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How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory

1. 4 C pS l k AL G DIgSILENT Technical Documentation How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 DIgSILENT GmbH Heinrich Hertz Strasse 9 D 72810 Gomaringen Tel 49 7072 9168 0 Fax 49 7072 9168 88 http www digsilent de e mail mail digsilent de How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 Published by DIgSILENT GmbH Germany Copyright 2008 All rights reserved Unauthorised copying or publishing of this or any part of this document is prohibited How_to_use_V14 doc Document Version 2 2 PowerFactory Version 14 0 507 20 October 2008 Revision History Doc vers PF version Date pennan 2 2 14 0 507 20 10 2008 Slight error corrections Update of the Contingency Analysis Chapter 2 1 14 0 507 06 10 2008 Description Drawing of Existing Elements updated Chapter Network Reduction updated Equation Droop of Static Generator added 2 0 14 0 505 14 07 2008 General review chapter about Protection Coordination Wizard updated detailed description of the Network Reduction added chapter about Study Time added description of Static Generator enhanced figure short circuit currents definitions added 14 0 504 20 05 2008 Modification of Title 14 0 504 19 05 2008 Modification of structure 14 0 504 14 05 2008 Final Draft How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 iii SILEN
2. SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions y 5 3 Contingency Analysis The Contingency analysis has been re engineered completely In the following a description of the main functions is given 5 3 1 Launching Contingency Analysis The contingency analysis is a load flow analysis with some elements out of service There is a button provided for Es contingency analysis in PowerFactory To see the button choose the icon on the Select Toolbar see Figure 5 2 s P ser a KE pol Ta e Te FE ES Figure 5 2 The Contingency Analysis Toolbar om ES The icon of contingency analysis is now visible on the first row of icons at the top of the screen 5 3 2 Basic Options Method You can select between a Single Time Phase Method and a Multiple Time Phase Method With the Single Time Phase selected you can calculate one post contingency time phase If you select the Multiple Time Phase method you can specify a list with time phases in the Calculation Settings section Calculation Method AC Load Flow calculation The contingency analysis uses an iterative AC load flow calculation to calculate the power flow per contingency case This method is used for very precise calculations How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 58 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions DC Load Flow calculation The contingency analysis uses a linear DC load flow calculation to calculate the active power
3. Basic Options How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 66 5 5 Network Reduction The typical application of network reduction is a project where a specific network has to be analyzed but this network cannot be studied independent of a neighboring network of the same or of a higher or lower voltage level In this case it is one option to have both networks modeled in detail for the calculation There however may be situations when it is not desirable to perform the studies with the complete model This is the case for instance when the calculation times would increase significantly or when the data of the neighboring network should not be published in detail In these cases it is good practise to provide an representation of the neighboring network which contains the interface nodes connection points which may be connected by equivalent impedances and voltage sources The network reduction algorithm produces an equivalent representation of the reduced part and calculates its parameters The equivalent will be valid for both load flow and short circuit calculations even for asymmetrical faults single phase faults for example 5 5 1 Executing the Reduction Process The cut through the grid which devides the network into a part that shall remain in its original detailed representation the retained grid and a part that is to be reduced i e shall be represented by a simplified equivalent grid is defined by means of a Bound
4. If you select the variation on the left window of the data manager you will see the list of expansion stages on the right panel The activation time for each stage will be listed there as well 2 3 2 5 Editing the Activation Times of Expansion stages To edit the activation time of an expansion stage go to the variation in the data manager First you have to deactivate the complete variation If you select the variation on the left window of the data manager you will see the list of expansion stages on the right panel Double click the stage you want to edit to open the Edit dialog Use the Ml button to change the activation time for the stage You can also exclude the stage from activation 2 3 2 6 Setting a Expansion stage as the Recording Stage The recording expansion stage is the stage in which the latest changes by the user are saved When a variation is activated for a study case the activation times of the expansion stages are compared with the time of the study Case and the stage with the largest activation time but smaller than or equal to the study time is automatically selected as the recording stage The user has the possibility to set the recording stage explicitly by right clicking on the expansion stage and choosing Set recording Expansion stage in which case the study time will be changed to the activation time of the corresponding stage 2 3 2 7 Displaying the Recording Expansion stage in the Status Bar Sta
5. Table of Contents Z Table of Contents E BI ssl UCUION recreirai aA a EREE AAEN AED 1 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssss sss 1 2 1 General Arrangement of Data in the Project Folder esse sse eee eee 1 E n TMS DEAN Y iina A 2 22 MS NETWORK M del A A 3 21 3 Operation EU O oa 4 ZA nn Te ATT d SON Ma TT 5 23 Me Network Mode aida 6 2 33 H NetWork TOPOlOGY HAN add 6 AI a e Tela LTH 11 ZV INGCW OMI R Tele TTT TET 16 2 4 1 Creating a new Substation in an Overview Diagram sse ee eee eee e ee ee ee ee ee eee e eee eee 16 2 4 2 Show Detailed Substation A aa 18 2 4 3 Creating a Composite Branch from Template sss sees 18 LAA Drawing Existing TAN SA 19 2 4 5 Drawing Existing Lines Switch Gears and Transformers coccoccocconconionnoninncnnonnnononnrononnraronnrnnennrnrennrnnenass 19 2 4 6 The Active Grid Folder Target Folder sss esse sese eee eee 20 23 TNS Operational DVM AS 20 2 5 1 RUNNING Arrangements oracle atachaotees 21 2 5 2 MVAr Limits Curves Capability Curves iii da a eds 23 2 06 Operation SCONANOS clado 25 2 6 1 Creating a new Operation Scenario sss ss sese ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss sese ss sese sese sees nenen nenen nenen 25 20 2 ACUVaunaran ODEFALIOMN Scenaro T 27 20 3 Saving AMOO ia 29 2 6 4 Deactivating an Operation SC MAMiO cccceceeeeceeeseceeceeseceecneancecceeancescneanceeceeonsescusoncesonsonseensnseesneonses 31 2 6 5 Performing
6. The activation time of the variation is automatically set according to the expansion stages stored inside the starting time is the activation time of the earliest expansion stage the complete time is the activation time of the latest expansion stage If no expansion stages are defined the activation time is set by default to 01 01 1970 The Contents button can be used to list in a data browser the expansion stages stored inside the variation A variation can be copied within the current active project or in other projects it can only be deleted if not active To create a expansion stage right click on the target variation and select New gt Expansion stage Alternatively while the variation is selected click on the New Object button in the icon bar of the Data Manager Set the Element field to Expansion stage IntSstage Press OK The dialogue of the new expansion stage pops up There you can define the name of the new expansion stage and its activation time The option Exclude from activation can be enabled in order to put the expansion stage out of service If the parent variation is active the user is asked after pressing OK on the new expansion stage dialogue if the new expansion stage should be set as the recording variation An affirmative answer automatically adapts the study time to the activation time of the expansion stage You can create as many expansion stages as needed for the study The expan
7. because data will be completed on saving GH Diagrams ce Network Data TRT Operation Scenario High Load Variations EAD Operation Scenario Low Load Operation Scenarios TEP Operation Scenario High Loa Ea Operation Scenaro Low Load cml Study Cases Figure 2 17 An asterisk indicates unsaved changes in Operation Scenarios A modified Operation Scenario can be saved to database by e the menu entry Save Operation Scenario in PowerFactorys main menu File see Figure 2 14 e the button Save in the dialogue window of the Operation Scenario see Figure 2 21 e The button Save Operation Scenario in the main icon bar see Figure 2 18 e the context menu right mouse button entry Save of the Operation Scenario Figure 2 19 Additionally an auto save for Operation Scenario data is available which will always save a modified scenario automatically This option can be enabled on the Data Manager tab in the PowerFactory user settings main menu Tools gt User Settings see Figure 2 20 If the Save Interval is set to O minutes each modification will immediately be saved to the database DIeSILENT PowerFactory 14 0 Graphic Diagrams Iransmission Grid 1 Fie Edit Calculation Data Cutput Tools Window Help Se Ga RPh Re Oe k e EE a TS Na 106 at 9 B ae amp Ge Save Operation Scenario Pa Figure 2 18 The button Save Operation Scenario in the main icon bar How To Use t
8. depend on the loading before the fault and the duration of the contingency PowerFactory considers the duration of contingencies by means of the option Post Contingency from the Time Phase field of the load flow command If this option is selected only recommended for calculations related to Contingency Reliability analyses the Post Contingency time duration of contingency must also be defined In this case only the automatic tap changers and the switchable shunt devises whose time constants are smaller than the defined time phase are considered 5 2 Short Circuit Analysis The Complete Method for calculating short circuits has been upgraded e Amore precious Peak Current ip is calculated now based on the accurate subtransient short circuit calculated with the complete method and the R X ratio based on the IEC 60909 e The Breaking Current I RMS value is calculated based on the subtransient short circuit current of the complete method and the transient short circuit current which is calculated by the complete method as well e The Peak Breaking Current I is calculated from the RMS breaking current I and the decaying d c component e The Thermal Equivalent Short Circuit Current In is calculated as well e Loads can have a contribution to the short circuit current which will be defined in the load element Current Figure 5 1 Definition of Short Circuit Currents How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 57
9. 0 3 1 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y nn a Operation Scenario enariostperation Scenario High Load IntScene rio AAN Basic Data Description Mame Operation Scenario High Load a A AMADO Cancel cave Save as Reporting Reporting AA aC Figure 2 21 Dialogue of the Operation Scenario object showing the Basic Data page 2 6 6 Copying a Subset of an Operation Scenario to Another Operation Scenario The operational data are recorded in several subsets inside an Operation Scenario The data of each subset can be transferred from one Operation Scenario to another Suppose the Running Arrangement Selections from Operation Scenario Low Load must be applied to Operation Scenario High Load First Activate the target Operation Scenario here Operation Scenario High Load Then display the subsets of the source Operation Scenario here Operation Scenario Low Load on the right hand side of a data manager window Right click on the subset to be applied here RA Selections and choose Apply see Figure 2 22 ES Data Manager Operation ScenariosW peration Scenario Low Load 3 x Ba Be DA AA EE oH Diagrams 38 Network Data E Demand Data Demand E AK Variations Clam Operation Scenarios Laca Switch Staluses E Operation Scenaro High Load K vug Selections cp Eh Operation Scenario Low Load ren HIRR E Ems Edit Voltage cml Study Cases icul v
10. Mvar IN MYA kA JA Liconsa Distibution Power System DER 03 306061 OE _ostese 0 70000 a 7 slgemeine Last Transmision Power System f PRI EE E NES E TS Feeder Distribution Power System be Jo 1 oez Ni om os gt FeederB __ Distibuion PowerSystem oe pa 1s 2 O o a b Industrial Area E istribution Power System DEF o Iae Distibution Power System MA SY G oema oa S TT System DEF o os oms jes ooa e 7 eam o Distibution Power System DE W os oos Aws oma 08 Doue erm N na lr Bem drea Mistribuitinn Prower Gusten PEE 1197729 EE t 4 41 K NI Genie Page Settings d Basic Data y Load Flow WDE IEC Short Circuit Eull Short Circuit ANS efort Circuit 7 AMS Simulation EMT Simulation i Ln 5 9 objectis of 9 1 objectis selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 16 Blue highlighted operational data in a browser window How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 28 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model z 2 6 3 Saving an Operation Scenario A new Operation Scenario may be created by selecting from the main menu File gt Save Operation Scenario 1 ASi a If any operational data of a network component is changed while an Operation Scenario is active that scenario is considered to be modified The modifications are not saved as indicated by an asterisk in the icon for the Operation Scenario Further an incomplete Operation Scenario is also considered modified
11. To create a new element in each of these folders first select the folder by clicking once on it Then press the New Object button and choose from the selection the element you want to create How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 2 2 1 2 The Network Model The Network Model contains the electrical and graphical information of the grid To improve the general survey these information is split into two folders now Diagrams and Network Data In an additional folder Variations all expansion stages for planning purposes are stored Together with the so called Operation Scenario the Variations substitute the previous concept of system stages 2 1 2 1 Network Data The electrical data may be sorted according to logical or organizational and or geographical areas consequently several Grid folders stored together within the Network Data folder are defined 2 1 2 2 Diagrams When you draw a grid all graphic information will be stored in this folder automatically 2 1 2 3 Variations In order to plan or assess the network under different topology configurations we would like to be able to create variations of the current network It would be useful if these variations are linked to the original data so that changes made in the original network are automatically transferred to the variation Additionally these variations should be placed in a time frame in order to allow scheduled expansion plans PowerFactory uses object
12. activated is able to modify the activation time of expansion stages so that the order in which they take effect in the model is changed The activation times of the stages return to their original values when the Variation Scheduler is deactivated The user can define a Variation Scheduler which includes all the stages of the variation setting different activation times and not considering certain stages If the scheduler is activated the activation order of the stages will be determined by the study time and the activation times set in the scheduler regarding of course the out of service options from the Scheduler In this case the settings from the expansion stages objects IntSstage are ignored The user can define as many as required variation scheduler in a variation but only one can be activated at a time In order to create a Variation Scheduler open a Data Manager and display on the left hand side the variation in which the scheduler must be inserted Right click on the variation and choose New gt Variation Scheduler As alternative you may click on the New Object button and select Variation Scheduler IntScheduler The dialogue of the new Scheduler will pop up The stages from the variation will be automatically referred in the new scheduler Press the Contents button to open a data browser listing the included stages with their activation times and out of service options The activation time and the out of service opti
13. all objects automatically from Modi Handle Conflicts from Mod en te FG Delete assignment me A stage Delete assignment with Child bhical Net Ele ing Delete all assignments Compare with Print Comparison Report inal Check Assignments SI I Free Cot __ Group dependent Objects 1 onere SserlecieU muonere compared 19 object s mc Figure 3 9 MergeTool Context menu 1 Assigns selected objects and all objects contained by them 2 Option to manually align objects for comparison gt Affected objects and all their contained objects are recompared 3 3 6 Comparing Objects with the Merge Tool An object which exists in the two projects might be identified as two different objects because of changes to the object name To get the merge tool to identifying these objects as the same object you can select the object in the first project and compare it individually with the project in the second project Select Objects to compare Object in Base sy Load Tepes oltge Dependency DE Object in Mod kd ad Types Voltage Dependency Cancel Parent Object Object in Mod Figure 3 10 Select objects to compare How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 46 To compare the objects e right click the first object in the merge tool and select Compare with Thus the object is selected as the Object in Base in the upcoming dialog e Select the object in the second proje
14. flow per case This method is used for very fast calculations Normally you will analyse the whole grid with all contingencies by DC Load Flow Calculation to find the critical contingencies Afterwards you can analyse this critical contingencies using the AC load flow calculation Contingency Analysis PhaseiContingency Analysis ComSimoutage a Basic Options Effectiveness Advanced Options simoutagede upecon enttime Method Single Time Phase Execute Close Cancel Calculation Method AC Load Flow Calculation Update Y DC Load Flow Calculation Calculation Settings Load Flow Settings gt a se Lastlubberechnung i Consider Specific Time Phase Post Contingency Time End of Time Phase E mir Limits for Recording Different limits for Base Case Max thermal loading of components 890 E Lower limit of allowed voltage 0 95 p u Upper limit of allowed voltage 1 05 D U LA agirmunm voltage step change 5 E Contingencies Shor Add Cases Groups Remove All 8 of 8 contingencies are curently considered 0 not analysed Results kad Contingency Analysis 1 Figure 5 3 Basic Options of the Contingency Analysis How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 5 9 Calculation Settings With the Single Time Phase selected you can calculate one post contingency time phase If you don t enable the checkbox Consider Specific Time Phase the time phase will be set to 0 min this
15. full representation whereas the part that shall be reduced is erased and the new simplified grid representation is added with the connections to the other part of the grid i e to the part which is not reduced The new system stage s will therefore represent the combined grid retained grid and reduced equivalent The new system stages will be activated automatically in the active study case In case one or more single line graphic diagrams were available in the system stage s with the original grid these graphics will be available also in the new system stage s with the combined partly retained and partly reduced grid The first time the new study case will be activated automatically at the end of network reduction procedure and these graphics are shown the elements of the part of the grid that has been reduced in any of them were shown appear in grey colour as ghost elements Deactivating and re activating the project will make them disappear permanently they were graphic elements only and had no corresponding elements in the data base in the new system stage s How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 68 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions The elements of the equivalent grid equivalent branches equivalent shunts equivalent injections are stored in the data base but have no graphic image for the moment You can easily draw them making use of the PowerFactory tool Draw Existing Net Element
16. objects and differences d Use the stop button to stop the merge tool to stop a command e g print a long report It is NOT possible to stop the merging process when started How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 44 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 3 3 4 Introducing the Merge Tool Browser a eee E 37 Stage Object d GOO 1 Schemes Network Scheme Je o re GCO_1 Diagrams SGL Free Graphical Net Ele l S K P Y up q T j 1 P e 3 Networke Data Grd ee o T Y remos in as H H E A A A AA tne Data Gb emi Fs Col Y S T Figure 3 8 MergeTool Layout 1 gt The balloon help shows the compared objects 2 gt Dependent objects are indented gt After the action Compare with recompared objects are highlighted 3 gt The balloon help shows a list of modified parameters if the object was modified gt Double clicking assigns the object 4 gt Objects assigned from another source as the default one are highlighted gt Only visible if merge option was chosen 5 gt Only visible if merge option was chosen How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 45 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 3 3 5 Introducing the Merge Tool Context Menu al 2 Cnemes NET BRES 3CTETHE 531906 0J Show Object Bi C1 onc a Assign H automa tically FE Assign with Childs K from Base l i Assign
17. start the wizard either e Select the Protection toolbar in the main icon bar of PowerFactory e Press the Protection Coordination Wizard button as shown in Figure 5 6 or e Click with the right mouse button on an element in the single line diagram which is part of the feeder i e the part of the grid for which you want to coordniate the protection devices e Select Calculate gt Protection Coordination Wizard from the context sensitive menu as depicted in Figure 5 7 LEl Study Case va 5 Protective device coordination wizard B 4 ce E M By ow eae T lt Figure 5 6 The Protection Coordination Wizard button in the Protection toolbar How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 64 Edit Data Edit and Browse Data Baker Str Switch OFF Switch On ee e Isolate i x x r S S x 7 x S E i E Define K gt KI UT 2 Add to Show K Path F Lei 0 b Calculate Short Circuit Output Data K Multiple Faulks L Execute DPL Scripts Railway Station ype e Feeder Tools Outage Simulation n k l l i i Create Textbox l l l E i Redraw Element eta Disconnect Element l l l Reconnect Element Protective device coordination wizard Cut Copy Delete Element Delete Graphical Object only J Carter Str A Lincoln Str Central M Shift to Layer K Edit Line Points Snap to Grid Hide Result Box
18. terminals shown The marked or selected element can now be visualised or drawn by clicking somewhere in the active diagram This element is drawn and disappears from the list Note that the number of elements in the list can increase or decreases depending on how many elements are a distant away from the element lastly drawn Scroll down the list in case only certain elements have to be visualised Close the window and press ESC to return the Cursor to normal The drawn terminals can be moved rotated or manipulated in various ways 2 4 5 Drawing Existing Lines Switch Gears and Transformers Similar to the terminals 7 elements like lines and transformers connecting the terminals in the substation can be drawn Press the button Drawing existing Net Elements E Afterwards select the symbol ln for lines from the drawing toolbox for transformers select the symbol and so on Similar to terminals a list of all the lines or transformers or elements which you have chosen in the network that are not in the active diagram are listed Reduced the list by pressing the button Elements which can be completely connected Y at the top of the window with the list A list of lines with both terminals in the active diagram is pre selected If the list is empty then there are no lines connecting any two unconnected terminals in the active diagram For each selected line or transformers a pair of terminals to which th
19. the user then the value taken by the program to perform the calculations will be the first value of the characteristic if the trigger is set to December the last value of the characteristic will be assumed 2 1 4 Study Cases Once the network data has been entered and set we will want to perform various studies for example load flow various short circuits time dependant simulations etc It would be useful if the results of these studies could also be stored for review or repeated later The concept of the Study Case is the same as it was in previous versions of PowerFactory In version 14 all study cases are stored inside a folder called Study Cases to make the project folder well arranged How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 4 SILENT 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model y 2 2 Study Time PowerFactory V14 extends the idea of a model into the dimension of time The model may span a period of months or even years considering network expansions planned outages and other system events The period of validy of a project specifies therefore the time span the model is valid for If you want to use this functionality you have to define the Validity Period of a project The Study Case has got a Study Time which has to be inside the Validity Period of the Project The Study Time defines the point in time you wish to analyse PowerFactory will use the Study Time in conjunction with time dependent network expansi
20. xE SILEN 3 Data Organisation y 3 Data Organisation For version 14 a lot of enhancements have been done to improve the data organisation As highlights the Versions the new import export file formats pfd are described here 3 1 Versions To fix and safe a certain state of the project there is a new possibility in PowerFactory to create Versions of the project A Version is a snapshot of a Project taken at a certain point of time By means of versions the historic development of a Project can be controlled and reverted if required From the database point of view a version is a read only copy of the original project at the moment of creation which is stored inside a version object IntVersion Version objects are stored inside the original project in a folder called versions 3 1 1 Creating a version To create a version e Activate the project e Right click the project and select New gt Version e Inthe upcoming dialog you can select if you want to create o a regular version where all users will be notified and can update their projects o atest version which is a internal version and the user will get no notification The user is able to create a derived project from a regular as well from a test version How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 34 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 Version Version Int ersion Cancel _ Version Type C Regular version le Te
21. 1 22 58 Bernd Weise u Sara Trannen Graphical Net Object13 TF Gi 23 04 2008 11 22 54 Bernd Weise tae Graphical Net Object16 i 23 04 2008 11 22 58 Bernd Weise xb Mvar Limits Curves a Outages GCO_1 23 04 2008 11 22 58 Bemd Weise Running Arrangements Labeld_genstat i 23 04 2008 11 24 44 Bemd Weise ad Thermal Ratings EA Scripts Sh Templates SH Userdefined Models E Network Model S amp H Diagrams EH DBBTdetailed iF Grid Network Data X Grid 280 Areas i Virtual Power Plants GA Boundaries GD Circuits Gt Feeders 7 62 Operators ZZZ Owners Paths Ses Routes Zones E A Variations E Variation 2009 tp Expansion Stage 2 A cif Operation Scenarios Eb Operation Scenario High Load fh Operation Scenario Low Load m8 Study Cases 58 Study Case 3 Summary Grid df Variation Configuration O Graphics Board H 24 Settings x Ln 1 7 object s of 7 1 object s selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 1 Data Arrangement in the Data Manager How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 1 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 1 1 The Library The library contains the equipment types like in older versions of PowerFactory special operational informations DPL scripts templates and user defined models To make the library well arranged in PowerFactory Version 14 t
22. Actions on Operation Scenarios sees eee eee e e ee ee ee ee eee eee 31 2 6 6 Copying a Subset of an Operation Scenario to Another Operation ScenarlO ccoccccoccocecconeanoneanonconeanonenns 32 2 07 COMpParing TWO Operation SCCNANOS is cece cnc e Ea ies rocas dc H eaa Riad daa Ha 33 3 Data Organisaatio ani cidade 34 Gide EOS o E 34 Sl R euet sla cE VEO ii a de ii id 34 iZ RONDA FUNCION coman a a a ak bec a evans ee a kane ee 35 3 1 3 Checking dependencies Of a VerSiON cocconccoroncnaroncnaroncnarancnarancnaranr nara ne narra narra narra narrar near nenennenns 35 Si DEVON i 36 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 IV BZ Derved Hene lia 36 3 3 Merging Projects Version 40 E L Staring the Merge TOO A AAA 40 33 Seting Up Ine MeIge TO ia 41 3 3 3 Introducing the Merge Tool Main Toolbar sss ss ss ssc sese s esse eee 42 3 3 4 Introducing the Merge Tool Browser sss sss sese s sese sees ce eee eee eee 45 3 3 5 Introducing the Merge Tool Context Menus esse sss sees eee s eee e eee eee 46 3 3 6 Comparing Objects with the Merge TOO ui a keer annaeae ssa A 46 3 4 New File Format PFD for Import and Export of Project Data sss sese ee eee eee eee 47 4 Models of Power System Components cccscscscnesessssseeeesenenenensneneceeeeeeueueuenensnsnsaeeesesseueuenensanananaeees 48 File State Generat FAA nak matauaid cd nmhen ani eatatiaasatounued atic 48 Fel BASIC Dri 48 Aico Load VOW pas 49 413 VDE TEC SNOFECIFCUE Dala
23. Capability Curve Input Mode Default ka Bll Active Power ES Pas Reactive Power oO Mar a m Frim Frequency Bias 10 MW JH lt 0 333 0 333 1 008 00 Reactive Power Limits Capability Curve Mvar Limite Curves Capability Curve Scaling Factor min 11 UU e Scaling Factor mas i UU e Active Power Operational Limits Min D Miia Max 12 ba Active Power Ratings May B MW Rating Factor 11 l Pri Figure 4 2 Static Generator Load Flow Data How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 49 4 1 3 VDE IEC Short Circuit Data For short circuit analysis according to IEC 60909 VDE 0102 you can specify whether the Static Generator shall have a contribution to the short circuit or not In order to let the Static Generators fed into the short circuit enable the option Static converter fed drive With this option enabled a Static Generator will have a contribution like a Static converter fed drive according to IEC 60909 e It has a contribution to 1 and to ip e It has no contribution to I or L In IEC 60909 the contribution of a Static converter fed drive to I is defined by l l U _ l l U lip Ay S byi lir tEn SM e X 0 995 Z R X 0 e With IE 0 EF e The index rM specifies the rating of the static converter transformer on the network side or the rating of the static converter if no transformer is present 4 1 4 Full Short Circuit Data If you want to d
24. E S Settings KS ars Test Project Apply 3 Recycle Bin Show K Y Settings Find K Trainings Execute DPL Scripts Ln 1 6 objects of 6 1 objectis selected Drag amp Drop Cut Figure 2 22 Applying subsets from one Operation Scenario to another How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 dz SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model 2 2 6 7 Comparing two Operation Scenarios If one of the Operation Scenarios to be compared is activated deactivate it Right click one of the Operation Scenarios and select compare from the context menu A window is opened from which we can select the other Operation Scenario to which we want to compare see Figure 2 23 PowerFactory prints the differences between both Operation Scenarios in the output window ES Data Manager Operation sce narias O peration Scenario Low Load Seles Bela x see 0 eae lt oH Diagrams d Network Data Hite Demand Data Demand PY v Variations Generation Patterns Ee Elia w eee tae MEN Ema Local Switch Statuses eration Scenario High Loa sw JRA Selections T Ia Please Select Operation Scenario Se E E Project E E Library Se Network Model Fl cit Operation Scenarios gud S Eb 15 peratio In Scenario High Loack l ance Ef Operation Scenario Low Load da Study Cases Bel Settings l Figure 2 23 Selecting Operation Scenarios to compare them How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0
25. Synchronous Machine 1 A Synchronous Machine 2 Non Dispatchable Machines Available Static Generator Fuel Cell ues fe 7 Static Generator Photovoltaic new Static Generator Photovoltaic Ment Order Figure 4 4 Virtual Power Plant How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 55 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions 5 Power System Analysis Functions 5 1 Load Flow Analysis This section describes the new features of the load flow calculation command of PowerFactory 5 1 1 DC Load Flow linear In addition to the AC load flow calculations PowerFactory offers a so called DC load flow calculation method applied to AC systems for fast analyses of complex transmission networks where only the flow of active power trough the branches is to be regarded In this case the nonlinear system resulting from the nodal equations is simplified based on the dominant relation that exists between voltage angle and active power flow in high voltage networks in order to obtain a set of linear equations where the voltage angles of the buses are directly related to the active power flow through the reactances of the individual models The DC load flow does not require an iterative process and the calculation speed is considerably increased Only active power flow without losses is considered 5 1 2 Reference Bus and Balancing If As Dispatched is selected in the Active Power Control field additional options
26. Terminal and Components cells on the table By default the Orientation direction used to determine the interior region is set to the branch you can change it in order to direct the definition of the internal region to the connected terminal Cubicles can be retired from a Boundary by selecting Delete rows from the context sensitive menu of the table in the element dialogue The selected color at the bottom of the dialogue is used to represent the boundary in the single line diagrams Each element in the graphic is colored according to the following criteria How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 9 SILENT 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model y e If it uniquely belongs to one interior region of a boundary to be drawn its color will be assigned to that specific boundary color e If it belongs to exactly two of the interior regions of the boundaries to be drawn its will be represented with dashed lines in the specific boundary colors e If it belongs to exactly more than two of the interior regions of the boundaries to be drawn its will be represented with dashed lines in black and the color selected for multiple intersections The Edit Interior Elements button can be used to list in a data browser all the components included in the internal region The Mark Interior Region button marks all the components of the interior region in the selected network diagram Topological changes in the network
27. Types Gen iim SVCs Equipment Types Design Types Gen ap X Operational Library Mvar Limit Curvyes 500 MW Thermal Generator 11 Added in Modl DIigSI info 1 modified Element s selected Lni4 109 objects 1 object s selected 107 object s not yet assigned Target Mod2 Figure 3 7 MergeTool Main window Show Object eat gt Shows one of the parameter dialogs for selected object gt The object for which the dialog is shown is chosen in the source selection dialog Refreshes the table gt The comparison is not refreshed RS Buttons for assignment gt Only active if merge option was chosen in the object selection dialog Handle conflicts gt Shows the source selection dialog and assigns all compared objects with conflicts or undefined status empty but it does not overwrite older assignments How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 42 SILEN 3 Data Organisation y Assigns all compared objects automatically according to the following table Modi Mod2 Assign from Target A Mod2 A Mod1 Mod2 Mod1 Mod2 Mod1 Modified both but equal Target A A Else None ras None A None A A Modified both but equal Target Else None Target f Assigns all selected objects automatically see above E Assigns all selected objects from Base 1 Assigns all selected objects from Mod1 2 Assigns all
28. acia N AREE EEA 55 Figure Sl Definition R eiZ Sleep eH 57 Figure 5 2 The Contingency Analysis Toolbar iaa ara 58 Figure 5 3 Basic Options of the Contingency ANalySiS ooccconioncioncconioncconinnccononnonanonnanaronnanaronnonarennonarrrnnenarennenarcnrenarcaninanon 59 Figure 5 4 Dialogue of Contingency Analysis showing the Configuration pade sss sese sees eee eee ee ee ee ee eee eee 61 Figure 5 5 Contents of the Faults folder in the operational library sese eee ee eee eee eee ee eee eee 62 Figure 5 6 The Protection Coordination Wizard button in the Protection toolbar ooccccncccnccocccocncocnnncnonononanonnononanonanonanonanons 64 Figure 5 7 Starting the Protection Coordination Wizard from the context sensitive menu ses see eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 65 Figure 5 8 The Protection Coordination Wizard dialogue Basic Options sss esse sees sese eee ereenn 66 Figure 5 9 The Network Reduction button in the Additional Tools icon bar sss sss sees sees eee eee eee 68 Figure 5 10 Network Reduction Basic Options sss sss sss sss sss sss ses ses eee eenn 69 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 76 Fg re 5 11 NetWork Reduction OULD UNS as oo 71 Figure 5 12 Network Reduction Advanced Options ss sss sss sss esse sss ss essen ennenen ennenen 72 Figure 5 13 Network Reduction Vernfcabion ss sss sss sss sss sss sese esse esse sese eenn 73 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 T T
29. al data objects that store statuses of the switches open or close of one substation A running arrangement uses a reference to the substation object ElmSubstat whose switches statuses are stored An application period start and end time is used to discriminate the use of a running arrangement according to the study time Running arrangements are stored in the Running Arrangements folder of the Operational Library Different configurations of the same substation can be defined by storing the corresponding switches statuses in running arrangements During the study the user can apply any of the stored statuses simply by selecting the corresponding running arrangement If a running arrangement is selected for a substation the status of the Switches can not be modified become read only If there is no setting for a switch in a running arrangement RA is incomplete such a switch will remain unchanged but its status is also set to read only If the current running arrangement is deselected the switches recover the status that they had before selecting it and of course become modifiable Running arrangements are defined and selected in the substation object dialogue 2 5 1 1 Creating a Running Arrangement To save the current status of the switches in a substation a running arrangement object must be created Click on an empty spot in the graphic of the substation and from the context sensitive menu choose Edit substation Press the but
30. annot manage any possible circuit configuration some of them cannot be protected in a perfect way due to the circuit characteristics and to the protective device characteristics Example A relay protecting two transformers in parallel the relay trip threshold should be at least two times the single transformer rated current To manage the CT errors and the relay measurement error a 110 or greater safety factor is added to the threshold The threshold value we obtain doesn t guarantee to fully protect the single machine So it appears clear that not always coordination process is able to achieve a perfect coordination of the protective devices and protection of the protected items Many times the results we get are an acceptable compromise between the protection and coordination needs using the available protective devices characteristics In this case a full report showing the current ranges where the coordination or the protection isn t achieved will be made available 5 4 1 Starting the Protection Coordination Wizard Before you can use the Protection Coordination Wizard you have to e Define protection devices in the grid How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 63 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions e Define a feeder for the section of the grid in which you want to ccordinate the protection devices With these elements available in your grid you can use the Protection Coordination Wizard To
31. ary element ElmBoundary A boundary element is substantially a set of cubicles each one defined with a given orientation to distinguish the two portions of the network separated by the boundary as interior and external The cubicles in the Boundary Element have to be orientated in order to have the part of the grid which shall be reduced as interior To reduce the network please proceed as follows e The Network Reduction function can keep the original data It will destroy the original data only if the option for this is set accordingly see section 5 5 2 2 However if you want to be absolutely sure to avoid any loss of data even when accidentally selecting the option which will delete the original grid during the reduction procedure please first either o make a copy of the whole project and paste store it with a name different from the original project or o export the project as dz or pfd file for information about exporting of data please refer to Section 8 1 4 Exporting and Importing of Projects or o activate the project and create a new Version of the project For information about Versions please refer to Section 3 1 e Activate the base Study Case This loads the original network e If you have migrated your Project from PowerFactory version 13 2 or previous please make sure that either there is a Variations folder in your Project now located inside the Network Model folder or there are already existing Sys
32. ation ed ldf shevte Check equivalent results Execute Close Cancel Check Deviation of Working Point Save Original Operation Point to Results File Figure 5 13 Network Reduction Verification How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 ES 5 9 3 Technical Background For a better understanding of the Network Reduction function its procedure is explained in the following 5 5 3 1 Network Reduction for Load Flow The Network Reduction calculation for load flow is an algorithm procedure based on sensitivity matrixes The basic idea is that the sensitivities of the equivalent grid measured in the connection points with the retained grid must be equal to the sensitivities of the grid that has been eliminated This means that for a given virtual set of AP and AQ injection in the branches from the retained grid to the grid to be reduced the resulting Au and Aq voltage magnitude and voltage phase angle variations in the Boundary nodes must be the same with the equivalent grid as the ones that would have been obtained with the original grid 5 5 3 2 Network Reduction for Short Circuit The Network Reduction for short circuit is an algorithm procedure based on nodal impedance nodal admittance matrixes The basic idea is that the impedance matrix of the equivalent grid measured in the connection points with the retained grid must be equal to the impedance matrix of the grid to be reduced for the rows and column
33. can be independently applied activated at the same time to the same network facilitating even more the work of the analyst The changes can also be implemented gradually according to the study time in order to allow the representation of scheduled expansion plans Variations objects IntVariation are stored inside the Variations folder under the Network Model directory Variations are composed of expansion stages IntSstage that store the changes on the original networks The application of the changes depends on the current study time and the activation time of the expansion stages The study time is a parameter of the active study case used to situate the current study within a time frame The activation time is a parameter given to the expansion stages in order to determine according to the study time if the contained changes are applied or not If the activation time proceeds the study time the changes are applied to the original network The changes of a subsequent expansion stage add to the changes of its predecessors A variation must be activated so that the changes in the network configuration contained in its stages are carried out Once the variation is deactivated the network returns to its original state The changes contained in a expansion stage can be classified as e Parameter changes of the network components e Adding changes new objects added to the actual network e Deleting changes How To Use the New F
34. can be used to model composite busbar systems by storing terminal and switches arrangements under the same object Separate single line diagrams of individual substations can be created Substation objects allow the use of running arrangements to store set a certain status of the station circuit breakers ElmCoup objects Defining Substations in the Data Manager A description of the procedure used to define new substations with the data manager is given as follows For information about working with substations in the graphical editor please refer to section 2 4 To define a new substation from the Data Manager do the following e Display the content of the grid where you want to create the new substation e Right click on the right pane of the Data Manager and select New gt Substation from the context sensitive menu e The new substation edit dialogue will pop up There you can change the name assign running arrangements and visualize edit the content of the substation directly after creation it is empty e After pressing Ok the new substation and an associated diagram with the same name of the substation will be created The components of the new substation can be created and connected using the associated single line diagram or using the data manager the first option is recommended For the second option a data browser with the content of the substation will pop up after pressing the Contents button there you can use the Ne
35. connect the desired components to the grid Existing substations can be used as models to define templates which may be used later to create new substations A new substation template is created by right clicking on the substation single line diagram and selecting Add to template library from the context sensitive menu This action will copy the substation together with all of its contents including its diagram even if it is not stored within this substation in the Templates folder To resize a composite node e Click once on the composite node you want to resize e When it is highlighted place the cursor on one of the black squares at the corners and hold down the left mouse button e A double arrow symbol appears and you can resize the figure by moving the mouse For a rectangular composite node you can also resize the shape by placing the cursor on one of the sides To show the connectivity inside a composite node How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 17 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y Press the Es button to open the colouring dialog Select the colouring mode Change the data if required for the selected mode To show the station connectivity by the colouring select Station Connectivity Figure 2 8 It is possible to colour the beach balls according to the station connectivity in spite of selecting a different mode by enabling the option Always show station connectivity colou
36. context menu of the data manager click on a Running Arrangement with the right mouse button inside the data manager Assignment is executed immediately and cannot be undone by pressing the cancel button of the dialog sheet Running Arrangement ogements Running Arrangement IntRunarrange AE Basic Data Description Hame Running Arrangement Substation Distribution Grid 1 QoubleBbuswithT ie UK Cancel Assign Start Time 01 01 2008 00 00 00 L End Time 01 02 2009 10 30 00 E Compare Figure 2 12 Dialogue of a Running Arrangement 2 5 2 MVAr Limits Curves Capability Curves The Capability Curve objects IntQlim allows the consideration of distinct minimum maximum values of the reactive power at different levels of active power injection Capability curves are stored inside the Mvar Limits Curves folder in the Operational Library Synchronous generators ElmSym and static generators ElmGenstat defined on the network model can use a pointer to a IntQlim object from the load flow page of their edit dialogue When a capability curve is used the dispatch of the generator always stays within its minimum and maximum range For more details about defining and using Capability Curves please refer to chapter 4 2 of this document To create a new generator capability curve object of the class IntQlim open the folder Mvar Limit Curves from the Operational library click on the New Object icon and select Capability Curve I
37. ct as Object in Mod1 e Press OK 3 4 New File Format PFD for Import and Export of Project Data For importing or exporting a project or any folder in the data base a new file format has been created PFD PowerFactory Data The PFD format pfd is improved for handling even very large projects The performance of the import export has been optimized and the consumption of memory resources is much lower than with the old file format dz All new functions available in the data base of PowerFactory e g time stamps and versions are fully supported with the new PFD file format How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 47 SILEN 4 Models of Power System Components lt 4 Models of Power System Components 4 1 Static Generator The Static Generator is an easy to use model of any kind of generator which is not rotating but static Applications are e Photovoltaic Generators Fuel Cells Storage devices HVDC Terminals e Reactive Power Compensations Wind generators which are connected with a full size converter to the grid can be modelled as a static generator as well because the behaviour of the plant from the view of the grid side is determined by the converter e Wind Generators 4 1 1 Basic Data On the basic date tab of the Static Generator you can choose the category of the element enter the number of parallel generators and the ratings of one generator Static Generator Gr
38. detailed graphical information of the substations Substations are illustrated as Composite Nodes which can be coloured to show the connectivity of the connected elements How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 16 Beach Ball Substations from pre defined templates or templates previously defined by the user are created using the network diagrams The substations are represented in these diagrams by means of composite node symbols To draw a substation from a template in an overview diagram e Click on the symbol of the composite node 2 or S listed among the symbols on the right hand drawing pane e Then click on the Copy from Templates button El in the icon bar of the graphic window in order to see the list of available templates for substations from the Templates library From this list choose the template that you want to create a substation from e Click on the overview diagram to place the symbol The substation is automatically created in the active grid folder e Right click the substation select edit substation and rename the substation accordingly e Close the window with the templates e Press Esc to get the cursor back e Resize the substation symbol in the overview diagram to the desired size A diagram of the newly created substation can be opened by double clicking at the composite node symbol In the new diagram it is possible to rearrange the substation configuration and to
39. e also available via the data manager s context menu to select a valid running arrangement automatically according to study time If there are multiple running arrangements valid for current study time or if there is no valid one a warning is printed to the PowerFactorys output window nothing is selected in this case 2 5 1 3 Applying and Resetting a Running Arrangement The button Apply amp Reset in the property sheet of a substation allows copying settings stored in the selected running arrangement directly to the switches It is available only if a Running Arrangement is selected The running arrangement will be deselected afterwards Substation Distribution Grid 1WoubleBusWithTie ElmSubstat AE Basic Data Reliability Description Hame Doubleb us ith Te Short Name Nominal Voltage LL et Nominal Voltage OF Cancel Contents Running Arrangement Running Arrangement sk ngemente Running Arrangement Apply amp Reset o ses AS Assign by Study Time Figure 2 11 Apply amp Reset a Running Arrangement How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 22 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 5 1 4 Assigning a Running Arrangement By the button Assign in the property sheet of a running arrangement it is possible to set this running arrangement as the one currently selected for the corresponding substation This action is also available in the
40. e overview diagram of the network Click on the symbol of the composite branch listed among the symbols on the right hand drawing pane Then from the second row of the toolbar menu on the top of the graphic window click on the Copy from Templates button a to see the list of available templates for branches From this list choose the template that you want to create a branch from On the overview diagram click once on each composite node to which the branch is to be connected You are automatically taken inside each of those composite nodes to make the How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 18 connections In the substation graphic click once on an empty spot near the terminal where you want to connect the branch end and then on the terminal itself Do the same for the other end 2 4 4 Drawing Existing Terminals Click on the button Drawing existing Net Elements tel and a window with a list of all elements in the network that are not visualized in the active diagram appears Right click the symbol for terminals 4 in the drawing toolbox The symbol of the terminal is now attached to the cursor The list of elements in the browser window is filtered to Terminals now If the list is very large press the button Adjacent Element Mode this activates the selecting of distance number of elements from elements in the active diagram Select the Distance of 1 in order to reduce the number of
41. e a graphical page In order to see the graphic on the screen open a Data Manager and locate the graphic page object you want to show click on the icon next to it right click and select Show Graphic The Show Graphic option is also available directly from each of the above objects themselves So for example you can select a grid in the data manager right click and show the graphic The graphic pages of grids and substations are to be found in the subfolder Diagrams FF under the Network Model folder RZ Data Manager Network ModelWDiagrams Bx a RB ASE dA Ye a AE ea E a a equ Library E E Network Model fe DEBT detailed 110 Ku North E Diagrams ZTE JOBE T detailed 110 kY South OBET detailed 110k North BET detailed 320 ki tH ID i arnt aed DEBT detailed 380 kV e DEB Tebypletalled DBE detailed DBRT ieBypDetailed ge DB detailed DEB detailed H Distribution Grid 1 D Distributior Grid 1 istribution Grid 2 Distribution Grid 2 SBBT detailed iF SBBT detailed SBBT detailed 10 V Morth 2H SBBT detailed 10 KV North CBET detailed 10 EY South 2H SBBT detailed 10 kY South tH Transmission Grid El Network Data 82 Distribution Grid 1 2 Distribution Grd 2 e Transmission Grid Ln 1 11 objectisi of 11 1 objectis selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 7 The Diagrams folder in the Data Manager 2 4 1 Creating a new substation in an Overview Diagram Overview diagrams are single line diagrams without
42. e line is connected is marked in the diagram Click on the first terminal and then on the second The selected line is drawn und is removed from the list of lines How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 19 Continue drawing all lines or transformers until the list of lines is empty or all the lines to be drawn have been drawn 2 4 6 The Active Grid Folder Target Folder Inside the status bar of PowerFactory the active grid folder is displayed on the leftmost field Any changes you make in the network diagram refering the data of the grid are stored inside this grid folder To change the active grid folder the target folder double click this field a window opens in which you can select the new active grid folder Y Grid Freeze Ortho Snap a 2 619 0 124 DB 1705 06 02 2009 10 35 00 Project Figure 2 9 The Status Bar 2 5 The Operational Library Network components use references to type objects in order to set parameters related to the equipment itself and avoid data redundancy For example two generators defined in a network model lets call them G1 and G2 may refer to the same generator type lets call it G 190M 18kV to set their manufacturer equipment related data i e nominal voltage nominal power impedances etc G1 and G2 will have the same equipment data but may be operated at different points or may be connected to the ground on a different way That is they may have the same type data but diff
43. eatures of PowerFactory Version 14 0 1 1 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 3 2 1 Creating Variations and Expansion stages It might be necessary to make topological changes in the network model for a study Use of variations makes sure that these changes are recorded separately and that the original network remains intact A variation object is created in the Variations folder under the Network Model folder as shown in Figure 2 4 Data Manager VariationsWariation 2009 Expansion Stage 1 o tele Me DRA dA A AZ a Diagrams Network Data gt Static Generator Photovoltaic new Grid i Variations Gd E EZ Variation 2008 E Graphical Net Object 3 le Graphical Net Object16 cif Operation Scenarios cml Study Cases GCI Gel Settings 7 objectis of 7 1 objectis selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 4 Variations folder with Expansion Stages To create a variation right click on the Variations folder EE in the data manager and select New gt Variation from the context sensitive menu Alternatively select the Variations folder click on the New Object button E on the icon bar of the Data Manager Make sure the Element field is set to Variation IntVariation and press OK The dialogue of the new variation pops up In the variation dialogue you can edit the name of the object and set a color to represent in the single line diagrams the modifications introduced by it
44. ee ee ee ee ee eee 30 Figure 2 20 The auto save option for Operation Scenarios in the user settings dialogue sese sees cesse eee eee 30 Figure 2 21 Dialogue of the Operation Scenario object showing the Basic Data page cccocccccniconoconocononanononocanonanoonanonanenanons 32 Figure 2 22 Applying subsets from one Operation Scenario to another eee eee ee eee ee eee ee eee eee 32 Figure 2 23 Selecting Operation Scenarios to compare them esse sees sese esse sese ee eee e esse seene 33 FIQUFe 3 1 Creating a NeW project version pia AAA TTT AAA AAA 35 FIgure 3 2 Principle of Derived Projects scsi aida 37 Figure 3 3 Derived Projects in a multi User data base sese s esse eee 38 Figure 3 4 New Version of the base project in a multi user data Dase esse sese sees eee eee 39 Figure 3 5 Merging the new version of the base project into the Derived ProjectS oocconcccnncconccocncocnnncnnnnnonanocanonnnnonanonanonanons 39 Agure 3 6 starting the Merge TOO susana ds 41 PIQUE 32 Mergerool A ao 42 Foure 3 98 MOTO TOOL Layou ausaga a iaaa aaa aia teo l ciioeidoliro spobigenedewedhiosdsinnd 45 Figures 9 Merge rool Conte xE meni narea E A N aa a ada 46 Figure 5 10 Selection Jects to COMDATE i ania a E E daa a isc da 46 FIGURES Staic Generator Basie Data iernat NE seve HTH 48 Fig re 4 2 Static Generator Load FIOW Date astiene a A einen 49 Figuire 4 32 Defining a Virtual Power Planto ida 53 RoUe q Ar Viua POWGEP PIAN
45. efine a user specific level for the subtransient and a transient short circuit you can do so using the Complete Method For short circuit calculations by the Complete Method you can enter a subtransient and a transient short circuit level either as short circuit power or as short circuit current and the R X ratio alternatively the X R ratio Additionally it is possible to enter values for the zero sequence impedance for example if the Static Generator includes a transformer with earthed star point 4 1 5 Optimization Data On the optimization tab you can add the Static Generator to a Virtual Power Plant 4 1 6 RMS EMT Simulation Data In time domain simulations the Static Generator acts similar to a PWM converter How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 5 0 4 2 User Defined Capability Curve The Capability Curve objects IntQlim allows the consideration of distinct minimum maximum values of the reactive power at different levels of active power injection Capability curves are stored inside the Mvar Limits Curves folder in the Operational Library Synchronous generators ElmSym and static generators ElmGenstat defined in the network model can use a pointer to a Capability Curve object from the load flow page of their edit dialogue When a capability curve is used the dispatch of the generator always stays within its minimum and maximum range 4 2 1 1 Creating a New Capability Curve Object To create a new g
46. enerator capability curve object of the class IntQlim open the folder Mvar Limit Curves from the Operational library click on the New Object icon E and select Capability Curve IntQlim The edit dialogue of the new capability curve pops up Define the generation limits as described in section 4 2 1 5 Afterwards press OK Alternatively press gt in the load flow page of the synchronous machine s element dialogue Then select User defined Capability Curve and enter the curve as series of points in the table Use right click to append delete or insert new lines etc 4 2 1 2 Applying MVAr Limits Curve from Operational Library To apply an existing generator capability curve to a generator e Locate the Reactive Power Limit section in the load flow page of the synchronous machines or static generator s dialogue e Press N next to Capability Curve e Choose Select to look for a suitable curve in the Mvar Limit Curves folder in the Operational library folder 4 2 1 3 Defining a MVAr Limits Curve In the dialogue window of the capability curve right click within the empty fields and choose Append rows or Append n rows in order to add the required number of rows to the table Construct the curve as a series of points Insert data as required for the right shape of the curve 4 2 1 4 Editing a Capability Curve The values of a capability curve can be changed at any time by double clicking on it
47. erent operational and element data As mentioned certain parameters of the network components do not depend on the equipment itself but on the operational point These parameters are grouped under the operational data set of the element In the previous example of the synchronous generators the active power dispatch or the reactive power limits are part of this operational data In order to analyze a network under different operational points operational data may change frequently during a study Regarding that different network components may have identical operational parameters for example 2 generators with the same Mvar limits or various circuit breakers with the same ratings for short circuit currents references to objects storing operational data would facilitate the definition of different network operational points Similar to types the use of objects containing operational data avoids redundancy The Operational Library is the folder of the Data Model where objects containing operational data are stored The description of these objects and their hierarchical organization within the operational library is the subject of the following subsections Figure 2 2 shows how the operational library looks for its higher hierarchy level How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 20 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model 2 2 5 1 Running Arrangements Running Arrangements RA IntRunarrange are operation
48. es Define template Change Symbol Push to Back VV DULI Esla K Edit Graphic Object Kalc be Figure 5 7 Starting the Protection Coordination Wizard from the context sensitive menu The dialogue of the Protection Coordination Wizard pops up see Figure 5 8 Configure the Coordiniation Wizard for meeting your requirements For detailed information please refer to the PowerFactory V14 0 User s Manual Afterwards press the Execute button to run the coordination process How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 65 5 4 2 The Dialogue Window of the Protection Coordination Wizard Normally you just have to select the options on the Basic Options tab Advanced users may use the Configuration tab as well On the Output tab you can select the output format Protective device coordination wizard oordination wizard ComCoord Basic Uptions Configuration Output Execute Name Protective device coordination wizard Close Feeder Feeder Cancel CT le Verify according to IEC 60044 Calculate Relay settings C None C Venu C Recalculate if verification fails f Calculate W Select curve characteristics Coordination direction f Upward Downward Result f Report only Report and update relay model Base voltage for reporting Y Device rated voltage f User defined Figure 5 8 The Protection Coordination Wizard dialogue
49. etwork may lead to changes in the contingency cases therefore it is recommended to always enable this option 5 3 5 Reproducing a Contingency Press on the Show Button in the contingency analysis command dialogue see Figure 5 3 to open the list of contingencies included in the analysis From here you can select a contingency left click and mark the corresponding element in graphic using the context sensitive menu that appears by right clicking You can also execute contingency for each case from this list How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 6 1 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions y 5 3 6 Browsing Fault Cases and Fault Groups There are two types of subfolder inside the Faults folder in the Operational Library Fault Cases and Fault Groups E sk auls E ER Fault Cases 2 Fault Case 1 S Fault Case 2 E 6 Fault Groups LE Fault Group 1 LE Fault Group 2 LE Fault Group 3 Figure 5 5 Contents of the Faults folder in the operational library In order to make a new folder of each kind click on the icon of the Faults folder a press the New Object button and choose whether a new Fault Cases or Fault Groups folder should be created The Fault Cases folder holds every contingency n 1 n 2 or simultaneous defined for the system see section 5 3 7 On the other hand several fault cases can be selected and stored into a Fault Group 5 3 7 De
50. fining a Fault Case To define a fault case for an element in the grid select it on the single line diagram Then right click and go to Define gt Fault Case gt n 1 You can select several elements on the single line diagram in which Case a fault case will be created for each in the Fault Cases folder Alternatively you can use a filter to list all the elements you would like to define outage for select them in the list and define fault case If you choose n 2 instead then fault cases will be created for the simultaneous outage of each two elements in the selection It is also possible to indicate simultaneous outage of all the elements in the selection 5 3 8 Defining a Fault Group To define a fault group place the cursor on the Fault Groups folder icon Then press the New Object button The window of a new fault group object opens where you can specify the name and add fault cases Note When you define a fault group and add fault cases to it a reference is created to each selected fault case The fault case itself sits in the Fault Cases subfolder This means that if you delete the item in the group the pointer to the fault case is deleted The fault case itself still exists in the Fault Cases folder How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 62 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions y 5 4 The Protection Coordination Wizard The Protection Coordination Wizard for automatic
51. ght click on the right pane of the Data Manager and select New gt Branch from the context sensitive menu e The new branch edit dialogue will pop up There you can define the name of the new branch and a circuit to which the branch belongs The fields Connection 1 and Connection 2 define the branch elements that are going to be connected with external elements Once the user has defined the internal branch elements he she can access and change the connecting components i e the components referred in Connection 1 and Connection 2 e After pressing Ok the new branch and an associated diagram with the same name of the branch will be created The components of the new branch can be created and connected using the associated single line diagram or using the data manager the first option is recommended For the second option a data browser with the content of the branch will pop up after pressing the Contents button there you can use the New Object icon to create the new components Components of a branch can of course be connected with components of the corresponding grid or even with components of other networks remember that the maximal number of connections for a branch is 2 Once the external connections of the branch have been established the user can use the Jump button on the edit dialogue to open the edit dialogue of the grid elements connected to it 2 3 1 5 Sites Substations Branches and any other
52. he New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 29 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model amp ES Data Manager Operation Scenarios Operation Scenario High Load AE Ay Beas ja MAR Sa GH Diagrams Ge Network Data ihe Demand Data Demand E eR Ra A RHS N ioe Operation Scenario High Loa A Kh Operation Scenario Low Load Edit l el Study Casez Deactivate S Settings Test Project rer 1 Recycle Bin Settings ee i K T J Trainings Pind i Ln 1 6 objects of 6 1 objectis selecterc Figure 2 19 Saving an Operation Scenario using the context menu User Settings ettings DefaultSettings Setlser I Output Window Functions Directories Editor Station are a OF General Graphic Windows Data Manager Show in Treelist Cancel le All Folders Browser Save Data Automatically tabular Input le Sort Aubaea Save Interval Esxport Import Data L Binary Data e q Results not included Export References to Deleted Objects Export Import Data PFP Export undo data Folders for Global Library kad ss Database Performance Y Favor small RAM usage C Favor speed Figure 2 20 The auto save option for Operation Scenarios in the user settings dialogue How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 30 SILENT 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model y 2 6 4 Deactivating an Operation Scenario An Operation Scenario can be deactivated via
53. he equipment types are stored in a special subfolder called Equipment Type Library 2 1 1 1 Equipment Type Library We would like to store all the manufacturer data in the same place and organize it in such a way that it can be easily accessed when defining the power system elements Within the data model this information corresponds to the type data An equipment type object holds the essential electrical information for each class of network component This information is usually provided in manufacture s data sheets Within the project structure the type objects are stored inside the Equipment Type Library Type objects may be sorted by class using library subfolders e g a subfolder for generator types a subfolder for line types etc 2 1 1 2 Operational Library Frequently we would like to change the operation point of the network in order to analyze the effect of different load levels maintenances or operative limits An Operational Library folder sorting all the possible operational alternatives is part of the approach used by PowerFactory to optimize this task ES Data Manager LibraryWperational Library Dx be APD A SI Library equ Equipment Type Library se CE Ratings Operational Library Era Scripts rro Userdetined Models el Network Model Oberon ceras Study Cases Thermal Ratings E Settings El Oo 1 l Test Prniert Ln 1 7 objects of 7 1 objects selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 2 Operational Library
54. i BB MADA et A wah es alll Library O Network Model K Expansion Stage 1 01 01 2009 00 00 00 E Diagrams E a Stage2 OOOO 2 01 02 2009 00 00 00 02 2009 00 00 00 E ng Een er Scheduler A Expansion Stage 1 Expansion Stage 2 Expansion Stage 3 Variation Scheduler ci Operation Scenarios a Study Cases E G amp A Settings 4 objectis of Set Date and Time of Calculation Case Time El E Ignore Time Trigger DE Date Cancel Time 1 object s selected Drag _Descript gt gt Date 000 Date Day of Week Friday ka Wwieele z Time Day of Year 37 Hour of rear Figure 2 5 Example showing the colouring of expansion stages according to the activation times How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 ta 2 3 2 3 Deleting an Expansion Stage To delete an Expansion Stage first deactivate the variation Right Click the expansion stage and select delete Note that the elements are deleted to the Recycle Bin They are not completely deleted until you empty the Recycle Bin In case the expansion stage was used to create data using DPL Script then repeating this script might necessitate the deleting of the corresponding expansion stage elements in the Recycle Bin 2 3 2 4 Displaying the Activation Times of Expansion Stages To check the activation time of a expansion stage go to the variation in the data manager
55. idi5tatic Generator Photovoltaic ElmGenstat AM S Simulation EMT Simulation Harmonics Optimization State Estimator Reliability Description OK Basic Data LoadFlow WDEMEC ShortCircuit FullShort Circuit ANSI Short Circuit ok Name Static Generator Photovoltaic Cancel Terminal sk Grid DoubleBuswithT ie4T_O2 Cub_1 60 0 Figure gt gt Out of Service Jump to Category Photovoltaic Number of parallel Machines E Ratings Nominal Apparent Power E MUA Power Factor I Figure 4 1 Static Generator Basic Data How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 48 SILEN 4 Models of Power System Components 2 4 1 2 Load Flow Data On the load flow tab you can define the power output active and reactive power or active power and voltage magnitude or even a droop Additionally you can specify a capability curve which may be the whole range of the converter or a curve with the shape of a V for a min and max power factor for example Au u Droop 9 AQ Q 100 Static Generator Grid Static Generator Photovoltaic ElmGenstat AMS Simulation EMT Simulation Harmonics Optimization State Estimator Reliability Description Basic Data Load Flow YDEIEC Short Circuit Full Short Circut ANSI ShortCircuit Corresponding Bus Type PO Figure gt gt External Station Controller Cancel Local Voltage Controller wer Fact Jump to Dispatch
56. ion you want to edit delete e Select the option Action gt Delete Versions or e Open the edit dialog of the version e Use the button Delete Version to delete the version 3 2 Derived Projects At certain stages of a system study several users may work on the same project To avoid the huge amount of data that implies a project copy for each user DIgSILENT has developed a virtual copy approach called Derived Projects From the users point of view a derived project behaves like a normal copy of a project version internally only the differences between the original project version Base Project and the virtual copy Derived Project are stored Because the derived project is based on a version changes on the base project do not affect it Like normal projects derived projects can be controlled in time by means of versions however this derived versions can not be used to create further derived projects Note A Derived Project is a local virtual copy of a Version of a base project master project It behaves like a real copy from the user s point of view Internally only the data differences between the Base Project and the Derived Project are stored in the database This approach avoids the data overhead How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 36 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 In a multi user database the data administrator may publish a base project in a pub
57. ject The newest version that can be used to update a derived project is referred if available in the Most recent version field of the dialogue The users can compare this new version with their own derived project and decide which changes should be included in the derived project For comparing and for accepting or refusing the single changes the Merge Tool is used For information about the Merge Tool please refer to chapter 3 3 Comparing and Merging Projects How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 oo New Version published by the Base Project Data Administrator Public Area User Area Figure 3 4 New Version of the base project in a multi user data base Base Project Public Area User Area Figure 3 5 Merging the new version of the base project into the Derived Projects How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 39 SILEN 3 Data Organisation y 3 3 Merging Projects Versions If you have different versions of a project or different copies of the project you can use the merge tool to indicate the differences and bring the different versions together 3 3 1 Starting the Merge Tool To start the merge tool you have to first deactivate all projects which will be part of the compare merge process There are different ways of starting the merge tool For tracking changes between two projects use e Right click a project at choose Select as Base to Compare e Right click a second
58. lected fault groups are automatically created by the program For further information about fault groups please refer to Section 5 3 6 and Section 5 3 8 Delete All Deletes all the contingency cases ComOutage objects stored in the contingency analysis command How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 60 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions 5 3 3 Effectiveness On the Effectiveness page you can enable to calculate the effectiveness which generators and or quadrature booster transformers will have on the results This information can help you to define capable post fault actions Contingency Analysis Phase Contingency Analysis ComSimoutage BE Basic Options Effectiveness Advanced Options simoutage de upecon enttime Close W Calculate Quad Booster Effectiveness E Show Bs Add OBs Remove al Comcel The GB effectiveness calculation considers 0 quad boosters Update Show Ger Add Gen Remove All The generator effectiveness calculation considers 0 generators Figure 5 4 Dialogue of Contingency Analysis showing the Effectiveness page 5 3 4 Advanced Options Update contingencies before running a calculation When selected the Contingency Table the Boundary Table and the contingency order of all the contingency case objects ComOutage which are based on fault cases groups are updated before executing the analysis Note that topological changes in the studied n
59. lic area of the data base Each user can create an own Derived Project and work with it like working with the original base project Changes made by the user are stored in the Derived Project so that the base project remains the same for all users The purpose of a Derived Project is that all users use the same power system model The Derived Project remains connected to the base project always The concept of the derived projects is illustrated by means of figureFigure 3 2 here the Version 2 of the Base Project was used to create the Derived Project After Derived Project was created two versions of it were generated MasterProject C Version2 baseVersion 1 ia T DerivedProject f gt Figure 3 2 Principle of Derived Projects A new derived project is created using the Data Manager by e Right Clicking the folder in your user account on right pane of the Data Manager where the Derived Project is to be created e Selecting Neu gt Derived Project from the context sensitive menu e Selecting from the data browser that pops up the source version of the base project Probably this will be the last available version of a project in a public area which your data administrator has created e Press OK Note The base or master project has to have at least one version before other projects can be derived from it You cannot derive a project from a derived project You can find if a project is derived or not by o
60. lves are defined by a user selected set of cubicles the terminals connected to them and a selected orientation The cubicles in the boundary element define a cut through the network that together with the orientations are used to define the corresponding Interior Region Topologically the interior region is found searching through the network starting at each selected cubicles towards the given direction The topological search continues until either an open switch or a cubicle that is part of the boundary list is found Any open switch that is found by this search is considered to be part of the interior region To define a new Boundary you have to multi select in the single line diagram a set of cubicles and terminals which will define the boundary and then to select in the context sensitive menu right click Define gt Boundary The dialogue of the new Boundary will pop up By pressing Ok the new object is created in the Boundaries folder of the Network Model To add cubicles to an existing Boundary e Inthe Boundary dialogue right click on the table on the number of a row that lists the included cubicles e Select nsert rows Append rows or Append n rows from the context sensitive menu e Double click on the Boundary Points cell of the new line e Select the target cubicle using the data browser that pops up e After selecting the desired cubicle the terminal and the branch element connected to it are added to the
61. means the calculation won t consider any post fault actions If you enable the checkbox Consider Specific Time Phase you can enter the time defined post fault actions and short time ratings will be taken into account If you select the method Multiple Time Phase you can specify a list with time phases Each time phase will be calculated automatically taking defined post fault actions and short time ratings into account Contingencies The buttons in the Contingency section of the dialogue are used to manage the contingency cases analyzed by the contingency analysis command Add Cases This button is used to create contingency cases ComOutage objects based on fault cases which have been previously defined in the operational library When pressed a data browser listing the available fault cases pops up From the browser the user may select the target fault cases and press Ok The corresponding contingencies are automatically created by the program For further information about fault cases please refer to Section 5 3 6 and Section 5 3 7 Add Groups By means of this button the user can create contingency cases ComOutage objects based on the fault cases referred by the selected fault groups When pressed a data browser listing the fault groups defined in the operational library pops up From the browser the user may select the target groups and press Ok The corresponding contingencies one for each fault case refereed in the se
62. mum equivalent branch impedance to be considered The network produce will create the equivalent which will be composed among the other elements of equivalent branches that will join each couple of boundary nodes a boundary node will be identified for each boundary cubicle The number of these branches will be therefore N N 1 2 where N is the number of the boundary nodes this number can be very high in case of many boundary nodes It frequently occurs that some or many of these equivalent branches have a very big impedance value and therefore the power flows of them are negligible they could be assimilated to an open branch Therefore the user is given the possibility to define an impedance limit value over which the branches will be neglected not represented in the reduced network equivalent How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 7 1 SILEN B Power System Analysis Functions Calculate Equivalent Parameters at All Frequencies With this option you can enable or disable the calculation of frequency related parameters By default the short circuit equivalent parameters are calculated at all frequencies relevant for short circuit analysis equivalent frequencies for calculating the d c component of the short circuit current e f fn e f fn 0 4 e f fn 0 27 e f fn 0 15 e f fn 0 092 e f fn 0 055 f is the nominal frequency of the grid usually 50 Hz or 60 Hz If only the transient and sub transient sho
63. nal dialogue According to this selected usage different calculation functions would be enabled for example the short circuit calculation can be performed just for Busbars or for Busbars and Internal nodes etc When any branch element is directly connected to a terminal PowerFactory uses what is known as a Cubicle StaCubic to carry out this connection Cubicles may be visualized as the panels in a switchgear board or bays in a high voltage yard to which the branch elements are connected 2 3 1 2 Branch Elements As explained before branch elements are connected to the nodes by means of cubicles A connection between two nodes is carried out by two port elements like transformers switches or lines Three port elements require a connection to three different nodes In the general case the branch elements are single components whose connection to the network is automatically set when indicating the connected terminal From the data model point of view the case of transmission lines and cables is interesting because they can be defined as a one to one connection between two nodes or as folders containing line sections that together connect two nodes How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 6 2 3 1 3 Substations Detailed representations of electrical substations can be achieved in PowerFactory by connecting and storing terminals and switches together under the same Substation object ElmSubstat Substations
64. nesoeress 12 Figure 2 5 Example showing the colouring of expansion stages according to the activation mes sse sese eee eee eee eee ee eee 13 Figure 2 6 The Variation Scheduler inside a Variabion sss sss sese sss es esse s sees eee eenn nenen 15 Figure 2 7 The Diagrams folder IN the Data Managers aos 16 Figure 2 8 Options for colouring graphics of single line diagram sss sse sese sees eee eee ee eee 18 ROUEZ A A A 20 Figure 2 102 Edit dia loque a SUDSCACION Gaiman titi bicicleta 21 Fi ure 2 11 ADDIV S Reset a RUNNING Arrangement sisne n a ed a did 22 Figure 2 12 Dialogue of a RUNNING Arrangement ss sss sss sese ess es sese sees sees sese esse sese eenn 23 Figure 2 13 Creating a new Operation Scenario object using the data ManaQeT cocccocccnocccncnnnonocanocanonanonanonnnonanonnanenanenanennnnns 26 Figure 2 14 Using the main menu to save as a new Operation Scenario css sese eee ee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee 26 Figure 2 15 Blue highlighted operational data in an element dialogue css 27 Figure 2 16 Blue highlighted operational data in a browser WINdOW esse sese sees eee eee eee eee 28 Figure 2 17 An asterisk indicates unsaved changes in Operation Scenari0S coonccconccnoncnnonnononcnnonrononcnnonrnnonrnnnnarenrnrrnenrrnraranos 29 Figure 2 18 The button Save Operation Scenario in the main icon Dar s sese sees eee eee eee eee eee 29 Figure 2 19 Saving an Operation Scenario using the context menu see eee eee eee eee e
65. network component can be stored together under the same Site object in order to represent and analyze a network by geographical topological regions Sites are high hierarchical level objects that can store any defined component within a network Defining Sites in the Data Manager Next a description of the procedure used to define new sites is given To define a new site from the Data Manager do the following e Display the content of the grid where you want to create the new site e Right click on the right pane of the Data Manager and select New gt Site from the context sensitive menu e The new Site edit dialogue will pop up e After pressing Ok the new site will be created How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 8 2 3 1 6 Boundaries Boundaries are objects used in the definition of network reductions and in summation reports after a load flow calculation to report the active and reactive power flow along the boundary Boundary objects ElmBoundary may define topological regions by specifying a topological cut through the network New boundaries are created by specifying the cubicles that define the cut through the network An interior region corresponding to the boundary cut is defined by specifying a direction for each cubicle Interior regions and boundaries can be colored in the single line graphic New boundaries are stored in the Boundaries folder within the Network Data folder Boundaries themse
66. ngs Cut Ln i gt E of 2 op Operation Scenario Delete Folder Rename Select as Base to Compare Export Import Figure 2 13 Creating a new Operation Scenario object using the data manager DIgeSILENT PowerFactory 14 0 Edit Calculation Data Output Graphic Tools 40 Setup Tutorial New K Open Project Close Project Activate Operation Scenario Deactivate Operation Scenario Save S Scenario ation Scenario as Open Graphic Open Mew Data Manager Open Mew Text Editor Strg E Figure 2 14 Using the main menu to save as a new Operation Scenario How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 26 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model 2 2 6 2 Activating an Operation Scenario An operation scenario is activated by right click on it in the Data Manager and selecting Activate from the context sensitive menu Alternatively the option Activate Operation Scenario from the main menu can be used If another operation scenario is active the active operation scenario is first deactivated the user is asked if he she wants to save the changes if any and the new operation scenario is activated When an operation scenario is activated a reference is created in the current study case On activation a completeness check is done e Check if operational data is available for all components e Check if the all the defined operational data from the new o
67. ntQlim The edit dialogue of the new capability curve pops up Add the required number of rows to the table right click on the left side of the table and select Append n Rows or Append Rows from the context sensitive menu define the generation limits and press Ok How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 a3 The values of a capability curve can be changed at any time by double clicking on it to open the corresponding edit dialogue Similar to circuit breaker ratings capability curves can become time dependant by means of variations and expansion stages stored inside the Mvar Limit Curves folder Capability curves are assigned using the reference from the Load Flow tab of the synchronous generators They are included in the operation scenario subsets therefore if a capability curve is selected reset from a generator when an operation scenario is active the change will be stored in the operation scenario Once the operation scenario is deactivated the assignment reset of the curve is reverted How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 24 2 6 Operation Scenarios The operational data of the network components defines the operational point of a system Storing recurrent operation points of and being able to activate or deactivate them when required accelerates the analyses of the network under different operative conditions e g different dispatch programs low or high load periods etc PowerFactory can store c
68. nts to them and their identification on the single line diagrams by means of the so called Operator objects The Operator objects ElmOperator are stored in the Operators folder of the Network Data directory How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 10 2 3 1 10 Owners For descriptive purposes it is useful to sort network components according to their owners Also for network owners it may result advantageous to generate summary reports of the losses generation load etc on their owned regions Similar to Operators PowerFactory allows the definition of network owners and the assignment of network components to them by means of the so called Owner objects The Owner objects ElmOwner are stored in the Owners folder of the Network Data directory 2 3 2 Variations During the planning and assessment of a power system it is necessary to analyze different variations and expansion alternatives of the original networks In PowerFactory this variations are modeled by means of the so called Variations which are objects that can store and implement the changes expected on a network without affecting the original model The use of variations allows the realization of studies under different network configuration in an organized and simple way The user only needs to define by means of Variations the changes that she he wants to implement and then activate or deactivate them according to her his studies Different variations
69. omplete operation points under objects called Operation Scenarios IntScenario E Operation Scenarios are formed by data subsets which group the operational data of the active network components according to their type Examples of Operation Scenario s subsets are the Demand Data storing the active and reactive power of all the loads or the RA Selections storing references to the running arrangements selected in the network substations Operation Scenarios are stored inside the Operation Scenarios folder aif in the Project directory The user can define as many operation scenarios as required each operation scenario should represent a different operational point A new operation scenario is defined by saving the current operational data of the active network components Once they have been created operation scenarios can be activated in order to load the corresponding operational data If an operation scenario is active and certain operational data is changed these changes are stored in the corresponding operation scenario subsets if the user decides to store the changes If the current operation scenario is deactivated the active network components reassume the operational data that they had before activating the operation scenario that is the default operational data Clearly changes on the default operational data do not affect operation scenarios When working with active operation scenarios and active expansion stage
70. on in gt Can be chosen in one of the objects above but has to exist with the same path in all objects chosen above gt Only visible if Only Objects in Subfolder was chosen in 3 5 On gt After the comparison when all objects were assigned in the DifBrowser the assigned objects can be merged into the target off gt Only comparison 6 Object into that the assigned objects are merged gt In 2 way comparison always Base gt In 3 way comparison Mod1 or Mod2 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 41 SILEN 3 Data Organisation F MergeTool og w H OR TEL She TOM Ex ES oo vee 85 Si En All modifications lt RH AE SE Sit Equipment Types Gas OCGT Equipment Types Design Types Gen SR Network Model Gas Single Shaft CCGT Equipment Types Design Types Gen v oarn Library iim Governor Controls Equipment Types Design Types Gen EP Scripts ft Governor Controls Equipment Types Dynamic Models E Sal Stie Cone ees St Templates TS pie Board G4 Project Settings i i ta External References SIS ON Study Cases Base Case Scenarios ME quipment Types Design Types Gen Equipment Types Design Types Gen Equipment Types Design Types Gen Equipment Types Design Types Gen A Pop up Dialog Box for Study Cases Base Case Pop up Dialog Box for Pumped Storage Equipment Types Design Types Gen S S Renewables Waste Equipment Types Design
71. on of the stages within a Scheduler can only be changed in non active schedulers by pressing the Contents button and writing the desired values in the data browser These changes of course do not affect the expansion stage objects and only are effective when the scheduler is active Variation Schedulers are activated or deactivated via the context sensitive menu on the Data Manager BZ Data Manager VariationsWariation 7009 Wariation Scheduler Sele ax te B QE av te Diagrams Hetwork Data A A Yarnations El Yanation 2009 A Expansion Stage 1 Expansion Stage Z Variation Schedule af Operation Scenarios ow Study Cases z objectisi of 2 1 objects selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 6 The Variation Scheduler inside a Variation How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 15 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Figure 2 6 shows the state in which the activation times of the stages can be edited inside the scheduler The variation must be active and the scheduler inactive Display the contents references to expansion stages of the scheduler on the right hand side of the data manager The activation time of a stage can be edited by double clicking on the reference to it in the right hand window 2 4 Network Diagrams The symbol for graphical pages is ZTE inside the Data Manager Grids substations branches and controller types common and composite types in PowerFactory terminology each hav
72. on scenarios are stored inside the Operation Scenarios folder ES Data Manager Operation Scenarios Operation Scenario High Load Bs Ge w O HAE Z N E ah Operation Scenarios n 18 peration Scenaro High Load Demand Data Demand E Ea Operation Scenario Low Load S Generation Patterns O Gal Study Cases Local Switch Statuses Study Case Tihs PA Selections reat ae S Voltage Profiles Voltage Ge Variation Configuration l G ee E Out of Service Flags CO Graphics Board Gel Settings Ln 1 6 object s of 6 1 object s selected Drag amp Drop Figure 2 3 Operation Scenarios We may need to analyze the network at different times during the day week or year where different load conditions and ratings of the components are considered As described above Operational Library objects and Operation Scenarios allow this feature by defining different operation points An additional tool called Parameter Characteristics was designed to facilitate even more this considerations By means of characteristics a range of values instead of a fixed amount is assigned to the parameters of power systems elements Within the range the selection of the appropriate value for the parameter is carried out according to a user defined trigger For example the active power demand of a load can be modeled by means of a characteristic with 12 values each one corresponding to a month of the year If the trigger is set to January triggers are defined by
73. ons variations expansion stages see chapter 2 3 2 to determine which network data is applicable to that point in time You are able to change the Study Time in order to analyse a different point in time The Expansion Stages will be activated deactivated with the Study Time To specify the Study Time e Press the button Date Time of Calculation Case in the main toolbar of PowerFactory e Enter the date and time or press the button gt Date and gt Time in order to set the Study Time to the current time of your computer e Press OK to accept the changes and close the window Alternatively e Activate the project and browse for the Study Case in the Data Manager e Right click on the Study Case and select Edit from the context sensitive menu e On the Basic Data tab page press the button with the three dots beneath the entry for the Study Time e Set the Study Time according to your needs e Press OK to accept the changes and close the window To specify the Validity Period of the Project e Open the Data Manager and browse for the Project folder object IntPrj e Right click on it and select Ea t from the context sensitive menu e On the Basic Data tab press the Project Settings Edit button the button with the blue right arrow The Project Settings dialogue will open e On the Validity Period page adjust the start and end time of the project e Press OK to accept the changes and close the window How To Use the Ne
74. or variable pgini available on the Load Flow tab of the generators dialogue is scaled according to the Virtual Power Plant rules must run merit of order etc in order to achieve the total target value Virtual Power Plant objects ElmBmu are stored inside the Virtual Power Plants folder within the Network Data directory 4 3 1 Defining and Editing a New Virtual Power Plant A new Virtual Power Plant is created by Multi selecting in a single line diagram or in a data browser an initial set of generators to be included in the Virtual Power Plant pressing the right mouse button and selecting Define gt Virtual Power Plant from the context sensitive menu Terminal General Load Static Generator Photovoltaic new Edit Data Jump to next page Switch Ott Isolate f Add to b Variable Set Sim Show Variable Set Harmonics Load Flow Path E variable Set Frequency Sweep Calculate Output Data b Fyreactite DPI Srrints Create lextbox Reconnect grophaiy Virtual Power Plant Disconnect Element Fault Case K Planned Outage Generator Derating Reconnect Flement Cut Cupy Delete Element General Sct Figure 4 3 Defining a Virtual Power Plant Alternatively you can create a new Virtual Power Plant by using the Data Manager e Open a data manager e Find the Virtual Power Plant folder 2577 and click on it a e Press the icon for defining new objects e Select Other
75. overcurrent protection relay settings calculation has the purpose to e Verify that the settings thresholds time delays and curve shapes of the overcurrent devices satisfy the requirements to achieve the protection of the circuit respecting the selectivity constrains and guarantying the normal operation of the system e Calculate the settings thresholds time delays and curve shapes to satisfy protection selectivity and normal operation It s possible to run the verification process without running the calculation process The calculation process is using the verification phase to validate the results and generate a report of the achieved results The Protection Coordination Wizard has the ability to verify calculate the selectivity for each protective device using the settings of one phase inverse element two phase definite time elements one phase ground inverse element and two ground definite time elements To protect the system the rules implemented in the wizard are calculating the relay settings of one phase inverse element two phase definite time elements and one ground time definite element The Protection Coordination Wizard requires that protective devices have been created on each side of a line or of a transformer Motors generic loads capacitors must be protected by a protective device located on the motor generic load capacitor feeder itself Please keep in mind that the coordination process is flexible but c
76. owerFactory Version 14 0 V SILEN IG Table of Contents o INGUW ONLI Reducida 67 5 5 LEXeCUUNG the Reductor PROCESS ii 67 5 5 2 Options of the Network ReductiOnN coocoocoocooroccnaroncnaroncnorcoronrnoronrnnronrrnronrrnronrrnrnnrrnronrrnronrrnrrenrenrennenns 69 IO FECHIMIGAl Back ro UNG aaa 74 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 vi 1 Introduction 3 Y 1 Introduction This paper will give you a description of the most important new features in PowerFactory Version 14 0 For more detailed information please refer to the User s Manual 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model 2 1 General Arrangement of Data in the Project Folder To understand the structure of the project folder it is useful to examine which kind of information is represented by the data and what it is used for This will direct us to the data model of PowerFactory Figure 2 1 shows the new data arrangement In Version 14 all changes in the projects are tracked the date day and time of changing and the user who did the changing are stored inside the data base Data Manager VariationsWariation 2009 Expansion Stage 1 be Be OR aes a wa es Project eG Head Folder Object modified Object modified by S10 Library r S10 Equipment Type Library gt Static Generator Photovoltaic new 3 04 2008 11 24 44 Bernd Weise S10 Operational Library ve Cub_3 23 04 2008 11 22 58 Beind Weise tat CB Ratings Switch i 23 04 2008 1
77. pening the Edit dialogue box of the project To create a Virtual Project from a Base Project stored in other user s account you need at least read access see Sharing Projects How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 37 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 Once the derived project is created you can start to use it like a normal project In a step forward you would like to update the derived project from new versions of the base or even update the base with your derived project All of these features are possible as explained in chapter 3 3 Comparing and Merging Projects by means of the Merge Tool Latest regular version of the Base Project master project Version 2 Version 3 Version 4 Version 1 ee The data administrator issues updates to the Base project in form of Versions Public Area Data Administrator Area User Area n Figure 3 3 Derived Projects in a multi user data base In the Data Manager a virtual project looks like a normal project The Derived Project tab of its dialogue has a reference to the base project and the used version Users are notified of changes in base project if there is a new version of the base project newer than the used version marked with Notify users of derived projects and the option Disable notification at activation disabled The possibility to update the derived project is presented to the user at activation of the derived pro
78. peration scenario subsets can be applied to the Network Model The results of the check are reported as messages in the Output window When an operation scenario is incomplete at activation the default operational data is set for the incomplete elements modifying the operation scenario If an operation scenario is active all operational data attributes in property sheets or in data manager are highlighted in a blue color This indicates that changes of these values will not modify the base component or variation but are recorded by the active operation scenario General Load Distribution Power System ndustrial Area ElmLod Full Short Circuit ANSI Short Circuit AMS Simulation EMT Simulation Harmonics Optimization State Estimator Reliability Description Basic Data Load Flow VDE EC Short Circuit Eemal Input Mode Default Fane amp BalancedUnbalanced Balanced 9 K Actual Values a MMA Active Power E M Reactive Power 2 06061 2 Mivar 2 06061 2 M var Voltage f l p u Scaling Factor i Zone Scaling Factor 1 Figure 2 15 Blue highlighted operational data in an element dialogue How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 27 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model amp ES Object Filter ElmLod X Be QR weds MAA N Name Grid Input Mode Balanced Unba A React Pow N App Fow l Fow Fact cos phi
79. project and select the option Compare to Other Project For merging a derived project into the baseline use e Right click the derived project e Choose the option Action gt Merge from the context sensitive menu A third option and most flexible method is to e open the merge tool in the same way as in the first option e setting up the merge tool in its dialog according to the following instruction How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 40 SILEN 3 Data Organisation 2 3 3 2 Setting up the Merge Tool MergeTool claudia Test_Schemes MergeTool ComMerge e 3 way Comparison Base Object lek Test Schemes Base Modified Object 1 ww Test Schemes Mod Modified Object 2 7 Test S5chemest Mod Compare Onty Objects in Subfolder w Test_5chemesi Mod A Network Model Merge Target Modified Object 1 Figure 3 6 Starting the MergeTool 1 Off gt One object has to be chosen as base object and one as modified object On gt One base and two modified objects have to be chosen 2 Objects to compare gt Base is unmodified gt All kinds of objects not only projects can be chosen 3 All contained objects gt All objects contained by the chosen objects are compared the chosen objects themselves are ignored Only chosen objects gt Only the chosen objects are compared contained objects are ignored Only Objects in Subfolder gt Start comparison in selected subfolder 4 Folder to start comparis
80. r for beach balls Enabling the option Show Colour Legend will create a legend in the active single line diagram You can move and resize the legend by using the graphics cursor If the option Always show station connectivity colour for beach balls is active it is not possible to show the selected colour option By deactivating this option and pressing the Button OK the selected colouring option will be showed In this case beach balls are not coloured any more according to station connectivity but according to the selected colouring Colour Representation of Graphic 1ch HS Colour Representation of Graphic SetColer fx Colouring W Always display Out of Service elements gray Saag aii Cancel i Always show station connectivity colour for beach balls Colouring Station Connectivity Apply to all graphics Figure 2 8 Options for colouring graphics of single line diagram The button apply to all graphics will change the colouring mode not only for the active diagram but for all diagrams in the active graphics board 2 4 2 Show Detailed Substation Graphic There are two ways to open the graphic page of a substation First is to double click on the corresponding composite node in the overview diagram Second is to go to the graphic object of the substation in the data manager right click on it and choose Show Graphic 2 4 3 Creating a Composite Branch from Template E Go to the single lin
81. regarding the location of the reference bus bar and the power balancing method become available e Reference Busbar A bus bar different than the one connecting the slack machine or network can be selected as reference for the voltage angle In this case the user must specify the value of the voltage angle at the selected reference bus which will be remotely controlled by the assigned slack machine or network e Angle User defined voltage angle for the selected reference bus bar The value will be remotely controlled by the slack machine external network Only available if a Reference Busbar has been selected e P balancing If there is load ElmLod connected to the reference bus bar the active power balance can be achieved by increasing decreasing the active power demand of that load or using the reference machine 5 1 3 Time Phase Time Phases are used for Contingency and Reliability analyses When performing steady state reliability analyses it is important to regard the duration of contingencies in order to determine if controlled devises such as transformer tap changers or switchable shunts are to be considered according to their controller time constants under the changing topological conditions The duration of a How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 56 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions contingency is also important when regarding the short time thermal ratings of branch components which
82. rmally this option is enabled Equivalent model for power inject The load flow equivalent is composed of mutual impedances among boundary nodes and power injections and shunt impedances at boundary nodes Such a power injection could be represented by different models For the load flow equivalent there are three options models which you can choose Load Equivalent a load demand Ward Equivalent an AC voltage source which is configured as Ward Equivalent Extended Ward Equivalent an AC voltage source which is configured as Extended Ward Equivalent Calculate short circuit equivalent With this option you specify whether the short circuit equivalent shall be calculated option enabled or not option disabled Currently only the complete short circuit calculation method is supported Asymmetrical Representation With this option you specify if an unbalanced short circuit equivalent shall be created If this option is disabled only a balanced short circuit equivalent will be created valid for the calculation of 3 phase short circuits If this option is enabled an unbalanced short circuit equivalent is created as well valid for the calculation of single phase and 2 phase short circuits That means the network representation must include zero sequence and negative sequence parameters otherways the unbalanced calculation cannot be performed 5 5 2 2 Outputs On the Outputs tab you can specify if the parameters of the reduced grid
83. rnas 50 AI SOCIE DA A AA A ES 50 4 15 Opumzation Data da 50 4 1 6 RMS EMT Simulation Data cccccccsesecccuccvaucecesceueauaususeueeueavaueususaseceeavauausesesueaeaueusesesueuvaneasauaususesess 50 4 2 USE Defined Capability CU 51 Ao Virtual POWCE Pla Cuca 53 4 3 1 Defining and Editing a New Virtual Power Plant css sees esec eee e ee ee ee ee eee eee 53 43 2 APplyind a Virtual Power To ainina a aaa a a a a a e a 54 4 3 3 Inserting a Generator into a Virtual Power Plant and Defining its Virtual Power Plant Properties 54 5 Power System Analysis FUNCION S vicciiscccecssissscinccucccssacsssevcncvascatesacavandeousersdsaciacdsacscissecssbasdsexdniscurs 56 BL Rais h alec AnS Sii 56 ll DEE Fow Near Sa A A de Santee aiaatadd A 56 5 12 Reference Bus and Bala a 56 Da e AIMS Pasar 56 52 MOE CCU AT GIy HHT 57 3 3 COMUMGESNCY ANALYSIS aia 58 3 LAUNCHING CONENGENEYAMalVSIS asa 58 A O E 58 o EEC NES TTT 61 Deh AAV AIG SCI OPUS A AAA A 61 5 579 Re DOGUCING a CONMtINGENCY airera A OE A AA E AA AA A 61 5 36 Browsing Fault Cases and Fault Groso bai 62 53 A DENMING H QUIE CASE ad 62 5 30 DEnNAINnd a Eau Gr OO Diari dia 62 5 4 The Protection Coordination WIZard irienna rr rr rr rr rre rr rr 63 5 4 1 Starting the Protection Coordination WIZard s sss sese sees esec eee 63 5 4 2 The Dialogue Window of the Protection Coordination Wizard ccccccseceeseeeeeeeeseeeeeaeeeeeaeeeeeaeeeeeaeeseeaees 66 How To Use the New Features of P
84. rt circuit currents are concerned the frequency related parameters can be skipped by uncheck this option gt Network Reduction les Fault Amplidyne Network Reduction ComRed KAES Basic Options Outputs Advanced U pions Verification Execute red didi she ie Mutual Impedance Close Ignore above 1000 p u based on 100 M A Cancel W Calculate Equivalent Parameters at All Frequencies Figure 5 12 Network Reduction Advanced Options How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 TZ SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions 5 5 2 4 Verification Check equivalent results If the option Check load flow results after reduction is enabled the load flow results at the boundary nodes will be checked against the results of the original network A warning message will be given if the results do not fit Check Deviation of Working Point If the option Save Original Operation Point to Result File is enabled the operation point where the network reduction takes place will be automatically saved to result files Two results file will be created e LdfResultforNR ElmRes voltage magnitude and angle of all boundary nodes e ShcResultforNR ElmRes short circuit level at all boundary nodes including 1 Ikss L Iks ip ip lp ib Ip Ib Xp Rp XtoR_b and X R XtoR Network Reduction les Fault Amplidyne Network Reduction ComRed wales Basic Options Outputs Advanced Options Werific
85. s How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 vo SILEN 4 Models of Power System Components y e Then select Virtual Power Plant ElmBmu in the list box e Assign a suitable name to the Virtual Power Plant e Press OK The rules which determine the dispatch of the selected generators are set in the Virtual Power Plant dialogue The total active power to be dispatched is set in the field Active Power The dispatch of the belonging generators variable pgini from the Load Flow tab of the generator is set by pressing the Apply button If the Maximal active power sum of the included generators sum of the maximal active power operational limit of the gen erators is smaller than the active power to be dispatched an error message pops up Otherwise the dispatch is set according the user defined Distribution Mode e According to merit order Distribution of the dispatched active power is done according to the priorities given to each generator in the Merit Order column of the Machines table this value can also be set in the Optimization tab of the generators dialogue Lower values have higher priority Generators with the option Must Run checked are dispatched even if they have low priority high value It is assumed that the merit of order of all generators in the Virtual Power Plant is different If not an error message appears after the Apply button is pressed e According to script The rule
86. s 5 5 2 Options of the Network Reduction In this section the options of the network reduction available on the different tabs of the command dialogue are explained 5 5 2 1 Basic Options Network Reduction les Fault Amplidyne Network Reduction ComRed x Basic Options Outputs Advanced Options Verification Execute red ldf shovte Boundary Boundary Load Flow i Calculate load flow equivalent Close Cancel Equivalent Model for Power Injection C Load Equivalent Ward Equivalent f Extended ard Equivalent Short Circuit i Calculate short circuit equivalent Asymmetrical Representation Figure 5 10 Network Reduction Basic Options Boundary The part of the grid which shall be reduced has to be defined by a boundary Since in the boundary folder many boundaries could be defined the user has to select the boundary corresponding to the cut which devides of the original grid into the part that shall be reduced and the part that shall remain in full representation Only one boundary can be used in the network reduction calculation For more information about boundaries please refer to section 2 3 1 6 Boundaries How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 69 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions Calculate load flow equivalent With this option enabled the load flow equivalent will be calculated If you disable this option the load flow equivalent will not be created No
87. s called Expansion Stages to model such time dependant variations Expansion stages are stored inside so called Variation objects Variations can be seen as expansion plans composed of different expansion stages which are chronologically activated Variations like all other network data are stored inside the Network Model folder Expansion Stages of an active Variation are activated automatically by PowerFactory if you set the date and time of the calculation case to a value which is equal to or higher than the Activation Time of the expansion stage This concept of variations and expansion stages is complemented by Operation Scenarios which are stored on the same level like the network model because these scenarios don t model the grid itself but its operation How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 3 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 1 3 Operation Scenarios Storing recurrent operation points and being able to activate or deactivate them when required accelerates the analyses of the network under different operative conditions e g different dispatch programs low or high load periods etc PowerFactory can store complete operation points in objects called operation scenarios These kind of data which is subject to frequent changes during a study and may be used to simulate different operation scenarios of the same network is further grouped in subsets Within the project folder operati
88. s modifications on the operational data are stored in the operation scenario subsets the expansion stage keeps the default operational data If no operation scenarios are active and new components are added by the current expansion stage the operational data of the new components will add to the corresponding operation scenario subsets when activated 2 6 1 Creating a new Operation Scenario In order to create a new empty Operation Scenario e Inthe Data Manager right click on the operation scenarios folder of the active project e Select New gt Operation Scenario from the context sensitive menu as shown in Figure 2 13 e The dialogue of the new operation scenario pops up write the name and press Ok Alternatively an Operation Scenario can be created by the saving operational data of the current active network components This is done by the item Save Scenario as from PowerFactorys main menu File In this case the new operation scenario is automatically activated How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 25 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model amp ES Data Manager Operation Scenarios E a alx aX th O MALOL 0 wags Library E Ex Network Model EA Operation Scenario High Load 3 04 2008 11 15 13 o else oH Diagrams Operation Scenario Low Load 2 04 008 11 15 28 Network Data Variations fi Operation Scer Edit Eh Operation Scer Find K a Study Cases 7 Fal Setti
89. s for the dispatch are set in user defined DPL scripts which are stored inside Virtual Power Plant object To create new scripts or to edit the existing ones you must open a data browser with the Scripts button 4 3 2 Applying a Virtual Power Plant Check that the active power set for the Virtual Power Plant is less than or equal to the maximum power Press the Apply button 4 3 3 Inserting a Generator into a Virtual Power Plant and Defining its Virtual Power Plant Properties Generators are added to an existing Virtual Power Plant by adding a reference in the Optimization tab of their edit dialogue Notice that a generator can belong to at most one Virtual Power Plant Define the Merit Order and must run properties as required You also can add a generator to a Virtual Power Plant by clicking with the right mouse button on the element in the network graphic and choose Add to gt Virtual Power Plant from the context sensitive menu How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 5 4 SILEN 4 Models of Power System Components 2 Virtual Power Plant Virtual Power Plant ElmBmu Basic Data Description Hame Virtual Power Plant Out of Service Mas Active Power Sum 05 2 M A Distribution Mode 0 Actual Active Power Sum 60 2 Mi According to Merit Order According to Script New Active Power 165 M Adjust Reactive Power accordingly Dispatchable Machines a Dispatchable Machines
90. s that correspond to the Boundary nodes This means that for a given virtual additional AI injection variation of current phasor in the Boundary branches from the retained grid to the grid to be reduced the resulting Au variations of voltage phasor in the Boundary nodes must be the same with the equivalent grid as the one that would have been obtained with the original grid This must be valid for positive sequence negative sequence and zero sequence cases if these ones are to be considered in the calculation unbalanced short circuit equivalent 5 5 3 3 Handling of Slack Bus If the slack bus is located in the Grid to be reduced a neighbourhood of this slack will be automatically selected This neighbourhood will be excluded from the Grid to be reduced That means the neighbourhood of the slack bus will remain after the Network Reduction procedure The neighbourhood is searched from the slack element towards each connection until a non zero impedance element is passed How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 74 ANNEXES How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 75 Annex A 1 Table of Figures Figure 2 1 Data Arrangement in the Data Manager sees rl eee eee 1 FIGUFE 2 2 Operational Dai ai 2 SIS 2 32 Operation SCENANIOS ia AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA Ad 4 Figure 2 4 Variations folder with Expansion Stages ccccscesssecseecceeeceeeceneconecceeeoeeesseessaesanesanesanesenseseeessasssnesenesansso
91. selected objects from Mod2 x Deletes assignments for all selected objects Deletes assignments for all compared objects Print comparison report gt Prints all compared objects with its modification flags and dependencies to the output window Print modifications gt Prints the modifications of all selected and modified objects to the output window gt Unmodified objects are not reported gt If parameters were changed the values of the modified parameters are also reported H Check Assignments gt Checks if all objects are assigned and if the assignments lead to a conflict gt Prints a report to the output window gt If conflicts were detected the conflict is shown in the Conflict column of the table for the affected object 4 Shows only differences in chosen folder How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 43 SILENZ 3 Data Organisation 2 Shows dependencies by grouping objects objects can be shown more than once Shows all objects OO Ia mo Shows only modified objects OO ir EO Shows only modified objects e Shows only objects with conflicts E Shows only objects not yet assigned E modifications ka Here you can select if you want to show e only modifies objects e added objects e deleted objects or e All modifications Info Shows detailed information of the current comparison merge i e the base mod1 and mod2 object Target object for merge only and the number of
92. shall be reported only or if the reduced grid shall be stored in a new variation Calculation of Parameters only The equivalent parameters are calculated and reported no new variation will be created Create a new Variation for reduced network The equivalent parameters are calculated and a new variation will be created automatically to store the reduced network representation Reduce Network without Creating a new Variation The reduced network will be stored directly in the grid folder inside the network data folder No variation will be created The part of the grid to be reduced will be deleted and replaced by its reduced representation If you don t want to lose the data of the original grid you should save the data before executing the network reduction with this option To safe the data either create a revision manually create a version of the project make a copy of the whole project or export the project How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 70 SILEN 5 Power System Analysis Functions Network Reduction si Network reductionWHetwork Reduction ComRed x Basic Options Outputs Advanced Options Verification Execute Execute ed ldf shevte Reprezenation of Equivalent Close Calculation of Parameters Only Cancel Reduce Network without Creating a new Wariation Figure 5 11 Network Reduction Outputs 5 5 2 3 Advanced Options Mutual Impedance You can enter the value for the maxi
93. sion stages are by default sorted according to their activation time in ascending order How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 12 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 3 2 2 Activating a Variation To activate a variation right click on it and select Activate from the context sensitive menu The variation and the belonging expansion stages will be activated based on their activation times and the current study case time The expansion stages will be highlighted depending on the study time indicating their activation status Figure 2 6 is an example showing how the expansion stages are coloured according to the specified times The study time of Study Case A is set between the activation time of Expansion stage 2 and Expansion stage 3 Consequently Expansion stage 1 is coloured dark red indicating that the changes introduced into the network in that stage are effective Expansion stage 2 is coloured light red indicating that the changes introduced in this stage are effective furthermore any other changes made in the network will be recorded in this expansion stage In other words it is the Recording Expansion stage Expansion stage 3 is not coloured meaning that for this study case it is dormant Note More than one variation can be active for a study case However there will always be only one recording stage aaa i Data Manager VariationsWariation 2009 Am AX
94. st version Description Figure 3 1 Creating a new project version 3 1 2 Rollback Function The state of a project at a certain version can be recovered by means a function called Rollback If a Rollback is performed the project returns to the state it has at the creation of a selected version let s called it v With the Rollback all the changes implemented after v at v s point of time are deleted All versions newer than v are also removed To perform a Rollback e Deactivate the target project e Right click on the v version and select Rollback to this version from the context sensitive menu e Press Ok on the confirmation message Notice that a Rollback is not allowed not enabled in the context sensitive menu if a version to be deleted is the base of a derived project A Rollback can not be undone 3 1 3 Checking dependencies of a version To check dependencies of a Version e Activate the project How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 35 SILENJ 3 Data Organisation y e Go to the version folder inside your project e Right click the version you want to edit delete e Select the option Action gt Output derived projects e You will now get a list of derived projects in the output window of PowerFactory 3 1 4 Delete a version To delete a Version e Activate the project e Go to the version folder inside your project e Right click the vers
95. tem Stages located inside the Grid folders Concerning this point please refer to Section 5 5 2 2 Outputs How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 67 e Define the Boundary necessary to split the grid in the part that shall be reduced and the part that shall remain in its detailed representation Make sure that the Boundary splits the network into two regions by using the Check Split button of the Boundary dialogue For more information about boundaries please refer to Section 2 3 1 6 Boundaries e Select the Additional Tools from the main icon bar e Press the Network Reduction button from the Additional Tools icon bar Figure 5 9 This opens the dialogue for the network reduction e Choose the settings according to Section 5 5 2 Options of the Network Reduction e Please click on the Execute button to start the reduction procedure 3 m He Efe Network Reduction lt Additional Tools Figure 5 9 The Network Reduction button in the Additional Tools icon bar Depending on the option you select on the Outputs tab section 5 5 2 2 Outputs the procedure of the network reduction may automatically create a new variation system stage representing the original grid If the original system is represented with multiple grids or system stages of multiple grids a new system stage will be created in each one In the new system stage s the part of the grid which shall not be reduced remains in
96. that affect the defined interior regions are automatically detected by the program 2 3 1 7 Circuits Circuits are objects of the class ElmCircuit used to group branches in order to make clear which branches are connected galvanically Each branch ElmBranch can have a reference to any defined Circuit object This feature allows the sorting of branches according to the circuit they belong to To create a new Circuit e Inthe Data Manager open the Circuits folder from the Network Model e Click on the New Object icon e The edit dialogue of the new Circuit pops up Give a name to the new object and press Ok Branches are added to a circuit using the pointer from the Circuit field of the branch dialogue The button Branches in the Circuit dialogue opens a data browser listing the branches that refer to that circuit 2 3 1 8 Routes Routes are objects used to group line couplings tower elements Each coupling ElmTow can have a reference to any defined route ElmRoute Each route has a color that can be used to identify it in the single line diagrams when the corresponding coloring function is enabled 2 3 1 9 Operators For descriptive purposes it is useful to sort network components according to their operators Also for system operators it may result advantageous to generate summary reports of the losses generation load etc on their operated regions PowerFactory allows the definition of operators the assignment of network compone
97. the main menu File gt Deactivate Operation Scenario or by the context menu of the active Operation Scenario On deactivation previous operational data are restored If the Operation Scenario was modified a user confirmation is requested whether to save the changes or to discard them 2 6 5 Performing Actions on Operation Scenarios On the property sheet of a scenario the following actions are available e Save Saves modified scenario to database only active if scenario was modified e Save as Saves current operational data of network components as a new scenario The new scenario will automatically be activated afterwards e Reporting Checks if operational data stored in scenario are complete available for all currently active components and refer to valid components Inconsistencies are reported to the PowerFactory output window e Apply Copies all operational data stored in the scenario to the network components without activating the scenario If another scenario or a variation is active it will record these values Else the base model is changed e Compare Compares two scenarios and prints a comparison report to the output window Only inactive scenarios can be compared e Reporting RA Non default running arrangement selections will be reported only enabled if scenario is active Most of these actions are also available in context menu of an Operation Scenario How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14
98. to open the corresponding edit dialogue Similar to circuit breaker ratings capability curves can become time dependant by means of variations and expansion stages stored inside the Mvar Limit Curves folder Capability Curves are assigned using the reference from the Load Flow tab of the synchronous generators They are included in the operation scenario subsets therefore if a capability curve is selected reset from a generator How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 5 1 when an operation scenario is active the change will be stored in the operation scenario Once the operation scenario is deactivated the assignment reset of the curve is reverted 4 2 1 5 Defining a Variation of a MVAr Limits Curve Find the MVAr Limits Curves folder on the left side of a data manager Right click on it and select New gt Variation Provide a suitable name and select OK Now right click on the new variation and select New gt Expansion stage Edit the stage and press OK 4 2 1 6 Activating a Variation of a MVAr Limits Curve Open a Data Manager Locate the Variation object in the Mvar Limits Curves folder of the Operational Library Right click on this object and select Activate How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 52 4 3 Virtual Power Plant Virtual Power Plants are used to group generators in the network in such a way that the total dispatched active power is set to a target value The dispatch of each generat
99. ton Save as Figure 2 10 This action stores the switch settings of the substation as a new RA This button is only available if there is currently no RA selection active Further a button Overwrite is available to store current switch statuses into an existing Running Arrangement Substation Distribution Grid 1WoubleBusWithTie ElmSubstat 2 Mx Basic Data Reliabilty Description Name DoubleB USART e Short Name Nominal Voltage 10 ki Set Nominal oltage Running Arrangement Cancel Contents Running Arrangement aea Overarite Assign by Study Time Figure 2 10 Edit dialogue of a substation How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 2 1 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 5 1 2 Selecting a Running Arrangement A running arrangement can be selected in the property sheet of a substation Figure 2 11 By pressing the Select button S a list of valid running arrangements for current substation is displayed Changing the selection is immediately reflected in the graphic preview While a running arrangement is selected the switch statuses of a substation are determined by this running arrangement and cannot be changed by the user read only If there is no setting for a switch in a running arrangement RA is incomplete such a switch will remain unchanged but its status is also set to read only Furthermore there is a button Select by Study Tim
100. tus bar is at the very bottom of the screen below the output window To display the recording expansion stage in the status bar right click on the right most field and choose Display Options gt Recording Expansion stage 2 3 2 8 Checking Editing the Study Time Date Time of the Calculation Case Double click the study case or open the Edit dialog by right click Use the Bl button to change the activation time for the study case Alternatively press on the Date Time of Calculation Case button lt u This will open the same window where you can set the time Lastly at the lower right corner of the screen the time of the simulation case is displayed By double clicking on this field you are taken to the same window The study time can change the recording expansion stage explicitly How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 14 gt SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model Y 2 3 2 9 The Variation Scheduler The default activation of expansion stages is carried out according to their study time as described above The so called Variation Scheduler can be used as an alternative method to manage this activation order The Variation Scheduler objects of the class IntSscheduler stores references to the existing stages on a variation and manages different activation times and out of service Exclude from activation options The Variation Scheduler is an object inside the variation that when
101. w Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 5 SILEN 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model amp 2 3 The Network Model As introduced in section 2 1 2 the Network Model folder contains the set of graphical and electrical data that defines the networks and the single line diagrams of the studied power system This set of data is going to be referred as the network data model The following folders are defined inside the Network Model e Network Diagrams Contains all the objects with the graphical information single line diagrams from the networks defined in the project e Network Data Contains all the network components of the power system generators busbars transformers lines switches controller models etc e Variations This folder contains the objects representing variations of the defined networks like topological changes installation or retirement of network components etc You can set time stamps of the variations on order to make them time dependant 2 3 1 Network Topology Handling 2 3 1 1 Nodes In circuit theory the junction points connecting lines generators loads etc to the network are generally called nodes In PowerFactory nodes are modeled by means of objects called Terminals ElmTerm Depending on their usage within the power system terminals can be the representation of busbars junctions or simply internal nodes the usage is defined in a drop down menu found in the Basic Data tab of the termi
102. w Object icon to create the new components Components of a substation can of course be connected with components of the corresponding grid or even with components of other networks The connection in the Data Manager is carried out following the same procedure discussed in the previous section 2 3 1 4 Branches Similar to substations PowerFactory allows the storing of nodes and branch elements under the same object Branch object ElmBranch in order to represent branched off connections between two terminals or substations Branches are composite two port elements that may be connected at each end to a node One typical application is a distribution line with branched off loads along the connection transmission lines loads and the corresponding terminals can be stored together under the same branch the two ends of the line correspond to the branch connections with the grid As in the case of Substations separate single line graphics for branches can be created with the graphical editor Next a description of the procedure used to define new branches from the data manager is given For information about working with branches in the graphical editor please refer to section 2 4 How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory Version 14 0 T SILENT 2 The PowerFactory V14 Standard Data Model y To define a new branch from the Data Manager do the following e Display the content of the grid where you want to create the new substation e Ri

How To Use the New Features of PowerFactory

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