Designer Guide
Contents
1. oll BACK FLOW PREVENTER PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE INDIRECT DHW TANK ANTISCALD MIXING VALVE HOT WATER OUT _ DOMESTIC HOT WATER CIRCULATOR UNION TYPICAL i 4 TEMPERATURE PRESSURE COLD WATER IN GAUGE T FLOW CHECK VALVE TYPICAL A MAXIMUM OF 12 APART BOILER CIRCULATOR BOILER PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE The illustration is for concept only and should not be used for actual installation without engineering or technical advice from a licensed engineer All necessary system equipment may not be illustrated e Knight XL Boiler PAGE A2 MULTIPLE UNIT PRIMARY SECONDARY or SYSTEM BOILER PIPING AIR SEPARATOR DRAIN POINT j TYPICA SYSTEM SUPPLY SENSOR J dela SYSTEM CIRCULATOR MAKE UP WATER A IS BACK FLOW PREVENTER PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE PRESSURE GAUGE INDIRECT DHW TANK ANTI SCALD MIXING VALVE HOT WATER OUT DOMESTIC HOT WATER CIRCULATOR COLD WATER IN FLOW CHECK VALVE TYPICAL UMION TYPICAL TEMPERATURE PRESSURE GAUGE DRAIN BALL VALVE ge TYPICAL x a go oo oe aer e Sa HE BOILER CIRCULATOR TYPICAL BOILER 4 MEMBER 3 BOILER 3 MEMBER 2 BOILER 2 MEMBER 1 BOILER 1 LEADER PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE The illustration is for concept only and should not be used for actual installation without engineering or technical advice from a licensed engineer All necessary2. Each boiler is the standard M9 model that fires at 5 1 Turndown 21 Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler On a very cold winter day all three air handlers will call for heat and the two Knight XL will fire at 100 input rate to meet the demand On a comparatively cool autumn day only one 400 000 Btu hr air handler might be calling for heat The boilers connected together with their Smart System controls will fire only one boiler at its reduced input and output rate The minimum 20 input rate of a single Knight XL 701 is 140 000 Btu hr with an output of up to 137 200 Btu hr Well below the 400 000 Btu hr minimum system demand The Knight XL 701 will actually fire closer to 63 of its potential modulation rate to meet this minimum system demand The following table shows the maximum and minimum input and output rates for every Knight XL with all of the available Firing Codes Calculate the minimum load of your design to make sure the system demand or system volume will support minimum boiler output rate Maximum Input Maximum Output Minimum Input Minimum Output Model Number Rate Rate Rate Rate If the minimum Btu hr system demand is SMALLER than the boiler s minimum Btu hr output then there may be insufficient water volume If that is the case then a Buffer tank is your solution BUFFER TANK The buffer tank adds water volume to the system providing the volume needed to support the minimum output rate of the boiler if the minim
3. the gas air mixture is balanced to provide clean efficient combustion 15 igner s Guide Knight XL Boiler The Knight XL Boiler 400 801 has a 1 gas pipe connection Logically the gas pipe size from the meter to the boiler may be larger than the appliance connection MANUAL FHUTOFF VALVE FACTORY SUPPLIED GAS SUPPLY w DRIP LEG r UMON The table below lists the Minimum and Maximum Inlet Gas Pressures INLET GAS PRESSURE Model NATURAL GAS L P GAS Number Knight XL 400 801 l L P GAS MODELS Knight XL models are typically shipped ready to fire on natural gas If set to natural gas the Knight XL boiler may be easily field converted to L P gas by either an orifice change or a gas valve pressure adjustment See the Knight XL Installation and Operation manual for details GAS PRESSURE REGULATORS Lochinvar recommends the use of Lock Up Type gas pressure regulators on the system gas supply A Lock Up Type gas pressure regulator features a seat that seals the regulator orifice when the appliance is off and there is no demand for gas The seat will seal against the orifice shutting off the flow of gas to the appliance A standard regulator without a Lock Up mechanism will allow the system pressure to reach the boiler when it is off The system pressure can creep up pressing against the appliance gas train with excessive system pressures This can damage the components in th
4. BCMA PU HE CLUST TRO PL Cascade Previously noted up to eight boilers can be connected to one another and programmed for sequenced operation including Domestic Hot Water BMS Control with 0 10 vdc Input The Smart System control can be controlled by a Building Management System with a 0 10 Vdc signal The signal can control either the setpoint or the modulation directly It can control a single boiler but cannot control the Cascade of multiple boilers DHW Tank Sensor A sensor mounted in the Domestic Water Storage tank The Smart System will operate the DHW from this sensor 25 Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler System Supply Sensor A sensor to be mounted in the supply line of the primary system loop When the Smart System is programmed to operate off the outlet sensor default setting and the system supply sensor is connected it will control the firing rate based on this sensor This sensor should always be installed even when inlet temperature control is programmed for control Outdoor Air Reset with Outdoor Sensor A sensor mounted outside the building The Smart System control will adjust system temperature based on this sensor NSORS AND THE SENSOR LOCATIONSINTOY OUR BUILDING AND PIPING PLANS SMART SYSTEM OPERATIONAL FEATURES The following is a list of just a few of the many other operational features built in to the Smart System control For the complete list of features with more detailed explanations pl
5. Faul None ARHL C Clock 11 06 2008 6 12 37 2 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler Chapter 6 Other Details of Great mportance STANDARD CODES STANDARD CONSTRUCTION The Knight XL boiler is design certified to the latest edition of ANSI Z21 13 The third party certification was performed by CSA International and the boiler bears the American Blue Star emblem and the Canadian Blue Flame emblem The heat exchanger inside the boiler conforms to the latest edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IV and the vessel bears the ASME H Stamp The installation of a heating boiler is governed by local boiler codes The boiler shall be installed in accordance with those installation regulations and shall be carefully followed in all cases Authorities having jurisdiction shall be consulted before installations are made The local code may require a feature on the boiler above and beyond the ANSI requirements Check the list of factory installed options on page 33 Again some of these options are factory installed and must be specified on the original purchase order Review the local code especially in regard to the venting requirements In the absence of local codes U S installations shall conform to the latest edition of the National Fuel Gas Code ANSI Z223 1 In Canada the installation must comply with the Canadian Gas Association Code CAN CGA B149 1 and or B149 2 and or local co
6. Loop Flow Rate 19 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler LOW SYSTEM FLOW RATE The use of System Boiler Loop piping is used to separate the higher system flow rate from the lower boiler flow rate But what about low system water flow Doesn t the System Boiler Loop piping protect the boiler during low system flow Not if the system flow rate drops below the flow rate chosen for the Boiler loop Here s what happens The boiler flow rate will backfeed down the System line and recirculate taking the path of least resistance This means the boiler is recirculating already heated water in a very small volume We mention this because this dynamic is occurring more and more often as we see Variable Speed pumps and 3 way valves used in System Loop piping The principle of the variable speed pump or 3 way valve is to increase or decrease flow rates through the System Loop as building demand changes Good for the system but not always so good for the boiler If the system s flow rate is not 25 greater than the boiler flow rate it is highly recommend you use a Buffer tank BUFFER TANK A buffer tank solves this problem The buffer tank adds water volume at the point where the System Loop and the Boiler Loop meet Classic System Boiler Loop piping isolates the flow rates well but a Buffer tank will isolate the flow rates completely and add water volume to provide a strong decoupler for the boiler Refer to Lochinvar s Buffer Ta
7. system equipment may not be illustrated Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler Appendix B Technical Data and Boiler Component Breakdown High Efficiency Water Heaters Boilers and Pool Heaters 5 Guide Knight XL Boiler Knight XL the components the design 1 Stainless steel heat exchanger System water flows through specially designed coils for maximum heat transfer while providing protection against flue gas corrosion The coils are encased in a jacket that contains the combustion process 2 Heat exchanger access cover Allows access to the combustion side of the heat exchanger coils 3 Blower The blower pulls in air and gas through the venturi item 5 Air and gas mix inside the blower and are pushed into the burner where they burn inside the combustion chamber 4 Gas valve The gas valve senses the negative pressure created by the blower allowing gas to flow only if the gas valve is powered and combustion air is flowing 5 Venturi The venturi controls air and gas flow into the burner 6 Flue gas sensor This sensor monitors the flue gas exit temperature The control module will modulate and shut down the boiler if the flue gas temperature gets too hot This protects the flue pipe from overheating 7 Boiler outlet temperature sensor This sensor monitors boiler outlet water temperature system supply If selected as the controlling sensor the control module adjusts boiler firing rate so
8. 2 PEE y rn E E j j E Il 4 Le laa i Mi LI Lal i nl a A __ ie Jesigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler Electricity Controls ccssccssscessesssesneeseeesseeaas Page 23 Other Detalls urca Page 28 Appendix A ita Page 31 APPENADbeB iii Page 34 igner s Guide Knight XL Boiler At Lochinvar we know that designing a boiler is hard work Designing a boiler system is no picnic either Demands for greater efficiency and elaborate system control have made systems more complex This designers guide will break down the system requirements that match the Knight XL boiler to assure safe operation highly efficient heating and long life There are five major elements of boiler svstem design Venting See page 2 Combustion Air Venting See page 12 Gas Electricity wil amp See page 15 L Controls Water See page 17 W Electricity amp Controls See page 23 Plus many other important details Locations Available Options See page 29 for Location of Unit See page 30 for Options High Altitude Requirements Suggested Piping Diagram See page 30 for High Altitude Applications See page 31 Appendix Section A r s Guide Knight XL Boiler Chapter 1 Venting Venting is often the most difficult design element for the installation of a gas fired appliance but not with the Knight XL The designs are
9. Daisy chain any one boiler in the group is chosen as the Leader The other boilers operate as Members The Leader boiler makes the decision on which boiler is firing and at what rate to meet the demand Each day a different boiler is assigned the role as first in the firing sequence This built in Lead Lag feature distributes even usage over the life of the boilers The Cascade function also operates with Outdoor Reset to increase system temperature as the outside temperature decreases Built in Cascade of up to eight boilers HIGH VOLTAGE TERMINAL STRIP AND PUMP CONTROL If the Smart System control is going to control up to eight boilers with Cascade or operate from a BMS signal it is only reasonable for the Smart System control to operate the circulator pumps All three are wired through the High Voltage Terminal strip All three pumps are field supplied The terminal strip is rated for 120 volt 1 5 HP or 240 volt 3 HP pumps or 30 amps maximum For larger horse power pumps plan to insert a switching relay or contactor to decouple the pump from the terminal strip contacts Boiler Pump Control The Smart System control will activate and deactivate the pump for each System Heating call for heat Intermittent pump operation 30 second pump delay programmable range 0 minutes to 40 minutes System Pump Control The Smart System control will activate and deactivate the pump for each System Heating call for heat Intermittent pump op
10. F 35 C rise 2 All voltage wire exterior to the appliance must be enclosed in approved conduit or approved metal clad cable 3 The appliance must be provided with proper overload protection AMP DRAW DATA Btu Hr Blowers amp Pump Total Amps E cin a lt a ETA a VAC KB N L 400 400 ME 5 SMART SYSTEM CONTROLS The Knight XL features the Smart System control The Smart System control is designed to operate all the various elements of a hydronic heating system plus Domestic Hot Water The Smart System control can operate the boiler pump the system pump and the DHW pump It has outdoor reset as standard equipment But its best feature is Cascade the organized control of up to eight separate boilers The Smart System control is designed to provide many of the operating features of a remote Building Management System thereby eliminating one more expensive component in your system design BUILDING MANANGEMENT SYSTEM CONTROL For systems with more than eight Knight XL boilers or for systems with existing Building Management Systems the Knight XL boiler is programmed to operate via a remote signal A 0 10 Vdc input signal will control the boilers The signal can be programmed to call the boilers to fire on a range of modulation or on a temperature range emm 23 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler CASCADE The Cascade feature in the Smart System control will operate up to eight boilers Connected with 2 wire
11. Kent Ka Up to 94 6 THERMAL EFFICIENCY gt gt T N www Lochinvar com High Efficiency Water Heaters Boilers and Pool Heaters N Dear Design Build Contractor Project Manager Design Engineer At Lochinvar we have long recognized the importance of innovation to any product or service Those who share in this business also face the challenge of meeting constantly changing needs and energy efficiency demands The designers guide you are now holding has been designed to make it more convenient for you to select the perfect Lochinvar boiler for your projects and provide correct specifications for your teams All information has been organized and presented in a succinct easy to use manner so you can use and share information confidently and with minimal effort However it is important to remember that this guide is not intended to replace our installation manual Installers should refer to our installation manual for specific installation instructions and more detail This guide will make regular reference to other documents like the Installation amp Operation Manual that are available on the Lochinvar website www Lochinvar com We hope this manual will make your work easier and more productive Thanks again for specifying the Lochinvar family of quality standard and custom built water heaters and boilers Sincerely t Loc High Efficiency Water Heaters Boilers and Pool Heaters a 3 a m En
12. changer coils 18 Air intake adapter Allows for the connection of the air intake pipe to the boiler 19 High voltage junction box The junction box contains the connection points for the line voltage power and all pumps 38 s Guide Knight XL Boiler 20 Boiler drain port Location from which the heat exchanger can be drained 21 Low voltage connection board The connection board is used to connect external low voltage devices 22 Low voltage wiring connections knockouts Conduit connection points for the low voltage connection board 23 Condensate drain connection Connects the condensate drain line to a 1 2 PVC union 24 Access cover front Provides access to the gas train and the heat exchanger 25 Ignition electrode Provides direct spark for igniting the burner 26 Flame inspection window The quartz glass window provides a view of the burner surface and flame 27 Gas shutoff valve Manual valve used to isolate the gas valve from the gas supply 28 High limit Device that monitors the outlet water temperature If the temperature exceeds its setting it will break the control circuit shutting the boiler down 29 Relief valve Protects the heat exchanger from an over pressure condition The relief valve will be set at 50 PSI 30 Flame sensor Used by the control module to detect the presence of burner flame 31 Line voltage wiring connections knockouts Conduit connection points for the high voltage ju
13. ck e All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e The concentric vent kit will be provided by Lochinvar All other vent material will be obtained locally e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake 30 Feet 9 m ririt FOR CAMADA APA LE AME CIMA ETICA AI HOCK EHTE FLAS PELE SUPPLIES r s Guide Knight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT VERTICAL CATEGORY IV VENTING PVC CPVC WITH TWO PIPE TERMINATION The exhaust piping terminates through the rooftop The combustion air piping terminates through the rooftop BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e All the vent material for this configuration will be obtained locally including the terminations e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake ALTERNATE INTAKE LOCATIONS INTAKE PIPES MAY BE LOCATED ANYWHERE WITHIN 24 OF VENT PIPE BIRD SCREEN TYPICAL COUPLING FIELD SUPPLIED E MINIMUM ABOVE ROOF AS A SNOW LINE VENT GUTLE 1 12 MINIMUM ABOVE AIR INLET s Guide Knight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT VERTICAL CATEGORY IV VENTING STAINLESS STEEL WITH TWO PIPE TERMINATION The exhaust piping terminates on the rooftop The combustion air piping t
14. des i i TA Le A JE RTUFIE a Aa i A CSA International CSA International ASME Section IV Blue Star for United States Blue Flame for Canada H stamp for Boilers OPTIONAL CODES ADDITIONAL CONSTRUCTION Many local authorities require the boiler installation conform to CSD 1 the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Safety Code for Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically Fired Boilers CSD 1 is subject to different interpretation by different boiler inspection offices The Knight XL boiler must be factory trimmed to meet CSD 1 code to your specifications Factory Mutual is a popular insurance code and the Knight XL boiler must be factory trimmed to meet Factory Mutual The well known Industrial Risk Insurers code has been purchased by General Electric Company and replaced with their own GE Gap code For boilers under 2 000 000 Btu hr both Factory Mutual and GE Gap are met by being configured for CSD 1 The Knight XL boiler must be factory trimmed to meet Factory Mutual or GE Gap STATE CODES ADDITIONAL CONSTRUCTION All states have their own boiler installation code but some states have codes that require special equipment on the boiler itself For example California Massachusetts Minnesota and Kentucky have state codes that require additions to Lochinvar products Check with your local Lochinvar sales office or Lochinvar Customer Service for details ls 28 signer s Guide Knight XL B
15. e gas train OF GAS Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler Chapter 4 Water We are no longer designing the gigantic lumbering gravity feed boiler systems of our grandfathers Buildings are bigger and more complex Energy efficiency and green building demands have requirements for precise flow for targeted temperatures for low water volume and more They also demand a water piping system that will not only meet the demands of the building but also not damage the boiler IMPORTANT BULLET POINTS FOR WATER PIPING Water Connections Knight 400 501 models have 1 Y NPT and Knight 601 801 models have 2 NPT threaded pipe inlet and outlet connections Installed piping to the boiler must match the 1 or 2 diameter minimum 2 Working Pressure The boiler should not be operated at less than 12 PSIG 3 Minimum amp Maximum Water Temperatures The minimum inlet water temperature entering the boiler is 0 F 18 C with untreaded water less with a glycol mix The maximum outlet water temperature leaving the boiler is 195 F 91 C 4 Flow Rate The boiler works best with a constant flow rate through the heat exchanger However recent changes to the SMART SYSTEM control allow the use of variable flow pumps 5 Unions and Ball Valves The water piping to the boiler should have unions and ball valves at the inlet and outlet of the boiler to isolate the boiler for service Use only full port ball valves There are th
16. ealed gastight and may not be common vented e All the vent material for this configuration are obtained locally including the terminations e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake GALVAMNGEC THIEL Fra Se A a er SIDEWALL TEAMMATION PLATE A F BIRD SCREEN Pal Pal LLL 7 BIO SCREEN Knight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT SIDEWALL CATEGORY IV VENTING STAINLESS STEEL WITH TWO PIPE TERMINATION The exhaust piping terminates out the sidewall The combustion air piping terminates out the sidewall BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e The stainless steel vent and air intake terminations are provided by Lochinvar and all other vent material for this configuration will be obtained locally e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake Model KitNumber KB N L 400 601 KIT3136 KB N L 701 801 KIT3137 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT VERTICAL CATEGORY IV VENTING PVC CPVC WITH CONCENTRIC VENT KIT 400 601 ONLY The exhaust piping terminates through the rooftop The combustion air piping terminates through the rooftop BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing sta
17. er head loss at various temperature rises for each model based on Btu hr input Pipe diameter and length are critical to ensure proper flow through the boiler The values listed on the table are based on 20 feet of piping 4 90 elbows and 2 full port ball valves CIRCULATOR PUMP SPECIFICATIONS 1 Maximum operating pressure for the pump must exceed system operating pressure 2 Maximum water temperature should not exceed the nameplate rating 3 Cast iron circulators may be used in closed loop systems ls 18 Pressure Drop Feet of Head esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler O fF a d dB BOILER TEMPERATURE RISE CHART Model xi Minimum Pipe Size 11 S _KB N L 400 112 37 21 30 14 26 11 21 8 kemeo 2r 55 31 44 22 38 18 32 13 KB N L 801 2 74 33 60 23 51 18 42 Pressure Drop vs Flow Includes Boiler Secondary Piping 5 10 15 rl Fas B na sli a5 Flow Rate GPM WATER FLOW Pressure Drop vs Flow Includes Boiler Secondary Piping ay A af a Di id mr Pressure Drop Feet of Head Lm z D 10 oul a 40 50 i TO BO Era Flow Rate GPM We have one note of caution for you regarding water flow That is this Is the minimum planned flow rate for the system loop below that of the planned flow rate through the boiler In a Primary Secondary Piping System the lowest potential System Loop Flow Rate MUST be 25 greater than the Boiler
18. eration 30 second pump delay programmable range 0 minutes to 40 minutes DHW Pump Control The Smart System control will activate and deactivate the pump for each DHW call for heat Intermittent pump operation 30 second pump delay programmable range 0 minutes to 40 minutes Alarm on Any Failure Contacts Should the Smart System control detect a fault it will send an alarm signal through these dry contacts to a remote control board or activate an alarm bell Run Time Contacts The Smart System control will make these dry contacts for the duration of the Main Burner ls 24 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler LOW VOLTAGE TERMINAL BOARD Every Knight XL is equipped with a Low Voltage Terminal Board for a variety of other field connections and control features Remote Enable Disable Wired through the Low Voltage Terminal Strip the Smart System control can be activated by a remote thermostat or controlled with an enable disable signal DHW Mode via Sensor or Thermostat The Smart System control will operate the DHW based on a signal from a tank sensor with a resistance signal or a tank thermostat with an enable disable signal PRAI TO ae BR a a Aee di N PHEVIOUS A us E 1 o 0 de dI E B hex Aca FR Li ne A i it y WEER MELO DO DI SELD E TANK SENSOR E D curocor season SSS Sr STE SPSL Y SENSOR LOUTER RELAY LERNER DREI Shc se FLW SWITCH P TANK THERAMIATAT A TECON
19. erminates through the rooftop BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e All the vent material for this configuration will be obtained locally including the terminations e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake INTAKE PIPES MAYBE ONT LOCATED ANYWHERE WITHIN 24 OF VENT PIPE BERT 5 MINIMUM ABOVE ROOF SNOW LINE VENT QUTLET 36 MINIMUM ABOVE AIR INLET 10 s Guide Knight XL Boiler ROOFTOP VENT WITH ROOM AIR OR SIDEWALL AIR CATEGORY IV PVC CPVC OR STAINLESS STEEL VENT WITH AIR FROM THE EQUIPMENT ROOM OR FROM DIFFERENT PRESSURE ZONES The exhaust piping terminates on the rooftop The combustion air IS drawn from the equipment room or froma sidewall termination a S BULLET POINTS a _ This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented All the vent material for this configuration will be obtained locally including the terminations Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent Stainless Steel J OPTIONAL ROOM x A TPR HIE gt AIR REMEMBER TO ORDER KIT 30022 OPTIONAL AIR FILTER BOX Designer s Guide Knig
20. es the efficiency rating is high up to 98 As the return water temperature rises the heat transfer from the flue products is reduced and efficiency drops 20 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler Knight Efficiency w Efficiency BO O DO Lea 100 100 110 115 120 13 130 5 140 146 150 10G 160 Return Water Temperature based on a 25 degres Delta T 2 100 Firing Rate SHC E TULA ee Hi o A The maximum water temperature is always a warning Do not exceed the maximum outlet water temperature Again the maximum allowable outlet water temperature is 195 F By exceeding this value the heat exchanger coils may overheat and be damaged WATER VOLUME The idea is to keep an amount of water in the system to support the heating capacity of the boiler during the lowest possible demand What isthe minimum Btu hr system demand The minimum system demand must be GREATER than the minimum boiler output The standard model Knight XL M9 boiler has a 5 1 Turndown ratio Or a minimum Btu hr output rate down to 20 of the heater s total output rate That will increase our chances of the boiler s Btu hr output rate being below the system demand Example Imagine an installation consisting of three air handlers with 400 000 Btu hr rated heating coils for a total demand of 1 200 000 Btu hr system demand The system is heated by two Knight XL 700 boilers for a total input of 1 400 000 Btu hr and total output of up to 1 176 000 Btu hr
21. es are provided by Lochinvar as standard equipment and all other vent material for this configuration will be obtained locally e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake VENI PIPING di F J VENT AIR TERMINA TION Pt l PLATE Pai Wi A e Pe TRANSITION GALVANIZED THIMGLE esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT SIDEWALL CATEGORY IV VENTING PVC CPVC WITH CONCENTRIC VENT KITS 399 600 ONLY The exhaust piping terminates out the sidewall The combustion air piping terminates out the sidewall BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e Al joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e The concentric vent termination is provided by Lochinvar and all other vent material are obtained locally e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of vent e Maximum distance 100 equivalent feet of air intake Model KitNumber Equivalent vent length _ STRAP FIELD SUPPLIED ELADAN FIELD SUPPLIED COMBUSTION AIR OBL TION AIR ight XL Boiler DIRECT VENT SIDEWALL CATEGORY IV VENTING PVC CPVC WITH TWO PIPE TERMINATION The exhaust piping terminates out the sidewall The combustion air piping terminates out the sidewall BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e All joints and seams must be s
22. ht XL Boiler Chapter 2 Combustion and Ventil ation Air Everybody s gotta breathe Even boilers need air Air seems easy enough You stand in the equipment room and you breathe comfortably don t you Open a door Open a window This is a big room There s lots of air in here for the boiler Right The average person inhales 400 to 500 cubic feet of air in a 24 hour period A one million Btu hr boiler will draw 226 38 cubic feet of air every MINUTE A 20 by 20 by 8 foot equipment room holds 3200 cubic feet of air That s a volume of air to last you or me over six days A half million Btu hr Knight XL will consume 6400 cubic feet of air in 28 minutes Therefore a good easy flow of clean air is 100 necessary for clean efficient combustion With the Knight XL boiler we expect the two pipe system illustrated in Chapter 1 will be the most popular design used in the field However the last two offerings in the venting chapter allowed for the combustion air to be drawn into the appliance from the equipment room This chapter explains the methods to ventilate the equipment room to meet the combustion requirements of the Knight XL This chapter lists several techniques to size the air openings that will deliver room air If there are other appliances in the room requiring air their air requirements must be including when sizing the air openings Provisions for combustion and ventilation air must be designed and installed in accordance
23. inless Steel pipe You cannot use PVC The logical reason is vent pipe temperatures will be higher in a tight poorly ventilated closet esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler Another example some local codes do not allow the use of PVC or CPVC for venting flue products In some areas local code demands the use of Stainless Steel vent material AIR INTAKE MATERIAL With air intake material you have a wider choice PVC CPVC and ABS are allowed Steel pipe galvanized or stainless with all joints and seams sealed gas tight Type B double wall vent material with all joints and seams sealed gas tight With horizontal applications only you may even use Dryer Vent or Sealed Flex Duct Again you can choose whatever but we remind you of several points ABS is acceptable for the air intake pipe but not for venting ABS has been used in the past for venting In some areas local codes have been passed that disallow the use of ABS for venting Notice the regular reference to sealing the joints and seams Whatever air intake material is used the piping MUST be sealed air tight or gas tight This is also a requirement of the vent piping But that is logical It s a positive pressure stack carrying flue products so it must be sealed from leaks People often wonder why we ask to seal the air intake pipe It s to keep a balance of pressure between the air pipe and the vent pipe A balance that helps the Knight XL breathe easier The use of d
24. itches with Manual Reset Factory Installation Only The switches are mounted inside the appliance The High Gas Switch will interrupt the call for heat should high gas pressure be sensed in the gas line The Low Gas Switch will interrupt the call for heat if the gas pressure supplied to the appliance is too low to achieve a safe burner flame Both switches require manual reset to restart the appliance High and Low Gas Pressure Switches with Manual Reset are part of the Factory Mutual GE Gap or CSD1 option packages Low Water Cut Off Probe Type with Manual Reset Field Installation Kit KIT3057 The electronic board is mounted in the control panel with a sensing probe mounted in the top header of the heat exchanger The LWCO is set to interrupt the call for heat if a low water condition is sensed The LWCO requires manual reset to restart the appliance This is offered for many local codes that do not accept the standard equipped flow switch as a low water cut off device Check with local code authorities for acceptance of the standard flow switch as a low water cut off device 30 Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler Appendix A Boiler Piping Diagrams night XL Boiler PAGE A1 PRIMARY SECONDARY or SYSTEM BOILER PIPING e cy AIR SEPARATOR A DRAIN POINT TYPICAL BALL VALVE SYSTEM SUPPLY SENSOR TYPICAL MOT TO EXCEED 4 PIPE DIAMETERS OR SYSTEM CIRCULATOR PRESSURE GAUGE EXPANSION TANK ee on
25. kW This opening must be located within 12 30 cm of the bottom of the enclosure b Ventilation air opening with a minimum free area of one square inch per 4000 Btu hr input 5 5 cm per kW This opening must be located within 12 30 cm of the top of the enclosure 2 COMBUSTION AIR THROUGH DUCTS If combustion and ventilation air is taken from the outdoors using a duct to deliver the air to the equipment room each of the two openings should be sized based on a minimum free area of one square inch per 2000 Btu hr 11 cm per kW of input The combustion air duct must be located within 12 30 cm of the bottom of the enclosure and the ventilation duct must be located must be located within 12 30 cm of the top of the enclosure 3 COMBUSTION AIR FROM INTERIOR SPACE If air is taken from another interior space each of the two openings specified above should have a net free area of one square inch for each 1000 Btu hr 22 cm per kW of input but not less than 100 square inches 645 cm The combustion air opening must be located within 12 30 cm of the bottom of the enclosure and the ventilation opening must be located must be located within 12 30 cm of the top of the enclosure 13 s Guide Knight XL Boiler 4 DIRECT OUTSIDE AIR SINGLE OPENING If a single combustion air opening is provided to bring combustion air in directly from the outdoors the opening must be sized based on a mini
26. mum free area of one square inch per 3000 Btu hr 7 cm per kW This opening must be located within 12 30 cm of the top of the enclosure HE KOMBU SLION AIR MUST BE FREE OF ANY CONTAMINANTS OR CHEMICAL FUMES SA ANTS AND SOLVENTS INTRODUCED INTO THE COMBUSTION PROCESS WI LL RESULT IN THAT WILL DAMAGE THE APPLIANCE AND THE VENT COMBUSTION AIR FILTER The Knight XL has an optional air filter box Located IONAL RIGORI i Ng i 3 OT on the left side over the combustion air inlet the air a AIR FILTER BOX filter is installed to help ensure clean air is used for the combustion process The optional air filter box kit is part number KIT40002 The filter size is 12 x 12 x 1 40 6 cm x 30 4 cm x 2 5 cm You can find these commercially available filters at any home center or plumbing supply store 14 Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler Chapter 3 Gas Suppl y Lochinvar products are designed with the concept of flame control We develop combustion systems that tightly control the flow of air and gas to deliver a clean and efficient burn In Chapters 1 and 2 we showed the various methods to deliver an ample quantity of air to the appliance In Chapter 3 we discuss delivering a steady and reliable supply of gas to the appliance The key to the gas supply is sizing the gas line properly The Knight XL will require less than a half a pound of pressure The following Sizing Chart is based on less than pou
27. nction box 32 Top panel Removable panel to gain access to the internal components 33 Power switch Turns 120 VAC ON OFF to the boiler 34 Leveling legs Used to allow the heat exchanger to be leveled This is needed for the proper draining of the condensate from the combustion chamber 35 Air shroud Model 501 only The air shroud controls air and gas flow into the burner 36 Air pressure switch The air pressure switch detects blocked flue vent conditions 37 Pump relay board The pump relay board is used to connect the boiler system and DHW pumps 39 Model 400 Front View Model 400 Left Side inside view Model 400 Right Side inside view Ss 40 s Guide Knight XL Boiler Model 501 Rear View Model 601 801 Rear View Model 601 801 Right Side Inside View 41 er s Guide Knight XL Boller Go to www lochinvar com for more information on all Lochinvar products This is a screen shot of the Knight XL webpage From the home page click the Products button on the top tool bar From the menu on the Products page click Boilers then on the Boilers page click Commercial Boilers Finally click on Knight XL In this Knight XL webpage you will be able to download the Installation Manual the Service Manual the Knight XL Brochure Piping Diagrams Plan View Drawings and much more Lothar Prodhacts Knight XL product line Microsoft interne Explorer pr
28. nd of pressure or less than 14 inches of pressure The table is derived from the ANSI Z223 1 the National Fuel Gas Code Simply calculate the total linear feet of straight gas pipe Figure each elbow as equal to five straight feet of pipe Working down the column that matches your pipe length find the value GREATER THAN the total Btu hr input of the boiler or boilers This will identify the minimum nominal iron pipe size GAS PIPE SIZING CHART Nominal lron Length of Pipe in Straight Feet Pipe Size 10 20 30 40 so 60 70 80 so 100 125 150 175 200 11 2 2 150 1 500 1 210 1020 923 830 769 707 666 636 564 513 472 441 974 The Knight XL features a Negative Regulation or Neg Reg gas combustion system The gas is introduced upstream of the combustion blower As the blower draws air in the negative pressure on the inlet of the blower pulls the gas from the gas valve The gas air mixture is pushed through the blower into the burner The gas air mixture filters through the micro metal burner mesh and is ignited by the Spark Igniter On full fire a crisp blue flame rises off the surface of the burner As demand decreases the operating control reduces the blower speed The flame is reduced and it touches the burner surface The micro metal fiber burner material is designed to burn infra red safely without being damaged by direct contact of the flame Even at this reduced Btu hr input
29. nk Air Eliminator product brochure for a tank selection chart or visit the Lochinvar website for a fully automated tank sizing program WATER TEMPERATURE Here are two easy questions What isthe minimum return water temperature from the System Loop What isthe maximum outlet water temperature needed for the System Loop The minimum return water temperature to the Knight XL boiler is 50 F 10 C The maximum outlet water temperature from the Knight XL boiler is 195 F 91 C Reason we ask The Knight XL is a condensing boiler And like all condensing boilers you get your highest thermal efficiency with a low return water temperature With non condensing appliances the minimum water temperature is a warning of detrimental operation With a condensing boiler the minimum water temperature is an invitation to high efficiency A condensing boiler extracts heat from two sources the flame and the flue products One portion of the heat exchanger is in direct contact with the flame and will transfer its heat into the water After combustion is completed the flue products make their way out of the combustion chamber On the way out the flue products will pass over a second coil and the heat from the flue products is transferred into the water in the second coil The cooler the water the more heat is transferred Therefore cooler inlet water means higher efficiency See the chart on the following page With low return water temperatur
30. nt Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler CONDENSATE TRAP The Knight XL is fitted with a condensate trap to be field mounted onto the appliance The trap is a requirement of the ANSI standard for any Category IV vented appliance with condensation forming in the stack If local code requires condensate neutralization please order KIT3046 Neutralization Kit HIGH ALTITUDE APPLICATIONS Atmospheric pressure decreases as the height above sea level increases At any altitude above sea level a cubic foot contains less gas than a cubic foot at sea level Thus the heating value of a cubic foot of fuel gas will decrease as height above sea level increases Therefore a recalculation of heat input rate should be performed on any appliance beginning at 2000 feet Ratings should be reduced at the rate of 4 percent for each 1000 feet above sea level e m Important HE KNIGHT XL BOILER MUST BE FACTORY TRIMMED FOR INSTALLATIONS ABOVE 4500 FEET OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT Lochinvar provides the following selection of optional equipment to meet your building requirements Alarm Bell Field Installation Kit KIT3085 Installed onto the back of the appliance and wired to the Alarm on Any Failure contacts It will sound on any failure A silencing switch is provided Alarm on Any Failure contacts are standard on every Knight XL boiler for connection to a remote alarm bell or Building Management System High amp Low Gas Pressure Sw
31. oiler DETERMINE THE UNIT LOCATION 1 Locate the appliance so that if water connections should leak water damage will not occur When such locations cannot be avoided it is recommended that a suitable drain pan adequately drained be installed under the unit The pan must not restrict combustion airflow Under no circumstances is the manufacturer to be held responsible for water damage in connection with this unit or any of its components Ze DO NOT install this appliance in any location where gasoline or flammable vapors are likely to be present 3 The appliance must be installed on a level floor Combustible floor locations may be used Maintain required clearances from combustible surfaces 4 The appliance must be installed indoors where it is protected from exposure to wind rain and weather 5 This appliance may condense the products of combustion if operated at water temperatures below 140 F 60 C Ensure that the appliance is located near an acceptable drain where condensate that may form in the venting system can be properly collected and disposed 6 Access to the rear of the appliance MUST be maintained 1 MINIMUM CLEARANCE T AROUND HOT WATER PIPES AND VENT PIPE _ VENTILATING AIR OPENING 7 CLOSED DOOR _ VENTILATING AIR OPENING pr a i 2 1 pe ar rif pa e Seo RIGHT ar AREA OF EACH Ci PER hi i 150 INCH PER 1000 ETU PER HOUR INPUT WITH A MINIMUM OF 100 4 HOHES Fro
32. om the boiler flow rate AIR SEPARATOR DRAIN POINT TYFPICALI i HALL ALE ST SD EM SUPPLY E Ma H i TYPICAL o A ae gt NOT TO EXCEED 4 PIPE DIAMETERS OR a CIRALA AA S A MAXIMUM GF 12 APART a PRESSURE GALGE hi ar la Y a a e EXPANSION TANK o a anh E S Er ET GLEA CIRCULATOR eat viali 2 a P a z ni sil CA we TAB A OENE FUCK FLAA PREVENTER PRESSURE REDUCING 1 VALVE INDIRECT MHA TANK ANTLSCALD MIXING VALVE HOT WATER OUT DOMESTIK HOT WATER CIRCULATOR Fa l UNION TYPICAL le BOILER Pa niera TEMPERATURE PRESSURE J PRESSURE RELIEF WALWE PLOW CHECK DRAIN VALVE TYPICAL The System Loop will have its own dedicated System Circulator This circulator will circulate throughout the building The Boiler Loop will have its own dedicated Boiler Circulator This circulator will pull from the system to flow into and out of the boiler The Boiler circulator is field supplied and must be sized for the head loss of the boiler and related pipe and fittings in the Boiler Loop only BOILER CIRCULATOR REQUIREMENTS Again there will be a minimum of two pumps in a System Boiler Loop Both pumps are provided by the installer The boiler pump must be sized to provide adequate flow through the boiler and the Boiler Loop piping A Boiler Temperature Rise Chart is provided to assist in proper pump selection This table provides GPM and boil
33. ouble wall B Vent or insulated material for the combustion air intake pipe is recommended in cold climates to prevent the condensation of moisture VENT LENGTHS The minimum length for the combustion air intake piping is 12 equivalent feet The minimum length for the exhaust is 12 equivalent feet The maximum length for the combustion air intake piping is 100 equivalent feet The maximum length for the exhaust is 100 equivalent feet When determining equivalent length add 5 feet for each 90 elbow and 3 feet for each 45 elbow VENT amp AIR INTAKE DIAMETERS Knight XL 400 501 601 4 vent and 4 air intake pipe Knight XL 701 801 6 vent and 4 air intake pipe The total lengths of each pipe must be these listed diameters Increasing or decreasing the vent or combustion air piping is not authorized Part 2 Vent Air Intake Configurations In the following pages we will look at each vent air configuration For more details and installation requirements please review the Knight XL Installation and Operation manual DIRECT VENT SIDEWALL CATEGORY IV VENTING PVC CPVC WITH VENT AIR TERMINATION PLATE The exhaust piping terminates out the sidewall The combustion air piping terminates out the sidewall BULLET POINTS e This is Category IV venting positive pressure condensing stack e All joints and seams must be sealed gastight and may not be common vented e The vent termination plat
34. ovided by Lochinvar Corporation i E i _ Ritpot betatett kthinat comiproducti Dieta ato MypeeProductiveddrel lt 1 0 AD re ol Fie Edt View Favones Tools Hep gt Links val SEB Lochinvar Products Knight XL product ine AD Sign In My Profile Contact es E in ss Me ed Pl Mn Alat Us Produc ds Training Carena Contact Us Home gt Products MODEL LOOK UP Up to 94 6 Thermal Efficiency PRODUCT CATALOG 109 000 to 000 000 Ext Hs Smart System Control Boilers internal Cascade Sequencer Water Heaters PVC or Stainless Stee Vent up to 100 Pool and Spa Heaters Condensing Stainless Steel Heat Package Sysiems Exchanger Fully Modulating Burner wiih Sc Turmion RESOURCE LIBRARY 7 H 2 wr competitor Gross Reference Sales Rep Locator Smart System Operating Control Featuring a Built In Cascading Sequencers Distributor Search Models 399 000 800 000 Btu HrFiring Rate Modulation to 5 1Less than 30ppm FAA aria fe 17 Far IS LS 4 VO dl x oO Bid 294m 42 t Lochinvar High Efficiency Water Heaters Boilers and Pool Heaters 300 Maddox Simpson Parkway Lebanon TN 37090 615 889 8900 fax 615 547 1000 www Lochinvar com KBX DG 01 Revised KBX DG 01 6 10 10 10 Printed in U S A
35. ree major concepts to consider when designing the near boiler piping system They are WATER FLOW WATER TEMPERATURE WATER VOLUME Basically a boiler or bank of boilers has a given range of operation under these three concepts A boiler has a water flow rate range A boiler has a water temperature range A boiler has a water volume range If you design a system that lets the boiler operate within its comfort zone it lives a long and prosperous life If the system forces the boiler to operate outside any one of the three comfort zones the boiler suffers WATER FLOW There are an infinite variety of system piping which will vary based on the system s components and operational design Our focus and the focus of this guide is to provide the Knight XL boiler with the flow rate that will allow it to operate at maximum efficiency without damage To that end Lochinvar requires Primary Secondary piping Typically system flow rates and boiler flow rates need to be controlled separately that s why a Primary Secondary piping loop is best The Primary Loop hereafter referred to as the System Loop flows water around the building The Secondary Loop hereafter referred to as the Boiler Loop branches off the system loop to flow water into and out of the boiler rr r r m r nn an aaa 17 er s Guide Knight XL Boiler The purpose of System Boiler Loop piping is to separate or decouple the system flow rate fr
36. se features are built into the Smart System control on every model as standard equipment But to help you see them better Lochinvar offers PC Software The PC software program can be downloaded onto a laptop computer and with the connection cable provided in the PC Software kit You can connect to the PC port on the front of every Knight XL control panel PC Software Kit w USB Connector Cable Owner s Kit KIT30003 PC Software Kit w USB Connector Cable Installer s Kit KIT30006 SCREEN SHOT OF PC SOFTWARE b ee oe el a SMART SYSTEM Status screen Sensors Fan speed Inlet 202 SH setpoint Hoon A Fan speed settings Outlet J DHW setpoint MEEA Ignition BMS power do x delta T i DAR setpoint j Maximum System 4 BMS setpoint EG Minimum EFE TO Outlet terp limiting Tank i dSP setpoint nE Ramp Tia Delta T limiting 258 ino A Er Outdoor EGR Night Setback 7 T Fluetemplimiting 7 Flue TO Flame Current low STE pone Fan speed control TE Derivative Flue E ni Derivative Outlet PM Setpon ran IC o E Ok Flame TIA A att ype Indirect DHW m Inputs A A e Control Cascade Leader e i SH Tstat Close Boller pump ieee PEN Hia DHW T stat oer Sps Pump Pei LOCI MAHL loser DHW Pump Rf Status Flow SwLwCO Blower Call for Heat SH Cascade Gas Press fi a Gas Valve ale None Au limit E sed Run Time Last Limit Boiler off Air Switch Close Alarm Wi Burner fon GGF r W Drain Sw Closed
37. simple and deliver ideal operation Still with the venting of flue products there are important rules and regulations to follow and the installation bears a responsibility for human safety AUSE SEVERE PERSONAL INJ URY OR DEATH Lochinvar offers nine different vent configurations on the Knight XL boiler There are three layouts or footprints and all are Category IV venting They are Direct Vent Sidewall PVC CPVC with Vent Air Termination Plate PVC CPVC with Concentric Vent Kit 400 601 only PVC CPVC with two pipe termination Stainless Steel with two pipe termination Direct Vent Vertical PVC CPVC with Concentric Vent Kit 400 601 only PVC CPVC with two pipe termination Stainless Steel with two pipe termination Rooftop Vent with Air from the Equipment Room PVC CPVC vent with Room Air Stainless Steel vent with Room Air Part 1 Four mportant deas Here are four important ideas we need to share before we look at each vent configuration 1 Vent Material 2 Air Intake Material 3 Vent amp Air Intake Lengths 4 Vent amp Air Intake Diameters VENT MATERIAL You have three vent materials to choose from The vent for a Knight XL can be installed with PVC CPVC or AL29 4C Stainless Steel Your choice You can choose any one of the three but we remind you to look around because certain situations require a specific material For example if you are going to install the Knight XL in a closet you MUST use CPVC pipe or Sta
38. the outlet temperature is correct 8 Boiler inlet temperature sensor This sensor monitors return water temperature system return If selected as the controlling sensor the control module adjusts the boiler firing rate so the inlet temperature is correct 9 Temperature and pressure gauge field installed not shown Monitors the outlet temperature of the boiler as well as the system water pressure 10 Electronic display The electronic display consists of 7 buttons and a dual line 32 character liquid crystal display 11 Flue pipe adapter Allows for the connection of the PVC vent pipe system to the boiler 12 Burner not shown Made with metal fiber and stainless steel construction the burner uses pre mixed air and gas and provides a wide range of firing rates 13 Water outlet system supply A 1 1 2 or 2 NPT depending on the model water connection that supplies hot water to the system 14 Water inlet system return A 1 1 2 or 2 NPT depending on the model water connection that returns water from the system to the heat exchanger 15 Gas connection pipe 1 NPT threaded pipe connection This pipe should be connected to the incoming gas supply for the purpose of delivering gas to the boiler 16 SMART Control Module The SMART Control responds to internal and external signals and controls the blower gas valve and pumps to meet the heating demand 17 Automatic air vent Designed to remove trapped air from the heat ex
39. um system load can t Refer to Lochinvar s Buffer Tank Air Eliminator product brochure for a tank selection chart or visit the Lochinvar website for a fully automated tank sizing program INDIRECT DOMESTIC WATER HEATING WITH THE BOILER SYSTEM The Knight XL boiler system can be configured to provide Domestic Hot Water with the addition of Lochinvar s Hot Water Generator Systems The Hot Water Generator is a storage tank fitted with a heating coil A sufficiently sized boiler will heat both the potable hot water demand and provide source water for the hydronic heating systems Hot Water Generator Systems use the boiler water as an energy source and can provide high recovery rates making them an economical water heating system 22 Designer s Guide Knight XL Boiler Chapter 5 Electrical amp Controls The first idea for this chapter is supplying power to the boiler A 120 VAC 15 Amp 1 ph 60 Hz circuit is required for operation of the boiler The boiler when installed must be electrically grounded in accordance with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction or in the absence of such requirements with the latest edition of the National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA No 70 When the unit is installed in Canada it must conform to the CAE C22 1 Canadian Electrical Code Part and or local Electrical Codes 1 All wiring between the appliance and field installed devices shall be made with type T wire 63
40. us programming parameters refer to the Installation amp Operation Manual the Service Manual or the User Manual Clock The Smart System has a clock for date and time This must be set for record keeping and night setback functions DHW Priority On a DHW call for heat the Smart System control will interrupt a Space Heating call for heat switching off the boiler pump and turning on the DHW pump Freeze Protection The Smart System control automatically monitors the water temperatures and will operate the pump and if necessary fire the appliance to protect the heat exchanger from freezing Anti Cycling The Smart System control will monitor burn cycles and force a minimum off time to reduce short cycling Night Setback The Smart System will reduce the Space Heating or DHW setpoints during periods where the building is unoccupied This is a programmable parameter Service Reminder The Smart System control can display a reminder to the customer that it is time for a service call This time frame is a programmable parameter AND MORE Open Shorted Sensor Detection Monitoring of Safety Devices Fan Speed Low amp Fan Speed High Ramp Delay Flame Current Support Run Time and Cycle Count Flue Temperature Limiting Temperature Rise Limiting Outlet Temperature Limiting Gradient Limiting DHW versus SH Cycling High Limit Operation Low Voltage Blocking Low Water Cutoff Protection 26 s Guide Knight XL Boiler PC SOFTWARE All of the
41. with Air for Combustion and Ventilation of the latest edition of the National Fuel Gas Code ANSI Z223 1 in Canada the latest edition of CGA Standard B149 Installation Code for Gas Burning Appliances and Equipment or applicable provisions of the local building codes NEGATIVE PRESSURE IN THE EQUIPMENT ROOM It is important to NEVER have a negative pressure on the equipment room Exhaust fans are popular in equipment rooms to exchange the air If the exhaust fan pulls air OUT then a negative pressure occurs in the room The combustion and ventilation air must be sized to supply all the equipment PLUS the air for the exhaust fan COMBUSTION AND VENTILATION AIR SIZING CALCULATIONS The sizing calculations in this section are based on Free Area The louvers or grill used on the air openings must have a net free area equal to or greater than the value derived in the calculations The Free Area in a louver or grill is defined as the open unblocked area The louvers grills mesh blades all will block a given amount of space in the louver s overall dimension Consult the louver manufacturer for exact net free area of the louver 12 esigner s Guide Knight XL Boiler 1 COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTSIDE If air is taken directly from outside the building with no duct provide two permanent openings to the equipment room a Combustion air opening with a minimum free area of one square inch per 4000 Btu hr input 5 5 cm per
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search