Scavenger Transceiver Module STM 400J 26 June 2013
Contents
1. DI 3 Status of digital input 3 DI 2 Status of digital input 2 DI 1 Status of digital input 1 DI 0 Status of digital input 0 The voltages measured at the analog inputs can be calculated from these values as follows U Value of AD_x 2 x1 8 V n resolution of channel in bit 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 21 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 9 5 2 Link Layer Data DATA DL for Teach in Telegrams In case a manufacturer code is programmed into the module the module transmits in stead of transmitting a normal telegram a dedicated teach in telegram if m digital input DI 3 0 at wake up or m wake up via WAKE1 pin LRN input With this special teach in telegram it is possible to identify the manufacturer of a device and the function and type of a device There is a list available from the EnOcean Alliance describing the functionalities of the respective products If no manufacturer code is programmed the module does not react to signal changes on WAKE1 LRN input RORG 0xA5 Telegram type ABS DATA BYTEO 3 see below Function Type Manufacturer ID Defined by manufacturer LRN Type 1 REO 2 set to 0 LRN 0 DIO DI2 current status of digital inputs Data Byte3 Data_Byte2 Data Bytel Data ByteO a Function Type Manufacturer LRN Type RE2 RE1 REO LRN DI2 DI1 DIO 6 Bit 7 Bit I2. Delay time between SCO on No and sampling moment Value can be set from 0 ms to 508 ms in steps of 2 ms Default delay time is 2 ms EnOcean Equipment Profile Source of AD 2 No Select if AD 2 contains measurement value of external ADIO2 pin or from internal VDD 4 Polarity of SCO signal No Polarity can be inversed Edge of wake pin change No Every change of a wake pin triggers a wake up causing a telegram trans For both wake pins it can be configured indi mission vidually if a telegram shall be sent on rising falling or both edges Manufacturer ID and EEP No Information about manufacturer and type of device This feature is needed for automatic interoperability of sensors and actuators or bus systems Information how to set these parame ters requires an agreement with EnOcean Unique manufacturer IDs are distributed by the EnOcean Alliance The interface is shown in the figure below Dolphin Studio or EOP USB lt gt SPI interface Reset PROG_EN ADIO7 SCSEDIOO SCLKDIO1 WSDADIO2 RSDADIO3 EnOcean provides EOPX EnOcean Programmer a command line program and Dolphin Studio Windows application for chip configuration programming and testing and the USB SPI programmer device as part of the EDK 350 developer s kit 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 17 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 9 Radio telegram s
3. USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 26 June 2013 Observe precautions Electrostatic sensitive devices Patent protected WO98 36395 DE 100 25 561 DE 101 50 128 WO 2004 051591 DE 103 01 678 A1 DE 10309334 WO 04 109236 WO 05 096482 WO 02 095707 US 6 747 573 US 7 019 241 EnOcean GmbH Phone 49 89 67 34 689 0 Subject to modifications Kolpingring 18a Fax 49 89 67 34 689 50 STM 400J User Manual V1 0 June 26 2013 82041 Oberhaching info enocean com Page 1 39 Germany www enocean com USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J REVISION HISTORY The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of this document No Major Changes 1 0 Initial Release for STM 400 Published by EnOcean GmbH Kolpingring 18a 82041 Oberhaching Germany www enocean com info enocean com phone 49 89 6734 6890 EnOcean GmbH All Rights Reserved Important This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteris tics No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice For the latest product specifications refer to the EnOcean web site http www enocean com As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned liability is only assumed for modules not for the described applications processes and circuits
4. 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 27 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 4 Using RVDD If RVDD is used in an application circuit a serial ferrite bead shall be used and wire length should be as short as possible lt 3 cm The following ferrite beads have been tested 74279266 0603 74279205 0805 from W rth Elektronik During radio transmission and reception only small currents may be drawn I 100 HA Pulsed current drawn from RVDD has to be avoided If pulsed currents are necessary suffi cient blocking has to be provided 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 28 39 USER MANUAL 4 5 Antenna options for STM 400J 4 5 1 Overview Green Smart Wireless enocean Several antenna types have been investigated by EnOcean Please refer to our application notes AN102 and AN105 which give an overview on our recommendations 4 5 2 Whip antenna 928 35 MHz Antenna 64 mm wire connect to RF_WHIP Minimum GND plane 50 mm x 50 mm Minimum distance space 10 mm 4 5 3 Helical antenna 928 35 MHz according to drawing below connect to RF_WHIP Minimum GND plane 35 mm x 30 mm Minimum distance space 10 mm 2 18 2 1 Mindungsbereich al 1 coil area 2 Windungsbereich p T 2 coil area co coi Doppe correspon concerns Ansicht A view 1 Windungsbereich 0 5 Windungen Aue
5. 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 38 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 5 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS The modules have been tested to fulfil the approval requirements based on the built in firmware When developing customer specific firmware based on the API for this module special care must be taken not to exceed the specified regulatory limits e g the duty cycle limitations 5 1 Japanese Type Approval STM 400 complies with the Japanese radio law and will be certified according to ARIB STD T108 Upon completion of the certification process STM 400J will contain the certification ID MIC marking on the back side label If the certification label cannot be recognized in the final product e g if STM 400 is in stalled in a host system or in a package then the appropriate information must be refer enced in the user manual of the product 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 39 39
6. Assumptions Operation Time in darkness h when storage Required reload time h at 200 lux within 24 h for continuous operation storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small 21 16 8 7 8 3 6 3 24 h operation after 6 h illumination at x lux storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small 260 120 100 Current Illumina in HA tion level required in lux for for con continuous tinuous operation o m Storage PAS614L VL3 with 0 25 F Umax 3 2 V Uminz2 2 V T 25 C Consumption Transmit cycle 100 uC measurement cycle 30 uC Indoor solar cell operating values 3 V and 5 pA 200 lux fluorescent light e g ECS 300 solar cell Current proportional to illumination level not true at very low levels These values are calculated values the accuracy is about 20 2013 EnOcean www enocean com peration STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 23 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 4 1 How to connect an energy harvester and energy storage STM 400 is designed for use with an external energy harvester and energy storage In order to support a fast start up and long term operation with no energy supply available usually two different storages are used The small storage fills quickly and allows a fast start up The large storage fills slowly
7. Change of logic state leads to wake up and transmission of a telegram See also 4 3 Change of logic state to LOW leads to wake up and transmission of teach in telegram if a manufacturer is programmed See also 0 and RF WHIP RF output Sea for whip antenna RF_50 RF output 50 Ohm output for external antenna STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 11 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 3 1 GPIO supply voltage For digital communication with other circuitry peripherals the digital 1 0 configured pins of the mixed signal sensor interface ADIOO to ADIO7 and the pins of the programming interface SCSEDIOO SCLKDIO1 WSDADIO2 RSDADIO3 may be operated from supply voltages different from DVDD Therefore an interface supply voltage pin IOVDD is available which can be connected either to DVDD or to an external supply within the tolerated volt age range of IOVDD Please note that the wristwatch XTAL I Os WXIDIO and WXODIO are always supplied from UVDD If DVDD 0 V e g in any sleep mode or if VDD VOFF and IOVDD is supplied there may be unpredictable and varying current from IOVDD caused by internal floating nodes It must be taken care that the current into IOVDD does not exceed 10 mA while DVDD 0 V If DVDD 0 V and IOVDD is not supplied do not apply voltage to any above men tioned pin This may lead to unpredictable malfunction of the device For I O pins configured as analog pins the IOVDD voltage level is not r
8. EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship Devices or systems contain ing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports directly or indirectly human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people animals or real value Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste Local government regulations are to be observed Packing Please use the recycling operators known to you 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 2 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 MODULE VARIANTS AND RELATED DOCUMENTS zsrnenseneenennenn eee non nun nun nnns 5 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION cetero ann 5 2 1 Basic functionality ss en na na 5 2 2 Technical d Aka Ka ag aaa Na a en 6 2 3 Physical dimensions ana KENEK KAE Ka AKE KAKA en nenn nun nun sea sea sea sea sea sea s nnn nnn 7 2 4 Environmental conditions aki ia kaa KA A KAE AN SEJA NGA aa aaa E A KAEN sea sea sene nn nnn 7 2 5 Ordering Information sasanak a naka aa nee Aga Kana KANGA a 7 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION aa nen 8 3 1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram eee en an en an en nn en 8 3 2 Hardware pin Out a ehe 9
9. Page 9 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 3 Pin description and operational characteristics STM 400J STM 400J STM 400J Function Characteristics Hardware pin Firmware Symbol G Ground connec Must be connected to GND tion Supply voltage 2 1V 5 0V Start up voltage 2 6 V Maximum ripple see 0 31 V_OUT RF supply volt 1 8 V Output current max 10 mA age regulator See 4 4 output Supply for external circuitry avail able while not in deep sleep mode 25 DVDD Digital supply 1 8 V Output current max 5 mA voltage regulator Supply for external circuitry avail output able while not in deep sleep mode 32 UVDD Ultra low power Not for supply of external circuitry supply voltage For use with WAKE pins see section regulator output 4 3 Max 1 pA output current limiter input Maximum shunting current 50 mA 23 IOVDD GPIO supply Must be connected to desired inter voltage face supply voltage as specified in O e g to DVDD See also 0 Programming I F Connect external 10 kQ pull down PROG EN 18 PROG EN Programming I F HIGH programming mode active LOW operating mode Digital input connect external 10 kQ a pull down ADIO1 ADIO2 ADIO3 ADIO4 Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit default or 6 bit See also 3 3 2 A Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit See also 3 3 2 Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2
10. Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 D D D ND DD AD_O Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit default or 10 bit See also 3 3 2 2 IO I 1 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 10 39 USER MANUAL STM 400 ADIO5 ADIO6 m RSDADIO3 WXIDIO WXODIO WAKE1 N D gt A m RF_WHIP RF_50 2013 EnOcean www enocean com Digital input Digital input Transmission indicator LED __ Programming I F Encoding TT UP for wake up cy cle Saas Programming I F pi Encoding input for wake up cy cle Soong uri Programming I F Encoding input for retransmis sion Green Smart Wireless enocean Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 Max output current 2 mA IOVDD 3 3 V 0 65 mA IOVDD 1 8 V Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Programming VF S O Encoding input for retransmis sion Leave open or connect to GND SS ECS ET e SSS Se ees Sensor control Digital output max current 15 JA HIGH x ms before analog inputs are read x 0 508 ms default 2 ms LOW at wake up and after reading of analog inputs Polarity can be inverted delay time can be programmed see 3 8 2 zn control Max output current 15 uA ne 3 7 for description of behaviour WAKEO Wake input T _
11. affected at random GND GND No redundant retransmission A radio telegram is always transmitted after wake up via WAKE pins After transmission the counter is reset to a random value within the specified in terval 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 16 39 USER MANUAL STM 400 Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 8 2 Configuration via programming interface Via the programming interface the configuration area can be modified This provides a lot more configuration options Values set via programming interface override hardware set tings These settings are read after RESET or power on reset only and not at every wake up of the module Parameter Configuration Configuration via pins See section 3 8 1 Wake up cycle via programming interface Value can be set from 1 s to 65534 s Redundant Retransmission cycle See section 3 8 1 Min Max values for random interval If Min Max random switched off Threshold values for No analog inputs The default values are 5 LSB at AD 1 input 6 LSB at AD 0 and 14 LSB at AD 2 The threshold value can be set between 0 and full scale for every input individually Resolution of the analog No Default AD 0 8 bit AD 1 8 bit AD 2 8 bit inputs Option AD 0 10 bit AD 1 6 bit AD 2 8 bit Input mask No A digital input mask for ignoring changes on digital input pins At default all input bits are checked
12. 3 3 Pin description and operational characteristics 10 3 3 1 GPIO supply voltage rasen nn 12 3 3 2 Analog and digital inputs sisi 13 3 4 Absolute maximum ratings non operating 14 3 5 Maximum ratings operating sis nun menn 14 3 6 Power management and voltage regulators 2s srerannennn nenne nennen nn nenn nenn anne 14 3 7 Charge control output CCO kae eaaa nennen nennen mene nnn nn 15 3 8 Configurations UD 16 3 821 Configuration via PINS Ts ara asa eei cis ea a apa PG FR memes bers 16 3 8 2 Configuration via programming interface sesunu eea nean anem eee eee nennen 17 3 9 Radio telegram Structure vs esce kona aana a te ne 18 3 9 1 Frame str cture cierre eer rer wr ee ne 18 39 2 Frame Parameters beste aa suisses eor BN BB D GA BE BU ha na der router eo Ga EA GAN TOUR 18 3 9 3 Data Payload DATA PL Structure iii enis aaa a ena al je a AN 18 3 9 4 Data Payload Parameters aaa aee eea nennen menses 19 3 9 4 1 Header Param ters naar nn 19 3 9 4 2 Extended Header uzssssnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnennennen nennen ease sea sea sea sea sen nn nen 19 3 9 4 3 Extended Telegram type unsuaennennennnnnennnn nenn nn nun nun nun nun nun nean nnn 20 3 9 4 4 Originator ID iraire nire ae nn ner 20 3 9 4 5 DestinatlonsID nereseno Rn ERE RE CREE KE 20 3 9 4 6 Data DE een na ae en nern 20 3 9 4 7 Optional Data sai anne 20 3 9 4 8 c ge aa 20 3 9 5 L
13. 4 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 1 MODULE VARIANTS AND RELATED DOCUMENTS This document describes the operation of STM 400J modules based on the Dolphin V4 core with their built in firmware If you want to write own firmware or need more detailed information please also refer to Dolphin V4 Core Description Dolphin API Documentation In addition we recommend following our application notes in particular AN102 Antenna Basics Basic Antenna Design Considerations for EnOcean based Products AN207 ECS 300 310 Solar Panel Design Considerations AN208 Energy Storage Design Considerations AN209 STM 300 THERMO OR BATTERY POWERED Power Supply Alternatives to Solar Panel 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 2 1 Basic functionality The extremely power saving RF transmitter module STM 400J of EnOcean enables the reali zation of wireless and maintenance free sensors and actuators such as room operating panels motion sensors or valve actuators for heating control Power supply is provided by an external en ergy harvester e g a small solar cell e g EnOcean ECS 3x0 or a thermal harvester An energy storage device can be connected externally to bridge periods with no supply from the energy harvester A voltage limiter avoids damaging of the module when the supply from the energy harvester gets too high The module provides a user configur able cyclic wake up After wake up a radio telegra
14. VDD reaches the VON threshold the STM 400J charge control CCO goes high T1B rapidly dis charges C3 to GND and Q2 turns on long term storage The C3 charge recovers very slowly over R6 so Q2 cannot turn off long term storage immediately Only if VDD falls below VOFF for a longer time does C3 have time to recover and finally to turn off Q2 and thus the long term storage path over D4 from the STM 4007 avoiding deep discharge For more details and alternative circuits please refer to application note AN208 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 25 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 2 Using the SCO pin STM 400J provides an output signal at SCO which is suited to control the supply of the sen sor circuitry This helps saving energy as the sensor circuitry is only powered as long as necessary In the default configuration SCO provides a HIGH signal 2 ms delay time be fore the analog inputs are read Via the programming interface see 3 8 2 it is possible to adjust the delay time and also the polarity of the signal sco V STM400 Sensor circuit DVDD GND GND The figure above shows how the SCO pin with default polarity can be used to control an external sensor circuit Do not supply sensors directly from SCO as this output can only provide maximum 15 pA 4 3 Using the WAKE pins The logic input circuits of the WAKEO and WAKE1 pins are supplied by UVDD and therefo
15. i 2 aoe 4mm 0 5 coils pitch 4 2 area 2 Windungsbereich 6 65 Windungen Steigung 3 1 mm area 6 65 coils pitch 3 1 mm gestreckte L nge 141 7 mm developed length 141 7 mm bema un douple dimensioning 1 entspricht ganze Windung 4 2 2 s to whole coil 4 2 2 2 betrifft Schenkelstel lung bezogen auf Windungsanfang eg position referred to the beginning of coil Windungen d rfen sich nicht ber hren coils must not be in contact Ga Pritmab enn EEN BN PS Oberfl che verzinnt l tf hig nach DIN IEC 60068 Teil 2 20 Cu PHC 0 85 40 02 surface tinned solderable to DIN IEC 60068 part 2 20 A ANT 300 ALS SERIIESCOE ILS AWVERTRALT ALLE REIHTE VOSEBULTEN POPRLETHRY DATA CONT CONFIDENTIAL ALL RIGHTS FESEVED 2013 EnOcean www enocean com 2 m STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 29 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 6 Positioning of the whip antenna Positioning and choice of receiver and transmitter antennas are the most important factors in determining system transmission range For good receiver performance great care must be taken about the space immediately around the antenna since this has a strong influence on screening and detuning the an tenna The antenna should be drawn out as far as possible and must never be cut off Mainly the far end of the wire should be mounted as far away as possible at lea
16. possible in your design please provide coating on top of your PCB to prevent short circuits to the module All bare metal surfaces including vias have to be covered e g adequate layout of solder resist m Itis mandatory that the area marked by the circle in the figure below is kept clear of any conductive structures in the top layer and 0 3 mm below Otherwise RF performance will be degraded Furthermore any distortive signals e g bus signals or power lines should not be routed underneath the module If such signals are present in your design we sug gest separating them by using a ground plane between module and these signal lines The RVDD line should be kept as short as possible Please consider recommenda tions in section 4 4 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 32 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J Top layer 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 33 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Solder resist top layer 95 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Solder paste top layer The data above is also available as EAGLE library In order to ensure good solder quality a solder mask thickness of 150 uim is recommended In case a 120 um solder mask is used it is recommended to enlarge the solder print The pads on the solder print should t
17. 0 S3005 D310 50 0 x 20 0 x 1 1mm 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 7 39 gt USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 3 1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram Start Significant Teach In change Retransmission No No No 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 8 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J RF 50 RF WHIP LED DI 0 DI 1 DI 2 DI 3 AD O0 AD 1 AD 2 Mixed I O p Controller Interface oz E oOo zo HoHr ur D OO io II 1 1 M Uu aad n nO 3 3 50 3 a 3 2 Hardware pin out GND VDD DVDD VDDLIM GND Antenna TOVDO balun EO31001 RSDADIO3 RF_WHIP WSDADIO2 SHU SCLKDIO1 RF_50 gt STM400 TOP VIEW seseoroo GND 18 PROG_EN The figure above shows the pin out of the STM 400J hardware The pins are named accord ing to the naming of the Dolphin V4 core to simplify usage of the DOLPHIN API The table in section 3 3 shows the translation of hardware pins to a naming that fits the functionality of the built in firmware When writing own firmware based on the DOLPHIN API please refer to the Dolphin V4 Core Description and use this manual only for informa tion regarding the module hardware such as pin out layout recommendations charging circuitry antenna options and approvals 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0
18. D 11 Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 3 10 Transmit timing The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment With each transmission cycle 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 40 ms Transmission of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1 2 ms The delay time between the three transmission bursts is affected at random If a new wake up occurs before all sub telegrams have been sent the series of transmissions is stopped and a new series of telegrams with new valid measure ment values is transmitted 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 22 39 USER MANUAL STM 400 3 11 Energy consumption Green Smart Wireless enocean Typical Current Consumption of STM 400J during TX Charge needed for one measurement and transmit cycle 130 uC Charge needed for one measurement cycle without transmit 30 uC current for external sensor circuits not included Calculations are performed on the basis of electric charges because of the internal linear voltage regulator of the module Energy consumption varies with voltage of the energy storage while consumption of electric charge is constant From these values the following performance parameters have been calculated Wake cycle Transmit s interval
19. VDD and VDDLIM IOVDD GPIO supply voltage see also 0 1 7 3 6 V GND Ground connection 0 0 V VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 2 0 V VIND1 Voltage at RESET WAKEO 1 and every digital input 0 3 6 V pin except WXIDIO WXODIO VIND2 Voltage at WXIDIO WXODIO input pin 0 2 0 V 3 6 Power management and voltage regulators Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes Min Typ Max Units Voltage Regulators Ripple on VDD where 50 mV MEOS Min VDD VON UVDD Ultra Low Power supply 1 8 V RVDD RF supply 1 7 1 8 1 9 V DVDD Digital supply 1 7 1 8 1 9 V Voltage Limiter VLIM Limitation voltage 4 0 4 5 555 V ILIM Shunting current 50 mA Threshold Detector VON Turn on threshold 2 3 2 45 2 6 V Automatic shutdown if 1 85 1 94 2 1 V VOFF Turn off threshold WDD diene sello VO 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 14 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Voltage Limiter STM 400J provides a voltage limiter which limits the supply voltage VDD of STM 400 to a value VDDLIM which is slightly below the maximum VDD ratings by shunting of sufficient current Threshold detector STM 400J provides an ultra low power ON OFF threshold detector If VDD gt VON it turns on the ultra low power regulator UVDD the watchdog timer and the WAKE pins cir cuitry If VDD x VOFF it initiates the automatic shut down of STM 400 3 7 Charge control output CCO After start up STM 400J provides
20. ameter Value Bit 5 7 Address Control 000 Originator ID 24 bit no Destination ID 001 Originator ID 32 bit no Destination ID 010 Originator ID 32 bit Destination ID 32 bit 011 Originator ID 48 bit no Destination ID 100 reservedi01 reserved110 reserved 111 reserved Bit 4 Extended header available 0 No extended header 1 Extended header available Bit 0 3 Telegram type R ORG 0000 RPS telegram OxF6 0001 1BS telegram 0xD5 0010 4BS telegram 0xA5 0011 Smart Acknowledge Signal telegram 0xDO 0100 Variable length data telegram 0xD2 0101 Universal Teach In EEP based 0xD4 0110 Manufacturer Specific Communication 0xD1 0111 Secure telegram 0x30 1000 Secure telegram with encapsulation 0x31 1001 Secure Teach In telegram for switch 0x35 1010 Generic Profiles selective data 0xB3 1011 reserved 1100 reserved 1101 reserved 1110 reserved 1111 Extended Telegram type available 3 9 4 2 Extended Header The Extended Header field is 8 bit long and contains information about optional data size and repeater count The extended header will be added in a line powered device if neces sary In an ultra low power device it is not needed The following table provides the param eters for the extended header structure Parameter Value Bit 4 7 Repeater count 0 Original telegram 1 14 Telegram level repeated 15 Original telegram do not repeat this telegram Bit 0 3 Length of Optional data 0000 No opti
21. but once it is filled up it provides a large buffer for times where no energy is available e g at night in a solar powered sensor STM 400 provides a digital output CCO see also 3 7 which allows controlling the charging of these two storages At the beginning as long as the voltage is below the VON voltage only the small storage is filled Once the threshold is reached the CCO signal changes and the large storage is filled The short term storage capacitor C1 is usually in the range of 470 to 1000 pF For the long term storage we suggest a capacitor C2 with a capacity of 250mF Below an overview and the schematics of a charging circuitry is shown Charge switcher Overvoltage Ener ri ergy source protection e g solar panel STM 400 Undervoltage protection vooum PA r t CCO Short term storage Long term storage C2 This circuit is designed for an energy storage capacitor specified for 3 3 V e g PAS614L VL3 Please pay great attention to manufacturers handling and soldering procedures Solar Panel PMEG2010AEB i 100nF GND I 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 24 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J Charge switcher The charge switcher connects both short term storage and long term storage parallel to the energy source as soon as the STM 400J supply voltage reaches the typical VON threshold of 2 45 V Supp
22. day s applications have to be compliant with later versions of the Advanced protocol en suring an upwards compatibility New software applications or devices might require the definition of additional data This data can be transmitted in the Optional Data fields e g a sub telegram counter Thus backwards compatibility is secured 3 9 4 8 CRC The CRC field is 8 bit Each byte of Data_PL is used to calculate the CRC Length is not used The algorithm is described in 2 Chapter 7 3 3 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 20 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 9 5 Link Layer Data DATA DL 3 9 5 1 Link Layer Data DATA DL for Normal Operation Telegram content seen at programming interface of STM 400J or at DOLPHIN API RORG 0xA5 Telegram type ABS Data Byte1 3 3x8bit mode DATA BYTE3 Value of AD 2 analog input DATA BYTE2 Value of AD 1 analog input DATA BYTE1 Value of AD O0 analog input 1x8bit 1x6it 1x10bit mode DATA BYTE3 Value of AD 2 DATA BYTE2 Upper 2 bits of AD 0 and value of AD 1 DATA BYTE1 Lower 8 bits Value of AD 0 analog input DATA BYTE3 DATA BYTE2 DATA BYTE1 AD 2 AD 1 AD 0 716 5 Ja 3 2 1 Jo 5 4 3 2 1 Jo 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Jo DATA_BYTEO Digital input Status Bit 7 Bit O Reserved set to O DI_3 DI_2 DI_1 DI_O
23. elevant However it is important to connect IOVDD to a supply voltage as specified in O IOVDD ASEWMWNNSF gt PPTSPYPLPLD gt Y Loi ose cc PyEAmoooooooo Big 2 Bh ee n O 89 38 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 12 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 3 2 Analog and digital inputs Parameter Conditions Notes Min Typ Max Units Analog Input Mode Single ended 0 RVDD V Measurement range Internal reference RVDD 2 Input coupling DC Measurement bandwidth 62 5 kHz Single ended against 10 MO Input impedance GND 1 kHz x Single ended against 10 pF Input capacitance GND 1 kHz Effective measurement resolution 10 Bit 10 bit measurement Offset error 5 10 LSB Gain error 5 10 LSB INL 2 4 LSB DNL 0 5 1 LSB 8 bit measurement Offset error 1 2 LSB Gain error 1 2 LSB INL 0 5 1 LSB DNL 0 125 0 25 LSB Offset Error Describes the offset between the minimal possible code and code 0x00 Gain Error Describes the offset between maximum possible code and full scale e g Ox3FF for 10 bit measure ments Integral Non Linearity INL Describes the difference between the ideal characteristics and the real character istics Only values between minimum and maximum possible code are considered excluding offset error and gain error Differential Non Linearity DNL Measures the maximum deviation f
24. ge limit is required this device has to be replaced by a suitable voltage variant As soon as the voltage on D2 anode or the voltage detector input exceeds the selected threshold the voltage detector delivers a High level on its output con nected to the T1A emitter The T1A base is consequently lower polarized than its emitter and the transistor is turned off That means Q1 is turned off too the energy source is switched off and long term storage is protected The selected voltage detector must have a very low quiescent current in the operating range and an appropriate threshold voltage corresponding to the selected long term ener gy storage voltage e g threshold nominally 3 2 V for a 3 3 V capacitor If the selected threshold is too low e g 3 0 V a relatively high amount of energy corresponding to a use ful voltage difference of 0 3 V would be wasted If the nominal threshold is too high e g exactly 3 3 V not forgetting that this could reach 3 4 V as a result of additional manufac turer tolerances it could be critical for energy storage life expectation The S 1000C32 M5T1x voltage detector consequently looks like the best compromise here rated 3 2 V Undervoltage protection PAS capacitors should not be deep discharged to voltages below 1 5 V To avoid long term degradation of their capacity and lifetime an undervoltage protection block is added Undervoltage protection is also implemented through Q2 In normal operation when
25. hen be 0 1 mm larger than the pad dimensions of the module as specified in chapter 0 not relative to the above drawing Nevertheless an application and production specific test regarding the amount of soldering paste should be performed to find optimum parameters 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 35 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 9 Soldering information STM 400 has to be soldered according to IPC JEDEC J STD 020C standard Profile Feature Pb Free Assembly Average Ramp Up Rate TSmax to Tp 3 C second max Preheat Temperature Min TSmin 150 C Temperature Max TSmax Time fs to tSmax 200 C 60 180 seconds Time maintained above Temperature T 217 C Time t 60 150 seconds Peak Classification Temperature Tp 260 C Time within 5 C of actual Peak Temperature tp Ramp Down Rate 20 40 seconds 6 C second max Time 25 C to Peak Temperature 8 minutes max Note 1 All temperatures refer to topside of the package measured on the package body surface A D To Temperature Preheat 25 t 25 C to Peak Time gt IPC 020c 5 1 STM 400 shall be handled according to Moisture Sensitivity Level MSL4 which means a floor time of 72 h STM 400J may be soldered only once since one time is already con sumed at production of the module itself Once the dry
26. ink Layer Data DATA DL cecinere aa ann 21 3 9 5 1 Link Layer Data DATA DL for Normal Operation eeeeeeeeeee 21 3 9 5 2 Link Layer Data DATA DL for Teach in Telegrams eene 22 3 10 Transmit timing ie eee eterne dees nennt nera dees arx ge eave ner a RT Re x NTC RU KEEN A 22 3 11 Energy CONSUMPTION coco Gg KENA en 23 4 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ia aaa ajaga aab Na E a WE D a aaa BE a a nnns 24 4 1 How to connect an energy harvester and energy storage 24 4 2 Using the SCO Diy eese vive cave a wia NA a DA aa nk MERE LEE e 26 4 3 Using the WAKE Pins an KK n A KOK 26 4 4 Using RYDD suis eere a nee 28 4 5 Antenna options for STM 400 0 emen meme meses nnn nnn 29 4 5 1 OVEIVIEW sicci ti ai waga na eer eer vera ec acea e i en e oaa e i ian oa t e e a RA Rt 29 4 5 2 Whip antena iii cens anne a Gra ad 29 4 5 3 Helical Antenna sets cereo xx reor cxx abs 29 4 6 Positioning of the whip antenna ersersennennennennennnnennennnnn nun nun nun nun nun une n nennen nennen 30 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 3 39 USER MANUAL 4 7 Recommendations for laying a whip antenna 4 8 Layout recommendations for foot pattern 4 9 Soldering information 4 10 Tape amp Reel specification 4 11 Transmission range 2013 EnOcean www enocean com AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS 5 1 Japanese Type Approval Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page
27. m input data unique 32 bit sensor ID checksum will be transmitted in case of a change of any digital input value compared to the last sending or in case of a significant change of measured analogue values different input sensitivities can be selected In case of no relevant input change a redundant retransmission signal is sent after a user configur able number of wake ups to announce all current values In addition a wake up can be trig gered externally 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 5 39 USER MANUAL Features with built in firmware 3 A D converter inputs 4 digital inputs Wake up via Wake pins Voltage limiter Threshold detector storages Product variants m STM 400 Features accessible via API Green Smart Wireless enocean Configurable wake up and transmission cycle Application notes for calculation of energy budgets and management of external energy Using the Dolphin API library it is possible to write custom firmware for the module STM 400 is in system programmable The API provides Receiver functionality Up to 16 configurable I Os 10 bit ADC 8 bit DAC 2 2 Technical data Antenna Frequency Data rate Receiver Sensitivity at 25 C only via API Conducted Output Power 50 Ohm Power Supply Current Consumption Input Channels Radio Regulations Integrated 16 384MHz 8051 CPU with 64 kB FLASH and 4 kB SRAM Various power down and sleep mode
28. of a particular range that will be attainable by a certain application The following figures for expected transmission range may be used as a rough guide only Line of sight connections Typically 30 m range in corridors up to 100 m in halls Plasterboard walls dry wood Typically 30 m range through max 5 walls Line of sight connections Typically 30 m range in corridors up to 100 m in halls Ferroconcrete walls ceilings Typically 10 m range through max 1 ceiling Fire safety walls elevator shafts staircases and supply areas should be considered as screening The angle at which the transmitted signal hits the wall is very important The effective wall thickness and with it the signal attenuation varies according to this angle Signals should be transmitted as directly as possible through the wall Wall niches should be avoid ed Other factors restricting transmission range Switch mounted on metal surfaces up to 30 loss of transmission range Hollow lightweight walls filled with insulating wool on metal foil False ceilings with panels of metal or carbon fiber Lead glass or glass with metal coating steel furniture The distance between EnOcean receivers and other transmitting devices such as comput ers audio and video equipment that also emit high frequency signals should be at least 0 5 m A summarized application note to determine the transmission range within buildings is available as download from www enocean com
29. onal data field in frame Other Length of optional data field Bytes 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 19 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 9 4 3 Extended Telegram type The Extended Telegram type field is available if bits 0 3 in Header are all set If not the telegram type is specified in the header field and the extended telegram type field is not required The following table provides the parameters for the extended header structure Parameter 3 9 4 4 Originator ID The Originator ID field contains the module ID of the originator device If the telegram is repeated it still contains the originator ID and not the ID of the repeating device Due to the definition of the Address Control bits in the Header field the length of the Origi nator ID is 24 32 or 48 bit 3 9 4 5 Destination ID The Destination ID field is available dependent of the Address Control bits in the Header field It contains the module ID of the destination device Due to the definition of the Ad dress Control bits in the Header field the length of the Destination ID is 32 or 48 bit 3 9 4 6 Data DL The Data DL field contains the payload of the telegram 3 9 4 7 Optional Data The Optional Data field is available dependent of the Bits 0 3 in the Extended Header field the size is defined there as well For each telegram type the content and the length of Data DL may be different To
30. osing VDD then falls below VON the energy source will be switched back to short term storage alone for faster recharging As long as the voltage on long term storage remains below VON the charge switcher will continuously switch the energy source be tween short term and long term storage trying to ensure continuous device operation That is because of the higher resistance and capacitance of long term storage which would lead to much too long charging i e non operative time In addition short term storage cannot be charged over this threshold until the voltage on long term storage exceeds VON Charge switcher is the PMOS transistor Q1 driven from the STM 400J charge control output CCO over T1A To start with as long as the STM 400J VDD voltage is below the VON threshold only the small storage C1 is filled over D3 Once the threshold is reached the CCO control signal goes High T1B and Q2 are turned on and the long term storage C2 will be filled over Q2 Overvoltage protection All of these long term storage solutions have a rated operating voltage that must be not exceeded After reaching this limit the energy source is automatically separated from stor age to avoid any damage Overvoltage protection is implemented by the S 1000C32 M5T1x voltage detector from Seiko SII or the NCP300LSN30T1G series ON Semiconductor which limits the maximum charging voltage to 3 3 V to avoid damaging long term energy storage In case a different volta
31. pack bag is opened the desired quantity of units should be removed and the bag resealed within two hours If the bag is left open longer than 30 minutes the desiccant should be replaced with dry desiccant If devices have exceeded the specified floor life time of 72 h they may be baked according IPC JEDEC J STD 033B at max 90 C for less than 60 h Devices packaged in moisture proof packaging should be stored in ambient conditions not exceeding temperatures of 40 C or humidity levels of 90 r h STM 400J modules have to be soldered within 6 months after delivery 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 36 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 10 Tape amp Reel specification u c 2 M c v o 2 E gt 3 meosuring plone for Tape running direction 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 37 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 11 Transmission range The main factors that influence the system transmission range are type and location of the antennas of the receiver and the transmitter type of terrain and degree of obstruction of the link path sources of interference affecting the receiver and Dead spots caused by signal reflections from nearby conductive objects Since the expected transmission range strongly depends on this system conditions range tests should categorically be performed before notification
32. re also usable in Deep Sleep Mode or Flywheel Sleep Mode via API only Due to current minimization there is no internal pull up or pull down at the WAKE pins When STM 400 is in Deep Sleep Mode or Flywheel Sleep Mode via API only and the logic levels of WAKEO and or WAKE1 is changed STM 400 starts up sured by external circuitry that the WAKE pins are at a defined logic level at any time When using the UVDD regulator output as source for the logic HIGH of the WAKE pins it is strongly recommended to protect the ultra low power UVDD voltage regulator against accidental excessive loading by connection of an external 1 8 MQ series resistor As the there is no internal pull up or pull down at the WAKE pins it has to be en 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 26 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean GND GNOGND GND GND GND The figure above shows two examples how the WAKE inputs may be used When the LRN button is pressed WAKE1 is pulled to GND and a teach in telegram is transmitted As long as the button is pressed a small current is flowing from UVDD to GND WAKEO is connected to a toggle switch There is no continuous flow of current in either po sition of the switch If more digital inputs with WAKE functionality are needed in an application WAKEO can be combined with some of the digital inputs as shown below BUTTON1 m GND GND GND
33. rom the ideal step size of 1 LSB least significant bit Effective resolution Results from the signal noise ratio of the ADC and is given in Bit The number describes how many bits can be measured stable The criterion selected here is that the noise of DNL is lt 0 5 LSB Measurement Bandwidth The measurement bandwitdh is internally limited by filters A quasi static signal must be applied as long as the filter needs to settle SettlingTime 1 MeasurementBandwidth In 2 resolution Bit Parameter Conditions Notes Digital Input Mode 2 3 V Input HIGH voltage IOVDD 1 3 V Input LOW voltage IOVDD Pull up resistor IOVDD 1 7 1 9 V 90 132 200 kQ IOVDD 3 0 3 6 V 38 54 85 ko 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 13 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 4 Absolute maximum ratings non operating Symbol Parameter Min Max Units VDD 0 5 555 V VDDLIM Supply voltage at VDD and VDDLIM IOVDD GPIO supply voltage 0 5 3 6 V GND Ground connection 0 0 V VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 5 2 V VIND1 Voltage at RESET WAKEO 1 and every digital input 0 5 3 6 V pin except WXIDIO WXODIO VIND2 Voltage at WXIDIO WXODIO input pin 0 5 2 V 3 5 Maximum ratings operating Symbol Parameter Min Max Units VDD VOFF 5 0 V VDDLIM Supply voltage at
34. s down to typ 100nA current consumption External whip or 50 Q antenna mountable 928 35 MHz FSK 125 kbps typ 95 dBm typ 0 dBm 2 1 V 5 V 2 6 V needed for start up Deep Sleep mode typ 100 nA Transmit mode typ 22 mA Receive mode via API only typ 27 mA 4x digital input 2x WAKE input 3x analog input Resolution 3x 8 bit or 1x 10 bit 1x 8 bit 1x 6 bit ARIB STD T108 1 0 1 telegram error rate based on transmitted sub telegrams 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 6 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 2 3 Physical dimensions PCB dimensions 22x19 x 3 1 mm Weight 1 99 Unless otherwise specified dimensions are in mm Tolerances PCB outline dimensions 0 2 mm All other tolerances 0 1 mm STM 400J pads on bottom side of PCB 2 4 Environmental conditions Operating temperature 25 C 85 C Storage temperature 40 C 85 C Storage temperature in tape amp reel package 20 C 50 C Humidity 0 93 r h non condensing 2 5 Ordering Information Type Ordering Code Freguency STM 400 S3061 D400 928 35 MHz Suited solar cells for technical details please refer to the ECS3x0 data sheet Type Ordering Code Size ECS 300 S3005 D305 35 0 x 12 8 x 1 1 mm ECS 31
35. st 15 mm from all metal parts ground planes PCB strip lines and fast logic components e g micro processors Do not roll up or twist the whip antenna Radio frequency hash from the motherboard desensitizes the receiver Therefore m PCB strip lines on the user board should be designed as short as possible A PCB ground plane layer with sufficient ground vias is strongly recommended 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 30 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 7 Recommendations for laying a whip antenna Antenna too close to GND area Antenna end led back to foot point Antenna too close to GND area 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 31 39 USER MANUAL 4 8 A A Green Smart Wireless enocean Layout recommendations for foot pattern The length of lines connected to I Os should not exceed 5 cm It is recommended to have a complete GND layer in the application PCB at least in the area below the module and directly connected components e g mid layer of your application PCB Due to unisolated test points there are live signals accessible on the bottom side of the module Please follow the following advices to prevent interference with your application circuit m We suggest avoiding any copper structure in the area directly underneath the module top layer layout of your application PCB If this is not
36. the output signal of the threshold detector at CCO CCO is supplied by UVDD The output value remains stable also when STM 400 is in deep sleep mode Behaviour of CCO At power up TRISTATE until VDD gt VON then HIGH if VDD gt VON then HIGH if VDD lt VON then LOW if VDD lt VOFF then LOW or TRISTATE VDD VDD cco en VDD gt von 7 Sa VDD lt VON N d P d VON nun GN ee ee en VDD lt VOFF VOFF oy cscs TRISTATE e0 9vV rrr v en or LOW For definition of VON and VOFF please refer to O 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 15 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 8 Configuration 3 8 1 Configuration via pins The encoding input pins have to be left open or connected to GND in correspondence with the following connection schemes These settings are checked at every wake up Wake up cycle time CW O CW 1 Wake up cycle time NC NC 1s 20 GND NC 10 s 20 NC GND 100 s 20 GND GND No cyclic wake up Redundant retransmission Via CP 0 and CP 1 an internal counter is set which is decreased at every wake up signal Once the counter reaches zero the redundant retransmission signal is sent Number of wake ups that trigger a redundant retransmission NC NC Every timer wake up signal GND NC Every 7 14 timer wake up signal affected at random NC GND Every 70 140 timer wake up signal
37. tructure 3 9 1 Frame structure Data is transmitted in frames Each frame is preceded by a preamble for bit synchronization and the generation of the data slicing thresholds After this a synchronization word is transmitted to enable the receiver to synchronize to the data bytes The first byte transmitted after the synchronization word represents the number of the data bytes transmitted as data payload Preamble Synchronization Word Length Data_PL 3 9 2 Frame Parameters The following table provides the parameters for the frame structure Parameter Preamble 16 bit 0b1010101010101010 OxAAAA 1 Byte containing the number of data bytes Minimum Number of Data Bytes 3 9 3 Data Payload DATA PL Structure The following illustration shows the structure of the data payload content of the Data PL field Length Header Ext Ext Tele Originator Destination Data of Data Link Optional CRC Header gramtype ID ID Layer Data_DL Data Implementation platform Dolphin V4 will only support 59 Data PL bytes 2013 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 0 Page 18 39 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400J 3 9 4 Data Payload Parameters 3 9 4 1 Header Parameters The Header field is 8 bit long and contains information about ID Sizes availability of ex tended header and the telegram type The following table provides the parameters for the header structure Par
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