On-line Simulations - Advanced Web-enabled services
Contents
1. 1 600000 Load 1 coupling 1 out 0 1 kgm oupling 1 5000 kNm r oupling 1 in 0 1 kgm Porque Sensor 1 otor shaft 2000 kNmit Speed Sensor 1 otor 20 kgm Asta 1 E Gy Mnewne GJDDA ne EProjektm Muserman Ejona inst famaras Blorive oy Beat driv SEGUR 11 13 Figure 1 Data sheet for drive line and process performance analysis for rolling mill drives Figure 1 describes the data needed for analysis of driveline and process performance analysis for rolling mill drives Added to this a form should be filled in with all relevant data Some data is optional e g backlash sizes but gives important input for a thorough analysis Page 5 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg With the right input data the properties of the driveline can be optimized before final dimensioning and design Also the benefits of the special rolling mill control functions can be presented to the customer Simulations and frequency responses of the driveline can also easily be given 1 2 Purpose The main goal of this thesis is to create on line data communication for simulations using Matlab Web Server MWS between ABB and their customers Engineers and sellers at ABB can also take advantage of this application An important part is also the usability of the customer interface to minimize error and effort for the client DDA is written in Matlab DDA can be com2. and study MWS demo examples Make a test program that calls the MWS does a simulation and send the result back again Implementation in the DDA Application Usability Test ARR 3 1 Model Method Due to the structure of the problem including the structure of the MWS and the rather informal requirements the prototyping model figure 5 was chosen as a process model for this project It can itself be the basis for an effective process model since the prototyping model allows all or part of a system to be constructed quickly to understand or clarify issues It has the same objective as an engineering prototype where requirements or design require repeated investigation to ensure that the developer user and customer have a common understanding both of what is needed and what is proposed In this thesis the prototyping model was used to demonstrate feasibility of an approach and design as well as it was a way of getting the right functionality step by step LIST OF LIST OF LIST OF REVISION REVISION REVISION Revise prototype customer review PROTOTYPE PROTOTYPE PROTOTYPE TEST REQUIREMENTS DESIGN SYTEM SYSTEM DELIVERED REQUIREMENTS SYSTEM Sometimes informal or incomplete Figure 5 The prototyping model Page 13 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 4 Solution After installing configuring and learning how MWS works a test program was made The starting point was to use MWS
3. machines An example of how to use this tool is building a model for a rolling mill drive The model contains information about the mechanical and electric features of the engine together with stiffness and moment of inertia in shafts couplings gearboxes and in the roll The model is used for studying wear and tear during drive It is also utilised to decide regulator parameters for speed control of the equipment Edit drive train 3 lej x Fie Edit View Insert Tools Window Help Actions Bode plot from motor torque to speeds D TT Heavy Duty Drive train ABB Es with Gear and Couplings 20 2 E ae hs Frequency Response from Motor oa mS Not ee ER O Ad A can am Frequency Response from Load Mode analysis 601 oad Shaft 600 kNm rar 80 100 oupling 2 out 0 25 kgr 120 F oupling 2 4000 kNm r 140 id as 2 z ling 2 in 0 2 k 10 10 10 10 oupling 2 in gm Resonance 17 6 61 7 297 Hz Damoina 276 GAR ARA eae ear out shaft 2000 kN InettiaName Inertia InertiaDamping ShaftName ShaftStiffness Shawareea ShaftBacklash 1 0 001 Motor shaft 1 2e 006 0 0005 D Coupling 1 in 0 Coupling 1 0 5e 006 1 ear out 4 kgm Coupling 1 out 0 Gear in shaft 0 3e 006 0 Gear in 1 Gear 1 1e 007 0 7 ear 10000 kNm rad Gear out 0 Gear out shaft 0 2e 006 0 Coupling 2 in 0 Coupling 2 0 4e 006 0 25 ear in 8 kgm Coupling 2 out 0 Load Shaft
4. the best solution for calling MWS and post the parameters from the input document according to this the local server was changed to Apache Since Apache and PHP are freeware products the possibility to get support has been quite difficult With the PHP installation some more problems occurred PHP can be installed in to ways as CGI or as a module To make virtual work PHP should be installed as a module and the php ini file should be configured in the right way One of the other problems has been the difficulty to debug The error messages gives inexact information about where and what the errors are and debugging the m files which runs under MWS have not worked at all Requirements have been changed and new ones have appeared during the work That is one of the advantages with using the prototyping model One desire that appeared was the ability to identify the owner of the result simulation files If the customer has any problem with the result file ABB can easily find corresponding result file in the MWS directory and be able to look into the problem Having an extra parameter holding an identification of the customer in the mat file sent for simulation solved this The result file gets its name from this parameter In this way it is also possible for ABB to see which customer are using the MWS application The dream vision was that the file transmission between ABB and the client should pass without the client noticing anythi
5. user s web browser e matweb m Main entry point for MWS Calls the m file that is given in matweb exe and run the Matlab Application e Input HTML form data functions Matlab utility functions that retrieve data from input HTML documents and then provide that data in a form convenient to Matlab programmers e Output HTML document functions Matlab functions for inserting Matlab data into template HTML forms for return transmission to the end user s web browser Page 8 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Client Client Initial HTML Generated Form or URL HTML O le Initial HTML Form or URL HTML E Form 7 Pa ON fom A i http daemon te pared j A No AY or POES ISS ES AS IS Meiles Data Figure 4 Matlab on the web is showing how Matlab operates over the web Three configuration files are used in conjunction with the MWS programs matweb conf A configuration file that matweb exe needs for connecting to MWS Applications must be listed in matweb conf matlabserver conf MWS can be configured to listen on any legal TCP IP port by editing the matlabserver conf file on Windows NT The number of simultaneous Matlabs is specified here hosts conf Page 9 of 25 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg An optional file providing additional se
6. On line Simulations Advanced Web enabled services Inger Bolin Maria Borg ABB Process Industries PI FVT 721 59 V ster s Sweden ibn98008 student mdh se mbg98007 student mdh se AA MD ED PADID Department of Computer Engineering M lardalen University V ster s Mars 2002 Supervisor and Examiner at university Johan St rner Supervisor at ABB Process Industries Mats Tallfors a 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Summary ABB Process Industries has developed a simulation tool called Drive Dynamics Analyzer DDA to be able to analyse dynamics features in rotating machines DDA is written in Matlab and can be compiled and run as an ordinary application principally but a few simulations are only working when DDA runs directly under Matlab The main goal of this thesis is to set up an on line communication between a future client customer which is going to have a compiled DDA application and ABB which does the advanced simulations under Matlab For this purpose Matlab Web Server MWS is acquired The MWS makes it possible to deploy Matlab based applications over a network using standard web technology The thesis also includes installation configuration and learning the new technology involved for developing with the MWS The result is a MWS application implemented in the client DDA enabling advanced services over the web without having Matlab installed A file is transmi
7. SKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 2 1 Matlab Web Server MWS The MWS enables the creation of Matlab applications that use the capabilities of the WWW to send data to Matlab for computation and to display the results in a web browser The MWS depends upon TCP IP networking for transmission of data between the client system and Matlab The required networking software and hardware must be installed on a system prior to use the MWS The configuration can be done in different ways see figure 2 and 3 User Web Browser MATLAB matlabserver httpd User Web Browser Figure 2 In the simplest configuration a web browser runs on a client workstation while Matlab the MWS and the web server daemon HTTPD run on another machine User Web Browser httpd MATLAB matlabserver Figure 3 In a more complex network the web server daemon can run on a different machine 2 1 1 Building MWS Applications MWS applications are a combination of m files HTML and graphics whenever needed The application development process requires a small number of steps e Create the HTML documents for collection of the input data from users and display of output e List the application name and associated configuration data in the configuration file matweb conf Page 7 of 25 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg e Write a Matlab m file that Receive
8. and that the MWS application should be implemented in the existing DDA application in a suitable way The predestined way to store the DDA parameters is in mat files According to this the solution to transmit data in files to and from MWS was a natural choice On the other hand how the file transmission should be done was an open question The wish was that the transmission should be as automatically as possible in both directions From this test program the final result has been developed using the prototyping model step by step getting the right design and functionality 4 1 Installing configuring and studying MWS Last summer a trainee Lisa Gelin did a pilot study in the MWS The first task was to take a look at her work some instructions and a project map with files As local server to the MWS she had downloaded OmniHTTPD She gave us some tips but in the end it turned out to be easier following MWS installation guide in order to get the MWS demo files to run Finally after a couple of reinstallations the MWS could run the demos properly Next step was to study the MWS demo applications and Matlab in order to learn more about the programming Having contact with Matlab support resulted in advice and more material how to do the programming part 4 2 Making a test program This part is divided into three parts upload a file to the HTML page establishing communication with MWS and finally get the result file back to the client 4 2 1 Fil
9. communication is this line of HTML code in the input HTML document lt form action cgi bin matweb exe method POST gt matweb exe is a program that resides on the HTTP server and communicates with the MWS It requires information found in matweb conf to locate the MWS which could be running on a different machine matweb exe is a client of MWS that uses CGI to get data from HTML forms It transfers the information to MWS which invokes matweb m which in turn runs the m file mtest m from this line of HTML code lt input type hidden name mImfile value mtest gt This line sets argument mlmfile to the value mtest The mlmfile argument contains the name of the Matlab m file to run MWS uses the value of the mlmfile obtained from the matweb m to run the Matlab application However when a file is going to be uploaded to MWS the form tag must be lt form enctype multipart form data method POST gt This in turn makes it necessary to call matweb exe in another way than standard procedure For example using the PHP function virtual which also passes the string amp filename to MWS with this line of PHP script virtual cgi bin matweb exe mImfile mtest amp filename strFilename There were some problems with getting virtual to run It turned out to be an Apache specific function meaning that a change of the original local server for MWS was necessary After installation and configuration of the A
10. curity If hosts conf is present only listed machines can connect to the MWS Machines are listed by name in a single column Machines must be listed by name not by IP number The operating system resolves the name into a valid IP address 2 1 4 Important MWS functions htmirep instruct infile replaces all Matlab variables in infile an HTML document with corresponding values of variables of the same name in instruct Variables can be character strings matrices or cell arrays containing strings and scalars String and scalar variables are replaced by straight substitution Output is returned in outstring outstring htmlrep instruct infile instruct is a Matlab structure containing variable names field names and corresponding values infile is a HTML file with Matlab variable names enclosed in dollar signs e g variable_name matweb instruct is an m file that in turn calls a Matlab application m file stored in the mimfile field of Matlab structure instruct It also passes instruct to the application The matweb m function is invoked by MWS instruct contains the fields e All the data from the HTML input document e mimfile which stores the name of the m file to call e mildir the working directory specified in matweb conf e mlid the unique identifier for creating filenames and maintaining contexts 2 1 4 1 File Locations Any m file used in conjunction with a web application including matweb m must appear on the Matlab pa
11. e in order to avoid the client to choose wrong file doing the file upload to the MWS Webfun calls the Matlab function web which starts up MWS local web server Apache and shows the input document The three parameters of function web are the http address to the local server a string holding the predestinated name of the mat file and the file path to the directory where the mat file is destinated indexphp php is the input HTML document for data submission to the MWS The client must browse the given filename from the given path name and push the button labeled Send file This will start a php script which checks 1f the uploaded file is the right one The file gets an unique identification through an php function called unigid If the file does not already exists the function move_uploaded_file tries to move the file to the MWS directory If that succeeds the function virtual will call matweb exe which transfer the information to MWS which in turn runs the m file specified mtest m h outfile is the m file specified in the HTML input document that receives the data for simulation from indexphp php The working directory is set by the variable h mldir which is automatically provided to all MWS applications The data from the instruct h is saved in a local variable and loaded into the Matlab working space mtest m analyses the data and generates the requested output data through calls to the functions simprocess and datahisto
12. e transmission once there was no need for further instructions Generally he found the web site simple and easy to use After the first test person had finished some changes were made to the input document changing the color in the browse table and from bold to normal in an instruction line Per Lennart Eriksson engineer at ABB PI FVT Per Lennart thought that the new colors of the DDA application gave a calmer impression and was less tiring to look at At the first look at the new part of the DDA application the input document he was a bit unsure what to do His opinion was that the web site should be as plain as possible but the text lines could be a little bit more instructive The input document was changed again after the last test person the text lines were changed to a more instructive content Page 19 of 25 O 2005 11 02 SimulategAndPlot Load customerfile M LARDALENS B GSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 5 Result A schematic overview of the result is shown in figure 5 followed by descriptions of the functions Client DDA Matlab Web Server Matlab inputphp php mtest m simprocess m Browse file Webfun p1 p2 p3 simprocess p1 p2 p3 Calculated resultfile Webfun wp 1 p2 p3 Web filename browse output html Download resultfile Plotted curve Client View Figure 8 Flo
13. e uploading to a HTML page One solution doing a file upload is to use PHP script Installation and configuration of PHP is necessary Through the following lines of HTML code a file can be uploaded lt form enctype multipart form data method POST gt lt input type file name filename gt lt input type submit name submit value send file gt Configuring a form for file uploads requires setting two attributes in the lt form gt tags in addition to use lt input type file gt POST and multipart form data as in the example above When the data is sent the original name of the file is sent to the web server enctype determines how the form data is encoded Whenever data is transmitted from one place to another there need to be an agreed upon means of representing that data A PHP script is then able to move the uploaded file from the web page to a path on the MWS give the file a unique ID and finally parse the file to MWS File uploads allows sending an entire file from a client computer to the web server as part of the form input Page 14 of 25 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS B GSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Another conceivable solution for file upload is for example to use FTP in combination with Visual Basic This demands additionally investigations due to the internal data security policy at ABB 4 2 2 Establish communication with MWS The standard procedure for establishing
14. ecasausieds 5 1 1 BACKGROUND add tin snel Nanne 5 1 2 PURPOSE uni A WM se ae 6 1 3 DEFINITIONS 200058 095000 i e e ced doesn E A ieeed Nook Sebdecad da 6 2 RELEVANT TECHNOLOGIES s sssss osssssosss sssosessossssosss sssossessesenssssosssosssesessosessosssesesessessonesess ssns sssepessssonsens 6 2 1 MATLAB WEB SERVERIMIWS Viseras 7 ALA Building MWS Applications A a 7 21 2 Product Requirements ciate nied deviate ae as al date ese ede cases 8 21 3 MWS COMPONEN IS ata A A is 8 2 1 4 Important MWS function ssvssisssussnssasvsssipsnsssessnssesssvnsksn ss sese sens sedd rs sne nad s nde crac REES 10 ZAD Understanding MWS ia iccicccacceiesccsinsecoss testedatnceveisvtetecdaineece aeth cecdadndsecassthes clecusugeledectelateters 10 2 2 APACHE SERVER iii cdi die ita aaa 11 2 3 PHPSSORIP Totes adria leds vdd 11 2 4 Clinic ii a S S or ANS E E is 12 2 5 O A E tp err eet rer rere treet rr parce tr rrr etter error terete ere 12 3 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS osssssoscsooococos0o0sc0c0occcsocscsssoversrrsrsrssrsrsrerrsrsrerrsrsrrsrsrsrerrsrsrnrrsnr 12 3 1 MODEL METHOD iisivsc0d dssevstesviescescstavesevsviaes deleite detal abia 13 E A RN 14 4 1 INSTALLING CONFIGURING AND STUDYING MWS ccccscececcececceceececcececsececcecevaceecaceavaceevaceee 14 4 2 MAKING A TEST PROGRAM asatar ini eine 14 4 2 1 File uploading to a HTML page esccesccesscesseseseeeseceseceneeeseecsseensecnaeeeaeeneesseessnessaeseaeeeaeees 14 4 2 2 Establish communicatio
15. esis Apache is used to regulate the communication between Matlab and the web browser therefore must run as a service due to MWS design In this way it will automatically start when the machine boots and keep it running when logging off After installing Apache the configuration files should be edited in a suitable way in the conf directory There are lots of options which should be set before starting to use Apache Because Apache for Windows is multithreaded it does not use a separate process for each request as Apache does with Unix Instead there are usually only two Apache processes running a parent process and a child which handles the requests Within the child a separate thread handles each request So process management directives are different The directives that accept filenames as arguments now must use Windows filenames instead of Unix ones However because Apache uses Unix style names internally forward slashes must be used not backslashes Drive letters can be used if omitted the drive with the Apache executable will be assumed Apache for Windows has the ability to load modules at runtime without recompiling the server If Apache is compiled normally it will install a number of optional modules in the modules directory To activate these or other modules the new LoadModule directive must be used 4 2 3 PHP script PHP is an open source server side scripting language that is especially suited for web developmen
16. ineers Brooks Cole Pacific Grove 2 2000 Using Matlab Version 6 The Language of Technical Computing The MathWorks Inc Natick 3 2000 Matlab Web Server Version 1 2 The Language of Technical Computing The MathWorks Inc Natick 4 The Apache Software Foundation http www apache org 5 The PHP Group http www php net 6 Comsol http www comsol se Page 24 of 25 Ba 2005 11 02 Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 9 Appendix Code and Configuration files MWS Installation and Configuration guide User manual Page 25 of 25
17. n with MWS 1 csccccscccesseceecseeesseceeeeeesceceeneeeeeeceseeeeeaeessnaeeseeeeeaes 15 4 2 3 Geta result file back to the Client ooonoonnnnininonicinnccnnonncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn corn nn naar aran K RK rr rr nn enn nn 15 4 3 IMPLEMENTATION IN THE DDA APPLICATION oocccccccnnnnnnonnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnonnnnononnnnnononnnccnonnnnnnnnanoss 16 4 4 US AB IE TT Y sa dr E ERE 16 4 4 1 Input and Output HTML documents sossererrerrrrrerrerrrsrerresresrrsrrsrrerrrrrerrerre reser rer sens nana ere n rn rna 16 44 2 DDA application EN Wee aioli heed abv ieee tii 17 4 5 TEST nin thei nei aches eles cha ne hee lit 18 4 3 1 Usability EV GI Qtion siii base ess skr ke rd dera sde tase ei iaae e Ea EAEE EE SEERA 18 AAA PPP O 20 5 1 RESUET ANALYSIS tt odia 21 6 RECOMMENDATION FUTURE WORK cscsssssssscccscsssssssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssssscssssssscssssssesssssseses 22 T CONCLUSIONS wiisecsssscscesccstscctescsscraesosdacecscasestesacecsseasssassecssessecssadesestadastensbicasessedessaaseasasastatestussssceseseadersensts 23 INN NOAA 24 0 APPENDIX AS O 24 Page 4 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 1 Introduction This chapter gives a short introduction to the background and purpose with this thesis and also the abbreviations used in this report 1 1 Background ABB Process Industries has developed a simulation tool called Drive Dynamics Analyzer DDA to be able to analyse dynamics features in rotating
18. ng meaning that the input and output HTML documents are not needed more than as an informative purpose e g Please wait for simulations to be done The dream vision was not reached Our solution is in the scope of standard procedure for how to make an application using the MWS 6 Recommendation Future work The focus has been on making a MWS application work well together with the existing DDA application The most important issue has been to get it all work consequently there are improvements to make It would have been desirable if the mat file which is going to be uploaded to the MWS in some way can be uploaded automatically or be shown as default in the browser field Another improvement would be if the result file could automatically be downloaded back to the customer s computer How the customer file identification is going to be set is not yet decided At the present it is hard coded and sent in a file as a parameter The solution of where the customer retrieves and downloads the file can be further developed Now the input document gives the information about which directory to choose Page 22 of 25 a 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg In the present situation it is impossible to do a sharp test run a compiled version of the DDA application though it is still under development It will be ready any day According to this the MWS application needs to run under Matlab and in ABBs i
19. nternal network 7 Conclusions Our task was to enable an on line connection between ABB and in first hand their customers through the MWS in order for the customers and engineers sellers at ABB who are out on jobs to do advanced calculations and simulations without having Matlab installed on their computers This should be done with as little alteration as possible in the existing DDA The requirement was that this connection should be made easy for the customer The user interface should contain as few mouse clicks as possible to ensure high usability and as little effort as possible for the customer The task also covered to install MWS configure it in a suitable way for the task and adjust the parts affected of the file transmission The task has been solved using prototyping since it was a suitable way of learning and understand the MWS due to the fact that the structure of MWS is making it easy to build a test program It also allows developer user and customer to have a common understanding both of what is needed and what is proposed To summarize our thesis we consider that we have reached our goals to enable advanced web services with a MWS application for a client server communication Finally we hope that our work will be useful for ABB now and in the future Page 23 of 25 lt 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS B GSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg 8 References 1 Chapman Stephen J 2000 MATLAB Programming for Eng
20. of having a closer look into graphics the way it is possible under Matlab The best solution for the client would be getting the result file back to his computer and using the client DDA application for showing the result One idea of how to get the result file back to the client s computer as well as to the server was to use Java Sockets but the idea failed because it was not possible to use the Matlab Compiler on files consisting of Java Another suggestion was to use GNU Wget which is a free software package for retrieving files from the World Wide Web using HTTP and FTP the two most widely used Internet protocols Using Wget would imply installations at the client side and was therefore abandoned A simple solution is to have a link for download consisting of the result file in the user s web browser This way seemed to be the right way to go 4 3 Implementation in the DDA Application To make the test program work from the DDA application on the client side a new function was needed This function named Webfun was made to be a link between the DDA application and the test program MWS Some changes were also required in other functions in the DDA The main one Simulateandplot calls Webfun if any parameter are changed if calculations are needed by the MWS On the server side ABB some changes made by Mattias Olsson was required to simprocess and functions called by simprocess the main function for simulations A
21. on J AIT Ghanezen 1 Load Parameter Group from File oad Parameter Group from Simulation Dat D Speed Load Torque Import Signals Import Signals with Outputs Converter Torque J SIC TShanePoleFr 1 AICTChanePalan 1 J alrsShane ctive 1 1 AICEShansZaeroFr 1 Edit DriveT rain gt o Browse Simulations J airSShaneZeroN 1 Tune Controller Drive train modes AIPSShanePoleFr 1 Choose Process Signals Drive train in SICSShanePaleN 1 DRAA J AIrSShane2dctiv 1 I nnical Generate Report etan I AIPGGhana Zarm 1 1821 rocess in Close Figures AICS Shane Zern 1 H21 atts Process out TAIrSChane Palok A THz Close and Exit Browse Frequencyresponses lrsskane Pale 1 H21 Asta 4 E gt gt it Maria Borg In JAMATLAS Acsppaistand PJorive Dynami Muserman mier ROSEE 15 40 Figure 7 DDA application start view 4 5 Test Function test is already performed using prototyping as process model Instead focus was on doing a usability evaluation since the number of mouse clicks has been a big question during the development of the system 4 5 1 Usability Evaluation Evaluation of a hifi prototype or an implementation can be performed as a scientific experiment an observation and interview or with a questionnaire Observation performed as a cooperative evaluation was chosen for this MWS application In a cooperative evaluation the user thinks aloud and informs the evaluator about what his intentions are He al
22. pache server virtual still did not work information was found on the official homepage that virtual did not run under Windows Since PHP is an open source code there are some difficulties to get support Some other functions were tested to substitute virtual but none of them worked Finally after a lot of effort the conclusion was that PHP was installed as a CGI script instead of as a module After reinstallation of PHP as a module virtual was finally working Another solution was to use a link to start MWS since this solution resulted in an extra mouse click the usability decreased and was therefore abandoned 4 2 3 Geta result file back to the client The main issue in this part was how to get the result file back to the client s computer The standard procedure for output from the MWS is showing the result statically in the web browser The mtest m function uses the htmlrep command to places the computed values into the output HTML document toutput html using the code Page 15 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg str htmlrep s toutput html Here s is a Matlab structure containing the results of the mtest computation htmlrep extracts data from s and replaces variable fields in toutput html with the results of Matlab computation The completed toutput html form is transmitted to the user s browser Presenting the graphics in the browser with this method there is no way
23. piled and run as an ordinary application principally but a few simulations are only working when DDA runs directly under Matlab At the moment the customer has to write down all parameters needed for these simulations in paper form ABB receives this information and inserts the parameters in the DDA application The generated result report is returned to the customer by mail With this procedure one runs the risk of getting wrong parameters and it is also very time consuming Therefore ABB wants to computerize the communication with their customers The idea is that the customer is going to have a compiled version of the DDA application and through on line data communication with ABB being able to do advanced web enabled services The development environment MWS chosen for this project is new to ABB SEPID meaning that a part of this thesis is to handle the installation and configuration of MWS 1 3 Definitions CGI Common Gateway Interface DDA Drive Dynamics Analyzer HTML Hypertext Markup Language HTTPD Hypertext Transfer Protocol Daemon MWS Matlab Web Server PHP Hypertext Preprocessor TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol WWW World Wide Web Components are written with the font Verdana to make it clearer 2 Relevant technologies In order to assimilate this report a brief description of important technologies is given Page 6 of 25 lt 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS B G
24. ry The output data is then saved into a result file named by the fourth parameter in the input data Finally the output data is placed into a Matlab structure and a call is made to the Matlab function htmlrep s path to place the output data into an HTML output document e g output html output html is the MWS output HTML document providing the output data to the customer Output data is a result file mat file ready to be plotted in the DDA application In output html the result file is given in a link to the client ready to be downloaded When the result file is downloaded to the client s computer the plotting is shown directly in the DDA application 5 1 Result Analysis To start with there was some problems with the installation and configuration of the MWS partly due to our lack of Matlab experience The test program which was started up should handle file transmission A suggestion to a solution was to use Java sockets This solution was abandoned due to Matlab Compilers Page 21 of 25 a 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg inability to read files containing Java Instead of Java sockets PHP script seemed to be a better choice This worked out well but another problem that pursued us throughout the implementation occurred the function virtual The local server used in the beginning OmniHTTPD could not run virtual and it turned out to be an Apache server specific function virtual was
25. s the data entered in the HTML input form Analysis the data and generates any requested graphics Places the output data into a Matlab structure Calls htmirep to place the output data into an HTML output document template 2 1 2 Product Requirements The MWS requires Matlab release 11 or later and that TCP IP networking software are installed on the computer 2 1 2 1 Web Requirements To submit input to and receive output from the MWS a web browser suitable for the platform must be installed Both Netscape Communicator Release 4 7 and Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or later have been tested Web server software HTTPD or similar is needed on the system where Matlab is running or in a machine that has network access to the machine where Matlab is running The web server software must be capable of running CGI programs 2 1 3 MWS Components The MWS consists of a set of programs that enable Matlab programmers to create Matlab applications and access them on the web see figure 4 e MWS manages the communication between the web application and Matlab a multithreaded TCP IP server service on Windows NT running Matlab continuously invokes matweb m which in turn runs the m file specified in the input HTML document e matweb exe A TCP IP client of MWS Using CGI this program translates HTML form data into a Matlab object passes it to MWS receives HTML results from MWS and transmits these results back to the end
26. so continuously gives information about what he sees on the screen and his apprehension of the application It is possible for both the user and the evaluator to ask questions This makes the user feel comfortable and is encouraged to criticize the application The data from the observation is entered into a protocol The protocol can be performed in different ways Recording filming paper and pencil or the user doing his own notes For this protocol paper and pencil was used Test persons for this usability evaluation were chosen for their knowledge of the DDA and are also future possible users of the application Both were already familiar with the DDA Page 18 of 25 a 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg application They did not get any instructions or manual to read before the test because the intention was to see how self instructed the web site was Anders Hansson engineer at ABB PI FVA Anders was already familiar with the DDA application He noticed the changes of the colors immediately and found them better and more peaceful for the eyes He had some thoughts about the table of parameters but that part was not included in the application In the input document at the local web server he was at first a bit confused what to do The instructions how to browse the file was not easy to see and the line which caught his attention was not the one which he was supposed to seen first After doing the fil
27. sult in an error message 44 Drive Dynamics Analyzer Calculation Microsoft Internet Explorer provided by ABB laj xj File Edt View Favorites Tools Help Ea de Back Al A search Favorites lt 4History Ey 3 X B Go Links gt Address e http c4000129findexphp php filename ABBfile matefilepath C ftemp ABBFile mat Browse to upload this file C temp ABBfile mat Browse Click button to send file Send file Please then wait for result file to download AA AA H E Done E Local intranet start de m a Wi Maria Borg In fi MATLAB JA C matlabR124 M Projektmall3 Hlorive Dynamic Drive Dynam SBER 10 07 Figure 6 The input and output HTML document view 4 4 2 DDA application The DDA application is not yet compiled to be a stand alone application meaning customers all over the world have not been in contact with the application Outside the specification of this project a proposal is made for increasing the usability of the DDA application Colors on buttons table headings and figures have been changed to better match the ABB overall color policy and to give a calmer and more solid impression see figure 7 Page 17 of 25 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Drive Dynamics Analyzer untitled rmd 8 x File Edit View Insert Tools Window Help DDA options RMD Control Function Parameter Val
28. t and can be embedded into HTML code The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end tags that allows jumping into and out of PHP mode What distinguishes PHP from something like client side JavaScript is that the code is executed on the server Server side scripting is the most traditional and main target field for PHP To make this work three things are needed the PHP parser CGI or server module a web server and a web browser The web server needs to run with a connected PHP installation With a web browser it is possible to access the PHP program output viewing the PHP page through the server PHP can be used on all major operating systems PHP also has support for most of the web servers today This includes Apache Microsoft Internet Information Server Personal Web Server Netscape and many others For the majority of the servers PHP have a module for the others supporting the CGI standard PHP can work as a CGI processor PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as HTTP and COM on Windows Page 11 of 25 a 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg PHP enabled web pages are treated just like regular HTML pages and can be created and edited the same way normally regular HTML pages are created One of the most powerful features of PHP is the way it handles HTML forms The basic concept that is important to understand is that any form element in a form will automaticall
29. t first the test program did not work running it through the MWS The debugging part took quite some effort because it was not possible to use the debugger on m files running through the MWS The only way to debug simprocess through MWS was line by line Finally the problem was found the MWS did not work if the functions used for simulations contained outputs to the command window in Matlab It is necessary that all files used for simulation are located in a hard drive on the same computer as MWS To have the files in a network demands special settings and these settings requires a high administrator level out of our authority 4 4 Usability Usability is an important part in all applications having a user interface 4 4 1 Input and Output HTML documents Forming the client side interface the input and output HTML documents high usability was needed in order to minimise error occurring and make the interface as easy to use as possible Page 16 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg For this purpose default color used in ABBs homepage was chosen for link colors and logotype color A picture from the DDA application was also inserted as a background into the input document in order for the client to get recognition see figure 6 To minimise the number of errors in the file upload from the client side the filename is written out in the browse table in the input document Choosing another file will re
30. th The matweb exe and matweb conf files must appear under a cgi bin alias Any generated graphics must be located where the web Server can find them and programs can write them 2 1 5 Understanding MWS MWS is designed to run continuously in the background as a Windows NT service or as a background process on other systems 2 1 5 1 matlabserver conf When MWS starts up it looks in the file matlabserver conf for its initial setting data On Windows NT the installation procedure creates this file in the lt Matlab gt webserver directory while installing the MWS Configuration settings must appear on the first line of the matlabserver conf file The basic options set by the data in matlabserver conf are e Port number e Threads maximum number of simultaneous Matlabs Page 10 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg The default version of matlabserver conf is simply m 1 meaning it will run one copy of Matlab with the MWS port defaulted to 8888 2 2 Apache Server Apache is an HTTP Server originally designed for Unix systems Apache version 1 3 and up is a version for Microsoft Windows 2000 NT 98 and 95 TCP IP networking must be installed but Apache cannot share the same port with another TCP IP application This includes but are not limited to other web servers and firewall products Apache can be installed either as a service for all users or to run in a consol window In this th
31. tted from the client through the MWS to Matlab for calculation and a file holding the result is sent back and the simulation is plotted in the client DDA Page 2 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Preface Acknowledgement This degree thesis was done at ABB Process Industries department FVT during the period December 2001 to Mars 2002 as a part of the education Bachelor of Science in Computer Science at M lardalen University in V ster s Sweden Inger Bolin and Maria Borg performed the work We sincerely thank our supervisors Mats Tallfors at ABB Process Industries and Johan St rner at M lardalen University For technical support we especially want to thank Mattias Olsson at ABB Process Industries for his support and help with Matlab and the DDA application Ulf Arvehed at Comsol Support for his ideas and feedback on our work We want to thank Mattias Nordin for giving us the opportunity to do this thesis and we will never forget all the nice coffee breaks with the other staff members Page 3 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg TABLE OF CONTENT SUMMARY tad A A NE A a 2 PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ssssssscsscceeessssseeeeecceceeesseeeeeeceessesssseeeeeececseessaseeeeceeeesssssaseeeeeeeeesenes 3 1 INFRODUCTION scstccsssisscoctessssssnstessocnccsaccadeteissstecsesscsacaacacaccecsscsscsesbosasaccactenssescesieseodaasdansbesassessessecesa
32. twork TCP adds support to detect errors or lost data and to trigger retransmission until the data is correctly and completely received IP is responsible for moving packet of data from node to node IP forwards each packet based on a four byte destination address the IP number The Internet authorities assign ranges of numbers to different organizations The organizations assign groups of their numbers to departments IP operates on gateway machines that move data from department to organization to region and then around the world 3 Problem Description and Analysis The main topic of this thesis is to add functionality to the DDA application in order to make it possible to run a compiled version of the application without having Matlab installed and through a web server where Matlab is installed being able to do advanced simulations For this purpose MWS is provided The task is divided into four parts The first one is to install and get the MWS work properly and to study the MWS application demo examples following with the installation Next step is to make a test program that calls MWS performs a simulation and send the result back again Page 12 of 25 2 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS H SSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg The third part is to implement the MWS application into the DDA application After that usability is in focus and finally a usability test is planned Problem hierarchy 1 Installing and getting the MWS work
33. ues J PIG aint om EE 15 Pl laws Converter and Motor data Drive Dynamics Analyzer RMD Version 1 0 MDI zn Heavy Duty Drive train with Gear and Couplings in Tin I PlintTimel nw 200 S Imsl Standard DC Drive Y JA PIGainHiak in PL hinh J I J PlintTimeHinh KNN ms BaseT orque 10000 Nr TIA AAA E pet em Base eee E i GSMndeSelector n MaxT orque Zz a GSlowSneed gt a PE i a GSkichSnee ss iral GA RIOS NR BaseSpeed 870 rpm z Base MaxSpeed 1600 rpm Maximu SampleTime ms Sample TorqueRiseTime ms Rise BSI omTarane I GSHinhT nue RalBefTorane WarSloneB ate a n n 0 a n n n n n 1 1 a n n Toe windows en WindowlntaOn f AivindomtaticthPas m TorqueOvershoot 8 qe i m Window WidthNen versh MA ATNC Active Laniral J E I p TorqueDelay 2 ms i RFF Active I nical Estra Ra irToreaStanNa J atractive Lnairal TorqueRate pu sec RR i I SF Active Lonical 1 Ramp E DTNArtive Lonical General MEGA DI Adaptive Impact Compensation J ICT araneh ain cc N no AICS need ain Cn Nena Load Parameters Process simulation J alTNotch ctwe 1 Laniral e _Speed Reference Step J altNatchZemFre 1 1H21 Direct Speed Reference Step APN 1 Save Parameters as Load Torque Step PairnarhPalefreo 1 Load Session Append Motor Torque Step J ACN atch Polana 1 adsain yane Speed D Speed Impact J AICTShanedctive 1 Speed Load Torg a 1 AICTChameZarnEr 1 Save Sessi
34. wchart diagram of file transmission Calculation of customerfile Invisible for Client Simulateandplot ParList menuchoice fileandpath is called when a client makes a choice in the simulation menu in the DDA application in order to do a simulation Depending on the settings of the parameters Webfun is called for advanced simulations over MWS Before Page 20 of 25 2005 11 02 M LARDALENS B GSKOLA Inger Bolin amp Maria Borg Webfun is called a string holding the name of the result file is initialised The string is one of the parameters to Webfun and its purpose is to name the result file coming from the MWS The advantage with this is that whilst the simulation is running over the MWS a timer is set to poll for the result file to come back When the result file is downloaded to the client s computer it is opened and plotted directly without any effort from the client Webfun ParList menuchoice menuitems resultfilename is the link between the DDA application and the MWS application It is called from the DDA function SimulateandPlot if the simulation requires calculations through MWS The three first parameters ParList menuchoice menuitems are data required by MWS for processing correct simulation and the fourth returnfilename is holding customer identification in order to give the result file a name recognized by the DDA application The parameters are saved in a mat file with a predestinated nam
35. y result in a variable with the same name as the element being created on the target page There are two ways to set up PHP to work with the Apache server on Windows One is to use the Apache module interface dll and the other is the CGI binary For many servers PHP has a direct module interface also called SAPI Many servers have support for ISAPI the Microsoft module interface If PHP has no module support for the web server in use it is possible to use it as a CGI processor The configuration file called php ini in PHP 4 0 is read when PHP starts up For the server module versions of PHP this happens only once when the web server is started For the CGI version it happens on every invocation 5 2 4 CGI CGI is a standard for interfacing external applications with information servers such as HTTPD web server daemon or web servers A plain HTML document that the Web daemon retrieves is static which means it exists in a constant state a text file that does not change A CGI program on the other hand is executed in real time so that it can output dynamic information A CGI program can be written in any language C C PERL TCL Any Unix shell Visual Basic that allows it to be executed on the system CGI scripts are easier to debug modify and maintain than a typical compiled program 2 5 TCP IP TCP is responsible for verifying the correct delivery of data from client to server Data can be lost in the intermediate ne
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