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DVD Studio Pro User`s Manual

1. Jump when finished property to Main Menu Setting a Startup Action When you put a DVD Video disc into a DVD player you expect something to happen For example a video might play a menu might appear or a don t copy this disc warning might be displayed What happens first is called the startup action The startup action can be any item in your project a track marker story menu script slide or slideshow Here you ll set the startup action for your project Select the disc by clicking an empty area of the Graphical View In the General area of the Property Inspector choose Main Menu from the Startup Action pop up menu Disc Media Number Of Sides One All Regions Selected off not set Startup Action Main Menu OffBeat Scenes OffBeat Scenes Heat OffBeat Scenes Air OffBeat Sce Il Crew Crew Slide 1 Crew Slide 2 Crew Slide 3 Crew Slide 4 Aspect Ratio Variable 1 Variable 2 Variable 3 Now when this disc is inserted into a DVD player it will begin by displaying the main menu DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 44 42 Chapter 1 Setting the Actions of Standard Remote Control Keys All DVD players are required to have certain keys on their remote controls Besides the arrow and OK keys the required controls include Menu Title or Disc Audio Subtitles and Return DVD Studio Pro gives you complete flexibility to determine
2. 152 Appendix B Specifications for DVD Compliance This section gives the detailed specifications that each type of source file must meet to be DVD compliant and usable in DVD Studio Pro All MPEG streams must be elementary No transport program or system streams are accepted Video MPEG 1 The MPEG 1 encoding has to be ISO 11172 2 compliant The maximum bit rate of the MPEG 1 video is 1856000 bps Constraints Parameter NTSC PAL Picture size 352 x 240 352 x 288 Number of frames in a GOP lt 18 lt 15 Picture rate Hz 29 97 25 Aspect ratio 1 095 0 9157 Constraint parameters flag m 1 Constant bit rate m 0 Variable bit rate The bit rate field in the stream has to be 0x3FFFF MPEG 2 The MPEG 2 encoding has to be ISO 13818 2 compliant The encoding profile has to be MP ML main profile at main level or SP ML simple profile at main level Bit rates are as follows Constant bit rate CBR lt 9 8 Mbps m Variable bit rate VBR 9 8 Mbps vbv_delay OxFFFF and lo_delay 0x0 Constraints Parameter NTSC PAL Picture size 720 x 480 720 x 576 Number of frames in a GOP lt 36 lt 30 Frame rate 29 97 25H The aspect ratio can be 4 3 or 16 9 Audio PCM The audio data has to be stored in one of the following file formats AIFF WAVE or SoundDesigner II Requirements for PCM audio are Quantization two s complementary code 16 or 24 bits sample a Sampling phase simultaneous for all
3. Chapter 1 The DVD Studio Pro Workspace In DVD Studio Pro you work in four main windows the Graphical View the Project View the Property Inspector and the Preview window which you see when you preview an item in your project When you begin a new project these windows are empty Before you can begin creating a project you need to import the files you want to work with into the Assets container in the Project View Project View Assets container torn out Property window and tabs from the Project View Inspector Importing Assets The various files in your project video audio and graphics files are collectively called assets You can import assets individually or in groups either by using the Import command or by dragging files from the Finder Adding Assets With the Import Command 1 Choose Import from the File menu Navigate to the Tutorial folder using the controls in the upper half of the dialog box Display the contents of the folder called Graphic files in the upper half of the dialog box and click the Add All button to add all the files to the list of items to import 4 Next navigate to the Video files MPEG2 folder select Offbeat Scenes m2v and click the Add button to add it to the list of items to import Import Assets Angle 1 m2v Angle 2m2v Angle 3 m2v Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Still menus psd Video files MPEG2 OffBeat
4. 134 Appendix A ao Q N Using A Pack for Playback and Decoding Once your job has been encoded you can use the AC 3 Monitor to listen to the completed AC 3 stream Setting Up Stereo Playback You can use the Mac OS Sound Manager to listen to an AC 3 stream in stereo A Pack automatically downmixes the file to stereo To set up stereo playback Choose Preferences from the Edit menu General start __ AC 3 Monitor Output System vi Stereo Downmix Options Com Com Choose Sound Manager in the Output System pop up menu Note If you have an audio card installed you may have more routing options for stereo output Make sure a Sound Manager driver for the card is installed and selected in the Sound control panel Then choose Sound Manager in the Output System pop up menu Setting Up Multi Channel Playback If you have ASIO playback hardware in your computer you can hear the AC 3 stream in multi channel format To set up multi channel playback Create a folder named ASIO Drivers in the same folder as A Pack Copy your ASIO drivers into the ASIO Drivers folder Open A Pack and choose Preferences from the Edit menu Choose ASIO in the Output System pop up menu To have A Pack create a stereo mix of the output click the Stereo Downmix checkbox 6 Click Options to open the ASIO Setup window 7 Choose the settings for your ASIO system The settings vary depending on the system yo
5. 4 Choose Open VIDEO_TS from the File menu Choose a Folder ate resi Tal In ovo Tetorit D GB Editing Storage b GB Hard Disk O Cwi Coe Cac I 5 Navigate to the VIDEO_TS folder and click Choose 6 Click the Play button to start playback The project should play as if it were on a DVD disc What s Next Congratulations You ve successfully made your first DVD project Read the rest of this manual to learn about preparing source material using the QuickTime MPEG Encoder and A Pack application to prepare DVD compliant files working with languages and the Subtitle Editor and writing projects to DVD R DVD RAM or DIT DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 55 CHAPTER Preparing Source Material Before you can begin building a DVD project you must have correctly prepared source material edited video and audio subtitles and graphics or video for menus After you have captured and edited your source material you need to encode it to make it DVD compliant DVD Studio Pro includes two encoders to help you format your material m The QuickTime MPEG Encoder for encoding video to MPEG 2 streams The QuickTime MPEG Encoder also outputs elementary PCM audio ma The Apple A Pack application for encoding audio in Dolby Digital AC 3 format This chapter describes how to prepare source material for use in DVD Studio Pro and how to use the QuickTime MPEG Encoder For detailed information on using
6. 720 x 576 for PAL and the aspect ratio 4 3 full screen or 16 9 widescreen If you assign a video or picture asset to a menu these settings automatically match those of the asset Variable Names area You can create and name up to eight global variables also called GPRMs which store data used by scripts Variable names can be changed at any time For more information see Assigning Global Variables for Scripts on page 100 Property Inspector D Dise gt General gt Disc Menu Settings V Yariable Names Variable 1 Variable 2 Variable 3 Variable 4 Variable 5 Variable 6 Variable 7 Variable 8 Remote Control area See Setting Remote Control Properties for a New Project on page 70 for information about this area of the Property Inspector Time Search Time Play Some DVD players can access material on a disc using time values DVD players reset the content of all variables GPRMs whenever Time Search or Time Play is used If your project depends on maintaining variable values you can turn off this option Important Properties You can assign any property using the Property Inspector but the Property Inspector is especially useful for assigning particular types of properties Some of these are described in the following sections Action Jump Action Action menus list all menus tracks markers scripts slideshows slides and stories in your project
7. Depending on the item selected the menu may include other predefined actions Actions you can specify include startup action when a disc is inserted jump action when a button is activated or an item finishes playing remote control key assignments when the viewer clicks a remote control key timeout action when the viewer does not make a choice within a set time Button Link This button property specifies which button is selected next if the viewer presses an arrow key You can link to a button s name or you can use relative options previous next based on button positions in the containers in the Project View By default DVD Studio Pro sets button links using a wraparound strategy each button is linked to the next and the last is linked back to the first Default Button This menu property lists all the buttons defined on the active menu and specifies which button is selected when the menu appears You can select 1st button based on the button positions in the containers in the Project View or you can select a button by name Picture Layer and Hilite These properties specify the appearance of menus and buttons in their activated and selected states Layer properties list all the layers in a Photoshop file You specify layers to use for the background of a menu and the normal selected and activated states of each button Selected layers are indicated with the symbol Photoshop layers that have n
8. Depending on the tolerance of the decoder VOBU errors can cause audio and video to go out of sync To solve this problem re encode the MPEG stream Bad encoded video Multiplexing stops This message means the encoding did not work properly frames inside a GOP may be missing too long or too short the temporal reference that defines the order of the I P and B frames in a GOP may be incorrect To solve this problem re encode the MPEG stream Creating Your Disc After multiplexing is finished you can create an image file or copy your project onto a disc or DIT tape Note If you used DVD CCESS links in your DVD installers for those links are included on the final disc when you build it Depending on the kind of computer you are using to play your DVD you may need to install the installers for the Web links to work O gt TUTORIAL DISC E B ay 2 items zero K available VIDEO_TS DYD ccess To create the disc If you want to copy your project onto a disc or DLT tape connect a recording device to your computer following the instructions that came with the device Choose Build amp Format Disc from the File menu In the Format Disc window choose whether to save the project as an image file or record it to a device If you want to simulate the build disc operation to check for errors before creating a disc select the DVD R Simulation Mode checkbox Previewing Testing and Building YourDVD 123 5
9. Double click an AC 3 stream m Drag an AC 3 stream to the AC 3 Monitor The AC 3 Monitor opens Hold down the Option key and click the Play Stop button to Gietect AGS File Big Hits AC3 rewind the track to the beginning Current Time 00 56 17 Duration 01 44 00 Click the Play button in the Player area Decoding an AC 3 Stream You can use A Pack to separate an AC 3 stream into PCM audio files for each individual channel or to create a stereo downmix To decode an AC 3 stream Select a stream by doing one of the following m Click the Select button and choose a file from the dialog box that appears Double click an AC 3 stream m Drag an AC 3 stream to the AC 3 Monitor Click the Decode As button Specify a name and location for the file Choose whether to create a stereo downmix before you click Save Getting Information To get information about a stream Open the stream in the AC 3 Monitor Click the Get Info button AC 3 Stream Information File Big Hits AC3 Duration File Location Audio Coding Mode Data Rate Frame Size PCM Sample Rate Bitstream Mode Center Mix Level Surround Mix Level Dialog Normalization Copyright Exists Original 01 44 00 3250 frames 5 6 MB on disk Eddi s TestMic Desktop Folder Big Hits ACS 3 2 LFE 448 kbps 896 words 48 kHz Complete Main 3 0 dB 3 0 dB 27 dBFS Yes Yes Audio Production Information Room Type
10. The preferred audio format for DVD Video discs is Dolby Digital also known as AC 3 To encode AC 3 audio you can use the A Pack application supplied with DVD Studio Pro For more information see Appendix A Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound on page 125 Creating Material for Menus Creating Graphics for Still Menus DVD Studio Pro uses the Photoshop psd format for still menu graphics Layers are used to specify images for the background and the selected and activated states of buttons If you like you can keep the graphics for all your menus in one Photoshop file more than one menu can reference a Photoshop file or you can use a separate file for each menu The maximum number of layers in a Photoshop file is 100 Note Photoshop s effects layers do not work with DVD Studio Pro Be sure to flatten any effects layers before using them in DVD Studio Pro Flattening a layer is not the same as flattening a file Flattened files do not work with DVD Studio Pro Keep in mind the following menu graphic tips Set the size of the Photoshop file to match the resolution of your project Remember that graphics created in Photoshop will be slightly squeezed horizontally for NTSC and vertically for PAL when viewed on a TV because TV formats are based on non square pixels To compensate for this in NTSC create your graphics at 720 x 540 then resize them to 720 x 480 m Name layers according to their function Preparing Source
11. clip If you want the clip to loop make sure to create a smooth transition between the beginning and end of the video 64 Chapter 2 Creating Video for Interactive Markers Interactive markers are buttons that appear on top of tracks using the subtitle feature If you want buttons in a track you need to create video that includes button images and an overlay graphic PICT or Photoshop for defining the button highlights You can create composites using a standard video editing tool like Final Cut Pro Creating Graphics for Slideshows Still images for slideshows can be in PICT or Photoshop format but only the first layer of a Photoshop file is shown Still images must match the resolution of your project a All audio streams used within one slideshow must have the same format Preparing Graphics for Use With 16 9 Aspect Ratio To ensure that widescreen menu graphics don t look stretched edit in widescreen resolution 854 x 480 for NTSC or 1024 x 576 for PAL then resize graphics down to normal resolution 720 x 480 NTSC 720 x 576 PAL just before use The results may look squeezed in DVD Studio Pro but they will look correct on a DVD player Image Size Pixel Dimensions 1013K was 1 18M 7 Use these settings in Height s80 Photoshop to resize re menus for use with NTSC Print Size Resolution 7
12. 21 copying to other items 78 discs 2269 80 displaying for items 74 editing 77 78 listed 81 82 with menus 77 multiple assignments 78 pasting to other items 78 in Property Inspector 76 82 scripts 101 text 77 viewing 21 22 78 Property Inspector assigning properties 81 82 button appearance 30 31 button highlighting colors 34 changing properties 21 choosing scripts 99 described 71 displaying item properties 74 illustrated 18 overlays 47 setting disc properties 69 80 using 76 82 viewing global script variables 100 viewing incomplete items 118 121 viewing properties 21 22 viewing scripts 101 psd Photoshop format 63 pulse code modulation See PCM Q QuickTime format 89 126 QuickTime movies 59 89 QuickTime MPEG Encoder 9 10 12 57 59 62 using 59 61 QuickTime MPEG Export feature 59 61 QuickTime Player 59 QuickTime Preview window 93 QuickTime Pro 1011 RAM See memory random number operator 105 Read Me file 11 14 recording audio 126 Record To Device option 124 recursion 102 Red Book 141 143 Region Code property 79 region codes 68 79 106150 151 registers 101 102 117 registration information 11 remote control Angle key 62 navigating through DVD Video 149 150 navigating through projects 114 115 Stop key 24 107 variables and 100 Remote Control area Property Inspector 70 80 remote control keys actions of 42 82 assignments 81 calling menus with 149 controlling projects with 42
13. 4 7 GB Dual sided DVDs must be turned over during play A DVD can be produced in four configurations Storage capacity Type Abbreviation Name 12 cm DVD GB Single side ss sl DVD 5 47 single layer Single side ss dl DVD 9 8 54 dual layer Dual side ds sl DVD 10 9 4 single layer Dual side ds dl DVD 18 17 08 dual layer Unlike CDs which are recorded with several incompatible formats all DVD data is written in the same logical format Universal Disk Format UDF This standardization eliminates the format confusion that has plagued the CD authoring process Physical Formats There are four physical DVD formats Physical Conceptually format ss sl ss dl ds sI ds dl similar to Comment DVD ROM x x x x CD ROM DVD R x CD R DVD RW x CD RW Can be rewritten a number of times DVD RAM X PD Caddy 2 sides at 2 6 GB and 4 7 GB Logical Formats DVD ROM Contains a UDF file system with any type of data No multi session ability intended DVD Video Contains a UDF file system and an ISO directory intended for such video content as movies and training material The contents of the ISO directory have been defined precisely and are readable by standardized set top players DVD Video provides picture and audio quality far surpassing that of VHS tape and laserdisc DVD Video titles can have up to 8 sound tracks up to 32 subtitle tracks and up to 9 views or angles Menu structures allo
14. 81 defined on active menu 81 described 17 highlight colors 34 35 highlight shapes 47 64 interactive markers 65 linking to tracks 40 links to 81 on menus 64 150 naming 30 previewing 31 states 30 31 64 tips for 64 on tracks 45 c capturing audio 58 capturing video 58 CD technology 141 142 center channel 138 channels AC 3 streams and 128 129 audio settings 132 center channel 138 creating files for 126 Dolby Digital programs 138 139 driver output channels 135 full bandwidth channels 133 LFE channel 138 139 subwoofer signal and 138 139 surround channels 138 chapter markers See markers clips video 64 CMF standard 124 Collapse all Properties command 78 color button highlights 34 35 highlight shapes 47 links 72 Preview window background 92 subtitles 90 92 93 Color Menu Settings box 90 Colorstripe process 154 commands Collapse all Properties 78 Expand all Properties 78 Build amp Format Disc 110 123 Build Disc 53 121 Copy Properties 78 exitScript 107 Find 93 Golo in Movie 93 gotoLabel 108 Import 19 Load Description 119 maximum number in script 101 New Batch List 129 nop 107 NVRAM commands 110 Paste Properties 78 peek 111 peekAll 111 play 108 poke 110 pokeAll 111 return 108 Save As 22 Save Description 119 scripting commands 107 108 Set In Point 94 Set Out Point 94 STE commands 96 stop 107 Commands Free value 101 Commands Used value 101 Commen
15. Chapter 5 Using NVRAM in DVD Studio Pro DVD Studio Pro supports the Philips Professional DVD Player 170 This player has NVRAM or non volatile memory which means variables remain stored when the player is turned off To use the NVRAM feature with DVD Studio Pro the player must have firmware version 9 25 or later installed Upgrade information is available from Philips The NVRAM has 256 addresses from 0 to 255 Every address has a size of 16 bits When Use NVRAM is turned on in the Preferences and you use NVRAM commands in your project DVD Studio Pro creates a folder called PROF containing a file named INFO ID This file contains the NVRAM information for the disc Do not edit this file When you multiplex your disc make sure the folder is stored in the same folder as the VIDEO_TS directory O SG hard disk P B 2 items 624 5 MB available When you choose Build amp Format Disc from the File menu DVD Studio Pro automatically includes the PROF folder in the proper place on the disc When you preview your project the debugging window shows all current values stored in the NVRAM See Debugging in Preview Mode on page 116 To store information in or read information from the NVRAM you use four simple commands in your scripts Using NVRAM commands on a player without installed NVRAM has no effect poke This command stores the value of the first global variable by default this variable is named A
16. Crew button selected Views button selected Online button selected Action button activated Crew button activated Views button activated Online button Use Hilite Selection Type Set Audio Stream to Set Subtitle Stream to Jump when activated Aito Artion DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 49 50 Chapter 1 10 In the Action area of the Property Inspector choose Main Menu from the Jump when activated pop up menu The menu and button should like this Please wait The OffBeat Retreat web page is loading Select the background image of the menu to access the menu s properties In the ccess area of the Property Inspector set the ccess Type to URL Type Web Site as the ccess name and hittp www apple com dvd offbeat as the ccess URL ee a ccess URL http www apple com dyd o Close the menu editor Linking the Web Link to the Main Menu Open the Main Menu in the menu editor and select the Online button Choose Online as its Jump when activated property You left this property as not set when you assigned the other button properties in the first part of the tutorial Close the menu editor then open the Main Menu in Preview Mode to see if the Web link works Use the arrow keys to select the OffBeat Online button and click OK on the remote control Your browser software should open Close the browser window to return to Preview Mode Writin
17. Customizing the Appearance of the Graphical View 73 The Project View 74 The Property Inspector 76 The Editors 82 Preview Mode 82 Troubleshooting Windows 83 The Matrix Views 83 Contents 5 4 Working With Languages and Subtitles 87 Working With Languages 87 Setting Up Multiple Language Audio in Slideshows 89 The Subtitle Editor 89 Preparing Source Material for Subtitles 89 Setting Preferences for the Subtitle Editor 90 Starting a New Subtitle Project 91 Changing the Location and Duration of Subtitles 94 Locking and Unlocking Subtitle Positions 94 Linking Subtitles 94 Selecting Multiple Subtitles 94 Importing Subtitles 95 Compiling a Subtitle Stream 95 Working With Subtitle Streams in DVD Studio Pro 95 Keyboard Shortcuts 96 5 Using Scripts 97 Creating a Script 98 Assigning Scripts 99 Assigning Global Variables for Scripts 100 Viewing Script Properties 101 Scripting Reference 101 About Registers Parameters and Variables 101 Limitations of Variables and Registers 102 Script Reference Conventions 102 Numbers 102 Labels 103 Comments 103 Functions and Commands 103 Using NVRAM in DVD Studio Pro 110 Determining Whether NVRAM Is Available 112 6 Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD 113 Using Preview Mode 114 Limitations of Preview Mode 115 6 Contents Previewing on an External Video Monitor 115 Debugging 116 Debugging in Preview Mode 116 Using Built in Error Checking 118 Finding Missing Asset Files 1
18. DVD Studio Pro icon in the DVD Studio Pro folder to start the program The DVD Studio Pro workspace appears You use the windows in this workspace to build your DVD project DVD Studio Pro Building Blocks In DVD Studio Pro every project is constructed from these basic components Assets Video audio graphics and subtitle files Tracks markers and stories Each track has up to 9 video streams 8 audio streams and 32 subtitle streams linked together in a single structure the DVD specification calls these video title sets Each track can have up to 99 markers spots within the track where you can start play Markers can be arranged in sequences called stories which can be thought of as virtual tracks Slideshows Each slideshow can use up to 99 assets which can be MPEG video streams or still pictures in PICT format Up to 8 audio streams can be assigned to each asset Menus and buttons A menu is a graphic backdrop for buttons which allow the viewer to interact with your program You can create as many menus as you want Each menu can have up to 36 buttons Scripts These are simple programs that can add sophisticated interactivity to your DVD DVD Studio Pro scripts can also use the special memory NVRAM in the Philips Professional DVD Player Languages These labels make it easy to construct multi language titles You can put up to 16 languages on a disc DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 17 Graphical View window 18
19. Ifyou choose Record To Device select the device from the list and make settings for the device Ifa device appears not to be ready check that it s connected properly and has power a DVD recorder Select a DVD recorder from the list and insert a recordable DVD R m DIT tape drive Select a DIT device from the list Choose the format that works with your replicator DDP 2 0 is an old mastering format CMF is the new standard as of April 1999 Insert a tape a DVD RAM drive Select a DVD RAM drive from the list and insert a DVD RAM disc Before creating a disc you can simulate the build disc operation to check for errors 6 Click OK If you re recording onto DIT tape and you ve specified a dual layer disc in the disc properties the formatter asks you for a second tape when ready 124 Chapter 6 APPENDIX Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound What Is A Pack Apple A Pack is software for encoding audio in the Dolby Digital format also known as AC 3 Dolby Digital is the preferred audio format for DVD Video discs A Pack accepts your multi channel sound files in a variety of formats and gives you complete control over the encoding process Using A Pack you can monitor your AC 3 files as a stereo downmix using your computer s sound system A Pack is Dolby certified so you can be sure it will produce high quality compatible output DO peter DIGITAL Creating AC 3 An Overview A Pack is not a sound editi
20. Menu m2v L OffBeat Scenes m2v MPEG 2 Video NTSC 4 3 720x480 Overlay for OffBeat Menu Overlay for track buttons WD Studio Pro Add All Remove Remove All 5 When all the files have been selected click the Import button to import them into the Assets container DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 19 Adding Assets by Dragging It s often faster and easier to add assets by dragging them to a project In the Finder select the remaining files shown below 2 Drag the selected items to the Assets container 28 items 23 02 GB available Tutorial Completed Yesterday 112x 4 gt Q Audio Files Today ATE Yesterday 16M8 DMAE Yesterday 55MB Pr Yor rena Yesterday 62MB fe Wortbeat Scenes Arr Yesterday 22m8 Bumm Yesterday 31M8 B umm Yesterday 3M8 Eesen Yesterday 33MB Eea arr Yesterday 2 1 MB D Q Files to encode Today gt OG Graphic fites Today E Overlay for OffBeat Menu Yesterday 36K E Overlay for track buttons Yesterday 24K B Silde 1 Yesterday 472K Side 2 Yesterday 42K Slide 3 Yesterday 440K Siid 4 Yesterday 416K Stili mens ps Yesterday 884K 5 Q Subtitte fites Today Dumm Today ak Today 4k gt Q Video files MPEG2 Yesterday orae ima Yesterday 27 6 MB Enema Yesterday 27 6 MB Petraes mv Yesterday 276 MB rees menu mvh Yesterday 26 mB i OffBeat Scenes m2v Yesterday 92 3 MB ne 3 When you re finished adding assets make sure the Assets container has the
21. Pro Open the QuickTime Installer folder on the DVD Studio Pro CD Open the QuickTime Installer and follow the onscreen instructions When Choose Installation Type appears click Custom then click Continue Click Select All then click Continue You need to restart your computer when installation is complete After restarting your computer follow the instructions in the update titled Read This Before Installing DVD Studio Pro that came with your copy of DVD Studio Pro You need to supply a registration name and the serial number printed on that sheet to unlock QuickTime Pro Getting Started With DVD Studio Pro 11 12 Preface Overview of the DVD Creation Process There are four steps to creating a DVD m Creating your source material Encoding video and audio in DVD compatible formats m Authoring creating the disc s menus and link structure and verifying navigation m Multiplexing creating the final files for the disc and creating the disc DVD Studio Pro helps you with the last three parts of this process Creating Source Material Before you use DVD Studio Pro you need to create edit and assemble your source material For example you can use software such as Final Cut Pro to edit your video and add scene transitions special effects and so on You can design graphics for your project s buttons and menus using software such as Photoshop Once your material has been created and edited you are ready to begin p
22. Progress PHB Multiplexing Views 2 of 2 Thruput 52 MB at 4783 kB s 6 8x Realtime 2 cancel Current Average High 6 77 8 01 9 64 The Log window also displays a status message when the disc has been successfully built such as Disc complies to DVD Video standard 1 0 or 1 1 This final confirmation depends on the audio formats used Standard 1 0 uses PCM or AC 3 audio standard 1 1 allows MPEG audio or a mixture of AC 3 PCM and MPEG Solving Multiplexing Problems If an error occurs while you are building your disc the Log window opens automatically and displays an error message in red text The following are some error messages you may encounter and solutions to the problems they describe Data rate too high Multiplexing stops and this error appears if one of the following is true The total data rate for the video content of a track exceeds 9 8 Mbps m The total data rate for all assets used in a track exceeds 10 085 Mbps To solve this problem use fewer audio or subtitle streams or re encode the video content at a lower data rate Found VOBU error Found VOBU longer than 1 0 seconds at sector xxxxx any GOP in a VOBU Found VOBU longer than 1 2 seconds at sector xxxxx last GOP in a VOBU only Found VOBU shorter than 0 4 seconds at sector xxxxx any GOP in a VOBU These messages mean the GOP pattern of an underlying video stream is out of range Multiplexing does not stop
23. Region 4 Australia the Caribbean Central and South America New Zealand m Region 5 Africa India Mongolia Pakistan North Korea the states of the former USSR a Region 6 China m Region 8 Special Purpose newly approved for in flight entertainment only playable on Region 8 players installed in airplanes Each sector of the disc contains one region code byte which consists of eight flags one per region It s possible to create a disc on which some material is restricted and other material is not Scrambling To prevent copying of the data on a DVD Video the author has the option of using the Contents Scrambling System CSS to encrypt the data Each sector of a DVD can be scrambled The data can only be unscrambled when a licensed DVD reader is connected to a licensed DVD decoder card CSS requires an individual encryption key which can be provided by most mastering plants For more information about licensing CSS contact the Motion Picture Association of America MPAA or the DVD Copy Control Association DVDCCA Macrovision copy protection To deter analog copying of DVD Videos to videotape for example DVD incorporates Macrovision copy protection which causes extreme degradation of the image quality if a copy is attempted Macrovision protection is assigned directly to tracks and markers There are two levels of Macrovision For more information see About Macrovision Copy Protection on page 155 More About DVD 151
24. To switch between a large and small view of item tiles Choose a size from the View Size pop up menu Smaller tiles do not have buttons or thumbnails but they allow you to see more in the window To select a thumbnail image for an item tile tracks menus or slideshows a Choose Change Thumbnail from the Item menu Note Only specific frames of a track technically speaking the first I frame in a GOP can be selected as thumbnails idiving mpy a Ba ws Thumbnail area Navigating in the Graphical View To jump to an item tile Choose the item tile s name from the GoTo pop up menu To jump to the container for an asset Click the asset s icon works in large view only Using DVD Studio Pro 73 74 Chapter 3 The Project View Demo Disc The Project View represents your DVD project as icons inside containers accessible by tabs Items in tabs are not actual files but links to files like Finder aliases There are six tabs Assets Menus Tracks Slideshows Scripts and Languages Some item types for example tracks have subcontainers Anumber in parentheses after an item name indicates how many items are assigned to that item m An arrow gt followed by a name represents something an item is linked to m An item listed in italics is incomplete some of its properties still must be set Working With Items in the Project View The following methods work in the Project View To sel
25. and 62 creating 37 39 described 17 graphics 65 multiple languages in 89 Photoshop format 65 PICT format 65 previewing 39 selecting thumbnail images for 73 Slow Down Background Tasks option 68 software encoders 59 software requirements 10 Sony Dynamic Digital Sound SDDS 147 sound See audio Sound control panel 134 SoundDesigner format 62 SoundDesigner II format 126 153 sound files encoding with A Pack 127 133 Sound Manager 134 135 Sound Manager driver 134 source material gathering 12 multiple tracks 59 preparing 57 66 segmenting 59 subtitles 89 types of 12 57 spatial mixing 138 139 specifications audio 153 154 DVD 141152 154 video 152 square brackets 102 Startup Action property 69 80 startup actions 41 81 STE See Subtitle Editor stereo playback 134 139 stereo plus center 126 still menus creating 26 28 creating graphics for 63 stop command 107 Stop key 24 43 107 114 115 stories creating 43 44 described 17 Stories Folder 43 story icon 44 streams AC 3 streams 128 129 134 137 audio streams 59 62 70 getting information about 137 multiplexed MPEG streams 59 subtitle streams 95 video elementary streams 59 sub pictures 148 Subtitle Editor STE 989 96 Subtitle key 70 subtitle menus 149 subtitles 89 96 adding 48 allowing viewers to choose 70 appearance of 92 changing duration 94 changing location 94 color in 93 compiling streams 95 creating 93 95 DVD Video 148 importing 95 int
26. area the button is activated it changes color and the action assigned to it is carried out Resize the active area of the button by dragging a corner The active area should be slightly larger than the graphic Untitled Button i at OffBeat Action y OffBeat Crew To create a button for the graphic labeled OffBeat Crew drag from the upper left corner of the graphic to the lower right corner Untitled Button 3e OffBeat Action OffBeat Crew OffBeat Views Repeat step 3 to create buttons for the rectangles labeled OffBeat Views and OffBeat Online DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 29 30 Chapter 1 Naming the Buttons Every item in a DVD project has a default name If you like you can edit the name in the Property Inspector Select each button in turn and give it a new name Name the buttons Action Crew Views and Online xsd Property Inspector m o cl Your adventure is limited only by your imagination OffBeat Onlin Specifying Button States Fach button on a menu has three possible states normal selected and activated Selected means that if the viewer clicks the Enter or OK key on the remote control the button will be activated and its actions will be carried out Each state can use different layers of the source Photoshop file This is known as the Photoshop Layer method In this way you can make it easy for the viewer of your disc to determine which button is cur
27. channels a Sampling frequency 48 Hz optional 50 15 us emphasis or 96 Hz no emphasis emphasis off The following table shows the maximum number of audio channels depending on bit depth and sample rate 48 kHz 96 kHz 16 bits sample 8 4 24 bits sample 5 2 AC 3 Dolby Digital The encoding has to comply with the Dolby AC 3 Standard ATSC STANDARD DIGITAL AUDIO COMPRESSION AC 3 Doc A 52 20 Dec 1995 m Bit rate 64 448 Kbps constant bit rate a Sampling frequency 48 Hz a Allowed audio coding modes 1 0 2 0 3 0 2 1 3 1 2 2 and 3 2 including modes with LFE MPEG The MPEG 1 audio encoding has to be ISO 11172 3 compliant The MPEG 2 audio encoding has to be ISO 11172 3 and ISO 13818 3 compliant The MPEG audio layer is always layer 2 Setting Value Protection Always on Sampling frequency 48 kHz Private bit Always 0 Mode Anything except dual channel Emphasis Anything except dual channel Surround 0 1 2 0r 3 More About DVD 153 154 Appendix B Setting Value Dematrix procedure Always 3 Number of multi lingual Always 0 channels mc_prediction_on Always 0 Number of bits reserved for Always 16 dynamic_range_control In ancillary data a MPEG 1 Mono 64 192 Kbps CBR or VBR bit_rate_index always 0 m MPEG 1 Stereo 64 384 Kbps CBR or VBR bit_rate_index always 0 m MPEG 2 For the main stream apply the same restrictions as for MPEG 1 The extension
28. default assignments 70 navigating with 114 scripts assigned to 99 Remote Control property 82 rendering options subtitles 92 resolution audio 58 graphics 65 Photoshop files 63 widescreen resolution mode 65 return command 108 Return key 70 114 rolling titles 148 Root key 70 root menus 149 S sample rates 58 Save As command 22 Save Description command 119 scrambling data 80 151 script editor 51 98 scripting commands 103 111 enhanced 68 functions 103 111 reference 101 109 scripts 97 112 actions for 99 assigning 99 changing information about 101 choosing 99 current item attached to 106 Index 167 168 Index described 17 disabling lines of 103 entering 98 exiting 107 finding errors in 117 global variables for 100 jumping to another position in 108 labels in 103 maximum number of commands in 101 numbers in 102 properties 101 size of 101 specifying 81 uses for 97 viewing 101 writing 51 52 Script window 98 SDDS Sony Dynamic Digital Sound 147 segments 59 Selection Condition property 82 serial number DVD Studio Pro software 11 QuickTime Pro software 11 Set In Point command 94 Set Out Point command 94 setSubtitleStream function 107 settings audio capture settings 58 audio settings 132 bit stream settings 132 133 preprocessing settings 133 video capture settings 58 shortcuts 96 Show All Angles option 26 68 16 9 aspect ratio 58 65 Skip keys 114 slideshow editor 38 39 slideshows audio format
29. each clip You will then move the four original markers to the track s Stories Folder to create the story Creating New Markers 1 Open the OffBeat Scenes track in the marker editor by double clicking its thumbnail area The track appears at the Start of track marker Click the New Marker button and name the marker End of start in the Property Inspector Click the time code button and set the new marker at 10 15 Create three more new markers a Adda marker named End of heat at 40 15 m Adda marker named End of air at 1 08 15 a Adda marker named End of chill at 1 42 15 5 Close the marker editor DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 43 44 Chapter 1 Moving Markers to the Stories Folder Click the story icon on the OffBeat Scenes track to open the Stories Folder 4 cea Choose New Story from the Item menu and name the story Highlights It is easiest to work with multiple containers within one track using the Tracks container in the Project View In the Project View click the Tracks tab to access the Tracks container and click the triangle next to OffBeat Scenes to see the contents of the track You can pull the Tracks container away from the Project View and expand it to make it easier to work in Open the Markers folder Drag the following markers from the Markers container to the Highlights story Start of track Heat Air and Chill Tutorial Completed Tracks Hold down the Command key to select noncontiguous
30. identical to the original data However this difference is hardly noticeable to the human ear The sampling rates are 32 44 1 and 48 kHz The system supports up to 5 channels plus a narrower subwoofer channel also called LFE Low Frequency Effects AC 3 ranges from 64 to 448 Mbps typical rates are 192 Mbps for stereo and 384 Mbps for 5 1 channels MPEG Audio MPEG audio is a compression scheme providing up to 8 channels of sound The two additional channels are called Left Center and Right Center and are used in the 7 1 channel configuration Possible channel combinations are 1 0 2 0 2 1 2 2 3 0 3 1 3 2 and 5 2 The subwoofer is optional in each case The difference between MPEG audio and AC 3 lies in the encoding algorithm the sound quality results are similar For compatibility the additional channels in MPEG 2 audio are included as extensions of an MPEG 1 audio stream allowing MPEG 1 decoders to play the two stereo channels The bit rates for MPEG audio are between 32 and 384 Mbps MPEG 1 and up to 912 Mbps MPEG 2 Typically 384 Mbps is used The MPEG audio portion of a DVD Video requires a sampling rate of 48 kHz instead of the 44 1 kHz used on Video CDs and CD i MPEG 2 layer III also known as MP3 and MPEG 2 AAC are not supported by DVD Video DTS Digital Theatre System This optional audio format was originally developed for theatres It provides 5 1 channels at a sampling rate of 48 kHz with 20 bit resolution The dat
31. nop getCurrentTrack Yields the track currently playing or the track that was playing before a jump to a menu Syntax variable getCurrentTrack Example A getCurrentTrack Procedures setAudioStream Sets the number of the audio stream to be played Syntax setAudioStream constant Example setAudioStream 5 setSubtitleStream Sets the number of the subtitle stream to be displayed Syntax setSubtitleStream constant Example setSubtitleStream 19 Commands nop This command does nothing It serves as a placeholder Syntax nop Example if A 5 then nop stop This command is equivalent to clicking the Stop key on the remote control Syntax stop Example stop exitScript This command which only works with pre scripts exits from the running script immediately The player goes to the next item to which the pre script is assigned Syntax exitScript Example exitScript N Using Scripts 10 108 Chapter 5 gotoLabel This command jumps to another position in the script Syntax gotoLabel label Example gotoLabel here_next return This command returns from a menu to the player s position before the jump to the menu The player continues playing the track as if nothing happened Syntax return Example return play This command plays an object Objects are tracks markers menus buttons and scripts play
32. specified period of time This feature allows you to automate a DVD title create self running demos sales presentations and so on Select the Main Menu In the Timeout area of the Property Inspector set the Action property to the script you just created RandomPlay M Main Menu n O Duration Cin seconds 30 In the Timeout area enter 30 for the Duration property Whenever the Main Menu is displayed if no remote control keys are pressed for 30 seconds the script will run Use the preview function to see how it works Testing Your Project At this point the navigation for your project should be complete Use Preview Mode to try it If you set up everything correctly you ll be able to jump back to the main menu at any time using the Menu or Disc key on the remote control and the buttons should all jump to their intended menus tracks slides slideshows markers stories or Web sites Building the Finished Project You have now completed both sections of the tutorial project All that remains is to get it onto the desired output media DVD Studio Pro can write directly to DVD R DVD RAM or DIT It can also save completed projects to your hard disk The process of formatting the project data so that it s ready for a DVD is called building the disc or multiplexing muxing for short Follow these steps to build the tutorial project Choose Build Disc from the File menu Choose a location As the disc is being bu
33. stream may have a bit rate of up to 528 Kbps Main and extension streams combined should not exceed 912 Kbps How the Technology Works Macrovision DVD copy protection is activated during authoring A menu allows you to set Analog Protection System APS activation bits to on These activation bits remain a part of the program through replication When a protected disc is played back in any DVD player or DVD ROM drive with video out the activation bits instruct a chip in the playback device to add Macrovision copy protection to the outgoing analog video The original is not affected The DVD copy protection waveform is made up of two key elements Automatic Gain Control and Colorstripe The Automatic Gain Control technology virtually identical to the technology used on over two billion videocassettes over the past ten years consists of pulses in the vertical interval that televisions do not detect When a copy is attempted the pulses confuse a recording VCR s AGC circuitry causing copies to display characteristics such as dim or noisy pictures loss of color loss of video and so on The Colorstripe Process consists of changes to colorburst information that produce lines across the picture when an unauthorized copy is played Almost all copy protected NTSC titles currently being released utilize both AGC and Colorstripe Only AGC is available in PAL The technology works on all analog outputs including baseband S Video and YUV Abou
34. the A Pack application see Appendix A Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound on page 125 For more information on DVD compliant material see Specifications for DVD Compliance beginning on page 152 57 58 Chapter 2 Capturing Video and Audio For best results you should create and capture your video and audio using the settings required for DVD m Frame size 720 x 480 pixels NTSC 720 x 576 pixels PAL Frame rate 29 97 frames per second NTSC 25 frames per second PAL a Aspect ratio 4 3 or 16 9 Audio resolution 16 or 24 bits Audio sample rate 48 kHz or 96 kHz If you are unable to capture and edit using these settings most MPEG encoders can convert from other resolutions and sizes Capturing Video for 16 9 Aspect Ratio Standard NTSC and PAL monitors have a picture aspect ratio of 4 3 or 1 33 The aspect ratio is the ratio of the width of the visible area to the height of the visible area High Definition Television HDTV uses formats that have a picture aspect ratio of 16 9 or 1 78 Ifa program recorded with an aspect ratio of 16 9 and 480 active lines as in NTSC DV is displayed on a device with an aspect ratio of 4 3 only 360 lines or 75 percent of the image is shown To show the whole image you can use anamorphic transfer a process that stretches the active area of the 16 9 program vertically to fill all 480 lines To show this material correctly the display device needs to shrink the ve
35. the final stereo mix m Let the decoder derive a stereo downmix based on preset formulas in the decoder Downmix options and dynamic range control effects can be previewed and adjusted in the production studio and a range of adjustments are possible Always check the mix on a budget surround system to evaluate how well it sounds on modest playback systems Note For more information about Dolby Digital see Frequently Asked Questions about Dolby Digital by Dolby Laboratories Inc available at the Web site www dolby com Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 139 APPENDIX More About DVD Philips and Sony defined the first CD format with the Red Book in 1980 Sixteen years later a new standard was launched which promises to have an even more significant impact DVD DVD s popularity is based primarily on its superior sound and picture quality but also on its ability to deliver a richer entertainment experience New DVD based technologies promise to deliver previously unheard of performance and value in areas such as interactivity storage and more DVD in Detail DVD technology is similar to CD technology but uses a different recording method that allows a disc to store considerably more material up to 17 gigabytes GB per disc Comparison of DVD and CD Specifications DVD cD Diameter 120 mm 120 mm Track distance 0 74 microns 1 6 microns Pit length 0 4 microns 834 microns Laser wavelength 635
36. value can come from another variable a constant or a built in function Syntax variable variable constant function Examples A B A 5 A getAudioStream Operators With Assignment Addition Adds the value from the right to the variable on the left Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 7 Q Using Scripts 10 104 Chapter 5 Subtraction Subtracts the value on the right from the variable on the left Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 3 Multiplication Multiplies the variable on the left by the value on the right stores the result in the variable on the left Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 8 Division Divides the variable on the left by the value on the right stores the result in the variable on the left The result is truncated to an integer A division by zero results in FFFF or 65535 Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 19 Modulo Divides the variable on the left by the value on the right stores what s left over modulo in the variable on the left Syntax variable variable constant Examples B A o A A Il N O Bit wise And Does a bit wise and operation with the two operands Syntax variable amp variable constant Examples A amp B A amp 6532 Bit wise Or Does a bit wise or o
37. you can change the name in the disc properties in the NVRAM at the address specified Syntax poke address Example poke 33 pokeAll This command stores the values of all global variables by default these variables are named A through H you can change the name in the disc properties in the NVRAM A is stored in the address specified B is stored in the next address and so on Syntax pokeAll address Example pokeAll 33 peek This command retrieves the value from the NVRAM address specified and writes it to the corresponding global variable For example if you store variables A H in addresses 33 40 and you use the command peek 34 the command retrieves the value of address 34 and writes it to variable B Syntax peek address Example peek 33 peekAll This command retrieves the contents of eight sequential addresses beginning with the address specified and writes the contents in the same order in the global variables A H Syntax peekall address Example peekAll 33 Important To avoid loss of information after using the poke or pokeAl1 command instruct the player to wait at least one second before using it again The player needs this time to store the information safely Using Scripts 111 112 Chapter 5 Determining Whether NVRAM Is Available You can use this simple test procedure to find out whether NVRAM is active Script 1 writes the value 5 into the NVRAM at address 33 S
38. 134 136 multi channel playback 134 135 stereo playback 134 139 Play button 55 play command 108 playing items AC 3 streams 136 objects 108 projects 54 55 tracks 108 pokeAll command 111 poke command 110 preferences Apple DVD Player 54 setting 68 subtitles 90 Preferences dialog box 68 preprocessing settings 133 pre script 99 107 Pre Script property 81 previewing items angles 25 68 on external monitor 115 procedure for 114 115 projects 24 43 52 68 real time multiplexing technique 113 region codes and 68 Preview Mode debugging in 116 117 described 71 limitations of 115 problems with 114 starting 24 startup actions and 80 using 113 115 Preview window 92 114 Previous Track key 114 problems See troubleshooting procedures 107 PROF folder 110 Progress window 53 122 projects adding assets to 19 20 adding Web links to 48 50 basic components of 17 building 53123 124 component links in 72 connections between elements in 83 description files 83 119 dividing into multiple tracks 59 getting information about 83119 120 linking items in 39 41 linking Photoshop files to 64 navigating through 114 115 playing 54 55 previewing 24 43 52 68 saving 22 size of 69 73 79 starting new subtitle project 91 93 testing 5254 55 Project View 74 75 illustrated 18 incomplete items in 121 working with items 74 working with languages 87 88 Project View windows 71 properties See also specific properties assigning 77 82 changing
39. 18 Finding Unassigned Asset Files 119 Getting Information About Your Project 119 Using Project Description Files 119 Using the Log Window 120 Building Your Project 121 Tracking the Multiplexing Process 122 Solving Multiplexing Problems 122 Creating Your Disc 123 Appendix A Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 125 What Is A Pack 125 Creating AC 3 An Overview 125 Using A Pack for Encoding 127 Opening A Pack 128 Converting to AC 3 Format Using the Instant Encoder 128 Converting to AC 3 Format in Batches 129 Specifying Encoding Settings 131 Using A Pack for Playback and Decoding 134 Setting Up Stereo Playback 134 Setting Up Multi Channel Playback 134 Playing an AC 3 Stream 136 Decoding an AC 3 Stream 136 Getting Information 137 Options for Spatial Mixing 138 Using the Center Channel 138 Using Surround Channels 138 Limitations of the LFE Channel Versus the Subwoofer Signal 138 Accommodating Stereo Playback 139 Contents 7 Appendix B More About DVD 141 DVD in Detail 141 Comparison of DVD and CD 141 Disc Types and Capacities 142 Physical Formats 143 Logical Formats 143 Video in DVD Video 144 Audio in DVD Video 145 DVD Audio Compatibility 148 Subtitles in DVD Video 148 Text in DVD Video 148 Navigation on a DVD Video 149 File Structure of a DVD Video 150 Copy Protection and Region Coding 150 Specifications for DVD Compliance 152 Video 152 Audio 153 How the Technology Works 154 About Macrovision Copy Protection 155 Index 15
40. 2 j Without overlay Untitled Button With overlay Close the menu editor DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 47 48 Chapter 1 a Bh Q N Adding Subtitles You can create subtitle streams for your video streams and position them at precise points using the Subtitle Editor For this project you will use two streams that are already prepared For more information on creating subtitles see Chapter 4 Working With Languages and Subtitles on page 87 Important Interactive markers are created using the subtitle feature of DVD players so you cannot combine subtitles and interactive markers within one track Click the subtitle icon on the Views track Choose New Subtitle from the Item menu Using the Property Inspector change the subtitle s name to English subtitle In the General area choose English spu from the Asset pop up menu Choose English from the Language pop up menu Estimated Size 17 55 MBytes z English spu Language English Make a second subtitle named German subtitle and set its asset to German spu and its language to German When you play your DVD and click the Subtitle key on the remote control you can switch back and forth between English and German subtitles Adding Web Links to Your Project DVD Studio Pro allows you to add Web links to a DVD project Web links work when a DVD is played on a computer This feature called DVD CCESS can be attached to any tra
41. 2 pixels inch O Constrain Proportions Building Menus in Multiple Languages With DVD Studio Pro your project can offer menus in multiple languages The viewer selects a language using the player s setup menu and the player automatically displays the menus for that language DVD Studio Pro creates a menu for each language you create in the project If you are using still menus you need a separate Photoshop file for each language and all files must have the identical layer structure and layer names If you are using motion menus you can assign the same video stream for each language or different streams for different languages Preparing Source Material 65 66 Chapter 2 Preparing Subtitles Each track on a DVD Video disc can contain up to 32 subtitle streams each of which can be associated with a language or used to present supplemental material With the DVD Studio Pro Subtitle Editor application you can enter format and synchronize your subtitles with the video material then save them as subtitle streams The Subtitle Editor uses QuickTime video or audio streams as source material For complete instructions on creating and editing subtitles see Chapter 4 Working With Languages and Subtitles CHAPTER Using DVD Studio Pro When you start a new DVD project you need to set certain preferences and disc properties before you begin working with your assets After you have set those preferences and imported you
42. 45 copy protecting 151 described 143 file structure 150 navigating 149 150 standard for 101 subtitles in 148 text in 148 DVD Video players 102 148 editors See also specific editors 82 Enable NVRAM option 68 encoders hardware encoders 59 Instant Encoder 127128 129 131 MPEG encoders 10 12 software encoders 59 encoding A Pack 127 133 audio 12127 133 problems with 123 video 1259 62 Enter key 114 equal operator 109 equal sign 102 errors asset import errors 120 bad encoded video 123 while building discs 122 data rate too high 122 disc build errors 120 finding 117 Found VOBU 122 insufficient space 121 in Log window 118 multiplexing 122 123 Estimated Size property 79 exitScript command 107 Expand all Properties command 78 exporting files 60 61 F field dominance 60 files See also Photoshop files asset files 83 118 assigned to assets 119 BUP files 150 creating for channels 126 description files 83 119 exporting 60 61 flattening 63 IFO files 150 importing 95 INFO ID file 110 multiplexed files 13 Read Me file 11 14 VOB files 150 Final Cut Pro 12 5860 61 Find command 93 finding items 83118 119 flattened files 63 flattened layers 63 Index 161 162 Index Format Disc window 123 formats AC 3 62125 131 audio 153 154 audio streams 62 DVD 143 DVD audio 143145 148 MPEG 59 62 PCM 62 PICT 65 psd 63 TV 63 video 58 Found VOBU error 122 4 3 aspect
43. 650 nm 780 790 nm Speed 3 49 m s 1 2 1 4 m s Maximum data speed 11 08 Mbps 1 536 Mbps 141 142 Appendix B The basic bit rate of a DVD is 1200 kilobits per second Kbps 8 times that of a 1x CD ROM at 150 Kbps A single sided single layered DVD has a maximum storage capacity of 66 8 minutes A typical 2x DVD ROM drive performs at levels comparable to the fastest standard CD drives DVD speed Bit rate Kbps CD speed Tx 1200 8x 2x 2450 16x A DVD has the same physical dimensions as a CD but unlike a CD it has two sides two 0 6 mm thick discs glued together back to back Also each side of a DVD can contain two layers of data one on top of the other By refocusing the read laser to a lower depth a DVD player can read through the top layer to retrieve the data from the lower layer Disc Types and Capacities To achieve a high data capacity DVD packs many digital pits on its surface The pits are smaller and closer together than on a CD and the space between rings of pits is also smaller The DVD player uses shorter wavelength lasers for reading Accuracy is also enhanced because the laser has to penetrate only half the thickness of plastic to read the data On a dual layer disc one layer is semi transparent which reduces the reflectivity and readability of both layers Therefore dual layer discs are recorded less densely than single layer discs A dual layer disc stores 8 5 GB a single layer disc stores
44. 7 8 Contents PREFACE Getting Started With DVD Studio Pro What Is DVD Studio Pro DVD Studio Pro is software for authoring DVD Video discs It works with audio video graphics and text materials that you have already created and edited and orchestrates them into a DVD that can be played on a DVD player or a suitably equipped computer DVD Studio Pro is both powerful and easy to use If you have used such production tools as Final Cut Pro Adobe Photoshop Media100 or Media Cleaner DVD Studio Pro is easy to learn You can use it to construct sophisticated training material or prepare a motion picture for release on DVD When you install DVD Studio Pro you have access to the following tools in addition to the DVD authoring software to help you prepare your material learn the program and view your DVD QuickTime MPEG Encoder for encoding video to MPEG 2 streams a Apple A Pack for encoding audio in Dolby Digitale AC 3 format m Subtitle Editor STE for creating and importing subtitle streams Tutorial files for creating a DVD project with prepared files to help you learn the program m Apple DVD Player for playing your finished project on the computer as if it were a physical DVD Read this preface for system requirements a brief overview of the DVD authoring process and resources for learning more about the program Then work through the tutorial in Chapter 1 to learn the basics of DVD Studio Pro 10 Prefa
45. Audio Settings m Target System A Pack limits available settings to those appropriate for the target system If you re encoding for use with DVD Studio Pro choose DVD Video a Audio Coding Mode Specifies audio channels of the encoded stream For example 3 1 L C R S means three front channels left center right and one rear channel surround Affects settings such as the available bandwidth and surround channel preprocessing C 1 0 Ci zoa T s oa c r fel 2 1 R 9 fi 3 1 a c r 9 F 2 2 L R Ls Rs e 3 2 L C R Ls Rs a Enable Low Frequency Effects Includes the LFE channel in the encoded stream Not available for mono or stereo Data Rate Choices depend on coding mode and target system The higher the rate the better the quality AC 3 streams have a constant data rate At 448 Kbps which is the default for 5 1 encoding one minute of AC 3 audio takes about 3 3 MB of storage space a Dialog Normalization Specifies the average volume of the dialog in your sound files relative to full modulation The playback device uses this information to maintain similar volume among different AC 3 streams m Bit Stream Mode Defines the purpose of the encoded audio material The information is included in the finished stream and can be read by some decoding systems Options in the Bit Stream Mode menu v Complete Main Music and Effects Visually Impaired Hearing Impaired Dialog Commentary Emer
46. Bsekeround to select separate items To see an item s properties Select the item If necessary choose Property Inspector from the Windows menu to see the Property Inspector To see the disc properties Click an empty area of the workspace To collapse or expand all the properties of all the items of a selected type for example all menus Select an item and choose Collapse all Properties or Expand all Properties from the Item menu To copy and paste properties to another item Select the item whose properties you want to copy then choose Copy Properties from the Edit menu Select the target item and choose Paste Properties from the Edit menu In the list that appears choose the properties to paste and click OK Only properties that can be pasted appear in the list The individual sections of the Property Inspector in which you specify item settings are known as areas The following sections describe some of these in detail Disc area Property Inspector ae m Name This name is for your use It does not have to match the filename of the project on your hard disk and it is not included on the final DVD m Label You can assign a Finder label to the disc Comment You can enter information or reminders here m Estimated Size DVD Studio Pro estimates the size of the completed disc based on the assets you have assigned so far General area Property Inspector Re
47. DVD Studio Pro Users Manual Includes instructions for installing and using your software Apple Computer Inc 2001 Apple Computer Inc All rights reserved Under the copyright laws this manual may not be copied in whole or in part without the written consent of Apple Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc registered in the U S and other countries Use of the keyboard Apple logo Option Shift K for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate Apple is not responsible for printing or clerical errors Apple Computer Inc 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino CA 95014 2084 408 996 1010 http www apple com Apple the Apple logo Final Cut Pro FireWire Mac Macintosh and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer Inc registered in the U S and other countries DVD Studio Pro and Finder are trademarks of Apple Computer Inc Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated or its subsidiaries and may be registered in certain jurisdictions Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies Mention of third party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes ne
48. For example The first line must be written as B getAudioStream if A B then nop The second line must be stated as A B At C This code is not allowed if A getAudioStream then nop A B C Script Reference Conventions In this scripting reference the eight registers available for scripting are called variables Variable stands for one of your variables Constant stands for an integer value between 0 and 65535 Function stands for any of the built in functions Items enclosed in square brackets are options For example the following code means that you can either use a variable or a constant after the sign variable variable constant Numbers There are three ways to enter numbers in scripts Decimal numbers are written directlyin A 10 the script Hexadecimal numbers must begin witha A FFE3 dollar sign Binary numbers have a leading A 00011101 percentage sign Labels Any line in a script can have a label associated with it You can jump to a label with the gotoLabel command A label must begin with a letter Example label A 5 Comments A line with a sign at the beginning is not executed You can use these lines to write notes about the script or to disable certain lines of the script Example This is a comment Functions and Commands Operators Assignment Assigns the value on the right to the variable on the left The
49. Language 1 Audio Language 2 i Audio Language 3 Audio Language 4 Audio Language 5 Audio Language 6 Audio Language 7 Audio Language 8 The Subtitle Editor The Subtitle Editor STE for short is an easy way to create subtitle streams for your video streams With the Subtitle Editor you can navigate through a source movie listen to its dialog and precisely position subtitles You can also import previously prepared subtitle text generated by an editing system or a subtitling service bureau Preparing Source Material for Subtitles Before you can create subtitles you need a movie in a QuickTime compatible format for each segment of video and audio that you want to create subtitles for Your project won t use the movie itself so you can save storage space by preparing a low resolution version If you are just transcribing dialog into subtitles for example you can use an audio track or convert a PCM audio stream to QuickTime Working With Languages and Subtitles 89 Setting Preferences for the Subtitle Editor You can specify the default actions of the Subtitle Editor by choosing Preferences from the File menu Preferences Startup Action New Project Q Open Project Q Do Nothing M Ask before deleting an Entry cancer Cox To edit the names and colors that appear in the color menu of the subtitle editor 1 Click Color Menu Settings 2 Inthe Color Menu Settings dia
50. Material 63 coo Use empty layers named with a hyphen as dividers to organize the Layers palette They appear as menu dividers in the DVD Studio Pro Layer menu Preserve Transparency 4 Layers Selected Button 1 Highlight Button 1 Button 2 Highlight Button 2 Button 3 Highlight Button 3 Glow for logo Logo Blue Gradient Empty layers named with a hyphen in the Photoshop file appear as dividers in the Layer menu m Make horizontal lines taller than 1 pixel so they won t flicker on TV screens Consider various shapes for your highlighted buttons they don t have to be rectangles Beo n Guus TEemononey Sample button highlights Normal state buttons that are always visible can be merged with the background layer That way you ll only need a separate layer for the highlighted and activated state of each button Ifyou link a Photoshop file to a DVD Studio Pro project and then later reorder or add layers to the file DVD Studio Pro can relink layers to their assigned buttons or menu as long as the layer names are the same Creating Video for Motion Menus In a motion menu each button may appear to include a segment of video In fact a motion menu is made up of a single video segment To create an illusion in which some parts of the menu appear still while other parts appear to move you need to create a composited video
51. N A Peak Mixing Level N A To get information about operations results and errors You use the Log window to see information about operations results and errors that occur while using A Pack To open the Log window Choose Log Window from the Window menu eee A Pack 1 0 log cleared on Tue Nov 14 2000 10 00 31 AM 10 01 10 AM ENCODING Heartland AC3 10 02 28 AM ENCODING FINISHED SUCCESSFULLY Heartland AC3 Encoded 3250 AC 3 frames Channel coupling occured at 14718 75 Hz The channel bandwidth was 20343 75 Hz End of info Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 137 138 Appendix A Options for Spatial Mixing This section offers some additional insights and suggestions for using the channels in a Dolby Digital program Using the Center Channel In a multi channel system there are three ways to achieve a centrally placed sound image Each approach offers advantages and drawbacks Create a phantom center mix sound to the left and right equally as with stereo Well understood but assumes the listener is seated exactly between the speakers not possible in automobiles and not always the case in homes The timbre of sound is not the same as from a direct speaker because of cross cancellation effects a Use the center channel alone Creates a stable center image for listeners in any location To prevent it from sounding too focused or narrow its reverb can be spread to th
52. Title Goes to the main menu of the DVD Video project A disc is required to have one and only one title menu Root called Menu in the Property Inspector Goes to the main menu for a single title set of a disc A title set is required to have one and only one root menu m Track Displays a selection of the individual clips in a title set Optional a Audio Allows viewers to change to another audio stream for example from English to German Optional m Subtitle Allows viewers to choose subtitles Optional m Return Usually goes back to the item that was playing before the viewer displayed a menu Views Available in DVD Studio Pro The DVD Studio Pro workspace has several views and windows to represent the facets of your project The workspace is flexible you can open as many or as few windows as you like and move the windows anywhere on your screen Items in the DVD Studio Pro workspace are color coded menus and their assets are blue tracks are green slideshows are gray and scripts are orange a The Graphical View Represents your project as tiles and shows the links among items a The Project View windows Hold the pieces of your project in folder like containers accessible by tabs The Property Inspector Shows the information and settings belonging to a selected item Editors Special windows for creating menus markers slideshows and scripts a Matrix Views Allow you to link items together efficiently m Prev
53. Track Plays the track from the start play Marker Plays the track starting from the marker myMarker of Track myTrack play Menu Evaluates all the selection conditions play Button When this menu appears this button is selected Overrides selection conditions normally assigned to the button play Script Calls that script stopping the execution of the current script Syntax play object Examples play Track myTrack play Marker myMarker of Track myTrack play Menu MyMenu play Button myButton of Menu myMenu play Script myScript A getLastItem if A Menu shell step 01 Menu then play Button lstep of Menu 5T84 Control Structures if then Syntax if variable operator variable constant then assignment procedure command The if clause enables comparisons and the execution of commands based on the result of comparisons Several operators are available for the if clause Equal This operator compares the values on both sides of the operator and executes the then condition if they are equal Syntax variable variable constant Example if A B then nop Not Equal This operator compares the values on both sides of the operator and executes the then condition if they are not equal Syntax variable variable constant Example if A B then play Track myTrack Using Scripts 109 110
54. Video with a remote control According to the standard the remote control must provide certain basic functions Basic functions of a DVD Bebe remote control Ht gt u enu Return The user can stop pause the video at any time and call up menus to change the current selection Menus can also lead directly to specific chapters to an index and so on There are two distinct types of menus on a DVD Video system menus and in title menus These types have no design differences System Menus System menus are required for every language supported by the DVD Video title They define the basic structure of the DVD Video The player tries to display the menu corresponding to the language the player has been set to use If it does not find a corresponding menu it displays the first menu Several types of menus can be accessed directly with a remote control key m Title The main menus of the DVD Video disc Exactly one title menu is mandatory for both the disc and the player Root Every title set of a disc has a set of submenus The root menu is the main menu for one of these title sets Like the title menu it is mandatory both for the player and the disc m Track This optional menu displays a selection of the individual clips in a title set a Audio This optional menu allows the viewer to switch to another audio stream for example from English to German m Subtitle This optional menu allows the viewer to cho
55. Views The Matrix Views show assets jumps or layers across the top and containers along the left A right pointing arrow indicates a collapsed container a downward pointing arrow indicates an expanded one Gray dots indicate assignments within a collapsed container Black dots indicate assignments within an open one A container must be open to change its assignments To open a Matrix View m Select a disc or menu and choose a command from the Matrix menu The commands in the menu change depending on what you ve selected Using DVD Studio Pro 83 To expand or collapse a container Click the arrow to the left of the container To assign an asset to a menu or track 1 Make sure the container is expanded the arrow to the left points down 2 Click to place a dot at the intersection of the asset column and the container row To uncouple an asset from a menu or track Make sure the container is expanded the arrow to the left points down 2 Click to remove the dot at the intersection of the asset column and the container row Asset Matrix The Asset Matrix shows assets video audio and subtitle streams across the top and containers menus and tracks down the side Asset Matrix of Disc Tutorial Completed 84 Chapter 3 Jump Matrix The Jump Matrix shows possible jump actions along the top and containers disc menus buttons tracks and so on along the side Jump Matrix of Disc Tutorial Completed pe Cid Ci
56. a rate can range from 64 to 1536 Mbps Possible channel combinations are 1 0 2 0 3 0 2 1 2 2 and 3 2 plus the subwoofer DTS playback requires special hardware Further information on DTS is available at this Web site www dtstech com SDDS Sony Dynamic Digital Sound This format is based on the ATRAC compression algorithm It provides 5 1 or 7 1 channels and was developed for theatres The sampling rate is 48 kHz and the maximum data rate is 1280 Mbps No current DVD systems use SDDS for DVD Video Comparison of DVD Audio Formats Linear Dolby MPEG 1 MPEG 2 PCM AC 3 audio audio DTS SDDS Sample frequency 48 96 32 44 1 48 48 48 48 48 kHz Resolution bits 16 20 24 compr compr compr compr compr Maximum bit rate 6144 448 384 912 1536 1280 bps Maximum number 8 5 1 2 7 1 5 1 7 1 of channels el 1 1 describes the additional subwoofer channel which usually has a smaller bandwidth than the other channels More AboutDVD 147 148 Appendix B DVD Audio Compatibility DVD Audio players can access the audio data of a DVD Video You can create a DVD Video that is also compatible with DVD Audio players Subtitles in DVD Video DVD Video supports up to 32 subtitle streams per video track This feature is used primarily for displaying the text of the movie in alternate languages or for closed captioning for the hearing impaired Subtitles can be created in any color or font They are encoded as bitmapped graph
57. al changes in your project using the search and replace functions of a text editor use the file as a template from which to create new projects set up a database or other custom application to create description files opening the possibility of semi automated custom DVD production advanced To create a description of your current project Choose Save Description from the File menu and select a location and name To start a new project using a description Choose Load Description from the File menu and locate the file you want To edit a description file Open and change the file in a text editor Previewing Testing and Building YourDVD 119 Using the Log Window The Log window displays useful information about the workings of DVD Studio Pro including m status messages copy protection details m disc build errors Ifan error occurs while you re building your disc the Log window opens For more information about error messages see Solving Multiplexing Problems on page 122 m asset import errors If you try to import assets with invalid formats the Log window explains the error item descriptions You can see a text description of any selected item in your project This information is in the same format as the project description file You can copy the information to the Clipboard for use in a project description file x Log Button Untitled Button f Button label comment m i Dimensi
58. ames beginning with appear as dividers in the Layer menu Pre Script This property allows you to specify a script to run before an item begins playing Using DVD Studio Pro 81 82 Chapter 3 Remote Control Specifies the actions of remote control keys when the item is playing Actions you choose for markers override actions you choose for tracks which in turn override actions you choose for the disc as a whole Selection Condition Highlights the selected button instead of the default one if a chosen track audio stream or subtitle stream was playing just before this button s menu appeared In the menu tracks are specified by name and audio or subtitle streams by number based on the item order in the container The Editors Besides the main workspace windows in DVD Studio Pro smaller more task specific windows are available when you are working with menus markers scripts and slideshows The appearance of the editor depends on the kind of asset you are working with a Wy Fist VD Menus Main Menu Graphical View E eas Untitied Button The menu editor To open an item s editor Double click the item or its thumbnail area Preview Mode You can preview your project at any time without waiting for it to be multiplexed See Chapter 6 Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD on page 113 for more information about Preview Mode Troubleshooting Windows DVD Studio Pro i
59. and 114 uncoupling from menus 84 uncoupling from tracks 84 Assets container 20 illustrated 18 assignment operator 103 ATRAC compression algorithm 147 audio A Pack software 125 139 capturing 58 compression 146 creating tracks for 22 24 Dolby Digital 5 1 126 DVD audio 145 148 encoding 12 62 formats 62153 154 mixing 126 NTSC formats 145 PAL formats 145 PCM audio 62 146 153 preparing content 62 recording 126 resolution 58 sample rate 58 settings 132 specifications 153 154 stereo plus center 126 surround sound 126 135 138 139 audio elementary streams 59 audio icon 24 Audio key 70 Audio Language properties 89 audio menus 149 audio streams changing 70 current number 105 multiple language 89 number of 107 slideshows and 62 switching between 24 Audio Streams container 23 24 audio tracks See tracks Automatic Gain Control AGC technology 154 bad encoded video error 123 batches converting to AC 3 format 129 131 B Frames Bidirectional Predicted Frames 145 Bidirectional Predicted Frames B Frames 145 bit stream settings 132 133 bit wise and operator 105 bit wise exclusive or operator 105 bit wise or operator 105 Build amp Format Disc command 110 123 Build Disc command 53 121 build errors 120 building projects 53123 124 BUP files 150 Button Link property 81 Buttons 29 buttons See also specific buttons actions for 39 40 adding to still menus 29 appearance of 30 31
60. ce System Requirements You need the following hardware and software to use DVD Studio Pro Hardware Requirements Computer with a G4 processor and an Apple supplied AGP graphics card m 128 megabytes MB of random access memory RAM a DVD drive a Display software and hardware capable of 1024 x 768 pixels at thousands or millions of colors a for writing to disc DVD R recorder DVD RAM drive or DIT tape drive You should have at least twice as much hard disk storage space as the size of your project For DVD 5 for example you need 5 gigabytes GB for the source files and another 5 GB to hold the multiplexed project For best multiplexing performance dedicate two or three Ultra Wide A V or FireWire hard disks to your project make sure they contain only your media and no other programs that might fragment the disk and decrease performance If you have three disks use one for video assets one for audio assets and the third for the finished files If you have two disks use one for source assets and one for final files Software Requirements a Mac OS 9 0 4 0r 9 1 QuickTime Pro 4 1 or later included on the DVD Studio Pro CD a Apple DVD Player 2 3 or later installed with the DVD Studio Pro software Edited video and audio files in MPEG or AC 3 format or video creation and editing software such as Final Cut Pro or any video and audio editing programs that support QuickTime and its component technology MPEG encoding so
61. ck menu or slideshow Although you can t directly attach a link to a button you can achieve the same effect by linking the button to a menu with its ccess Access property set Note If you use DVD CCESS links in your DVD installers for those links are included on the final disc when you build it Depending on the kind of computer you are using to play your DVD you may need to install the installers for the Web links to work For this project you ll create a menu that lets the viewer know that the Web browser is opening and loading the specified URL You ll link this menu to a button on the main menu Add a new menu to your project by dragging the asset Still menus psd from the Assets container to the Graphical View Name the menu Online Double click the thumbnail area to open the menu editor In the Picture area click Layers always visible and select the layers shown below Layers lways visible ee es Pa bodvtext Hold down the Command key to select noncontiguous files In the menu editor move and resize the default button to enclose the Back graphic Select the button Name the button Back In the Display area of the Property Inspector set the selected state of the button to Back Button selected and the activated state to Back Button activated Normal State No s Selected Selected State ETS e No Layers Selected i _ No Layer Action button selected
62. ck click the Return key m Click the Menu or Disc key to jump to the Main Menu at any time Use the Audio and Angle keys to switch to alternate audio streams or angles 3 Click the Stop key when you want to exit Preview Mode Oo o o o TA Disc Arrow keys Stop key You have now completed the first part of this tutorial To learn more about the features of DVD Studio Pro continue with Expanding Your DVD next Expanding Your DVD In this section of the tutorial you will continue working on the basic DVD project you created in the first part of this chapter If you prefer to start a new project close the project you currently have open then choose New from the File menu Creating a Story A story is a collection of markers that play in a particular order To create a story you first create the markers you want to use in the story Then you move the markers that indicate the beginning of each clip that you want to use to the Stories Folder The markers that indicate the ending point of the clip need to be created in the track but they are not included in the Stories Folder Unlike a standalone marker a marker in a story plays only until the next marker in a track is reached even if that marker is not used in the story For this project you will create a story using the OffBeat Scenes track The OffBeat Scenes track already contains four markers You will add four new markers to this track that will mark the end of
63. cript 2 sets variable A to 0 and then reads the value in address 33 and stores it in variable A If the value remains at 0 then NVRAM is not available Create two simple menu graphics and name them NVRAM installed and NVRAM not installed Create two scripts Script 1 storing A in the NVRAM A 5 Poke 33 Script 2 retrieving value of location 33 and storing it in variable A A 0 Peek 33 if A 0 then play menu NVRAM not installed play menu NVRAM installed 3 Assign the scripts to a menu 4 Preview the menu CHAPTER Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD As you create your DVD you may find it useful to check your work DVD Studio Pro includes technology that lets you see hear and interact with your DVD project before you spend time building it A debugging feature helps you locate any linking mistakes DVD Studio Pro uses a special real time multiplexing technique that makes it possible to preview without waiting for the project to be multiplexed This method of previewing uses no simulation so what you see is exactly what will appear on your final DVD with one exception because of the overhead involved you may notice slight glitches during previewing These glitches will not appear in the finished DVD When you re finished putting together and testing your project you build it by combining the files in a process called multiplexing The finished product is a folder called VIDEO_TS that contains all the info
64. d Cid Cid Cid chard F 7 nmm of ddd Ged ddd dd E Ls Using DVD Studio Pro 85 Chapter 3 Layer Matrix The Layer Matrix shows the layers of a Photoshop file along the top and the button states normal selected and activated along the side Note If you arrange the layers in your Photoshop files in a logical order you will see patterns in the Layer Matrix that can help you spot mistakes Layer Matrix of Menu Main Menu CHAP Working With Languages and Subtitles Working With Languages DVD Studio Pro automatically creates one untitled language in a new project The Languages container includes a container for this language and for each additional language you define in your project You can assign up to 16 languages Languages can be added at any point in the creation of a project but it s most convenient to assign them at the beginning To assign a new language Click the Languages tab Choose New Language from the Item menu Select the language you ve just assigned In the Property Inspector name the language and choose one of the DVD standard languages from the Language pop up menu Property Inspector 87 Chapter 4 Each language on a disc must have its own menu assets DVD Studio Pro automatically adds a container for the new language to each menu item and adds a property for the language to the Pictures and Audio areas of the menu properties Property Inspector Language choice
65. e Select the jobs and set encoding parameters Your settings will apply to all selected jobs To import settings for jobs in a batch Select the jobs and choose Import Settings from the File menu To export settings of a job in a batch Select a job and choose Export Settings from the File menu When you create a new job for encoding or change the settings for a job a red checkmark appears to the right of the Set Output button When encoding is finished the checkmark disappears To manually flag or unflag a job do one of the following m Click the flag column To change all jobs in the list hold down the Option key and click Click the flag column to flag or unflag a job sonar z D 2 F credits acz Set Output gt 3 F output acs Set output m Select the job and choose Mark Done or Mark Not Done from the Batch menu To encode several batches at once Choose Encode Multiple from the Batch menu to encode all currently open batch lists Specifying Encoding Settings A Pack uses default settings to encode files Most of the time these settings should be adequate for your needs but you can change them in the settings panels To view and specify settings in the Instant Encoder Click the downward pointing triangle in the upper right corner of the window To specify settings in batch mode m Select a job or jobs and change settings in the panel to the right Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 131
66. e L R channels a Use all three front channels equally or in various proportions Allows greater control of the range of spatial depth and width The phantom center can be reinforced by additional signals in the center channel The center channel can be enhanced by signal spread into the L R pair The disadvantage is that sound from all three speakers may not blend well or may not arrive at the listener all at the same time causing side effects such as comb filtering shifts in tone color or smearing To counteract these side effects the additional signals can first be processed to change their spatial character timbre or prominence relative to the main center signal Using Surround Channels Subtle surround effects can greatly enhance the listener s sense of depth compared to conventional stereo Popular music often benefits from creative use of surround But don t overdo it The film industry guideline don t use the surrounds to distract the listeners from the story also works well for music Limitations of the LFE Channel Versus the Subwoofer Signal The LFE channel is a separate limited frequency range signal created by the mixing engineer and delivered alongside the main channels in the mix A brickwall filter at 120 Hz in the Dolby Digital encoder limits its use to the bottom two audible octaves Dolby recommends limiting the signal to 80 Hz in the console to ensure uniformity In most music productions with such exc
67. e a file in the dialog box that appears Drag an individual file to a channel m Drag a set of files with the proper suffixes to the channel selection area Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 129 130 Appendix A ol o on oO If you label your files with the suffixes listed here A Pack automatically assigns each file to the correct surround position when you drag multiple files to the Instant Encoder aL left front m R right front m C center front a Ls left rear a Rs right rear m LFE or SUB subwoofer If you assign any source files with multiple channels use the pop up menu to select the channels you want Click Set Output and specify a name for the AC 3 stream for this job only If you want specify encoding settings for this job For information about settings see Specifying Encoding Settings beginning on page 131 To reduce workspace clutter click the triangle to collapse the settings for this job To add the next job click New and repeat steps 2 6 When you re finished click Encode Select a folder for the encoded streams A status window appears while the batch is being processed batch Processing IntroAC3 Encoding 00 19 Output File Intro AC3 Settings 3 2 LFE 448 kbps Performance 1 06x Real Time To change the order of jobs in a batch Drag a job to a new position in the window To set parameters for several jobs at onc
68. e editor window Choose from menus to automatically enter commands and names of items in your project Commands _gotoa label gt o Assignments if then Compares gt do nothing Functions gt stop playback return from menu set audio stream number set subtitle stream number if A 1 then A 1 set angle 3 Click OK or close the script editor to format the script 98 Chapter 5 Assigning Scripts Once you create a script you can assign it as the action for a button track menu marker story slideshow or remote control key To assign a script 1 Create the script 2 Select the item to which you want to assign the script 3 Inthe Property Inspector choose the script from the appropriate pop up menu Property Inspector not set Wait after Playback Random Play Action Calculator Jump when finished Desired La ge User Operations Macrovision You can assign scripts to control the following types of actions m Apre script runs before its assigned item is displayed A timeout action runs if the viewer does not choose an option within a preset period of time m A script assigned to a remote control key runs if the viewer clicks that key m An action runs when an item such as a button or menu is displayed or activated Using Scripts 99 100 Chapter 5 Assigning Global Variables for Scripts You can create and name up to eight global variables also called GPRMs for scrip
69. e for these properties in the Property Inspector s action menus These choices are always the same all menus tracks markers stories slideshows slides and scripts you ve created in your project Property Inspector Contents of an action menu DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 39 Linking a Button to a Track Open the Main Menu in the menu editor by double clicking its thumbnail area 2 Select each button and set its Jump when activated property in the Action area of the Property Inspector a Action Scene menu a Crew Crew a Views Views Online Leave this as not set Your adventure is limited only by your imagination Close the menu editor Open the Scene menu in the menu editor and set the Jump when activated actions for its six buttons a Main Menu Main Menu a Next Views Waves OffBeat Scenes Heat OffBeat Scenes Heat a marker m Air OffBeat Scenes Air a marker m Chill OffBeat Scenes Chill a marker 5 Close the menu editor 40 Chapter 1 Jumping Somewhere When a Track Is Finished A DVD often displays a menu after a video has finished playing In your project you ll set the three main items to jump back to the main menu when they are finished Select the OffBeat Scenes track Using the General area of the Property Inspector set the Jump when finished property to Main Menu me tene z ee For the Views track and the Crew slideshow also set the
70. ect an item so that its properties appear in the Property Inspector Click the item To add a new untitled item to a container m Click the tab open the Item menu and choose the command for the new item To reorder items Drag them to new positions in the container Most items are written on the disc in the order specified To open a container in a separate window Drag the container s tab Note Ifyou close a container that is in a separate window that container does not reappear in the Project View window To make the container and its tab reappear close the Project View window and then re open it by choosing Project View from the Windows menu TELECLELE LILY LE LE LE LEU To see labels and comments in the Project View m Drag the size box to expand the window horizontally You can set labels and comments in the Property Inspector To assign or link an item Drag it to another container or to an item within another container For example to assign a sound file to a track drag the sound file from the Assets container to the track s icon in the Tracks container Note When you assign an item DVD Studio Pro creates a link to the item The item itself is not moved or copied Using DVD Studio Pro 75 76 Chapter 3 The Property Inspector The Property Inspector displays the settings and properties of a selected item Properties are organized into areas that can be expanded or collapsed Property Insp
71. ector Different items have different sets of properties Only valid items appear in pop up menus For example if you re working with an item that requires an asset in a particular format only assets in that format appear in the menu Underlined properties and those with pop up menus or text boxes can be assigned or edited Properties with no underlining or menu are for information only Property Inspector f rame e There are three ways to edit or assign a property depending on the kind of property it is m Text properties The property itself for example the item s name is in a text box to indicate it can be changed To change it select it and type in the text box Property Inspector Click a property ina text box to edit it Property Inspector not set pse Ei Demo Track Demo Track Derno Marker Demo Track Demo Story Demo Slideshow Demo Slideshow Demo Slide Using DVD Studio Pro 77 78 Chapter 3 m Properties that allow multiple assignments These properties are underlined and also have a pop up menu You can assign these properties by making multiple choices from the pop up menu or by clicking the name and choosing properties in the list that appears Layers G lways visible es Back button activated Back button activated Back button selected Back button normal po g ENTE Drag or Shift click to select el bodvtext o contiguous items Command click pel
72. ed for now Now is a good time to save your project Choose Save As from the File menu and give it a name Note It s a good idea to save your project periodically throughout this tutorial so that you don t need to repeat sections in case you are interrupted Adding a Track The pieces of video and audio that make up your DVD are held in tracks A track is simply a collection of video audio and subtitles that play as a unit A DVD can have anywhere from 1 to 99 tracks Each track can contain up to 9 video streams angles 8 audio streams different sound tracks 32 subtitle streams and 99 chapter markers and stories Your first track will have one video and two audio streams Click the Add Track button at the bottom of the Graphical View In the Track area of the Property Inspector name the track OffBeat Scenes You can also change the name in the text box on the track tile In the Video area of the Property Inspector choose OffBeat Scenes m2v from the Asset pop up menu The assets available in this pop up menu are those that you imported earlier 4 10 Click the audio icon on the track tile My First DYD Tracks OffBeat Scenes Audio Streams 3 OffBeat Scenes E The track s Audio Streams container opens Choose New Audio Stream from the Item menu Select the Untitled Audio item in the container Then locate the Asset pop up menu in the General area of the Property Inspector and choose OffBeat Sc
73. encoding 153 AC 3 Monitor 134 137 AC 3 streams decoding 136 encoding 128 129 getting information about 137 listening to 134 137 playing 136 action menus 81 Action property 81 actions assigning scripts as 99 button actions 39 40 disc actions 82 finding errors in 117 jump actions 39 81 85 remote control key actions 42 82 specifying 81 startup actions 41 81 timeout actions 52 81 99 track actions 82 addition operator 103 Adobe Photoshop See Photoshop AGC Automatic Gain Control technology 154 AIFF format 62 126 153 Analog Protection System APS 154 155 anamorphic transfer 58 angle icon 25 Angle key 62 angles adding 25 previewing 25 68 switching among 62 Apple DVD Player 9 playing projects with 54 55 preferences 54 software requirements 10 version of 11 Apple DVD Studio Pro Web site 14 APS Analog Protection System 154 155 arrow keys 42 81 96 114 150 157 158 Index ASIO drivers 134 135 ASIO playback hardware 134 135 ASIO Setup window 135 aspect ratio 4 3 aspect ratio 58 16 9 aspect ratio 58 65 audio video capture 58 constraints and 152 settings for 80 asset files 118 119 Asset Files window 83118 119 Asset Matrix 83 84 assets adding by dragging 20 adding with Import command 19 assigning to menus 84 assigning to tracks 84 described 17 displaying in Asset Matrix 84 error checking 118 files assigned to 119 import errors 120 importing 19 20 jumping to asset containers 73 Preview Mode
74. enes AIFF Type the name Example 1 in the Name text box in the Audio Stream area of the Property Inspector In the Language pop up menu in the General area choose English Property Inspector Bislama Byelorussian Cambodian Catalan Chinese Corsican Croatian Czech E Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Instead of using the icons on the track tile you can drag an audio stream directly to a track Select the asset Heartland AC 3 in the Assets container in the Project View and drag it to the OffBeat Scenes track Its name appears in the Asset pop up menu in the Property Inspector Name the new stream Example 2 and choose German from the Language pop up menu The Audio Streams container should look like this Tutorial Tracks OffBeat Scenes Audio Streams 3 DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 23 24 Chapter 1 Previewing Audio Streams You can preview nearly every aspect of a project at any time In this section you will preview the audio streams you just added to the OffBeat Scenes track Select the track Choose Preview Menu from the Item menu or click the Preview button in the lower right corner of the Graphical View Preview Mode starts To switch between the two audio streams click the Audio key at the bottom of the Preview window Click the Stop key to return to the DVD Studio Pro workspace Creating a Multi Angle Track A multi angle track is a track with more than one video stream Despite t
75. enter front C Left rear Ls Right rear Rs Subwoofer LFE or SUB Step 4 Encoding Sound Files In the final step encoding to AC 3 format you select the sound files and assign them to positions in the sound field A Pack does the rest giving you an AC 3 audio stream ready to include on a DVD Using A Pack for Encoding With A Pack you can do the following Convert sound files to Dolby AC 3 format using settings that you specify m Play AC 3 files using the Mac OS Sound Manager or an ASIO sound system connected to your computer Convert AC 3 files to individual channel files or to a downmixed stereo file Converting files is called an encoding job Two or more jobs can be combined into batches which can run unattended The result of encoding is a single AC 3 stream On a 400 MHz computer system encoding takes approximately as long as the length of your sound files a 10 minute track takes about 10 minutes to encode Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 127 128 Appendix A Opening A Pack Before you can use A Pack you need to install register and supply the serial number for DVD Studio Pro Converting to AC 3 Format Using the Instant Encoder When you first open A Pack the Instant Encoder appears You can specify what happens when you open A Pack using the Preferences command in the Edit menu You use the Instant Encoder to encode one AC 3 stream at a time To encode multiple streams see Converting to AC 3 Forma
76. eptions as the famous cannon shots in the 1812 Overture the LFE channel is not necessary The LFE signal is also discarded in the Dolby Digital downmix process so intense bass signals do not stress small stereo systems Be sure not to include vital information in the LFE channel that would be missed in mono stereo or Pro Logic playback Because LFE is separate from other channels its ability to blend with higher frequencies can be affected by filters used to generate the LFE signal To ensure a cohesive audio signal keep the entire signal together in the main channel or channels Avoid creating an LFE channel for material originally produced without one Dolby Digital s five main channels are all full range and the LFE channel does not extend frequency response Dolby Digital decoders offer bass management directing low frequencies to a subwoofer or other suitable speakers An LFE track may interfere with bass management Accommodating Stereo Playback Even with the popularity of 5 1 systems there will always be a need to address stereo reproduction There are three basic ways to do this Prepare a new stereo mix from the original multi track elements using today s conventional stereo mixing sessions m Prepare a studio adjusted downmix from the multi channel mix This takes advantage of the work that has gone into the mixing of the 5 1 channel version It retains flexibility in the exact proportions of each channel represented in
77. eractive markers and 45 48 65 linking 94 locking position 94 margins for 92 preferences 90 preparing 66 89 previewing 25 rendering options 92 selecting multiple 94 source material for 89 starting new project 91 93 unlocking position 94 subtitle streams 95 106 107 subtraction operator 104 subwoofer signal 138 139 surround channels 138 surround sound 126 135 138 139 system menus 149 system requirements 10 T testing items projects 5254 55 text DVD Video 148 properties 77 then condition 109 thumbnail images 72 73 time code button 35 time codes importing subtitles and 95 navigating with 93 selecting subtitles between 94 timeout actions 52 81 99 time play function 100 Time Search Time Play option 80 time search function 100 time values 80 Title key 70 title menus 70 149 title set 70 Track key 70 track menus 149 tracks actions for 82 adding a 22 24 adding angles 25 adding markers 35 36 adding subtitles 48 adding subtitle streams 95 assigning assets 84 buttons on 45 current track 106 described 17 22 dividing projects into multiple tracks 59 linking buttons to 40 motion menus and 62 multi angle tracks 24 26 62 68 playing 108 segmenting 59 thumbnail images 73 uncoupling assets from 84 troubleshooting See also errors encoding problems 123 multiplexing problems 122 123 Preview Mode 114 troubleshooting windows 83 tutorial 15 55 tutorial files 9 16 TV formats 63 TV system specifying defa
78. event RF overmodulation in set top box decoders a Apply Digital Deemphasis Specifies whether input audio data is preemphasized and needs to be deemphasized before encoding Full Bandwidth Channels a Apply Low Pass Filter Turns on a low pass filter with a cut off near the available audio bandwidth that is applied to the main input channels If the digital signal fed to the main input channels does not contain information above the available audio bandwidth you can turn off this filter A Pack will automatically determine the available bandwidth a Apply DC Filter Turns ona DC high pass filter for all input channels as a simple way to remove DC offsets Most mixed audio material is already free of DC offsets a LFE Channel Apply Low Pass Filter Activates a 120 Hz low pass filter to the Low Frequency Effects channel Turn off this filter if the digital signal fed to the LFE s input does not contain information above 120 Hz Surround Channels a Apply 90 Phase Shift Generates multi channel AC 3 streams that can be downmixed in an external 2 channel decoder to create true Dolby Surround compatible output a Apply 3 dB Attenuation Applies a3 dB cut to the surround channels of a multi channel film soundtrack being transferred to a consumer home theater format Cinema surround channels are mixed 3 dB hot higher relative to the front channels to account for cinema amplifier gains Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 133
79. ewing alternate angles on multi angle tracks may slow down preview To preview only the base video stream turn this option off a Enable NVRAM If you are authoring a disc to be used on a Philips Professional DVD Player which has an additional register allowing enhanced scripting make sure this option is on Specify which region code to use during preview For more information see Copy Protection and Region Coding on page 150 Specify a multiplexing option You can increase the speed of multiplexing by about 20 percent by selecting Slow Down Background Tasks This may decrease the performance of other programs while you re building the disc Setting Disc Properties for a New Project Creating your project proceeds more smoothly if you set certain properties for the disc at the outset To set disc properties Select the disc by clicking an empty area of the DVD Studio Pro workspace If it s not already open choose Property Inspector from the Windows menu Click the triangles to expand and collapse the various areas p Property Inspector p Disc Media DYD 4 7 G Number Of Sides One nl Reins Sete gt E css o Startup Action p b Choose specific properties from the pop up menus Some property names such as Region Code are underlined You can click underlined items to assign properties using a list window instead of a pop up menu Note It is especially important to specify settings in the Di
80. ext Line 2 00 00 00 00 TAB 00 00 01 24 TAB mytext1 1 lt P gt my text 1 2 RETURN 00 00 02 00 TAB 00 00 03 24 TAB my text 2 RETURN 00 00 04 00 TAB 00 00 05 24 TAB my text 3 RETURN 00 00 06 00 TAB 00 00 07 24 TAB my text 4 RETURN 00 00 08 00 TAB 00 00 09 24 TAB my text 5S RETURN To import subtitles Choose Import from the File menu then choose Subtitles from the submenu Select the file you want to open Compiling a Subtitle Stream When you re finished creating subtitles you need to compile them into a subtitle stream that can be used in DVD Studio Pro To compile a subtitle stream Choose Compile Project from the File menu Select a location for the file Working With Subtitle Streams in DVD Studio Pro To import a subtitle stream m Drag the stream to the Assets container To add a subtitle stream to a track m In the Project View or Graphical View drag the subtitle stream to the container of the track or track item To create a new subtitle Choose New Subtitle from the Item menu Note When working with a subtitle asset be sure it is assigned a language in the Property Inspector for the subtitle Working With Languages and Subtitles 95 Chapter 4 Keyboard Shortcuts Many of the STE commands can be accessed using the keyboard In addition to the standard commands visible in the menus the STE has these keyboard shortcuts Key command Function Keys on the numeric keypad 0 Rewind
81. ext to Picture Select a Photoshop file to use for this menu by choosing Still menus psd from the Asset pop up menu 5 6 When you use a Photoshop file you can specify that different layers of the file be used for the background of the menu as well as for the different states of the buttons that appear on the menu The layers of the Photoshop file are available in different areas of the Property Inspector Overlay for OffBeat menu Overlay for track buttons Slide 1 Slide 2 Overlay Picture Use Simple Overlay Angle 1 Angle 2 mpy Angle 3 mpy OffBeat menu mpy OffBeat Scenes mpy Activated Set 1 Selected Set 2 In the Main Menu tile double click the rectangle also called the thumbnail area A window called the menu editor opens with one button automatically created Wh First DYD Menus Main Menu Graphical View In the Picture area of the Property Inspector click the underlined property labeled Layers always visible A box appears that displays the available layers in the Photoshop file you are working with Note It s easiest to work with Photoshop layers if you organize the layers according to the button positions in the containers in the Project View First the layers for the background then the layers for Button 1 then the layers for Button 2 and so on If you create empty layers beginning with a hyphen they appear as menu dividers in the Property Inspecto
82. following files Tutorial Assets 20 Chapter 1 Viewing the Properties of an Item Every item in a DVD project has properties and settings that affect its behavior within the project You can view and change most properties using the Property Inspector The Property Inspector always shows the properties of the currently selected item To see the properties of an item m Click the item in any of the DVD Studio Pro windows Note If you don t see the Property Inspector choose it from the Windows menu Property Inspector To see the properties of the entire disc Click an empty area of any DVD Studio Pro window DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 214 22 Chapter 1 Creating a Basic DVD In this part of the tutorial you will create a simple DVD that you can interact with using the Preview Mode of DVD Studio Pro In the second part of the tutorial you will learn how to enhance parts of your project and add additional interactivity to it Setting Disc Properties After importing the assets for your project you need to make some basic settings before you begin adding and creating the different disc elements View the disc properties in the Property Inspector by clicking an empty area of any DVD Studio Pro window Choose the video standard for your menus V Disc Menu Settings Video Standard Aspect Ratio gt ariable Names In the Region Code pop up menu leave the default setting All Regions Select
83. ftware such as the QuickTime MPEG Encoder included with DVD Studio Pro You can also use any MPEG encoder software or hardware based that produces DVD compliant streams Adobe Photoshop version 4 0 or later for creating menus and buttons bh Q N Software Installation and Registration When you install DVD Studio Pro the following items are placed on your hard disk in the DVD Studio Pro folder DVD Studio Pro application m Subtitle Editor application a A Pack application DVD Studio Pro manual in PDF format Read Me file for DVD Studio Pro If necessary Apple DVD Player version 2 3 is also installed The DVD Studio Pro CD also comes with the latest version of QuickTime Pro which must be installed separately Important You need to install and register DVD Studio Pro and QuickTime Pro before you can use the QuickTime MPEG Encoder Installing and Registering DVD Studio Pro To install the DVD Studio Pro software Insert the DVD Studio Pro CD into your CD ROM or DVD ROM drive Open and read the Read Me file for late breaking news Open the DVD Studio Pro Installer and follow the onscreen instructions You need to restart your computer when installation is complete After restarting your computer open the DVD Studio Pro application and enter your registration information and serial number The serial number is on the sleeve of the DVD Studio Pro CD Installing and Registering QuickTime Pro To install QuickTime
84. g a Simple Script DVD Studio Pro supports the DVD Video scripting language which allows you to construct sophisticated interactivity that works on all DVD players In this section you ll add a short script to your project that randomly plays one of four tracks or slideshows This script has two parts The first part generates a random number between 1 and 4 The second part plays a particular item in your project depending on which number is generated Click the Add Script button in the Graphical View 2 Name the script RandomPlay o eee RandomP la Double click the orange script tile to open the script editor Type this script exactly as shown if you used different names for your items type the names you used A 4 if A 1 then play track OffBeat Scenes if A 2 then play track Views if A 3 then play slideshow Crew if A 4 then play story Highlights Of track OffBeat Scenes Script of RandomPlay fe Scripts Menus Tracks _Slideshows v Variables Helpers then play track OffBeat Scenes then play track Views l nune Mnn PWN then play slideshow Crew then play story Highlights Of track OffBeat Scenes 5 Click OK when you re finished DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 51 52 Chapter 1 Setting a Timeout Action Any menu can have a timeout action assigned to it something that happens if the viewer doesn t make a choice on the remote control for a
85. gency Voice Over Karaoke Bit Stream Settings These settings are stored in the finished stream for use by the playback device Leave them at their default values unless you have a specific technical reason for changing them a Center Downmix Surround Downmix If your encoded audio has these channels but the player does not the channels are mixed into the stereo output at the specified level a Dolby Surround Mode When encoding in 2 0 stereo mode specifies whether the signal uses Dolby Surround Pro Logic a Audio Production Information Check this box to specify how the encoded audio content was mixed Playback devices may use this information to adjust output settings 132 Appendix A m Peak Mixing Level Specifies peak sound pressure level SPL between 80 dB and 111 dB in the production environment when this mix was mastered Room Type Specifies information about the mixing studio Preprocessing Settings Preprocessing options are applied to the audio data before encoding Leave them at their default values unless you have a specific technical reason for changing them Compression Preset Specifies one of the dynamic range processing modes built into AC 3 Film Standard Compression Film Light Compression Music Standard Compression Music Light Compression Speech Compression a RF Overmodulation Protection Determines whether to use an RF preemphasis filter in the clip protection algorithm to pr
86. gge m Disc Media Choose a type of disc from this pop up menu If you specify a single or double sided disc DVD Studio Pro keeps a running estimate of the size of your project and alerts you if your project may be getting too big to fit on your disc A bar in the Graphical View shows you how much space is remaining m Region Code Region codes are areas of the world where your disc can play if the player has a matching region code You can choose items from the pop up menu or click the underlined text and choose items in the list that appears For more information see Copy Protection and Region Coding on page 150 m Number Of Sides Specify a single or double sided disc DVD Studio Pro indicates which side of the disc you are working on Using DVD Studio Pro 79 80 Chapter 3 CSS Specifies whether to copy protect the disc using the industry standard Content Scramble System For more information see Copy Protection and Region Coding on page 150 m Startup Action Determines what happens when your disc is inserted in a DVD player You can choose any track marker story menu script slideshow or single slide Note If you do not choose a startup action nothing happens when the disc is inserted and the Preview Mode of DVD Studio Pro does not work Disc Menu Settings area V Disc Menu Settings Video Standard Aspect Ratio Settings in this area specify the size of menus 720 x 480 for NTSC
87. heir name multi angle tracks don t have to contain different angles of the same subject They can be used whenever you want to be able to switch freely among parallel video clips The viewer can switch between streams using the Angle key on the remote control A track can contain up to eight alternate video streams plus its main video stream Important All video streams used as alternate angles must be exactly the same length as the main video stream and must be encoded using identical settings For your sample project you ll create a short track that has two alternate angles Create a track by dragging the Angle 1 m2v asset into the Graphical View Change the track s name to Views Note When you create a video track by dragging an asset into the Graphical View the Property Inspector shows the video assets by default Select the track to access the Track area of the Property Inspector You can name the track here or use the text box on the track tile Drag the audio stream Angle 1 AIFF onto the track tile to add it Adding Angles Click the track s angle icon Angle icon The track s Angles container opens Choose New Angle from the Item menu Select the angle in the Angles container and use the Property Inspector to change its name to Angle 2 In the Property Inspector set this angle s General Asset to Angle 2 m2v Property Inspector Add a third angle named Angle 3 and assign it the Angle 3 m2v as
88. ics to ensure uniform appearance on all players The bitmapped data floats above the video or still picture and can be modified during playback through color changes or movements Subtitle graphics also known as sub pictures are limited to four colors and every pixel has one of 16 possible transparency values Sub pictures can be used for the following Karaoke The current word of a song s lyrics can be highlighted by changing pixel values so that the text to be sung appears in a different color Rolling Titles The graphic used must be higher than the screen 576 lines for PAL 480 for NTSC The width is always 720 pixels It is possible to skip a number of lines before displaying 576 or 480 lines of the sub picture By increasing or decreasing this skip counter the sub picture appears to roll upwards or downwards Menus You can generate complete menus with the subtitle graphics While a video is running or a still picture is displayed all other elements buttons and so on are defined with subtitle graphics or changes to these graphics Text in DVD Video According to the standard a DVD Video can also contain text data that has not been saved as a graphic This can include titles or information on actors authors editing information and so on DVD Video players are not required to be able to display text so currently this type of data is not used Navigation on a DVD Video The viewer navigates through a DVD
89. iew Mode Shows you how your project looks and works a Troubleshooting windows Alert you to potential problems in your project Property Inspector File Edit Item Matrix Buttons Windows Help Graphical View Project View Using DVD Studio Pro 71 72 Chapter 3 The Graphical View The Graphical View provides a direct visual representation of the way components of your project are linked together OffBeat Scenes You can specify whether these links are visible in the Lines pop up menu Choose Configure to show or hide specific kinds of links Lines Never Selected Items f Always In the Graphical View Menu slideshow and track tiles have thumbnail images indicating their contents m Types of assets you can assign to an item for example buttons video and audio streams appear as icons inside the item tiles Links among items are represented by colored lines and arrows m Blue line A link you ve explicitly set a Grey line Remote control buttons Black line Jumps from scripts menu timeouts and any other automatic action m Red arrow The start of a link Blue arrow The end ofa link If you specified a disc medium in the Property Inspector for the disc the bar next to the disc icon estimates the size of the finished project If the size is larger than the selected medium for the disc the bar appears red Graphical View Customizing the Appearance of the Graphical View
90. ilt a Progress window shows data about the multiplexing process Progress B Multiplexing Views 2 of 2 Thruput 52 MB at 4783 kB s 6 8x Realtime SE Cancel J Current Average 6 77 8 01 When building is finished the Log window opens showing a completion message and listing any errors that have occurred The end result is a folder called VIDEO _TS which contains the complete DVD Video structure o Q VIDEO_Ts EO_TS 1FO DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 53 54 Chapter 1 Using the Apple DVD Player Once the project is built you can play it from your hard disk using the Apple DVD Player exactly as if it were a physical DVD By playing the completed project from your hard disk you can verify that everything works the way you intended before investing the time and money to make copies Open the Apple DVD Player available in the Apple menu roe eeee ig o Camz Open the player s Preferences window Turn on the options labeled Enable DVD ccess web links and Add Open VIDEO_ TS menu item to File Menu Preferences Parental Controls Advanced Controls Sound Processing QO Dolby Surround Pro Logic O Enable Line Mode None bi Enable iccess web links M Enable DYD web link Add Open IDEO_TS menu item to File Menu
91. ings Together Using the Action Menus 39 Linking a Button to a Track 40 Jumping Somewhere When a Track Is Finished 41 Setting a Startup Action 41 Setting the Actions of Standard Remote Control Keys 42 Previewing Links and Actions 42 Expanding Your DVD 43 Creating a Story 43 Creating Interactive Markers 45 Specifying the Shape of the Button Area That Changes Color 47 Adding Subtitles 48 Adding Web Links to Your Project 48 Writing a Simple Script 51 Setting a Timeout Action 52 Testing Your Project 52 Building the Finished Project 53 Using the Apple DVD Player 54 4 Contents What s Next 55 Preparing Source Material 57 Capturing Video and Audio 58 Capturing Video for 16 9 Aspect Ratio 58 Segmenting Your Material 59 Preparing Video Content 59 Encoding Video to MPEG Format 59 The QuickTime MPEG Encoder 59 Encoding Video for Multi Angle Tracks 62 Preparing Audio Content 62 Encoding Audio 62 The A Pack Application 63 Creating Material for Menus 63 Creating Graphics for Still Menus 63 Creating Video for Motion Menus 64 Creating Video for Interactive Markers 65 Creating Graphics for Slideshows 65 Preparing Graphics for Use With 16 9 Aspect Ratio 65 Building Menus in Multiple Languages 65 Preparing Subtitles 66 Using DVD Studio Pro 67 Setting Preferences for a New Project 68 Setting Disc Properties for a New Project 69 Setting Remote Control Properties for a New Project 70 Views Available in DVD Studio Pro 71 The Graphical View 72
92. ion files VOB containing video audio and subtitles and navigation files IFO containing jumps programs button definitions and so on The separate files allow the player to access the structural data of the DVD Video more quickly To avoid data being lost through scratches the IFO files are written onto disc twice once on the inside for quick access and once on the outside as BUP backup files Copy Protection and Region Coding To help ensure the full participation of major movie studios the DVD standard includes sophisticated copy protection and regionalization controls This means in general that commercial DVDs cannot be copied and can only be played in the regions of the world the publisher intends A DVD Video with a region code can be played anywhere in the world whether it is in PAL or NTSC format assuming that its region code allows playback on the particular player The DVD copyright protection technology has three parts Region Code The world is divided into eight regions The producers of a DVD determine which parts of their DVD can be played in which parts of the world Each disc or portion thereof is marked to indicate where it should be playable Each DVD player also has a region code If a disc s region code doesn t match that of the player the disc won t play a Region 1 Canada USA m Region 2 Europe Japan the Near East Egypt and South Africa m Region 3 East Asia Hong Kong and South Asia m
93. ion in this file on the DVD Studio Pro CD Updates Look in the box for other essential information Apple DVD Studio Pro For general product information and updates visit the Apple Web site DVD Studio Pro Web site at www apple com dvd 14 Preface CHAPTER DVD Studio Pro Tutorial This tutorial gives you a hands on introduction to DVD Studio Pro In the two parts of this step by step tutorial you will create a basic DVD Video project using many of the key features of DVD Studio Pro and then you will enhance it using some of the more advanced tools You will learn how to do the following tasks Create a new DVD Studio Pro project and set its properties Create a multi angle video track with audio streams and subtitles Create still and motion menus Add markers to tracks and set startup actions and links Add buttons to menus and chapter markers Assemble a slideshow using still images and audio Write a simple script Preview and test your project Build the finished project on your hard disk Play the project using the Apple DVD Player The tutorial takes approximately one hour Note DVD Studio Pro can create either PAL or NTSC projects The sample material is in NTSC format Even if you live in an area where PAL is the standard you can still complete the tutorial using the supplied sample files 15 16 Chapter 1 Getting the Tutorial Files and Starting the Program If you haven t installed DVD Studio Pro yet fol
94. isc properties and DVD Studio Pro estimates that the project will take more space than is available on that medium you see an error message This disc might be too big for the selected media Disc Size about 4 37 GBytes Media Size about 3 95 GBytes Do you still want to continue Abort L_Continue_ Select the location where you want the VIDEO_TS folder created For fastest results select a different hard disk from the one containing your files If you specify a location that already contains a VIDEO_TS folder choose whether to reuse material that has not changed Warning Ifyou choose not to reuse material in the folder DVD Studio Pro deletes the folder and all its data If you aren t sure whether the folder contains material you need choose a different location to build your disc Depending on the bit rates of your tracks and the speed of your computer and hard disks building takes from 1 4 to 1 2 the length of all your tracks combined If you have an hour of material in your project it will take between 15 and 30 minutes to multiplex it Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD 121 122 Chapter 6 Tracking the Multiplexing Process As the disc is built the Progress window displays the name and bit rate of the track being processed and the current multiplexing speed To display the memory available to DVD Studio Pro and the memory currently being used m Press the Caps Lock key on the keyboard
95. items You will link the story to the Next button on the Scene menu Double click the thumbnail area on the Scene menu to open it in the menu editor Select the Next button and choose OffBeat Scenes Highlights from the Jump when activated pop up menu in the Property Inspector Open the Scene menu in Preview Mode and activate the Next button to preview your story Creating Interactive Markers You can place buttons on top of tracks or parts of tracks that are assigned a video stream Buttons on tracks are called interactive markers Like the buttons on menus they allow the viewer to choose various actions Because the video stream won t usually include button graphics you need to apply an overlay image to define the shape and position of the buttons and their highlights An overlay image is a black and white graphic file a PICT file or a layer of a Photoshop file You can apply an overlay to buttons and interactive markers LL Overlay for track buttons 100 Gray PA Overlay image defining button shapes and highlights 100 Doc SKAAT Important Interactive markers are created using the subtitle feature of DVD players so you cannot combine subtitles and interactive markers within one track Note To use an overlay image you must have already created one and added it to the Assets container The tutorial files include overlay images for you to use For your project yo
96. ither an endorsement nor a recommendation Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada Contents Preface Getting Started With DVD Studio Pro 9 What Is DVD Studio Pro 9 System Requirements 10 Hardware Requirements 10 Software Requirements 10 Software Installation and Registration 11 Installing and Registering DVD Studio Pro 11 Installing and Registering QuickTime Pro 11 Overview of the DVD Creation Process 12 Creating Source Material 12 Encoding Video and Audio 12 Authoring With DVD Studio Pro 13 Creating a Disc 13 Resources for Learning About DVD Studio Pro 14 DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 15 Getting the Tutorial Files and Starting the Program 16 DVD Studio Pro Building Blocks 17 The DVD Studio Pro Workspace 18 Importing Assets 19 Adding Assets With the Import Command 19 Adding Assets by Dragging 20 Viewing the Properties of an Item 21 Creating a Basic DVD 22 Setting Disc Properties 22 Adding a Track 22 Previewing Audio Streams 24 Creating a Multi Angle Track 24 Adding Angles 25 Previewing Angles 25 Creating a Still Menu 26 Adding Buttons to a Still Menu 29 Naming the Buttons 30 Specifying Button States 30 Previewing Buttons 31 Creating a Motion Menu 32 Previewing a Motion Menu 34 Specifying Button States in Motion Menus 34 Adding Markers 35 Previewing Markers 37 Creating a Slideshow 37 Previewing Slideshows 39 Linking Th
97. k By paying attention to this information while stepping through your project with the remote control you can find errors in your action assignments button links and scripts Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD 117 118 Chapter 6 Using Built in Error Checking Error Checking When Adding Assets When you import or add assets to a project DVD Studio Pro checks whether they are valid If you try to import a video stream with an inappropriate frame rate or an audio stream with an incorrect frequency the Log window displays an error message DVD Studio Pro keeps track of which items on your DVD are not complete Incomplete items appear in italics To see what s missing select the item and view it in the Property Inspector If you try to delete an item that is linked to other items you see a message explaining the error and listing the links Click Show Item to view the item so you can unlink it from other items Show Item is not available if the item is not assigned as a property of the disc Can not delete Menu StartMenu because it is referred by the following items ise MacWorld Project Menu LaunchScreen Gj Track MultiAngle Track Gig track nature mpy ji Button iButton4 Of Marker tropical forest Of Track nature mpy Slideshow Slideshow Finding Missing Asset Files The Asset Files window shows the name and location of every asset file used in your
98. k menus 149 types of 149 uncoupling assets from 84 mixing spatial 138 139 mixing sound 126 modulo operator 104 monitors 16 9 aspect ratio 58 hardware requirements for 10 NTSC monitors 58 PAL monitors 58 previewing on external monitor 115 motion menus 32 33 audio tracks and 62 looping video for 34 multiple languages and 65 previewing 34 Motion Picture Association of America MPAA 151 Motion Picture Expert Group See MPEG movies QuickTime movies 59 89 subtitles for 89 96 MP3 format 147 MPAA Motion Picture Association of America 151 MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group 144 MPEG 1 audio format 62 147 MPEG 1 encoding 152 153 MPEG 1 video format 144 MPEG 2 AAC format 147 MPEG 2 audio format 147 MPEG 2 encoding 152 MPEG 2 exporting option 59 MPEG 2 layer III format 147 MPEG 2 video format 144 MPEG audio format 62 145 147 MPEG encoders 10 12 59 MPEG Export feature 59 61 MPEG format 59 62 multi angle tracks 24 26 62 68 multi angle video 62 multiplexed files 13 multiplexed MPEG streams 59 multiplexing described 113 121 increasing speed of 68 options for 68 performance 10 real time multiplexing 113 solving problems 122 123 tracking process 122 123 multiplication operator 104 Name property 79 navigation DVD Video 149 150 Graphical View 82 Matrix Views 83 84 projects 114 115 remote control keys 70 with time codes 93 New Batch List command 129 New Marker button 36 Next Track key 114 nop c
99. llow and the transparency to 66 percent Each button in the menu editor is covered by a yellow rectangle Set the color for Activated Set 1 to red and its transparency to 66 percent To see how the buttons will look when activated choose Show Activated Hilites from the Buttons menu Each button in the menu editor is now covered by a red rectangle When you re finished the Property Inspector should look something like this Default Button __istButton J overly Petre Overy for tak batons_ Use Simple Overlay Adding Markers When you play a track within a DVD project it starts from the beginning If you want to be able to start playback at or jump to specific spots within a track you insert chapter markers Every track has a Start of track marker so the marker you add will be the second marker on the track Click the marker icon on the OffBeat Scenes track to open the Markers container Brien Choose New Marker from the Item menu Select the new marker and choose Edit from the Item menu or hold down the Option key and double click the marker The marker editor opens In the Marker area of the Property Inspector name the marker Heat At the top of the marker editor click the time code button and enter 30 15 Then click OK You can also drag the slider at the bottom of the marker editor to move through the track and place your marker e e Time Code Ce Note When you type a time code DVD St
100. log box select and change the names of any colors Color Menu Settings Edit the Color and the Na lue Green ight Blue rench Blue rk Blue i z o 2 2 5 x Ian Ti llow j lt o m 2 gt o lt d BERET ght Green 3 Clicka color then use the color picker to choose a new color The color picker is described in the onscreen help for your operating system 90 Chapter 4 Starting a New Subtitle Project 1 Open the STE Several windows appear You can show or hide any window using the Windows menu File Edit Text Subtitle Markers Windows Help QuickTime Preview Subtitle Editor in Use Begin Jelly Fish 24 26 Sword Fish Turtles and Shark 00 00 05 29 Out 00 00 09 28 0000 32 18 a o 00 00 36 18 b r n CORGECHEN EE Here sre all inhabitants of our aquarium together Out 00 00 40 18 GA D TA 2 Inthe Project Settings dialog box click Select Project Movie and choose a source movie DVD Videosize NTSC Framerate 29 97 fps Working With Languages and Subtitles 94 92 Chapter 4 3 Choose NTSC or PAL from the DVD Videosize pop up menu 4 Set margins in the Subtitle Settings area Margins restrict subtitles to a defined area If you set the margins to zero subtitles can be positioned anywhere in the
101. low the instructions in the Preface Getting Started With DVD Studio Pro on page 9 Be sure to look at the Read Me file for any new information about DVD Studio Pro You need at least 500 megabytes MB of free space on your hard disk to complete the tutorial The tutorial files require about 300 MB of free space You need an additional 200 MB to write the finished project Copy the Tutorial folder from the DVD Studio Pro CD to your hard disk When you re finished copying your hard disk should contain a folder with the following files o G Tutorial Ss pg 28 items 23 02 GB available Date Modified size 2 Tutorial Completed Yesterday a wz Audio Files Today Angle 1 AC 3 Yesterday Heartland AC 3 Yesterday E OffBeat Menu AIFF Yesterday gj OffBeat Scenes AIFF Yesterday gy Slide 1 AIFF Yesterday gy Slide 2 AIFF Yesterday fg Slide 3 AIFF Yesterday gy Slide 4 AIFF Yesterday gt G Files to encode Today wz OY Graphic files Today Eg Overlay for OffBeat Menu Yesterday J Overlay for track buttons Yesterday Slide 1 Yesterday E4 Slide 2 Yesterday E Slide 3 Yesterday Slide 4 Yesterday Still menus psd Yesterday vz Oj Subtitle files Today English spu Today 5 German spu Today v G Video files MPEG2 Yesterday E Angle 1 m2v Yesterday Wi Angle 2 m2v Yesterday BB Angle 3 m2v Yesterday OffBeat Menu m2v Yesterday DY OffBeat Scenes m2v Yesterday 2 Double click the
102. ly Video standard Stream type PAL 625 50 Linear PCM MPEG audio or AC 3 NTSC 525 60 Linear PCM or AC 3 More AboutDVD 145 146 Appendix B Thus a DVD must use PCM or AC 3 audio to be playable worldwide Linear Dolby MPEG 1 MPEG 2 PCM AC 3 audio audio DTS SDDS Sample frequency 48 96 32 44 1 48 48 48 48 48 kHz Resolution bits 16 20 24 compr compr compr compr compr Maximum bit rate 6144 448 384 912 1536 1280 bps Maximum number 8 5 11 2 7 11 5 11 7 1 of channels 1 1 describes the additional subwoofer channel which usually has a smaller bandwidth than the other channels Linear PCM Linear PCM audio is the same as that used on audio CDs The analog signal is scanned using a particular sampling frequency and the values determined are entered into a grid quantification The quantification of these values results in a small loss of quality compared to the analog signal No compression is built into the system so PCM achieves high fidelity at the cost of high storage space The sampling rate of 96 kHz on a DVD Video can only be used with linear PCM Dolby Digital AC 3 AC 3 is a sophisticated compression procedure using knowledge about how people hear to remove certain proportions from the frequency spectrum of an audio signal This reduces the size of the data stream without affecting the sound Dolby AC 3 compression results in the loss of information decompressed audio data is no longer
103. movie frame Use the following settings for typical subtitles which appear in one or two lines at the bottom of a frame Margin NTSC PAL Top 400 450 Left 25 35 Right 25 35 Bottom 25 35 5 Click Rendering Options to select the appearance of your subtitles when rendered Rendering Options Subtitle Editor This window shows the effects of your choices Shadow Color Q Border oftsetx 2 oftsety 2 Ca a You can specify border and shadow options color and offset for subtitles These settings are used when the finished project is complied into a subtitle stream Click OK when you re finished Click Preview Window Color to specify a color for the background of the Preview window This color does not influence how subtitles are rendered 10 11 Navigate to the spot in the movie where you want to begin your subtitle by doing one of the following m Use the controls in the QuickTime Preview window Enter a new time code in the time code box in the upper left corner of the Preview window a Select a marker s name in the Marker window or the Markers menu Choose the Find command from the Markers menu to search for a marker by name a Choose Golo in Movie from the Edit menu and enter a time code Absolute Relative In the Subtitles window click New Click the triangle next to the subtitle or double click the line containing the subtitle to open it for editing Type the subtitle
104. movie to start Or Stop h9 Previous marker next marker 4 6 Previous subtitle next subtitle 1 3 Previous frame next frame Arrow keys Left Previous frame Right Next frame Up Start of movie Down End of movie Miscellaneous Space bar Start stop movie play CHAPTER Using Scripts The DVD Video specification includes a simple yet powerful scripting language DVD Studio Pro gives you full access to this capability You can add sophisticated interactivity and control to a project with only a few simple scripts Scripts in DVD Studio Pro are created as separate items within a project so they can be assigned easily to any item that supports a script Scripts can be assigned to buttons or attached to the start or end of any track story menu or marker With scripts you can m allow viewers choices that affect what buttons menus and tracks they see add random play to your project m allow viewers to create a playlist of favorite tracks 97 Creating a Script You use the script editor to enter the text of your scripts To open the script editor 1 Double click a script tile The script editor appears Script of Random Play be Scripts Menus x Tracks _ Slideshows v Variables Helpers my ar1 3 if my Yar1 1 then play track catamaran mpy if myYari 2 then play track diving mpy if my Yar1 3 then play track windsurfing mpy 2 Toentera script do one of the following Type in th
105. ms you may need Bitrate to change their field af ag order using the Field Dominance pop up Info menu even if the Target Size 720 x 480 encoder always tries to Source Size 720 x 528 predict the correct Bitrate 8 0 order Estimated File Size 51 3 MB Save Audio on M write Protocol File ok When you re finished click OK A progress window shows you information during the MPEG 2 export Click the expansion triangle to see the currently encoding frame QuickTime MPEG Encoder b am Filename Angle 1 m2v System NTSC Aspect Ratio 4 3 Percent Done 11 Audio on Elapsed Time 00 00 25 Bitrate 8 0 Expected Time 00 01 49 QuickTime MPEG Encoder Filename Angle 1 m2v System NTSC Aspect Ratio 4 3 Percent Done 6 Audio on Elapsed Time 00 00 10 Bitrate 8 0 Expected Time 00 01 15 Note Previewing during encoding reduces performance by approximately 20 percent For faster encoding click the triangle to hide the preview image Preparing Source Material 64 62 Chapter 2 Encoding Video for Multi Angle Tracks DVD Studio Pro supports mutti angle video a track with up to eight alternate video streams for a total of nine video streams per track The viewer can switch among angles using the Angle key on the remote control Requirements for MPEG Streams for Multi Angle Video The QuickTime MPEG Encoder produces streams that meet the criteria f
106. n and add them to a standard stereo mix To create sound for the LFE channel you can extract low frequencies from the rest of your sound using band pass filters Position instruments effects and voices anywhere in the sound field Use the center channel for voice over leaving it out of the left and right channels This is called stereo plus center See Options for Spatial Mixing beginning on page 138 for further information Step 3 Digitizing Sound Once your sound is mixed save the resulting channels as sound files in one of these formats a AIFF SoundDesigner II m QuickTime a WAVE Depending on the format a file can contain a single channel mono dual channels stereo or multiple channels A Pack supports all these formats Your sound files must also conform to the following rules m All source files should be the same length if not A Pack sets the length of the AC 3 stream to match the length of the longest file All files must have the same sample rate for DVD 48 kHz although A Pack also supports 32 and 44 1 kHz a AC 3 streams must have a multiple of 1536 samples If the selected input files do not A Pack adds digital silence to the end of the files If you label your files with the suffixes listed below A Pack automatically assigns each file to the correct surround position when you drag multiple files to the Instant Encoder Position File Extension Left front L Right front R C
107. ncludes several features that check your material making sure that all links are valid and all necessary settings have been made m The Asset Files window shows the name and location of every asset file used in your project You can use it to locate missing files or to change the source files assigned to particular assets m A project description file contains a specially formatted description of every aspect of a DVD Studio Pro project including absolute paths specifying the location of each file m The Log window displays status messages copy protection details and disc build errors It opens automatically if you try to import assets with invalid formats For more information on these views see Chapter 6 Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD on page 113 The Matrix Views The Matrix Views help you work with connections between elements of your project in the following ways You can edit many settings in one place You can crosscheck settings made elsewhere You can see at a glance the dependencies between many related items You can easily assign replacement assets After some practice you ll be able to see patterns in the matrix which can help you spot errors There are three Matrix Views a Asset Matrix For assigning assets to tracks Jump Matrix For assigning jumps and links to menus and buttons m Layer Matrix For assigning Photoshop layers to menus and buttons Getting Around in the Matrix
108. ng or mixing tool To give your listeners a surrounding audio experience your sound must be created with that goal in mind For example if you want the sound of an explosion coming from behind the listener you need to put the sound in the rear channels during recording and mixing 125 126 Appendix A Step 1 Recording Sound As with any audio track the first step is finding and recording the sound that you want Keep your end result in mind If you want to position particular sounds in the surround sound environment you should record them separately Step 2 Mixing Sound The second step is mixing the audio You need a separate audio file for each channel If you want to create Dolby Digital 5 1 sound you need a file for each of the six source channels left front right front center front left rear right rear and Low Frequency Effects LFE To create files for channels you assign your sounds to channels using a recording mixing system that supports six track playback When mixing you can enhance the video action by dynamically moving the sounds within the surround field The following are some common approaches to multi channel sound m Use the surround channels for effects only Create a stereo mix then add sweetening sound effects in the surround channels Create special sounds for the rear and low frequency channels the rumble of an earthquake the pounding of drums an airplane buzzing overhead and so o
109. ommand 107 not equal operator 109 NTSC audio formats for 145 copy protection and 154 graphics and 65 MPEG 1 video and 144 MPEG 2 video and 144 Photoshop graphics and 63 specifying default TV system 68 subtitle margins and 92 NTSC DV format 58 NTSC monitors 58 Number Of Sides property 69 79 numbers entering in scripts 102 number sign 103 NVRAM 110 112 debugging and 117 retrieving information from 111 scripts and 17 storing information in 110 111 NVRAM commands 110 ce objects playing 108 OK key 114 operators 103 105 Out 94 Out points 94 overlay image 45 47 P PAL audio formats for 145 copy protection and 154 graphics and 65 MPEG 1 video and 144 MPEG 2 video and 144 Photoshop graphics and 63 specifying default TV system 68 subtitle margins 92 PAL monitors 58 parameters 101 Paste Properties command 78 PCM audio files 136 PCM audio format 153 PCM format 62 146 147 153 peekAll command 111 peek command 111 percent sign 102 performance multiplexing speed 68 P Frames Predicted Frames 145 Philips Professional DVD Player 17 68 110 117 Photoshop psd format 63 Photoshop files layers 63 81 86 linking to projects 64 resolution and 63 Index 165 166 Index size of 63 slides and 65 still menus and 63 64 Photoshop Layer method 30 Photoshop program 10 physical DVD formats 143 PICT format 65 Picture property 81 Pictures area Property Inspector 88 pixels 115 playback A Pack
110. on next to the In time code or Out time code D In 00 00 06 00 Out 00 00 09 28 99 Select the subtitle s In point or Out point and choose Lock or Unlock from the Subtitle menu Linking Subtitles When linking is turned on the Out points of the linked subtitles change dynamically to keep the subtitles linked You can still edit the In points To link a subtitle to the next subtitle Select a subtitle Click the magnet icon next to the Out time code or choose Link from the Subtitle menu D gt In 00 00 06 00 9 Out 00 00 09 28 99 Selecting Multiple Subtitles To select all the subtitles that occur between two time codes that you specify a Choose Select from the Edit menu and Subtitles from the submenu then enter a time code range To select a contiguous set of subtitles Select a subtitle at the beginning or end of the set then hold down the Shift key and click the subtitle at the other end To select noncontiguous subtitles Hold down the Command key while you click subtitles Importing Subtitles You can import subtitles from a plain text file such as a script or EDL The text file must contain three fields for each entry a start time code for the subtitle a end time code for the subtitle m subtitle text You can specify line breaks within a single screen of subtitles by inserting the HTML paragraph tag lt P gt into the text to be imported Time Code In Time Code Out Text Line 1 T
111. ons buttonPositionLeft 340 buttonPosi tionTop 324 buttomPosi tionRight 649 buttonPosi tionBottom 414 buttonWidth 309 buttonHeight 96 ff Display buttonLayerSe lected Back button red glow buttonLayerActivated Back button white glow buttonHi Li teSet 1 Selection Condition buttonSe lectionType notSet ff Action buttonSetAudioChannel notSet buttonSetSubtitleChannel notSet buttonJump Menu Main Menu buttonAutoAction off Button Links buttonL inkUp buttonLinkPreviousButton buttonLinkDown buttonLinkNextButton buttonLinkLeft buttonL inkPreviousButton buttonLinkRight buttonLinkNextButton 15 48 42 Item Description finished To open the Log window Choose Log from the Windows menu To see item description information Select the item and choose Show Description from the Item menu 120 Chapter 6 Building Your Project When you re finished putting together and testing your project it s time to build it Building combines the files in a process called multiplexing The finished product is a folder called VIDEO_TS containing all the information needed to write a DVD To build your project Choose Build Disc from the File menu If the command is not available there are missing or incorrect settings in your project Items with incomplete settings appear in italics in the Project View To see what s missing select the item and view it in the Property Inspector Important If you have selected a disc medium in the d
112. op files to projects 64 project component links 72 to subtitles 94 Web links 48 50 Load Description command 119 local variables 102 locking subtitles 94 logical DVD formats 143 Log window building projects 53 error messages 118 120 status messages 122 using 120 viewing information in 137 looping video 34 64 Low Frequency Effects LFE 126 Index 163 164 Index Macrovision copy protection 151 154155 manual contents of 14 margins subtitles 92 marker editor 36 markers actions for 82 adding 35 36 adding buttons to 45 46 described 17 interactive markers 65 jumping to 36 navigating through movies with 93 playing tracks from 108 previewing 37 Markers menu 93 Marker window 93 Matrix Views 7183 86 memory displaying 122 NVRAM 17110 112 system requirements for 10 menu 82 menu editor adding Web links 49 creating still menus 27 Menu key 70 menus action 39 action menus 81 adding buttons to 29 appearance of 81 aspect ratio 80 assigning assets to 84 audio menus 149 buttons on 81 150 calling with remote control keys 149 creating material for 64 66 described 17 generating with subtitle graphics 148 graphic tips for 63 64 in title menus 150 mandatory menus 149 motion menus 32 33 multiple languages 65 optional menus 149 properties with 77 root menus 149 selecting thumbnail images for 73 size of 80 still menus 26 28 63 subtitle menus 149 system menus 149 timeout actions for 52 title menus 149 trac
113. or multi angle use m All streams must be the same length m All streams must have the same resolution and frame rate m The length and pattern of GOPs Group of Pictures must be the same on all tracks angles Use an encoder that allows you to turn scene detection off m All GOPs must be closed You cannot create angles for a track that has open GOPs Maximum Bit Rates for Multi Angle Tracks The maximum bit rate for a multi angle track is different from other tracks It is calculated by adding the bit rate for each video stream to the bit rate for all of the track s audio streams a 5 angles or fewer 8 Mbps maximum for each angle stream a 6 8 angles 7 5 Mbps maximum for each angle stream 9angles 7 Mbps maximum for each angle stream Preparing Audio Content Encoding Audio DVD Studio Pro accepts audio streams in these formats PCM audio AIFF SoundDesigner or WAVE format 16 or 24 bit resolution 48 or 96 kHz sample rate stereo or mono files MPEG audio MPEG 1 layer 2 audio 48 kHz resolution 32 384 Kbps data rate MPEG 2 audio is not supported Dolby AC 3 audio The QuickTime MPEG Encoder outputs PCM audio only Note Allaudio streams used within one slideshow must have the same format for example MPEG or PCM All audio tracks for motion menus must have the same format For more information on the different audio formats see Audio in DVD Video beginning on page 145 The A Pack Application
114. or the viewer to click the Next Track key on the remote control In this section you ll add a slideshow to your project Click the Add Slideshow button in the Graphical View Name the slideshow Crew DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 37 3 Double click the tile s thumbnail area to open the slideshow editor The list on the right shows all the assets in your project that are suitable for use in a slideshow To assemble the slideshow you drag items from the Assets list on the right to the Slide list on the left 4 Drag the Slide 1 PICT file into the Slide list 5 Add audio to the slide by dragging the audio stream Slide 1 AIFF from the Assets list onto the slide file 38 Chapter 1 6 Add the remaining three slides Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 and their matching audio files 7 Click OK to close the slideshow editor Previewing Slideshows 1 Select the slideshow tile and click Preview 2 You can use the Next Track and Previous Track keys on the remote control to jump to different slides 3 Click the Stop key to return to the DVD Studio Pro workspace Linking Things Together Using the Action Menus Virtually any item in a DVD project can be connected to any other A track can jump to a menu a button can jump to a script a script can play a track and so on This linking is accomplished primarily by setting the item s Jump when activated and Jump when finished properties You can see the choices availabl
115. ose subtitles Optional means the disc does not need to contain the menu even if the player has a remote control key for it If the player is not able to access the menu because the key has not been linked to anything on the disc then the disc must provide another way of accessing the menu for example through a link from a mandatory menu More AboutDVD 149 150 Appendix B In Title Menus These are soft menus that the content creator can define within the DVD Video Since there are no dedicated keys on the remote to access these menus the author must provide links or other ways to display them Buttons Menus consist of a still frame or a video that contains buttons using subtitle graphics Every menu button has three states normal selected and activated There is always one button selected on a menu The viewer uses the arrow keys to select a different button If the viewer clicks the OK key the selected button is activated A button can also be set to activate immediately upon selection File Structure of a DVD Video A DVD Video is a DVD ROM with precisely specified contents This includes the file structure name and arrangement on the disc and the formats of the individual files A folder called VIDEO_TS at the top directory level contains all files for the DVD Video If there are other files on the DVD ROM it is referred to as a hybrid DVD The VIDEO TS folder contains two types of files presentat
116. ovided in the tutorial files in the Files to encode folder in the Tutorial folder You cannot create or edit video files using DVD Studio Pro Using the Property Inspector name the buttons at the top of the motion menu Main Menu and Next and the buttons at the bottom Waves Heat Air and Chill DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 33 34 Chapter 1 bh Q N Looping the Video in a Motion Menu The video for a motion menu can be set to repeat loop indefinitely For this project you will set the menu to loop Set the Loop property to On in the Timeout area of the Property Inspector Close the menu editor Previewing a Motion Menu To see how the motion menu looks so far Select the Scene menu tile and click Preview Click the Stop key to return to the DVD Studio Pro workspace Specifying Button States in Motion Menus When you set the button states in the still menu you used the Photoshop Layer method to indicate which button had been selected and when a button had been activated To set this feedback in a motion menu you specify highlight colors for the selected and activated states of the buttons If necessary open the Scene menu in the menu editor by double clicking its thumbnail area Open the Buttons menu and make sure Show Selected Hilites is selected Click the background image in the menu editor to deselect any buttons In the Button Hilites area of the Property Inspector set the color for Selected Set 1 to ye
117. peration with the two operands Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 456 Bit wise Exclusive Or Does a bit wise exclusive or operation with the two operands Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 21 Random Number Generates a random number between 1 and the value on the right Syntax variable variable constant Examples A B A 34 Functions getAudioStream Yields the current audio stream number between 1 and 8 Syntax variable getAudioStream Example A getAudioStream a Using Scripts 10 106 Chapter 5 getSubtitleStream Yields the current subtitle stream number between 1 and 32 Syntax variable getSubtitleStream Example A getSubtitleStream getRegionCode Yields the region code of the player This is a binary value Bit 0 means region 1 bit 1 means region 2 and so on Syntax variable getRegionCode Example A getRegionCode getCurrentitem Yields the current item usually the item the script is attached to a script if the script was called directly or a menu or track if the script was assigned as a pre script Syntax variable getCurrentltem Example A getCurrentItem getLastitem Yields the last item played Syntax variable getLastItem Examples A getLastItem if A Track drehung shell dvd mpv Track then
118. play See monitors division operator 104 DIT tape 13 123 DIT tape drives 10 124 Dolby AC 3 See AC 3 Dolby Digital 5 1 126 Dolby Digital programs 138 139 dollar sign 102 drivers ASIO drivers 134 135 DAV drivers 135 K1212io drivers 135 Sound Manager drivers 134 DTS Digital Theatre System format 147 DVD 9 62 83 DVD CCESS feature described 48 DVD audio format 143145 148 DVD Audio players 148 DVDCCA DVD Copy Control Association 151 DVD compliance 152 154 DVD Copy Control Association DVDCCA 151 DVD Player See Apple DVD Player DVD players Apple DVD Player 10 1154 55 color use and 93 DVD Audio players 148 DVD Video players 102 148 Philips Professional DVD Player 17 68 110 117 startup actions 80 time values 80 DVD RAM drives 10 124 DVD RAM format 13 143 DVD R drives 13 DVD recorders 124 DVD R format 143 DVD ROM format 143 150 DVD R recorders 10 DVD RW format 13 143 DVDs capacity of 142 configurations for 142 creation process 12 13 formats for 143 hybrid DVDs 143 150 incomplete items on 118 types of 142 DVD Studio Pro authoring with 13 described 9 getting started with 9 13 information on 14 installing 11 preferences for 68 starting program 16 system requirements 10 tutorial 15 55 workspace 18 DVD Studio Pro Help 14 DVD technology 141 154 benefits of 141 copy protection 150 151 history of 141 region coding 150 151 specifications 141152 154 vs CD technology 141 142 DVD Video 144 1
119. project You can use it to locate missing files or to change the source files assigned to particular assets If you open a saved project and DVD Studio Pro cannot locate one or more asset files the Asset Files window shows a list of the missing files m vole catamaran war Audio Files catamaran waw Motiontenu ACT Audio Files Motion Mens ACS Et motionmenu mor MotionMens PMOCORMERNI IPY To open the Asset Files window a Choose Asset Files from the Item menu To locate a file assigned to an asset Select an asset and click the Locate button Locate and select the file in the dialog box that appears If you select a file in a folder that contains other missing asset files you can reassign the other assets in that folder as well To assign a new file to an asset m Select an asset and click Assign then assign a new file in the dialog box that appears Finding Unassigned Asset Files To find asset files that haven t yet been assigned to any items Click the Assets tab Open the Item menu and choose By Usage from the Sort Assets submenu Any assets not currently used in your project appear at the top of the Asset list Getting Information About Your Project Using Project Description Files A description is a text file containing a specially formatted description of every aspect of a DVD Studio Pro project including absolute paths specifying the location of each file With a description file you can a make glob
120. pt buttons to perform actions define links between parts of your material and see a real time preview of your DVD as you create it Here are the general steps for authoring your material in DVD Studio Pro Import your edited video audio graphics and subtitle files into the program Create one or more tracks a track is a segment of video audio and subtitle information Create one or more menus to define the structure of your DVD Add buttons to your menus to allow users to navigate Create interactivity in the form of scripts slideshows and Web links Link the tracks and interactive material on your DVD to menu buttons and to functions on the remote control Preview and test as you go using DVD Studio Pro s real time emulator multiplexer Build the project as a set of files on your hard disk Record a DVD R or DVD RAM or format a DIT tape using DVD Studio Pro s built in recording module Creating a Disc The output of DVD Studio Pro is a folder on your hard disk containing multiplexed files Multiplexed means that the contents of several different kinds of files video audio and so forth have been combined into one file You can open and play the contents of this folder as if it were on a DVD using the Apple DVD Player or you can use the following methods to put the material on a disc a DVD R Ifyou have a DVD R drive you can use the built in recording module of DVD Studio Pro to write the VIDEO_TS directory di
121. r s Layers menu DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 27 28 Chapter 1 7 Drag to select the layers shown here Bullets indicate the selected items Layers always visible oE Action button selected Crew button selected jews button selected Online button selected EE Action button activated Crew button activated iews button activated nline button activated anne Back button activated Back button selected Back button normal et Buttons Normal Headline o bodvtext ili gt aa 8 Click OK 9 The selected layers now appear in the menu editor The untitled button is still present A OffBeat Action I OffBeat Crew He OffBeat Views Mazer a You ve climbed K2 and surfed the Great Barrier Reef but have you ever skied down the face of a volcano Air surfed at 20 000 feet This vacation season ery the OffBeat Retreat and venture off the beaten path OffBeat Online Adding Buttons to a Still Menu Buttons allow the user to interact with the DVD When you create a new menu one button appears automatically You can work with this button and add more as needed All menus must have at least one button and can have as many as 36 Position the pointer inside the button rectangle and drag it to the graphic labeled OffBeat Action The button s rectangle represents its hot or active area When the viewer uses your DVD on a computer and clicks inside the hot
122. r assets you are ready to build your project DVD Studio Pro includes a number of views and windows that you use while building your DVD This chapter explains the initial settings you need to make and then describes the specific features of the different views that you work in For information not covered in this chapter see Chapter 1 DVD Studio Pro Tutorial on page 15 or look in DVD Studio Pro Help 67 68 Chapter 3 Setting Preferences for a New Project You use the Preferences window to configure certain settings for new projects To set preferences Choose Preferences from the File menu Preferences Default TV System NISC Q PAL Preview Use ccess ShowAllAngles 4 Enable NVRAM Region Code 1 Multiplexing Slow Down Background Tasks Specify the default TV system NTSC or PAL This setting affects the size of menus It applies to new projects only You can change the format for a current project in the disc properties in the Property Inspector Specify how you will preview projects a Use ccess If you want DVD Studio Pro to open your Web browser to check Web links turn this option on If you are checking other aspects of your disc structure turn this option off so that DVD Studio Pro does not open your Web browser every time it encounters a URL You can still add Web links if this option is turned off m Show All Angles Previ
123. r can hold a positive whole number value between 0 and 65535 There are two kinds of registers m System parameters Hold information about languages tracks and subtitle and audio streams You can use system parameter information through routines built into the scripting language General purpose parameters Can be used by an application created with DVD Studio Pro for such features as auto selection of buttons There are eight general purpose parameters Registers work like global variables You can use them in any script Any change to a register is reflected at once in all scripts When a disc starts the registers are set to zero The values of the registers are lost if the viewer ejects or stops the disc or turns off the player In this manual the values of registers or parameters are called variables Using Scripts 101 102 Chapter 5 Limitations of Variables and Registers a DVD Video players don t support recursion or local variables m Registers have no overflow or underflow flags Ifthe script tries to store a value smaller than 0 or larger than 65535 no error message is given instead the value wraps around For example if you subtract 7 from 3 you would normally get 4 But if you do this in a script 65532 will be stored If you add 6 to 65534 in a script 4 is stored instead of 65540 Depending on the application design plausibility checks may be necessary You cannot create compound statements
124. r imagination OffBeat Action 4 OffBeat Crew a OffBeat Views ffBeat Onl The menu appears with the first button selected DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 34 32 Chapter 1 Use the arrow keys to select the other menu buttons By default DVD Studio Pro automatically links buttons according to their order in the menu editor each button is linked to the next and the last is linked back to the first Angle keys Stop key To see how a button will look when it s activated select it and then click OK on the remote control Because these buttons are not yet linked to any actions nothing happens when you activate them but you can see how they change color Click the Stop key to return to the DVD Studio Pro workspace Creating a Motion Menu Motion menus are similar to still menus except that they use a video clip for the background They can also include composited video images on the clip so it appears that each button is playing its own small video clip You create them the same way that you create still menus Click the Add Menu button at the bottom of the Graphical View Note You can drag a still menu asset directly to the Graphical View to create a still menu but if you use this technique with a video asset you will create a track not a menu When you create a motion menu you need to use the Add Menu button Name the new menu Scene menu and set its Picture Asset to OffBeat Menu m2v LL je not set O
125. ratio 58 frame rate 58 frames 58 145 functions 102103 111 G General area Property Inspector 79 80 getAudioStream function 105 getCurrentItem function 106 getCurrentTrack function 106 Get Info button 137 getLastltem function 106 getRegionCode operator 106 getSubtitleStream function 106 global variables assigning for scripts 100 creating 80 storing value in NVRAM 110 111 viewing 100 writing information to 111 GOP Group of Pictures 59 62 145 Golo in Movie command 93 gotoLabel command 103 108 GPRMs See global variables Graphical View 18 7172 73 graphics See also images aspect ratio and 65 created in Photoshop 63 64 layers and 63 resolution 65 slideshows 65 still menus 63 subtitles 148 tips for menus 63 64 Group of Pictures GOP 59 62 145 hardware encoders 59 hardware requirements 10 HDTV High Definition Television 58 High Definition Television HDTV 58 highlights color of 34 shape of 47 64 Hilite property 81 hybrid DVDs 143 150 f clause 109 IFO files 150 I Frames intra frames 145 images See also graphics anamorphic transfer 58 overlay images 47 thumbnail images 72 73 Import command 19 importing items asset import errors 120 assets 19 20 files 95 subtitles 95 subtitle streams 95 In 94 INFO ID file 110 In points 94 installing DVD Studio Pro 11 installing QuickTime Pro 11 Instant Encoder 127128 129 131 interactive markers 65 creating 45 47 In
126. rectly to a DVD R recordable disc The resulting disc can be used in most DVD Video players a DVD RAM DVD RW or DIT tape You can use the built in recording module of DVD Studio Pro to write the VIDEO_TS directory to these media If you want the disc to work in standard DVD Video players you can send the disc or tape to a service bureau or replicator Getting Started With DVD Studio Pro 13 Resources for Learning About DVD Studio Pro The most effective way to learn about DVD Studio Pro is to work through the tutorial in Chapter 1 of this manual The tutorial will teach you the basic tasks you need to know to work successfully with this program In addition to this manual DVD Studio Pro provides other sources of support See the table below to find the information you need Where to find more information This manual Go through Chapter 1 DVD Studio Pro Tutorial to learn how to use the program See Chapters 2 and 3 for information on preparing your material and setting preferences See Chapters 4 5 and 6 for information on working with subtitles and scripts and building your disc See Appendixes A and B to learn how to use the A Pack application and to find out more about DVD DVD Studio Pro Help If you need help working with the software after you have completed the tutorial look in DVD Studio Pro Help by choosing DVD Studio Pro Help from the Help menu Read Me file You can find late breaking informat
127. rently selected Note DVD Studio Pro also supports the standard highlighting method used in some other authoring tools See Specifying Button States in Motion Menus on page 34 for more information For a still menu such as the one you re creating now you can use the three State pop up menus in the Display area of the Property Inspector to specify additional layers of the Photoshop file that will appear whenever a button is in a particular state Normal State No Layers Selected x P semoteastne me ayers semet v The Layer nee In the menu editor click the Action button to select it In the Display area of the Property Inspector choose Action button selected from the Selected State pop up menu To see the layer choose Show Selected State from the Buttons menu This is the way the button will look when a viewer selects it Next choose the layer Action button activated from the Activated State pop up menu To see how the activated button will look choose Show Activated State from the Buttons menu Repeat steps 1 3 for the three remaining buttons When you re finished click the close box to close the menu editor Previewing Buttons Now that you have set the selected and activated states for the Main Menu buttons you can preview them to see how they will look in a DVD player Select the Main Menu in the Graphical View Click the Preview button Your adventure is limited only by you
128. rmation needed to write a DVD You can create an image file of this folder or copy your project onto a disc or DIT tape 113 114 Chapter 6 Using Preview Mode Select an item You can select the disc a track angle marker story menu audio stream video stream or slideshow Selecting the disc previews its startup behavior Choose Preview from the Item menu or click the Preview button in the Graphical View Other windows close the Preview window opens and you see or hear the selected item file Edit item Matrix Buttons Windows Help 4 18 PM_ 4 DVD Studio Pro m By Title 01 00 00 33 Chapter OO 00 00 02 Audio 1 Subpicture O1 Angle 1 Note Preview does not work if any of the following are missing assigned picture assets for the menus for all languages you ve created one basic asset assigned for each track and slideshow m the startup action for the disc Use the onscreen remote control to navigate through your project The remote control keys except for the Stop key will perform whatever actions you previously assigned to them in the Property Inspector of the item you re previewing These are typical actions assigned to the keys a Return key Goes back to the previously active item m Next Track Previous Track Skip keys Jump to the previous or next point defined by a marker If no markers are assigned to a track nothing happens m Arrow keys Select menu buttons a OK key also known a
129. rtical dimension to cancel the stretch performed during recording About Anamorphic Transfer You can use Final Cut Pro 1 2 5 or later to capture import edit and export 16 9 anamorphic media for NTSC and PAL When you capture or import you need to specify that the material is 16 9 anamorphic Note 16 9 anamorphic is different from letterbox 4 3 aspect ratio Although both are sometimes called widescreen to a DVD Video player they are different formats 16 9 anamorphic is squeezed horizontally and looks unnaturally tall and skinny on a 4 3 screen With letterbox the widescreen effect is accomplished by placing the widescreen image in a field of 4 3 black The width of the image determines its vertical size This leaves bands of black across the top and the bottom of the 4 3 screen You have two options for anamorphic transfer In both cases the recorded image requires an NTSC or PAL monitor with a 16 9 setting to look correct Ifyou use a camera with an anamorphic lens adapter the image appears stretched in the camera s viewfinder Ifyou use a DV camera set to 16 9 mode the image looks correct in the viewfinder Segmenting Your Material If you plan to divide your project into multiple tracks your source material must be divided in the same way It s easiest to segment the material when preparing it for encoding If your encoder works with QuickTime movies you can segment your tracks once they are digitized into the compu
130. s Enter key Activates the selected menu button Previous Arrow Next Track key Trackkey keys Return key 4 Torotate through alternate audio streams subtitle streams or angle streams click the Audio Subtitle or Angle key in the lower right portion of the remote control 5 When you re finished click the Stop key on the remote control or press the Esc key on the keyboard Limitations of Preview Mode Depending on the speed of your processor you may be able to preview only a limited number of angles in Preview Mode To see all angles you may need to build the disc Some set top player models may be programmed slightly differently from Preview Mode Navigation may not work exactly the same way on those models Previewing on an External Video Monitor You can preview on a different monitor if you have one attached to your computer To preview using a different monitor 1 Choose the monitor from the pop up menu marked with the monitor icon File Edit Item Matrix But Main Screen Screen 1280x960 Sereen2 1024x768 2 To specify the shape of pixels choose an item from the pop up menu marked with arrows inside a square Choose square pixels to see how your project will look on a computer screen Choose rectangular pixels to preview the look of your project on a TV monitor File Edit item Matrix But aa Rectangular 3 For best results stop and restart Preview Mode after specifying a different moni
131. s are available only if you have added additional languages to your project not set k ee t De Important The assets used for alternate language versions of a menu must have the same format and structure in the case of Photoshop files If you assign a Photoshop file the files assigned to the other languages must have the same number of layers the layers must be in the same order and they must have the same names as those in the first file assigned If you assign a video stream to a menu the streams assigned to the other languages must be exactly the same length To assign assets to menus for different languages m In the Property Inspector for the menu expand the Pictures area and choose assets from the pop up menu for each language If you re using sound in menus choose assets in the Audios area also With the menu for a particular language open in the menu editor choose a language from the Language menu Select the menu in the Graphical View or Project View then select the alternate version in the Property Inspector Setting Up Multiple Language Audio in Slideshows If you assign multiple language audio streams to each slide make sure that they are always in the same order For example add English first then German and then French Then in the Property Inspector for the slideshow set Audio Language 1 to English Audio Language 2 to German and Audio Language 3 to French Property Inspector Audio
132. sc Menu Settings area and Disc Media and Number Of Sides in the General area at the beginning because these properties work together to alert you if your project may be getting too big to fit on your disc A bar in the Graphical View shows you how much space is remaining After you have created the item that will appear when the disc starts up specify the Startup Action property in the General area A startup action is needed to use the Preview Mode of DVD Studio Pro Using DVD Studio Pro 69 70 Chapter 3 Setting Remote Control Properties for a New Project A DVD player has six standard remote control keys that are programmed to act in default ways However you can set up your DVD so that these keys perform different functions To do so you assign actions to the keys using the Remote Control area of the Property Inspector An action can be any item on a disc track marker story menu script slideshow or single slide If you do not specify actions for the remote control keys the default programming applies Note The programming of some set top player models may override the settings you make for your disc On those models navigation may not work the way you specify a Property Inspector Disc Start Menu Ch not set not set not set Time Search Time Play Prohibited gt r ohibitec Permitted gt b gt D mot set The standard remote control keys and their default assignments are listed here m
133. se Buttons Of property lets one marker inherit the settings of another 8 Jump to the next marker that you want to create buttons for Air 9 4 In the Property Inspector set the Use Buttons Of property to Heat Use Buttons Of Default Button Start of track coer rot seta Use Simple Overlay am eos T o os 9 You do not need to re create the buttons on the Air marker if you set the Use Buttons Of property Selected Set 1 Activated Set 1 Selected Set 2 Specifying the Shape of the Button Area That Changes Color As you saw in the last section you can use an overlay image to specify the button shapes in interactive markers You can also use overlay images to specify button highlights in buttons that are created by dragging over a previously created button image in a menu an overlay image masks the color change In this section you will modify the button highlights in the Scene menu Select the Scene menu In the Button Hilites area of the Property Inspector choose Overlay for OffBeat menu from the Overlay Picture pop up menu Double click the thumbnail area to open the menu editor The appearance of the buttons should change to display highlighting only in the areas defined within the overlay graphic In this case the buttons are outlined with the highlighted color instead of being completely covered by it OFF TEA R gt EB Wheth i Wheth OfRea i Co Rest B Button copy
134. set Previewing Angles You can preview your multi angle track Select the track then click the Preview button While the track is playing click the Angle key in the lower portion of the Preview window to switch to other views DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 25 26 Chapter 1 The angle indicator at the top of the Preview window shows the current selection lt q DVD Studio Pro 00 00 12 Audio 1 Subpicture O1 Angle 2 Note There may be a short delay before the new angle appears This is normal If previewing angles does not work make sure Show All Angles is selected in the Preview area of the Preferences window Creating a Still Menu Menus are graphic or video backdrops for buttons There are two types of menus still and motion Still menus use a Photoshop or PICT file for the background Motion menus use a video clip for the background In this section you will create a still menu Click the Add Menu button at the bottom of the Graphical View If the new menu tile overlaps the existing tile drag the new tile to another part of the Graphical View Name the menu Main Menu This menu will be the main menu for your project Note If the menu tile doesn t look like the one below choose Large from the View Size pop up menu in the Graphical View to see the large version of item tiles Miners m In the Property Inspector for this menu make sure the Picture area is expanded If not click the triangle n
135. stalled and must have a valid serial number The QuickTime MPEG Encoder outputs an MPEG 2 video stream at a variable bit rate VBR with a closed GOP Group of Pictures pattern and a fixed GOP size The exported MPEG video stream can be used for multi angle tracks The file type is m2v Preparing Source Material 59 60 Chapter 2 3 To export files prepared in Final Cut Pro or the QuickTime Player to MPEG 2 Choose Export from the File menu and QuickTime from the submenu In the dialog box that appears choose Movie to MPEG 2 from the Export pop up menu then choose a location and name for the file data Bloomies m2v Eject Johnny n Cari mov Overhead m2v Movie to AVI Movie to BMP Movie to DV Stream Movie to FLC Movie to Hinted Movie Movie to Image Sequence Movie to MPEG 2 Movie to Picture Export Movie to QuickTime Movie Use Default Settings v In the settings dialog box set options appropriate for your material m Select Save Audio if you want to encode both audio and video The QuickTime MPEG Encoder outputs PCM audio only m Select Write Protocol File to create a detailed encoding log in the destination folder The estimated size for the quality level you chose appears in the Info area QuickTime MPEG Encoder Video ntsc 43 Q PaL Q163 M Save Audio Field Dominance If you are working with Doren ed streams other than DV Quality strea
136. t Macrovision Copy Protection Macrovision DVD copy protection also known as the Analog Protection System APS thwarts attempts to copy DVD programming onto videotape Used on the majority of DVD Video discs currently being produced the technology degrades unauthorized copies made on consumer VCRs Almost all Hollywood studios as well as many special interest and corporate rights owners are using the technology to protect their content from unauthorized copying Note Use of analog copy protection for DVD applications is subject to the proprietary intellectual property rights of Macrovision Corporation of Sunnyvale California U S A and users require a usage agreement with Macrovision Corporation before the analog protection system activation bits are set to on For further information contact Macrovision m Telephone 408 743 8600 m Fax 408 743 8610 a Email acp info macrovision com m Web site www macrovision com More AboutDVD 155 Index number sign 103 dollar sign 102 percent sign 102 equal sign 102 square brackets 102 4 3 aspect ratio 58 16 9 aspect ratio 58 65 A A Pack 9 57125 139 audio settings 132 creating AC 3 format 125 127 described 63 125 digitizing sound 126 127 mixing sound 126 playback 134 136 recording sound 126 AC 3 format audio streams 62 batch jobs 129 131 comparison 147 converting to 128 129 creating 125 127 described 146 DVD Audio 145 146
137. t in Batches beginning on page 129 Instant Encoder Low Frequency Li To encode a single AC 3 stream Drag a sound file to an input channel button or click a button and choose a sound file in the dialog box that appears If you assign a sound file that has more than one channel choose the channel you want to assign in the Channel pop up menu and click OK Select Input Channel is Which of the channels of Six Channel QT would you like tos Sound 1 Right Sound 2 v Sound3 fE Sound 4 Sound 5 Sound 6 poancel Channel The name of the file appears on the input channel button Repeat steps 1 and 2 until all input channels are assigned If you want to specify encoding settings click the expansion triangle in the upper right corner of the Instant Encoder For information about settings see Specifying Encoding Settings beginning on page 131 Click Encode Specify a name and location for the file To change the assigned channel of a multiple channel sound file Hold down the Control key and click the input channel button then choose a new channel in the pop up menu Converting to AC 3 Format in Batches If you have more than one job to process you can set them up as a batch and encode them all at once To create an encoding batch Choose New Batch List from the File menu Select the source file for each channel by doing one of the following a Click Select and choos
138. t property 79 comments 75 79 103 composited video clips 64 65 compound statements 102 compression audio 146 constants 102 containers adding items to 74 Assets container 20 Audio Streams container 23 24 collapsing 84 displaying in Asset Matrix 84 expanding 84 jumping to 73 Languages container 87 opening in separate window 75 Index 159 160 Index Contents Scrambling System CSS 80 151 control structures 109 Copy Generation Management System See CGMS Copy Properties command 78 copy protection CSS 80 151 Macrovision 151 154155 region codes 151 technology for 150 151 CSS Contents Scrambling System 151 CSS property 80 data scrambling 80 151 data rate too high error 122 DAV drivers 135 DCT discrete cosine transformation 145 debugging 116 119 debugging window 110116 117 decoders VOBU errors and 122 decoding AC 3 streams 136 Default Button property 81 description files 83 119 Digital Theatre System DTS format 147 digitizing sound 126 127 Disc area Property Inspector 79 Disc Media property 69 79 Disc Menu Settings area Property Inspector 80 Disc Menu Settings property 69 discrete cosine transformation DCT 145 discs actions for 82 assigning Finder label to 79 build errors 120 building 53123 124 comments 79 copy protecting 80 creating 13123 124 dual layer 124 142 errors while building 122 naming 79 properties 2269 80 region codes 79 size of 79 writing to 10 dis
139. ter Usually you work with your primary video and audio tracks together as a single file until they are encoded At that point they need to be separated into audio and video elementary streams The end result of this phase of the production is m edited video material either on tape or in digital format such as QuickTime edited audio material either on tape or in digital format such as SoundDesigner AIFF or WAVE Preparing Video Content Encoding Video to MPEG Format Before it can be imported into DVD Studio Pro video material must be encoded in a DVD compatible format usually MPEG 2 You can encode material using software if your video is in the form of QuickTime movies you can use the QuickTime MPEG Encoder or hardware a hardware encoder usually requires the material on tape Make sure the tool you use produces separate DVD compliant audio and video streams DVD Studio Pro cannot use multiplexed MPEG streams such as System Program or Transport streams The QuickTime MPEG Encoder When you install DVD Studio Pro a new MPEG 2 exporting option becomes available to the QuickTime Player and Final Cut Pro and other applications that support the QuickTime Export feature DVD Studio Pro installs a new extension in the QuickTime Extensions folder inside the Extensions folder in the System Folder Note To use the QuickTime MPEG Export feature your computer needs at least 25 MB of available RAM DVD Studio Pro must be in
140. ternational Standards Organization ISO 144 in title menus 150 intra frames I Frames 145 ISO International Standards Organization 144 items adding to containers 74 assigning 75 assigning scripts to 99 copying properties to 78 deleting 118 descriptions 120 displaying properties 74 importing 95 incomplete items 118 121 linking 39 40 72 75 opening editor for 82 pasting properties to 78 previewing 114 115 reordering 74 viewing properties 21 78 working with 74 item tiles 73 J Joint Photographic Experts Group JPEG 144 JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group 144 Jump Action property 81 jump actions 81 85 jumping to labels 103 to markers 36 in scripts 108 when track is finished 41 Jump Matrix 83 85 K K1212io0 Sound Manager drivers 135 karaoke 148 keyboard shortcuts 96 Korg 1212io cards 135 L Label property 79 labels 75 103 languages assigning new language 87 88 changing 70 described 17 maximum number allowed 87 motion menus and 65 multiple 17 65 89 working with 87 88 Languages container 87 layer 2 audio format 62 Layer Matrix 83 86 Layer menu 64 Layer property 81 layers Effects layers 63 flattening 63 Photoshop files 63 81 86 selecting 28 stillmenu graphics 63 tips for using 63 letterbox format 58 LFE Low Frequency Effects 126 LFE channel 138 139 linear PCM format 145 146 147 links appearance of 72 to buttons 81 color of 72 deleting and 118 to items 39 75 Photosh
141. tes up to 9 8 Mbps DVD Video can display the picture in a 16 9 aspect ratio but the number of pixels used doesn t increase MPEG 2 can be encoded with a variable bit rate VBR which means that simple scenes use less space on the disc than complex scenes This decreases storage requirements while increasing quality in complex scenes With most video material VBR encoding makes it possible to record considerably more than the minimum hour s worth of playing time on a DVD Video standard Resolution Frequency Hz Aspect ratio PAL 720x576 251 4 3 or 16 9 NTSC 720 x 480 29 971 4 3 or 16 9 1 In contrast to MPEG 1 MPEG 2 makes it possible for both fields of a video frame to be encoded PAL 50 Hz NTSC 59 94 Hz 144 Appendix B The MPEG standard for video defines three frame types I P and B Frames Each is compressed in a different way Specific sequences of these frame types make up a Group of Pictures GOP The result of stringing together GOPs is an MPEG video stream Playback of an MPEG video stream can only start from the beginning of a GOP I Frames Intra Frames IFrames are encoded independently of other frames They are equivalent to key frames in other video compression processes The complete frame is divided into macro blocks using a technique similar to that of JPEG The blocks are transformed mathematically using discrete cosine transformation DCT The results are quantified and compressed using simple Statis
142. text Style the text using the buttons along the top of the Subtitles window sy mm MMD E Syntax Bold Size 36 D In 00 00 00 00 Out 00 00 03 28 Diz In E Bf D in oo00 19 17 5 Out 0000 23 16 The results appear in the Preview window Important Don t use more than four text colors within a subtitle stream If you are using more than one subtitle within one track use no more than two colors including black and white Because of the technical limitations of the DVD Video standard and the small amount of memory available on consumer DVD players using more colors may cause subtitles to display incorrectly during play Working With Languages and Subtitles 93 94 Chapter 4 Changing the Location and Duration of Subtitles To change the In point Out point or duration of the current subtitle do one of the following m Inthe Subtitles window type a new time code in the In or Out box Choose Set In Point or Set Out Point from the Subtitle menu Locking and Unlocking Subtitle Positions You can lock the In point or Out point of a subtitle the point in the track where it appears or disappears If you do so the subtitle will always begin or end at that point even if it is linked to other subtitles whose In or Out points subsequently change To lock a subtitle do one of the following a Inthe Subtitles window select the subtitle and click the lock ic
143. tical procedures P Frames Predicted Frames P Frames take advantage of the fact that successive frames of a video are often very similar But instead of simply calculating the difference between two pictures and then compressing what has been changed the system also checks whether the macro blocks have been displaced Therefore a displacement vector can be calculated for each macro block that has moved The rest of the picture is encoded like an I Frame but quantification uses different parameters Since a P Frame only contains the data that has changed it can t be played on its own B Frames Bidirectional Predicted Frames These frames are encoded like P Frames except that the displacement vectors are calculated based on both the previous and subsequent frames This allows additional redundancies to be removed from the picture data B Frames need to be placed in the stream according to their time stamp because the subsequent frame in time must be loaded and decompressed first in order to display the B Frame This is why B Frames can t be displayed on their own Audio in DVD Video The DVD standard allows audio material in three formats PCM AC 3 and MPEG audio It also supports variations such as DTS and SDDS Multiple sound tracks can be linked and multi channel support is built in Playback systems automatically downsample multi channel tracks for play on normal stereo equipment Audio formats for PAL and NTSC differ slight
144. tor Previewing Testing and Building Your DVD 115 116 Chapter 6 Debugging You can use the DVD Studio Pro debugging feature to locate linking mistakes Debugging in Preview Mode To view debugging information while you are previewing Click the button shown below in the upper right corner of the Preview window The debugging window shows the following information last item played current item playing current track value of each variable used in a script log of each action Last Item Current Item catamaran mpy Current Track catamaran mpy ariables 32464 2 1 a it i Log 15126153 Pk 15 26 53 Preview started 15 26 53 Playing Disc Untitled 15 26 53 Playing Script Start 15 26 53 A 32464 A 32464 15 26 53 B 2 B 2 15 26 53 C 1 C 1 15 26 53 play script NYRAM 15 26 53 Playing Script NYRAM 15 26 53 poke 1 15 26 53 play track 15 26 53 Playing Track If you are authoring a disc for use on a Philips Professional DVD Player and you turn on Use NVRAM in the Preferences dialog box the debugging window also shows the values assigned to its registers and buttons that allow you to clear load and save the contents of the registers 15 26 53 ook 15 26 53 Preview started 15 26 53 Playing Disc Untitled 15 26 53 Playing Script Start 126 A 32464 A 32464 B 2 B 2 c 1 C1 play script NVRAM 3 Playing Script NYRAM 3 poke 1 3 play track 15 26 53 Playing Trac
145. ts The variables store data used by scripts To create a variable you use it in a script or name it in the Property Inspector The variables are stored as properties of the disc Important DVD players reset the content of all variables whenever the viewer uses the Time Search or Time Play functions of the remote control If your project depends on maintaining variable values you should prohibit use of these functions To do so view the disc in the Property Inspector open the Remote Control area and choose Prohibited from the Time Search Time Play pop up menu To view global script variables Select the disc to see its properties in the Property Inspector Property Inspector Variable 1 Variable 2 Variable 3 Variable 4 Variable 5 Variable 6 Variable 7 myVariable1 Click to edit variable names Viewing Script Properties To view or change information about a script Select a script In the Property Inspector make the changes you want Property Inspector a Dommere o A The DVD Video standard limits the number of commands in a script to 128 One line of a script is roughly equivalent to one command The Commands Used and Commands Free values give an indication of the size of the script Scripting Reference About Registers Parameters and Variables Variables are called registers or parameters in the parlance of DVD Video players Each player has several registers or parameters Each registe
146. u have installed See the documentation that came with your sound system for further details ASIO Setup ASIO Output Device Please select the ASIO output device to be used for playback Only one device is supported at a time Output Channel Mapping amp Pack maps AC 3 channels to your hardware s output channels as follows Ch 1 Left Ch 4 LFE Subwoofer Ch 2 Right Ch 5 Left Surround Ch 3 Center Ch 6 Right Surround cancel_J ox J ASIO Compatibility Notes m A Pack allocates surround sound channels to a driver s output channels in the following order Left Right Center LFE subwoofer Left Surround Right Surround a fyou re using a Korg 1212io card all ASIO data is sent to ADAT outputs 1 6 in the order specified in the ASIO Setup window To use the Analog or S PDIF outputs of the Korg 1212io card install and turn on the K1212io Sound Manager driver and choose Sound Manager as the output system in the Preferences dialog box m The Apple DAV and Apple Sound Manager ASIO drivers do not support playback at 48 kHz To use these choose Sound Manager as the output system in the Preferences dialog box Using A Pack to Encode AC 3 Sound 135 136 Appendix A Playing an AC 3 Stream To play an AC 3 stream within A Pack through your currently selected output system Select a file to play by doing one of the following m Click the Select button and choose a file from the dialog box that appears
147. u will add buttons to the second and third markers in your story Heat and Air These are actually the third and fifth markers in the track Double click the thumbnail area on the OffBeat Scenes track to open the marker editor and choose Heat from the marker pop up menu In the Buttons area of the Property Inspector choose Overlay for track buttons from the Overlay Picture pop up menu For the Normal state of the button choose the medium gray in the pop up menu and set its transparency to 80 percent DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 45 46 Chapter 1 4 For Selected Set 1 choose light brown at 66 percent For the Activated Set 1 choose yellow at 100 percent perun uton e smsi mm y e measa o Semoasz mm y 08 nessa mm y 08 5 Draw buttons enclosing the two button images and their text Because you are using an overlay image that contains button graphics the shape of the buttons will reflect the overlay image instead of being a solid rectangle You should now see the highlights outlining the button images in the video In the Property Inspector name the button enclosing the left pointing arrow Action Menu and name the button enclosing the right pointing arrow Main Menu Set the Jump when activated properties for the two buttons a Action Menu Scene menu a Main Menu Main Menu m For this track you will use the same buttons in both markers The U
148. udio Pro sets the marker at the closest valid location which may not be the exact number you entered DVD Studio Pro Tutorial 35 36 Chapter 1 6 Add two more markers You can follow the steps above or click the New Marker button at the bottom of the marker editor Make sure you set the marker s location before you name the marker 5 Start of track p m Add a marker named Air at 1 00 00 a Adda marker named Chill at 1 31 00 To jump to other markers while in the marker editor choose them from the marker pop up menu 3 Startoftrack i Heat Air X When you re finished close the marker editor Your list of markers should look something like this Tutorial Tracks OffBeat Scenes Markers BE Previewing Markers You can see how markers work by previewing the OffBeat Scenes track Select the OffBeat Scenes track and click Preview Click the Next Track key also called the Skip key on the remote control to jump to the next marker After you reach the last marker the video track plays until the end The Next Track key will not take you from the last marker back to the Start of track marker Click the Stop key to return to the DVD Studio Pro workspace Creating a Slideshow Besides tracks which hold video and audio a DVD can contain slideshows which hold sequences of still images or video clips with or without audio A slideshow can be set to advance automatically or to wait f
149. ult 68 Index 169 170 Index U UDF Universal Disk Format 142 UDF file system 143 Universal Disk Format UDF 142 unlocking subtitles 94 Use ccess option 68 Use Buttons Of property 47 v variable bit rate VBR 59 144 Variable Names area Property Inspector 80 variables conventions 102 creating 100 global variables 80100 limitations of 102 local variables 102 VBR variable bit rate 59 144 video 16 9 aspect ratio 58 capturing 58 creating for interactive markers 65 creating tracks for 22 24 DVD Video 144 145 encoding 12 62 letterbox format 58 looping 34 multi angle video 62 specifications 152 VIDEO_TS folder 53 55 110 113 121 150 video clips 64 video elementary streams 59 video streams alternate angles and 24 subtitles for 89 96 video title sets 17 video tracks See tracks views described 18 71 Graphical View 72 73 Matrix Views 83 86 Project View 74 75 Property Inspector 76 82 VOB files 150 W X Y Z WAVE format 62 126 153 Web browsers 68 Web links adding to projects 48 50 opening with Web browser 68 Web sites Apple DVD Studio Pro 14 Digital Theatre System 147 Dolby Digital 139 Windows menu 91 workspace 18
150. utting it together in DVD Studio Pro If you are converting an existing program to DVD you need to gather your original video and audio material and design graphics for the DVD menus See Chapter 2 Preparing Source Material on page 57 for detailed information on how to prepare your source material to work with DVD Studio Pro Encoding Video and Audio The video and audio you use in your project needs to be encoded that is converted to DVD compliant formats The most commonly used formats are MPEG 2 for video and AC 3 for audio See Appendix B More About DVD on page 141 for more information about the different formats that you can use and the pros and cons of each DVD Studio Pro is designed to work easily with files from Final Cut Pro but you can use any video and audio creation software that can create files compatible with the MPEG encoder that you plan to use The encoder must be able to create DVD compliant streams with audio and video in separate files You will probably find it easiest to save assets as QuickTime movies and use the QuickTime MPEG Encoder that comes with DVD Studio Pro See The QuickTime MPEG Encoder on page 59 for more information oa h WOW N Authoring With DVD Studio Pro The role of DVD Studio Pro is to orchestrate your linear video and audio material and graphics into interactive DVD Video complete with menus buttons subtitles and alternate languages or sound tracks You can scri
151. verlay for OffBeat menu Overlay for track buttons Overlay Picture Slide 1 7 Slide 2 Use Simple Overlay Slide 3 Slide 4 Still menus psd Selected Set 1 Angle 1 m2v Activated Set 1 Selected Set 2 Angle 2 m2v Ang OffBeat Menu m2y OffBeat Scenes mpy Activated Set 2 Choose OffBeat menu AIFF from the Audio pop up menu to add an audio stream to the menu a OO orem D oe D Choose Edit from the Item menu to open the menu editor or double click the thumbnail area The first frame of the selected video stream and one untitled button are visible Drag the button into position over the small video window in the lower left corner and resize it to enclose the entire underwater image Draw five additional buttons three for the remaining video windows and one each for the Main and Next arrows When you re finished your menu should look something like this OffBeat Action Whether yau re inti heat sold water or ai OffBeat Ketreat has a sport for you Ride the Wave Feel the Heat Cet Some Air Chill out Leave your water You may never At 23 000 feet Put some spice Winga at hame saal aff na heat in yaur abi life Important You must create and edit the video asset you use for a motion menu using a program such as Final Cut Pro before you work with it in DVD Studio Pro The QuickTime file used to create this motion menu is pr
152. w the creation of flexible content using simple building blocks DVD Audio Replaces the current Red Book audio CD standard delivering higher sound quality and including the flexibility of adding video or other data Supports audio sampling rates up to 192 kHz Hybrid DVD A type of DVD Video or audio disc that includes additional files that do not comply with the DVD Video and audio standards More AboutDVD 143 Video in DVD Video The DVD standard supports video material encoded in either MPEG 1 or MPEG 2 format MPEG 2 video can be displayed on a full wide or 16 9 screen MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group is a group that came together in 1980 under the auspices of the International Standards Organization ISO to define a standard for the compression of digital video and audio data The format it developed is based on the H 261 standard and includes some algorithms and experience derived from JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group MPEG 1 MPEG 1 is used when picture quality is less important It allows a maximum data rate of 1 8 megabits per second Mbps and is always encoded at a constant bit rate CBR so simple and complex scenes require the same amount of data per second With suitable source material this yields quality roughly equivalent to VHS tape Video standard Resolution Frequency Hz Aspect ratio PAL 352 x 288 25 43 NTSC 352 x 240 29 97 4 3 MPEG 2 MPEG 2 gives higher picture quality by allowing data ra
153. what these keys do within your project For this tutorial you ll program the Title and Menu keys to display the main menu Select the disc by clicking an empty area of the Graphical View In the Remote Control area of the Property Inspector choose Main Menu from the Title pop up menu and the Menu pop up menu Note In the Apple DVD Player the Title key is called the Disc key For more information about setting remote control keys see Setting Remote Control Properties for a New Project on page 70 Previewing Links and Actions Now that you have created links set actions and specified remote control keys you can use Preview Mode and interact with your project much as you would if you were playing it in a DVD player Note You can see how all your tiles are linked together by choosing Always from the Lines menu in the Graphical View Graphical View GoTo Never Selected Items Always Configure Follow these steps to preview your project Select the Main Menu and click the Preview button Use the onscreen remote control keys at the bottom of the window to control your project m Use the arrow keys to move from one button to another To activate a button jump to the item that the button is linked to select the button and click OK in the remote control m Use the Next Track and Previous Track keys to move through slides or to jump between markers To return to the previously active tra

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