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GS7048E & GS3548E Operator`s Manual

1. 14 lolo T M 14 ET e R s E 15 LI I E E 17 Se RN 18 WT Re e T 18 E e K on i 19 Description of Inverter Operations se sese 22 Te n s T e 22 ET Re eT 22 a eg ce 0 Ta HTHH 23 BO IRL oed E E E E EE E A A A A N MEUM MUNERE IUD ME 23 Tei E oc ec AEA EIA AA A PT AN IA aes a Gos E AEE A E A E PN 24 AC CUNEN e CI e TE E E E E EE E E E HQ 24 nc OUR ECAC PEE TTT 25 EI Ld ae TTT 26 RETE H 26 Ba ifo aco MN AOON 27 Chal de CUI TODE oim eer S nth te Miter eat Ten E A E Im ee een ee eae ee rene eee err eee 27 Balie aE N AA M 27 argo ae ec Io NE m 28 ETT Cal n NETT 29 New VAIN I CI c 31 FCAT Te sees RO 33 Battery Temperature Compensation sss ssss sss ss vesse seves sese EO E 33 6 r M 35 900 0145 01 01 Rev
2. ssesssessesssesseessesseesseoseesseoseesseessesseesees 42 AUX IVI OCIS SET Tante s ers ec EMEN MU ANE 46 RSS Fe e Tee diae adotta hu i o n d tete adt NS iUt 51 Error Troubl shoOoOtlh9 oii reti RR Rt oM utc dieto tut seris Es 57 Warning TFro ublesnoOtllig xao OE amita Nd n E den NN 58 Temperature S i REND E irr Eni oio us vid 59 GOV ANIM GS os esp RD Eb p Mp Nhu am 59 DISCONNECT Troublesnootlng 5 eerie tlc ibi pite co ves EUER RUE EUN dS 60 Sell Status MesSdde5s ae eR RR IR RID RN UR WE nU INNUIT RR 61 Electrical Specifications for Radian Models sss 63 Mechanical Specifications for Radian Models sss 64 Environmental Specifications for Radian Models sse 64 ASAI IS Acceptance SENING S saei edm aa IRI eens 66 Ra lai Inverter SettirigS scanner pA TAROT IETR SEU D ERTVDATAW REOS UNO IIT EUIS 67 Terms apad DSTI ON S aceto HR pe ERO castes Fi DR es i DEED RI O TG 70 Radian Series Inverter Charger ainnirean an a aa 7 MATE3 System Display and Controller sss 8 AG WSU ea 10 Chargirid Stages OVER TIM essorer uet E E AN G 28 Charging Stages Over Time 24 7 csssssssssscssssssssssssssssscsssssscscsssssscecsssecssesesscasseseesssesecseasees 28 Repeated Charging Cycles atomes ero eet cedro i UR te e rii nies 32 OutBack HUBA ahd MATES oreet dte ton n tos tous t ah P Ene Dis d 36 Example of Parallel Stacking Arrangement Three Inverters 37 Example of Three Phase Stack
3. d IMPORTANT This function is higher priority than Gen Alert or any other inverter function It can activate the 12V AUX or RELAY AUX even if the inverter has disabled them When AGS is in use Gen Alert and other AUX functions should be disabled on that AUX output by setting it to OFF This will avoid programming conflicts IMPORTANT When using AGS or Gen Alert the generator must be connected to the inverter s GEN terminals If the input priority is set to GRID and the GRID terminals are energized an automatically controlled generator will shut down This prevents an automatic generator from working correctly when using the GRID terminals Grid Functions The following functions affect the transfer of the Radian inverter to and from an AC source usually the utility grid These functions are based in the system display because they are system wide They affect the transfer of all inverters on the system High Battery Transfer HBX In HBX mode the system is connected to the utility grid However it will use battery power as the first priority The utility grid is locked out until needed The system runs on battery supplied power for as long as the batteries can be sustained It is expected that the system will be supplied by renewable sources such as PV power When the batteries become depleted the system reconnects to the utility grid to operate the loads The batteries may be recharged during this time using the renewable
4. Ina48 Vdc system 24 cells 2 volts each this means 0 12 volts per degree Celsius above or below 25 C Maximum compensation is 2 4 Vdc EXAMPLES gt A48Vdc system with batteries at 15 C will compensate its charging to 1 2 Vdc higher than the set points gt A48Vdc system with batteries at 40 C will compensate its charging to 1 8 Vdc lower than the set points Slope Some batteries require different amounts of compensation The OutBack FLEXmax Extreme charge controller has an adjustable rate of compensation slope and is not limited to 5 mV The FLEXmax Extreme can be networked with the Radian with the HUB Communications Manager If this is done the Radian can import the slope setting from the FLEXmax Extreme charge controller La NOTE Temperature compensation only applies to the battery charging function Other set points in the inverter such as the AUX functions are not compensated for temperature 34 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Offset Ju This operation is designed to use excess battery energy to power the loads when an AC source is present This allows the system to take advantage of renewable energy sources in effect offsetting dependence on the AC source A renewable energy source will raise the battery voltage as it charges the batteries When the voltage exceeds a designated reference voltage the Radian inverter begins drawing power from the batteries discharging them and using that power to offset usag
5. 6 Low Battery V point usually due to battery discharge those conditions as appropriate This error can be triggered by other causes It If it occurs by itself Recharge the batteries can appear along with Low Output Voltage AC The error will clear automatically if an AC Output Shorted or AC Output Backfeed errors source is connected and the charger turns on DC voltage exceeded acceptable level See Check the charging source This problem is page 22 usually the result of external charging The error clears automatically if conditions are removed High Battery V Inverter has exceeded its maximum allowed Allow the inverter to remain off to reduce the operating temperature See page Error temperature or add external cooling Bookmark not defined Comm Fault The inverter has suffered an internal Contact OutBack Technical Support communication failure Loose DC Neg Loose DC connection on left L or right R Tighten all DC connections between inverter Terminals L or R internal power module and battery If error is not resolved contact OutBack Technical Support AC Relay Fault AC transfer relay damaged Contact OutBack Technical Support 6 This error will clear automatically when the cause of the error is resolved The inverter will begin functioning again when this occurs Over Temperature 7 See inside front cover of this manual 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 57 Troubleshooting Warning Messages A war
6. See page 23 If this occurs the source acceptance range should be adjusted to match this nominal value or the inverter may not accept the new source normally Thevoltage limits can be adjusted to allow or exclude a source with weak or irregular voltages These items are adjustable in the appropriate menu of the MATE3 Grid AC Input Mode and Limits or Gen AC Input Mode and Limits The settings are titled Voltage Limit Lower and Upper There can be side effects to changing the range of allowed voltages gt Each of the AC inputs has a settable Connect Delay This is intended as a warmup period which allows an input source to stabilize before connection The default setting for the Grid input is 0 2 minutes 12 seconds The default setting for the Gen input is 0 5 minutes 30 seconds These items are adjustable in the appropriate menu of the MATE3 Grid AC Input Mode and Limits or Gen AC Input Mode and Limits NOTES gt The Grid Tied input mode does not use these acceptance limits and uses the Grid Interface Protection settings instead See page 17 for more information The inverter may not accept AC power if it meets the settings noted here but does not meet the Grid Interface Protection settings AC Acceptance is controlled separately between the Radian inverter s two inputs An AC source that is unacceptable on one input may be acceptable on the other if the input mode or settings are different gt Certain input
7. gt DC Divert ON Delay AC Divert ON Delay AC Divert OFF Batt lt 900 0145 01 01 Rev B n l age Eee a l e l e l e l e l i e l e ee l aa oo om em l Pd Specifications Table 17 Radian Inverter Settings Inverter Stacking Stack Mode Master Slave B Phase Master C Phase Master Ranking Mode B Phase Master Master Power Save Level Mode C Phase Master Master Power Save Level Grid Tie Sell Sell Voltage 52 0 44 0 Vdc 64 0 Vdc GS7048E Auto Auto Left Right Both Module Control Module Control GS3548E Left Auto Left Right Both Grid AC Input Voltage x owe Xe HT Gen AC Input Voltage Calibrate a E x Output Voltage X owe ove o o Battery Voltage Ea 0 0 Vdc 0 8 Vdc 0 8 Vdc Grid Interface Protection Menu operating Frequency operating rregueng x so H OSS Stage 1 Voltage Trip OverVotage learanceTime x 1Sseconds Giiscnk l overvottge Trip X 29x move 39v under Voltage CearanceTime x i5swonds Or2seconds 4oseconds UnderVotageTip TR zev tove novc ETTR HT H TE 1 CH X zav move H T IE H H underVotageTip TR reve tove T Vac Er ncy Tri equency irip Over Frequency 0 2 seconds 0 12 seconds 5 0 seconds Clearance Time Over 50 Hz pU 51 0 Hz suns ee 1Hz 55 sane Hz Frequency Trip 60 Hz 60 Hzsystem 10H 0 Hz 60 1 Hz 65 0 Hz Under Frequency 03 seconds 0 12 seconds 5 0 seconds Clea
8. 24 35 Summary Ta aa On o dete 21 Input PrIOFltles atiende redi nO Era er te deiriv s 24 AVEN G pe UN 22 L LBCO Low Battery Cut Out esses 22 Levels Power Rave sss sena 39 Load Grid Transfer sss 18 48 POAC SCC use ettet ssi ioo teiutd 43 Low battery Cut hi eio Res 22 M MATE OC MATEZ a5 dA incinien evade dee idi 6 MATES scende N 6 8 49 51 MIDE RET T 18 47 IMOGOOS cedet Uh ede ON Sv M cea a eite oU 6 Backs es dde ettet eee debet nde 18 GelbeldtO 2 tct ee Pa omit eee 14 ET a oio RETRO RR NE RR 15 Ga ZOO ion ree Dr ir Die de ti dete tee caede ee 19 TSE enc 6 TTT 18 47 SUMMINIArY 1 s oi dO RS RP Ded 21 SUDDOP creme eer Renee repr ner acter her een tie mene err Penn tm 14 OPS hee NM eed te ec Ue M ee 17 Module Select Ee terti sta ctadesacdcicdehecssa 56 IVI GUILE MRNA RU 39 Q e TTT 35 Output PROQUCNGCY adita nitent dr neto 23 VORIGE E 23 P Parallel Stacklhg sea R 37 POWER SdV sss ici vites vnb beit lvivtesec tu eise e 39 Powetindg DOWN enne te ce e sita ee aie 11 72 R Regula OL V sse e OR DIR REOR IN HAE 65 REV AUX T MT dads stosnsne E T 43 Remote System Display esses 70 Remote Temperature Sensor RTS 33 70 SALO Doce cmt teda OON DREAM H 5 eT M 23 Sell SCANS ni eodeni rea 61 SUES a RT ANE 67 Silent CHAOIN T 30 POWER SAV ec E 39 OUNCES i dU eiie heroe Oar ne etse Oe 45 Specifications meia
9. 57 It appears as an event on the MATES system display This function is intended to protect both the batteries and the inverter s output Continuing to invert on a low DC voltage may produce a distorted waveform This item is adjustable 22 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Low Battery Cut In The recovery point from Low Battery Cut Out When the DC voltage rises above this point for 10 minutes the error will clear and the inverter will resume functioning This item is adjustable Connecting an AC source for the Radian to charge the batteries will also clear a low battery error gt Output Voltage The AC output voltage can be adjusted Along with small changes this allows the inverter to be used for different nominal single phase voltages such as 220 Vac 230 Vac and 240 Vac IMPORTANT The output voltage can adjusted to a different nominal value for a particular region Making this change will not affect the default input voltage range accepted by the inverter from an AC source The input range must be adjusted manually These changes should be made at the same time See AC Source Acceptance on page 24 gt The inverter is also controlled by a high battery cut out limit If the DC voltage rises above this limit the inverter will immediately stop functioning and give a High Battery V error This is one of the error messages described on page 57 The shutdown occurs to protect the inverter from damage due excessive DC voltage It app
10. 65 EU These inverter charger models have grid interactive functions All models are tested to comply with certain limits for acceptable output voltage ranges acceptable output frequency total harmonic distortion THD and anti islanding performance when 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 65 Specifications the inverter exports power to a utility source The OutBack inverter charger models listed in this document are validated through compliance testing The following specifications refer to exporting power to a simulated utility source of less than 1 voltage total harmonic distortion THD gt The THD of the root mean square RMS current is less than 5 gt The output of the Radian inverter exceeds the minimum power factor of 0 85 with a typical power factor of 0 96 or better The reconnection delay has a default setting of 1 minute The grid interactive default settings are shown in the Grid Interface Protection Menu portion of Table 17 on page 69 The Grid Interface Protection settings are adjustable However this is only available to operators with installer level access The reason for this limitation is that there are firm rules concerning the acceptable voltage range frequency range clearance time during power loss and reconnect delay when exporting power back to the utility The rules differ in different locations around the world although generally it is expected that the settings cannot be altered by the end user For this reason
11. AUEI STER 5 Svmbols Usedom nmelimnemmPREERInI HORUM UHR ERR ETEnOIMIRURREM NC HEEH 5 General Sale acdstememiasiinb Td ERE OR nep dh Pda Od UE nU HIR US NET UE 5 Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies sss sss 6 BEV R lt dst A CU OEMS RR MM m 6 CO M Clo Y Oe 7 e ITEMS diego T ET EE A E E A ET 8 REE N r E E E E EE UU OA N TEA N 8 MATES System Display and Controller sss 8 COMMISSIONI sse svai i039 39A R VATER TENES SERERE TRIS E TERR CAREER ARX RARE VERAS S ATA EVE E S VERS EPA PPEIR II PPRIMEOE ahis edel 9 Pre startup Procedures ccssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssessssssssesssssessseseseeesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesesescsesesesesesesesesesesesesesees 9 cil 9 zodiaci m 11 Rading New DEVICES c H 11 Fiimware Bera NR 12 See tb TIT TT I I I LN K Inverter Functionality uu esesssssesecssssssssccsssssesscscscsssesecscsssssesecscsssesesscsssssescsesssssessescaesucsesssesecsescassesscseassesecscacasseseces 13 Description of AC Input Modes uu sss sss 13 Eripe eT
12. Charging Stages Over Time 24 7 28 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Charging Steps The following items describe the operation and intended use for each individual charging step as shown in the graphs Note that some charging cycles may not follow this exact sequence These include cycles which were previously interrupted and also customized charging Each step describes how to defeat or customize the step if specialized charging is required See page 31 for a description of multiple cycles when the charger is restarted after completion This page also describes multiple cycles when the charger is restarted after being interrupted For multiple inverters The charging of parallel stacked inverters is synchronized by the master inverter The charger settings of slave or subphase masters are ignored Slaves or subphase masters use the master inverter settings No Charging If the inverter is not charging any of the following conditions may apply gt The unit is not connected to a qualified AC source If a generator is present it may not be running gt The unitis connected to an AC source but is in a mode or step such as Silent that does not use the charger gt The unit is connected to an AC source but the charger has been turned off Bulk Stage This is the first stage in the three stage charge cycle It is a constant current stage which drives the battery voltage up This stage typically leaves the batteries at 7596 to 9096 of their capac
13. Choice for the New Grid Corporate Headquarters 17825 59 Avenue N E Suite B Arlington WA 98223 USA 1 360 435 6030 900 0145 01 01 Rev B European Office Hansastrasse 8 D 91126 Schwabach Germany 49 9122 79889 0
14. Electrical noise can cause false readings on the metering circuits when no voltage is present The readings are usually less than 30 Vac If this is the case no action is required Disconnect AC output wires Turn the inverter off and then on If the problem clears reconnect the AC output wires If the problem recurs when reconnected an external AC source is connected to the output Check HUB ports and make certain the master inverter is plugged into port 1 MATES system display only Check stacking settings in the Inverter Stacking menu Only one master is allowed per system Test the generator or device to confirm functionality Test the appropriate AUX terminals with a DVM If the RELAY AUX terminals are in use test for continuity If the 12V AUX terminals are in use test for 12 Vdc If the proper results are present when the menu indicates the function is On and the device still does not work then there is an external connection problem If the proper results are not present with the function On the AUX circuit may be damaged Contact OutBack Technical Support MATE3 system display only Confirm that the AUX menu that was programmed matches the terminals that are in use The Auxiliary Output menu programs the 12V AUX terminals The Auxiliary Relay menu programs the RELAY AUX terminals If generator or external device requires 12 Vdc confirm the 12V AUX terminals have been connected The RELAY AUX terminals do not provide vo
15. Mer 63 Environmental sscsad aano ene teda ed ina 64 Mechanicals eec tiie ten reete ane Nets 64 Regulator ea PRI HR OR 65 SLACKING scandit M be ER ERE ER E 36 Parallels Gent a a lie taat a 37 Three Phase sese 38 Std t UD std inu bord uvas rari idet t 9 SUP DOME aceite ai telnet ide dui tius 14 VUNG ibis S poo Late FDA RI MUS E 8 SVIMDOIS SEC aetate vo MERERI 5 System Display eese 38 49 51 70 T Temperat aiaei arabat 58 59 64 65 Temperature Compensation eese 33 Terms and Definitions 70 IEE peas pecu AA MUI IA LI 9 MOS ele OM CS T a 10 51 Three Phase Stacking eee 38 Timers ADSOFPDLOD couche a Ou Pi a HER 29 EQUANZE ET 33 gere M EUR 31 Transfer Relay eese eene ee tetenten 24 26 Troubleshooting ust ettet 51 Disconnect Messages eese entente 60 EOP Messages ooa te HN N Mus 57 Sell Status Messages sss 61 Warning Messages eeeseeeeseeee ener tn enean 58 U Updating Firmware eere 12 67 UPS enano tid NIAI ER Made 17 Ea TE e le c 38 70 900 0145 01 01 Rev B V W Vent Fan Control aisi o ee OTRO MERE 44 Warning SymmbDOl aci d RSEN ORT TAA 5 WY QUIN Ss decet er tena debe in tense rut indt 58 UZ s xis Reano io REO RENNES 12 67 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 73 Cut Sack POWER member of The alpha Group Masters of the Off Grid First
16. Models Model Maximum DC Output sent to battery Maximum AC Input used from source Charge Cycle The inverter uses a three stage battery charging process which is designed around batteries using lead acid chemistry The three stages are Bulk Absorption and Float These stages follow a series of steps which are shown on graphs and described in text see page 28 On the graphs the transitions between steps are marked with vertical dotted lines A circle indicates that the inverter has begun 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 27 Operation charging to a new voltage setting A square indicates that the inverter has reached the setting a horizontal dotted line A triangle indicates that the inverter has stopped charging and is no longer using the previous set point The charging may have stopped for any of several reasons The battery voltage must drop to one of several low set points before the inverter resumes charging Specialized Charging Lithium ion sodium sulfur and similar advanced battery technologies may require charger settings that are very different from the inverter s defaults or the three stage cycle in general The Charging Steps section describes the individual selections and behavior All charger settings are adjustable The selection range for each step allows very different priorities from the defaults For example the Float voltage could be set higher than the Absorption voltage or a step could b
17. The first line shows little load and only the first module in Master is activated Thesecond line shows load beginning to be applied The second module in Master is activated gt The third line shows increasing load The first module in Slave 1 is activated gt The fourth line shows even higher load Slave 1 is completely activated In general roughly 5 kW of loads are applied to fully activate an additional slave inverter gt Inthe example shown in Figure 13 an 8 kW load has been applied fully activating the first slave gt ln this example loads of approximately 17 to 18 kW would be needed to turn on all inverters Master Slave 1 Slave 2 Slave 3 Master Power Save Slave Power Save Slave Power Save Slave Power Save 0 1 2 3 Module 1 Module 2 Module 1 Module 2 Module 1 Module 2 Minimal load On Off Off Off off Off Off Off approx 2 5 kW On On Off Off Off Off Off Off approx 5 kW On On On Off Off Off Off Off approx 7 to 8 kW On On On On Off Off Off Off Figure 13 GS7048E Power Save Priority Forcing Specific Slaves to be Active It is possible to raise the priority of a slave and force it to activate This is done by setting the master rank higher than that slave However the Master Power Save Level scale is not the same as the Slave level Slave level settings apply to the whole inverter Master level settings are applied per module This means that increasing the master by one rank will only turn on one additional m
18. a new charge cycle The Absorption timer accumulates run time while the batteries are below this set point The first set of barred arrows below the graph show the length of time accumulated on the Absorption timer Note that the timer stops accumulating well before the beginning of Cycle 4 when the AC source is restored The accumulation of the Absorption timer cannot exceed the Absorb Time setting gt When Cycle 4 begins the charger proceeds through the Bulk stage and then the Absorption stage The space between the first and second set of barred arrows is the same The duration of Absorption is equal to Absorb Time which is the maximum time allowed At the end of Cycle 4 the Float Time has expired so the charger goes Silent 32 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Equalization Equalization is a controlled overcharge that is part of regular battery maintenance Equalization brings the batteries to a much higher voltage than usual and maintains this high voltage for a period of time This has the result of removing inert compounds from the battery plates and reducing stratification in the electrolyte Equalization follows the same pattern as standard three stage charging as shown in the figures on page 28 However instead of the Absorption voltage and time set points it is controlled by the Equalize Voltage and Equalize Time settings in the MATE3 The Radian inverter can perform Offset when equalizing See page 35 Equalize Voltage is also the
19. be advisable to install sensitive loads under these conditions gt The name of Generator mode does not mean that the Radian requires a generator input when using this mode The use of this mode does not require the use of the Gen input either input can be used Conversely the Radian is not required to be placed in this mode just because a generator is installed Support R L The Support mode is intended for systems that use the utility grid or a generator In some cases the amount of current available from the source is limited due to size wiring or other reasons If large loads need to be run the Radian inverter augments supports the AC source The inverter uses battery power and additional sources to ensure that the loads receive the power they demand In the MATE3 system display the Grid Input AC Limit dictates the maximum AC draw for the Grid 14 900 0145 01 01 Rev B input The Gen Input AC Limit sets the maximum draw for the Gen input The Support function takes effect if the AC demand on either input exceeds the AC Limit setting BENEFITS Largeinverter loads can be powered while staying connected to the AC input even if the input is limited The added battery power prevents overload of the input source but the batteries are not in constant use gt The Radian inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries See page 35 for more information NOTES IMPORTANT
20. enter the Bulk stage and will return to its previous stage Absorption Timer Time limit Absorb Time setting The charger will not necessarily run through its full duration as this setting is not a required minimum period for Absorption It is only a maximum limit The duration of Absorption is equal to the amount of time the battery voltage was less than the Re Bulk Voltage setting up to the maximum limit If the Absorption timer expired on the previous cycle it is not reset afterward and retains a remaining run time of zero Whenever the battery voltage decreases to Re Bulk or lower the Absorption timer will begin gaining time For as long as the batteries remain below this voltage the Absorption timer will gain an equal amount of time This controls the duration of the Absorption stage The intent was to avoid a blind cycle that operates regardless of conditions The charger avoids maintaining the batteries at high voltages for excessive or unnecessary time The Absorption timer continues this operation even if the charger is still on For example if the charger is in Float stage and there is a significant battery drain the charger may not be able to maintain the batteries at the Float voltage Once the batteries fall below the Re Bulk point the Absorption timer will begin accumulating time However the accumulation will be minor as this will also cause the charger to re enter the Bulk stage The remaining charging steps will pr
21. external indicators and requires a system display to identify an error Some errors will reset automatically when the cause is resolved These are noted It is possible to clear an error by resetting the inverter The inverter must be turned off and then on to reset it Other possible steps are shown below Each should be followed by resetting the inverter Table 7 Error Troubleshooting Pow OBIBIF VOR Inverter s AC regulation cannot be maintained Check loads and measure current draw Ow Vutput voitage under high load conditions Remove loads as necessary Inverter exceeded its maximum surge current Check the loads and wiring This issue is due to severe overload usually the result of a wiring problem a short as opposed to a poorly sized load AC Output Shorted Usually indicates another AC power source out Disconnect the AC OUT wires from the of phase with the inverter was connected to inverter Check the wires not the inverter the unit s AC output with an AC voltmeter If an AC source is present shut it off AC Output Backfeed Stacking Error gt Check stacking programming and designation of master See page 34 gt Check for output backfeed from an external Can also occur if AC Output Backfeed occurs source Disconnect output if necessary Programming problem among stacked units Often occurs if there is no master DC voltage is below low battery cut out set gt If this error accompanies other errors treat
22. for use with the OutBack MATE or MATE2 System Display and Controller It is only compatible with the MATE3 System Display and Controller 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Introduction Figure 1 Radian Series Inverter Charger GS7048E 7000 watts 7 kW continuous power at 48 Vdc 16 3 kVA peak surge capacity Modular internal design allows low idle consumption and high efficiency at high or low power operation GS3548E gt 3500 watts 3 5 kW continuous power at 48 Vdc gt 8 2 kVA peak surge capacity NOTE This product has a settable AC output range In this book many references to the output refer to the entire range However some references are made to 230 Vac or 50 Hz output These are intended as examples only 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 7 Introduction Inverter Controls The Radian inverter has no external controls It can operate normally without an external control or interface Basic modes and settings are pre programmed at the factory See page 67 for default settings However certain external devices can be used to operate or program the Radian On Off Switch The inverter can be equipped with a switch to turn it on and off This switch is not sold as an inverter accessory a common toggle switch can be used It is wired to the Switch INV auxiliary terminals See the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual for more information on wiring the switch This switch controls the inverting function only it d
23. kilowatts and AC amperage consumed for the inverter to charge the battery bank This line also shows the present charging stage gt Loaddisplays kilowatts and AC amperage consumed by devices on the inverter s output It can be the same as Invert gt Buydisplays the kilowatts and AC amperage brought into the inverter s input for both charging and loads This is usually a total of Chargeand Load gt Batterydisplays the uncompensated battery voltage gt AC Outdisplays the AC voltage measured at the inverter s output If an AC source is present this reading is usually the same as AC In gt AC ndisplays the AC voltage measured at the inverter s input from an AC source This number may be erratic or inaccurate upon first connection until the inverter synchronizes with the input source gt AUXdisplays the current status of the inverter s Auxiliary AUX 12 volt output Relay displays the current status of the inverter s Auxiliary relay contacts See page 41 gt A diode symbol may appear to the left of the screen name to indicate diode charging mode This is a mode that allows fine control of charging selling and load support It does not visibly affect operation The Graphs soft key brings up a series of screens which plot various types of data over time on the MATES3 screen Battery Screen From the Inverter screen the Next soft key brings up a screen showing charger status charger settings and battery vo
24. not in significant use by the inverter but they are also not being charged The battery voltage will naturally decrease when not maintained by another means such as a renewable source The term Silent is also used in an unrelated context regarding Power Save levels See page 39 Voltage Used Re Float Voltage setting When the battery voltage decreases to this point the charger becomes active again The default set point is 50 0 Vdc To skip this step Setting Float Time to 24 7 will cause the charger remain in Float continuously so that it does not proceed through the Silent Bulk Absorption or Float timer steps Float Stage This is the third stage of charging It is sometimes known as maintenance charging Float stage is initially a constant current stage The initial DC current may be as high as the charger s maximum current depending on conditions This current is only sustained until the charger reaches the Float Voltage setting after which the charger switches to constant voltage operation Float stage balances the batteries tendency to self discharge as well as balancing the draw of any other DC loads It maintains the batteries at 100 of capacity Voltage Used Float Voltage setting The default set point is 54 4 Vdc This setting is also used by Offset when in this stage See page 35 For the charger to work normally this setting needs to be higher than the Re Float Voltage setting Time limit This can vary
25. reference voltage for Offset during equalization This process must be started manually using the system display The inverter cannot be programmed for automatic battery equalization This is a safety measure Equalization is normally performed only on flooded lead acid batteries The schedule for equalization varies with battery use and type but it is usually performed every few months If performed correctly this process can extend battery life by a considerable amount Equalization is not normally performed on nickel technology batteries or any sort of sealed battery CAUTION Battery Damage gt Do not equalize OutBack EnergyCell batteries of any model gt Do not equalize any sealed battery types VRLA AGM Gel or other unless approved by the manufacturer Some batteries may suffer severe damage from equalization Contactthe battery manufacturer for recommendations on equalization voltage duration schedule and or advisability Always follow manufacturer recommendations for equalization Battery Temperature Compensation Battery performance will change when the temperature varies above or below room temperature 77 F or 25 C Temperature compensation is a process that adjusts battery charging to correct for these changes When a battery is cooler than room temperature its internal resistance goes up and the voltage changes more quickly This makes it easier for the charger to reach its voltage set points Howe
26. relay may be damaged May be accompanied by AC Relay Fault error and shutdown False reading due to noise Inverter output is being supplied with an external AC source that is out of phase Inverter has been incorrectly stacked with another unit on the same output All units come defaulted as master AUX output is not connected Wrong AUX terminals have been programmed Wrong AUX terminals are in use 5 See inside front cover of this manual 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Disconnect the wires from the inverter s AC input or AC output terminals or both If the problem immediately disappears it is an external wiring issue The inverter s AC IN and AC OUT must remain isolated from each other Test AC hot and neutral input test points with an AC voltmeter See page 51 If low or fluctuating this is an external problem The inverter is not intended to sell power to a generator The selling activity will drive the generator voltage up to the disconnection point It will then reconnect to the generator and try again Change input modes or move the generator to an input with a different mode selected Disconnect AC input wires and turn inverter on Test the AC input and neutral test points with an AC voltmeter See page 51 If voltage appears there the transfer relay may be jammed Contact OutBack Technical Support This problem is not common If this occurs it will likely occur on only the Grid or Gen input not both
27. see if HBX mode is in use If activated prematurely check the settings of HBX mode If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATES system display only Check the Inverter part of the Settings menu to see if Mini Grid mode is in use If activated prematurely check the settings of Mini Grid mode If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATES system display only Check to see if more than one of the following are enabled Mini Grid HBX Grid Use Time These have conflicting priorities and only one can be used at a time AC source does not meet requirements see related entry under Will not sell power to the utility grid next page Check the source voltage and frequency If the AC source voltage or frequency cannot be maintained on the B or C phases the inverters on those phases will return to inverting This ensures that a three phase output is maintained to the loads If the source becomes acceptable the inverters will connect to it again If AC is present on the priority input the inverter will not connect to AC on the second input This is true even if the first input is not connected for other reasons programming low power quality 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Charge complete or nearly Check the DC voltage and charging stage using the MATES if complete present Confirm with DC voltmeter
28. the installer password must be changed from the default to get access to these settings Ti See the Grid Tied function on page 15 for more information To meet the standard AS4777 3 for installations in Australia the acceptance settings shall not exceed the following The factory default settings meet these requirements Table 16 AS4777 3 Acceptance Settings Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Voltage Voltage Frequency Frequency 66 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Firmware Revision This manual applies to inverter models GS7048E and GS3548E with Revision 001 005 xxx or higher Updates to the Radian s firmware are periodically available These can be downloaded from the OutBack website www outbackpower com See page 12 Default Settings and Ranges NOTE Some items are retained at the present setting even when the inverter is reset to factory defaults These items are noted with the letter X in the Item column Certain items particularly those in the Auxiliary menus share common set points If one of these items is changed in a mode menu the change will appear in other menus that use the same set point Certain menus are only visible when the installer password is used particularly the Grid Interface Protection menu These menus are bordered in the table with a double line of this style Table 17 Radian Inverter Settings Feld mem Default Minimum Maximum CHARGERHotKey ChargerConrol o
29. A I OR in eee 5 Charging Absorption Stade 20 aT 27 EO AG Staten ate qo n EMI m Ua 30 Float Em 30 NOUO UI eere AT E A 32 wont 29 900 0145 01 01 Rev B slo e nies 29 31 COMMISSIONING aoi qx ad eI na 9 CODI Saisie totum tint tiem TRE 44 D Default Settings sss seene 67 BIOS E T MM 70 B E a EE A EE M 22 Bee REP 60 Diversion COntFOL sss sss sss 44 45 Bu 9 11 logi BS osea Duet A EEEN 6 PEANN AU TT 12 67 Float SUAS C c 30 Functional NER RTT 9 PUNCUONS EEEE 6 AC Inpilt LIMIE sesi 24 AC Transfers 26 N a E N 22 LE 22 D E a EEN EE A Re teneri atc a 35 Ta a NU TII E 23 SOU a cni cisdadi utes ene Proc 44 47 Gera 0 coetui Duet dE INEO ET eee 14 38 eA Ts 26 Generator ACCe0tanCe sss essen 25 Grid lee eis ressesie 25 Grid Interface Protection 17 25 66 69 Grid Tee 15 59 Grid Use Time sss 18 48 Es le Z cueste anim dieu esI XD eI ipid utter cepe 19 Grid Interactive eese entente 15 70 71 Ca EET US ird toccato ed A asd cost A bo d 45 GTA AUIS cot iic eia v RI Tv HR TRUE AE 59 H High Battery Cut Out eese tenete tntntns 22 High Battery Transfer HBX sss 18 47 GERE TRUE EE HARRIUS URDU AMO EEEE 70 Imiportant Sym DO lers 5 Input MOG SS ca atat rre tete d 6 13
30. AI I UH IR e RE RU distinte A IQQ MAE 60 Sell S tds caries cedo doni ostendo tn osun lenis toes lena A E ose iibi tre I idees 61 Sjersreliteze TT TT TUTTI E Electrical 5pecificatloris ausit DE ERU a as C NR E ER E A E E a 63 Mechanical Specifications tas e d dc ue b EE E EUR RED RR UR Eoo NER ERES 64 Environmental SOCCIT GAUL OMS scd essen nitur retis br ette baba eon bd s eric erue te br aliens 64 Temperate R ae esteri tectum elects sates eiectus Erit du dete ND O 65 SUTIN OLI Savas dde dM uA EID MI EUCH E EIU LN EEUU EA CELLULE 65 COMDIIN TT 65 Firmware G Le a PN IE Caksuluoucedsnsncatdubusscerone 67 Perault setings amd Ranges santet a Set hath inden eto re SEN Ine vea e nta md 67 Pdl UU Ten 70 Index c wU OY 1 2 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Table of Contents Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 Table 18 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 List of Tables Summan Of Input MOGGS eccesso E eve Pi i RR REPERTUS RR leans 21 Charge Currents Tor Radian MOGelS nit eod a ilu p Hehe n tbi a ide 27 Offset Interaction WIth AG SOU G iini t ther tirar tota e cri vo E ERR 35 Changing Master Power Save Levels GS7048E
31. All units must be upgraded to the same firmware revision Ti If multiple stacked Radian inverters are used with different firmware revisions any inverter with a revision different from the master will not function See the stacking section on page 36 The MATE3 will display the following message An inverter firmware mismatch has been detected Inverters X Y Z are disabled Visit www outbackpower com for current inverter firmware 1 The port designations for the mismatched inverters are listed here 12 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Operation Inverter Functionality The inverter is capable of being used for many applications Some of the inverter s operations occur automatically Others are conditional or must be enabled manually before they will operate Most of the inverter s individual operations and functions can be programmed using the system display This allows customization or fine tuning of the inverter s performance The Radian inverter has two sets of input connections which are labeled Grid and Gen Two different AC sources can be connected during inverter installation Ii Before operating the inverter The operator needs to define the application and decide which functions will be needed The Radian inverter is programmed with seven AC input modes Each mode has certain advantages which make it ideal for a particular application Some modes contain functions unique to that mode The modes are described in detail f
32. As part of an OutBack Grid Hybrid system it can provide off grid power grid backup power or grid interactive service which sells excess renewable energy back to the utility Inverter Functions Y Y VV ON ON WV Battery to AC inverting which delivers power to run backup loads and other functions Provides single phase output Adjustable range of output voltage Settable nominal output frequency AC to battery charging OutBack systems are battery based A Accepts a wide variety of AC sources A Requires single phase input Uses battery energy stored from renewable resources Can utilize stored energy from many sources PV arrays wind turbines etc OutBack FLEXmax charge controllers will optimize PV power production as part of a Grid Hybrid system Dual AC inputs allow direct connection to utility grid and AC generator Rapid transfer between AC source and inverter output with minimal delay time Uses MATE3 System Display and Controller sold separately for user settings as part of a Grid Hybrid system Stackable in parallel configuration up to ten inverters Stackable in three phase configuration with up to nine inverters using HUB10 3 Communications Manager Field upgradeable firmware Seven selectable input modes for different applications Generator Support Grid Tied UPS Backup Mini Grid GridZero Certified to IEC 62109 1 IMPORTANT The Radian Series Inverter Charger is not intended
33. B 1 Table of Contents Multiple Inverter Installations Stacking 36 Parallel Stacking DualsStack and Larger suis nare ri E RU es Po t MAE MI PNEU Pes ENERO ORAE Ted e e 37 Three Phase Stacking Three Inverters cssssssessssssssessssssscessecsssssscsssecsssssessssssscassecsssssscssscsssucssscsssssecsesscseassecsesucsesesucsesecscsesscaesecaesees 38 model E 39 AUxillary Termilidls s 6 eo ARA a det tO DAN ANA Lade ted nem ue RDG crate a eA ace a Ed m 43 System Display Based FUNCTIONS sss 47 Advanced Generator Start AGIS esistere tma tera ve od en Rte een unire Ro C ou re rend head 47 Grid UNCC ONS aote E e ORE ub edd a P IMMANE E 47 Hidghattery Transter ABAX oun e a ee i tun tud pn EU Ma one a NOTAE 47 Gna Use Ma e e DC 48 Moyers BGT ato MBEE tay BEER P mE HMM 48 Meteri Ng MR EORRERU K MATES Gh SS erucaentesiiesi imi ated ierit A M D ui ede M E I MCI I DM II De MIC DERE 49 Ave Riz Mole isi T m 49 K A mele sio eme ur D ES 50 Trou bleshooti Ng REPORTE 1 Basic Troubleshooting scien nn tiouc aud teimtadeadmdauitan dt denn Un 51 IVS Select Pp 56 ETO AV VCS SASS ft P M 57 Warhihdg Messatde5 sud Uo NS ede bae usitate d eee 58 dTemperature EVellts coie oa cp etate etta die e mt endet N 59 GI VATES siia EDU NEM MEI E MU C nu NM E EU 59 Disconnect Messages ssi IRURE Ie
34. Cur Back POWER member of The alpha Group Radian Series Inverter Charger GS7048E GS3548E GRIDHybrid Operator s Manual Out Back POWER member of The alpha Group About OutBack Power Technologies OutBack Power Technologies is a leader in advanced energy conversion technology OutBack products include true sine wave inverter chargers maximum power point tracking charge controllers and system communication components as well as circuit breakers batteries accessories and assembled systems Grid Hybrid As a leader in off grid energy systems designed around energy storage OutBack Power is an innovator in Grid Hybrid system technology providing the best of both worlds grid tied system savings during normal or daylight operation and off grid independence during peak energy times or in the event of a power outage or an emergency Grid Hybrid systems have the intelligence agility and interoperability to operate in multiple energy modes quickly efficiently and seamlessly in order to deliver clean continuous and reliable power to residential and commercial users while maintaining grid stability Contact Information Address Corporate Headquarters European Office 17825 59 Avenue N E Hansastrasse 8 Suite B D 91126 Arlington WA 98223 USA Schwabach Germany Telephone 1 360 435 6030 49 9122 79889 0 1 360 618 4363 Technical Support 49 9122 79889 21 Fax 1 360 435 6019 Fax Email Support outba
35. EAE Grid Tied L IMPORTANT Selling power to the utility company requires the authorization of the local electric jurisdiction How the utility company accommodates this will depend on their policies on the issue Some may pay for power sold others may issue credit Some policies may prohibit the use of this mode altogether Please check with the utility company and obtain their permission before using this mode The Grid Tied mode allows the Radian inverter to become grid interactive This means that in addition to using power from the utility grid for charging and loads the inverter can also convert excess battery power and sell it to the utility grid Excess battery power usually comes from renewable energy sources such as PV arrays hydroelectric turbines and wind turbines 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 15 Operation The grid interactive function is integrally tied with Offset operation and with the battery charger See pages 35 and 27 for more information on these items BENEFITS Excess power is returned to the utility grid gt gt gt The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries If the excess energy is greater than the AC demand the load size the excess will be sold to the utility grid Due to varying requirements in different locations around the world the grid interactive settings are adjustable These adjustments are made in the Grid Interface Prote
36. If the duration of the Float Time setting is less than the total time of the bulk and absorption stages the charger will not enter Float and will go directly to Silent instead See Float Timer To skip this step As noted the charger will not enter Float if the Float Time setting is less than the total bulk and absorption times Decreasing the Float Time setting to zero will cause the inverter to enter Silent as soon as the absorption stage is complete The inverter will perform neither the constant current nor the constant voltage portions of Float Setting Float Voltage equal to the Absorb Voltage level will cause the charger to proceed through the normal three stage cycle but at a single voltage Float Timer This is not a separate stage of charging In Figure 4 on page 28 it is marked as a separate step to note when the charger switches from constant current to constant voltage charging When this occurs the current varies as needed to maintain the Float Voltage but typically drops to a low number NOTE The Float timer begins running any time the battery voltage exceeds the Float Voltage set point This usually means that it begins running during the Bulk stage once the battery voltage rises 30 900 0145 01 01 Rev B above that level Often the timer will expire before the bulk and absorption stages are complete If this happens the charger will not enter Float but will go directly to Silent The charger only spends time in Float stag
37. Inverter soft key accesses the screens for monitoring the inverter See the MATE3 owner s manual for more information System OK T S 1o ka 1 1 kH Ce 1 0 kH C_I 0 0 kH Sat ki EF 52 0 v Fio ku T 231 v Inverter Soft Key Figure14 Home Screen Inverter Screens The Inverter soft key opens a series of screens showing the inverter operating mode battery voltage and status of several AC operations The Port soft key will select other networked OutBack inverters if present Inverter Mode Charge Mode handing Inverter port 91 Inverter Modes Charge Modes see page 27 US oe e Ratner 57 0 gt Mweting seepage22 gt BULK E S qr feet R gt Searching see page 23 gt FLOAT Back Next Graph Port gt Support see page 14 gt EQ M gt Sell see page 15 A A Charging see Bulk on page 29 Charger Off see pages 26 and 30 Float see page 30 gt EQ see page 30 gt Silent see page 30 PassThru see page 26 Error see page 57 Off Figure 15 Inverter Screens Screen items gt The upper left corner is the Inverter Mode see above When Charging is indicated the Charge Mode specifies the stage gt Invertdisplays the kilowatts and AC amperage generated by the inverter It may go to loads or in a grid interactive system it may be sold back to the utility grid 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 49 Chargedisplays the
38. MATE3 s DC meter reads Check the DC voltage on the inverter s DC terminals If different significantly higher than actual from the MATES reading the inverter could be damaged battery voltage Otherwise check the DC voltage on batteries with a voltmeter If different from the reading on the inverter this could be a DC connection problem aula High output loads If total loads and charge exceed the AC input setting charge rate decreases to give priority to the loads Turn off some of the output loads and test the charge rate again High temperature The inverter will reduce the current rate for charging and other activities if the internal temperature exceeds a certain level Check temperature readings and allow the inverter to cool if necessary See page Error Bookmark not defined External cooling may also be applied No AC input See Will not connect to AC category Charger set to Off MATES system display only Check the Charger Mode screen with the CHARGER hot key and set to On or Auto If this setting was Will not charge rig intentional then no action is required Grid Zero mode in use MATES system display only The charger is inoperative in Grid Zero mode If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATES system display only The AC Inreading accessed by the Unusual voltageon Inverter has not synchronized Inverter soft key may be erratic or inaccurate after initial AC hot input line with input so
39. Offset and grid interactive functions when the charger is otherwise inactive See pages 15 and 35 The Warn and Error keys bring up screens with various fault information See the next section 50 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Basic Troubleshooting Table 6 is organized in order of common symptoms with a series of possible causes Each cause also shows possible troubleshooting remedies including system display checks where appropriate k H e Metal pads are located at eL eN Jol 9N li ta these locations E OUT GEN GRID In troubleshooting AC voltages can be measured at a e this series of test points Ir e Figure 17 AC Test Points WARNING Shock Hazard During an error shutdown the inverter s output terminals are not live However if the inverter recovers from a shutdown the terminals will become live without notice Several error shutdowns can be recovered automatically including Low Battery V High Battery V and Over Temperature See page 57 Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy No DC voltage Use a DC voltmeter to check the voltage directly on the DC terminals If not present the problem is external If present the inverter could be damaged Contact OutBack Technical Support Jumper J3 missing See the Installation Manual for the location of J3 Confirm the jumper is present If missing replace the jumper Or follow the I
40. OmoOff E Charger AC Limit Generator Support Grid Tied UPS Backup Mini Grid Grid Zero Voltage Limit Lower 208 Vac 170 Vac 230 Vac Grid ACInput connect Delay nidum 77777 When GridZero LA Amps Generator Support Grid Tied UPS Backup Mini Grid Grid Zero Input Mode Grid Tied Input Mode Generator Voltage Limit Lower 208 Vac Gen ACInput connect Delay Mode and Limits 1 mini Grid mode dum E Amps 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 67 Table 17 Radian Inverter Settings Output Voltage X 230 Vac 200 Vac 260 Vac AC Output NOE AC Coupled Mode This selection is inoperative Re Float Voltage 54 4 Vdc 44 0 Vdc 64 0 Vdc 49 6 Vdc 44 0 Vdc 64 0 Vdc Battery Charger Re Bulk Voltage Equalize Voltage 58 4 Vdc 44 0 Vdc 68 0 Vdc Battery Equalize Equalize Time 0 0 hours 24 0 hours Aux Control Auto Off Auto or On Aux Mode Vent Fan Load Shed Gen Alert Fault Vent Fan Cool Fan DC Divert GT Limits Source Status AC Divert Load Shed ON Delay Gen Alert ON Batt lt Auxiliary Output Vent Fan Off Delay DC Divert ON Batt gt DC Divert ON Delay DC Divert OFF Batt lt DC Divert OFF Delay AC Divert OFF Delay AuxContrl Ato OffAwooOn Load Shed Gen Alert Fault Vent Fan Cool Fan DC Divert GT Limits Source Status AC Divert Load Shed OFF Batt lt Load Shed OFF Delay Gen Alert ON Batt lt eee ae Vent Fan Off Delay DC Divert ON Batt
41. One or more messages will display Y yes If a message says N no it is not the cause of the disconnection If the inverter has stopped selling or charging unexpectedly this screen may identify the reason More often these messages are used by a normally functioning inverter to identify external conditions that are preventing selling or charging If nothing has stopped the messages will indicate that as well The acceptable limits for AC source voltage and frequency are controlled by the Grid Interface Protection settings which are shown on page 69 If the AC source exceeds these limits the inverter will stop selling and display the appropriate code At the same time it will disconnect from the utility grid with an appropriate message in Table 11 as shown on page 60 After the source returns to the acceptable range the screen will begin its reconnection timer with a default setting of five minutes When the timer expires the inverter will reconnect to the utility grid and begin selling power again If the AC source is unstable it may become unacceptable before the timer expires This may cause the timer to continually reset It is possible for brief fluctuations to occur that are too fast to be seen on a DVM If this happens the appropriate message will still appear on the system display for a short time to help troubleshoot the problem Additionally undersized wires or bad connections can result in local voltage problems If a Voltag
42. Specifications for Radian Models Specification GS7048E GS3548E Mechanical Specifications Table 14 Mechanical Specifications for Radian Models Specification GS7048E GS3548E 71 1 x 40 6 x 22 2 cm 71 1 x 40 6 x 22 2 cm 28x 16x 8 75 28x 16x 8 75 36 8 x 53 3 x 87 6 cm 36 8 x 53 3 x 87 6 cm 14 5 x 21 x 34 5 14 5 x 21 x 34 5 Inverter Weight 56 8 kg 125 Ib 37 2 kg 82 Ib Shipping Weight 63 5 kg 140 Ib 42 6 kg 94 Ib RJ11 batt temp and RJ11 batt temp and RJ45 remote RJ45 remote Neutral Ground Bond Switching Environmental Specifications Inverter Dimensions H x W x D Shipping Dimensions H x W x L Accessory Ports Table 15 Environmental Specifications for Radian Models Specification Value Rated Temperature Range meets component specifications however please note o E i o that the inverter output wattage is derated above 25 C 2p toe cte Operational Temperature Range functions but does not necessarily meet all component specifications Storage Temperature Range 40 C to 60 C 40 F to 140 F IP Ingress Protection Rating of Enclosure IP20 40 C to 60 C 40 F to 140 F Environmental Category Wet Locations Classification Relative Humidity Rating Pollution Degree Classification Maximum Altitude Rating Overvoltage Category AC Input 64 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Temperature Derating All Radian inverters can deliver their full rated wattage at tempera
43. The following pages compare the various aspects of each input mode Generator The Generator mode allows the use of a wide range of AC sources including generators with a rough or imperfect AC waveform In other modes a noisy or irregular waveform may not be accepted by the inverter Self excited induction generators may require this mode when used with the Radian Generator allows these waveforms to be accepted The charging algorithm of this mode is designed to work well with AC generators regardless of power quality or regulation mechanism The generator must still comply with the inverter s nominal input specifications See page 24 BENEFITS TheRadian inverter will charge the batteries from the generator even when the generator is undersized of low quality or has other problems See page 26 for recommended parameters for sizing a generator gt ln cases where utility grid power is unstable or unreliable Generator mode may allow the Radian inverter to accept the power gt A programmable delay time is available which will allow a generator to stabilize before connection In the MATES this menu item is Connect Delay It is available in both the Grid AC Input Mode and Limits and the Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menus depending on which input is being programmed NOTES gt Any AC fluctuations that are accepted by the inverter will be transferred to the output The loads will be exposed to these fluctuations It may not
44. The inverter will draw energy from the batteries when the loads exceed the appropriate AC Limit With sustained loads and no other DC source the batteries may discharge to the Low Battery Cut Out point The inverter will shut down with a Low Battery error See pages 22 and 57 To prevent the loss of power load use should be planned accordingly C IMPORTANT A noisy or irregular AC source may prevent Support from working normally The inverter will transfer the power but will not support the source charge the batteries or interact with the current in any other way This problem is more common with generators smaller than the wattage of the inverter gt A programmable delay time is available which will allow an AC source to stabilize before connection In the MATES this menu item is Connect Delay It is available in both the Grid AC Input Mode and Limits and the Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menus depending on which input is being programmed gt Because the inverter limits the current draw from the AC source it will reduce the charge rate as necessary to support the loads If the loads equal the appropriate AC Limit setting the charge rate will be zero gt Ifthe AC loads exceed the AC Limit setting the Support function is activated by operating the charger in reverse It will take power from the batteries and use it to support the incoming AC current gt The Support function is not available in any other input mode
45. This type of notation indicates that the hazard could be harmful to human life CAUTION Hazard to Equipment This type of notation indicates that the hazard may cause damage to the equipment IMPORTANT This type of notation indicates that the information provided is important to the installation operation and or maintenance of the equipment Failure to follow the recommendations in such a notation could result in voiding the equipment warranty Ti MORE INFORMATION When this symbol appears next to text it means that more information is available in other manuals relating to the subject The most common reference is to the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual Another common reference is the system display manual General Safety A A WARNING Reduced Protection If this product is used in a manner not specified by GS product literature the product s internal safety protection may be impaired WARNING Limitations on Use This equipment is NOT intended for use with life support equipment or other medical equipment or devices A CAUTION Equipment Damage Only use components or accessories recommended or sold by OutBack Power Technologies or its authorized agents 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 5 Introduction Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies Thank you for purchasing the OutBack Radian Series Inverter Charger It is designed to offer a complete power conversion system between batteries and AC power
46. accordance with the Grid Interface Protection settings The default settings and ranges are listed in Table 17 which begins on page 67 If the AC voltage or frequency vary outside the Grid Interface Protection limits the inverter will disconnect from the utility grid to prevent selling under unacceptable conditions These limits override the AC source acceptance limits described on page 24 which are used in other input modes 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Ifthe inverter stops selling or disconnects due to Grid Interface Protection the MATE3 will show the reason Sell Status messages are listed on page 61 Disconnect messages are listed on page 60 Often these messages will be the same Due to varying requirements in different locations around the world the grid interactive settings are adjustable However this is only available to operators with installer level access There are firm rules concerning the acceptable voltage range frequency range clearance time during power loss and reconnect delay when exporting power back to the utility Generally it is expected that the settings cannot be altered by the end user For this reason it is necessary to change the installer password from the default in order to get access to these settings Once this password has been changed the settings can only be accessed by using the installer password See pages 67 and 69 for more information Before operating in Grid Tied mode contact the utility company tha
47. als are electrically isolated from the input that is in use When it closes the input and output terminals become electrically common The terminals for the unused input remain isolated during this time When the relay changes states the physical transfer delay is approximately 25 milliseconds The relay contacts are limited to 50 amps per phase orleg The continuous loads on that output should never exceed this number When connected to an AC source the Radian inverter cannot limit the load current An overload condition is possible CAUTION Equipment Damage Current draw in excess of the transfer relay rating can damage the transfer relay This damage is not covered by warranty Use protective devices of appropriate size The inverter does not filter or clean up the power from the AC source The voltage and power quality received by the output loads is the same as that of the source If the voltage or quality do not meet the inverter s input requirements it will disconnect and return to the inverting mode NOTES gt To ensure a smoother transition it may be advisable to raise the inverter s lower acceptance limit The default setting is 208 Vac A higher setting will cause the inverter to transfer sooner in the event of a quality problem gt Ifthe AC source meets the inverter s requirements but is irregular any fluctuations will be transferred to the loads If the loads are sensitive it may be necessary to improve the quality o
48. an inverters must have the same firmware revision If inverters are stacked with different firmware revisions any unit with a revision different from the master will not function The MATES will display 36 900 0145 01 01 Rev B the following message An inverter firmware mismatch has been detected Inverters X Y Z are disabled Visit www outbackpower com for current inverter firmware gt Installing multiple inverters without stacking them or stacking them incorrectly will result in similar errors and shutdown Although stacking allows greater capacity the loads wiring and overcurrent devices must still be sized appropriately Additional terminations or bus bars may be required Overloading may cause circuit breakers to open or inverters to shut down Parallel Stacking Dual Stack and Larger In parallel stacking two or more inverters are stacked to create a single common AC output Allinverters share a common input AC source and run loads on a common output bus The master inverter provides the primary output The slaves are connected to the same output and assist the master The slave outputs are controlled directly by the master and cannot operate independently Slave inverters can go into Power Save mode when not in use The master will activate individual slaves based on load demand This reduces idle power consumption and improves system efficiency gt Upto ten inverters may be installed in a parallel ar
49. and Gen inputs AC output voltage and battery voltage Powering Down If steps are inapplicable they can be omitted However it is highly recommended that all applicable steps be performed in the following order These steps will completely isolate the inverter To remove power from the system 1 Turn off all load circuits and AC input sources 2 Turn off all renewable energy circuits 3 Turn each inverter OFF using the MATE3 system display or external switch 4 Turn off the main DC overcurrent devices for each inverter Adding New Devices When adding new devices to the system first turn off the system according to the preceding instructions After adding new devices perform another functional test including programming 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 11 Commissioning Firmware Updates IMPORTANT All inverters will shut down during firmware updates If loads need to be run while updating the firmware bypass the inverter with a maintenance bypass switch Communication cables must remain connected and DC power must remain on Interrupted communication will cause the update to fail and the inverter s may not work afterward Inverters automatically update one at a time beginning with Port 1 Each requires about 5 minutes Updates to the Radian s internal programming are periodically available at the OutBack website www outbackpower com f multiple inverters are used in a system all units must be upgraded at the same time
50. anual 58 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Table 8 Warning Troubleshooting Fan Failure The inverter s internal cooling fan is not Turn the battery disconnect off and then on to operating properly Lack of cooling may result determine if the fan self tests After this test in derated inverter output wattage contact OutBack Technical Support for the next step The next step will depend on the results of the test NOTE The system can continue to operate if the inverter can be run at reasonable levels External cooling may also be applied Transformer Displays the ambient temperature around the In the MATES these values are given in degrees in Temps menu inverter s transformer Celsius If any reading does not seem to reflect the Displays the temperature of the FETs Field inverter s temperature or conditions contact in Temps menu Effect Transistors and heat sink OutBack Technical Support Capacitors Displays the temperature of the inverter s in Temps menu ripple capacitors Temperature Events The temperature sensor readings shown in Table 8 are used to limit the inverter operation in high temperatures Error Reference source not found shows the effects on the inverter and the temperature used by each sensor to cause the effect Table 9 Temperature Events GT Warnings This screen is also available under Inverter Warnings The GT grid tie warnings in Table 10 indicate why a grid interactive inverte
51. atic generator from working correctly when using the GRID terminals Fault activates the AUX output when the inverter shuts down due to an error condition see page 57 It can activate a light or alarm to show that the inverter has failed With the appropriate devices it could send an alarm signal through a radio pager or telephone dialer Thisfunction does not have settable parameters Vent Fan activates the AUX output in response to a high DC battery voltage set point It can run a small fan to ventilate the battery compartment to eliminate gases that result from battery charging This is illustrated in the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual When the voltage falls below this set point for a settable delay period the AUX output turns off Settable parameters include e High DC voltage e Off delay NOTE Vent Fan is the default selection for the 12V AUX settings Cool Fan activates the AUX output when the inverter reaches a high internal temperature It is intended to trigger a small external fan for additional cooling See the Warning Troubleshooting table on page 58 for a description of the fan criteria This function does not have settable parameters DC Divert activates the AUX output to divert or dump excess renewable energy to a DC load such as a resistor a heater or a fuel cell This prevents overcharging of the batteries This function can serve as rough charge regulation for an externa
52. can be set in the Grid AC Input Mode and Limits menu gt The Gen input can be set in the Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menu NOTE The input terminals are labeled for grid and generator due to common conventions not because of inverter requirements Each input can accept any AC source as long as it meets the requirements of the Radian inverter and the selected input mode If necessary the Gen terminals can 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 13 Operation accept grid power The opposite is also true However if using the Gen Alert or AGS functions the generator must use the Gen terminals See page 43 Gen Alert and page 47 AGS When multiple inverters are stacked together in parallel the master inverter s input mode is imposed on all slaves The slave settings are not changed they retain any mode that was previously programmed However the slave will ignore its own input mode and use that of the master This also applies to any parameters in the mode menu Voltage Limit Connect Delay and so on If inverters are stacked using subphase masters the subphase masters will observe the AC input mode and many of the settings used by the master inverter However they need to be individually programmed as appropriate for AC output voltage and frequency They also need to be programmed for AC input voltage and frequency for both AC inputs See the stacking section on page 36 for explanation of both parallel and subphase master three phase stacking
53. ckpower com Website http www outbackpower com Disclaimer UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING OUTBACK POWER TECHNOLOGIES a MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION b ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER S RISK OutBack Power Technologies cannot be responsible for system failure damages or injury resulting from improper installation of their products Information included in this manual is subject to change without notice Notice of Copyright Radian Series Inverter Charger Operator s Manual 2014 by OutBack Power Technologies All Rights Reserved Trademarks OutBack Power the OutBack Power logo FLEXpower ONE and Grid Hybrid are trademarks owned and used by OutBack Power Technologies Inc The ALPHA logo and the phrase member of the Alpha Group are trademarks owned and used by Alpha Technologies Inc These trademarks may be registered in the United States and other countries Date and Revision September 2015 Revision B firmware revision 001 005 xxx Part Number 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Table of Contents Introd uction e000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 5
54. connect if charger is disabled inverter emulates charge cycle from external source and reacts accordingly Charger inoperative batteries must be charged using an external renewable energy source Operation Description of Inverter Operations The items in this section are operations common to all Radian inverters These are used in most or all of the input modes described in the preceding section Some of the items in this section are functions which can be manually selected enabled or customized Other items are general topics or applications for the inverter These items may not have their own menus but their activity can still be influenced or optimized by changing certain settings Any of these items may need to be adjusted so that the inverter is best matched to a particular application The operator should review these items to see which are applicable All items described as settable or adjustable have set points which can be accessed using the Ii system display The default settings and ranges of adjustment are listed in Table 17 beginning on page 67 of this manual Inverting EN Lr This is the Radian inverter s primary task The inverter converts DC voltage from batteries into AC voltage that is usable by AC appliances It will continue to do this as long as the batteries have sufficient energy The batteries can be supplied or recharged from other sources such as solar wind or hydroelectric power The inve
55. ction menu This menu is only available to operators with installer level access There are firm rules concerning the acceptable voltage range frequency range clearance time during power loss and reconnect delay when exporting power to the utility Generally it is expected that the end user cannot alter the settings The installer password must be changed from the default in order to get access to these settings Once this password has been changed the settings can only be accessed by using the installer password See pages 67 and 69 for more information Theinverter s operating frequency can be changed between 50 and 60 Hz using the Grid Interface Protection menu This setting changes the inverter s input acceptance parameters as well as its output See Table 17 beginning on page 67 for the locations of all menu items in the MATE3 menus Ii NOTES The inverter has a delay before selling will begin This delay has a default setting of one minute During this time the inverter will not connect to the utility grid This setting is adjustable in the Grid Interface Protection menu Upon initial connection to the utility grid the inverter may be required to perform a battery charging cycle This may delay the operation of the grid interactive function The grid interactive function only operates when excess DC renewable power is available The grid interactive function is not available in any of the other input modes When
56. d in the inverter but are part of the MATE3 system display s firmware They will not function if the system display is removed These functions are listed beginning on page 46 Ii D C l I EN O L b e Figure 2 MATES System Display and Controller 8 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Commissioning Functional Test WARNING Shock Hazard and Equipment Damage It is necessary to remove the inverter cover to perform these tests The components are close together and carry hazardous voltages Use appropriate care to avoid the risk of electric shock or equipment damage Pre startup Procedures Ensure all DC and AC overcurrent devices are opened disconnected or turned off Double check all wiring connections Confirm that the total load does not exceed the inverter s wattage See page 22 Inspect the work area to ensure tools or debris have not been left inside Using a digital voltmeter DVM or standard voltmeter verify battery voltage Confirm the voltage is correct for the inverter model Confirm the polarity 6 Connect the MATE3 system display if present EP e Uh IE xe CAUTION Equipment Damage Incorrect battery polarity will damage the inverter Excessive battery voltage also may damage the inverter This damage is not covered by the warranty IMPORTANT Prior to programming see Startup verify the operating frequency of the AC source This is necessary for correct AC operation The default setting i
57. d with an AC source of limited amperage the total combined amperage settings for all units must be less than the AC input circuit The Configuration Wizard in the MATE3 can perform this calculation However the inverters do not perform this calculation If the MATE3 or the Configuration Wizard are not used divide the input size by the number of inverters and assign an equal part of the amperage to each port AC Source Acceptance S a Q em The input source must meet the following specifications to be accepted This is true in all modes except Grid Tied see NOTES on page 26 gt Voltage both inputs 208 to 252 Vac default gt Frequency both inputs If output frequency is set to 50 Hz default the input range of acceptance is 45 to 55 Hz If the output frequency is set to 60 Hz the input acceptance range is 55 to 65 Hz gt See Table 17 on page 67 for the available selections for these items When these conditions are met the inverter will close its transfer relay and accept the input source This occurs after a delay which is specified below If the conditions are not met the inverter will not accept the source If it was previously accepted and then rejected the inverter will open the relay and return to inverting power from the batteries This occurs after a specified transfer delay which is an adjustable menu item IMPORTANT The Radian s output voltage can adjusted to a different nominal value for a particular region
58. decreases until it reaches the Re Bulk set point This causes the charger to prepare a new three stage cycle from the beginning but it cannot do so until the AC source is restored In Cycle 1 Absorb Time had expired It was not reset afterward and retained a remaining run time of zero Whenever the battery voltage decreases to Re Bulk or lower the Absorption timer will begin accumulating run time The first set of arrows below the graph show the length of time accumulated on the Absorption timer at the end of Cycle 2 gt Cycle 3 begins when the AC source is restored again The charger begins a new cycle by entering Bulk stage When it enters Absorption the amount of time spent in this stage is equal to the amount of time accumulated at the end of Cycle 2 The space between the first and second set of arrows is the same Absorption ends when the timer expires This means that the length of Absorption may be shorter than the Absorb Time setting During intermittent AC loss the batteries may not be used enough to require a total recharge In this example the duration was also longer than the Float Time setting Because the Float timer began running near the beginning of Cycle 3 when the batteries exceeded the Float Voltage setting the Float Time has also expired The charger does not enter Float and goes Silent During the Silent period AC is lost again The battery voltage decreases until it reaches the Re Bulk set point prompting
59. e Too Low or Voltage Too High message is accompanied by voltage changes that do not appear at the main utility connection check the wiring Table 12 Sell Status Messages Selsuus efit oo Selling Disabled The Grid Tie Enable command has been set to N no Qualifying Grid All utility grid conditions are acceptable The inverter is running a timed test during which it confirms the grid quality The timer is Shown on the screen At the end of that time the inverter may be ready to sell Frequency Too Low The utility grid s AC frequency is below the acceptable range for selling Voltage Too Low The utility grid s AC voltage is below the acceptable range for selling Voltage Too High The utility grid s AC voltage is above the acceptable range for selling Frequency Too High The utility grid s AC frequency is above the acceptable range for selling Battery Target The battery voltage is below the target voltage for that stage Float Selling etc No excess energy is available to sell 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 61 Troubleshooting NOTES 900 0145 01 01 Rev B CN 6 Specifications Electrical Specifications NOTE Items qualified with default can be manually changed using the system display Table 13 Electrical Specifications for Radian Models Specification GS7048E GS3548E Power Consumption idle Invert mode no load Power seal idle Search mode 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 63 Table 13 Electrical
60. e AC source The inverter s acceptance voltage limit and prevents connection range is adjustable NOTE Adjusting the range may accommodate a problematic AC source but it will not fix it Voltage Too Low The AC source is below the lower acceptable Check the AC source Check the AC wiring The voltage limit and prevents connection inverter s acceptance range is adjustable NOTE Adjusting the range may accommodate a problematic AC source but it will not fix it Input Amps Max AC loads are drawing more current from the AC Check the loads Oversized loads can open circuit source than allowed by the input setting breakers If they exceed the inverter s transfer relay size the relay can be damaged This issue is usually the result of a poorly sized load as opposed to a wiring problem Temp Sensor Bad An internal inverter temperature sensor may be In the MATES3 the three readings are labeled malfunctioning One of the three internal Transformer Output FETs and Capacitors sensor meters may give an unusual reading These values are given in degrees Celsius See next page Phase Loss A slave was ordered to transfer to an AC source Check the AC voltage on the inverter input by the master but the AC source is the wrong terminals If AC voltage is not present problem phase or no AC source is present is external If AC voltage is present the unit may be damaged Contact OutBack Technical Support 8 See inside front cover of this m
61. e completely skipped Charging Graphs Figure 4 shows the progression of steps of the default three stage charging cycle Voltage Absorption c v Absorption LESE Ws Ex ci E d4 E d EDISON 2 Saas 4 f i Silent 1 i i v i Set Point Float Float Timer c v Silent Float Float Timer Silent Float Timer Set Point cov Re Float i a E m Set Point s No Charging Time c c Constant Current Stage charger can deliver up to inverter s maximum or maximum setting c v Constant Voltage Stage charger delivers the current needed to maintain voltage usually tapers Figure 4 Charging Stages Over Time Figure 5 shows the charge cycle used by the inverter when the Float Time menu item is set to 24 7 This setting eliminates the Silent and Float Timer steps The charger remains in Float continuously The Float stage lasts until the AC source is removed Voltage Set Point e e mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm de m mm mm mm m mm mm mm mm mm i mm mm m Float Float c v Set Point No Charge Source removed Charge Time c c Constant Current Stage can deliver up to the inverter s limit c v Constant Voltage Stage delivers only the current needed to maintain voltage usually tapers Figure 5
62. e if the timer is still running Time limit Float Time setting The charger will go Silent once the timer has expired if another stage is not still in progress The Float timer is reset to its maximum amount whenever the batteries decrease to the Re Float Voltage setting To skip this step Setting Float Time to 24 7 will cause the charger remain in Float continuously so that the Float timer no longer applies The charger also skips Bulk Absorption and Silent However the charger can initiate a single three stage charge if the criteria are met after which it will return to continuous Float again Silent Following the expiration of the Float timer the unit enters or re enters the Silent stage The unit remains connected to the AC source but the charger is inactive The unit will continue cycling between Float and Silent for as long as the AC source is present New Charging Cycle If the AC source is lost or disconnected the unit will return to inverting mode if enabled The battery voltage will begin to decrease due to loads or natural loss When the AC source is restored the inverter will return to the charging cycle Re Bulk If the battery voltage decreases due to discharge the inverter will restart the cycle as soon as the AC source is available beginning at Bulk stage Voltage Used Re Bulk Voltage setting The default set point is 49 6 Vdc If the batteries do not decrease to the Re Bulk point the charger will not
63. e of the AC source The batteries are kept at equilibrium and are maintained at the reference voltage The Radian inverter uses excess DC energy for offset under the following rules gt Ifthe load demand is higher than the exported power the inverter s use of the AC source is reduced The exported amount of power has offset the same amount of demand on the AC source This is sometimes known as selling to the loads gt Ifthe excess DC energy and exported power is equal or greater than the load demand and the Radian is in the Grid Tied input mode the inverter will sell the additional power to the utility grid This is the key priority of the Grid Tied mode The Radian inverter uses several set points as reference voltages for the Offset operation particularly the battery charger settings gt The charger settings Absorb Voltage Float Voltage and Equalize Voltage as shown in the system display are all used as reference voltages Normally the charger regulates to these set points by adding power to the batteries Offsetting does the opposite it uses the same set points but regulates the voltage by removing power from the batteries gt f none of the battery charger s timers are active the Offset voltage is Sell Voltage in the Grid Tie Sell menu This is true in any input mode where Offset is used not just the Grid Tied input mode gt The Grid Zero mode only uses a single reference voltage for Offset the DoD Volt
64. e the only terminals in use when automatically controlling a generator Either the GRID or GEN input can be used when manually controlling a generator The GS7048E uses two high frequency H Bridge FET modules The dual design allows half the inverter to shut down for lower idle consumption Normally this is automatically selected If one module fails or if troubleshooting is otherwise needed the module selection can be performed manually The GS7048E can be directed to use a single specified module left or right or it can be directed to turn on both modules continuously This procedure should only be performed if directed by OutBack Technical Support see inside the front cover of this manual Although the GS3548E has only a single module this command is still available The default setting is Left which is the location of the module Do not change this setting in the GS3548E The Module Select menu options are displayed as part of Table 17 which begins on page 67 56 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Error Messages An error is caused by a critical fault In most cases when this occurs the unit will shut down The MATE3 system display will show an event and a specific error message This screen is viewed using the MATE3 Home screen s soft keys See the MATE3 manual for more instructions One or more messages will display Y yes If a message says N no it is not the cause of the error NOTE The Radian series has no
65. ears as an event on the MATE3 system display Ii For the Radian inverter the high battery cut out voltage is 68 volts It cannot be changed Ifthe voltage drops below this point the inverter automatically recovers AC Frequency bons a CAUTION Equipment Damage Setting the inverter s output frequency to deliver 50 Hz to 60 Hz loads or setting it to deliver 60 Hz to 50 Hz loads could damage sensitive devices Make certain the inverter s output frequency matches the installation The inverter s output can operate at a frequency of either 50 or 60 Hertz This output frequency and the AC acceptance frequency can be changed with the Operating Frequency menu item This requires high level access Due to the possibility of damage access to this setting was restricted by placing it in the Grid Interface Protection menu The installer password must be changed from the default in order to get access to this menu Once this password has been changed the Grid Interface Protection menu can only be accessed by using the installer password This password can be changed in the system display BB See page 17 for more information on the Grid Interface Protection menu See Table 17 which begins on page 67 for the location of the Operating Frequency menu item vt An automated search circuit is available to minimize the power draw when no loads are present When enabled the inverter does not always deliver full output The output is r
66. ed three per phase Stacking requires an OutBack HUB Communications Manager as well as a MATE3 system display There are usually other specialized stacking instructions during installation L Ti gt Asystem of four or fewer units may use the HUBA Systems of upto ten units require the HUB10 or HUB10 3 gt All interconnections between the products are made using CAT5 non crossover cable See the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual for more stacking instructions Each inverter needs to be assigned a status master or slave The master is the primary and most heavily used unit Slave inverters provide assistance when the loads are more than the master can handle alone In addition in a three phase system subphase masters allow control of outputs that the master inverter cannot monitor Programming involves using the MATES3 to assign a status and stacking value to the inverter on each port See the MATE3 and HUB manuals for programming instructions HUB4 Additional Ports Port 1 MATE Port MATE3 Figure 7 OutBack HUB4 and MATE3 IMPORTANT TheRadian GS7048E can be stacked with the Radian GS3548E in either a parallel or a three phase configuration gt The master inverter must always be connected to port 1 on the HUB Connecting it elsewhere or connecting a slave to port 1 will result in backfeed or output voltage errors which will shut the system down immediately gt Allstacked Radi
67. educed to brief pulses with a delay between them These pulses are sent down the output lines to see if a resistance is present Basically the pulses search for a load If a load is detected on the output the inverter s output increases to full voltage so that it can power the load When the load is turned off the inverter goes to sleep and begins searching again Search The sensitivity of Search mode is in increments of approximately 0 1 Aac The default is 6 increments or about 0 6 Aac A load which draws this amount or greater will wake up the inverter 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 23 Operation NOTE Due to load characteristics these increments are only approximate and may not function exactly as listed The pulse duration and the delay both have a time period that is measured in AC cycles These two items and the load detection threshold are adjustable gt Search mode may not be useful in larger systems with loads that require continuous power e g clocks answering machines fax machines Search mode may cause nuisance shutdowns or it may sleep so rarely that there is no benefit gt Some devices may not be easily detected by Search mode gt Search is inoperative if the UPS input mode is in use See page 17 for more information on this mode Input When the Radian inverter input terminals are connected to a stable AC source the inverter will synchronize itself with that source and use it as the pr
68. er generically to the AUX output it can mean either set of terminals Each AUX output has three states continuous Off continuous On and Auto which allows that output to be activated using the automatic auxiliary functions All functions are defaulted to Off These items are based in the Radian and accessed using the system display The system display and other devices also have programming such as AGS that can control the AUX outputs To avoid conflicts the output should be turned Off when the AGS function is active See page 47 For the Radian automatic functions typical applications include signaling a generator to start sending a fault alarm signal or running a small fan to ventilate the batteries When considering these applications plan for both connection requirements and programming with the system display Ii The AUX terminals have a series of set points which are used by various functions Both sets of terminals have the same options available but they are programmed independently Not all set points are used by all functions Each AUX mode description below will detail the set points that are used for that function Low DC voltage settings High DC voltage settings On delay settings in increments of 0 1 minutes Off delay settings in increments of 0 1 minutes These settings are not temperature compensated Compensation is only used for inverter battery charging There are nine functions each geared to
69. erature exceeds a certain level Check temperature readings and allow the inverter to cool if necessary See page Error Bookmark not defined External cooling may also be applied 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Will not sell power to the utility grid Loads drop out or crash during transfer 54 Grid tied function has been manually disabled Grid Tied mode not in use on the appropriate input AC source does not meet requirements this item is usually accompanied by disconnecting from the utility grid when in Grid Tied mode The inverter has other criteria besides the AC source which must be met such as the qualifying time The inverter will perform the Offset function before attempting to sell Erratic AC source voltage Inverter set to Search Search mode Loads sensitive to inverter s transfer time UPS mode not in use on the appropriate input Loads too large Undersized battery cables MATES system display only Check the Grid Tie Enable setting in the Grid Tie Sell menu Confirm it is set to Y MATES system display only Check the Inverter part of the Settings menu to see if Grid Tied mode is in use Confirm that it has been selected for the correct Radian input terminals Verify grid voltage and frequency Determine if they are within the inverter s approved limits If not the inverter is operat
70. est points The inverter is working correctly if the AC output reads within 10 of 230 Vac or the programmed output voltage Proceed past the items below to Step 6 on the next page To start a multiple inverter stacked system 1 Close the main DC circuit breakers or connect the fuses from the battery bank to the inverter Repeat for every inverter present With the system display perform any programming for stacking and all other functions BH These functions may also include AC input modes AC output voltage input current limits battery charging generator starting and others gt When stacking in parallel all slave inverters will observe the programming settings for the master They do not need to be programmed individually When stacking in three phase configuration all subphase masters will observe the AC input mode and many of the settings used by the master inverter However they need to be individually programmed as appropriate for AC output voltage and frequency They also need to be programmed for AC input voltage and frequency for both AC inputs All slaves will observe the programming settings for the master or for their individual subphase master They do not need to be programmed individually AC input modes are described beginning on page 13 and are summarized on page 21 The inverter s individual operations are described beginning on page 22 Stacking is described beginning on page 36 The MATE3 Configuratio
71. f AUC terminals may be used to start the generator by closing the appropriate circuit The specific choice of RELAY AUX or 12V AUX may depend on the generator s starting circuitry Different 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 43 44 examples are illustrated in the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual The AUX output will activate to start the generator when the battery voltage falls to a low set point for a settable delay The AUX output is deactivated shutting off the generator once the battery voltage rises to a high voltage setting for a settable delay period Settable parameters include e low and high DC voltage e On and off delay Gen Alert control logic is located in the inverter It has the advantage of functioning when the system display is removed However it may not completely charge the batteries and does not have all the advantages of the Advanced Generator Start AGS function that is found in the system display For many users the AGS function may prove more useful than Gen Alert Gen Alert however could be used as a literal Generator Alert a signal to the user to manually start a generator NOTE Gen Alert is the default selection for the RELAY AUX settings IMPORTANT When using Gen Alert or AGS the generator must be connected to the inverter s GEN terminals If the input priority is set to GRID and the GRID terminals are energized an automatically controlled generator will shut down This prevents an autom
72. f the AC source gt The Generator input mode is intended to accept irregular or unfiltered AC sources and is more likely to do so than other modes This should be considered before using this mode with sensitive loads See page 13 If the charging function is turned off the inverter will transfer power from the source but will not use it to charge If the inverting function is turned off the inverter will transfer pass through the source power when connected but will not invert when the source is removed In a stacked system slaves are ordered to transfer at the same time as the master If a slave does not sense an AC source at the same time as the master it will continue inverting and will experience a Phase Loss warning see page 58 This appears as an Event on the MATE3 system display L Ti 26 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Battery Charging IMPORTANT Battery charger settings need to be correct for a given battery type Always follow battery manufacturer recommendations Making incorrect settings or leaving them at factory default settings may cause the batteries to be undercharged or overcharged WwW Charge Current Batteries or battery banks usually have a recommended limit on the maximum current used for charging Often this is calculated as a percentage or fraction of the battery capacity represented by C For example C 5 would be a DC amperage figure that is 1 5 of the total amp hours of the bank Any c
73. fault If the condition is corrected the inverter will reconnect A few settings can be changed to accommodate problems with the AC source The reasons shown in the Sell Status menu for ceasing to sell power see next page may be the same as disconnect messages If the Grid Interface Protection settings are exceeded see page 12 the inverter will disconnect from the utility grid Table 11 shows the primary seven reasons for disconnection An eighth field may be visible but it can feature several different messages which vary with conditions A list of these messages and their definitions is featured on the OutBack website at www outbackpower com Table 11 Disconnect Troubleshooting Frequency Too High The AC source has exceeded acceptable Check AC source If itis a generator reduce speed frequency levels Frequency Too Low The AC source has dropped below Check AC source If itis a generator increase speed acceptable frequency levels Voltage Maximum Voltage Minimum Backfeed Phase Lock Island Detect 60 The AC source has exceeded acceptable voltage levels The AC source has dropped below acceptable voltage levels Usually indicates that another AC power source out of phase with the inverter was connected to the AC output Can also occur if an out of phase AC source is connected to the AC input The unit cannot remain in phase with an erratic AC source The grid seems to be present but normal grid co
74. hargers must be set so that the peak charge current does not exceed the recommended maximum If multiple chargers are present including other chargers besides the Radian this calculation must accommodate the total combined current The Radian s charger may need to be set atless than maximum The system display can be used to change charger settings IMPORTANT Although the recommended current is generally represented in DC amperes the Charger AC Limit setting is measured in AC amperes which are not measured on the same scale To convert the recommended DC current into a usable AC figure divide the DC figure by 4 and round up The result can be used as a charger setting for the Radian inverter a Examples 1 Battery bank consists of 8 x L16 FLA batteries in series Recommended maximum charge current is 75 Adc 75 4 18 75 or 19 Aac 2 Battery bank consists of 12 x OutBack EnergyCell 200RE VRLA batteries in series parallel Recommended maximum charge current is 90 Adc 90 4 22 5 or 23 Aac The maximum DC charge rate for Radian models is specified in Table 13 on page 63 The actual Charger AC Limit setting is available in the AC Input and Current Limit menu of the MATES system display See Table 17 on page 67 These numbers are also summarized in Table 2 below If multiple Radian inverters are installed divide the total current by the number of inverters and program each with the resulting number Table 2 Charge Currents for Radian
75. he batteries can be sustained It is expected that the batteries will also be charged from renewable sources such as PV When the batteries become depleted the system reconnects to the utility grid to operate the loads The inverter will reconnect to the utility grid if the battery voltage decreases to the Connect to Grid set point and remains there for the Delay time period These items are shown in Table 17 on page 67 While connected to the utility grid the inverter s charger can be set either on or off If the charger is turned on the inverter will proceed through a full charging cycle Upon reaching float stage the inverter will disconnect from the grid If the inverter is connected to the utility grid and the charger is turned off another DC source such as renewable energy should be present to charge the batteries The inverter will observe the batteries as if it was performing the charge When the batteries reach the required voltages and charging times to achieve float stage the inverter will disconnect from the grid This means that the regulator for the renewable source must be set to the same settings as the Radian or higher Check the settings of both devices as needed See page 27 for more information on the battery charging cycle BENEFITS Mini Grid mode allows a system to minimize or eliminate dependence on the utility grid This is only possible if certain conditions are met See the Notes below NOTES TheRadia
76. imary source of AC power Its transfer relay will engage linking the AC source directly with the inverter s output It can also use the source to charge batteries See Battery Charging on page 27 gt Two sets of AC input terminals are available Both inputs are identical and can be used for any AC source However for easy reference the first input has been labeled GRID for the utility grid The second input is labeled GEN for a generator These designations are also used in the menus of the MATE3 system display Each input has a separate set of input criteria and input modes Thecriteria modes and other programming for each input contain identical content gt The independent inputs are intended to simplify the connection to multiple AC sources however the inverter can only use one input at a time If both inputs are powered the default setting is for the inverter to accept the GRID input This can be changed In the MATE3 system display these priorities are selected using Input Priority in the AC Input and Current Limit menu gt Seven input modes are available which affect the Radian inverter s interactions with AC input sources The Grid Tied mode allows the Radian to sell power using the input connection The Support mode can use battery power to assist a smaller AC source See page 21 for descriptions of these and other input modes gt The loads powered by the inverter must not exceed the size of the inverter s transfer re
77. ing Three Inverters eese 38 Example of Three Phase Stacking Nine Inverters sss sss essen 38 Power Save Levels and Loads either A TO EA IAN DONAR UN IRE austere 39 3553540BE POWER SAVE POY eccle di negas tien ect sue eidem ive ru bone ieu o ten derived td oes 40 G357045E Power Save Priority iei cerrtotivipeticeneeb abeat Ye Eth et e m oreet 41 HOME Gi RETE T ee cera eterna ate elieee eae nnn rare 49 lasse ioa income e Es 49 Datter Scr eB Dee ee nae re co use ode aed ae rs a de LAU 50 GNE elu EL 5 Temperature DET ATIIAG vissceicccsseesscessderntedenceas aseh hentai etre a eei que ete aes hein varese eei Dude Tee 65 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 3 Table of Contents This page intentionally left blank 4 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Introduction Audience This manual provides instructions for setup and operation of the product It does not cover installation The manual is intended to be used by anyone required to operate the Radian Series Inverter Charger Operators must be familiar with all the safety regulations pertaining to operating power equipment of this type as required by local code Operators are advised to have basic electrical knowledge and a complete understanding of this equipment s features and functions Do not use this product unless it has been installed by a qualified installer in accordance with the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual Symbols Used WARNING Hazard to Human Life
78. ing correctly Contact the utility company if necessary MATE3 system display only The program limits are found in the inverter s Grid Interface Protection menu See the Grid Tied mode beginning on page 15 for more information on this menu MATES system display only Check Sell Status screen using the Home screen s soft keys The inverter may be operating correctly Depending on the conditions which need to be met the delay may be temporary Output loads can consume all excess renewable power if they are large enough The Offset function sells to the loads Turn off some output loads and observe the sell operation Check AC voltage on the inverter s input test points See page 51 If not consistent the problem is external MATES system display only AC source voltage may have dipped or hovered at a low enough point to crash a sensitive load before the inverter could take over This can happen if the inverter s Grid AC Input Voltage Limits or Gen AC Input Voltage Limits were turned down to accommodate a problematic AC source To make the inverter respond sooner raise the lower limit setting in the appropriate menu If this setting was intentional then no action is required The unit will take a moment to come out of Search mode after transferring MATES system display only If constant power is required set to ON with the INVERTER hot key If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATE3 system display o
79. inverter consumes approximately 30 watts of idle power while it remains on even if it is not actively inverting or charging The Power Save function allows the option to put part of a parallel system into a quiescent state known as Silent mode This mode minimizes the idle consumption The inverters will come on again when the loads require power The term Silent is also used in an unrelated context during battery charging See page 30 gt When the load increases by approximately 2 5 kW the master inverter activates one or more additional modules for assistance When the load decreases to a lesser wattage as detected by the master the modules deactivate and return to Silent mode Additional load increments of approximately 2 5 kW will activate additional modules gt The first module in the master does not enter Silent mode It remains active unless specifically turned off gt The order in which additional modules activate or return to Silent mode is controlled by programming in the MATE3 The inverters are given a rank or level number Lower rank numbers activate when lesser loads are applied Higher ranks only activate when the load increases to a high level j IMPORTANT S Power Save functionality is different between Radian models The Radian GS3548E contains only one 4kW module Activating one module is the same as activating the full inverter The GS7048E contains two modules and operates differently Do not co
80. inverting in minimal time This allows the system to support sensitive AC loads without interruption BENEFITS gt Constant power is provided to the loads with virtually no drop in voltage or current NOTES gt Due to the need for the Radian inverter to react quickly to AC source fluctuations it must remain fully active at all times The inverter requires a continuous consumption of 42 watts gt For this reason the Search function does not operate in this mode See page 23 900 0145 01 01 RevB 17 Operation Backup es ZA The Backup mode is intended for systems that have utility grid available as the primary AC source This source will pass through the Radian inverter s transfer circuit and will power the loads unless utility power is lost If utility grid power is lost then the Radian inverter will supply energy to the loads from the battery bank When the utility power returns it will be used to power the loads again BENEFITS gt This mode will continuously maintain the batteries in a fully charged state unlike the Support mode It does not have the overhead consumption of the UPS mode Mi iG id AES C ini Grid i In Mini Grid mode the Radian inverter automatically rejects an AC source and runs solely from battery and renewable energy The inverter only connects to the AC source usually the utility grid when the batteries run too low The Radian inverter runs on battery supplied power for as long as t
81. ity depending on the battery type the exact charger setting and other conditions Voltage Used Absorb Voltage setting The default setting is 57 6 Vdc The initial DC current may be as high as the charger s maximum current depending on conditions It will begin at a high level but will drop slightly as the voltage rises This is not a decrease in charging the charger delivers constant power in Bulk stage It can be viewed as a wattage tradeoff the increase in voltage results in a decrease in current for a constant wattage To skip this step Setting Absorb Voltage equal to Float Voltage will cause the charger to proceed through the normal three stage cycle but at a single voltage Setting Absorb Time to zero will cause the charger to skip both the Bulk and Absorption stages and proceed directly to Float This may not be desired if the intent is to include the Bulk stage but skip Absorption Absorption Stage This is the second stage of charging It is a constant voltage stage Current varies as needed to maintain the voltage but will typically decrease to a very low number over time This tops off the tank leaving the batteries at essentially 100 of capacity Voltage Used Absorb Voltage setting This setting is also used by Offset when in this stage See page 35 For the three stage cycle to proceed normally this setting should be kept higher than the Float Voltage and Re Bulk Voltage settings Time limit Absorb Time
82. l charging source When battery voltage rises above a settable high voltage level the AUX output is activated after a settable delay The AUX output controls a larger external relay When energized the relay allows current to flow from the batteries to a dedicated DC load This is illustrated in the Radian Series Inverter Charger Installation Manual The resistor or load must be sized to dissipate all of the energy from the renewable source if necessary Diversion will turn off following a delay when a low DC voltage setting is reached Settable parameters include e Lowand high DC voltage e Onand off delay 900 0145 01 01 Rev B gt GT Limits activates the AUX output as an alert that the utility grid does not meet Grid Interface Protection parameters for the grid interactive function see page 15 It can activate a light or alarm to show that the grid interactive function has shut down and that there may be problems with the grid The AUX output will cycle on and off if grid parameters are met and the reconnection timer is counting down Thisfunction does not have settable parameters other than those of the Grid Interface Protection menu see Table 17 beginning on page 67 gt Source Status activates the AUX output whenever the inverter accepts an AC source It can activate a light or alarm to show that the utility grid is present or that a generator has started Alternately it could be used to show that the source has disconnec
83. lay CAUTION Equipment Damage Current draw in excess of the transfer relay rating can damage the transfer relay This damage is not covered by warranty Use protective devices of appropriate size AC Current Settings E a The AC current settings Grid Input AC Limit and Gen Input AC Limit control the amount of current that the inverter draws from the source s When using either of the Radian s AC inputs the appropriate setting limits the input Adjust these settings to match the input circuit breakers gt The adjustment is meant to protect a generator or source that cannot supply enough current for both charging and loads If the combined charging and loads exceed the setting the inverter will reduce its charge rate and give priority to the loads If the loads exceed this number on their own the charge rate will be reduced to zero TheRadian s battery charger and grid interactive function have individual settings However the AC Limit settings can also limit the charging or selling current gt The Support input mode allows the Radian to support the AC source with battery power See page 14 24 900 0145 01 01 Rev B The AC input current is used to power both loads and battery charging The combined amount should not exceed the size of the AC overcurrent device or AC source These devices should be sized appropriately during planning and installation of the inverter system gt fmultiple parallel inverters are installe
84. ll the slaves at which point the master would read a high load again This could quickly escalate into a rapid on off cycling of inverters and could cause long term system problems Figure 12 shows a system of four GS3548E inverters the master and three slaves in a parallel system with a common load bus The labels at the top indicate the ranking of each unit The notations at the bottom show how the units are activated in sequence as loads of approximately 2 5 kW are applied Master Slave 1 Slave 2 Slave 3 Master Power Save Slave Power Save Slave Power Save Slave Power Save e 1 4 Minimal Load approx 2 5 kW 12 Aac approx 5 kW 24 Aac approx 7 to 8 kW 36 Aac Figure12 GS3548E Power Save Priority The last line indicates that loads of approximately 7 to 8 kW are present on the system causing all four inverters to be activated 40 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Additional Notes for the Radian GS7048E The GS7048A has two modules The modules are controlled individually The Power Save function will activate one module at a time making an additional 3 5 kW of power available for every load increase of approximately 2 5 kW Figure 13 shows a system of four GS7048E inverters the master and three slaves in a parallel system with a common load bus The labels at the top indicate the ranking of each unit The notations at the bottom show how the units are activated in sequence as loads of approximately 2 5 kW are applied gt
85. ltage 55 Troubleshooting Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy MATES system display only AGS Check both inputs for a second AC source utility grid If the Advanced function does not work if Generator Start another valid input is present AGS fails to activate when conditions are met or starts when conditions are not met MATES system display is not present Other AUX functions are in operation AGS or Gen Alert The inverter s GRID input is in functions start the use and the input priority is set generator butthe to GRID inverter does not accept the power and shuts off the generator again Module Select inverter detects an acceptable AC source it will not allow AGS This is true even if it is internally disconnected from the source due to HBX mode Mini Grid mode or similar programming AGS programming is located in the MATE3 and cannot function if the MATE3 is removed Gen Alert or another AUX function may try to start or stop the generator using the wrong criteria Make sure all other AUX functions are disabled If the input priority is set to GRID and the GRID terminals are energized an automatically controlled generator will shut down This could indicate that the generator has been wired to the GRID input or it could indicate that another AC source is active on the GRID input while the generator is using the GEN input The GEN input must b
86. ltage and temperature information Inverter Battery Port 01 Ti i EE Hat Tem su NOTE The charger settings cannot be adjusted on this screen Float 53 6 V Re F lout 50 0 V Equalize 62 0 V Sar ll RE 52 0 V L Beh Harn Error Fert Jj An arrow will appear to the right of Absorb Float or Equalizeto 7 wn indicate that the charger is in that stage The arrow will not appear if the charger is in the Bulk stage or if it is inactive T tit Figure 16 Battery Screen Screen items Actualdisplays the uncompensated battery voltage Absorb displays the charger s Absorption voltage setting See page 29 Float displays the charger s Float voltage setting See page 30 Equalize displays the charger s Equalization voltage setting See page 30 VV V V WV Temp Comp displays the corrected battery voltage using temperature readings from the Remote Temperature Sensor RTS If no RTS is present Temp Comp and Actual will read the same See page 33 gt Batt Temp displays the battery temperature in degrees Celsius as measured by the RTS It is only valid for port 1 on the HUB If other ports are selected or if no RTS is present the characters will be displayed Re Floatdisplays the Re Float setting which was programmed into the inverter s charger This is the voltage used for the inverter to return from Silent mode to the float stage See page 30 Sell REvoltage is the target voltage used by the inverter for both the
87. modes such as Mini Grid may prevent the inverter from accepting AC power even if electrical conditions are met See page 18 Several items external to the inverter may prevent the inverter from accepting AC power even if electrical conditions are met Some examples are the High Battery Transfer Grid Usage Time or Load Grid Transfer 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 25 Operation functions all of which are operated by the MATE3 system display See page 47 Another example is the MATE3 s AC INPUT hot key menu which can order all inverters to disconnect when set to Drop L Ti Generator Input K l T 4 A generator should be sized to provide enough power for all inverters both for loads and for battery charging The generator s voltage and frequency must match the inverter s acceptance settings It is usually recommended that the generator be sized at twice the wattage of the inverter system Many generators may not be able to maintain AC voltage or frequency for long periods of time if they are loaded more than 8096 of rated capacity The generator is required to have a stable output before its power is accepted by the inverter Some generators with less stable or uneven outputs may not be accepted The use of the Generator input mode may assist with this problem Transfer Pm 9 T The inverter uses a transfer relay to alternate between the states of inverting and of accepting an AC source Until the relay energizes the output termin
88. n Wizard may be used to assist programming Turn on the master inverter using the system display or external switch if one has been installed The Radian s default condition is Off Do not turn on any AC circuit breakers at this time Using a DVM or voltmeter verify 230 Vac or appropriate voltage between the master L and N OUT terminals See Figure 3 for AC test points gt The inverter is working correctly if the AC output reads within 10 of 230 Vac or the programmed output voltage gt fsubphase masters are used in three phase configuration perform this test on each subphase master If necessary confirm appropriate voltages from one inverter to the next 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Commissioning 5 Using the system display temporarily bring each slave out of Silent mode by raising the Power Save Level of the master See page 39 gt Aseach slave is activated it will click and create an audible hum gt Confirm that the system display shows no fault messages Confirm that the output voltages are still correct Individual slave voltage readings are not necessary since all slave inverters are in parallel gt When this test is finished return the master to its previous settings After output testing is completed perform the following steps 6 Close the AC output circuit breakers If AC bypass switches are present place them in the normal non bypass position Do not connect an AC input source or close any AC inp
89. n inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries See page 35 for more information on Offset operation However the Offset function is inapplicable when the Radian disconnects from an AC source The renewable energy supports the inverting function instead gt This mode has similar priorities to the high battery transfer HBX function used by the MATE3 system display However it is not compatible with HBX and cannot be used at the same time When using Mini Grid mode the system display should disable HBX to prevent conflicts 18 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Mini Grid mode is also incompatible with the Grid Use Time and Load Grid Transfer functions of the MATE3 system display These functions do not have similar priorities to Mini Grid or HBX but they do control the inverter s connection and disconnection with the grid Mini Grid should not be used with these functions gt When deciding whether to use Mini Grid mode or HBX the user should consider the aspects of each Mini Grid logic is based in the Radian inverter and can function in the absence of the MATE3 HBX logic is based in the MATE3 and cannot function unless the MATES is installed and operating A Mini Grid can use utility grid power to fully recharge the batteries every time it reconnects to the grid HBX can only do so under specific circumstances HBX set points have a wide range of settings Mini Grid uses settings intended to
90. n manage large quantities of power To prevent damage to the batteries from rapid discharge the rate of discharge can be limited using the DoD Amps setting This item should be set lower than the amperage provided by the renewable source gt When DoD Volts is set low this mode allows more renewable energy to be delivered from the batteries to the loads However it will also leave less of a battery reserve in the event of a grid failure When DoD Volts is set high the batteries will not be discharged as deeply and will retain more of a backup reserve However not as much renewable energy will be sent to the loads gt The renewable energy source needs to exceed the size of all loads and possible losses The renewable source must also charge the batteries The inverter does not charge the batteries in GridZero mode BENEFITS This mode seamlessly blends the use of battery power and grid power It puts renewable energy to the most effective use without selling power to the utility grid GridZero mode minimizes dependence on the grid as long as certain conditions are met The inverter remains connected to the utility grid in case the grid is needed If large loads require the use of grid power no transfer is necessary to support the loads 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 19 Operation NOTES IMPORTANT Setting DoD Volts too low will severely discharge the batteries The battery bank may not have sufficient reserve to provide backup i
91. n the event of a grid failure To prevent the loss of power load use and the DoD Volts setting should be planned accordingly CES gt Ifthe renewable energy source is not greater than the size of the inverter loads this mode will not work well over time The renewable source must be capable of charging the batteries as well as running the loads This occurs when renewable energy production exceeds the DoD Amps setting gt The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries See page 35 for more information on Offset operation However the behavior of Offset in Grid Zero mode is different because it uses the DoD Volts exclusively gt Theinverter s battery charger cannot be used in this mode However the menu settings and timer operations are not changed when this mode is selected The battery should be discharged whenever possible in the attempt to zero the grid usage If the DoD Amps setting is limited or loads are not present the batteries will be unable to accept much renewable recharging the next time it is available The renewable energy will be wasted leaving the system dependent on the utility grid more than necessary 20 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Table 1 Summary of Input Modes Operation te summers e aaee nt ae Generator Tied 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Accepts power from an irregular or low quality AC source Adds battery power to augment an AC so
92. nditions are not detected This can occur if the Radian s input is powered by another inverter instead of the grid It may be the result of an open main disconnect Check AC source The inverter s acceptance range is adjustable NOTE Adjusting the range may accommodate a problematic AC source but it will not fix it Check AC source The inverter s acceptance range is adjustable NOTE Adjusting the range may accommodate a problematic AC source but it will not fix it Disconnect the AC OUT wires Check the wires not the inverter with an AC voltmeter If an AC source is present shut it off This is more often accompanied by an AC Output Backfeed error Check input source and wiring This can be caused by a source with phase problems Check AC source This can be caused by a generator with a poorly regulated output Some generators perform this way when low on fuel If necessary use the Generator input mode See page 13 Check all input disconnects or circuit breakers for an open circuit Check for any other inverters installed in the system and disable them This may rarely occur with a generator If necessary use the Generator input mode See page 13 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Sell Status Sell Status messages describe conditions relating to the inverter s grid interactive mode This screen is viewed using the MATE3 Home screen s soft keys See the MATE3 manual for more instructions
93. nfuse the behavior of each See Figure 12 and Figure 13 for differences Master Slave 1 Slave 2 Slave 3 Minimal load On Off Off Off Increasing load On On Off Off High load On On On Off Maximum load On On On On Figure 11 Power Save Levels and Loads The actual watt and ampere thresholds for activating each model are depicted on the following pages IMPORTANT It is highly recommended to use the MATE3 Configuration Wizard to set up this function It is essential to set the slave Power Save Levels in sequential order Failure to set them up correctly will cause erratic system performance The Configuration Wizard automatically programs the correct priorities See the MATE3 owner s manual D To set these items manually without the Configuration Wizard In the MATE3 system display the Power Save Ranking screen uses Power Save Level selections to assign inverter ranks The screen reads Master Power Save Level or Slave Power Save Level 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 39 depending on the inverter s stacking designation Ii Master Power Save Level appears on an inverter which is set as master the default setting In a stacked system this selection should only appear on the inverter using Port 1 of the communications manager The range of rank numbers is 0 to 31 The default value is 0 The master is normally left at this value gt This heading also appears on an inverter which is set as the B phase or C phase master The range of ra
94. ning message is caused by a non critical fault When this occurs the unit will not shut down but the MATE3 system display will show an event and a specific warning message This screen is viewed using the MATE3 Home screen s soft keys See the MATE3 manual for more instructions One or more messages will display Y yes If a message says N no it is not the cause of the warning NOTE The Radian series has no external indicators and requires the MATE3 system display to identify a warning Some warnings can become errors if left unattended Frequency and voltage warnings are meant to warn of a problematic AC source Often the inverter will disconnect from the source This will occur if the condition lasts longer than the inverter s transfer delay settings If the inverter disconnects the warning will display as long as the source is present accompanied by a disconnect message See page 60 Warning screens can only display warnings they cannot clear them The way to correct the fault may be obvious from the message Table 8 Warning Troubleshooting AC Freq Too High The AC source is above the upper acceptable Check the AC source If it is a generator reduce its frequency limit and prevents connection speed AC Freq Too Low The AC source is below the lower acceptable Check the AC source If itis a generator increase frequency limit and prevents connection its speed Voltage Too High The AC source is above the upper acceptable Check th
95. nk numbers is 0 to 31 The default value is O gt Slave Power Save Level appears on an inverter which is set as slave The range of rank numbers is 1 to 31 The default value for all ports is 1 gt The ranks are prioritized so that lower numbered ranks turn on sooner and higher ranks turn on later The lowest ranked unit will not go silent and will remain on unless ordered otherwise The lowest ranked unit is expected to be the master The priorities are the same across both screens thus if PO1 master is set at 0 and PO2 slave is set at 1 the slave will turn on later Since the Master item is the only one that goes to 0 it is easy to ensure that all other units besides the master go silent IMPORTANT Ww Set the master rank at 0 and arrange the slave ranks in order 1 2 3 4 etc Another is order may defeat the purpose of Power Save mode Leaving the master at 0 makes 4 kW of power available from the master the other inverters should not be active If a slave is ranked lower prioritized higher than the master that slave will not go silent NOTE Disregard this rule if the installation requires some of the slaves to be continuously active IMPORTANT i Do not give slave inverters the same rank numbers If for example multiple slaves i B were all ranked at 1 they would all come on at the same time Once they came on the divided load would cause the master to detect a minimal load on its output so it would shut off a
96. nly Most of the inverter s input modes feature a small but noticeable response time during transfer Certain loads such as highly sensitive computers may not respond well The UPS input mode has a faster response time Select this mode for the appropriate input See page 17 The unit can transfer more power than it can invert If loads are oversized the unit will falter or crash when switching to batteries Reduce the size of the loads Battery cables smaller than recommended will cause a significant voltage drop when switching to batteries acting like either an overload or a low battery condition Size all cables correctly 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Troubleshooting Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Inverter clicks repeatedly AC output voltage rises or drops to unusual levels with every Click Unit reads AC input even though no source is present Inverter hums loudly System display may show messages for high battery voltage low battery voltage or backfeed error Generator external fan etc fails to start when signal is provided by AUX output Inverter s output has been connected to its input Voltage shifts are the result of trying to match its own voltage Low AC input voltage Can be caused by weak AC source or by faulty input connection A generator is connected to the input terminals while the unit is in the Grid Tied input mode Internal transfer
97. nstallation Manual instructions to install an external switch No AC output Unit defaulted off The Radian inverter is given an initial Off command in the factory will not invert No MATES present initial With DC present use narrow pliers to remove jumper J3 from its install J3 confirmed present pins Once removed install it again This is the equivalent of jiggling the switch Inverter set to Off MATES system display only Set to On with the INVERTER hot key Inverter set to Search Search MATES system display only If constant power is required set to On mode with the INVERTER hot key If this setting was intentional then no action is required 3 See inside front cover of this manual 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 51 Troubleshooting Table 6 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy One or more inverters will not invert while others do in multi inverter system Will not connect to the AC source Unit is slave and is in Power Save mode No AC input AC source does not meet requirements AC source meets requirements but is noisy or irregular Inverter was manually set to disconnect from AC Grid use function has disconnected from AC High Battery Transfer HBX mode has disconnected from AC Mini Grid input mode has disconnected from AC Conflicting programming Grid Tied mode has disconnected from AC For only the B or C inverters on a three phase sys
98. oceed as described on the previous pages 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 31 Cycle 1 Cycle2 Cycle 3 Cycle 4 Voltage AC Loss AC Loss AC Loss Absorption gt p p Absorption gt c v c v Absorption c v Absorption 3 SetPoint m mm uma uem le mm mm m m mm em unm eee ee m m Float S SS ee e cepe Ss IEE pA Set Point Re Float C aail ro SENE WE FH Silent N ReBuk Eee ee ey a e uc aa ort Set Point r s i i 1 i Timer gt Timer runs lt runs gt gt Timer runs gt Timer lt accumulates accumulates Figure 6 Repeated Charging Cycles Example of Multiple Cycles gt In Figure 6 Cycle 1 the charger initially completes Absorption When the Absorption timer expires the charger goes Silent until battery voltage decreases to the Re Float setting The Float timer is reset to its maximum The charger enters Float and proceeds until it is interrupted by a loss of AC power gt Cycle 2 begins when the AC source is restored During the AC loss the battery voltage did not decrease to the Re Float setting so Float Time retains the remainder of the previous cycle The charger returns to Float and completes the stage when its timer expires It then goes Silent During the Silent period AC is lost again The battery voltage
99. odule To completely turn on a slave inverter the master must be increased two ranks See the next page 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 41 Operation In Table 4 instead of loads the number on the far left of each line shows the master increased by one rank This example is otherwise the same as Figure 13 The last line of the table shows the master increased to 3 which is the same as the rank of the highest slave However this only activates the first of the three slaves The master would need to be set to rank 7 to activate all slaves Table 4 Changing Master Power Save Levels GS7048E Power Module Module Power Module Module Power Module Module Power Module Module Save 1 2 Save 3 4 Save 5 6 Save 7 8 0 on of of of 2 of of 3 of o 2 3 pt n o of of 2 of of of on 2 om j on o of of of of o 3 om j On j On j On j of of of of 42 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Auxiliary Terminals The Radian inverter has two sets of terminals which can respond to different criteria and control many operations The 12V AUX terminals provide a 12 Vdc output that can deliver up to 0 7 Adc to control external loads The RELAY AUX terminals are dry relay contacts rated up to 10 amps at 250 Vac or 30 Vdc Each set of terminals has its own set of programmed criteria Each has identical options available When the options described below ref
100. oes not control the charger or any other function MATES System Display and Controller The Radian inverter has no display or LED indicators It is not possible to monitor its status or operating mode without a metering device The MATE3 System Display and Controller sold separately is designed to accommodate programming and monitoring of a Grid Hybrid power system The MATE3 provides the means to adjust the factory default settings to correctly match the installation where needed It provides the means to monitor system performance and troubleshoot fault or shutdown conditions It also has data logging and interface functions using the Internet Once settings are modified using a MATE3 the MATE3 can be removed from the installation The settings are stored in the nonvolatile memory of the Radian inverter However it is highly recommended to include a MATE3 as part of the system This provides the means to monitor system performance and respond quickly should it be necessary to correct a fault or shutdown condition The MATE3 s Configuration Wizard is capable of automatically configuring inverters to a series of preset values This is often more efficient than attempting to manually program each setting in each inverter Affected fields include system type battery charging and AC source configuration Ii NOTE The Radian inverter can only be used with MATE3 firmware revision 002 017 xxx or higher IMPORTANT Some functions are not base
101. ollowing this section To help decide which mode will be used the basic points of each mode are compared in Table 1 on page 21 Apart from the input modes Radian inverters possess a set of common functions or operations These operations are described in detail beginning on page 22 Most of these items operate the same regardless of which input mode is selected however this is not always true The exceptions are noted where appropriate NOTE The Radian s battery charger uses the same programming and settable limits regardless of which input is used It does not have independent charger settings on each input Each distinct mode function or operation is accompanied by a symbol representing the inverter and that operation DC These items represent the input from the AC TRANSFER source the output to the AC loads DC functions inverting charging etc and the transfer relay AC IN CU emm TW COUT Arrows on each symbol represent power flow The symbols may have other features depending on the operation Description of AC Input Modes These modes control aspects of how the inverter interacts with AC input sources Each mode is intended to optimize the inverter for a particular application The names of the modes are Generator Support Grid Tied UPS Backup Mini Grid and GridZero The modes are summarized and compared in Table 1 Both of the Radian s inputs Grid and Gen can be programmed for separate modes gt The Grid input
102. power is returned to the utility grid it may be possible to reverse the utility meter However this depends on other loads in the system Loads on the main panel not on the inverter s output may consume power as fast as itis sold The meter would not run backwards even if the system display showed the inverter selling power The result of selling would be to reduce AC power consumption not reverse it The amount of power an inverter can sell is not equal to its specified output wattage The Maximum Sell Current can be decreased if it is necessary to limit the power sold This item is available in the Grid Interface Protection menu The amount of power that is sold is controlled by the utility grid voltage The wattage sold is determined by this voltage multiplied by the current For example if the inverter sells 30 amps and the voltage is 231 Vac the inverter will sell 6 93 kVA If the voltage is 242 Vac the inverter will sell 7 26 kVA Additionally output will vary with inverter temperature battery type and other conditions J This recommendation is specifically for the inverter s grid interactive function In some cases the source may be sized larger to account for environmental conditions or the presence of DC loads This depends on individual site requirements gt The grid interactive function can only operate while the utility grid power is stable and within specific limits In Grid Tied mode the inverter will operate in
103. protect the batteries from excessive discharge however most of its settings are automatic and do not allow customization HBX works more efficiently with a larger renewable source but there is no specification for renewable size Mini Grid cannot work properly unless the source is larger than the size of the loads If this condition is not met Mini Grid will not disconnect the inverter from the utility grid HBX can be combined with the settings of any other input mode Generator UPS etc The Mini Grid input mode is limited to its own settings and does not have access to certain functions of other modes See page 47 for more information on HBX Grid Use Time and Load Grid Transfer L Is AO GridZero IL In GridZero mode the Radian inverter remains grid connected but prioritizes the use of battery or renewable sources to run loads It uses only renewable energy to recharge the batteries The inverter tries to zero the use of the utility grid drawing on AC power only when needed to supplement stored DC sources Note that the inverter draws up to 1 Aac regardless of the DC sources In the MATE3 system display the selectable options are DoD Volts and DoD Amps The inverter sends battery power to the loads when the batteries exceed the DoD Volts setting by 0 8 Vdc As the battery voltage decreases to DoD Volts the inverter reduces the current toward zero It will maintain the batteries at this setting The Radian inverter ca
104. r has stopped selling These warnings are caused when the grid exceeds one of the settings in the Grid Interface Protection menu A GT warning may accompany a Disconnect message see Table 11 or a regular warning see Table 8 depending on conditions Table 10 GT Warnings AC Freq Too High The AC source has exceeded Grid Interface Protection frequency levels Voltage Too High The AC source has exceeded Grid Interface Protection voltage levels Voltage Too Low The AC source has dropped below Grid Interface Protection voltage levels AC Freq Too Low The AC source has dropped below Grid Interface Protection frequency levels 9 See inside front cover of this manual 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 59 Troubleshooting Disconnect Messages Disconnect messages explain why the inverter has disconnected from an AC source after previously being connected The unit returns to inverting mode if turned on This screen is viewed using the AC INPUT hot key on the MATE3 One or more messages will display Y yes If a message says N no it is not the cause of the disconnection The MATE3 system display may generate a concurrent event and warning message following the disconnection See page 58 If the AC source is removed the warning will be blank but the cause of the last disconnection will remain Ii Disconnect messages only display the reason for the disconnection they cannot correct it It is usually the result of external conditions not an inverter
105. rance WI Under 50 Hz SOHzsystem 47 0 Hz 45 0 Hz 49 9 Hz Frequency Trip 60 Hz system 57 0 Hz 55 0 Hz 59 9 Hz GewameTme X 20sok _ 10seconds S swonk Mains Loss Reconnect Delay 300 seconds 302 seconds Sell Current Limit posal SECUN a 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 69 Specifications Definitions The following is a list of initials terms and definitions used in conjunction with this product Table 18 Terms and Definitions x x Chassis Ground Protective Earth PE Grounding Electrode Conductor and GEC Grid interactive Utility grid power is available for use and the inverter is a model capable of returning grid intertie grid tie selling electricity back to the utility grid HBX High Battery Transfer a function of the remote system display IEC International Electrotechnical Commission an international standards organization LBCO Low Battery Cut Out set point at which the inverter shuts down due to low voltage NEU AC Neutral also known as Common Neutral to ground A mechanical connection between the AC neutral Common bus and the ground PE bonding bus this bond makes the AC neutral safe to handle Off grid Utility grid power is not available for use RELAY AUX Auxiliary connection that uses switch relay contacts to control external devices RTS Remote Temperature Sensor accessory that measures battery temperature for charging System display Remote interface device such as the MATE3
106. rangement 21 kVA 230 Vac 7 kVA 7kVA 7 kVA 230 Vac 4 230 Vac 230 Vac Figure 8 Example of Parallel Stacking Arrangement Three Inverters 2 The port designations for the mismatched inverters are listed here 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 37 Three Phase Stacking Three Inverters In three phase stacking inverters are stacked to create three AC outputs in a wye configuration gt The three outputs operate independently of each other Each can run in independent Search mode if desired although this does not normally occur when three phase loads are connected Eachoutputis 120 out of phase from the others Any two outputs produce 400 Vac between them This voltage is nominal and may vary with output settings The outputs can be used to power three phase loads when all inverters work together gt Only three inverters one per phase may be installed in a three phase arrangement when using the HUB4 or HUB10 products Up to nine inverters three per phase may be stacked when using the HUB10 3 7 kVA 230 Vac 7 kVA 230 Vac 21 kVA 7 kVA 230 Vac 230 400 Vac 7 kVA 7 kVA 230 Vac 230 Vac Figure9 Example of Three Phase Stacking Three Inverters 21 kVA TS 7 kVA 230 Vac x3 230 Vac DU Sha 63 kVA 230 Vac 7 kVA 230 Vac x3 230 200 Vac OR 21 kVA 230 Vac 7 kVA 230 Vac x3 Figure 10 Example of Three Phase Stacking Nine Inverters 38 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Power Save Each
107. rter s design uses transformers and high frequency H Bridge FET modules to achieve the required high wattage output In the GS7048E the dual design allows half the inverter to shut down for lower idle consumption when not in use The Radian can deliver the rated wattage continuously at 25 C The maximum output is derated at temperatures exceeding 25 C See pages 63 and 65 for these wattages Measure the total load wattage so that it does not exceed the Radian s capacity The Radian cannot maintain its AC voltage under an excessive load It will shut down with a Low Output Voltage error E N DC and AC Voltages A The Radian inverter requires batteries to operate Other sources may not maintain DC voltages that are consistent enough for the inverter to operate reliably CAUTION Equipment Damage Do not substitute other DC sources in place of the batteries High or irregular voltages may damage the inverter It is normal to use other DC sources with the batteries and the inverter but not in place of the batteries The following items will affect the inverter s operation These are only used when the inverter is generating AC power on its own gt Low Battery Cut Out This function prevents the inverter from draining the batteries completely When the DC voltage drops below a specified level for 5 minutes the inverter will stop functioning The MATE3 will give a Low Battery V error This is one of the error messages described on page
108. s Signals disconnect of grid tied gt GIP parameters not gt GIP parameters met None Radian due to AC conditions met Source Signals that the Radian gt AC source accepted gt ACsource None Status accepted an AC source disconnected AC Divert Turns on AC dump load to High Vdc gt Low Vdc gt Low amp high Vdc prevent overcharging gt AC source accepted gt High output load gt On amp Off delay gt High temp 46 900 0145 01 01 Rev B System Display Based Functions A system display such as the OutBack MATES can provide functions not available in the inverter These functions are briefly described to provide a better idea of overall system capabilities L Ii The system display must be present for these functions to operate If a function is set up or already in operation but the system display is removed the function will not operate Advanced Generator Start AGS As noted under the Gen Alert function see Table 5 the system is capable of starting a generator Gen Alert simply starts and stops the generator based on battery voltage For more advanced control the inverter system can use the Advanced Generator Start AGS function which runs through the entire three stage charging cycle It can start according to battery voltage inverter load time of day and other criteria AGS has a quiet time application which restricts the generator from starting at inconvenient times Additional applications are also available
109. s 50 Hz but this can be changed to 60 Hz Startup It is highly recommended that all applicable steps be performed in the following order However if steps are inapplicable they can be omitted If the results of any step do not match the description see the Troubleshooting section on page 50 To start a single inverter system 1 Close the main DC circuit breakers or connect the fuses from the battery bank to the inverter Confirm that the system display is operational if present 2 Ifasystem display is present perform all programming for all functions BB These functions may include AC input modes AC output voltage input current limits battery charging generator starting and others AC input modes are described beginning on page 13 and are summarized on page 21 The inverter s individual operations are described beginning on page 22 3 Turn on the inverter using the MATE3 or external switch The Radian s default condition is Off Do not turn on any AC circuit breakers at this time 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 9 Commissioning 2 1 e i p 6 c j UT V ie T oj aN o aN ol Metal pads are located at these j locations In commissioning 8 y i E 2 N 5 LQ a AC voltages can be measured at this series of test points Figure 3 AC Test Points Using a DVM or voltmeter verify 230 Vac or appropriate voltage between the L and N OUT terminals See Figure 3 for AC t
110. s setting NOTES gt Offset operation is not available in the Generator UPS and Backup input modes Offset operation is available in the Support Grid Tied and GridZero modes gt Offset operation is available in the Mini Grid mode However it may not be used often since the Mini Grid priority is to avoid grid use gt The Grid Tie Enable menu item must be set to Y yes for Offset to work This is true even if the inverter is not used in a grid tied mode or application Table 3 Offset Interaction with AC Source Mode Excess DC 2 loads Excess DC loads N A Offset operation does not function Offsets load use but also uses DC and batteries to support the AC source based on Support mode settings Grid Tied Sells excess to AC source grid remains connected Offsets load use with whatever power is available 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 35 Operation Multiple Inverter Installations Stacking Multiple inverters in a single system can support larger loads than a single inverter can handle Installing inverters in this configuration is called stacking Stacking inverters does not refer to physically placing one on top of another It refers to how they are wired within the system and then programmed to coordinate activity Stacking allows all units to work together as one system The GS7048E and GS3548E models can stack up to ten units in parallel for increased capacity For three phase output up to nine models can be stack
111. setting This timer counts down from the inception of the Absorption stage until it reaches zero The time remaining can be viewed in the system display BA The Absorption timer does not reset to zero when AC power is disconnected or reconnected It only resets to zero if it runs out or if an external STOP BULK command is sent otherwise it retains any remaining time The Absorb Time setting is not a required minimum period for Absorption It is only a maximum limit The duration of Absorption is equal to the amount of time the Re Bulk Voltage setting exceeds the battery voltage up to the maximum Absorption limit The counter adds more time to the Absorption 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 29 Operation period whenever the battery voltage decreases below this setting See page 31 for more information on how the timer works To skip this step Setting Absorb Time to a very short duration will cause the charger to spend minimal time in Absorption once the Bulk stage is complete Setting Absorb Time to zero will cause the charger to skip both the Bulk and Absorption stages and proceed directly to Float This may not be desired if the intent is to skip Absorption but retain the Bulk stage Silent This is not a charging stage but a quiescent period between stages The inverter remains on the AC source but the charger is inactive It enters this condition upon completing a timed stage such as Absorption Float or Equalize In Silent the batteries are
112. source When the batteries are recharged to a high enough voltage the system transfers back to the batteries as the primary source hence the name High Battery Transfer NOTE The inverter s charger should be off High Battery Transfer mode is intended to use only the renewable source for charging batteries Renewable charging is the motivator for returning to battery and renewable operation Use of the inverter s charger interferes with this priority It also may not charge effectively 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 47 Operation This mode has similar priorities to the Mini Grid input mode contained within the Radian inverter Either mode may achieve similar results but they are not identical See page 18 for the advantages and disadvantages of each mode Grid Use Time The inverter system is capable of connecting to or disconnecting from the utility grid based on time of day It can also be programmed to connect at different times on weekdays and on weekends Load Grid Transfer The inverter system is capable of connecting to or disconnecting from the utility grid based on load size This avoids undesirable battery discharge from excessive loads It can also be programmed to connect to the grid when the batteries reach a low voltage due to excessive discharge 48 900 0145 01 01 Rev B Metering MATES Screens The MATE3 system display can monitor the GS inverter and other networked OutBack devices From the MATE3 Home screen the
113. support intended for intermittent use only May not function with low quality AC source Requires utility approval Other approvals may be required depending on electrical codes Has exact requirements for accepting AC input Requires renewable energy source Uses higher idle power than other modes Search function unavailable Offset unavailable Has none of the special functions described in other modes including Offset Will not work properly unless renewable source is above a certain size Conflicts with related modes in MATE3 Discharges batteries while remaining on grid Will not work properly unless renewable source is above a certain size Battery charger inoperative Source Generator Loads Non sensitive devices Source Grid or Generator Loads Can be larger than AC source Source Grid Loads Any type Source Grid Loads PC audio video etc Source Grid or Generator Loads Any type Source Grid Loads Any type Source Grid Loads Any type Performs three stage charge and goes silent as specified by settings Performs three stage charge and goes silent as specified by user settings Performs three stage charge and goes silent as specified by user settings Performs three stage charge and goes silent as specified by user settings Performs three stage charge and goes silent as specified by user settings Performs three stage charge on re
114. supported by an external regulator e Ifthe inverter shuts down due to overload the AUX output will also shut down If the inverter load exceeds 30 Aac the AUX output will turn off to prevent an overload condition e lf either the FETs or the capacitors see page 58 become too hot the AUX will turn off due to diminished inverter wattage capacity Note that even if every function in the menu is set to Off the AUX output may still be triggered by an external function such as AGS see page 47 The AUX functions are summarized in Table 5 on the next page 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 45 Operation Table 5 Aux Mode Functions Triggers Settable ESS Stt stop Points Load Operates designated loads High Vdc Low Vdc gt Low amp high Vdc Shed normally turns off loads in gt High temp gt On amp Off delay severe conditions gt Low output Vac gt High input Aac Gen Alert Starts generator to charge gt Low Vdc gt High Vdc gt Low amp high Vdc batteries gt On amp Off delay Fault Signals that the Radian shut gt Error present gt Error cleared None down due to error Vent Fan Runs fan to vent batteries gt High Vdc gt Below high Vdc gt High Vdc while charging gt Off delay Runs fan to cool Radian gt Internal sensor gt 60 C gt Internal sensor lt 49 C DC Divert Turns on DC dump load to High Vdc gt Low Vdc gt Low amp high Vdc prevent overcharging gt On amp Off delay GT Limit
115. t provides power to the installation They can provide information regarding the rules that must be followed in order to export power back to the utility The items below are the selectable options for Grid Interface Protection It may be necessary to provide these options to the utility company to make certain their standards are met The utility may simply name a standard to be followed as with AS 4777 3 for Australia It may be necessary to look up the requirements for a local standard and program them accordingly STAGE 1 Voltage basic settings Frequency Trip gt Over Voltage Clearance Time seconds gt Over Frequency Clearance Time seconds gt Over Voltage Trip AC Voltage gt Over Frequency Trip Hertz gt Under Voltage Clearance Time seconds gt Under Frequency Clearance Time seconds gt Under Voltage Trip AC Voltage gt Under Frequency Trip Hertz STAGE 2 Voltage if required by utility NOTE The Frequency Trip settings are Over Voltage Clearance Time seconds PP gt Over Voltage Trip AC Voltage Mains Loss gt Under Voltage Clearance Time seconds Gissranee me Gaconds gt Under Voltage Trip AC Voltage gt Reconnect Delay seconds See Table 17 on page 67 for the default settings and ranges Failure UPS am l In UPS mode the Radian s parameters have been optimized to reduce the response and transfer times If the utility grid becomes unstable or is interrupted the Radian can transfer to
116. ted This function does not have settable parameters gt AC Divert activates the AUX output to divert or dump excess renewable energy to an AC load usually an AC device powered by the inverter itself This prevents overcharging of the batteries This function can serve as rough charge regulation for an external charging source When battery voltage rises above a settable high voltage level the AUX output is activated after a settable delay The AUX output controls a larger relay which allows current to flow from the batteries to a dedicated AC load when energized Diversion is usually used to regulate battery charging The AC device is usually wired to the output or load panel and must be left on It must be sized to dissipate all of the energy from the renewable source if necessary Diversion will turn off following a delay when a low DC voltage setting is reached The AUX output will automatically turn on to run the loads if the inverter accepts an AC source Settable parameters include e Low and high DC voltage e On and off delay During variable conditions the AUX output is triggered no more than once per minute if voltage conditions are still met This prevents rapid nuisance cycling of the AC load in the event of rapidly changing conditions AC Divert should not be used as the sole source of battery regulation If the inverter shuts down or fails the batteries could suffer severe damage This function should be
117. tem Power is unacceptable on that phase Conflicting AC sources Priority input is interfering with secondary input 4 See inside front cover of this manual 52 MATES system display only Check Power Save levels in the Inverter Stacking menu and test with loads Determine if the inverter comes on at the appropriate levels If this setting was intentional then no action is required Check the AC voltage on the inverter s input test points See page 51 If not present the problem is external If present the inverter could be damaged Contact OutBack Technical Support MATES system display only Check the Last AC Disconnect screen using the AC INPUT hot key and the Discon selection for the reason for disconnection If the unit never originally connected check the Warning menu using the Inverter soft key from the Home screen Confirm source voltage and frequency MATES system display only The Generator input mode can accept irregular AC power Select that mode for that input MATES system display only Change the AC Input Control setting from Drop to Use with the AC INPUT hot key If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATES system display only If activated prematurely check both the MATE3 s Grid Use Time settings and the MATE3 clock settings in the System menu If this setting was intentional then no action is required MATES system display only Check the AC IMPUT hot key screen to
118. tures up to 25 C 77 F The Radian maximum wattage is rated less in higher temperatures Above 25 C the GS7048E is derated by a factor of 70 VA for every increase of 1 C The GS3548E is derated by 35 VA per 1 C Figure 18 is a graph of wattage over temperature showing the decrease in rated wattage with increased temperature The graph ends at 50 C 122 F because the Radian inverter is not rated for operation above that temperature Output Watts 8000 7000 6000 5250 4000 0 10 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 40 C 50 C 50 F 68 F 77 F 86 F 104 F 122 F Figure 18 Temperature Derating Certifications The Radian GS3548E and GS7048E are certified to the following standards EC62109 1 2010 Safety of Power Converters for use in Photovoltaic Systems 2010 IEC 62477 1 2012 Safety Requirements for Power Electronic Converter Systems and Equipment EN 61000 6 1 EMC Standard Immunity for Residential Commercial and Light Industrial Environments EN 61000 6 3 EMC Standard Emissions for Residential Commercial and Light Industrial Environments Vw V WV EN 61000 3 3 EMC Standard Limitation of Voltage Changes Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Public Low Voltage Supply Systems AS4777 2 and AS4777 3 Grid Connection of Energy Systems via Inverters AS NZS 3100 General Requirements for Electrical Equipment Compliance gt ROHS per directive 2011
119. urce connection until the inverter has synchronized with the AC source This may require a short time Unusual voltage on System neutral and ground may Test L and N OUT test points with AC voltmeter See page 51 hot or neutral output not be bonded These measurements should give full voltage Test neutral and line ground connections This measurement should read zero volts Any other result means neutral and ground are not bonded correctly If bonding is not required or prohibited by national or local codes then no action may be required Incorrect input mode Offset does not function in Generator UPS and Backup modes Inverter does not perform the Offset Specific mode only offsets Support mode will perform the Support function based on load function when under particular conditions This may appear as Offset without reaching the reference voltage expected Grid Zero mode will perform Offset based on the DoD Volts setting Other reference voltages are not used AC source voltage is driven high When the inverter senses a rise in grid voltage while selling it when the inverter sells large reduces the sell current to avoid forcing the voltage to amounts of power unacceptable levels Check AC input voltage while selling The inverter may be operating correctly Reduced power sold to the utility grid High temperature The inverter will reduce the current rate for selling and other activities if the internal temp
120. urce that has limited output Inverter sells excess power renewable to utility In grid failure unit switches to batteries with fastest possible response time In grid failure unit switches batteries to support loads this is the default mode Stays off grid most of the time only uses grid when batteries low On grid but actual grid use is zeroed out with battery and renewable power does not sell or charge gt gt Can use AC that may be unusable in other modes Can charge even with a poor generator or low quality AC source Can use battery power in conjunction with AC source Offset operation sends excess DC to loads Bidirectional input Can reduce utility bills and still provide backup Offset operation sends excess DC to loads Any additional Offset excess is sold to the grid Quick backup for sensitive devices during grid outage Simple use compared to other modes often used with generators for this reason Less idle power than UPS Does not drain battery as in Support Can minimize eliminate dependence on grid Offset operation sends excess DC to loads but only when on grid Can minimize eliminate dependence on grid Offset operation sends excess DC to loads at adjustable rate Remains on grid to avoid transfer problems Will pass irregular or low quality power to the output could damage sensitive loads Offset unavailable Drains batteries during
121. used for monitoring programming and communicating with the inverter also called remote system display Three phase 3 phase A type of utility electrical system with three hot lines each 120 out of phase each carries the nominal line voltage with respect to neutral each carries voltage with respect to each other equaling the line voltage multiplied by 1 732 Utility grid The electrical service and infrastructure supported by the electrical or utility company H M also called mains utility service or grid 70 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 7 AE UD 43 A Absorption Stage sss 29 aM rio dem T 24 AC Source Acceptance eere ente nnnes 25 AC Test POINTS oui net met ni IRE eer 10 51 Adding New Devices sss sese 11 AGIS usas cuin hU MEE 47 STs Te acre inttuenis E 5 1 C 43 70 AUX Functions Cool Fan sss sss 44 Diversion Control eene 44 45 gb DM CXKK S 44 GENAI od detienen RUNI s 44 47 CNN cM cE 45 Loads Tie Cas esed at ETA 43 SOUE SCIL Seconde HEN ea 45 Summary Table eese 46 VE FAN MENTEM 44 BCI itane HUP nM MS 18 Battery Charamayo nnii 27 ejr e nes Te 27 GIADING savateteodisdadedtqtisiddui t n UTR DIRE 28 32 T E A E O E A 28 Battery Charging Graph sss sees 32 C Caution K rl se ete eH toS
122. ut circuits Use a DVM to verify correct voltage at the AC load panel Connect a small AC load and test for proper functionality Close the AC input circuit breakers and connect an AC source gt Using a DVM on the correct input check the L and N input terminals for 230 Vac or appropriate voltage from the AC source gt Ifa system display is present confirm that the inverter accepts the AC source as appropriate for its programming Some modes or functions may restrict connection with the source If one of these modes has been selected for the system it may not connect Check the system display indicators for correct performance NOTE If any Phase B or Phase C inverters are wired to the wrong AC source phases the inverters will not connect to the AC source and will display a Phase Loss warning See page 58 10 If the charger is activated the inverter will perform a battery charging cycle after powering up This can take several hours If restarted after a temporary shutdown the inverter may skip most or all of the charging cycle Confirm that it is charging as appropriate by using the system display 11 Test other functions which have been enabled such as generator start selling or search mode 12 Compare the DVM s readings with the system display meter readings If necessary the system display s readings can be calibrated to match the DVM more accurately Calibrated settings include AC input voltage for the Grid
123. ver while accomplishing this process it will not deliver all the current that the battery requires As a result the battery will tend to be undercharged Conversely when a battery is warmer than room temperature its internal resistance goes down and the voltage changes more slowly This makes it harder for the charger to reach its voltage set points It will continue to deliver energy as time passes until the charging set points are reached However this tends to be far more than the battery requires meaning it will tend to be overcharged The Radian inverter when equipped with the Remote Temperature Sensor RTS will compensate for changes in temperature The RTS is attached to a single battery near the center of the bank to achieve a representative temperature The Radian inverter has a designated port for installing the RTS L Ti 900 0145 01 01 Rev B 33 Operation If installed in a multiple inverter system only a single RTS is necessary It must be plugged into the master inverter and will automatically control the charging of all slaves and all charge controllers When charging an inverter system with an RTS will increase or decrease the charge voltage by 5 mV per degree Celsius per battery cell This setting affects the Absorption Float and Equalization set points The Sell Voltage and Re Float Voltage set points are not temperature compensated The Equalization set points are not compensated in OutBack charge controllers gt
124. ward a different application The 12V AUX and RELAY AUX outputs are defaulted to different selections These functions are summarized in Table 5 on page 46 Load Shed can perform load management It is intended to turn off designated loads during low battery periods to conserve remaining battery power When battery voltage rises above a settable high voltage level the AUX output is activated after a settable delay The AUX output is used to energize a larger external relay normally open which is connected to non vital loads The AUX output will be deactivated once the battery voltage falls below a low voltage setting for a settable delay period A Load Shed will also turn off when the inverter enters a high temperature condition or when the AC output voltage drops below a specific AC voltage for more than 3 seconds This voltage limit is 30 volts below the setting of the inverter s output voltage For the Radian s default output voltage of 230 Vac the limit is 200 Vac See page 69 The limit is not otherwise settable A Load Shed will also turn off if the input current exceeds the Input AC Limit setting while the inverter is using an AC source Settable parameters include e Lowand high DC voltage e Onand off delay gt Gen Alert is used as a controller for an AC generator with a remote start feature although it has limited functionality The generator recharges batteries using the inverter s battery charger A Either set o

GS7048E & GS3548E Operator`s Manual

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GS7048E &amp; GS3548E Operator`s Manual

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GS7048E & GS3548E Operator`s Manual