Accelerometer Data Collection
Contents
1. nes msn n INTERNATIONAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT NETWORK IPEN Accelerometer Protocol Measuring Physical Activity for IPEN using ActiGraphs ieterPlus Version 4 2 Simon Marshall Ph D school of Exercise amp Nutritional Science amp Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies BACH Graduate School of Public Health Kelli L Cain M A Accelerometer Data Manager IPEN Study Carrie M Geremia Recruitment Data Manager IPEN Study Our comprehensive accelerometer data collection data screening and data processing manual was created over the course of 10 years and is based on the cumulative experience of our research team We have adapted our protocols and materials for all age groups and successfully collected accelerometer data from over 5000 adults seniors teens and children This manual is designed for the IPEN study of adults in over 12 countries which will pool accelerometer data from over 8 000 participants We have adaptations to this manual for other populations Contents 1 Preparing for ActiGraph Data Collection 4 a Sample Size 4 b Equipment 4 c Determining Inventory Needs 5 d Budget Staffing 6 e Data Decisions 6 f Tracking ActiGraphs Inventory 9 2 Charging Testing Initializing and Delivering ActiGraphs 12 a Charging 12 b Testing 12 c Intializing 13 d Attaching the ActiGraph to a Belt 17 e Instructions for Wearing the ActiGraph 17 f Recruitment Script Examples 12. J Hannan P J Murray D M Addy C L Conway T L Yang S et al 2005 Imputation of missing data when measuring physical activity by accelerometry Med Sci Sports Exerc 37 11 Suppl S555 562 Chen K Y amp Bassett D R Jr 2005 The technology of accelerometry based activity monitors current and future Med Sci Sports Exerc 37 11 Suppl S490 500 Crouter S E Clowers K G amp Bassett D R Jr 2006 A novel method for using accelerometer data to predict energy expenditure J Appl Physiol 100 4 1324 1331 Crouter S E Kuffel E Haas J D Frongillo E A Bassett D R 2010 Refined Two Regression Model for the ActiGraph Accelerometer Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 42 5 1029 1037 Edwardson C L amp Gorely T 2009 Epoch length and its effect on physical activity intensity Med Sci Sports Exerc Evenson K R amp Terry J W Jr 2009 Assessment of differing definitions of accelerometer nonwear time Res Q Exerc Sport 355 362 Freedson P S Melanson E amp Sirard J 1998 Calibration of the Computer Science and Applications Inc accelerometer Med Sci Sports Exerc 30 5 777 781 Freedson P S amp Miller K 2000 Objective monitoring of physical activity using motion sensors and heart rate Res Q Exerc Sport 71 2 Suppl S21 29 Guinhouya C B Lemdani M Vilhelm C Durocher A amp Hubert H 2009 Actigraph defined moderate to vigoro
3. 8 g Mailing Procedures 19 3 Compliance Tips and Prompting Procedures 21 a Compliance Tips 21 b Prompting Procedures 22 c Call Descriptions and Scripts 23 4 Receiving ActiGraph Data 2 a Downloading ActiGraph Data ZT b Configuring MeterPlus to Screen Data 21 c Screening data 28 d Valid Wear Time Criteria 33 e When do you need a Re wear 33 f Re wear Call Script 34 5 Cleaning and Scoring Data 35 a Configuring MeterPlus to Clean Data 35 b Selecting Days to be Scored creating mpd files 37 c Preparing Re wear files for Scoring 37 d Configuring MeterPlus to Score Data 38 e Scoring Using MeterPlus 40 6 Management and training 4 a Hiring 4 b Delivery and Compliance Training 4 c Checking Quality Control 4 d Electronic Tracking 4 7 Troubleshooting 43 8 Useful Scientific references on accelerometers and AA physical activity ActiGraph Manual 2 9 Appendices 47 a Participant Instructions for Wearing 47 b Meter Log 49 c Meter Letter 51 d Reward Letter 52 e Return Time Compliance and Loss Rates 52 f Checklist for Accelerometer Delivery 53 10 Addendum for working with older models 7164 and 55 71256 a Initializing and Downloading 55 b Data Screening Issues 56 c Troubleshooting 56 d Calibration 58 ActiGraph Manual 3 Preparing for ActiGraph Data Collection A Determining Inventory Needs To determine how many units you need there are a few estimations that need to be made 1 How m
4. Qualities to look for in a Data Manager The main role of a data manager is to manage data collection efforts and to monitor that data are being collected according to protocol Above all else data managers should be invested in collecting quality data and must be able to pay attention to detail Organization is important for a data manager since he she will need to simultaneously manage all incoming outgoing rewears screening calls from participants and questions from data collectors B Delivery and Compliance Training As part of their training data collectors must wear an Actigraph for several days This allows the data collectors to speak from experience when interacting with study participants Provide opportunities for data collectors to role play delivery of Actigraph and compliance rewear requests Provide a checklist of talking points but not necessarily a script Emphasize the importance of details such as serial numbers participant IDs dates etc C Checking Quality Control The recruitment database should be checked weekly for cases that may have fallen between the cracks Outstanding units should also be queried periodically and reviewed to be sure that appropriate action is being taken to retrieve them ActiGraph Manual 9 7 Troubleshooting Equipment Various problems can arise during different stages of Actigraph use With newer models GT1IM GT3X most of these problems have been eliminated The com
5. any participants do you want to measure in what amount of time How many units will be lost in this amount of time see our loss rates in Appendix page 52 3 What will be your average return time and in office turnaround time The following will affect your return time and loss rates 1 How will your units be delivered and retrieved il What population are you working with iil How well staffed you are for prompting Some research groups have developed formulae for helping determine the number of devices needed to complete data collection efficiently For example Dr Jim Sallis group recommends computing the following days of data collection return time in office time X X loss rate Y X Y the number of time the unit can go out in data collection period used above Z Number of participants to measure Z desired inventory to meet your measurement goals Se FOR EXAMPLE Suppose we needed to measure 100 people one time across a 12 month period using a mail out and mail return protocol Using this formula and assuming a 30 day average return time 5 days of in office time and 4 loss it would be determined that 10 ActiGraphs were needed So we would need to have 10 ActiGraphs for every 100 participants to measure B Equipment There are several different ActiGraph models ActiGraph is also the name of the company Below is a brief description of each For IPEN any of these models are acceptable We ar
6. d toll free number encourages communication Actigraph generated Excel charts of valid and non valid wearing days to increase compliance showing these to participants before their wearing time gives them a sense of the output encourages complete valid days Let them know they will have to re wear if they don t provide enough valid data Participant materials Helpful to increase the amount of expected valid wearing time on all materials e g instructing participants to wear the meter for 12 hours in order to get 10 provide an end date when the meter will run out of batteries or memory this has improved our return times by 3 days on average Including 8 days on the log resulted in 20 of sample providing 8 valid days instead of 7 they were asked for Sending stamped return envelopes offering in home pickup if local Meter logs see example below provide participants with a daily assignment that can help improve compliance They are also helpful in analyzing meter data as described below B Meter Log Wear the movement meter for seven 7 consecutive days p the table below write down the dates and days on which you wear the meter Note the times including a m or p m that you putit on and take it off during each day Also note the reason you took it off Below is a sample entry Feb 26 2005 Saturda On 7 30 AM 1 45 PM We have included extra spaces rows in case you need to take off the meter during the c
7. e conducting studies to determine a correction factor to allow us to use different Actigraph models in a pooled dataset We do not currently know the compatibility of the Actical with the Actigraph but a study is underway to help us determine this ActiGraph Manual 4 2 Charging Testing Initializing and Delivering ActiGraphs A Charging The ActiGraph GT3X s rechargeable Lithium Ion battery is capable of providing power for 21 days without recharging GTIM is 14 days Recharging is automatic and is accomplished by connecting the ActiGraph to a standard USB port Charging time will depend on the battery life but will typically not exceed three hours for a fully depleted battery When connected to the USB port of a computer the LED will FLASH until data collection starts This indicates that the ActiGraph is charging Once the battery is completely charged the LED light inside the device will remain lit at will no longer flash When the device is removed from the charging hub the LED will go off A fully charged battery will have just over 4 0 volts If the battery goes below 3 1 volts the device will not have sufficient power to initialize and download The battery level reported in volts can viewed using the ActiLife Lifestyle software Just plug the device into a computer and the remaining voltage will appear on the default screen A self powered USB hub should be used to charge multiple ActiGraph units Each hub should be connec
8. f valid hours recorded in the day raw data file for a day to make the day valid for scoring purposes Number of zeros in a row to The Actigraph will record a 0 count value for an make an hour invalid epoch if there was no movement This setting will cause MeterPlus to replace a zero count value with the Replace strings of zeros setting value if at least this amount of consecutive zero counts were recorded This is so the correct differentiation is made between a not wearing value from a sedentary but wearing value Value to use for undefined Data files being processed in the same folder can field have varying amounts of data in them This setting determines how to deal with the missing hours or days of data User can select NULL or another missing data value ActiGraph Manual 8 6 Management and training A Hiring Qualities to look for in Data Collectors When hiring data collectors it is important to look for certain qualities that would make for an effective data collector The obvious look for data collectors who are reliable trustworthy and hard working Also look for data collectors who are personable likeable and outgoing Remember that data collectors may be interacting with participants so it is important to have data collectors who participants feel comfortable with A data collector who possesses these qualities and comes across as a professional would be a great addition to the team
9. mon problems we have experienced with these models relate to faulty batteries that don t hold their charge for more than a few days This is usually identified within the first few uses of the device and can be sent back to Actigraph for repair under warranty The Actigraph Operation Manual is sometimes helpful For problems cannot be resolved e mail device support at support theactigrpah com or e mail the Actigraph technical representative directly John Schneider at john schneider theactigraph com Also the website of Actigraph is http www theactigraph com MeterPlus Questions about the use of data screening or scoring using MeterPlus may be answered using the MeterPlus User s Manual You can also contact Kelli Cain at kcain projects sdsu edu IPEN protocol If you have questions about the IPEN accelerometer protocol contact Kelli Cain at kcain projects sdsu edu If you have other questions about IPEN contact Nicole Bracy at nbracy projects sdsu edu ActiGraph Manual 10 8 Useful Scientific references on accelerometers and PA Bassett D R Jr 2000 Validity and reliability issues in objective monitoring of physical activity Res Q Exerc Sport 71 2 Suppl S30 36 Bassett D R Jr Ainsworth B E Swartz A M Strath S J O Brien W L amp King G A 2000 Validity of four motion sensors in measuring moderate intensity physical activity Med Sci Sports Exerc 32 9 Suppl S471 480 Catellier D
10. ourse of the day If you take the meter off for more than 5 minutes such as showering record when you take it off and put it back on If you are unable to wear the meter for seven 7 consecutive days add additional days at the end of the week FOR OFFICE USEONLY Serial Number Date Initialized Participant ID Recruiter Valid Days Example of meter log to be given to participants to help data decisions and improve compliance see Appendix B for editable document ActiGraph Manual 6 4 Receiving ActiGraph Data A Downloading ActiGraph Data l 3 To download data connect the ActiGraph to any computer that has ActiLife software loaded As when initializing the device the same screen will appear to indicate the device status Click on Download After data has successfully downloaded the following screen will display requesting you to indicate where you would like to save the data file DAT file fAdctilife v4 4 1 a gu Analyze Data Options Help STMONTTOR1 Sample Actigraph DAT files gt el si search lt ol ay ei Filename SimonTest Save as type Data Files dat a Hide Folders At this time you may change the filename if necessary However if the Study ID was entered correctly at initialization this is the name that should appear in the filename box on screen and you should NOT change it All DAT files should be saved in the the same folder to enable batch sco
11. ring However you may also want to also create copies at a later date in which each particpiant has their own folder Once the DAT file has been downloaded we switch to the MeterPlus software to screen score and analyze the Actigraph data Configuring Meter Plus to Screen Data Click on the MeterPlus logo to open the program The default screen will look like this MeterPlus default mpo File Tools Reports Help No data file loaded Drag and drop a file here ActiGraph Manual 7 Get Total Valid Hours 5 Cleaning and Scoring Data Before the scoring process can proceed screened files called MeterPlus data mpd files must be created from dat files This feature allows the user to exclude days when the Actigraph was not being worn was in the mail etc and deals with non wearing time within valid days A Configuring MeterPlus to Clean Data E MeterPlus Options Hours required for a valid day Number of consecutive zeros to make an hour invalid Value to use for undefined field Replace stings of zeros with the following value fers sol anh be rangeed Y free sa ning Haf meets te GAN Jef above Jo mate an four svat Output Totals and Daily for Valid and Invalid Days z Farameter lActivity Directory to save mpd files CAD ocuments and Sethingsshparada Desktop HP Actigraph re cave Save and Close Exit Configuration Setting Description Hours required for a valid The minimum number o
12. t used to it and not notice it as much It is extremely important for our study that you wear the meter properly Please follow these instructions carefully gt Wear the meter attached to the belt around your waist just above your right hipbone You can wear it either underneath or on top of your clothing Wear the meter snug against your body If you have to you can adjust the belt by pulling the end of the strap to make it tighter Or to loosen the belt push more of the strap through the loop Wear the belt tight enough so that the meter does not move when you are being active Please put it on first thing in the morning either just after you get out of bed or just after you shower or take a bath in the morning Do not submerge the meter in water swimming bathing etc Keep the activity meter on all day unless swimming or in the water At night take it off right before you go to bed Do not let anyone else wear it Ot OO GG There is no ON or OFF switch that you need to worry about turning on or off every day The activity meter runs on a battery and is programmed to run continuously without you needing to turn it on Please do not try to open the activity meter ActiGraph Manual 12
13. ted to an electrical outlet and then each ActiGraph should be connected to each of the 7 USB ports using the USB cables provided For most studies we use two USB hubs enabling us to charge up to 14 devices at one time About the USB Charging Mode The USB Charging mode is entered when the ActiGraph is connected to the USB port on a computer or a powered USB hub In this mode the battery will charge As noted above complete charging should happen in three hours or less When an ActiGraph enters this mode if the device is STILL collecting activity data it will continue to do so however each epoch value will yield a null 0 s in the DAT file If the ActiGraph drivers have been installed on the computer the user will be able to communicate with the device using the ActiLife Lifestyle software IMPORTANT If charging multiple devices using a USB hub DO NOT connect the hub to the computer If the hub is connected to the computer each ActiGraph connected to the hub will attempt to communicate with the computer and may cause instability issues with the software Therefore the hub should be connected to a standard electrical outlet ActiGraph Manual 5 Compliance Tips and Prompting Procedures Compliance Tips Most helpful is the constant prompting and communication with participant phone email mail texting and not giving up Project websites useful for demystifying the Actigraphs can also be a place for FAQs Email address an
14. us physical activity cut off points among children Statistical and biobehavioural relevance Acta Paediatr 95 4 708 714 Haeuber E Shaughnessy M Forrester L W Coleman K L amp Macko R F 2004 Accelerometer monitoring of home and community based ambulatory activity after stroke Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 12 1997 2001 Harris T J Owen C G Victor C R Adams R Ekelund U amp Cook D G 2009 A comparison of questionnaire accelerometer and pedometer measures in older people Med Sci Sports Exerc 41 7 1392 1402 Healy G N Dunstan D W Salmon J Cerin E Shaw J E Zimmet P Z et al 2007 Objectively measured light intensity physical activity is independently associated with 2 h plasma glucose Diabetes Care 30 6 1384 1389 Hendelman D Miller K Baggett C Debold E amp Freedson P 2000 Validity of accelerometry for the assessment of moderate intensity physical activity in the field Med Sci Sports Exerc 32 9 Suppl S442 449 ActiGraph Manual 11 9 Appendices A Participant Instructions for Wearing Instructions for Wearing the Activity Meter This small activity meter records general movement and allows us to get a better idea of your overall activity level It is not a tracking device and we will not be able to tell what kind of specific activity is happening At first the belt may feel slightly awkward but after a few hours you will probably ge
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