES or BLOWFISH which will be used Obviously it is possible to create a key file in each directory with different keys It uses a standard format DES DES Encryption Key FISH Blowfish Encryption Key The local key file cryptkey opb is never backed up This is done to ensure that a backup operator cannot decrypt files inappropriately B If the local cryptkey opb file is empty Arkeia uses the key defined in usr knox obs cryptkey opb to encrypt files of the local directory Example On a machine named Proxima instead of a general encryption we prefer to set a local encryption we want to encrypt the directories home rvdboom and user src We create in home rvdboom directory a file named cryptkey opb with the following parameters FISH 51654dfe21fd53d DES fde45823d6484d while the one in usr src is empty During backup Arkeia will use the cryptkey opb in home rvdboom for the encryption of this directory while it will use the cryptkey opb in usr knox obs for encryption of usr src Please note the encryption of a given directory does not apply to its subdirectories You hav
44. Backup one tape is used per week Since each backup tape should be kept for one month before recycling it a sufficient number of tapes should be added for one month of backup Therefore at least four or five tapes should be created in the tape pool depending on the month In the example on the right six tapes are created in the TOTAL_SENSITIVE tape pool This way we have one spare tape for convenience Finally the tape pool for the daily Incremental backups is created and named INCR_SENSITIVE Incremental backups take less space than a Total backup The Complete existing tapes policy ensure that the tapes will be completely used As in Example 3 we will suppose that only three tapes are necessary Therefore three 3 tapes are created in INCR_SENSITIVE 126 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 2 Drivepack selection Since only one drive is available it is added to the Drivepack which is named ONEDRIVE Step 3 Savepack selection A Savepack is created including all the sensitive machines It is named SENSITIVE Step 4 Sensitive Backup first level creation A Periodic Backup is created and named Sensitive Backup SENSITIVE ONEDRIVE and TOTAL_SENSITIVE are added to this Periodic backup The type of the backup is set to Total the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 1 month The tape policy
45. Machine name path command Table of backup execution conditions Result of command execution Option selection Backup execution OK YES OK YES Failed NO Failed YES 85 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Please note the command can only be executed on a machine where the Arkeia client has been installed Example On a UNIX system On a Windows system II 9 e Command after the backup of a tree A command after backup is a shell script on UNIX based system or a batch file on DOS based system that should be run after the backup The result of the backup may determine the execution of this command if the Execute if savepack backup failed box has been checked see table below The syntax is as follows Machine name path command Table of backup execution conditions Backup execution Selected option Command execution OK YES OK YES Failed NO Failed YES Please note the command can only be executed on a machine where the Arkeia client has been installed Even if you don t backup this client machine a license is needed if a command is entered 86 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Example On a UNIX system On a Windows system II 9 f Compression By default the options are the same as for the Savepack check the option applied to the Savepack II 9 g Encryption By default the options are the same as for the Savepack II 9 h Follow symbolic links By
46. No drive attached 40 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Click on the Attach drive button in the Toolbar of the Drive options window Double click on the File drive you created in Drives Management Confirm the drive attachment by clicking on the checkmark OK button Confirm the library creation by clicking on the checkmark OK button a second time You will also need to configure the tapes available in the library to be able to use it This is described in the following chapter Where to Backup in the Tape creation section I 10 Library deletion Select the drive you want to delete in Library management Click on the Trashcan icon to delete it Confirm the library deletion Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button You will also need to remove the tapes available in the slots to be able to delete the library This is described in the following chapter Where to backup in the Tape deletion section 41 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Specific Configuration II 1 Specific Name Resolution and servers with multiple Network Interface Cards NIC II 1 a Introduction This paragraph explains how to use the NLP_HOSTFILE NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE and NLP_HOSTNAME parameters to configure the Arkeia network architecture These parameters can be used to specify which network interface card should be used if seve
47. User Manual CHAPTER 8 Periodic Backup policy I Periodic Backup Proceedings I 1 Introduction In this section you ll find some advice on how to define a standard periodic backup This section describes a standard way to define and configure a periodic backup policy It also contains several examples to help you achieve an optimum configuration I 2 Methodology There are a few important points in the creation of a Periodic Backup that should be clearly thought out before anything else Once the Policy is put into place it can be difficult to change it you will probably lose the backups already made by any previous policy If you want a complex backup strategy try to divide it into several periodic backups that are more simple and configure these independently Most if not all backup policies simply group daily weekly or monthly backups We will see these first 113 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 2 a Simple Periodic Backups Tapes 1 Evaluate how much data you want to backup and particularly the number of tapes needed for any single type of backup You also have to consider the amount of data that could have changed between two backups in the case of Incremental type backups 2 Then you have to define the schedule of your backup daily weekly monthly yearly 3 Choose a tape policy Always use a new tape or Complete existing tapes 4 Define the Validity of the backup
48. and Advanced tree option to modify the default value The default number of retry is 3 For instance if the value is left 1 that means Arkeia has already restarted 2 times this operation due to connection problems 96 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 7 Connection to backup or restore After closing the backup screen you may reopen it by double clicking on the current backup or restore in the List of jobs field of the main Arkeia window Please note do not pay attention to the message below It is only displayed because the backup process is finished 97 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Periodic backups II 1 Introduction A periodic backup is programmed to start at a specific time and at regular intervals As with the Interactive backup feature a periodic backup is a combination of the three basic elements of a backup operation SAVEPACK the data files directories etc you want to backup DRIVEPACK the list of drives that will be used for the backup POOL the list of tapes available for the backup A fourth element also comes into play in periodic backups PERIODICITY the time interval between two backup executions The unit of each interval may be a day a week a month or a year A periodic backup is configured with a maximum of three levels The first backup level has priority over the second level that has priority over the third Periodic backup manag
49. readarkeia is a small utility that can be used to extract files from a tape created by Arkeia without the need of licenses or even the need to install Arkeia As Arkeia uses a specific format for its backup there may be cases when this extracting utility will be your last chance to get a file back after a crash of your database or in case of errors while writing the tape Of course readarkeia is a very simple tool it doesn t deal with history and rights It is an emergency tool only I 2 Getting readarkeia A binary version of readarkeia is installed in the usr knox bin directory Alternatively a small C source code is written at the beginning of each tape used by Arkeia This is the source code of readarkeia that can be extracted and compiled with any standard C compiler To extract the C code first rewind the tape using the following mt command on the rewindable device defined in the Initial Configuration chapter For example for Linux mt f dev st0 rewind Then extract the C source using the following dd command dd if dev st0 of readarkeia c Then edit the readarkeia c file and delete the first line it is actually the tape label Then replace the very first space character by a character Then compile readarkeia c using the following command cc readarkeia c o readarkeia 194 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 3 Using readarkeia readarkeia is more or less used like a limited tar command I
50. II 2 b Authorization files Authorization files are used on every client machine to restrict user access to the various Arkeia services installed on that client In an environment with multiple backup servers the authorization files can be used to configure client machines in such a way that only specific backup servers can access them The authorization files can also be used to prevent access to the Arkeia services on the client machines and on machines not running Arkeia Each process has an authorization file associated with it Additionally there is an overall authorization file which applies if the individual file is not present The default is to deny all access The files are simple text files with one line per entry Each line specifies the service the access deny value and a list of authorized machines reserved non reserved port requirements and a list of users to which the rule applies Multiple entries are allowed Arkeia scans the file and stops at the first matching entry These files are located in the usr knox nlp directory They are named auth_XXX cfg They are all formatted as follows 170 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual File auth_MDR cfg Authorization file for Knox Arkeia Restoration Agent C KNOX 97 The values in this file are used to allow or deny access to the browser server For every connexion the file is sc
51. Please note the command can only be executed on a machine where the Arkeia client has been installed Even if you don t backup this client machine a license is needed if a command is entered II 7 b Command after backup A command after backup is a shell script on Unix systems or a batch file on DOS based system which should be run on the client machine after the backup The result of the backup may determine the execution of this command if the execute if savepack backup fails box has been checked see table below The syntax is as follows Machine name path command Table of backup execution conditions Backup Results Savepack Option Command execution OK YES OK YES Failed NO Failed YES Please note the command can only be executed on a machine where the Arkeia client has been installed Even if you don t backup this client machine a license is needed if a command is entered 76 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 7 c Number of retries If Arkeia encounters a problem For instance a lost connection during a backup it automatically retries the operation This option specifies the number of retries to be respected The value ranges from 0 to 10 A value of 0 prevents Arkeia from retrying The default value is 3 retries II 7 d Compression Enables Disables compression on the client A drop down menu offers different compression types LZ1 Lempel Ziv the compr
52. Trashcan button called Delete Savepack to delete the savepack Confirm the Savepack deletion To confirm your choices click on the checkmark OK button II 4 Adding a tree in the Savepack the Network Navigator Arkeia offers a powerful utility to select the trees and files you want to include in your Savepacks the Network Navigator It allows you to display all the available machines and to navigate within their tree structures to select the desired items Once you have selected a Savepack click the Navigator button in the Toolbar of the Savepacks management window 71 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The Network Navigator is then displayed on your screen Double click on the appropriate icon to navigate Select the trees you want to backup by clicking on the empty square in front of the icon Selected trees are indicated by filled up squares next to their names You can also navigate back to select other trees or machines Click on the Checkmark button to confirm your choices The selected trees are now added to your Savepack Please note you can add as many trees as you want in your Savepack provided there are no more than 200 clients 72 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 5 Deleting a tree in a Savepack Select the correct Savepack then the tree you want to delete Click on the Trashcan icon called Delete Tree to delete the desired tree
53. User Manual You can list the files saved on that tape by clicking on the Magnifying glass button The Files in tapes window is then displayed on the screen II 14 Who has access to the restore function II 14 a The administrator An Arkeia administrator can restore any file to any machine by default For more information on this subject please refer to chapter 12 Security of this manual II 14 b The operator An operator can restore his or her own files on the machine if he she has been given the rights to do so II 14 c The user A user can restore files if he she has access rights to them for example the user s own files 149 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 150 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 10 Tuning Arkeia I How to increase performance I 1 Introduction As a general rule the only way to maximize performance for a network backup software is to send as much data as fast as possible from the disk drives to the tape drive Particularly the weak spot in a backup chain is often the tape drive if not correctly fed with data it will have to rewind very often and the throughput will plummet Thus the idea is to saturate the SCSI bus to make sure that the tape drive gets all the data it needs to write continuously Even with a Fast Ethernet network with 100Mb s bandwidth meaning 12 5MB s you can t expect a single flow to saturate a 20MB s SCSI bus More
54. List of drives List of drives included in the savepacks those marked with a filled up square next to their names Drive priority Priority of use of the selected drive 65 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV 3 Creating a Drivepack Click the New button in the toolbar of the Drivepack window Enter the name of the Drivepack Enter a comment The owner is the current Arkeia user Select the drives you want to include in this new Drivepack Confirm your choice by clicking on the Checkmark OK button IV 4 Drive Priority When a backup is launched on several drives Arkeia automatically manages the drives that will be used The user may wish to select a particular drive first this is the concept of drive priority In the Drivepacks window select the drivepack Select the appropriate device 66 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Modify the priority of the drive Check that the desired setting appears in the window Confirm your choice by clicking on the checkmark OK button IV 5 Number of drives When a backup is launched on several drives Arkeia automatically manages the drives that will be used The user may wish to select a specific number of drives for a backup Once this is done multiple backups can share the same drivepack In the Drivepacks window select the Drivepack you want to update Select the number of drives in the Savepack used by a si
55. Select the Tape Pool you want to delete in the Pools management screen Click on the Trashcan button to delete Confirm the tape pool deletion Close the dialog box by clicking on the Checkmark OK button II 5 The Pool management window The pool management screen allows you to manage the tapes in a Pool Through this screen you can check to see which tapes are used which tapes will be used in the next backup etc To see the tapes contained in a specific Tape Pool double click on its name in the Pool Management screen or select it and click on the Magnifying glass button 51 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual First column Tape names Second column Free label or thread number Third column Number of the tape in its thread II 6 Thread and tape order In a specific pool for each backup that uses the Always use a new tape strategy at least one thread is created For more information please refer to the Backup chapter If you use more than one drive several threads are created The next tape to be used with the strategy Always use a new tape is the first free tape in the list of tapes Example If in a backup you have the following pool NAME Thread Usage order tape4 free 00001 tape5 free 00002 tape1 001 00001 tape3 001 00002 tape2 002 00001 that means 3 tapes have been used tape1 tape2 and tape3 for two drives or tw
56. The alias file this is another ASCII file which contains the list of names of the components The XXXtar Z file XXX depends on the component name This file contains all the component files in a compressed tar format The uncompress program this program is used by INSTALL to uncompress data 12 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 13 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 2 Before you begin I Platform availability I 1 Available clients and servers Arkeia supports a wide variety of hardware and operating system platforms Additional platforms are added regularly Please refer to the Arkeia web site http www arkeia com for the most latest information and versions OS Version Server Client GUI arkc ORACLE AIX 3 2 YES AIX 4 x YES YES YES S2 BSDi 3 0 4 0 YES DGUX AviiON YES DRSNX 7 ICL Intel x86 YES DRSNX 7 ICL Sparc YES FreeBSD 2 2 6 Intel x86 YES FreeBSD 3 2 Intel x86 YES HP UX 11 YES YES YES YES S2 HP UX 10 YES YES YES YES S2 HP UX 9 YES IRIX 4 YES IRIX 5 3 YES IRIX 6 x YES YES YES YES Linux 2 x Intel x86 YES YES YES YES S1 S2 Linux 2 x MIPS Cobalt YES 14 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual OS Version Server Client GUI arkc ORACLE Linux 2 x Alpha YES Linux 2 x ARM Netwinder YES MaxOS 4 2 MIPS YES MaxOS 4 2 PowerPC YES Novell 4 11 Intel x86 YES DEC Alpha Unix 3 2 YES SCO v5 Intel x86 YES S
57. The interactive backup must be done to a real tape DO NOT use a NULL drivepack 163 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV Creating Arkeia users IV 1 Problem definition By default Arkeia creates a ROOT user who has ADMINISTRATOR privileges meaning he can backup and restore any machine on the Arkeia network However the Administrator may want to create other users with various rights This section shows how to create new accounts Please note the root login does not have a password after the installation has been completed You should always assign a password to this account immediately IV 2 Creating a user IV 2 a The Users Management window To create a new user go into the Users Management window 1 From the main screen click on the Utilities menu then on the Users Management option Name Name of the user Role Role of the user Administrator Operator or User Email Email address of the user for reports List of machines Machines the user has access to for backup and restore List of users Self explanatory 164 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV 2 b User creation In the Users Management window click on the New button Enter the name of the user choose his her Role enter his her email address and select what machines are accessible to him her among the ones who have been backed up Please note you must have ADMINISTRATOR ri
58. button in the Toolbar of the Periodic Backup window 99 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Enter the name of the Periodic Backup Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 4 Setting the standard Periodic Backup options Select the Periodic Backup you want to modify If you want to temporarily disable a Periodic Backup without losing its definition set it to Inactive If you want to change the owner of the backup use the Owner menu If you don t want to get emailed reports as owner of the backup choose the Don t use emails option Select the Savepack that will be saved by this Periodic Backup Choose backup Type Total or Incremental Standard or Continuous 100 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual In the case of an Incremental Backup set the backup used as reference Choose the Tape Pool used for backup and the Tape Strategy used Select the Drivepack used by the backup Set the number of simultaneous flows to be used Set the Validity of the Backup how long the data on the tapes used in the backup is kept before the tapes are recycled Set the Periodicity of the Backup If the backup should be run on a certain day select the reference day of the week of the month or of the year then set the correct day in the field that is then displayed on the right Select the backup starting time with the
59. or tree This information can also be displayed from the Time Navigator Open the Time Navigator and select the file or tree you want to have information on Click on the Magnifying Glass button to open the information screen 143 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The information dialog is then displayed on your screen 144 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 8 Applying Redirection Arkeia allows you to redirect a tree or a file restored to another directory under another name to another machine Everything stated after the path in the first field will be redirected to the directory given in the second field The substitution takes place at character level The syntax is the following for the source and the destination the name of the volume is needed for W95 NT Novell machine volume Example Redirection to another directory The file rs6000 usr bin ls should be restored The file will be restored to rs6000 tmp bin ls Example Redirection to another name The file rs6000 usr bin ls should be restored The file will be restored as rs6000 tmp bin ls back Example Redirection to another machine The file rs6000 usr bin ls should be restored The file will be restored to mars tmp bin ls 145 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 9 Searching a file to restore This feature helps you find files in the database Click on the search files button to open th
60. shows details on the flow I 6 Specific options of the Backup Screen I 6 a Adding a Savepack You can add a Savepack while a backup is running This allows you to interactively modify the list of machines and trees of your current backup Click on the Tree button in the Toolbar of the Backup window 95 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The Select savepack to add window is then displayed on the screen Select the Savepack you want to add to your backup Confirm your choice by clicking on the checkmark OK button I 6 b Tree status This screen displays the status of each tree managed by the current backup Click on the Magnifying Glass button in the Toolbar of the Backup window The Tree Status window is then displayed on the screen Exit this window by clicking on the checkmark OK button Here are the different values of the status as well as a short explanation for each of them Status Explanation Running Arkeia is backing up the tree Waiting There are more trees than flows meaning some operations are waiting for a flow to be freed End of tree The tree is backed up or the machine can t be reached Aborting The backup operation for this tree is being aborted Selected The tree has been selected for a backup operation Retry is the number of retries left for an operation See Advanced savepack option
61. t display the backup server Check that the usr knox nlp admin cfg correctly points to server Restart NLSERVD Be sure you can make an accurate nslookup on the server Navigator doesn t display the clients Check the connection between the server and the clients Check that the file usr knox nlp admin cfg correctly points to the server Restart NLSERVD on both client and server Check that the client is defined in usr knox nlp rhost lst Use usr knox bin chknlp on the client to verify connection Navigator shows duplicate entries Delete any extra entry in usr knox nlp rhost lst Restart NLSERVD Not enough ressources to run Arkeia on Unix OS Check the Advanced Manual section 2 Configuring the backup server Periodic backups don t start CRON is not started or not running ARKPER line missing in Crontab Local time is not set GUI or JUI displays an incorrect time Create a symbolic link to etc localtime in usr lib zoneinfo Create the directory if needed Restart NLSERVD and GUI Periodic backup kill the network functionnalities of the machine Change the Network Adapter STKS does not detect correctly my library under Linux Check dmesg for correct hardware detection Check your proc scsi scsi and verify you have a sgX device Check that your kernel supports Generic SCSI and Probe All LUNs Check that your SCSI BIOS has the Multiple LUNs support enabled and Disconnect Reconnect di
62. Dir2 is launched and the symbolic links are NOT followed Arkeia will save Dir2 its sub directory Dir21 and the fact that there is a link Link1 in the directory Dir21 If the backup of Dir2 is launched and the symbolic links ARE followed Arkeia will save the directory Dir2 its sub directory Dir21 as well as the directory Dir1 and its entire sub directory Dir11 Please note Arkeia does not detect recursive links II 7 g Follow file systems Enables the backup to follow local partitions By default Arkeia follows file systems II 7 h File systems allowed Allows the configuration of the types of file systems to backup On Unix Normal File systems All normal file systems with the exception of CD drives special partitions and NFS All File systems Normal file systems NFS CD ROM All except NFS All the normal file systems including CD ROM but excluding NFS On Novell Windows 9X ME NT and 2000 Normal File systems All file systems with the exception of shared CD ROM drives and network drives All File systems Normal file systems network drives CD ROM All except NFS All the normal file systems including CD ROM but excluding network drives 78 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 7 i Reset access times When Arkeia reads files on the client the system automatically modifies the last access time of the file If y
63. Library creation I 8 a What is a Tape Library A tape library is a robot that can automatically load and unload tapes to from tape drives It s sold as a complete device that include one or more drives a media changer and several slots where tapes are inserted For Arkeia libraries are defined by their logical devices one for each tape drives and one for the media changer The drives in a library are created in the way described above The library itself is created through the Libraries Management screen Check the Before you begin chapter to detect the correct devices for tape drives and medium changer I 8 b Library creation Click on the New button in the Toolbar of the Libraries Management window Give the library a name of your choice 38 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Select the library type from the drop down list Enter the full path to the library device The detection of the correct library device is described in the Before you begin chapter Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button To attach the drives click on the Drive options button in the Toolbar of the Libraries Management window Select one of the drive slot named No drive attached Click on the Attach drive button in the Toolbar of the Drive options window Double click on the drive of the Library you created in Drives Management Confirm the
64. The logs will also be flushed at the time of the backup in order to have logs only since the last backup To backup manually enter the following command SHELL gt mysqldump l q add drop table flush logs database_1 gt xxxxxxxx database_1 date_and_time backup l will lock all the tables in the database q will backup without using buffers add drop table will recreate the tables without obtaining table already exists errors flush logs or F will flush logs file in server before starting dump To restore manually SHELL gt mysql database_1 lt xxxxxxxx database_1 date_and_time backup 190 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 c Now with ARKEIA Create a Savepack that will back up only the directory where MySQL database is located Modify the tree by right clicking on it 191 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Modify the tree The tree is now modified 192 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Open the options of the tree by double clicking on it Change the type to OBJECT and in the field Object backup command add your mysqldump command and in the object restore command add a cat gt mysql databasename Please note If you do a restoration do not forget to apply the last logs since the backup 193 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual APPENDIX D Arkeia Tools I Extracting data from tape readarkeia I 1 Introduction
65. Two drives are added to each Drivepacks These Drivepacks are then named DRIVES_1_2 and DRIVES_3_4 Step 3 Savepack selection One Savepack is created for each domain named DOMAIN_1 and DOMAIN_2 Step 4 Domain 1 Full Backup first level creation A Periodic Backup is created for the first domain appropriately named Domain 1 Full Backup 130 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual DOMAIN_1 DRIVES_1_2 and TOTALPOOL1 are then added to this first level We set the type of the backup to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on the next Monday Step 5 Domain 1 Full Backup second level creation A new level is added to Domain 1 Full Backup DOMAIN_1 DRIVES_1_2 and TOTALPOOL1 are added to this level The backup type is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 day and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start next Tuesday Enabled for instances is selected in the Advanced Options and 1 2 3 4 is added in the field that appears under the drop down menu Step 6 Domain 2 Full Backup first level creation We create our Periodic Backup called Domain 2 Full Backup 131 Arkei
66. automatically to this mode when Arkeia detects it in a library or changer Manually mountable Arkeia will ask the user to insert the tape for all backup and restore operations By default a tape is created in this mode On line The tape is already in the drive accessible for backup and restore operations The tape switches automatically to this mode after a positive tape access Physically damaged The tape has to be switched manually to this mode when the user wishes to declare it physically damaged 60 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Secured in vault The tape has to be switched manually to this mode when the user wishes to declare it secured in vault Tape assignment pool To change the Pool that is assigned to tapes select another Pool from the list Comment zone In this zone you can write a personal note on your tape and backup 61 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 8 Detailed tape information the tape screen This screen is used to display the detailed attributes of a tape Click on the right mouse button and choose Examine current tape or double click on the tape The detailed tape information dialog box is then displayed on your screen Bar code Bar code number or path for File tapes Type Type of tape Media life Number of tape usage Recycling destination Recycling Pool Recycling mode FIFO or LIFO Access Arkeia tape access type Pool Name
67. b Library creation 38 I 9 File library creation 40 I 9 a What is a File library 40 I 9 b Library creation File library 40 I 10 Library deletion 41 II Specific Configuration 42 II 1 Specific Name Resolution and servers with multiple Network Interface Cards NIC 42 II 1 a Introduction 42 II 1 b Client machine configuration 42 II 1 c Arkeia backup server machine configuration 42 II 1 d Hosts file used by Arkeia
68. backup For both domains a Total backup should be made every day from Monday to Friday every week and each backup should be kept for two weeks For the sake of convenience let us assume that each backup fills about one tape and a new tape should be used for each Total backup A library is available which contains four tape drives II 5 b Solution and Analysis We have here two backups like the one detailed in example 2 Since more than one drive is available though both backups can be run at the same time Two identical backups are going to be created a first level weekly backup on Monday and a second level based on it that will run on Tuesday Wednesday Tuesday and Friday A specific tape pool Drivepack and Savepack will be created for each backup Step 1 Tape pool evaluation Two tape pools TOTALPOOL1 and TOTALPOOL2 are created one for each of the weekly backups With the policy defined above five tapes are used per week by each backup As each tape should be kept two weeks before recycling it enough tapes should be defined for two weeks of backup ten 10 tapes should be defined in each tape pool Eleven 11 tapes will be created in each tape pool In this way one spare tape will be available per backup for convenience 129 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 2 Drivepack selection Two Drivepacks should be defined to allow a dual simultaneous backup operation
69. backup network II 5 b Arkeia backup and restore configuration management using the ROLES Administrator An Arkeia Administrator is able to perform all the operations offered by Arkeia backup restore creation and modification of Savepacks Drivepacks Tape pools Libraries other users etc Operator An Operator can backup and restore all machines as an Administrator but he cannot modify Arkeia s configuration An Operator has to be able to backup and restore as needed but he cannot modify the configuration that the Administrator has established User A user can only restore all the files on the machine he she is logged on even root files with the GUI of Arkeia 174 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual APPENDIX A Troubleshooting I Arkeia configuration and usage Issue Possible causes and solutions Arkeia server freeze under Linux kernels 2 2 14 2 2 15 Update to the most recent kernel Can t connect to a client Check the TCP IP connectivity Check if NLSERVD is running on both client and server Check that the 617 port is accessible to Arkeia on both client and server on both directions Can t find library control device under AIX Download Knox the dev pthru0 driver from our website http www arkeia com or install it from the Arkeia s CD Rom Can t log into GUI Check the DNS Ping the Arkeia server from another machine Make sure ping resolves the correct domain name Ping the
70. by lt RESERVED PORT gt is optional Reserved port equals to 1 if the comes from a reserved port else by default 0 HOST_LIST is or a list of hosts separated by USER_LIST is or an optional list of remote user names separated by LOCAL_USER is or the name or uid of a local user LOCAL_GROUP optional is or the name or gid of a local group If the user and or group are not specified on the left hand side any user logging in on the machine will take the uid of the user specified on the right hand side If the user specified on the right hand side is a user logging from the machine specified on the left hand side retains his user name on the local machine All users corresponding to the specification on the left hand side must then have equivalent user names on the local machine Example nobody Means Any user root or standard user from any machine asking for any service on the local machine will execute it as local user nobody ORAS 1 root Means Any user connecting from a reserved port will execute the server ORAS as root on the local machine NOTA In order to call from a reserved port either the remote user is super user uid 0 or the calling program belongs to root and has the setuid bit set RNV ODTS orion vega cassiop guest Means Any user Privileged or not connecting from one of the three host
71. client computers here in after referred to as CLIENTS provided that the terms and conditions of the license are complied with If the SERVER or CLIENT on which the SOFTWARE is operated constitutes a system with several users the LICENSE AGREEMENT shall apply to all such users without incurring additional costs KNOX reserves all rights that are not expressly granted to the LICENSEE 2 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 2 COPYRIGHT The beneficiary of the LICENSE is the owner of the magnetic media or any other type of media on which the SOFTWARE is initially or subsequently recorded or stored However this License is granted on the express condition that KNOX retains copyrights to the SOFTWARE recorded on the original media as well as copyrights to all copies made irrespective of the format and the media of said original media and said copies This LICENSE does not constitute a sale of the original SOFTWARE or of any copy thereof 3 REPRODUCTION RESTRICTIONS This SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials are protected by copyright Unauthorized reproduction of the SOFTWARE including its modification integration or inclusion in another software or of the accompanying written materials is strictly forbidden The LICENSEE is liable to legal sanctions for any copyright infringement caused or prompted by any breach on the part of the LICENSEE of the terms and conditions of this LICENSE AGREEMENT Subject to the above mentio
72. default the options are the same as for the Savepack II 9 i Follow file systems By default the options are the same as for the Savepack II 9 j File systems allowed By default the options are the same as for the Savepack II 9 k Reset access times By default the options are the same as for the Savepack 87 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 9 l Find filter Back up files matching a UNIX find criteria do not type the find command only the arguments Example If you want to back up all files beginning with b or e enter type d o name be II 9 m Inclusion filter Back up only the files matching a regular expression Example If you want to include the a and o files enter type d o name be II 9 n Exclusion filter Back up everything except the files matching a regular expression Example If you want to exclude the a and o files enter type d o name be II 9 o Regular expression Regular expressions can be written as follows Symbol Meaning or use Normal characters Used in a regular expression as is and self explanatory except for the following characters dot asterisk caret dollar sign plus brackets For these characters see the explanations below dot Represents any character except when placed between brackets asterisk Indicates a repetition of
73. of multiple network architecture up to 200 clients simultaneously Parallel usage of multiple tape drives up to 32 tape drives simultaneously Tape index with file history and version information 0 5 of saved data in size Remote administration and operation Sustained throughput of 6 to 60GB hour depending on network Precise restoration complete or selective File search engine Fast file restoration Tape library management up to 10 000 tapes Security features for both access and operation Automatic barcode recognition Client Server architecture Supports for advanced encryption with no loss of throughput Dynamic connection to active tasks 8 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Arkeia Overview III 1 Introduction Arkeia is a centralized backup software designed to handle data on heterogeneous platforms Its exclusive use of on the fly massively parallel backup technology combined with data compression on the client side provides an unrivaled backup throughput while ensuring maximum levels of reliability Typically the average throughput achieved is 1 4 times of the network bandwidth or 70 megabytes MB per minute for a standard Ethernet network sustained throughput over several hours Arkeia consists of the following main function modules The backup server The client module An X11 Interface or a Java User Interface A command line i
74. recycling a large number of tapes is needed for one year of backup 36 tapes at least in the tape pool Forty 40 tapes are created in our YEARPOOL This way four spare tapes are available for convenience Step 2 Drivepack selection Since only one drive is available a Drivepack is created which contains it and is named ONEDRIVE 124 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 3 Savepack selection One Savepack is created including all the computers on the network it is named SAVEYEAR Step 4 Periodic backup creation A Periodic backup is created and named Year Backup SAVEYEAR ONEDRIVE and YEARPOOL are added to this Periodic backup The type of the backup is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 month and the Validity to 1 year The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape The backup is set to start on the 1st day of the current month whatever this day is it will automatically adjusted to the first Saturday by the following option It is then adjusted to a Day of the Week Saturday Step 5 Verify the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above 125 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 4 d Part two Sensitive machines backup Step 1 Tape pool evaluation A tape pool is then created for the monthly Total backups named TOTAL_SENSITIVE For the Total
75. retain the values of the lower level II 6 b Changing a level Select the Periodic Backup on which you want to update Use the and keys to go to the desired level 104 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 6 c Deleting a level Select the Periodic Backup level s which should be deleted Go to the last level of the backup with the buttons Click on the Remove level button Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 7 The Advanced options screen The Advanced options feature allows you to manage the executions of periodic backups and to insert commands before and after backup Each backup level allows the use of advanced options Select the Periodic Backup on which you want to update Go to the desired level of the backup with the buttons Click on the Magnifying Glass button to open the Advanced Option screen 105 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Enabling Management of instances System command A shell script which is executed on the backup server before starting the backup loading tapes or making connections Command before Shell command to be run before the backup on the Backup Server Command after Shell command to be run after the backup on the Backup Server II 7 a Exception occurrences management Select the type of validation By default all occurrences are enabled Always
76. running as root II 3 Restricting access of a server client to a specific client II 3 a Basics Additional security can be implemented by modifying configuration files on the client machine The usr knox nlp auth_XXX cfg can be modified in such way that the client machine will only allow connections from the configured Arkeia backup server This will prevent a random Arkeia backup server from connecting to one of the client machines 171 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 3 b Restrict navigation Change the following on the client machine in the auth_RNV cfg file RNV DENY aaaa bbb ccc RNV ALLOW where aaaa bbb ccc is the fully qualified domain name of the Arkeia backup server machine After you have modified the client machine in this manner you should not be able to use the navigator to see the directory structure on the client machine II 3 c Forbid access by a specific backup server Modify auth_OPBS cfg on the client machine as follows OPBS DENY aaaa bbb ccc OPBS ALLOW Any backup from the aaaa bbb ccc server will fail All other backup servers will have access to the client II 3 d Restrict the access rights to a specific server Conversely the following changes will only grant access to the aaaa bbb ccc server to the client machine OPBS ALLOW aaaa bbb ccc II 4 Proxy or relation files Proxy files are used on each machine running the A
77. tapes and drives to backup all the workstations on his network while keeping the rest to backup the servers data as he has a very large amount of data to be backed up on these servers A professional backup solution should allow the administrator to assign his resources as he sees fit It has to be very flexible and allow multiple configurations I 2 Arkeia s approach Arkeia has a very simple and straightforward approach to this problem It asks you to organize your tapes and drives in Tape Pools and Drivepacks Please Note this is mandatory For instance a tape must be created in a Tape Pool while a drive should be configured in a Drivepack before they can be used for a backup or a restoration operation Basically a pool is a group of tapes that are used together in the same backup strategy In most cases they are of the same type Tapes are always created within a pool In the same way a Drivepack is a group of drives that are used together in the same backup One specific drive can be included in multiple drivepacks according to your backup strategy Tape pools and Drivepacks are a complete part of Arkeia s structure and allow the Administrator to configure precisely how Arkeia is supposed to perform the backups 49 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Tape Pools II 1 Definition and uses A Tape Pool is simply a group of tapes that will be used for backups The administrator can create a single pool or ca
78. that provides support for tape drives and CD ROM drives AUTOLOADER Low end combination tape drive library unit typically holds less than 10 tapes 205 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CONTROL DEVICE Device file that interfaces the operating system to the robot arm of the library unit DAEMON Server processes in UNIX that run in the background until needed by the system These processes work like the Services under Windows DRIVE Actual tape drive or tape drive component of a library unit DRIVEPACK The tape drive or the set of tape drives to be used by a specific Arkeia backup FILE LIBRARY Configuration used to backup files to a disk drive instead of tape cartridge FLOW An individual stream of data that is sent from the client machine to the backup server INODE A special data structure on a disk that maintains the attributes and location of files on the disk on UNIX systems INTERACTIVE BACKUP A non scheduled backup that is launched manually LIBRARY A multi tape storage device that loads and unloads its own tape drive The capacity of a library varies by model and some units can contain hundreds of tape slots and one or more tape drives 206 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual LUN Logical Unit Number allows multiple devices to share one SCSI ID MULTIFLOW Arkeia s ability to correctly manage several data flows from the same machine at the same time NLSERVD IN US
79. the main functions of the current window Move your mouse cursor over a button to see a contextual help tip appear 30 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 7 Context sensitive help Click on the Help button lower right or hit the F1 key to display the help screen Context sensitive help means that you can first click on a zone or a field then click on the HELP button or hit the F1 key to get further information I 8 Copy paste with the mouse You may use the mouse to copy paste in the editing fields With the left mouse button pressed select the text you want to copy To paste the selected text move the mouse pointer to the desired insertion point and press the middle mouse button 31 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 32 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 4 Arkeia Initial Configuration I Drives and Devices I 1 Introduction Defining a device allows Arkeia to obtain the characteristics of a peripheral single tape drive or library and to assign it a logical name The backup peripheral devices must be connected to the backup server They must be declared by specifying the name of the device driver for each one Every tape drive whether a single drive or a drive configured within a library and every loading robot needs a logical input Therefore drives that are physically linked to a robot should be connected logically via Arkeia Please make sure you read and understand
80. this section before proceeding A summary of the possible devices listed by operating systems can be found in chapter 2 Before you begin I 2 Drive management screen From the main screen click on the Devices menu then select the Drives management option You can also use the Drives management button in the Toolbar 33 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Name Name of the drive definition Type Type of device Usage Device operating time Bef clean Time remaining before cleaning of loads Number of times the tapes were loaded Authorizations Actions allowed on the drive read write clean delete drive Rewind device Name of the rewindable device Owner Name of device creator Node Name of backup server to which the drive is connected Content States whether drive is empty or not label displayed Library Name of robot to which drive is connected displayed only if a library is defined Drive num Drive number in the robot displayed only if a library is defined I 3 NULL drive creation I 3 a What is a NULL drive and what are its uses The NULL device type simulates a tape device but data cannot be written to it As a result the restore function is impossible This device allows you to quickly test your backup configuration without using a tape and without updating the Arkeia database Nevertheless connections can still be
81. 0 or n times of the regular expression preceding it plus sign Indicates a repetition of 1 or n times caret Represents the start of a line except when between brackets see below dollar sign Represents the end of a line 88 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Symbol Meaning or use brackets Represent alternatives ab means a or b a z means any ASCII character from a to z If the open bracket is followed immediately by the caret then the alternatives are exclusions if the dash is placed right after the open bracket it represents itself Means except Example Here are a few examples of filters If you wish to exclude all the o and a files the exclusion filter should be stated as follows oa If you wish to exclude all gif and jpg files the exclusion filter should be stated as follows gj ip fg If you wish to qualify this exclusion by including all o and a files in the directory export home dev goodobjects the inclusion filter should be stated as follow export home dev goodobjects ao 89 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Specific examples and cases III 1 How to prevent the backup of a specific directory the OPB_NOBACKUP file You may want to make sure that some of your directories will never be backed up even if they are included in trees selected in savepacks This can be useful fo
82. 183 III Other logs 184 III 1 The Drive log 184 III 2 The Tape log 185 III 3 The Restore log 186 BACKUP OF OPEN SOURCE DATABASES 187 I Important notice to Oracle users 187 II MySQL 187 II 1 How to backup a MySQL database offline 187 II 2 How to backup a MySQL database online 189 II 2 a First method 189 II 2 b Second method
83. 2 b Default Backup speed limitation Usually periodic backups are running during night time It may not be convenient to manually modify the cruise control The easiest way to do this is then to set the SOCK_SPEED preference Add the following preference in the file usr knox arkeia arkeia prf SOCK_SPEED value The value is the number of KB s per drive So if n drives are available this value should be divided by n All the backups will then use this preference You can still use the cruise control from the GUI to change the current speed of a specific backup Example SOCK_SPEED 1024 means a throughput limit of 1024kB s i e 60MB minute 154 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Priority III 1 Introduction Some administrators may want to backup their various trees in a specific order For instance they may want to assign a higher priority to the backup of an heavily used server to make sure it will be backed up during the night and to let the other machines be backed up later during the day if necessary The Priority feature of Savepacks is used for this combined eventually with the Chaining command see the next section for more information on chaining Priority is set between trees saved by the same flow Trees backed up by different flows are saved simultaneously III 2 How to use Priority The use of Priority is extremely simple In the Tree Optio
84. 4 2 User Manual If you run Arkeia server and or client on a machine with multiple NIC please refer to Chapter 4 Arkeia Initial C onfiguration in the Specific Name Resolution and servers with multiple Network Interface cards sect ion for more information If you plan to backup a multi domains network please refer to the Chapter 4 Arkeia Initial Configuration in the How to configure Arkeia with multi domains network architecture section III 2 c SCSI support in kernel You need to make sure that your kernel support the following options SCSI Tape Drive support Generic SCSI support Probe all LUNs support 20 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Figure 2 Correct output of stks 21 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV Platform Specifics IV 1 General information Arkeia uses shared memory and message queuing for inter process communication IPC in order to ease and optimize parallel flow management All the values given are average values which enable Arkeia to function properly in a conventional environment When the backup server is also used as the database server ORACLE the figures should be increased IV 2 Configuring IPC shared memory and message queue IV 2 a COMPAQ TRUE64 UNIX Digital Unix DEC OSF Edit the etc sysconfigtab file cd etc vi sysconfigtab go to the ipc section create it if it does not exist and enter ipc msg max 81
85. 4 2 has two graphical user interfaces XWindow X11 UNIX JAVA for Windows All the screens of Arkeia regardless of the graphical interface used have the same layout A drop down menu bar top of the screen A tool bar icons at the bottom of the screen showing the most commonly used functions Contextual menus different menus appear according to the position of the cursor when it is clicked Help tips appear when the mouse pointer is on an icon Keyboard shortcuts Contextual help button 29 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 2 Function keys Arkeia is fully operational with a mouse or with the keyboard Hit For lt F1 gt Help lt F2 gt Drop down menus lt F3 gt Ends the task being processed Replaces the Quit command I 3 Keyboard shortcuts You can access shortcuts by pressing ALT and a letter For instance ALT B for backup From the navigator you can enter the first letters of the name of a file or directory to jump to that file or directory I 4 Arrow key Use the arrow keys to move forward backward up and down and confirm by pressing the Enter key I 5 Context sensitive menus You can access a context sensitive menu by clicking with the right mouse button This menu will change based on the position of the mouse when you click on the right mouse button I 6 Tool bar buttons The toolbar buttons allows you to access
86. 92 msg mnb 65535 msg mni 64 msg tql 1500 shm max 4194304 shm min 1 shm mni 512 shm seg 512 sem mni 128 sem msl 25 sem opm 10 sem ume 10 sem vmx 32767 sem aem 16384 num of sems 60 max kernel ports 22487 port hash max num 1124350 port reserved max num 22487 set max num 1029 22 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual go to the proc section create it if it does not exist and enter proc max proc per user 64 max threads per user 256 per proc stack size 2097152 max per proc stack size 33554432 per proc data size 134217728 max per proc data size 1073741824 max per proc address space 1073741824 per proc address space 1073741824 Changing the settings Certain setting changes do not need the reboot of the machine to take effect Enter this command instead sbin sysconfigdb s Otherwise restart the machine with this command sbin reboot Viewing IPC and process settings Enter these commands sbin sysconfig q ipc to view ipc configuration sbin sysconfig q proc to view process configuration IV 2 b Hewlett Packard HP UX Modifying IPC and process settings The SAM management tool configures IPCs You may run SAM in text or graphics mode using the command sam 23 Arkei
87. Arkeia server from the Domain name server Make sure ping resolves the correct IP address Make sure the server is correctly defined in the usr knox nlp rhost lst Check the usr knox nlp services file It must include all Arkeia s services Can t start Knox Network Service on Windows NT Make sure you are running at least Windows NT4 SP3 Make sure the installed client is the correct version for Windows NT Server or Workstation Make sure you are logged as Administrator to start the KNS service After a domain change the backups won t start Edit the domain name in usr knox arkeia dbase f3lib libXXXXXXXX lst and usr knox arkeia dbase f3drv drvXXXXXXXX lst Restart NLSERVD 175 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Issue Possible causes and solutions Navigator connection is very slow Check if you have a Multi NIC configuration your NLP_HOSTNAME and your NLP_HOSTFILE on both server and clients Check if you have a Multi NIC configuration your hostfile entries often usr knox nlp hosts cfg on both server and clients Drive is already reserved Delete the PID line in the usr knox arkeia dbase f3drv drvXXXXXXXX of the corresponding drive Close the Arkeia GUI on all machines E mail notification doesn t work Check if sendmail is correctly configured and running Check your e mail address in Utilities Users Management JUI doesn t start Reinstall the Microsoft Virtual Machine and reboot Navigator doesn
88. Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual User Manual 1 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Foreword Thank you for purchasing Arkeia This software should be used in accordance with the terms and conditions of the following License Agreement This License is applied for all the network machines running Arkeia 0 1 KNOX SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT In order to preserve and protect its rights within the framework of currently applicable legislation Knox Software Corp and Knox Software SA hereinafter referred to as KNOX does not sell rights to this SOFTWARE but grants the right to use this SOFTWARE within the terms of this license agreement hereinafter referred to as LICENSE AGREEMENT and expressly retains ownership rights to all KNOX SOFTWARE If you do not agree with all the terms and conditions of this LICENSE AGREEMENT you can obtain a refund by returning the SOFTWARE all its manuals its documentation and the original sealed license envelope in salable condition to the place you obtained them 1 GRANT OF LICENSE In return for payment of LICENSE fees included in the cost of the SOFTWARE and your commitment to comply with the terms and conditions of this LICENSE AGREEMENT as well as the limited warranty attached to KNOX the licenser grants to you the LICENSEE the non exclusive and non transferable right to use the SOFTWARE on a single computer known as the backup server here in after referred to as the SERVER and its associated
89. Backup Assistant One easy way to create a standard Periodic Backup is to use the Periodic Backup Assistant It is an easy to use wizard that will help you set up simple periodic backups asking simple questions about the policy you want You still have to define tape pools drivepacks and savepacks before starting the Assistant 108 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Click the Light Bulb button in the Toolbar of the Periodic Backup window The first screen of the Periodic Backup Assistant is then displayed on the screen Enter a name for your Periodic Backup then click on the Next gt button Select the Savepack to be backed up and the Drivepack to be used Then click on the Next gt button Select the type of Periodic Backup you want to create among the examples provided Then click on the Next gt button 109 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Select the dates and hours when the backup is to be run Then click on the Next gt button Select the time you want to keep each backup tape Then click on the Next gt button Select the Tape Pool that will be used by this Periodic Backup Then click on the Next gt button 110 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The Periodic Backup has been created Click on the Finish button to validate your choices 111 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 112 Arkeia v 4 2
90. Confirm the tree deletion Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark button The selected trees are then deleted from your Savepack II 6 Inserting a Savepack in a Savepack Select the Savepack you want to modify in the Savepacks window 73 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual In the List of trees to backup window click with the right button of your mouse to obtain the contextual menu then choose the Add Savepack option Select the Savepack you d like to add in the menu To confirm your choices click on the Checkmark OK button Please note make sure you never create co dependencies between Savepacks For instance do not create a Savepack A which includes Savepack Z which in turn includes Savepack A creating a codependency loop between the two Savepacks II 7 Advanced Savepack options The following screen enables you to view and modify the backup parameters associated with the entire Savepack All the actions filter compression encryption will apply to all the trees by default To see the properties of a specific Savepack double click on its name in the Savepacks screen or select it and click on the Menu button 74 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Command before Shell command or DOS batch to be run on the Client before the backup Command after Shell command or DOS batch to be run on the Client after the b
91. DDI network Arkeia backup server rs6000 Client machine haley admin cfg rs6000 admin cfg rs6000 NLP_HOSTNAME rs6000 NLP_HOSTNAME haley NLP_HOSTFILE usr knox nlp hosts cfg NLP_HOSTFILE usr knox nlp hosts cfg Its usr knox nlp hosts cfg contains 192 90 6 34 rs6000 192 90 6 44 haley Its usr knox nlp hosts cfg contains 192 90 6 34 rs6000 192 90 6 44 haley II 2 How to configure Arkeia with a multiple domains network architecture By default Arkeia truncates the domain name from each machine s name This can create problems if you plan to backup a network with multiple domain names on a single backup server To solve this issue use the following procedure Add Uncomment the STRIP_DOMAIN parameter in the usr knox nlp nlp cfg file on the backup server as well as on the client machines STRIP_DOMAIN 0 Don t strip domain name Restart NLSERVD on all backup server and client modules NLSERVD restart Use the GUI to open the navigator and check that all the clients appear with a complete domain name Try a small backup including a directory of each client machine 45 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 3 How to use different TCP ports By default Arkeia uses the TCP port 617 However this can create some problems if another process tries to reserve the same port on your client The port used can be modified in the following file usr kn
92. LT2 DST_SLOT 6 ITEM SRC_TPNAME TAPE_DLT3 DST_SLOT 7 Please note each source must be a tape listed in the tpused lst file and each slot must be filled with an empty tape Please note the slot must be labeled as Reserved in Arkeia IV 3 c Force end of tapes It is mandatory to force the end of tape for all the tapes used in duplication This is done in the following way Edit the arkeia dbase f3tape tptypes lst file Add the following entry to the used tape type ITEM USE_CAPACITY YES IV 3 d Duplication start tpdup is started by entering the following command usr knox bin tpdup v lconfig_tpdup 203 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV 3 e Reuse of duplicata To use the duplicated tapes instead of the original ones in case they are corrupted for example just remove the original ones in the graphical interface get them out of the library put the duplicated ones in place and add them through the graphical interface 204 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual APPENDIX E Glossary ARKC Command line interface to Arkeia supports most operations normally done by the GUI interface ARKPER IN USR BIN ARKPER checks the databse to see if a periodic backup should be executed This utility is executed every five minutes by cron ARKRSTDB Utility program used to recreate the index database corresponding to a given tape ATAPI An IDE extension
93. Level 1 one backup per month Level 2 one backup per week Level 3 one backup every day A single level is activated each day The first level is executed before the second which in turn has priority over the third level The higher level sets the number of occurrences or instances of the lower level for example Assuming a level 1 with a monthly interval a level 2 with a weekly interval a level 3 with a daily interval Level 3 will run 6 times per week before level 2 is launched Level 2 itself will run 3 times per month before level 1 is launched The result is a diagram for each level represented as follows Programmed execution diagram without any exceptions Arkeia manages the number of operations and allows the user to invalidate some of these The programmed backups can be illustrated as follows Programmed execution diagram with exceptions In this example backup did not take place on every fourth day level 3 on the third week level 2 103 1 2 3 1 2 3 Levels Intervals Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 6 a Adding a level Select the Periodic Backup to which a level should be added You may add up to two levels to an existing Periodic Backup Click on the Add level button A level is added and Arkeia goes immediately to that level Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button Please note by default the fields in the added level
94. R BIN Shell script to start stop and restart the main Arkeia network daemon nlservd PERIODIC BACKUP A scheduled unattended backup that can be configured three levels deep For example Monthly Weekly and Daily levels PERIODICITY How often a particular backup is scheduled Daily weekly etc RANDOM MODE Setting on a tape library unit allowing the software to select any tape in the library also called SCSI mode READARKEIA A utility program used to extract data directly from an Arkeia data tape RECYCLE Removing all database references to a tape prior to reuse recycle this last operation overwrites all data on a tape REWIND DEVICE Device file that interfaces the operating system to a tape drive 207 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual ROBOT The arm mechanism that moves tapes between the drive and the library slots Also called Medium Changer RPM Red Hat Package Manager a Linux utility used to install uninstall software SAVEPACK The designated files trees or machine s to be archived by a specific Arkeia backup SCSI High speed interface standard for disks tape drives and other peripherals Small Computer Systems Interface SLOT Location of an individual tape within a library STKS Utility used to inventory a library TAPE POOL The designated tapes to be used by a specific Arkeia backup TAR GZ A Tape ARchive file tar that has been compress
95. ROLES management 174 II 5 a Basics 174 II 5 b Arkeia backup and restore configuration management using the ROLES 174 Administrator 174 Operator 174 User 174 TROUBLESHOOTING 175 I Arkeia configuration and usage 175 II Error codes and messages 177 II 1 Introduction 177 II 2 Error Codes
96. Software recommends a minimum of 128 MB of RAM 256 MB of RAM are recommended on large networks II 2 b Network cards As a network based backup solution Arkeia need a top quality Network Interface Card NIC Therefore it is strongly advised to use supported devices from well known manufacturers II 2 c SCSI host adapters Many errors that can be encountered with Arkeia come from the SCSI configuration Please make sure the following items are checked before installing the software It is strongly advised that you plug your tape drive or your library on a separate SCSI adapter Make sure your tape drives are not plugged in the adapter along with hard disk drives or CD ROM drives In any case do not mix SCSI peripherals that are not of the same SCSI generation Your SCSI board BIOS should be configured with the following options Reconnect Disconnect Disable Multiple LUNs support Enabled II 2 d Tape drives Currently Arkeia only supports SCSI tape drives IDE tape drives are not supported Please note some tape drives Travan and others exhibit very poor performance during the restoration operations due to a lack of standard fast positioning features These features exist but are not supported by generic drivers Specific features which are only supported by the drivers supplied by the manufacturer of these drives are not currently supported by Arkeia 16 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Software re
97. This in turn determines the Retention Date of any single tape After this date the tape is automatically recycled 5 Then define the tape pool needed according to the above elements Read the following examples for more information Most of the time try to put more tapes than the minimum needed This will avoid mixing tapes in case a problem appears SCSI errors for instance 6 Remember to create as many tape pools as there are backups to be made taking into account the different validities Drives If you have more than one drive you may want to set apart some drives for specific backups 1 Create a Drivepack and put in all the drives you want to use for the backup you are creating Savepack 1 Create the Savepack you need for your Periodic Backup Create a Periodic Backup 1 Create the new Periodic Backup 2 Choose the Tape Pool Drivepack and Savepack the type of the backup the Tape policy the Validity and Periodicity 3 Choose the date of the first backup and adjust the day if necessary 4 Verify the settings in the Scheduler 5 Congratulations your Periodic Backup is now created I 2 b Semi periodic backups Semi periodic backups have a more complex periodicity the first five days of the week every week on Monday and Tuesday every week etc Mostly those backups fall into two categories 1 Those which have irregular instances like the examples above 2 Those where the type of back
98. We add a level to Full Backup FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and FULLPOOL are added to this new level The type is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 day and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start the next Tuesday Using the Advanced Options Enabled for instances is selected and 1 2 3 4 are added to the field that appears below the drop down box 119 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 6 Settings verification The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 2 c Conclusion As the validity of the backup is two weeks the tape used during the first backup will be automatically recycled two weeks later on Monday the 2nd of October in our example II 3 Total Backup on Monday and Incremental Backup from Tuesday to Friday II 3 a Policy definition A Total backup should be made on Monday an Incremental backup should be made from Tuesday to Friday every week Each Total backup should be kept for two 2 weeks and each Incremental backup for five 5 days For the sake of convenience let us assume that a Total backup fills one tape A new tape should be requested for each Total backup and Incremental backups should complete existing tapes There is one tape drive available II 3 b So
99. Z3 maximum compression ratio slower 157 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual V 2 c Setting a compression algorithm to a specific file type It is possible to configure a client to use a specific algorithm according to the type of file backed up This avoids losing CPU time to process files which are already heavily compressed like JPEG or video files This also enable to select a compression type appropriate to some type of files 158 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Example Exclude compression for mov files but compress txt files using LZW3_3 Add mov to usr knox obs nocompr ext Add txt to usr knox obs lzrw3_3 ext 159 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 160 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 11 Arkeia Management and Administration I How to move the index database to another directory I 1 Problem definition There are some situations when a System Administrator may have to move Arkeia s index database to another directory on the same machine For instance these situations include a full file system reorganization of the tree structure of the backup server etc To move the database is a delicate task as some information is contained and optimized within the software itself to increase its speed it has to be updated with the new Arkeia location to work properly The goal of this section is to provide you with the correct procedure I 2 Procedure Follow the steps of th
100. a on the tapes used After this period no reference of the data is kept in the database and the tape is recycled automatically except for Archive backup Set other parameters as needed Parallelism and comment Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 93 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 4 Specific Options I 4 a Types of Backup Total backup All selected files and directories will be backed up Incremental or differential Incremental backups are based on a previous backup which can be itself a total or incremental backup Arkeia reads the modification date to determine if it should backup a given file Therefore a specific file is backed up if it has been modified since the reference date Archive Total backup with no retention date the tape s will never be recycled automatically Standard or Continuous A continuous backup is a backup that does not stop even once all the machines and trees are backed up A continuous backup keeps on running the drives and tapes are still reserved and can t be used by another backup operation In effect Arkeia is waiting until you add a new Savepack or you cancel the job Click on the Standard icon or on the Continuous icon to change the mode I 4 b Tape strategy Complete existing tapes Backup will place data at the end of the current tape Use new tapes Backup will place data at the start of a new t
101. a v 4 2 User Manual DOMAIN_2 DRIVES_3_4 and TOTALPOOL2 are added to this backup The backup type is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on the next Monday Step 7 Domain 2 Full Backup second level creation A level is added to Domain 2 Full Backup DOMAIN_2 DRIVES_3_4 and TOTALPOOL2 are added to this new level The backup type is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 day and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on the next Tuesday Enabled for instances is selected using the Advanced Options 1 2 3 4 are then added in the field that appears under the drop down box 132 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 8 Verify the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 5 c Conclusion In this example both backups are actually identical They could be completely different while still managed simultaneously For instance one of these backups could have a second level of an Incremental type 133 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 6 A Total backup once a week plus a daily backup of the modified files II 6 a Policy def
102. a v 4 2 User Manual Accessing IPC and process settings via the menu Configuring messages queues Kernel configuration Configurable Parameter msgmap gt 102 msgmax 8192 msgmnb 65535 msgmni 200 msgseg 2048 msgssz 32 msgtql 100 Configuring the semaphores Kernel configuration Configurable Parameter sema 1 semaem 16384 semmap 66 semmni 64 semmns 200 semmnu 30 semume 10 semvmx 32767 Configuring the shared memory segments Kernel configuration Configurable Parameter shmem 1 shmmax 67108864 shmmni 200 shmseg 120 Configuring the number of processes Kernel configuration Configurable Parameter nproc 316 To modify each of these parameters use the menu Kernel configuration Configurable Parameter Action Modify configurable parameter 24 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Changing the settings To have these settings take effect use the menu Action New Kernel The machine will reboot automatically to execute the new kernel Viewing IPC and process settings IPC can be viewed using the SAM management tool You may run SAM in text or graphics mode using the command given here sam IV 2 c IBM AIX There are no specific settings for the AIX system 3 2 and 4 1 IV 2 d LINUX There are no specific settings for Linux IV 2 e SGI IRIX Modifying IPC and p
103. a v 4 2 User Manual Irix Kernel 6 5 X For local backups to run with good performance follow this procedure Change the following parameters in the kernel tcp_recvspace 184320 tcp_sendspace 61440 in the file var sysgen master d bsd or var sysgen mtune kernel It is possible to list and modify dynamically these parameters with the command systune IV 2 f Sun SOLARIS Modifying IPC and process settings If you need to change these values create the file etc system if it does not exist cd etc vi system Insert the following lines if they do not exist to modify the shared memory segments set shmsys shminfo_shmmax 2097152 set shmsys shminfo_shmmin 1 set shmsys shminfo_shmmni 30 set shmsys shminfo_shmseg 100 Insert the following lines if they do not exist to modify the message queues set msgsys msginfo_msgmap 500 New set msgsys msginfo_msgmax 8192 set msgsys msginfo_msgmnb 65536 set msgsys msginfo_msgssz 8 New set msgsys msginfo_msgseg 8192 New set msgsys msginfo_msgmni 100 set msgsys msginfo_msgtql 500 Changing the settings Reboot the machine by entering the command reboot 27 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Viewing IPC and process settings Enter the following command sysdef i 28 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 3 Arkeia s conventions I Convention used for commands and keys I 1 Graphical User Interface GUI Arkeia Version
104. abase Navigator Once a tree is selected the restoration screen displays the tree s selected Files to restore Selected trees or files to be restored Redirection Path for the restoration 139 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 Select what to restore the Time Navigator The Time Navigator also called the Database Navigator is used in the same way as the network navigator It has two additional scroll bars for time navigation To go to this screen from the main screen Server administration click on the Restoration menu then on the Restoration option You can also open the Time Navigator by clicking on the Navigator button in the Restoration screen Use the Time sliders to choose an amount of time between two backup dates or a specific date see below Select the files and directories you want to restore It is possible to select an entire tree if needed Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button Please note when the restoration function has been started and no tree structure has been selected Arkeia automatically runs the restoration navigator otherwise the restoration screen shows the tree structure s already selected 140 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 3 Select a single tree or file An alternative way to path selection is to press the New button of the Restoration screen Enter the tree
105. able to optimize your backup performance I 3 Use of multiflows I 3 a Basics Arkeia s performance is also based in part on the number of simultaneous backup flows that are active at anytime Each flow represents a client machine or a disk drive of a client machines Parallel backup or multiflow increases backup speed and reduces the overall time required to backup a group of networked computers by interleaving the data from several clients disks at the same time This allows for optimum network and tape drive usage even when the client machines are on different network loops and have different speed disk drives The backup can be configured to use one flow per disk drive in the file servers and 1 2 or n flows for the entire group of desktop machines This will backup the file servers very quickly and also backup the desktop pool in a reasonable period of time When there are more clients disks than flows Arkeia uses a round robin strategy which can be modified to complete the backup As one client disk completes its backup the next available client disk is started I 3 b Parallelism of multiple machines By default Arkeia backs up multiple machines using one flow per machine The parallelism is automatically configured and performance is optimum I 3 c Parallelism of a specific machine By default Arkeia uses a sequential procedure to back up the trees selected on a single machine same flow 0 To run parallel bac
106. ackup Number of retries Number of times the backup is restarted in case errors are encountered Compression type Compression requested for this savepack Encryption type Encryption requested for this savepack Follow symbolic links Requests the copy of symbolic links as standard directories or files Follow file systems Type of File Systems allowed Reset access times Reset or not the last access date of each file after a backup Find filter Restrict backup to files matching a UNIX find criteria Inclusion filter Backup only files represented by UNIX regular expressions Exclusion filter Backup all files except those represented by UNIX regular expression These options are explained in the following sections II 7 a Command before backup A command executed before a savepack backup is a shell script on Unix systems or a batch file on DOS based systems which should be run on the client machine before the backup itself This command can be used to determine if the backup must be started To do this check the box Backup savepack if command fails see table below The command must send a return code The syntax is as follows Machine name path command 75 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Table of backup execution conditions Result of Command Savepack Option Backup Execution OK YES OK YES Failed NO Failed YES
107. admin cfg with the correct hostname of your backup server Restart NLSERVD Please insert Tape XXXXX in drive YYY message while the tape is in the drive Check the control device of the library Slot X is not full You have not configured any tape for the slots in Library Management Slot Usage Your library control device is not correct Check kernel logs for the correct control device TO15 protocol error Make sure your Arkeia directory has enough free inodes X You are limited to Y standard machine s Please refer to our web site for the latest information and troubleshooting options Search the offending computer set MDSLOGLEVEL to 60 in usr knox arkeia arkeia prf run a backup grep get_hosts_nonpresents usr knox log mds lg Begining from Arkeia 4 2 7 all machines are listed with their types finding the offending one is therefore easy Check the number of Level 1 licences Commercial UNIX Windows NT Server Novell etc Check for missing entries in the file usr knox nlp rhost lst of the computers you d like to backup Watch for misspelled client names in command before or command after Check for client name changes and disappearances Check for client IP changes and update rhost lst 178 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual APPENDIX B Log Management I The Arkeia Journal I 1 Introduction Arkeia maintains an ASCII file in which a recor
108. ample dev sg0 under Linux Tape devices The tape drive installation is generally straightforward once the kernel is correctly set to support such devices The correct device can be detected using the following mt command and trying to connect to available tape devices mt f tape device status Depending on the Operating System you use the devices can be the following where ranges from 1 to 9 Operating System Tape device AIX dev rmt Digital Unix True64 Unix dev rmt h HP UX v10 dev rmt mb b Berkeley Mode Linux v2 X dev st SGI Irix dev rmt tps d3 Sun Solaris dev rmt hb b Berkeley Mode An example of correct mt output is given below Figure 1 mt correct output 18 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Libraries and Autoloaders Usually the relevant differences for the OS between a library and an autoloader are the following Library Tape drive and medium changer have different SCSI IDs Autoloader Tape drive and medium changer have the same SCSI ID but have different LUNs The tape drives of libraries and autoloaders are defined and detected as standalone tape drives The medium changer is generally a generic SCSI device You need to make sure that your kernel supports generic SCSI devices Furthermore as multiple LUNs can be involved you have to make sure that your kernel probes all LUNs on an SCSI bus Standard Generic SCSI devices for various Op
109. anned sequentially The first line whose left hand side part matches the connection is used for granting or denying access to the server If no line matches the connection access is denied The syntax of this file is SERVER_LIST SERVICE_LIST ALLOW DENY HOST_LIST RESERVED PORT USER_LIST SERVER_LIST is a list of one or more servers separated by SERVICE_LIST is a list of one or more services separated by ALLOW_DENY is ALLOW or DENY HOST_LIST is or a list of one or more hosts separated by RESVPORT optional 1 if connected from a reserved port else 0 USER_LIST is or a list of one ore more remote user names separated by MDR ALLOW Keep this last line otherwise CR LF environnements will fail In this example all users and all hosts have access to MDR whatever the port used to access You normally shouldn t change anything to those files as they are configured for optimal security and use If you restrict some user or machines you may not be able to backup them Multiple entries are allowed Administrators may create their personal configuration totally denying access to some machine if necessary Please note use of a reserved port for the connection means that the connection session must be
110. ape I 4 c Parallelism The number of trees backed up at the same time may be changed By default Arkeia will use the maximum number of flows you have configured I 4 d Use email Arkeia will send you an email report at the end of the backup Arkeia will also send an email if a new tape is needed I 4 e Tag Optional Backup may be tagged to allow incremental backups to use the tag when using arkc the Arkeia command line interface 94 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 5 Monitor the Backup the Backup screen This screen allows you to monitor the backup operation in real time Counter Backup time Server Name of the backup server Savepack Savepack name Drivepack Drivepack name Pool Tape Pool name Cruise Maximum Arkeia throughput Upper gauge Backup or Network Speed Lower gauge Speed of a drive displaying the name of the tape there will be as many gauges as drives used Speed in MB min Click on this button to change the display unit Instant Instant backup speed Average Average backup speed files Number of files saved drive Number of drives used flows Number of flows used Lines under flows Details of each flow current tree backed up instant speed drive used name of the machine backed up and flow number The yellow Magnifying Glass button opens a window that
111. avepack 95 I 6 b Tree status 96 I 7 Connection to backup or restore 97 II Periodic backups 98 214 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 1 Introduction 98 II 2 The Periodic Backup window 99 II 3 Create a Periodic Backup 99 II 4 Setting the standard Periodic Backup options 100 II 5 Periodic Backup deletion 102 II 6 Managing the Periodic Backup levels 102 Programmed execution diagram without an
112. backup administrator setup and operation screens The Tape drive definitions The Tape library definitions The Tape pool definitions The Tape definitions The Savepack definitions logical backup group The Scheduled backup definitions A simplified interface for desktop users who wish to restore their own files The interface for help desk operators to restore user files 10 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 5 The JAVA graphical user interface module This module is another interface between the backup server and the user The interface is a group of JAVA clients compiled for machines running Windows NT 2000 Windows 95 98 and Windows ME It can be fully configured to provide maximum user comfort Its technology has been designed to prevent the excessive use of resources frequently found in Java applications Just as the X11 GUI the Java user interface provides unique functions such as animated icons toolbar context sensitive menus vu meters tips and other functions III 6 The Arkeia command line Interface module arkc The arkc utility is the Arkeia command line interface It manages the Arkeia backup server and supports a large number of operations that are also supported by the graphical interface The arkc command can be included in a script shell and allows you to integrate scheduled actions to from an another system tool III 7 Installation guide A complete installation of Ark
113. cedure 46 II 4 c SSH configuration 47 Short example 47 WHERE TO BACKUP 49 I The Tape Pools and Drivepacks concepts 49 I 1 Understanding the issues 49 I 2 Arkeia s approach 49 II Tape Pools 50 II 1 Definition and uses 50 II 2 The Pools management screen 50 II 3 Pool creation
114. chapter 35 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button I 4 c Reading the tape label This functionality is used to manually read the label of a tape present in a single tape drive Don t use this function if you have a library You can also use this function to validate your rewindable device Select the drive that contains the tape you want to read To read the tape click on the right mouse button and select the drive I 4 d Possible messages The Read Tape option can give the following messages Message Explanation Drive is empty There is no tape in the drive Can t read device There is no label on the tape your device is malfunctioning or your device is not of the correct type Success Unknown TPID in the content zone The tape contains an Arkeia label but this label cannot be found in the database Success tape label in the content The tape contains a label which can be found in the database I 5 File drive creation I 5 a What is a File drive and what are its uses If you plan to make backups to block devices Hard drives Floppy disks Zip disks Jaz and MO disks then you have to create a File drive File drives and tapes are the only way Arkeia can backup on mass storage non tape devices A drive of this type can simulate a real tape drive on block devices The File type tapes need to be defined first in
115. ckup server to a new machine II 1 Problem definition The next step for Administrators can be to upgrade their system to a new backup server In order to get back the complete database follow the procedure below II 2 Procedure Follow this procedure to move the database to another machine 1 On the old backup server stop all Arkeia processes and close the GUI 2 Use full path names for each of these commands 3 On the the old backup server create a tarball from usr knox and all of its subdirectories 4 Make two copies of this tarball for backup 5 On the new backup server expand the tarball created in step 3 into the directory usr knox 6 On the new backup server launch a normal installation 6 a CLIENT installation 6 b SERVER installation 6 c GUI installation 7 Configure the Arkeia clients to work properly with the new backup server 7 a Remove the usr knox nlp rhost lst file 7 b Restart NLSERVD 8 On each client 8 a Modify the administration server name in the file usr knox nlp admin cfg and set the new backup server name 8 b Restart NLSERVD 8 c Check that the clients have correctly declared themselves to the backup server 9 Perform a backup on a NULL device 162 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 10 Set the drive and the library on the new backup server 11 Perform a backup using the tape drive or library 12 Perform the restoration of an old backup Check that you can browse the databa
116. com NLP_TIMEOUT 60 STRIP_DOMAIN 1 Internet address for Licence server jupiter knox com 192 168 8 22 Warning Domainname knox com in host name jupiter knox com discarded HOSTNAME jupiter default value Internet address for local HOST jupiter 192 168 8 22 TEST 1 OK III 3 c Test 2 This test checks that the local daemon or service is running correctly In case of error If this test fails the local daemon or service is not running correctly or does not accept connection to port 617 Restart the daemon with the NLSERVD command or restart the Knox Network Service Correct output gt gt gt Testing local jupiter NLSERVD daemon Message from NLSERVD daemon Test OK TEST 2 OK III 3 d Test 3 This test checks the network addresses of the client and the backup server as seen by each other and compare both In case of error It is quite common to configure the ADMINSERVER as the backup server although this can be configured differently 199 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The host name of the ADMINSERVER on the local machine admin cfg file must be the name of your Arkeia ADMINSERVER The ADMINSERVER is typically the backup server If the ADMINSERVER s IP address on the local machine is different than the ADMINSERVER s true IP address check the IP address of the ADMINSERVER on both machines If you ping the ADMINSERVER when logged onto the local machine you shou
117. control backup order with Priority setting Command before Shell command or DOS batch executed on the Client before the backup Command after Shell command or DOS batch executed on the Client after the backup Number of retries Number of times the backup is restarted in case errors are encountered Compression type Compression type applied to this savepack Encryption type Encryption type applied to this savepack Follow symbolic links Configures the inclusion of symbolic links as standard directories or files File systems allowed Type of file systems saved Reset access times Resets or not the last access date of each file after a backup Find filter Restricts backup to files matching a UNIX find criteria Inclusion filter Backup only files represented by a regular expression Exclusion filter Backs up all files except those represented by a regular expression Most of those options are set by default to the same settings of the Savepack in which the tree is included You can change them individually if needed The specific options are detailed below 81 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 9 Type of Trees This option enables you to choose the type of tree you wish to back up The main practical applications is the back up of databases TABLESPACE in RAW mode and special files The different types are Tree Object Ra
118. d is kept of all operations carried out KNOX arkeia arkeia jnl Arkeia version 4 0 KNOX arkeia arkeia jl2 Arkeia version 4 2 This file can be filtered by using different menus of the graphical interface so that only certain sections are shown backup restoration and tape labeling By default the user has access to the log file for the current month At the end of each month the log file is copied and kept for one year unless overwritten I 2 The Log Consult screen From the main screen click on the Utilities menu then on the Log Management option and finally on the Log Consult menu item 179 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Arkeia then displays the requested log You ll find below a short description of the graphical conventions used in the log A GREEN square means an INFORMATION tree backup A YELLOW square is a WARNING start end of backup A RED square indicates an ERROR no tape no network connection I 3 Display filter It is possible to display only Error Warning or Information messages by selecting or not the relevant buttons and then clicking on the Checkmark OK button 180 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual If all buttons are selected the screen displaying the log looks like this With only the Error button selected the log display is similar to this screen shot I 4 Change the displayed month It is possible to
119. display other months than the current one To do this click on the Available logs button 181 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The Available logs window is then displayed on the screen Select the desired month and confirm your choice by clicking on the Checkmark OK button II The Backup done screen II 1 Introduction This is a display configuration of the Journal to include only the information on the successful backups To go to the logs from the main screen click on the menu Utilities then on the Log management option and finally on the Backup done menu item You can also use the Magnifying glass button in the main Arkeia window 182 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The Backup Done screen is then displayed on the screen II 2 Checking a specific backup the backup done log screen In the Backup done screen double click on the wanted backup or select it and click on the Journal button The Backup done log screen opens It is indentical to the Log Consult screen Double click on a line to display it fully in a dialog box Please note the Backup Done Log can use the same display filters as the Log Consult window 183 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Other logs III 1 The Drive log This log contains the tasks completed by drives over a period of one month To go to this
120. drive attachment by clicking on the Checkmark OK button Confirm the library creation by clicking again on the Checkmark OK button You will also need to configure the tapes available in the library slots to be able to use your library This is described in the following Where to backup chapter in the Configure a tape library section 39 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 9 File library creation I 9 a What is a File library A File drive can only be used when attached to a pseudo library This is actually convenient since it is possible in this way to simply add a File drive to a File library if there is not enough space to complete a backup operation The creation of such a library proceeds exactly like a tape library creation using File drives and tapes Make sure you already have created the File tapes see the Where to backup chapter and the File drive before creating your File library I 9 b Library creation File library Click on the New button in the Toolbar of the Libraries Management window Give the library a name of your choice Select for the library the File type from the drop down menu Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button To attach a File drive to the File library click the Drive options icon in the Toolbar of the Libraries Management window Select one of the drive slots labeled
121. e Search files screen Start of search Tree to start search Criterias Search criteria name strings in name etc II 9 a Search criteria Filename matching exactly The search keyword must be a complete file name or directory name respect lowercase and uppercase Filename containing The keyword must exist in the file name or directory name Keyword Filename ending by The keyword must exist at the end of the file name or directory name Keyword Filename starting with The keyword must exist at the beginning of the file name or directory name Keyword When a file or directory is found Arkeia adds it in the restoration screen list or selects the file if the navigator is open 146 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 10 The Restoration monitor This screen allows you to monitor the restore function in real time A dynamic events log provides information on the files being restored and the problems encountered As with backup you can stop the Arkeia interface without interrupting the restoration in progress and restart the interface at any time without having any influence on the operation s in progress Several restorations and backups can take place at the same time A restoration must be launched to go to this screen from the main screen Server administration II 11 Index browser The index browser is the consultation mode for restoration You can directly start it
122. e procedure below to move the database to another location 1 Stop all Arkeia processes and close the graphical interface if it it is currently opened Stop MDL if necessary 2 Use full path names for each of the commands below 3 Create a tarball of usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree and all of its subdirectories 4 Make two copies of this tarball for backup 5 On a different disk drive create a new directory for instance u5 arkeia o3dbtree 6 In this directory create an empty OPB_NOBACKUP file 7 Rename usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree in usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree old 161 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 8 Create a symbolic link to u5 arkeia o3dbtree new directory from usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree old directory 9 Expand the tarball created in step 3 into u5 arkeia o3dbtree 10 List the contents of usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree and u5 arkeia o3dbtree directories the results should be the same If not please check the steps listed above 11 Create a TEST file in your home directory 12 Start Arkeia and perform a small interactive backup of the TEST file in your home directory 13 Delete the TEST file you just backed up 14 Restore the TEST file to verify that restore works 15 You can now perform regular backups and delete the usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree old directory Alternatively you may want to wait until the next Total backup to perform this last step II Move the Arkeia ba
123. e to encrypt whole tree structures to apply a uniform encryption to a directory and all its subdirectories 169 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Users authentication and ROLES II 1 3 1 Introduction A backup software should apply security rules to avoid the manipulation of sensitive files by unauthorized users It must be possible to tell which user can backup or restore which file However this must be kept simple enough so that an Administrator can backup a whole network while he she may not have access as a user to all machines This chapter provides an overview of the security features built into Arkeia which control and prevent unauthorized use of the software and access to different machines in an Arkeia configuration II 2 Authentication and authorization II 2 a Definition The Arkeia login process needs to be carefully controlled in order to maintain overall system security Arkeia has a number of built in features to maintain this security Arkeia is able to monitor and control the origin of any incoming requests before providing any services The policy for Arkeia to provide or deny access is based on access control lists Security in Arkeia is based on various types of files which define authorized users file access rights accessible services and eventually user impersonation auth cfg files service execution authorization proxy cfg files file access rights Role management secure product access
124. ect output 201 IV Duplicate a tape tpdup 202 IV 1 Introduction 202 IV 2 Requirements 202 IV 3 Installation and use of tpdup 202 IV 3 a Installation 202 IV 3 b Configuration and usage 202 drv lst 202 tpclone lst 203 IV 3 c Force end of tapes 203 IV 3 d Duplication start
125. ed using gzip TYPE 1 MACHINE Type 1 refers to the operating system configuration Type 1 systems include UNIX machines running AIX Drsnx7 IRIS IRIX HP UX SCO SunOS Solaris Maxion OSF Unixware Novell Windows NT Server and Windows NT Workstation on an Alpha platform 208 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual TYPE 2 MACHINE Type 2 refers to the operating system configuration running BSD Linux Windows 95 98 ME Win NT 4 0 Workstation and Windows 2000 VALIDITY The period of time tape indexes are maintained in the Arkeia database Also referred to as retention period VOLTAG Bar code tape label information assigned to tapes either manually or automatically The library unit must have a barcode reader to be able to use voltags Voltag Volume Tag 209 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 2 0 1 KNOX SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT 2 0 2 WARRANTY 4 INTRODUCTION 6 I About this manual
126. eia By default name resolution is based on the local system configuration Generally the resolution is done with 1 The local host file etc hosts 2 The DNS Domain name server Check etc nsswitch conf and on Linux etc hosts cfg to check the order used by your backup server 42 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Arkeia hosts file You can set a specific Arkeia name resolution configuration Two different methods are possible 1 Arkeia will use a specific hosts file first In this case you need to set the NLP_HOSTFILE preference see below This file like most hosts file contains links between machine names and IP addresses If a machine can t be found Arkeia looks for the local system resolution 2 Arkeia will use ONLY its own host file If the search fails then network connection is aborted To set this you have to add NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE parameter II 1 e Setting the NLP_HOSTFILE and NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE On the Arkeia backup server and or Arkeia client s you must configure the NLP_HOSTFILE variable with the name of the Arkeia hosts file for example usr knox nlp hosts cfg in the following file usr knox nlp nlp cfg Example NLP_HOSTFILE usr knox nlp hosts cfg Arkeia will search the addresses entered in the NLP_HOSTFILE first and then if it cannot find the machine in question it will request the local system name resolution configuration To exclusively use the NLP_HOSTFILE hosts you mu
127. eia contains One or more backup servers One or more clients One or more user interfaces This section describes machines that operate simultaneously as backup servers and management servers using the X11 interface Arkeia has been designed to manage several backup servers on the same network The operation of these servers can be controlled through several interfaces Usually a client should also be installed on the backup or management server these servers should also be backed up Follow these steps to perform installation Install the client on a machine Install the backup server on the same machine Install the user interface on the backup server Configure the backup server system settings Run Arkeia configure the NULL drive and run a local backup test Install the other clients Test the installation thoroughly access to clients and devices Configure the software for its standard operation and backup procedure 11 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The installation and configuration procedures for a network composed of five machines will take about one hour This presupposes a properly managed TCP IP network coherent IP names and addresses standard drives and libraries The installer must also know the root user password on all the machines to be able to send files via ftp or rcp and to be able to connect using remote facilities via telnet or rl
128. emain valid until its cancellation and shall be canceled as a right without prior notice by KNOX should the LICENSEE fail to comply with the terms and conditions of this LICENSE AGREEMENT In the event of cancellation the LICENSEE shall immediately destroy all written materials and all copies of the SOFTWARE including modified copies where appropriate 7 MISCELLANEOUS This LICENSE AGREEMENT is governed by the laws of the State of California USA if the LICENSEE acquired the SOFTWARE in the USA with respect to KNOX their successors and assigns This LICENSE AGREEMENT is governed by the laws of the country of France if the LICENSEE acquired the SOFTWARE in any country except the USA with respect to KNOX their successors and assigns If you would like further information on this LICENSE AGREEMENT please write to KNOX SOFTWARE Corp 1901 Camino Vida Roble Suite 200 Carlsbad CA 92008 USA 3 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 0 2 WARRANTY KNOX warrants its SOFTWARE for a period of ninety 90 days as of the date of delivery thereof This warranty also includes reconditioning or replacing SOFTWARE media KNOX does not warrant and does not enter into any commitments regarding the content of the documentation and the software KNOX further disclaims any implicit warranties tied to the sale of the right to use license of this SOFTWARE with respect to its quality its results its merchantability or its suitability for a partic
129. enabled By default scheduled backup operations are always executed by Arkeia when their due date time are reached This is equivalent to the Always enabled option that is visible in the screen shot above However it is also possible to configure the execution of these scheduled instances By choosing which scheduled execution should be carried out which is the equivalent of the option Enabled for instances in the screen shot above By choosing which scheduled execution should NOT be carried out option Enabled except for instances above Configure the occurrences which should or should not take place separated by spaces In this example only the second and the fourth occurrence of the level 2 backup will not take place 106 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Please note instances can only be modified on Level 2 or Level 3 You have to create a backup with multiple levels if you d like to disable some instances Example You want to create a backup that will only run on Mondays and Fridays Create a Weekly Level 1 backup that run on Monday Then add a new level The Level 2 backup that start on Tuesday is a daily backup which should be configured to execute on Fridays As Friday is the 4t h occurence of the Level 2 backup since Tuesday we set the Enabling parameter to Enabled for instances the instance being 4 Friday II 7 b System command The user has the po
130. er 88 II 9 o Regular expression 88 III Specific examples and cases 90 III 1 How to prevent the backup of a specific directory the OPB_NOBACKUP file 90 BACKUPS 91 I Interactive backups 91 I 1 Introduction 91 I 2 The Interactive backup screen 92 I 3 Starting an Interactive Backup 93 I 4 Specific Options 94 I 4 a Types of Backup
131. erating Systems are where is a value from 1 to 9 Operating System Medium changer device control device AIX dev pthru provided by Knox Software Digital Unix True64 Unix dev b t l b bus t target ID l lun HP UX dev scsi or dev scsi c t d c instance t target ID d lun Linux v2 X dev sg SGI Irix dev rmt tps d3 Sun Solaris dev rsst provided by Knox Software The correct device can be detected using the stks command provided with Arkeia and trying with available control devices stks v d control device i You ll find an example of a correct stks output on the next page It s essential that the inquiry type is 8 in the first part of the output and that the s_getstkcap shows the correct number of slots drives and medium changers See next page for correct output A correct output must also show one ITEM entry for each slot drive and medium changer There must not be any SENSE keys otherwise it means either a firmware issue or a SCSI problem III 2 b Network As a network backup solution it is obvious that Arkeia can only run properly on a well configured TCP IP network Check your network verify its IP addresses and machine names entries in the file etc hosts and in DNS Ping back and forth all machines from the future backup server on both IP addresses and domain names Make sure you obtain a correct IP and name resolution 19 Arkeia v
132. eriodic Backup creation A Periodic Backup is created named Full Backup 116 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual To this backup we add FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and FULLPOOL The Periodicity is set to 1 day and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start next Monday Step 5 Check the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 1 c Conclusion As the validity of the backup is two 2 weeks the tape used during the first backup will be automatically recycled on Monday the 15th II 2 A Total Backup from Monday to Friday II 2 a Policy definition A Total backup should be done everyday from Monday to Friday every week and each backup should be kept for two weeks For the sake of convenience let s admit that each backup requires one tape and that a new tape should be used for each backup There is one tape drive available 117 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 b Solution and Analysis This example is a little bit more complicated than the first one we have seen This is a typical semi periodic backup Two levels of backup are needed here to disable some executions of the daily backup enabling or disabling periodic execution requires two levels of backup In the following steps a first level weekly backup is going to be c
133. es Exceptions ex backup on three non consecutive days over seven days for example Before and after backup commands The setting change for a specific day of the week month or year It is also possible to run a backup every third day of the month or every Tuesday 98 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 The Periodic Backup window This screen allows you to define your periodic backups From the main screen click on the Backup menu then select the Periodic Backup option Or click on the Clock button in the Toolbar Status Enables or disables the backup Owner Owner of the Backup Levels Number of levels of the backup E mails Use emails to warn the backup owner Savepack Savepack to be backed up Type Type of Backup Total Incremental or Archive You can also select Standard backup or Continuous Pool Tape Pool used to backup Also set the Tape Strategy Drivepack Drivepack used for backup Parallelism The number of flows used for the current backup Validity Validity of the backup Determines the date at which the backup tape will be recycled Periodicity Periodicity of the backup Adjust to Adjust the backup date to a certain day of the week month or year Start at Backup start hour First Backup Date of the first backup II 3 Create a Periodic Backup Click the New
134. ession speed is faster but the compression level is low Best suited to computers with slow CPUs LZ3_3 the compression speed is slower but the compression obtained is better and results in smaller files LZ1 or LZ3_3 Arkeia determines the compression used according to a preference file by default LZ1 that must be present on the client itself Only LZ1 Arkeia uses only in LZ1 Only LZ3_3 Arkeia uses only in LZ3_3 No compression Arkeia does not compress data II 7 e Encryption Enables Disables data encryption Encryption is done on the client A drop down menu offers different types of encryption DES for a very good level of security DES size 56 bits Blowfish for fast simple encryption DES or Blowfish Arkeia determines the encryption to be used according to a preference file that must be present on the client itself Only DES Arkeia uses only DES Only Blowfish Arkeia uses only Blowfish No encryption Arkeia will not use any encryption Please note you can find more information on the encryption functions of Arkeia in Chapter 12 of this manual Security in Arkeia 77 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 7 f Follow symbolic links Enables the backup to follow Unix symbolic links By default Arkeia follows the symbolic links Example If we have 4 directories Dir1 Dir1 Dir11 Dir2 Dir2 Dir21 and a symbolic link Link1 to Dir1 in Dir21 If the backup of
135. established between clients and server like in a real backup Thus it is a good test of network configuration On Unix systems the control device is dev null Please note When using a NULL type we recommend that you configure it for Write and Delete authorizations only I 3 b Drive creation NULL drive Click the New button in the Toolbar of the Drives Management window Give the drive a name of your choice 34 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Select the drive type NULL in the drop down list Set the authorizations on this drive Please note this is usually done automatically Enter the full path to the NULL driver Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button I 4 Tape drive creation I 4 a What is a tape drive As previously stated you need to configure a separate tape drive in Arkeia for each tape drive that you plan to use for your backups Please refer to the Before you begin section to learn how to detect the correct devices for your drives I 4 b Drive creation Click the New icon in the Toolbar of the Drives Management window Give the drive a name of your choice Select the drive type from the list Set the authorizations on this drive Please note this is usually done automatically Enter the full path to the driver The detection of the correct tape device is described in the Before you begin
136. eted from the list of Savepacks the message displayed is UNKNOWN II 5 Modify a path or a name You can modify a selected path or name for restoration Select the path you want to change Click on the Pen button to modify the path Modify the path Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 6 Paths syntax The standard syntax of trees in Arkeia is the following Machine name Path It uses the UNIX slash separators Windows Paths have to include the letter of the disk c d etc Example mars usr home unix silos c windows tmp windows 142 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 7 Backup information of a file or tree It is possible for each file you want to restore to know which backup operation s saved that file on what date to what tape etc To do this use the following procedure Select the file or tree you want to display information on Click on the Magnifying Glass button to open the information screen Name Name of the file or tree Type Type of data file tree Size Size of the file or tree Date Date of last modification on the host machine Label Label of the tape on which the selected version of the file or tree is recorded From To Segments of the tape on which the file or tree are saved List of Backups List of the backups that include a version of the file
137. etwork once per month with a new tape for each backup and the backup should be kept for a whole year Once per week a Total backup should be made of the most important machines and directories This backup should take place on a Monday with a new tape for each backup and the data of this backup should be kept for one month An Incremental backup should be made every day Tuesday to Friday which completes the existing tape and the data saved by this backup should be kept for one week We will suppose that the Complete Backup will take three tapes while the backup of the most sensitive machines requires only one tape One tape drive is available for all these operations 123 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 4 b Solution and Analysis The above backup policy is a perfect example of a policy that actually needs two distinct periodic backups 1 A monthly backup with a Validity of a Year 2 A first level weekly Total backup on Monday with a Validity of a Month and a 2nd level of Incremental type based on it that will run on Tuesday Wednesday Thursday and Friday with a Week Validity as in Example 3 II 4 c Part one the Yearly backup Step 1 Tape pool evaluation First the tape pool for the yearly Total backups is created with a name of YEARPOOL With this policy twelve backups are made per year Since each backup tape should be kept for one year before
138. f the Savepack and will be restarted just after the Savepack has been backed up Please note the command before and command after may vary depending on your OS Refer to your MySQL documentation to check II 2 How to backup a MySQL database online II 2 a First method Create a script like the one below and place it in the command before field in the options of the tree included in the Savepack you backup Have a look at the offline mode SHELL gt mysqldump l q T xxxxxxxx database_1 database_1 l will lock all the tables in the database q will backup without using buffers xxxxxxxx database_1 must be an existing directory This way your are sure to have a consistent export of your data before backing it up 189 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 b Second method First of all your database must be in the mode log update Please note to do this stop mysqld if it is running then restart it with the log update option You will get log files named hostname n where n is a number that is incremented every time you execute mysqladmin refresh or mysqladmin flush logs the FLUSH LOGS statement or restart the server These log files provide the information you need to replicate the changes made to the database after the execution of mysqldump A dump of the database will be done to a file rather than in a directory
139. fied on the NLP_HOSTNAME parameter are identical then the IP addresses can be different A short configuration example The hostname command returns the host portion of the fully qualified name exactly as specified in the etc hosts file The table below shows the possible scenarios based on the comparison of the gethostname and the NLP_HOSTNAME hostname gethostname NLP_HOSTNAME Comparison Possible actions hp67 hp67 hp67 Identical Different IP addresses are possible hp67 hp67 HP67 Different Same IP addresses are mandatory HP67 hp67 hp67 Identical Different IP addresses are possible HP67 hp67 HP67 Different Same IP addresses are mandatory II 1 h Complete configuration example The following example shows how to select a specific NIC when a machine has 2 NICs This example uses a LAN which contains two machines each machine being equipped with 2 cards One card is a standard 10 BaseT and the other is a FDDI Arkeia backup server rs6000 Client machine haley hostname rs6000 hostname haley Address 192 90 5 33 10BaseT Address 192 90 5 43 10BaseT etc hosts file 192 90 5 33 rs6000 192 90 6 34 rs6000_fddi 192 90 5 43 haley 192 90 6 44 haley_fddi etc hosts file 192 90 5 33 rs6000 192 90 6 34 rs6000_fddi 192 90 5 43 haley 192 90 6 44 haley_fddi 44 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Here are the client and server configurations to use for F
140. file to restore 146 II 9 a Search criteria 146 Filename matching exactly 146 Filename containing 146 Filename ending by 146 Filename starting with 146 II 10 The Restoration monitor 147 II 11 Index browser 147 II 12 Restoration options 148 II 13 List of tapes used for the restoration 148 II 14 Who has access to the restore function
141. from the GUI without starting a restore From the main screen click on the Restoration menu then click on the Index Browser option Navigation in the index browser is identical to the time navigator Index browser can be used to query the Arkeia base by viewing All backups performed The different file instances File attributes The tape containing file instances The segment number with the file instance 147 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 12 Restoration options The restoration option allows you to configure the file attributes to restore From the main screen click on the Restoration menu then click on the Restoration options option Alternatively you can click on the Restoration options button of the Restoration screen Access rights Restore original file access rights or use current access rights mask Modification date Restore original date or local date Files modified since backup date Erase file existing by restored file By user name Arkeia will try to find the same user name on the destination By user ID Arkeia will try to find the same user ID on the destination II 13 List of tapes used for the restoration Before each restoration Arkeia displays the list of tapes used for the operation In the event you unselect one of the tapes Arkeia will automatically search for other tapes containing the file s to restore 148 Arkeia v 4 2
142. g custom configuration of backups a very simple task Savepacks can be of various types whether you plan to backup trees objects or raw devices Each Savepack has options that include encryption compression pre processing and post processing among others These options are available either for the entire Savepack or for each tree structure included in the Savepack You may set priorities and chain options in a Savepack in order to create dependencies between the Savepack or the trees it contains 69 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Thus defining a savepack is not only defining what to backup but also how to perform the backup II Savepack management II 1 Description of the Savepacks management screen From the main screen click on the Backup menu then on the Savepacks option Or use the Savepacks button in the Toolbar List of tree Trees included in the selected Savepack to be backed up Savepacks List of created Savepacks II 2 Savepack Creation Click on the New button in the Toolbar of the Savepacks management window 70 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Enter the name of the Savepack To confirm your choices click on the Checkmark OK button II 3 Savepack Deletion Select the Savepack you want to delete in the Savepacks window The square next to a savepack s name should be filled up for the savepack to be selected Click on the
143. ghts to create a user As soon as a user is created you should assign him her a password IV 2 c User modification In the Users Management window select the user you want to modify then click on the Pen modify button IV 2 d User deletion In the Users Management window select the user you want to delete then click on the Trashcan icon 165 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual V Setting up the email feature V 1 Problem definition A System Administrator may want to get reports of backups anywhere sent by email to a specific address Arkeia provides such a feature V 2 Procedure To get emailed reports there are two parameters to be set the Owner email and the User email V 2 a The Owner email The Owner email is the email of the user who created the backup If not configured when the user was created it can be added in the User Management window using the Modify a user procedure see above V 2 b Configure the email feature in Backups The next step is to set the email feature User emails in the Backup definition For more information on this feature of the backup please refer to the Backups chapter V 2 c Notifications provided Arkeia will send emails to the defined user when Arkeia needs a tape during a backup Backup is finished Please note in the case of an interactive backup only the current user can receive emails
144. hen adjusted to a Day of week Monday Step 5 Periodic Backup second level creation A level is added to the Full Backup FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and INCRPOOL are added to this new level The level type is set to Incremental Backup based on the level 1 Full Backup The Periodicity is set to 1 day and the Validity to 5 days The tape policy is set to Complete existing tape and the backup is set to start on the next Tuesday 122 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Using the Advanced Options the Enabled for instances option is selected and 1 2 3 4 are added in the field that is displayed under the drop down menu Step 6 Verify the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 3 c Conclusion As the validity of the backup is two weeks the tape used during the first Total backup will be automatically recycled two weeks later on Monday October the 2nd in our example The first Incremental tape is finished on Thursday 21st and recycled on Tuesday 26th The second starts on Friday 22nd is finished on Wednesday 27th and is recycled on Monday 2nd The third is started on Thursday 28th finished on Tuesday 3rd and recycled on Sunday 8th II 4 A more complex and complete backup Policy II 4 a Policy definition A Complete backup should be made of the complete n
145. ia then determines the backup media to be used for restoration The database is updated with each backup It is an interactive procedure that ensures that data already archived can be retrieved even if the backup operation is suddenly interrupted The database can only be modified by Arkeia Files to be restored are selected with the help of a time navigator that allows the user to view files backed up at different dates Search operations are available to display the objects backed up during the period If the data to be restored is divided into different backups total and incremental Arkeia will perform tape scan selection without assistance Restoration is automatic if the required tapes are accessible If the last version of the files to be restored cannot be accessed Arkeia will indicate which older files that can be accessed A log is displayed during the restoration It shows the operation under way the tree structures restored and the errors encountered As with backup the user may stop the Arkeia graphical interface without interrupting the restoration and can reconnect at any time 138 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Restoration Management II 1 The Restoration screen From the main screen click on the Restoration menu then select the Restoration option Or use the Restoration button in the Toolbar If no tree was previously selected in the GUI session Arkeia automatically launches the Dat
146. ibed in the next section Features II 1 b Structure Arkeia is not just a backup utility it is a complete Backup Manager It is designed to help you manage your drives your libraries and your tapes It tracks which tape is needed for a backup and which one is required for a restore It informs you on the tapes available for backup and won t erase a backup tape if it determines that the data on it is still valid To achieve this Arkeia requests you to create a complete backup procedure you have to define your tape drives organize your tapes in tape pools and identify each tape by writing a specific label on it You also have to define your libraries and inform Arkeia which tape is inserted in a given slot You must plan your backup policy and have enough tapes real and logical to ensure its proper functioning You have to evaluate the amount of data saved at each backup 7 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Therefore it is quite important to plan ahead your final backup configuration This manual is designed to help you carry out this planning Reading it carefully will help you solve most of the issues you may run into II 2 Features Arkeia is a high performance network backup product that supports a wide variety of operating systems hardware platforms tape drives and tape libraries It offers a lot of advanced and optimized features in order to maximize network backup performance and stability Parallel backup
147. ic machine 152 I 3 d Last settings 153 II How to limit backup speed 154 II 1 Why should backup speed be limited 154 II 2 How to limit backup speed 154 II 2 a The graphical cruise control 154 II 2 b Default Backup speed limitation 154 III Priority 155 III 1 Introduction 155 III 2 How to use Priority 155 IV Chaining
148. ich you define your interactive backup As soon as you validate it the backup will proceed From the main screen click on the Backup menu then on the Interactive Backup option Or click on the Interactive Backup button in the Toolbar Savepack Savepack to be backed up Drivepack Drivepack used for the backup Pool Tape Pool used for the backup operation Type Type of Backup Total Incremental or Archive You can also select Standard or Continuous Tape strategy Policy used for the tapes use a new tape for each backup or complete an existing tape Valid for Validity of the backup Determines the date on which the tape used for the backup will be recycled Parallelism The number of flows used for this backup Use emails Defines if an email is sent to the system administrator to indicate the final status of the backup Tag Reference to a specific backup incremental backup 92 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 3 Starting an Interactive Backup Select the Savepack you want to backup Select the Drivepack you want to backup to Select the Tape Pool you want to backup on Select the Backup Type according to the policy you decided Total Incremental based on a previous backup or Archive Select the tape strategy Select the validity of your backup How long you want to keep the dat
149. inition Every week a Total backup should be made on Monday and another backup that saves only the modified files since the day before should be executed from Tuesday to Friday Each Total backup should be kept for two 2 weeks and each daily backup should be kept for five 5 days For the sake of convenience let us assume that a Total backup and a daily backup fill almost one full tape each A new tape should be used for each Total backup and the daily backup should complete existing tapes One tape drive is available II 6 b Solution and Analysis This problem is very similar to the example 3 above The only real difference is in the way the Incremental backup is defined In example 3 we have seen above the incremental backup was based on the Total backup Here it will be based on itself and will run independently of the Total backup except that it won t run on the Total backup s day This is called a differential backup Step 1 Tape pool evaluation A tape pool is created for the Total backups it is named TOTALPOOL For the Total Backup one tape is used per week Since each tape should be kept for two weeks before recycling it enough tapes should be created for two weeks of backup Therefore the Total tape pool requires at least two tapes Three tapes are created in TOTALPOOL In this way one spare tape is always available for con
150. is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start next Monday The backup is adjusted to Day of week Monday 127 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 5 Sensitive Backup second level creation A level is added to Sensitive Backup SENSITIVE ONEDRIVE and INCR_SENSITIVE are then added to this new level We set the type of the backup to Incremental based on the level 1 of Sensitive backup the Periodicity to 1 day and the Validity to 1 week The tape policy is set to Complete existing tape and the backup is set to start next Tuesday Using the Advanced Options Enabled for instances is selected and 1 2 3 4 are added in the field that is displayed below the drop down box Step 6 Verify the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 4 e Conclusion Most policies can be split into simpler backups Separate tape pools should simply be created to handle for different backups 128 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 5 Two simultaneous Total Backups on two different domains from Monday to Friday II 5 a Policy definition A network exists with two different domains A backup should be made of the machines of both domains without mixing the tapes of these two different backups Two specific sets of tapes should be created one for each
151. ke some time Example If you want to extract a usr src kernel make file from a machine named ariane you have to type under Linux readarkeia xfv dev st0 ariane usr src kernel make 195 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Restoring the database arkrstdb II 1 Introduction In rare occasions your backup server will crash and the Arkeia database may be corrupted In order to keep the usability of your backup history you may have to rebuild the index in whole or in part from what s been saved on tape This is the purpose of the arkrstdb utility You need to be aware that this retoration is a long process since this utility needs to read the entire tape pools to completely rebuild Arkeia database II 2 Usage Type arkrstdb usage for more details The general command line of arkrstdb is arkrstdb d rewindable device t tape type r drive type D database p pool v voltag s silent l lt Loglevel gt j journal Option Use d Specify the rewindable device of the drive as you entered it in drive management t Specify the tape type r Specify the drive type D The pool name optional p The path to your database optional v The voltag of your tape optional s To run arkrstdb in silent mode optional l Log level to get more information Possible value are 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 optional j journal Example You plan
152. kups the trees from a single machine are separated into several groups via number changes made in the Multiflow field In other words giving each tree a different number will ensure all trees will be backed up simultaneously provided you have enough available flows Each number is roughly a flow number Then trees with the same Multiflow number are backed up sequentially To change the Multiflow field open Backups Savepacks Tree options Then edit the Multiflow field as necessary Please note this feature is useful mainly on machines with several disk drives Usually the idea is to use multiflow on each file system Computers with a single disk drive will generally not benefit too much from multiflow Please note the Priority field in Tree options only comes into play between trees of the same Multiflow number 152 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 3 d Last settings Once the Tree Options are set there is something else to take into account you may have to indicate Arkeia that the backup is to use a certain number of flows By default Arkeia will use all your flows for the backup and if you have another backup launched at the same time or just after this second backup operation will have to wait the end of the first one You can also decide to limit the number of flows that will be used In the Backup definition window change the Parallelism backup field Please note the n
153. lable clients and servers 14 I 2 Oracle clients 15 II Hardware requirements and prerequisites 15 II 1 Hardware requirements 15 II 2 Prerequisites 16 II 2 a Memory 16 II 2 b Network cards 16 II 2 c SCSI host adapters 16 II 2 d Tape drives 16 III Software requirements and Prerequisites 17 III 1 Requirements
154. ld get the same IP address as you get when pinging the ADMINSERVER while logged onto the ADMINSERVER If the local host name is different on the ADMINSERVER verify the IP addresses of the local host on both machine If the local host address is different on ADMINSERVER verify the IP addresses on both machines If you got the message name amp address of local host are not on the licensed Server list the local host has not successfully been declared to the ADMINSERVER Correct output TEST 3 IN PROGRESS gt gt gt Connection test between LOCALHOST and ADMINSERVER gt gt gt Accessing to ADMINSERVER services Remote host jupiter knox com is Admin Server Admin Server name on Local Host is jupiter knox com on Admin Server is jupiter knox com Admin Server address on Local Host is 192 168 8 22 on Admin Server is 192 168 8 22 Local host name on Local Host is jupiter on Admin Server is jupiter Local host address on Local Host is 192 168 8 22 on Admin Server is 192 168 8 22 gt gt gt Name amp Address of Local Host are already in License Server List TEST 3 OK III 3 e Test 4 This test only runs on the server side It verifies the network addresses of all the clients listed in the usr knox nlp rhosts lst file and of the backup server as seen by each other In case of error The parameters you have to check are basically the same as those in Test 3 though you should have a complete se
155. le directory For both these cases a specific key for encryption can be used The two steps are 1 Select a type of encryption in the Savepack 2 Define the encryption key I 2 c Encryption selection To select the encryption go in the savepack screen or in the tree option screen and set the desired encryption type for that client I 2 d Encryption key As stated above Arkeia can encrypt either whole trees or specific directories In both cases a specific key will be used The encryption key has a minimum size of 8 Bytes Encryption of a whole tree A Create a key file in the directory usr knox obs This file contains an encryption key for each type of encryption DES or BLOWFISH which will be used The name of the file doesn t matter Its format is standardized as follow DES DES Encryption Key FISH Blowfish Encryption Key B Create a file cryptkey tree in the directory usr knox obs This file contains the names of the trees which should be encrypted and the name of the key file to be used for this encryption home usr knox obs encryption_file 168 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Example For example for a machine named Orion we create the file orion_key_file in usr knox obs Key file for machine Orion Orion_key_file file FISH 12e25rth92178i DES 125dhjeol6954h2 Then we add a usr knox obs cryptkey tree file with the following content
156. library handles a large number of tapes to reduce the search time Tapes created by Arkeia will always be assigned to a specific tape pool When a backup is launched only the backup administrator decide which tape pool will be used by the backup Arkeia then manages the tape s used in the tape pool according to the tape strategy chosen by the administrator Creating your tapes is a step you really must prepare for the amount of tapes you need will depend on the backup policy you will configure Try to evaluate your needs as precisely as possible 54 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 3 b Standard tape creation Click on the New button in the toolbar of the Tapes Management window The Create Tape s window is then displayed on the screen Give the tape a name of your choice Enter the first and last numbers optional fields for a single tape For more information please see the section How does Arkeia create tape names Select the type of your tape in the drop down menu Set the tape authorizations Select the recycling destination See the Recycling section Select the tape recycling mode See the Recycling section Select the tape pool for the tape or tapes created Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 55 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 3 c NULL tape creation Null tapes may be used for tests see
157. ling One of the most important issue about tapes is recycling Once written a backup Tape is supposed to be reused at some point With Arkeia a tape can be reused once it has been recycled Therefore the recycling function must be an integral part of a tape strategy As described in the Periodic backup chapter a tape is recycled once it has reached its Retention Date This date is determined by the backup run on that tape The way the tape is recycled is determined by the Recycling mode and Recycling destination fields in the T ape definition The following options are possible Recycling mode Meaning FIFO The first tape recycled will be reused first LIFO The last tape recycled will be reused first risk of using the same tape Recycling destination Meaning Current pool The tape can be recycled in its pool Scratch pool The tape will be recycled in the scratch pool and will be accessible to any backup Your tapes should be recycled very carefully as you can run into quite a lot of problems once all of them are filled Please note also that if you force a tape to be recycled all data backed up on it is erased III 5 How does Arkeia create tape names Arkeia creates tapes with a generic name the Tape name field on which it add a number chosen in the range given by the first number and last number fields It is possible to specify formatting parameters in the name as shown in the f
158. log from the main screen click on the Utilities menu then on the Log management option and finally on the Drive Log menu item The Drive Log screen is then displayed on the screen You can change the month to be displayed by clicking on the Available Logs button The Available Logs screen is then displayed on the screen Double click on the desired month to display its log 184 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 2 The Tape log This screen lists the tasks completed by the tapes over a period of one month To go to the logs from the main screen click on the Utilities menu then on the Log management option and finally on the Tape Log item The Tape Log window is then displayed on the screen You can change the month to be displayed by clicking on the Available Logs button The Available Log screen opens Double click on a month to display its log 185 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 3 The Restore log This screen lists all the restorations completed over a period of one month To go to the logs from the main screen click on the Utilities menu then on the Log management option and finally on the Restore Log menu item The Restore Log window is then displayed on the screen You can change the month to be displayed by clicking on the Available Logs button The Available L
159. lt lt gt gt gt TEST FOR CERTIFICATION LEVEL ONE lt lt lt TEST 0 IN PROGRESS gt gt gt Getting LANG gt gt gt Getting KNOX variables KNOX usr knox NLPDIR usr knox nlp DIRAPPLIC usr knox nlpc PATHAPPLIC root nlpc usr knox nlpc usr knox nlp TEST 0 OK III 3 b Test 1 The chknlp software reads network preferences like The port number used for communications PORT_NUMBER The backup server name ADMINSERVER The Internet address of the backup server Internet address The local host name HOSTNAME The local address Internet address for local HOST In case of error If chknlp cannot reach the ADMINSERVER check that the file usr knox nlp admin cfg contains the name of the backup server If chknlp cannot obtain the internet address a network configuration problem has occurred You should add the backup server in your host file If you are using a Domain Name Server check that the backup server is listed and check that the local machine access to the DNS To be sure ping the backup server with its host name If chknlp does not reach your local hostname or local address verify your network configuration 198 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Correct output TEST 1 IN PROGRESS gt gt gt Testing variables in configuration file NLP_AUTH usr knox nlp auth cfg NLP_PROXY usr knox nlp proxy cfg PORTNUMBER 617 ADMINSERVER jupiter knox
160. lution and Analysis This is almost the same backup as in example two above The two important changes are the level two backup is Incremental instead of Total and we want to Complete existing tapes The actual size of the Incremental backups can vary greatly over time It is more secure to create a specific Tape Pool for the Incremental backups to avoid mixing tapes with the Total Backups The Complete existing tapes policy makes this more difficult because it changes the retention date of the tape at each backup The validity of the Incremental backup is not trivial It is also important to have an idea of the number of Incremental backup needed to fill a tape As long as it is used by an Incremental Backup a tape has its Validity pushed back in time The Validity must be set precisely to ensure that new Incremental backups will be completed on a tape when the previous tape is recycled In the example below we will assume that three Incremental Backups fill one tape and set the validity to 5 days We are going to create a first level weekly backup on Monday and a second level of Incremental backups based on the complete backup that will run on Tuesday Wednesday Thursday and Friday 120 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 1 Tape pools evaluation The tape pool for the Total backups is first created simply named TOTALPOOL For the Total Backup one tape i
161. me Multiflow number are backed up sequentially II 9 b Priority The priority level ranges from 1 to 100 and is used to specify the order in which the trees are backed up Trees with a priority of 1 are the first to be saved and those with a priority of 100 will be backed up last The default setting for all trees is 50 Please note the priority level is only taken into account when trees have the same Multiflow number 84 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 9 c Chain The Chain field is used to make dependencies between trees from different machines A chain is created between two trees when you put the same value in the chain field You also have to set the priority level for each chained tree to control the backup order The default setting for all trees is 0 no chaining Example In this case libra knox com boot and neon knox com boot are chained libra knox com boot has a lower priority That means that the machine named libra will be backed up once the backup of neon has been completed II 9 d Command before tree backup A command before tree backup is a shell script on UNIX based system that should be run before backup This command may be used to determine if the backup must be started For this check the box Backup tree if command failed see table below The command must provide a return code 0 OK other Failure The syntax is as follows
162. n dispatch his tapes into various pools used respectively for a specific backup A Tape Pool will contain a certain number of tapes created according to the next section Tapes Though the Administrator has complete liberty over the way he creates his pools we highly recommend to create a Tape Pool for each backup you plan to make to avoid mixing problems that can occur after several backups have been performed This is particularly true when the Validity of the backups are different For more information please refer to the Backup chapter of this manual Once a Tape Pool has been defined Arkeia will automatically manage the tapes created in it II 2 The Pools management screen From the main screen click on the Tapes menu then on the Pools management option Or use the Pools management icon in the Toolbar The following dialog box should now be displayed on the screen II 3 Pool creation Click the New icon in the toolbar of the Pools Management window 50 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Enter the name of the pool Enter a comment The owner is the current Arkeia user Confirm your choice by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 4 Pool deletion It is not possible to delete a Pool that still contains tapes To do this move the tapes to another Pool in the menu Tapes then the option Pools management or delete them before deleting the tape pool
163. ned restrictions the LICENSEE is authorized to make one 1 backup copy of the SOFTWARE if said SOFTWARE is not copy protected Notice of copyright must appear on the backup copy 4 RESTRICTIONS OF USE The LICENSEE is authorized to physically transfer the SOFTWARE from one SERVER to another SERVER on condition that said SOFTWARE is completely and totally removed from the original SERVER Electronic transfers of the SOFTWARE from one SERVER to another within a distribution network for the purpose of copying the SOFTWARE or the accompanying written materials are strictly forbidden The LICENSEE shall not modify adapt translate reverse engineer decompile disassemble or create written materials based on the SOFTWARE and shall not modify adapt translate or write literature based on the written materials without the prior express written consent from KNOX 5 TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS No person whomsoever shall be authorized to operate this SOFTWARE without the prior express written consent from KNOX Any beneficiary of a transfer thus authorized shall be bound by the terms and conditions of this LICENSE AGREEMENT and the limited warranty attached there Under no circumstances shall the LICENSEE be entitled to transfer convey lease or sell the SOFTWARE nor shall it be entitled to dispose thereof in any manner whether temporary or permanent except where otherwise expressly provided for herein 6 CANCELLATION This LICENSE AGREEMENT shall r
164. new level The backup type is set to Incremental Backup based on the Full Backup level 2 The Periodicity is set to 1 day and the Validity to 5 days The tape policy is set to Complete existing tape and the backup is set to start on the next Tuesday Enabled for instances is selected in the Advanced Options and 1 2 3 4 are added in the field that appears below the drop down menu 136 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 6 Verify the settings The settings should be checked in the Scheduler to make sure they respect the policy defined above II 6 c Conclusion The first time the Level 2 backup will be run a Total backup will actually be made as no reference backup will be available Then it will proceed by only saving files modified since the day before 137 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 9 Restoration I Principles of Restoration I 1 Definition Restoration is an interactive function that can be used to recover a complete machine or a single file It may be selective depending on the role of the user The large number of files makes this potentially difficult It can become quite hard to correctly identify the tape that contains the latest version of a file I 2 Arkeia s approach To overcome this problem Arkeia integrates a database index The index allows you to use the navigator to select the files directories to restore and Arke
165. ngle backup Confirm your choice by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 67 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV 6 Deleting a Drivepack Select the Drivepack you want to delete in the Drivepack dialog box Click on the Trashcan button to delete it Confirm the Drivepack deletion Confirm your choice by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 68 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 6 What to backup I The Savepack concept I 1 Understanding the issue A backup operation is not as straightforward as it seems at first sight an administrator may want to backup specific tree structures complete file systems or create images of complete partitions or disks or backup specific data such as the Windows Registry A backup system must be able to take into account all those specific cases and define the data to backup in a manner as general and as flexible as it can It must also provide simple ways to apply encryption and compression on selected trees or files I 2 Arkeia s approach Arkeia defines the data to be backed up as Savepack s This highly flexible definition system allows the backup of various machines various trees complete raw devices or specific data With a Savepack you are able to specify the machine s directory ies and file s to backup Several Savepacks can be defined for different tasks You can even define Savepacks that include other Savepacks makin
166. ns for each tree of the Savepack you can add a Priority field to your needs By default all trees have a Priority of 50 To set a higher priority lower the number the highest Priority is 1 To lower the priority increase the number the lowest Priority is 100 Trees will then be processed from the highest priority down to the lowest Please note this Priority is only used when considering trees saved by the same flow It can only influence backups of various trees of the same machine or for machines backed up by the same flow which is allowed if backup is restricted to the use of one flow As this is not an optimum solution the concept of Chaining comes into play 155 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV Chaining IV 1 Introduction While setting Priority to organize backups on a specific machine can be interesting it is a lot more important to be able to set an order for the backups of various machines while still using multiple flows This is the use of chaining it creates a link between several trees of various machines All the trees on the same Chain number will be processed in order of Priority effectively allowing order control while keeping multiflow IV 2 How to use Chaining The use of Chaining is very simple In the Tree Options for each tree of the Savepack yo u can set a chain value 0 by default meaning no chaining Trees with the same value of chaining
167. nterface III 2 The backup server module This module manages The Arkeia configuration database and the centralized backup index The tape drive s and tape library s The network connectivity The multiplex data stream to from client machines The multiple simultaneous backup restore processes The interactive backups and scheduled backups The user authentication The smart module for periodical scheduled backups The Arkeia journal III 3 The client module This module manages The data transmission from the clients to the backup server during backups The data reception from the backup server during restore operations The data communication to the Navigator interface The data compression and encryption during the backup restoration Access to the native file system of the client 9 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The integration with Open File Manager OFM by St Bernard Software OFM allows the open files to be backed up correctly for Windows based machines only During the backup and restoration operations the client sends receives data flows to from the backup server in an open format which contain general file information for instance the filename the file size data stream as well as specific client data for instance the security descriptors and the registry on Windows NT 2000 Trustees and extended attributes on Novell or Access Control List ACL on HP UX and Solaris In contrast
168. o backups thread number 1 and 2 and tape1 is full because the tape3 is on the same thread with a used value of 2 The next tape to be used with the new tape strategy will be tape4 II 7 Pool statistics This screen allows you to view the statistics on a given Pool as well as information on the tapes contained in that Pool To see the properties of a specific Tape Pool double click on its name in the Pools Management screen or select the pool and click on the Graph button 52 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Backup Tapes Total Number of Tapes currently in the Pool Free Number of free Tapes in the Pool In use Number of Tapes in use in the Pool Full Number of filled up Tapes in the Pool Worn Out Number of Tapes that should be replaced Pool Space Total Total tape space available in the Pool in megabytes Used Current space occupied by data Available Remaining free space for backups II 8 The Scratch Pool There is a pre defined Tape Pool in Arkeia named the Scratch Pool This pool can be used to contain tapes for other pools Once a pool has run out of free tapes it can get a new tape from the Scratch Pool which will be temporarily assigned to it This is particularly useful when you have a large number of tapes and you can t really keep up with tape management It can be a policy to create tapes only in the Scratch Pool and to have othe
169. of the pool the tape is assigned to Space used remaining self explanatory Creation date Tape creation date Retention date Retention date date when a tape is recycled Owner Name of the tape creator Status Tape status new in use full Life remaining Remaining tape usage number Authorizations Actions authorized on the tape Last write date self explanatory 62 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 9 Writing the label on a tape Use the Tapes management screen to label the tape manually Select in the Tapes Management window the tapes you want to label The button outline in front of the tape name should be filled up for the tape to be selected Click on the Yellow Pen Modify button to modify the tape characteristics Arkeia displays all compatible devices to label your tape Double click the device of your choice Make sure the correct tape is in the tape drive then confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button Please note manual tape labeling is an optional task Arkeia labels tapes automatically during the first backup 63 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 10 Tape recycling A tape is usually recycled when the retention date has been reached However you can recycle a tape manually This will erase all references to this tape in the database index All data written on this tape will be lo
170. ogin A physical access is required to install non UNIX clients Please note 99 of all installation problems arise because one of the above conditions has not been met III 8 Package content Although the exact packages may vary according to the products and the versions ordered they usually contain the following items One CD media containing the server components for Unix Linux and a large variety of client components A user s manual The Quick Start Guide The serial numbers representing the licenses granted and which must be entered using the graphical interface The media must be extracted into a temporary directory or installed from the CD A component usually contains five files The INSTALL program in capitals this is the interactive installation program that must be launched from the current directory It asks the user a series of questions to install the components and displays messages to the standard output during installation This output can be saved into a file with the jlog_name option The llog_level option can be used to increase the level of information contained in the log This last instruction can accept values from 0 silent installation except for errors and questions to 90 extremely detailed with the default set at 20 For example INSTALL j tmp journal l30 The aiinfo lst file this is an ASCII file which contains the default installation settings
171. ogs screen is then displayed on the screen Double click on a given month to display its log 186 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual APPENDIX C Backup of Open Source Databases I Important notice to Oracle users Please note this appendix is only focused on Open Source database solutions If you d like to use Arkeia to backup your Oracle databases Knox Software can supply a backup Assistant and an interface with Oracle s RMAN For more information on these products please refer to chapter 2 of this manual and contact sales arkeia com II MySQL II 1 How to backup a MySQL database offline The first way to easily backup a database is to perform this operation while MySQL is off line This simple solution is most of the time inadequate as a database may have to stay online 24 hours a day Here is the procedure to do a backup while the MySQL database is off line 187 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Create a Savepack that will save only the directory where the MySQL database is located Open the tree options by double clicking on it 188 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Here zamak is the machine where MySQL is running complete the fields command before with zamack etc rc d init d mysql stop and command after with zamack etc rc d init d mysql start When the backup of this Savepack is launched your database will be stopped before the backup o
172. olaris 2 5 2 6 Intel x86 YES Solaris 2 5 2 6 Sparc YES YES YES YES S2 SunOS 4 1 YES Compaq True 64 YES YES YES YES S2 Unixware 2 x YES Windows 95 98 YES YES Windows NT Server 4 0 Alpha YES Windows NT Workstation 4 0 Intel x86 YES YES Windows NT Server 4 0 Intel x86 YES YES Windows 2000 YES YES I 2 Oracle clients Arkeia provides two modules to backup Oracle databases on line The first one S1 in the table above is Arkeia for Oracle RMAN This solution is an interface between Arkeia and Oracle s RMAN RMAN is the Recovery MANager provided by Oracle see http www arkeia com oracle The second one S2 in the table above is Arkeia s Oracle Assistant This assistant helps you to backup Oracle database online Please contact sales arkeia com for more information II Hardware requirements and prerequisites II 1 Hardware requirements Arkeia has the following minimum hardware requirements A computer capable of running your operating system 64 MB RAM SCSI tape drive A SCSI tape drive is required for high speed positioning of the tape during restore operations It is strongly recommended to connect the SCSI tape drive on a dedicated SCSI host adapter 15 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 2 Prerequisites II 2 a Memory Arkeia uses large amounts of memory especially if the number of computers to be backed up simultaneously is important Knox
173. ollowing examples Example 1 If the first number 1 and the last number 3 Tape names will be dat1 dat2 dat3 Example 2 If the first number 1 and the last number 15 Tape names will be dat01 dat02 dat15 57 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Example 3 If the first number 1 and the last number 120 Tape names will be dat 1 2 spaces between t and 1 dat 20 1 space between t and 2 dat120 no space character III 6 Tapes deletion Select in the Tapes Management window the tape s you want to delete The button outline in front of the tape name should be filled up for the tape to be selected Click on the Trashcan button to delete Confirm the tape deletion Confirm your choice by clicking on the checkmark OK button Please note this action deletes tapes on a logical level which means that tapes do not have to be physically present in the drive 58 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 7 Modifying tapes the Tape s modification window It is possible to modify certain tape characteristics from the Tape Management screen Select in the Tapes management window the tape s you want to modify The button outline in front of the tape name should be filled up for the tape to be selected Click on the Pen button to modify the tape characteristics The Tape s Modification window will be displayed on the sc
174. only have access to a tape drive IV 3 Installation and use of tpdup IV 3 a Installation The tpdup software is installed like most Arkeia packages when the package is uncompressed a tpdup directory is created Just enter this directory and run install The installation script then creates a tpdup directory in usr knox arkeia This directory contains two files tpused lst and tpused lck that will be used in the configuration The tpdup command is then created in usr knox bin IV 3 b Configuration and usage When Arkeia uses a tape and tpdup is installed the name of the used tape is written in the usr knox arkeia tpdup tpused lst file Only tapes referenced in the tpused lst file can be duplicated Then you need to create in the usr knox arkeia tpdup directory a duplication directory named config_tpdup In this directory two files must be created drv lst tpclone lst drv lst This file contains a list of the drive pair source destination that will be used for duplication Its general layout is the following 202 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual ITEM SRC_DRVNAME UNIT_1 DST_DRV_NAME UNIT_2 In most cases the drv lst file will only contain one ITEM tpclone lst This file contains a list of the tape pairs source destination slot number that will be used for duplication ITEM SRC_TPNAME TAPE_DLT1 DST_SLOT 5 ITEM SRC_TPNAME TAPE_D
175. or the complete path of the file to be restored Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 4 Using the time sliders in the Time Navigator The time sliders are a convenient way to select a specific version of a file or tree Each slider s position corresponds to a specific backup that was previously run The time sliders can be used in two ways You can either select a period of time between two dates including all the backups made in that period In that case all the files saved during that period of time will be restored You can automatically select the complete backup period using the Min and Max buttons Or you can select a specific backup by setting both sliders on the same position on the same backup In this case the files which were backed up at that precise date will be restored If the backup was incremental Arkeia will automatically search through older incremental backups to restore the files that were not backed up on the date selected 141 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Please note in the navigator window itself the available trees are displayed according to the backup selected with the time sliders Once the sliders are set you can navigate among the trees and select the files you want to restore Please note The name of the Savepack that corresponds to the backup is displayed in the date field If this Savepack has been del
176. order to use this type of device Please refer to the Where to Backup chapter When defining these tapes state the disk location of the data you need to have backed up File drives must be attached to a File library to be used This feature is only available on the Professional Version of Arkeia 36 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 5 b Drive creation File drive Click on the New button in the Toolbar of the Drives Management window Give the drive a name of your choice Select the FILE drive type from the list Set the authorizations on this drive Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button I 6 Drive deletion Select the drive you want to delete in the Drives management window Click on the Trashcan button to delete the drive Confirm the drive deletion Confirm the deletion by clicking on the checkmark OK button 37 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 7 The Library Management Screen From the main screen click on the Devices menu then on the Libraries management option Or click on the Libraries management button in the Toolbar Name Logical name of the library Owner Name of the library creator Node Name of the backup server to which the library is connected Type Type of device Control device Name of the control device for the operating system on which Arkeia is installed I 8 Tape
177. ou select Yes Arkeia will reset this date to its original value II 7 j Find filter Backs up files meeting the UNIX find criteria Please note There is no need to type the find command itself only its arguments Example If you want to back up all files beginning with b or e enter type d o name be II 7 k Inclusion filter This option restrict the back up to specific files matching a UNIX regular expression Example If you want to include only the a and o files enter type d o name be II 7 l Exclusion filter This option excludes from the back up the specific files matching a regular expression Example If you want to exclude the a and o files enter type d o name be II 7 m Regular expression Regular expressions can be written as follows Symbol Meaning or use Normal characters Used in a regular expression as is and self explanatory except for the following characters dot asterisk caret dollar sign plus brackets For these characters see the explanations below dot Represents any character except when placed between brackets 79 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Symbol Meaning or use asterisk Indicates a repetition of 0 or n times of the regular expression preceding it plus sign Indicates a repetition of 1 or n times caret Represent
178. over latencies on the network and eventual delays on the clients can cut the throughput even more resulting in even lower performance The idea behind Arkeia s technology is to allow the simultaneous backup of multiple sources using several interlaced flows of data to make sure the SCSI bus will be saturated as often as possible Indeed the total performance of the backup system can be higher if you backup simultaneously three clients instead of one The idea of this section is to show you how to use this multi flow feature to maximize the performance of your backup system I 2 Performance expectations On a 100Mb network you can expect backup speed anywhere from 300 1000 MB minute Backup speed will depend on the client server network and tape drive s library configurations as well as data compression 10Mb networks are proportionally slower Faster networks are proportionally faster If the actual performance do not reach this level it might be necessary to check if your network is setup properly 151 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual The average backup on the client side is 0 83 MB s with a 100Mb s Ethernet network it gives 12 5 MBytes s theoretical traffic meaning 7 to 8 MB s of real throughput You can expect to reach this value on the network with 10 to 15 flows of 0 83 MB s If you have 25 clients machines you can divide this 25 clients in two group of 12 and 13 clients and with a license of 15 flows you will be
179. ox nlp nlp cfg For the JUI Java User Interface the file to edit is knox arkeiaUI login prf Uncomment the line NLPPORTNUM and set it to the right port Add the line ARKJ_USE_PORTNUM as shown below ARKJ_USE_PORTNUM 0 NLPPORTNUM New port number Restart the nlservd process after modifying nlp cfg using the following command NLSERVD restart Please note if you plan to change the port value you will also have to change it on all your clients All the machines must use the same Arkeia port number even those on which you only run the GUI or JUI If a backup fails due to a network problem for example Arkeia will try to recover and continue the backup operation by trying the other ports available from 1024 and upward 1025 1026 If the GUI JUI is installed on another machine administration server than the backup server it will talk to nlservd on the backup server directly on the first port available from 1024 and downward 1023 1022 II 4 How to configure Arkeia to work from behind a firewall II 4 a Introduction If you are using a firewall you may have some connection problems between the backup server the clients and the GUI JUI if it is on another machine because only specific ports are actually opened As stated above Arkeia more exactly the nlservd process uses the TCP port 617 for backup and restore and for all operations or processes communications If you want to change the port val
180. quirements and Prerequisites III 1 Requirements III 1 a Reliability The backup server is the main component of the network and needs to be installed on a reliable machine if it is to function properly Machine reliability can be further enhanced by the use of uninterruptible power supplies UPS by implementing mirrored disks or RAID disks by controlling the physical access and by using the machine specifically for backup applications III 1 b Available disk space Installation needs a temporary space of 20 MB depending on the modules selected server graphics or client The final directory with all three modules installed will take up a maximum of 30 MB III 1 c Backup catalog Index database The backup catalog or index of backups is modified with each backup For every megabyte of data backed up Arkeia allocates an average of 5 KB in the catalogue This average may increase when different trees are backed up or decrease when identical trees are backed up By default a minimum of 30 MB is required which should be able to contain a list of backups of up to 6 GB It is strongly recommended to have enough inodes available on the partition where Arkeia is installed III 1 d Workload Arkeia offers high performances and many advanced functions to its users However since these functions make a very intensive and parallel use of all the components memory CPU peripherals of a server it is highly recommended to dedica
181. r date you can be sure that your backup will be started the first Monday of each month Do not start at the precise date of the first Monday as a new month may bring a very different date for the 1st Monday of the month II Examples II 1 A complete backup each day II 1 a Policy definition A Total backup should be made everyday of the week Each backup should be kept for two weeks For the sake of convenience let s admit that each backup fills precisely one tape A new tape should be used for each backup and one tape drive is available II 1 b Solution and Analysis This is the most simple backup possible no exception and a simple tape retention policy 115 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 1 Tape pool evaluation We first create a pool simply named FULLPOOL We want to make one backup a day which uses one tape per day As we want to keep each one 2 weeks before recycling it we need enough tapes for 2 weeks of backup thus we need at least 14 tapes at least in our tape pool 15 tapes have been added to FULLPOOL This way one spare tape is available for convenience Step 2 Drivepack selection As only one drive is available this selection is easy our Drivepack is called ONEDRIVE and contains the unique tape drive available In this example the drive is a DLT 4000 Step 3 Savepack selection A Savepack is created including all our servers It is named FULLPACK Step 4 P
182. r tape pools use these available tapes as needed See the Tape Recycling section and the Periodic Backup Policy chapter for more information on the Scratch Pool III Tapes III 1 Introduction Arkeia will usually make a backup on a specific Tape Pool using all the tapes in it sequentially according to a tape strategy This means you ll have to create enough tapes in your tape pool to fulfill your backup policy The tapes created in Arkeia will match your real tape reserve each tape will be labeled and clearly identified 53 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 2 The Tapes management screen This screen enables the Administrator to create delete modify and consult tapes used for the backup and restore From the main screen click on the Tapes menu then select the Tapes management option Or use the Tapes management icon in the Toolbar This window is essentially a list of the available tapes all Tape Pools included Various operations can be run on tapes by selecting at least one tape then clicking on the icons of the toolbar III 3 Tape creation III 3 a Introduction Tapes are created in Arkeia to link the logical names used by tape pools and the physical tapes in the devices A label is inserted at the beginning of the tape to allow the identification and management of the tape by Arkeia Arkeia manages bar codes to locate tape in a library This feature is essential if your
183. r temporary directories for example There is a very simple way to set this up just create an empty file called on Unix OPB_NOBACKUP On Windows systems the name of the file will be NOBACKUP OPB All the directories that include such a file will be ignored by any backup 90 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 7 Backups I Interactive backups I 1 Introduction The interactive backup is essentially a backup you start only one time when you feel the need to save specific data or to make sure that sensitive data is saved if a periodic backup failed This function allows you to start a backup operation very fast by reusing elements created previously SAVEPACK the data to be backed up DRIVEPACK the drive s the data will be saved to and POOL the tape s that will be used by the drive to save the data to Interactive backups are one time backups If you want to create a backup that executes at a specific time you should create a Periodic Backup described later in this chapter Please note After launching the backup via the interface you may close the backup screen or even exit the program completely without interrupting the backup operation in progress Once closed you can reopen the backup window by double clicking on the correct backup in the backup list of the main window 91 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual I 2 The Interactive backup screen This is the main screen on wh
184. ral NICs are installed in a machine By default the Arkeia name resolution is based on the local name resolution configuration Machines are usually configured to use the local hosts file and Arkeia always uses either DNS or the local name resolution If your machine can resolve a name request and return the corresponding IP address and vice versa Arkeia will be able to connect to the remote machine If not the connection problem is not a name resolution issue However if Arkeia needs a specific network configuration it is possible to separate the local network configuration and Arkeia s own name resolution process II 1 b Client machine configuration On the client the backup server name must be entered in the following file usr knox nlp admin cfg This is usually the host name of the backup server The IP address of the Arkeia backup server is usually located in the file etc hosts II 1 c Arkeia backup server machine configuration Each client is declared in the following file on the Arkeia backup server usr knox nlp rhost lst This file contains the machine name that will be shown in the navigator The machine name in this file must be known by the backup server through its own name resolution configuration as described in the introduction section Arkeia updates this information automatically You should not have to update this file except to possibly delete duplicate entries II 1 d Hosts file used by Ark
185. reated for an execution on Monday and a second level backup based on the first one will be created to be run on Tuesday Wednesday Thursday and Friday Step 1 Tape pool evaluation A tape pool is first created named FULLPOOL With the defined policy five tapes are used per week As we want to keep each one 2 weeks before recycling it we still need enough tapes for two weeks of backup therefore we need at least 10 tapes in our tape pool We will create eleven tapes in FULLPOOL In this way we have one spare tape for convenience Step 2 Drivepack selection As one drive only is available the selection is easy our Drivepack is called ONEDRIVE and contains the unique drive available In this example the drive is a DLT 4000 Step 3 Savepack selection One Savepack is created named FULLPACK which contains all the servers available 118 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 4 Periodic Backup first level creation A Periodic Backup is created which is named Full Backup FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and FULLPOOL are added to this Periodic Backup The type is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on the next Monday The backup is then adjusted to Day of week Monday Step 5 Periodic Backup second level creation
186. reen You can now modify the options in this screen as you see fit To modify an option the button outline in front of the desired option should be selected and filled up Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 59 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Authorizations Authorizations are used to reduce tape access in order to eliminate the risk of erasing data Write erasing the tape Delete recycle data written on the tape Recycle or prevent restoration from the tape Read The Clean option enables to declare a cleaning tape Read is enabled authorized Read is disabled no authorization Recycling pool By default a tape is recycled expiration date in its pool but may also be recycled in the Scratch Pool The Scratch Pool is the reserved Pool containing tapes that can be accessed by a backup when all the tapes in its current pool have been used and filled with backup data Recycling mode By default Arkeia uses all the tapes in the same pool before beginning to write over the first tape used FIFO First In First Out It is also possible to reuse the same tapes as soon as they are recycled LIFO Last In First Out Tape access mode This option defines the way the tape is accessed manual or automatic Automatically mountable The tape is in a tape library or changer automatically accessible during backup or restore The tape switches
187. ring the best backup restore functions to all users whether or not they are familiar with the software Arkeia has been designed for very large networks and also provides many options that can be modified to offer both power and flexibility This introduction describes the possible applications of this product provides an overview of its operation and describes the contents of the package you have received The section Before you begin is very important and should be fully understood as this will ease the installation The vast majority of problems arise from the configuration of existing networks as well as the interfacing with backup devices The Quick Start Manual will also be useful for checking that the software is properly installed This manual provides a trouble shooting guide which will help you find the potential problems and finding the right solution This information has been supplied by the Technical Support Department of KNOX SOFTWARE II General Concepts and Features II 1 Concepts Arkeia has been designed around a number of simple concepts It is important to have a good understanding of these concepts before starting any backup configuration II 1 a Architecture Arkeia uses a modular client server architecture Each module has specific tasks and may be installed independently of the others though the installation order is important as stated in the Quick Start Manual Most components are descr
188. riteria not met Check the Savepack for non valid file system particularly NFS Change File System Allowed to All file systems Can t find available tape for drive If you are using a library there are probably no tapes defined for the slots All the tapes in the selected pool are full The backup is defined with a tape pool of the wrong tape type The tapes were created with the wrong tape type Can t find drive Check if the drive is associated with a DrivePack Can t find LIBID Please refer to our web site for the latest information and troubleshooting options As a last resort clean all libXXXXXXXX files and all files with LIBID XXXXXXXX in usr knox arkeia dbase then rebuild a new library Can t find tape ID 0xXXXXXX Search in usr knox arkeia dbase f3tape tpmaster lst the name of the corrupted tape note the TPID value and erase the TPID line Delete all files in sub directories with the same TPID Restore the database with the arkrstdb command 177 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Error message Possible causes and solutions Can t find public symbol NWDSLogin message under Novell You have to load the netnlm32 nlm module Can t load backup master list Make sure your Arkeia directory has enough free inodes Check for corrupted periodic backup information in usr knox arkeia dbase f3per Licence server badly declared Update usr knox nlp
189. rkeia client the server or the graphical interface in order to restrict access to certain users Again like authorization each Arkeia s process has a proxy file associated with it The proxy file effectively controls what user ID and what access rights a remote user will obtain on the client machine Multiple entries are allowed Arkeia will scan the file and stops at the first matching entry Proxy files actually contain the rules used by Arkeia users to impersonate standard users in order to be allowed to execute backups and restore operations Thus any user with USER ROLE will be able to restore his own machine as if he was root on his machine These files are located under usr knox nlp and they are named proxy_XXX cfg 172 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual They are all formatted as follows File proxy_MDS cfg Proxy file for Knox Arkeia Backup Agent C KNOX 97 Values in this file are used to determine the id on a local system of a user login on from a remote machine For every connection the file is scanned sequentially The first line whose left hand side part matches the connection is used for specifying the local authorizations uid and gid The syntax of this file is SERVER_LIST lt RESERVED PORT gt HOST_LIST USER_LIST LOCAL_USER LOCAL_GROUP SERVER_LIST is an optional list of servers separated
190. rocess settings in kernel 6 4 and lower The default values are all located in the following read only files var sysgen mtune shm for IPCs var sysgen mtune sem for semaphores var sysgen mtune msg for message queues var sysgen mtune kernel for the process number Should you need to change these values create the following file var sysgen stune if it does not exist cd var sysgen vi stune Insert the following lines if they do not exist to modify the shared memory segments shmmax 0x20000000 shmmin 1 shmmni 100 25 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual sshmseg 512 shmall 512 Insert the following lines if they do not exist to modify semaphores semmni 10 semmns 60 semmnu 30 semmsl 25 semopm 10 semume 10 semvmx 32767 semaem 16384 Insert the following lines if they do not exist to modify the message queues msgmax 8192 msgmnb 65535 msgmni 64 msgssz 8 msgtql 1000 msgseg 1536 Configuration processing is automatic Changing the settings Enter the command usr sbin autoconfig Then reboot the machine with the command reboot Viewing IPC and process settings Enter one of the following usr sbin systune grep shm to view ipc configuration usr sbin systune grep proc to view process configuration usr sbin systune grep sem to view semaphore configuration usr sbin systune grep msg to view message configuration 26 Arkei
191. s orion or vega or cassiop and asking for server RNV or ODTS will execute it as the local user guest MDS 1 root MDS 0 root Keep this last line otherwise CR LF environments will fail 173 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual In the previous example all users connecting through the Reserved Port 1 will give MDS root privileges All users connecting through the other ports 0 will also give MDS root privileges Please note after the installation process access to Arkeia and all the backed up files is left open the root user is authorized to access all clients regardless of the machine used as a server Once Arkeia is installed the security should be tightened down as required Please note Arkeia maintains its own list of users passwords and roles independent of the operating system used II 5 ROLES management II 5 a Basics The backup administrator can create different users within Arkeia This can be used to delegate responsibility and prevent inappropriate use of the system There are three predetermined roles ADMINISTRATOR OPERATOR and USER By default a single user root exists after the installation has been completed There is no initial password This user has full read write rights across the Arkeia
192. s the start of a line except when between brackets see below dollar sign Represents the end of a line brackets Represent alternatives ab means a or b a z means any ASCII character from a to z If the open bracket is followed immediately by the caret then the alternatives are exclusions if the dash is placed right after the open bracket it represents itself Means except Examples Here are some examples of regular expressions If you wish to exclude all o and a files the exclusion filter should be stated as follows oa If you wish to exclude all gif and jpg files the exclusion filter should be stated as follows gj ip fg If you wish to qualify this exclusion by including all o and a files in the directory export home dev goodobjects the inclusion filter should be stated as follows export home dev goodobjects ao 80 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 8 Advanced Tree options screen The Tree options screen is used to configure tree settings To see the properties of a specific Tree double click on its name in the Savepacks screen or select it and click on the Tree button Type Type of tree see below Multiflow Flow number used for that tree Priority Priority of the tree in the savepack Chain Create dependencies between trees of different machines Allow to
193. s used per week As each tape should be kept two weeks before it is recycled the number of tapes should be enough for two weeks of backup Therefore at least two tapes are needed in the Total tape pool Three tapes will be created in TOTALPOOL This way one spare tape is always available for convenience The tape pool for Incremental backups is then created named INCRPOOL Incremental backup take much less space than Full backup Furthermore the Complete existing tapes policy ensure that the tapes will be completely used As three backups fill up a tape and as each tape is kept for only five days only three tapes are necessary Three tapes are created in INCRPOOL Step 2 Drivepack selection As only one drive is available our Drivepack contains only this drive and is named surprisingly ONEDRIVE 121 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Step 3 Savepack selection A Savepack is created which includes all the servers It is named FULLPACK Step 4 Periodic Backup first level creation A Periodic Backup is created named Full Backup FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and TOTALPOOL are added to this Periodic Backup The type of backup is set to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on the next Monday The backup is t
194. sabled Tapes are not processed in sequence Check if all your tapes are full Check the retention dates of your tapes and make sure one is always free recycled in time for a new backup Recreate your tapes and pre label them Use FIFO policy Tape doesn t function under Irix 6 3 You have to disable the mediad daemon using the mediad off command Tape is labelled Full but there is remaining space Arkeia labels tape Full when SCSI errors happen while writing If this happens too often check your SCSI configuration and hardware 176 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II Error codes and messages II 1 Introduction Arkeia displays error codes and standard messages when an error occur Those codes and messages can help you debug your system II 2 Error Codes Arkeia uses error codes to indicate where the issue is Those codes are explained below Error 0 OK end of tree Error 1 OK end of tree database updated Error 2 Connection error Error 3 Network error during backup Error 4 Remote command failed Error 5 End of flow abort kill Error 6 Backup with errors In case Error 3 is displayed check all network related logs In case Error 5 is displayed check the logs of the O3flow process II 3 Error messages Here are common error messages in Arkeia and their possible causes and solutions Error message Possible causes and solutions Backup c
195. se index using the graphical interface in the restoration screen 13 You can now perform regular backups on the new backup server Please note you should keep the old backup server in activity until you have made sure that your new backup server is working correctly III Removing an installed client III 1 Problem definition If you replace an old computer by a new one with a different name you may need to uninstall the client to avoid running into license issues To uninstall a client is more exactly to remove references to this client on the backup servers in the Savepacks and in the database It will also allow you to get back some disk space as the information in the database related to this machine will also be deleted Removing a client is a simple operation but it requires some operations nonetheless III 2 Procedure Follow this procedure to remove an installed client 1 Stop the nlservd daemon on the backup server using the NLSERVD stop command 2 Edit the usr knox nlp rhost lst file and remove the ITEM that corresponds to the client 3 Go to usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree 4 Remove the directory of the host you want to delete with rm fr 5 Remove the file usr knox arkeia dbase o3dbtree o3_cpnt 6 Restart the nlservd daemon with NLSERVD 7 Install the new clients if necessary 8 Start an interactive backup of a small file Ex etc hosts on each machines installed onto the network
196. ssibility of running a local server command for each level of the periodic backup function The command is executed first tapes not yet loaded and connections not yet established Please note contrary to the before and after commands used for the Savepack level the name of the machine is not included in the SYSTEM command path II 7 c Command before For each level of a periodic backup it is possible to define a local server command to be run before the backup operation This command may determine the backup execution II 7 d Command after For each level of a periodic backup it is also possible to define a local server command to be run after the backup operation 107 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II 8 The Schedule Viewer To check the scheduling of your periodic backups you can use the schedule viewer Click the Diary button in the Toolbar of the Periodic Backup window The Scheduler viewer window is then displayed on the screen Set a time interval in days from the current day to check the schedule Click on the Magnifying Glass button to display more information on a selected periodic backup The Schedule Information window is then displayed on the screen Exit this window by clicking on the checkmark OK button Please note to display the schedule of one periodic backup set the other backups to Inactive mode II 9 The Periodic
197. st once a backup has used the tape After recycling a tape is reused from its beginning and any previous data it may contain is lost Select in the Tapes Management window the tapes you want to recycle The squares in front of the tape names have to be filled up for the tape to be selected Click on the Recycle button to recycle the tapes Confirm the tape recycling Confirm your choice by clicking on the Checkmark OK button 64 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV Drivepacks IV 1 Description and use Drivepacks are a group of drives used for a specific task While most Administrators will only have one drivepack that contains all their drives many will want to use part of their drives for specific backups or will want to keep a single drive for restoration and all the others for backup etc This is the use of drivepacks Please note It is important to know that while tapes can only belong to a specific pool drives can belong to different drivepacks at the same time Backups are always done on drivepacks not on individuals drives IV 2 Description of the Drivepacks screen From the main screen click on the Devices menu then click on the Drivepacks option Or you can click on the Drivepacks button in the toolbar Name Name of the drivepack Owner Name of the creator of the drivepack Number of drives Maximum number of drive to be used for a backup
198. st set the NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE variable to yes Example NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE YES Please note If the network does not use the DHCP dynamic address allocation it is not necessary to set the NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE variable because if the FDDI network is not available it will use the Ethernet network with etc hosts file However if DHCP is used you must set the NLP_ONLYHOSTFILE II 1 f Syntax of the Arkeia specific hosts file The hosts file must contain all machine names in lower case Do not use upper case names in this file Additionally the IP address must be surround by quotes Example 193 90 5 234 hp_test II 1 g NLP_HOSTNAME usage If the NLP_HOSTNAME variable is uncommented it contains the machine name that Arkeia will substitute for the name returned by the hostname command This variable can be found in the following file usr knox nlp nlp cfg 43 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual As part of the hostname substitution process Arkeia performs a consistency check between the name specified by the NLP_HOSTNAME parameter and the name returned by the gethostname system call It is possible to associate different IP addresses with a specific machine If the name returned by the gethostname system call is different from the name defined on the NLP_HOSTNAME parameter then the IP addresses must be identical If the name returned by the gethostname system call and the name speci
199. system administrators engineers and technicians who need to install implement and operate Arkeia It is assumed that the user of the software as well as the reader of this manual has already acquired Basic knowledge of the UNIX operating system Basic expertise in ftp rcp and telnet rlogin Some knowledge of cabling and how to operate a TCP IP network Knowledge of UNIX tape devices The installation process itself does not require any prior programming knowledge in shell or in the C language Once Arkeia is installed no specific expertise is needed in UNIX to execute the software This manual can be used by non specialist users who will find clear explanations whenever special techniques are to be implemented I 2 How to use this manual I 2 a Introduction This manual has been designed and written to allow any administrator without prior knowledge of Arkeia to have a good overview of its capability as well as configure and adapt it to fulfill specific needs 6 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual It does not cover the installation For more information on the installation please refer to the Quick start guide All the Arkeia manuals are available on your CD or on our web site http www arkeia com manuals I 2 b What is Arkeia Arkeia is a very powerful and highly flexible tool integrating state of the art features The engineers and designers of Arkeia have chosen the best default configuration offe
200. t of information about your network in this way As chknlp stops at each error you need to rerun it after resolving an issue to make sure there are no other problems with another machine 200 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Correct output gt gt gt TEST FOR CERTIFICATION LEVEL TWO lt lt lt TEST 4 IN PROGRESS gt gt gt Testing connection between the local host and all known clients gt gt gt Connecting to Host c4 Internet address 89 0 0 5 Connection to host is OK gt gt gt Connecting to Host c6 Internet address 89 0 0 8 Connection to host is OK gt gt gt Connecting to Host bindernt2 Internet address 89 0 0 20 Connection to host is OK gt gt gt Connecting to Host c1 Internet address 89 0 0 1 gt gt gt Name amp Address of Local Host are already in License Server List TEST 4 OK 201 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual IV Duplicate a tape tpdup IV 1 Introduction Some System Administrators would like to be able to duplicate tapes the tape copy being stored outside of the main facility in a safe for instance As this cannot be done with standard tools due to Arkeia specific format a dedicated tool is needed This tool is tpdup Please note this tool was originally supplied with Arkeia v4 0 It is not supported anymore in version 4 2 IV 2 Requirements tpdup requires its own license and the availability of a library It won t work if you
201. t uses the same basic syntax though fewer options are actually implemented readarkeia l lt loglevel gt x t i mfv device filename1 filename2 Option Use l Please note this character is the lower case letter L Change the verbose level Use it to obtain detailed information on what is really on the tape Value can be from 10 to 80 x Extract the named files from the tape If no files are specified then all the files on the tape are extracted t List the table of contents of the tape i Get information about the tape m m tells readarkeia that we are in the middle of the tape There is no label to read f Use the next argument as the name of the device If device name is given as readarkeia reads tape data from standard input v Verbose I 3 a List tape s content To list the files present on a tape type readarkeia tvf dev st0 I 3 b Extract all the files on a tape To extract all the files present on a tape type readarkeia xvf dev st0 Please note readarkeia extracts data locally and creates a subdirectory for each host backed up Please note readarkeia scans the tape completely This operation can take some time I 3 c Extract a specific file To extract a specific file available on a tape type readarkeia xvf dev st0 machine_name path file_name Please note readarkeia scans the tape completely even if the requested file is at the beginning This operation can ta
202. tcp L 111 222 111 222 617 R 192 168 1 50 617 Allow connections on port 617 from the backup server to the client sbin ipchains A forward s 192 168 1 0 24 i eth0 j MASQ Add an entry in etc hosts on Server 111 222 111 222 myclient extdomain com myclient Duplicate a block entry for myclient on the Server in usr knox nlp rhost lst using its expected IP of 111 222 111 222 Restart NLSERVD on the backup server 47 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Remove the bogus entry for myclient in rhost lst as another should have been added that represents the real machine restart NLSERVD Remove 1 from usr knox nlp auth_OPBS cfg on client OPBS ALLOW Run Arkeia on the client connect to the firewall machine and authenticate as if you were connected to the Arkeia server on myserver intdomain com It will appear as if your Arkeia server is now residing on the firewall but the packets for port 617 are actually being forwarded to the internal Server port 617 myserver intdomain com aka 192 168 1 50 Any reverse traffic via port 617 are done through the generic internal to external MASQuerading 48 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 5 Where to backup I The Tape Pools and Drivepacks concepts I 1 Understanding the issues Any backup administrator may want to reserve in his backup policy some of his tapes and drives for specific purposes He may for example want to use half of his
203. te the machine used as a backup server to backup only tasks Using a non dedicated machine as a backup server may increase its CPU load while performing a large backup operation III 1 e IP bandwidth The backup server is the central point of the backup Therefore it must be positioned at a strategic node in the network Arkeia uses a Client Server architecture which means an Arkeia server communicates through the network with the clients that should be backed up Arkeia provides data multiplexing parallel device management as well as simultaneous access to backup machines with compression on the client side This design provides speeds that are on average 1 4 times faster than the overall network bandwidth 17 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 1 f ROOT account for installation Before the software can be installed you need to know the ROOT password for all the machines where Arkeia should be installed III 2 Prerequisites III 2 a Drivers In general Arkeia uses one device for standalone tape drives and two or more for libraries and autoloaders The standalone tape drives are controlled through the standard SCSI tape drive device of the Operating System for example dev st0 under Linux You have to make sure that your kernel is compiled to support those drivers The libraries and autoloaders use one standard tape device for each tape drive and one generic SCSI device for the library medium changer for ex
204. the Quick Start Manual and the Arkeia initial configuration chapter of this manual Backups will be directed to an empty device Please note that no restorations are possible on this type of device A Null tape is created just as a standard tape The specific configuration items that are different between the two types of tapes are the following ones Select the Null type for your tape in the scroll down menu Set the tape authorizations Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button III 3 d FILE tape creation File tapes are volumes used for backups to a block device such as a hard disk drive For more information on these devices please refer to the Initial Configuration of Arkeia chapter A File tape is created just as a standard tape The specific configuration items that are different between the two are the following ones Select the approximate size of the File device you want In the barcode field enter the path of the directory where the File tapes are going to be located This can be on any block device hard disk or magneto optical disk MOD Confirm your choices by clicking on the Checkmark OK button Please note Arkeia does not check or fill the available disk space when File devices tapes are created You must create a file library to manage File tapes 56 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 4 Tape Recyc
205. to restore a tape s content to the database from a DLT drive Use the following command usr knox bin arkrstdb d dev st0 t DLT 4000 rSTD_DLT 196 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III Testing the connectivity chknlp III 1 Introduction Networking problems are the most frequent when first configuring Arkeia Most of these networking issues come from a badly configured network failing DNS or misspelled machines names Those issues are not always very simple to solve Arkeia provides chknlp a utility to check the correct connectivity between the backup server and its clients It tests all connections the presence of all needed services and all of Arkeia s parameters It will help you find the weak spots of your network III 2 Usage The chknlp program is a binary provided with client and server to check network connectivity between client machine and backup server It is currently provided only on UNIX systems and you must be root to use this command To start chknlp just type the following command usr knox bin chknlp pause chknlp then runs four or five tests the last test being run only on the backup server 197 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual III 3 Nature of the tests III 3 a Test 0 chknlp tries to locate the Knox directory In case of error If this test fails an installation problem occurred retry installing the software Correct output gt gt gt chknlp 4 2 3 1 lt
206. ue use the information given in the How to use different TCP ports section II 4 b Standard procedure To get a backup working across the firewall the port 617 or any other port reserved for Arkeia has to be open on the firewall in both directions For this do the following 46 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Allow connections on port 617 from the client to the backup server Allow connections on port 617 from the backup server to the client Remove 1 from usr knox nlp auth_OPBS cfg on clients and backup server so it reads OPBS ALLOW instead of OPBS ALLOW 1 This allows the access to OPBS from a non reserved port II 4 c SSH configuration Another option if you want to increase security would be to use SSH to tunnel the port securely through the firewall Enter the following line on the client machine ssh g C L 617 backup server 617 your firewall adress which redirects local port 617 to the remote port specified above Then all you need to do is start the Arkeia GUI and login to localhost Short example Here s how an external Arkeia server 192 168 1 50 is set to backup an internal Arkeia client 111 222 111 222 through a Linux firewall eth0 111 222 111 2 and eth1 192 168 5 254 Allow connections on port 617 from the client to the backup server sbin ipchains A input d 111 222 111 2 p tcp s 111 222 111 222 j ACCEPT ipmasqadm portfw a P
207. ular purpose Consequently the license to use this SOFTWARE is granted as is without any promise being made In the event of a defect in the software or in the documentation the LICENSEE and not KNOX its dealers distributors agents or employees shall bear all costs needed for servicing repair or correction Under no circumstances shall KNOX or anyone else participating in the design production and delivery of this SOFTWARE be liable for any damages whether direct indirect secondary or incidental including but not limited to damages caused by loss of profit business interruption loss of information or any other loss resulting from the use of this SOFTWARE even if KNOX has been informed of the possibility of such damages Information or advice given verbally or in writing by KNOX its dealers distributors agents or employees shall not constitute a warranty nor affect in any way this warranty and as such the recipient shall not in any way depend on any such information or advice Arkeia and KNOX SOFTWARE are registered trademarks TM of Knox Software All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned in this documentation are the property of their respective owners Warranty may vary according to local regulations 4 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual 5 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual CHAPTER 1 Introduction I About this manual I 1 Who should read this manual This manual was written for
208. umber of flows you can use simultaneously is determined by your software license If you need more flows please send a request to sales arkeia com Example Let s assume a machine with four disk drives three of them being partitioned That means there are seven file systems u1 u2 u3 u4 u5 u6 and u7 Sixteen 16 flows are available but the limit should be 4 flows for this machine In the Savepack using Tree Options each partition can be assigned to a specific flow Flow 1 u1 and u2 Flow 2 u3 and u4 Flow 3 u5 and u6 Flow 4 u7 When the backup is defined the Parallelism is set to four limiting the use of flows to four 153 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual II How to limit backup speed II 1 Why should backup speed be limited By default Arkeia tries to use as much bandwidth as possible to run its backup However you may want to save some network bandwidth for others jobs You may also have some network problems as some parts of your installation may be slower or have more issues than others In this case it can be useful to control the backup speed thus making sure that your network won t be completely saturated II 2 How to limit backup speed II 2 a The graphical cruise control With the graphical interface you can limit the backup speed by using the cruise control slider In the Backup Monitor window use the slider to chan ge the backup speed II
209. ups can change that can happen if you want the first backup of the week to be Total backup and the six remaining ones to be Incremental 114 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual For those backups you may have to define different levels of backup most of the time you have to add one level for each particularity in the scheduling You can have up to three 3 levels on a given backup Please note two levels of backup should not be started on the same day This could prevent the correct backup of data over a complete week I 2 c Periodic Backup Assistant Arkeia provides a Periodic Backup assistant that can help you to set your backup policy up If you don t feel confident in setting your policy manually try configuring a periodic backup with the assistant first I 2 d Tips and techniques Here are some tips to avoid problems in setting up your backup policy If you plan to remove some instances in the scheduling screen you need to create a multi level periodic backup If you create a multi level periodic backup make sure each level starts on a different day than the others If you start all your levels on the same day your scheduling will break down very quickly If you plan to run for example a backup on the first Monday of the month by adjusting to Day of the week to create a monthly backup start the backup the 1st of the month As Arkeia adjusts to the next instance that follows the regula
210. venience The Tape pool for incremental backups is then created and named INCRPOOL 134 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Incremental backups take less space than Total backups particularly when they are based on themselves The Complete existing tapes policy ensures complete use of tapes As a week of backups fills up a tape and as a tape is kept for five days only one tape is really necessary For the sake of convenience two tapes are created in our INCRPOOL Step 2 Drivepack selection As only one tape drive is available one Drivepack is created including this one drive and is called ONEDRIVE Step 3 Savepack selection A Savepack is created including all the servers to be backed up It is named FULLPACK Step 4 Full Backup first level creation A Periodic Backup is created called Full Backup 135 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and TOTALPOOL are added to this first level We set the type of the backup to Total Backup the Periodicity to 1 week and the Validity to 2 weeks The tape policy is set to Always use a new tape and the backup is set to start on Monday The backup is adjusted to a Day of week Monday Step 5 Full Backup second level creation A level is added to Full Backup FULLPACK ONEDRIVE and INCRPOOL are added to this
211. w Savepack TREE A Tree can be a hostname in this case Arkeia will backup the entire machine a directory in this case the entire directory and its subdirectories will be backed up a file in this case Arkeia will only backup the selected file 82 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual OBJECT An Object file will back up and restore the result of the standard output of a command entered in the object backup restore command field The object file does not exist in the machine tree itself but is created via Arkeia by specifying the machine name then the object name Please note in contrast with the before after backup commands do not enter a machine name in the Object backup restore command fields RAW The Raw file is an entire hard disk image copy or a partition Use the navigator to select the name of the partition or the disk appearing in the dev directory of your UNIX machine 83 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual SAVEPACK The SAVEPACK type screen can only be displayed if you have selected a tree which is a Savepack II 9 a Multiflow parallel processing on one machine By default Arkeia uses a sequential procedure to back up the trees selected on a single machine same flow 0 To run parallel backups the trees from a single machine are separated into several parts by entering a number made in the MULTIFLOW field Please note Trees with the sa
212. will be linked and processed according to their Priority Please note Chaining has to be used with the Priority function These two functions are complementary and are actually almost useless when set alone 156 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual V Configuring compression in Arkeia V 1 Introduction By default Arkeia always compresses the data it backs up This is done on the client itself and allows an optimal network throughput By default the compression algorithm is LZ1 You may want to increase compression or adjust it according to the type of file being backed up V 2 Compression settings V 2 a Savepacks You can set a specific compression method by using the graphical interface and modifying the option in the Savepack Option screen or in the Tree Option screen Go to the Savepack Option or Tree Option screen and set the desired compression type V 2 b Setting a default compression method for a particular client It is possible to set a specific configuration for each tree that will replace the other settings Arkeia will then apply this configuration instead of the Savepack settings This specific configuration is created by adding the following line to usr knox nlp nlp cfg PREFERRED_COMPRESSION value Where value can be 0 1 or 2 This code correspond to the following compression Code Compression algorithm 0 No compression 1 LZ1 fast compression 2 L
213. with backup systems based on adaptations of the tar or cpio formats which are antiquated and quite inflexible this features allows Restorations that provide rigorously identical files on the same OS while respecting special functions and capabilities Restoration that minimizes the data loss on environments which have less features than the original operating systems e g loss of UNIX file group or owner for a file restored on Windows Easy backup and restoration of system features Windows registry Extensibility compatibility and interoperability with different operating systems Therefore the long term investment in this backup solution is guaranteed not by patches but by its architecture and design III 4 The X11 graphical user interface module This module is the interface between the backup server and the user It may be installed on any machine equipped of the X11 interface but is usually located on the backup server The interface is a group of X11 client programs that can be displayed on any X11 server R4 R5 R6 or graphic workstation Its characteristics colors fonts images can be fully configured for maximum user comfort Its technology has been designed to prevent the excessive use of resources frequently found in X11 Motif applications It provides unique functions such as animated icons toolbar context sensitive menus vu meters tips and multiple languages It manages The
214. y exceptions 103 Programmed execution diagram with exceptions 103 II 6 a Adding a level 104 II 6 b Changing a level 104 II 6 c Deleting a level 105 II 7 The Advanced options screen 105 II 7 a Exception occurrences management 106 II 7 b System command 107 II 7 c Command before 107 II 7 d Command after 107 II 8 The Schedule Viewer 108 II 9 The Periodic Backup Assistant
215. yellow and buttons 101 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Select the date of the first backup with the yellow and buttons If an Adjustment is selected the actual date will be the adjusted day that follows the date of first backup Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 5 Periodic Backup deletion Select the Backup you want to delete in the Periodic Ba ckup window Click on the Trash can icon to delete the backup Confirm the backup deletion Confirm your choices by clicking on the checkmark OK button II 6 Managing the Periodic Backup levels An administrator may want to be able to run various backups that are more or less dependent on each other For instance he may want to make sure two backups with different periodicity or type cannot run the same day He may need to base one backup on another when doing backups of Incremental type The way Arkeia handle this is to offer various levels in a backup definition each being a specific backup that can or cannot be dependent on the backups of lower level Arkeia manages three levels for each backup In any case the Level 1 backup has priority over the Level 2 which has priority on Level 3 The first level has the longer time interval in comparison with the second level and so on as illustrated below 102 Arkeia v 4 2 User Manual Example

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