DuraTap™ Testing Sieve Shaker
Contents
1. 10 9XoA OcLvg eze 910 9XoA zOLV8 ze 20 peeH Pld 91 9 6 zzvi e eli vg eoe 8 5 gorva oe pe eez ez L daoa 60 96 El MIIS de p L PLYA ck L USM 1 pet OL pe 6 a MAINS Xabi sosvw 2 LL X p LoooisKey 9 1 S pue polya 0 X 210 006 9ceVI c L 85 uuvjeuueH conver A uonduoseg ami Ea Le Em Supmognneyg qoormeapy weud jore paysordnp porn a TOC SO CT aq jou qom Ampudoid surmguoo Sure Epp uorstaay req 2 VAS 008 1 1516 X SAINI 6 SPT quiossy aa Buo z L L 9 o1s ew 8 IMG MGT ezz ION Suny peeuxing YLOLYN 924 Su 2 coy vi S4 LOLVIN 2 ueo z wea zozvd 1 xoluL 90 XGO 01 Jeus2. DuraTap Testing Sieve Shaker Operation amp Set up Manual Models DT168 DT258 DT268 DT1612 DT2512 DT2612 Advantech Manufacturing Inc 2450 S Commerce Dr New Berlin WI 53151 USA Telephone 262 786 1600 800 511 2096 Fax 262 786 5074 E Mail mailto sales advantechmfg com Web Site www advantechmfg com A Product of the United States of America ADV TECH Introduction Thank you for selecting this high quality piece of testing equipment We appreciate your support and pledge to assist you in the service of your Advantech testing apparatus The Advantech DuraTap is a low maintenance heavy duty sieve shaker that will provide consistent reliable performance Gone are the days of needing to buy accessory packs of repair parts for expected breakdowns like other sieve shakers require The DuraTap does not use typical plastic and wear surface parts This industrial strength unit is engineered with rugged steel and alloy materials ready to withstand the everyday harsh duty cycles Grease fittings are provided to ensure longer life for your bearings Each unit is burned in guaranteeing performance right out of the box This unit is ideal for use with aggregates sands cements chemicals powder metals cosmetics pharmaceuticals and many other dry components in pellet ground granular or powder form This unit is not recommended for wet sieving operation Besides the physical nuts and
3. INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN BRITISH CANADA FRANCE GERMANY JAPAN ISO 3310 1 2000 ASTME 11 01 BS410 2000 CGSB 8 2 M88 AFNOR NFX11 501 DIN 150 3310 1 2000 JIS Opening Equiv Aperture Equiv Aperture z Aperture Approx Aperture mm inch No mm BS Mesh Apertura mm mm araisa mm DIN No mm 6301 29 6001 5601 5001 5001 5001 4251 355 300u 600p No 30 500p No 35 425p No 40 4001 3551 15 25 10 30 12 36 14 16 44 52 20 60 250 24 72 2001 30 85 1801 100 40 1401 120 1251 50 150 1001 60 170 90 70 200 80 240 110 300 120 350 400 130 440 00 355 45 300p No 50 250p No 60 2501 2121 No 70 212u 180u No 80 1501 100 N a 63u 56u H Table 3 cont d RECOMMENDED REPRESENTATIVE BULK VOLUMES OF TEST SAMPLES Used in 8 203mm Testing Sieves Standard Sieve Designation Bulk Volume of Material Recommended Volume Maximum Permitted of Material for Test Volume on Sieve on Standard Alternate Sample Completion of Sieving 25 0mm 1 00 1800 900 22 4mm 718 1600 800cme 19 0mm 3 4 1400cm 700cm 16 0mm 5 8 1000cm 500 12 5mm 1 2 800cme 400 11 2mm 7 6 800cm 400cm 9 50mm 3 8 600cm 300cm 8 00mm 5 16 500cm 250cm 6 30mm 1 4 400 200cm 5 60 No 3 1 2 400 200cm 4 00mm No 5 350cm 150cm 2 80mm No 7 240 120 2 00 No 10 200 100cm 1 40mm No 14 160cm 80cm 1 00mm No 18 140
4. 325 No 50 No 200 No 100 No 325 No 70 No 325 No 16 No 200 5 in No 400 4 in No 200 3 No 200 No 40 No 325 No 8 No 200 No 4 No 200 No 80 No 325 No 6 No 100 No 12 No 200 No 325 No 100 No 325 down to No 400 No 40 No 325 No 200 No 8 No 100 No 12 No 100 No 4 No 40 3 No 200 No 40 No 200 No 10 No 40 3A in 100 DuraTap Frequently Asked Questions For specific sieving procedures please refer to Test Sieving Principles and Procedures located in the User s Manual For added reference a DuraTap Parts Diagram is located in the front portion of the User s Manual 1 What is the oscillation displacement on the DuraTap and how many oscillations and taps per minute does the DuraTap produce The DuraTap s oscillation displacement is 1 1 8 x 34 The oscillations and taps per minute will be dictated by the model DuraTap you have Please see the chart below for approximate oscillations and taps per model Chart 1A Model Voltage Hertz OPM TPM DT158 110 50 267 150 DT168 110 60 278 154 DT258 220 50 268 154 DT268 220 60 278 152 DT1612 110 60 278 154 DT2612 220 60 278 152 DT2512 220 50 268 154 These are approximate oscillations and taps per minute 2 What sort of maintenance is required for the DuraTap The DuraTap for the most part just needs to be kept clean There are two grease fittings on the DuraTap
5. The DuraTap carries a one year limited warranty against defective material and workmanship What is an extended rim pan Do need this for my test An extended rim pan is manufactured with a skirt around the bottom so it can be received by a sieve below it This will allow the user to run multiple samples in one stack The extended rim pan can be inserted mid stack to collect fines of sample one and the bottom pan will collect fines from sample two See Figure 12A for an example Figure 12A Does Advantech have a repair facility nearby Advantech is pleased to offer telephone repair support for DuraTaps Contact a member of our Tech Support Team at 800 511 2097 Alternatively machines may be sent in to our location in New Berlin WI for extensive repair or refurbishing Contact us for information on how to prepare your machine for receipt and service by our Repair Department My questions have still not been answered For further technical support please contact our Tech Support Team at 800 511 2097 or at sales advantechmfg com We d be glad to assist Terms Stationary Block BA105 The brass rectangle block that is under the unit This is the wear point Lower Carriage Plate DA201 The large steel oscillating part under the unit that supports the uprights It has additional holes to convert the unit from 8 to 12 An allen wrench is needed for conversions Timing Belt DA219 It is a cogged belt grooves in it This
6. 20 minute tests are used as arbitrary sieving intervals To determine the best interval for a new material or to double check the accuracy of existing specifications the following procedure can be used Select the desired sieves for the analysis 1 Weigh up a sample of the material to be tested and introduce it to the complete sieve stack 2 Shake the sieve stack for a period of 5 minutes 3 Weigh the residue in the pan and calculate the percentage in relation to the starting weight 4 Reassemble the stack and shake for one additional minute 5 Repeat the weigh up procedure and calculate the percentage If the percentage of fines increased more than 1 between 5 minutes and 6 minutes reassemble the stack and shake for an additional minute The data can be plotted as percentage throughput versus time for each data point you calculate When the change in the percentage of fines passing in the 1 minute period drops below 1 the test can be considered complete Record the total testing time for subsequent analyses Another type of sieve analysis is the wet sieve test In this method the sample is weighed and then washed through the finest sieve in the stack with water a wetting agent water based or some other compatible solvent After thoroughly washing the fines from the raw sample the residue is dried either over a hot plate or in an oven The temperature of the sieve should _be maintained below 149 C 300 F to avoid l
7. 58 0 93 Kaolin 160 2 56 Shale 100 1 60 Calcite 90 pe Kyanite 68 1 09 Shot metal 230 3 69 Calcium carbide 75 1 20 Lime ground 60 0 96 Silica flour 27 0 43 Calcium carbonate 49 0 79 Lime hydrated 25 0 40 Silica gel 45 0 72 Calcium chloride 64 1 03 Limestone crushed pis Soapstone pulverized 40 0 64 Calcium phosphate 57 0 91 Limestone agricultural 70 1 12 Soda ash light 25 to 35 ee Carbon black 24 0 33 Magnesite 106 1 70 Soda ash heavy 55 to 65 ee Cellulose powder 16 0 26 Magnetite 155 2 49 Soda bicarbonate 57 0 91 90 to 1 44 to 120 to 1 92 to Cement portland 400 4 60 Manganese ore 136 248 Sodium nitrate 78 1 25 1 20 to 1 44 to Cement clinker 75 to 80 128 Marble crushed 90 to 95 152 Sodium phosphate 43 0 69 Chrome ore 140 2 25 Metals powdered Sodium sulfate 96 1 54 Clay 30 to 75 prs Aluminum 80 1 28 Steel grit 228 3 66 1 36 to Coal anthracite 55 0 88 Copper 169 2 71 Stone crushed 85 to 95 152 Coal bituminous 50 0 88 Copper lead 364 5 84 Sugar granulated 5 0 80 Coke breeze 25to 35 0 40 Iron 243 3 90 Sugar powdered 37 0 59 Coke petroleum 25to 40 pin Nickel 263 4 22 Sulphur crushed 50 to 65 pap Stainless steel 240 3 85 Talc powder 34 0 55 Coquina shell 80 1 28 Tantalum 300 4 80 Talc granular 44 0 71 Corn starch 40 0 64 Mica 42 0 67 Traprock crushed 10 1 68 to 110 1 76 Diatomaceous earth 31 0 50 Ore sintered 144 1 83 Triple superphosphate Dicalcium phosphate 64 1 03 Oyster shells groun
8. Inc THE LEADER IN SIEVING TECHNOLOGY 2450 S Commerce Drive New Berlin Wisconsin 53151 262 786 1600 800 511 2096 FAX 262 786 5074 sales advantechmfg com Foreword Through ASTM and many industry organizations standards have been established for particle size for powder granular and larger sized materials This manual has been prepared to help guide users of test sieves through the proper procedures as well as provide many additional tips that can enhance the existing procedures Our aim is to provide assistance to both the experienced and non experienced particle technologist in developing comprehensive particle size test results reduce test variations and enable the user to isolate and identify sources of error or variations in the data Advantech Test Sieves manufactured in the U S A are the most accurate test sieves available in the world today The use of Advantech Test Sieves will provide more precise and reproducible data resulting in better product control and a possible reduction of variables In preparing this manual we have drawn from sources in the ASTM publications ISO Standards and various papers written by some of the most renowned figures in the particle technology world Additionally Advantech personnel have contributed sieving technology developments after having logged numerous years of hands on experience with many experts in the field The result is a melding of standards research and opinion to pr
9. belt Accuracy in sampling is obtained where material is flowing from a chute or belt conveyor The ideal place to collect the sample is where the material drops from the chute or belt If the material stream is small enough use a pail or other suitable receptacle which can be swung completely across the flowing stream in a brief interval of time and with uniform movement The sampling receptacle should not be allowed to overflow because the overflow would tend to reject a higher proportion of the larger particles that exist in representative sample Mechanical sampling devices are available for selecting samples automatically from a stream at uniform time intervals Sampling from carload shipments of coarse bulk material For coarse materials such as crushed stone and gravel shipped in railroad cars a recommended method is to dig three or more trenches at least 30 48 cm 1 foot deep and approximately 30 48 cm 1 foot wide at the bottom Equal portions are taken at seven equally spaced points along the bottom of the trench by pushing a shovel downward into the material and not by scraping horizontally Samples from trucks barges or boats should be taken in the same manner as from railroad cars except that the number of trenches should be adjusted to the size of the transportation unit and tonnage involved Sampling from carload shipments of fine bulk materials One established method for sampling a carload of bulk g
10. bolts this device is backed by a company with decades of experience in the dedicated service of users in the powder and particulate industries We look forward to servicing you as well The Leader in Sieving Technology Specifications Model Designations and Power Requirements Model 0 168 110VAC 60Hz operation 8 203 2mm diameter sieve capacity Model 07268 220VAC 60Hz operation 8 203 2mm diameter sieve capacity Model 258 220VAC 50Hz operation 8 203 2mm diameter sieve capacity Model 071612 110VAC 60Hz operation 12 304 8mm diameter sieve capacity Model 072612 220VAC 60Hz operation 12 304 8mm diameter sieve capacity Model 072512 220VAC 50Hz operation 12 304 8mm diameter sieve capacity Timer 24 hours reported accuracy 2 seconds Dimensional Specifications Unit base 28 71 1cm L x 21 53 cm W x 25 63 5cm H General Specifications Steel weldment base Durable baked epoxy finish Unit capacity 7 full height sieves with full height pan and cover 15 half height sieves with half height pan and cover Installation amp Set up Instructions The DuraTap Testing Sieve Shaker is designed to give years of trouble free service To assure that the device delivers optimum performance several
11. by using the INCREASE or DECREASE buttons and the second being the ability to use the same value and starting the event again by pressing the START RESUME button For More nformation For recommendations on sampling procedures sample size sieve selection calibration test intervals sieve care and cleaning and related topics please see Advantech Manufacturing publication R1986AS Test Sieving Principles and Procedures Please contact your local Advantech Manufacturing representative Advantech Manufacturing or order directly from our website www advantechmfg com pet CRI EN EAC OBGENZ 19 Ea pe H Z L X Oc b L 606 99 x 1 91 6 Je9eds eueidoeN 9 uo Ja0eds eueidoeN 9 9 ic zo 20 0015 00 061 wus octy 19 1 6 8 91 6 MDS pee OLeVIN 09 090 X CI 91 6 X QO amp L LIeuseAA 69 eseerc M Z COLYN 86 pog MOQ seg oya Or Malos ded uong 19205 c L X 01 Lip 6 ewen x ejs gozva se jnux201 uesu uoAN 61 2 ze Buuo Aiquassy uoddns aais va ege Aiquassy poddns 5 va 9 9196 x901eje d uoddns aais se JIUL 60 w t 0 91 1 195244 uonein amp guo
12. is a non slip belt that keeps the timing Timing Pulley DA203 This is a large grooved metal pulley on the bottom of the unit that the belt runs on Hammer Arm BA103 The hinged arm on top of the unit It does the tapping Cam Gear DA202 The fiber gear that drives the lift rod Yolk BA102 BA120 The C shaped metal cover retainer Uprights DA206 The uprights are the vertical rods which the sieve support plate mounts to NOTE The sieve support plate is adjustable to accommodate the desired number of sieves Eccentric DA211 These are the main drive bearings One is located on the top of the drive shaft and the other is on the lower drive shaft held in place by a square key Hammer lift rod DA205 This is the drive rod located under the hammer arm Troubleshooting Problem Carton damaged when delivered Unit is plugged in and timer display shows a time but the unit won t operate Unit hums and timer shows indicated set time Unit is plugged in and the timer is set to desired time but nothing happens Hammer Arm does not lift properly Possible Cause Please note with shipper so that a claim can be made if necessary All units are in operating condition when they leave the factory Call for technical support The unit might be out of alignment Call for technical Support Make sure unit is unplugged Flip unit on the side Make sure the timing pulley is turning freely If this is not
13. larger portion of the material retained on the test sieve The sieve cut point would be inaccurate and the sample would not meet the specifications for the test The selected sieves should be assembled with the coarsest sieve at the top of the stack and the balance of the stack in increasing magnitude of fineness increasing sieve numbers with smaller openings The stack should include a with the inclusion of the new ASTM E 11 09 Standards Table this is now featured in Table 5 With the inclusion of the new ASTM E 11 09 Standards Table this is now featured in Table 6 cover on the top sieve and a pan below the finest sieve The sieve stack can be shaken then rapped by hand or mounted in sieve shaker with motorized electrostatic drive mechanism While many applications still use the hand shaken method for sieving motor driven shakers have proven to be much more consistent minimizing variations related to operator procedures n powder analysis below the 100 mesh range the sieve shaker should be equipped with a device to impart a shock wave to the sieve stack at regular intervals This hammer or rapping device is necessary to reorient the particles on the sieve and impart some shear forces to near sized particles blocking the sieve openings Recommended Time Intervals The duration of the sieving interval is usually regulated by industry standards or by in house control specifications Commonly 10 15 or
14. reference sample is tested on the stack The values are calculated and retained As new sieves are acquired the original reference sample is tested on the new set and the values calculated Any variations between the sieve stacks can be compensated for with correction factors or multipliers For example a sieve in stack 3 may retain more or less than the comparable sieve in the master set A multiplier of magnitude greater than or less than 1 is necessary to calculate the comparable retention value on that sieve when compared to the master set In this way every sieve in use can be compared to the master set to standardize sieving results Whatever method you use it is essential that your starting point is based on ASTM specifications This CHAPTER 6 compliance is necessary to assure uniformity between and within industries PERFORMING THE SIEVE ANALYSIS In obtaining meaningful sieve analysis data six major steps are recommended 1 Obtain a representative sample of the material to be evaluated 2 Prepare the sample for evaluation this may involve washing and or drying the sample 3 Reduce the sample to a size suitable for the sieve analysis procedure 4 Perform the actual sieve analysis procedure 5 Compute the data and convert the data into a usable format 6 Organize the data and assemble the information for presentation Granular and powder materials are prone to segregation during movement and storage of the pr
15. to rest 9 Slide the sieve stack assembly into the DuraTap 10 Adjust the height of the sieve stack assembly and sieve support plate per instructions 11 Bring hammer arm back down into place over the sieve cover 12 13 14 Swing the hammer arm up past vertical until it comes to rest 15 fractions Set the timer for the desired test interval Upon completion of the test interval the unit will switch off automatically Remove the sieve stack assembly and proceed to weigh up the retained Electronic Timer In an effort to make our products even more responsive to needs of the users the DuraTap Testing Sieve Shaker now features a digital timer with greater reliability and precision than most conventional mechanical timers Digital Timer The timer controls the cycle time of the sieving operation as well as functioning as a 24 hour clock The timer and clock setting procedure are described below Minimum operating time is 2 seconds maximum 99 minutes 59 seconds 4 3 2 1 Run LED Clock Set LED a a p EE Seconds Minutes Mode Hours Decimal Point of 3 seven segment Decimal point of 1 seven segment Increase Button Decrease Button Decreose Start Resume Mode Button Button Stop Button After applying an appropriate AC to the power input terminals the display will be blank the beeper will beep for Y second giving the user notification th
16. which require service after every five hours of operation Please refer to the DuraTap Parts Diagram in the front portion of the User s Manual One port is on top of the unit in the BA106 BA119 Yoke 30 30a This fitting feeds the DA211 Eccentric 5 housed in the BA102 BA120 Yoke 30 303 The second port is on the lower rear part of the BA101 Tower amp Base Assembly 45 This fitting feeds the DA211 Eccentric 5 housed by the DA201 Lower Carriage Plate 21 The BA105 Stationary Block 48 should also be periodically greased A Moly EP extreme pressure multi purpose grease is recommended 3 Does the DuraTap have to be calibrated The DuraTap is not a calibrated machine The taps and oscillations can be verified to make sure the machine is still operating at manufacturer s specification Please Chart 5A refer to Chart 1A The oscillations and taps per minute are basically a product of motor rpm line in voltage and the hertz of that voltage Test sieves however can be certified using Advantech s Centerline Premium Sieve Certification Utilizing our sophisticated image analyzer traceable to NIST your sieve may be tested to any of the following ASTM E 11 Inspection Certification Sieves measured to this standard will have a percentage of openings and 10 wire dimension measured This certificate provides a confidence level of 99 that the sieve is within the specifications ASTM E 11 Ca
17. wrote often refer to sieving as the Cinderella of particle size analysis methods it does most of the hard work and gets little consideration There are numerous reasons for the selection of high quality testing sieves as a first choice in particle size analysis work Leschonski said because of its simplicity everyone immediately understands the purpose of a stack of sieves and its operation and its inexpensive ness Standard sieve analysis is probably the fastest and most widely used quality control procedure in any powder process control industry Used frequently as a mediating device between the production and sales divisions of a process corporation or between the sales force and the customer test sieve analysis work enjoys the universal recognition of being the best quick and dirty test procedure for rapid particle size distribution data The outcome of the analysis is easily calculated and interpreted for comparison between laboratories Start up cost to institute a basic sieving quality control program is minimal and operators at most levels of training are capable of performing a successful sieve analysis With these factors in mind it is easy to see why testing sieves are as ubiquitous as they are in industry Materials from crushed ore chunks of over 114 3 mm 4 in diameter to slurred alumina and porcelain powders of less than 20 micrometers are all analyzed with test sieves on a regular ba
18. 0 0010 0 0008 A 2 AID lt 1 25 1 12 900u 8501 800u 710u 630u 710u 710u 600p 5601 5001 4500 5001 5001 4251 4001 355u 315 355u 355u 300p 2801 2501 2241 2501 2501 2121 200 1801 1601 1801 1801 1501 1401 1251 112 125 1251 106 100 80 e 5 H N u N 5p 53u a e a Az 5p 40 Q 8u 36u 5 2 E lt 2 3 a 5 Same as ASTM E 11 USA Standard Sieve Series 10 Tenth root of ten ratio R 20 Twentieth root of ten R 20 3 Every third number of R 20 Series R 40 3 Every third number of fortieth root of ten series Table 2 INTERNATIONAL ISO 3310 1 2000 Opening Equiv Apert inch No Table3 710p AMERICAN ASTME 11 01 5 4 24 31 27 COMPARISON TABLE INTERNATIONAL TEST SIEVE SERIES BRITISH CANADA BS410 2000 CGSB 8 2 M88 Aperture Equiv Aperture mm BS Mesh mm 100 00 90 00 71 00 63 00 53 00 50 00 45 00 o N 47 710p 22 710p 710p FRANCE AFNOR NFX11 501 Aperture Approx Aperture Tamis No DIN No m 100 00 90 00 71 00 63 00 53 00 50 00 45 00 GERMANY JAPAN DIN ISO 3310 1 2000 JIS m 71 00 26 50 2240 19 00 16 00 12 50 11 20 9 50 8 00 6 70 710p 710p 5 0 7 1 4 COMPARISON TABLE INTERNATIONAL TEST SIEVE SERIES
19. 059 6 6 43 193 0 1 0 085 0 115 125 No 120 0 0049 5 8 38 163 0 09 0 077 0 104 106 No 140 0 0041 5 2 35 141 0 071 0 06 0 082 90 No 170 0 0035 46 32 122 0 063 0 054 0 072 75 No 200 0 0029 4 1 29 104 0 05 0 043 0 058 63 No 230 0 0025 3 7 26 89 0 045 0 038 0 052 53 No 270 0 0021 3 4 24 OP 0 036 0 031 0 041 45 No 325 0 0017 3 1 22 67 0 032 0 027 0 037 38 No 400 0 0015 2 9 20 58 0 03 0 024 0 035 32 No 450 0 0012 2 7 18 50 0 028 0 023 0 033 25 No 500 0 0010 25 16 41 0 025 0 021 0 029 20 635 0 0008 2 3 15 35 0 02 0 017 0 023 Column 3 These numbers are only approximate but are in use for reference the sieve shall be identified by the standard designation in millimeter or micrometers Table 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION ISO PREFERRED NUMBER SERIES Values in millimeters unless specified as micron 1 125 125 4921 4 409 messes 100 90 i R 20 3 R20 R 40 3 Equivalent in inches 106 4 173 1 3 937 3 543 3 150 75 2 953 2 795 63 2 480 2 205 53 2 087 1 969 45 1 772 1 575 37 5 1 476 1 398 315 1 240 1 102 26 5 1 043 0 984 22 4 0 882 zm 0 787 19 0 748 0 709 16 16 0 630 132 112 9 5 6 7 5 6 4 75 4 3 35 2 8 2 36 2 106 21 92 E 75 63 55 ay 375 315 E 265 224 E sd 16 4 432 112 U 95
20. 4 1 19 3 4 in 0 750 0 579 1 13 20 13 3 15 2f 3 5 16 5 8 in 0 625 0 490 0 99 16 99 3 15 2 3 6 13 2 0 530 in 0 530 0 406 0 86 14 06 2 8 2 4 22 12 5 1 2 in 0 500 0 385 0 83 13 33 2 5 2 1 2 9 11 2 7 16 in 0 438 0 346 0 77 11 97 2 5 2 1 2 9 9 5 3 8 in 0 375 0 295 0 68 10 18 2 24 1 9 2 6 8 5 16 in 0 312 0 249 0 60 8 60 2 1 7 23 67 0 265 in 0 265 0 210 0 53 7 23 1 8 1 5 2 1 6 3 1 4 in 0 250 0 197 0 51 6 81 1 8 1 5 2 1 5 6 No 3 1 2 0 223 0 176 0 47 6 07 1 6 1 3 1 9 4 75 No 4 0 187 0 150 0 41 5 16 1 6 1 3 1 9 4 No 5 0 157 0 127 0 37 4 37 1 4 1 2 1 7 3 35 No 6 0 132 0 107 0 32 3 67 1 25 1 06 1 5 2 8 No 7 0 110 0 090 0 29 3 09 1 42 0 95 1 3 2 36 No 8 0 0937 0 076 0 25 2 61 1 0 85 1 15 2 No 10 0 0787 0 065 0 23 2 23 0 9 0 77 1 04 13 No 12 0 0661 0 056 0 20 1 90 0 8 0 68 0 92 1 4 No 14 0 0555 0 046 0 18 1 58 0 71 0 6 0 82 1 18 No 16 0 0469 0 040 0 16 1 34 0 63 0 54 0 72 1 No 18 0 0394 0 034 0 14 1 14 0 56 0 48 0 64 micrometer inches micrometer micrometer micrometer micrometer 850 No 20 0 0331 29 1 127 977 0 5 0 43 0 58 710 No 25 0 0278 24 7 112 822 0 45 0 38 0 52 600 No 30 0 0234 21 2 101 701 0 4 0 34 0 46 500 No 35 0 0197 18 0 89 589 0 315 0 27 0 36 425 No 40 0 0165 15 5 81 506 0 28 0 24 0 32 355 No 45 0 0139 13 3 2 427 0 224 0 19 0 26 300 50 0 0117 11 5 65 365 0 2 0 17 0 23 250 No 60 0 0098 9 9 58 308 0 16 0 13 0 19 212 No 70 0 0083 8 7 52 264 0 14 0 12 0 17 180 No 80 0 0070 7 6 47 227 0 125 0 106 0 15 150 No 100 0 0
21. 451 01 D293 93 1999 D5709 95 2000 285 88 1999 C429 01 D1214 89 1994 D2772 90 1997 E276 98 B214 99 D451 91 1996 D452 91 1997 D546 99 C549 81 1995 D 185 84 1999 D480 88 1999 D1921 01 285 88 1999 C92 95 1999 D2187 94 1998 D5461 93 1998 D502 89 1995 E359 00 D421 85 1998 D422 63 1998 D1140 00 D2217 85 1998 516 80 1996 FOR SPECIFIC MATERIAL OR INDUSTRIES Title of Standard Standard Test Method for Materials Finer Than 75 m No 200 Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates Standard Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates Standard Specifications for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete Standard Specifications for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units Standard Test Method for Flat Particles Elongated Particles or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate Standard Test Method for Determining the Percentage of Fractured Particles in Coarse Aggregate Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Duel Asbestos Fiber Standard Test Method for Screen Analysis of Asbestos Fibers Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Pelleted Fines and Attrition Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Pellet Size Distribution Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Sieve Residue Standard Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 150 No 100 and 75 um No 200
22. 70cm 7101 No 25 120cm 60cm 5001 No 35 100cm 50cm 355u No 45 80cm 40cm 2501 No 60 70cm 35cm 1801 No 80 60cm 30cm 125g No 120 50cm 25cm 901 170 40cm 20cm 63y No 230 35cm 17cm 45u No 325 30cm 15cm 38u No 400 25cm 12cm The recommended weight of material for a sieve test sample is calculated by multiplying the bulk volume figure in Column 3 by the particular bulk density in grams per cubic centimeter of the material rounded out within a tolerance of 25 percent Table 4 BULK DENSITY OF PULVERIZED MATERIALS IN FREELY POURED CONDITION Average Weight Average Weight Average Weight lbs t Material lbs ft g em Marena Ibs At g cm Alumina 44 1 23 Fullers earth 30 to 40 F3 Rubber chopped 36 0 58 Aluminum calcined 128 2 05 Garnet 168 2 69 Rubber ground 20 0 32 Aluminum oxide 122 1 96 Glass beads 76 1 22 Phosphate rock 75to 85 Aluminum shot 96 1 54 Glass crushed 66 1 06 Salt flake 61 0 98 Ammonium nitrate 48 0 77 Glass cullet 93 1 49 Salt rock 66 1 06 Ammonium sulfate 61 0 98 Granite crushed pi Fr i Salt table 75 1 20 3 1 20 to 90 to 1 44 to 90 to 1 44 to Bauxite ore 75to 85 136 Gravel 100 1 60 Sand 100 1 60 0 80 to 90 to 1 44 to Bentonite 50 to 65 1 04 Gypsum calcined 58 0 93 Sand silica 100 160 Bicarbonate of soda 57 0 91 Gypsum crushed pk poti Sawdust 18 0 29 0 80 to 120 to 1 92to Borax 50 to 61 0 98 Iron ore 150 240 Seacoal 42 0 67 Boric acid
23. O O i 67 O 56 475 MR 335 28 236 E ees 2 6 4 355 315 31 29 HEN 25 224 2 1 0 520 0 492 0 441 0 394 0 374 0 354 0 315 0 280 0 264 0 248 0 220 0 197 0 187 0 177 0 157 0 140 0 132 0 124 0 110 0 098 0 093 125 112 10 11 o 63 65 40 1 guum IHREN a m vw 63 se 56 a esses 45 3 55 7 6 5 4 2 3 55 eet S45 SR 25 224 0 088 T 0 079 T 25 3 5 5 22 4 6 2 6 4 8 2 2 5 7 6 5 5 4 4 2 2 5 4 2 1 3 6 0 5 0 8 5 0 59 6 5 8 8 25 aes ay 90 a 63 O 21 ERIS Bo umm 315 Ee 24 Ex 1e 4 Es m 112 1 hosed Es a L L3 56 mnn as 28 1 ENDE 2 HS inches 0 0669 0 0630 0 0551 0 0492 0 0465 0 0441 0 0394 0 0354 0 0335 0 0315 0 0280 0 0248 0 0236 0 0220 0 0197 0 0177 0 0167 0 0157 0 0140 0 0124 0 0118 0 0110 0 0098 0 0088 0 0083 0 0079 0 0071 0 0063 0 0059 0 0055 0 0049 0 0044 0 0042 0 0039 0 0035 0 0031 0 0030 0 0028 63u 63u 0 0025 56u 0 0022 0 0021 0 0020 0 0018 0 0016 0 0015 0 0014 0 0013
24. Sieves Standard Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 45 325 Sieve Standard Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement and Raw Materials by the 300 um No 50 150 1 No 100 and 75 um No 200 Sieves by Wet Methods Standard Test Method for Wet Sieve Analysis of Ceramic Whiteware Clays Standard Test Method for Wire Cloth Sieve Analysis of Nonplastic Ceramic Powders Standard Test Method for Sampling and Fineness Test of Pulverized Coal Standard Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal and Designating Coal Size Standard Test Methods for Coating Powders and Their Coatings Used for Electrical Insulation Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings Standard Test Method for the Sieve Analysis of Coke Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Petroleum Coke Standard Test Methods for Sieve Analysis of Wet Milled and Dry Milled Porcelain Enamel Method for Sieve Analysis of Raw Materials for Glass Manufacture Test for Sieve Analysis of Glass Spheres Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Electrical Grade Magnesium Oxide Standard Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis at No 4 4 75 mm Sieve and Finer for Metal Bearing Ores and Related Materials Test for Sieve Analysis of Metal Powders Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing for Asphalt Roofing Products Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Surfacing for Asphalt Products Standard Test Method for Sie
25. al Pan stamped or spun receiver of materials passing through the finest sieve CHAPTER 4 The U S Standard Sieve Series is a metric system based series first suggested by the American Society for Testing and Materials in 1913 The opening sizes in this sieve series are in the ratio of the fourth root of two This numerical relationship was first suggested by Professor P R Rittinger a German researcher in 1867 In the fourth root of two series every Opening size is 1 189 times the opening size of the next smaller sieve This Skirt section of test sieve below the sieve mesh that allows for mating or nesting of the sieves in a test stack Support mesh coarse sieve cloth mounted under fine sieve cloth in a test sieve to provide extra strength This is widely used in wet sieving operations to protect the fragile fine sieve cloth Frequently called backing cloth or rolled backing cloth Test Sieve screening medium mesh with openings of uniform size and shape mounted on a rigid frame usually for laboratory testing or small scale production applications The frames can be made of various materials the most common of which are brass and stainless steel in a cylindrical configuration having a diameter of 3 5 6 8 10 12 or larger Wet sieving the separation of fines from the coarse portion of a sample while suspended in aqueous solution introduced to a testing sieve The liquid medium is used to negate s
26. at the timer is now activated The units default is in Minute Mode Setting Time of Day Push and hold the button SET DISPLAY for 1 second the unit will default the time to 12 00am and enter the Clock Set mode While in this mode buttons MODE STOP amp START RESUME are disabled and the clock set LED will be turned ON The user now can set the time by pressing and holding either INCREASE or DECREASE button until the desired time is achieved If you do not wish to set the time of day skip step number 3 The clock mode is a 12 hour with an am pm display element When the clock is being displayed and the clock is in the pm time frame the decimal point of number 1 seven segment will be ON Once the user has achieved the proper clock value they need to exit the clock set mode by pressing and holding the button SET DISPLAY for 1 second After the 1 second the beeper will beep for 1 second giving the user notification that the mode is now exited Once the clock is set the display will go blank and the clock set LED will turn OFF If the clock has been set and the user presses the button SET DISPLAY for less than 1 second the display will show the current time for a 5 second period and revert back to what was previously on the display 3 Setting Interval Timer In modes 1 3 the device functions as a simple countdown timer When you set the value press the button START RESUME When the value reaches 0 the relay is tur
27. ave of the cloth but also confronted with the effects of particle shape on sieving results Nearly 50 years ago A M Gaudin wrote Powders with identical size distributions densities and chemical composition may behave quite differently as a result of variations in particle shape between samples For example powders consisting solely of spherical particles are likely to have good flow properties while powders containing needlelike particles will not Further In addition it is impossible to isolate the concepts of particle size and shape since the method of size measurement will influence the particle size which 15 determined 6 Numerous approaches have been tried to compensate for the effects of variations in wire cloth and particle shape The methods have fallen into 3 basic categories 1 inspection of the mesh to determine opening size 2 material testing of the sieves to determine if sieves fall within performance specifications and 3 a combination of methods 1 and 2 assuring compliance with both opening size and performance specifications Probably the most elementary of the inspection methods is the use of the etched glass slide This procedure relies on what is referred to as the Moire Effec which compares the number of wires per inch in the wire cloth sample to the number of lines per inch etched on the glass slide By microscopically measuring the wire diameters a rough estimate of the opening size
28. can be approximated One major short coming of this procedure is the assumption that all wire diameters within the sample are the same A slight variation in wire diameter can translate to a significant change in opening size An alternative to this measurement approach is the use of a high powered optical comparator or profile projector In this method powerful light sources illuminate the mesh from both above and below and project the image onto a glass screen Calibrated micrometer stages move the mesh sample in relation to a reference point allowing measurements with accuracy of 1 micrometer to be made on both the opening and wire diameter The results are displayed on a numerical readout The broad field of view of the comparator allows for the scanning of a large number of sieve openings facilitating a more comprehensive picture of the nature of the sieve cloth In the material testing of sieves powder samples are run on subject sieves and the residue calculated These values are then compared with other sieves in selecting what are often referred to as matched sieves There are a number of shortcomings in this procedure also The first and foremost problem encountered is that of compliance Conceivably it is possible to find hundreds of sieves that will provide the same performance data when tested with a reference material and still not meet ASTM standards While the sieves perform comparably they do not meet th
29. d 29 0 47 granular 64 1 03 Dolomite crushed 13410 65t075 1040 Tungsten carbide 550 8 82 i 100 1 60 1 20 Feldspar crushed 65 to 84 ty Plaster calcined 64 1 03 Urea prills 43 0 69 Ferrophosphorous 196 3 14 Polyethylene pellets 36 0 58 Vermiculite ore 80 1 28 Fire clay 80 1 28 Polyethylene powder 18 0 29 Wood chips 13 0 21 Flour wheat 24 0 38 Poly vinyl chloride 30 0 48 Zinc dust 144 2 31 Flour maize 37 0 59 Potash 77 1 23 Zirconium oxide 200 3 22 Fluorspar pet Potassium carbonate 79 1 27 Zirconium sand 162 2 60 Fly ash 49 0 79 Pumice 40 0 64 Where single figure is given it represents an actual weight of a typical average sample of the material recorded by a research laboratory therefore the figure can be expected to vary from sample to sample of the same material Table 5 Material Aggregates Asbestos Carbon black Cement Ceramic Coal Coatings Coke Enamel Glass Magnesium Metal Bearing ores Metal Powders Mineral Perlite Pigments and paint Plastic Porcelain Refractories Resins Rubber additives Soap Soda ash Soil Vermiculite Table 6 LIST OF ASTM PUBLISHED STANDARDS ON SIEVE ANALYSIS PROCEDURES ASTM Designation C117 95 C136 01 C142 97 C330 00 C331 01 D4791 99 D5821 01 D2589 88 1997 D2947 88 1997 D1508 99 D1511 00 D1514 00 184 94 C430 96 C786 96 C325 81 1997 C371 89 1999 D197 87 1994 D4749 87 1994 D3214 96 D3
30. d size Sample splitters and reducers Gross samples if not too large may be reduced to test sample size by one or more passes through a sample splitter or Jones type riffle which will divide a sample in half while maintaining the particle size distribution of the original sample By repeated passes the sample can be split into quarters eighths and so on until the size of the sample desired is obtained For larger gross samples sample reducers are available which will select a representative 1 16 part with a single pass After just two passes through such unit a representative one pound sample can be obtained from an original 256 pounds Three passes will give a one pound sample from two tons of material Always make sure that the passages in the splitter or reducer are at least three times the size of the largest particle in the sample Do not attempt to arrive at exactly the amount of material specified for the test If a 50 gram sample is desired arrive as near to this amount as practicable because it will make no difference in the test percentage results whether the sample is slightly larger or smaller In attempting to arrive at an exact weight the tendency is to discriminate by the removal of sizes that are not representative of the whole thus destroying the representative quality of the sample Size of Sample in the Test There is a natural tendency although incorrect to use an excessively large sample in the
31. damage the sieve openings on the finer mesh sieves The concentrated jet of air can cause severe local damage to the wire cloth and significantly reduce the accuracy of the sieve mesh With proper care sieves will perform accurately for many years Typical wear does not usually change the opening sizes but can abrade the knuckles or crimps of the wire A sieve with noticeable sagging of the cloth should be replaced Fine mesh sieves that are torn should not be re soldered as the localized heat of the soldering iron can distort the openings Epoxies have been used for repairs but tend to block a large percentage of the openings reducing the opportunity for particles to pass through the openings in the allotted agitation time Epoxies may become too brittle for the flexing of the wire cloth and can fracture with use Good general laboratory procedures should be observed with testing sieves as with any other piece of test equipment Testing should be performed with clean uncontaminated sieves especially when using a sieve for the first time With proper care and cleaning coupled with a good calibration procedure any test sieve should provide many years of consistent service EPILOG We hope that the characterization of testing sieves and their uses presented in this manual will serve as an enhancement to your current particle size analysis program By maximizing the analytical advantage potential of testing sieves while mini
32. does occur this block will wear out before the more expensive DA201 Lower Carriage Plate 21 is damaged If this part becomes worn the oscillations may change and a slapping noise will be heard e Unplug the DuraTap from the power source e Turn the unit over and wear on the BA105 Stationary Block 48 may be found e Replace the BA105 Stationary Block 48 before damage to the DA201 Lower Carriage Plate 21 occurs e Routine greasing of the BA105 Stationary Block 48 will ensure long life See question 2 for locations of grease fittings 8 I want to convert 8 DuraTap to work with 12 sieves Can 1 do that Conversion Kits are available for users who want to convert their existing unit to accept either 8 or 12 sieves No need to incur the expense of another shaker Simply unscrew 4 bolts and loosen 2 hex nuts converts your 12 unit to accept 8 sieves PA12 converts your 8 unit to accept 12 sieves 9 Can the direction of the motor be changed No WARNING Do NOT attempt to change the direction of the motor Doing so will cause damage to the DuraTap and will void the warranty 10 11 12 13 14 What is the grade of stainless steel used in the manufacture of Advantech s test sieves e ASTM 8 and coarser sieves use a 304 grade wire cloth e ASTM 10 and finer use a 316 grade e Stainless steel frames are manufactured with 304 grade stainless steel What is the warranty on the DuraTap
33. e basic criteria of ASTM specifications which should disqualify them from use as a U S Standard Testing sieve Another problem encountered with material matching is the use of reference samples that are different in shape size or density than the users products For example a manufacturer of spherical steel shot would yield significantly different results on a sieve that had been matched with an angular ground silica material In this case both shape and density are considerably different The key to proper matching is using the end users own product or a material that approximates the product most closely The final approach is a combination of the first two methods First the sieve is inspected optically for compliance with all applicable standards Openings and wire diameters are measured not averaged After the sieve opening distribution has been characterized and evaluated actual material testing can begin During the material testing samples of the user s product are used for the standardization procedure tests run repeatability and the variation between test results calculated This procedure yields a testing sieve with known values in the two most essential parameters compliance with specifications and performance under duplicate test conditions An alternative that has been used with some success is the use of correction factors between sieves Once a master set of sieves has been established a
34. ed and inserted e Start the sieve stack with the pan at the very bottom e Load the sieves on top of the pan An extended rim pan may be inserted within the stack to run multiple samples See Figure 12A for an example of the extended rim pan Bear in mind the overall height of the sieve stack may not exceed the capacities as shown in Chart 5A e Introduce the sample and place the BA106 BA119 DuraTap Sieve Cover 30 30a on top of the sieve stack as shown in Figure 6A Figure 6B illustrates an improperly installed Figure 6A DuraTap Sieve Cover e Place the sieve stack onto the BA132 BA122 Sieve Support Clamp Assembly 36 36a e Adjust the BA132 BA122 Sieve Support Clamp Assembly 36 36a up far enough that the sieves will be securely held in place as shown in Figure 6C Be certain you have the BA106 BA119 DuraTap Sieve Cover 30 30a situated Figure 6C so the dimple in the center can receive the cork or rubber plug as shown is Figure 6A If the cover is upside down the sieves will not be properly held in place and the BA103 Hammer Arm 1 will fall on metal rather than the plug causing the sloshing of the sieves in the assembly and Figure 6B the very noisy tapping 7 My DuraTap is making a slapping noise and the oscillation displacement seem to be off What is happening The BA105 Stationary Block 48 is manufactured out of a bronze alloy so that if any wear from heavy or extended use
35. eed 261 127 C Solder will begin to soften at this point may be tapped gently with the handle of the brush to dislodge the particles between brush strokes At no time should a needle or other sharp object be used to remove the particles lodged in the wire cloth Special care should be taken when brushing sieves finer than 80 mesh Brushing can cause distortions irregularities in the sieve openings The procedure is repeated for each sieve in the stack and contents of the pan The individual weights retained on the sieves should be added and compared to the starting sample weight Wide variations or sample losses should be determined immediately If the finished sample weight varies more than 2 from the initial weight the analysis and sample should be discarded and the test performed another sample If the sample weights are acceptable complete the calculations and report the individual weights retained on each sieve Presentation and analysis of the resulting data is frequently made easier by plotting on one of a number of graph formats The most common graphic presentation is plotting of the cumulative percentage of material retained on a sieve plotted on a logarithmic scale versus percentage plotted on a linear scale The resulting curve allows a quick approximation of the sieve size at the fifty percentile point of accumulation The curve also shows the smoothness of the distribution by revealing the pr
36. end of a week but must be done regularly to assure accurate sieving results The sieves should be immersed in an ultrasonic cleaner filled with a solution of a mild detergent and water Prior to reuse ensure that the test sieves are dried thoroughly Ultrasonic cleaning prevents the buildup of particles trapped in the sieve openings and prolongs the useful life of the sieve Between test clean up brushing of the mesh sizes 100 and coarser is recommended For best results use a nylon bristle paint brush with the bristles cut to a length of approximately 25 4 mm 1 The sieve openings should be brushed from the NOT ultrasonically clean precision electroformed test sieves Refer to the Handling and Use Instructions on the sieve jewel case underside only with a gentle circular motion Vigorous brushing will distort the sieve openings and reduce the effective life of the sieve Particles lodged in the sieve openings should never be removed with a sharp object These particles should be removed in an ultrasonic cleaner only Brushing should be avoided on sieves finer than 100 mesh as the fine wires are more likely to bend distort or even break Brushing can often loosen the wire cloth the finer mesh sizes are most susceptible to this damage Similarly cleaning sieves with a WIRE CLOTH DAMAGED BY IMPROPER BRUSHING Note the irregularities in both opening size and shape compressed air jet is common but this can
37. ended sample weights in grams can be determined by multiplying the values in Column 3 and 4 by the bulk density grams per cubic centimeter of the material to be tested rounded out within a reasonable tolerance If the actual bulk density of a certain material is not known they typical density factor for the most nearly similar material listed in Table 5 may by used To perform the actual sieve analysis sieves should be chosen in a sequence as described earlier Use every sieve every other sieve or every third sieve etc between the desired size parameters The use of sieves in this sequential order will allow for better data presentation and a more meaningful analysis of the test results should also be taken in selecting the proper sieves to avoid overloading any sieve with an especially large material peak For example a specification may require 96 of the sample be retained above a 50 mesh sieve The proper way to perform an analysis of this nature is to use relief screen that is sieves in the 30 35 40 and 45 mesh ranges to remove some of the burden from the critical cut point of 50 mesh If the relief sieves are not used the particles of exactly 50 mesh size or slightly larger may become wedged in or forced through the sieve openings by the mass of material resting above them Large concentrations of material on one sieve reduce the opportunity for near sized material to pass through the sieve resulting in a
38. esence of bimodal blends in the sample Other plotting techniques include log log and direct plotting of micron size versus percentage retained Care should be exercised in the analyzing the data in relation to the length of time the test was run If the sample contains a large amount of elongated or near size particles the test results can be misleading The longer the sieving interval the greater the opportunity for these problem particles to pass through the sieve s openings Ideally each fraction should be inspected microscopically after CHAPTER7 sieving to determine the integrity of the sieve cut point Table 6 lists many of the ASTM published standards on sieve analysis procedures for specific materials industries With the inclusion of the new ASTM E 11 09 Standards Table this is now featured in Table 7 SI EVE CARE AND CLEANI NG Test sieves like any other piece of analytical laboratory equipment require regular care to maintain their performance standards Sieves should be kept clean and dry at all times and stored either in the cardboard carton provided or in a suitable cabinet The wire cloth must be taut and free from variations in opening size For this reason cleaning procedures must be clearly delineated as of comprehensive sieving program Test sieves should be cleaned ultrasonically on a regular basis For some installations this may be done at the end of a shift or at the
39. ew zzevi 69 ewed 8 6 X buo1 p L L 89 91 11 1 12245 eueidoeN gosvi s9 090 X CI 91 6 X GO v L L JeuseM peuoioN zervi 96 MOOIAN INN 9L58 e ele VIN SS 19 9 eje d uoddns eozva zs 15 Auoneis soya sr 2 9 55 eseg 9 0 FS EL yog 8 2 9 8 zv ee 4 oe EE n sz 55 see z Aging eozva LOPWIN z 1eo1 tozva z G epeJc ded peer xeH X9L 9 e oz 10 servi 6L OA 022 plod z0 v3 HOA OLL p 05 goewa si 25 de 193205 8 6 ZL eID 8192 9 ZHO9 0S 022 1 8 69 2 gt ZHO9 0S vieSzeeX SL 1 2 XOz v L vosviN vL uondused EG a ETE AEE e ADVANTECH www advantechmfg com Test Sieving Principles and Procedures A Discussion of the Uses Capabilities and Limitations of Testing Sieves as Analytical Tools Advantech Manufacturing
40. gram Tighten the wing screws and begin testing Hammer Lift Rod Sieve Cover with Cork 90 52 Aor IX T SS ys Fs Hi Siev e support plate with wing screws 4 Lubrication Instructions This unit requires periodic lubrication at two different points in the mechanism After every 5 hours of operation apply any general purpose grease containing graphite to the grease fitting at the rear of the top yoke At the same time apply grease to the bulkhead grease fitting located on the left side of the machine base Wipe off excess grease before operating Do not over apply grease Performing a Sieve Analysis using the DuraTap Testing Sieve Shaker 1 Complete installation of the DuraTap Testing Sieve Shaker per instructions 2 Plug device into the proper power source be sure that voltage and cycle requirements are observed 3 Prepare the material sample to be tested using industry specified sampling and preparation procedures 4 Select the sieves for the analysis 5 Assemble the sieve stack coarsest sieve at the top finest at the bottom with bottom pan 6 Pour the sample to be tested onto the top sieve Install a standard sieve cover to prevent sample loss 7 Place the spun sieve cover with cork from the DuraTap on top of the assembly 8 Swing the hammer arm up past vertical until it comes
41. he manufacturers in rejected out of specification sieve cloth is a gain to the end user in uniformity and compliance COMPARATOR Profile projector specially designed and built for wire cloth and sieve inspection CHAPTER 3 GLOSSARY OF SIEVING TERMINOLOGY Sieving terminology is frequently used and abused in writing specifications for materials Listed below are some of the most frequently used terms and a general discussion of their meaning Agglomerate natural tendency of materials to clump or ball together This condition is very common in materials with high moisture fat or oil content or those with fibrous extremely irregular topography Blinding plugging of the screen openings with particles either exactly the same size as the sieve opening or by fine particles SIEVING MEDIA wire cloth sheet or plate TOP fillet SOLDER JOINT HALF HEIGHT Height 17 depth to cloth 1 FULL HEIGHT Height 2 depth to cloth 2 COVER WITH LIFTING RING COVER WITHOUT LIFTING RING PAN lt EXTENDED RIM Spacer which build up on the wire mesh and eventually close off the openings Frequently referred to as pegging Photo Page 4 Cover stamped or spun lid that tightly covers the top of a sieve to prevent the loss of the material sample during sifting or mechanical agitation Electrostatic charges accumulation of electrical charges on the particles and sieve c
42. ial rose technology in producing uniform sieving media increased Woven wire cloth was introduced as an alternative providing greater accuracy and durability At present this woven cloth is available in a range of sizes from 125 mm 5 openings to 20 micrometer openings WOVEN SIEVE CLOTH Variations in opening size and shape are common WHAT IS SIEVING All mesh sizes are covered by both national and international standards The need for particle size analysis in the finer size ranges i e 38 micrometers and less prompted the development of the electrodeposited sieve These sieves sometimes called electroformed or micromesh are currently being produced with openings as fine as 3 micrometers The mesh openings are extremely uniform in both size and shape and maintain exacting tolerances While the technology related to sieve analysis has come a long way since the reed sieves of ancient Egypt few new developments have come along since the 1940 s Professor Kurt Leschonski wrote Sieve analysis is one of the few methods of particle size analysis which has escaped modernization While the modernization has not come in the actual hardware of sieving refinements in the application and utilization of existing equipment has proceeded ELECTROFORMED SIEVE CLOTH Electrodeposited material showing uniformity in opening size and shape CHAPTER 2 USES LIMITATIONS AND ADVANTAGES Harold Heywood
43. ize Analysis Conference Bradford 1970 Leschonski Kurt Ibid Kaye Brian Direct Characterization of Fine Particles John Wiley and Sons New York 1981 Gaudin A M Principles of Meneral Dressing McGraw Hill New York 1939 Manual on Test Sieving Methods STP 447 A American Society of Testing and Materials Philadelphia 1969 STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR WOVEN WIRE TEST SIEVE CLOTH AND TEST SIEVES ASTM E 11 09 Nominal Dimensions and Permissible Variations for Sieve Cloth and Compliance Inspection and Calibration Test Sieves 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15 Permissible Range of Sieve Designation Y X Resulting isa Variation for Maximum Variation Maximum ie eroje Standard Alternative Average Opening for Opening Individual Opening Min Max millimeter inches millimeter millimeter millimeter millimeter 125 5 in 5 3 66 4 51 129 51 8 6 8 9 2 106 4 24 in 4 24 3 12 3 99 109 99 6 3 54 7 2 100 4 in 4 2 94 3 82 103 82 6 3 54 7 2 90 3 1 2 in 3 5 2 65 3 53 93 53 6 3 54 1 2 75 3in 3 2 22 3 09 78 09 6 3 54 T2 63 2 1 2 in 2 5 1 87 271 65 71 5 6 4 8 6 4 53 2 12 2 12 1 58 2 39 55 39 5 43 5 8 50 2 in 2 1 49 2 29 52 29 5 43 5 8 45 1 3 4 in 1 75 1 35 2 12 47 12 45 3 8 5 2 37 5 1 1 2 in 1 5 1 13 1 85 39 35 4 5 3 8 52 315 1 1 4 in 1 25 0 95 1 63 33 13 4 3 4 4 6 26 5 1 06 in 1 06 0 802 1 44 27 94 3 55 3 4 1 25 1 00 in 1 0 758 1 38 26 38 3 55 3 4 1 224 7 8 in 0 875 0 681 1 27 23 67 3 55 3
44. libration Certification Sieves measured to this standard will have at least twice as many apertures measured than inspection sieves thereby providing an increased confidence level of 99 73 e Please contact our Customer Service Team at 800 511 2097 or sales advantechmfg com for instructions on how to send sieves in for service Does Advantech calibrate certify test sieves for the DuraTap Yes Test sieves can certified using Advantech s Centerline Premium Sieve Certification Please see the answer to question three for specifics on the varied levels of certification service Advantech offers For a suggested re certification schedule please contact our Customer Service Team at 800 511 2097 or sales advantechmfg com How many sieves can I fit in my DuraTap Please refer to Chart 5A for details on the DuraTap s sieve capacity Fewer sieves may be used by loosening the nuts and adjusting the height of the BA132 BA122 Sieve Support Clamp Assembly 36 36a to the level necessary to securely hold the sieve stack See Figure 6A for an example of a properly constructed and inserted sieve stack DuraTap Sieve Capacity Half Height Intermediate Height Full Height Pan Cover 8 or 203 1 mm 13 N A 6 1 12 or 304 8 mm 7 6 3 1 6 My DuraTap is making a lot of noise and the sieve stack seems unstable in the machine What is wrong The sieve stack may have been improperly construct
45. mizing and compensating for shortcomings and inaccuracies the testing sieve can be a viable and precise testing tool Care maintenance and proper test procedures are as critical with a testing sieve as they are with other more sophisticated particle size analyzers Compliance with applicable industry National and International specifications is essential The intent of these regulating bodies is the formulation of general standards to assure uniformity in testing standards observed by both the buyer and producer The accepted specification should be the foundation for the in house testing procedure Testing accuracy is highly dependent on the technique of the operators Interpretation of data should be neither overstated nor understated in terms of importance The effects of variables must be understood accepted and factored into final data analysis to avoid these shortcomings NOTE To aid in making this manual as understandable and comprehensive as possible minor changes in spelling and grammar have been made to some of the quoted references These changes have not altered the statements made but have aided in clarifying the thoughts of the authors BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen Terence Particle Size Measurement Chapman and Hall New York 1981 Leschonski Kurt Sieve Analysis The Cinderella of Particle Size Analysis Methods Powder Technology Elsevier Sequoiz S A Lausanne 24 1979 Heywood Harold Proc Particle S
46. ned OFF and the beeper beeps 6 sets of 2 250ms beeps Repeat Feature the timer will remember the last time set If you desire to change the setting from the original setting press start switch to recall previous setting then input new setting To enter one of the 3 countdown modes press and hold the button MODE for 1 second Holding down this button the mode will switch every 2 seconds Each time the mode switches the appropriate LED of mode LEDs will be turned ON and the value displayed will change to the modes default value An audible 1 4 beep will also be heard Mode 1 99 second DEFAULT DISPLAY 01 Mode 2 99 minute DEFAULT DISPLAY 00 00 Mode 3 0 99 hour DEFAULT DISPLAY 00 00 Once the countdown value has been set you can now start the timer by pressing the button START RESUME The relay is turned ON While the timer is counting down the user can stop the event by pressing the button STOP The current countdown value will remain on the display If you want to resume the session you just need to press the start button again Counting will proceed from the point where stopped During this operation the run LED is blinked at once a second Once the timer has counted down to 0 and stopped you can execute the same session time value by pressing the START RESUME button again This will recall the timer value and display it At this point you have two options The first being the ability to change the value
47. oducts This segregation can be due to the disparity of the particle sizes and the varied densities for blended products When forming a stockpile of material the larger coarser particles are heavier and tend to roll to the lowest portion and outer perimeter of the cone The finer particles are lighter and more angular and remain concentrated at the top and through the vertical center of the cone Obtaining samples from only the outer perimeter or from the top of the cone would not provide a sample which would be representative of the entire batch Sample extraction and preparation is the most commonly overlooked variable in sieve standardization programs Testing bias can be added at many places along the progression from the raw materials received from a supplier samples taken at each stage of production sample reduction procedures and samples when the product is ready for shipment to the customer The way the samples are extracted from the original bulk volume varies with the way the materials are received produced or stored The ideal sampling method is one which provides the most representative sample with the least amount of material required The following paragraphs were first published in the ASTM technical publication STP 447 A The collaborative efforts of the authors have produced a section on sampling technique which will aid in obtaining representative test samples from larger test sources Sampling from a chute or
48. omponents causing clinging agglomeration or blinding This condition is frequently seen hydrocarbon based materials plastics reactive metals paint pigments and powders with a large fraction finer than 20 micrometers Extended rim pan a sieving pan with a skirt designed to nest within a sieve stack allowing multiple tests to be performed simultaneously Frequently called a nesting pan or spacer g P RM sr eee Fy SF 4 b 4 y BLINDED SIEVE Spherical and near size particles can blind or peg in the sieve openings Flow additive powdered substance added to the sample to reduce agglomeration neutralize static charges and improve the flow characteristics of the sample Common additives are fine silica activated charcoal talc and other commercially produced natural or synthetic substances Generally the additive is pre screened to a known average particle size blended with the sample approximately 1 additive by weight and then screened with the additives value removed from the reported data Frame a rigid sidewall used to form the body of the testing sieve Common depths are 50 8 mm 2 full height for 8 sieves and 25 4 mm 1 half height Special application sieves of other depths are also in use Mesh screening medium with openings of uniform size and shape made of woven punched or electrodeposited materi
49. oosening of the sieve cloth or failure of the solder joint After drying the residue is then sieved normally on the balance of the sieve stack The loss in weight not accounted for on the coarse screens is assumed to be fines or soluble material Wet sieve analysis is especially helpful when working with naturally agglomerated materials ultra fine powders with severe static changes and in samples where fine particles tend to cling to the coarse fractions in the blend The disadvantages associated with wet sieving are primarily the time period required to perform the analysis due to the additional washing and drying time and the possible damage to the sieve mesh by overloading A common practice with wet sieving operations is brushing or forcing the sample through the mesh while the liquid medium is directed on the sieve This pressure can distort the sieve openings or tear the mesh at the solder joint through stress Therefore this procedure is not recommended Once the sieving interval is complete whether dry or wet sieving is used the residue on each sieve is removed by pouring the residue into a suitable weighing vessel To remove material wedged in the sieve s openings the sieve is inverted over a sheet of paper or suitable collector and the underside of the wire cloth brushed gently with a nylon paint brush with bristles cut to a 25 4 mm 1 length The side of the sieve frame 3 Advantech metal framed sieves should not exc
50. openings far above the nominal opening size for the particular mesh size and the test is run for 30 minutes the probability of larger than nominal particles finding those oversized openings is much greater than if the test was run for only 15 minutes Similarly if the sample of powder contains a large percentage of elongated or needle like particles a longer test interval would provide a greater likelihood that the elongated particles will orient themselves on end and pass through the openings If the sieving cloth has a wide range of opening sizes the sieving of this type of material has a compounded error Another factor which must be considered is the reaction of the material to ambient conditions most accurate test sieve available would be of minimal use if the relative humidity in the test lab was 99 Extremely dry conditions can cause fine powders to adhere to the sieve components and each other with strong electrostatic charges Additional types of sieving problems are discussed in the glossary section To minimize error caused by wire cloth variation steps must be taken at every stage of fabrication that will assure the uniformity of the woven mesh as well as the compliance with the applicable standards Both the weaver and the test sieve manufacturer must maintain a constant monitoring program measuring the actual opening sizes of the wire cloth as well as the uniformity of those openings The loss to t
51. ovide a solid foundation for your own particle size analysis program If additional help is desired in establishing your sieve analysis procedure or if you desire a list of suppliers of the equipment highlighted in this manual please contact Advantech Manufacturing Inc 2450 S Commerce Dr New Berlin WI 53151 Telephone 800 511 2096 or email sales advantechmfg com Copyright 2001 Advantech Mfg Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 COUPE PE estate WHAT IS SIEVING CHAPTER 2 USES LIMITATIONS AND ADVANTAGES CHAPTER 3 WORKING GLOSSARY OF SIEVING TERMS CHAPTER 4 het T SIEVE SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 5 SIEVE CALIBRATION PROCEDURES CHAPTER 6 ee PERFORMING THE SIEVE ANALYSIS CHAPTER 7 ee ee ee SIEVE CARE AND CLEANING CHAPTER 1 A simplistic definition of sieving is the separation of fine material from coarse material by means of a meshed or perforated vessel Professor Terence Allen characterizes sieving as The aperture of a sieve may be regarded as a series of gauges which reject or pass particles as they are presented to the aperture This theory was actually in practice during the early Egyptian era as grains were sized with sieves of woven reeds and grasses The level of sophistication increased with the rise of the industrial revolution and the need for more sophisticated methods for classifying material by their particle size As requirements for sized mater
52. points must be observed before putting the device into service 1 Mounting For best results the unit must be permanently mounted It is recommended that unit be bolted to a steel table heavily constructed wooden bench or other suitable structure that will be able to withstand the vibratory and hammering action of the unit The diagram below shows the location of bolt holes provided for the mounting Use 3 3 diameter bolts purchased locally to secure the unit Inspect the mounting periodically for loosening due to vibration 2 Cleaning The unit is painted with a baked epoxy finish that will clean readily with a soft damp cloth For best results vacuum any loose particulate materials prior to wiping the machine clean 3 Sieve Stack Height Adjustment Mounting holes for 3 8 diameter bolts To assure repeatable and reproducible results in testing the drop of the hammer arm has been pre calibrated during assembly It is essential however that the stack of sieves be installed at the proper height to obtain optimal results To adjust the sieve stack height please observe the following Be sure the hammer lift rod is at the lowest point of travel Load the stack of sieves pan cover and sieve cover with cork on to the sieve support plate Loosen the two wing screws on the sieve support plate Raise the sieve support plate along with the sieve stack until the hammer arm comes to an approximately level position see dia
53. ranular material is to take eight equal samples approximately 700 to 1000 grams each from the bottom of a 30 48 cm 1 foot conical excavation Samples should be suitably spaced to represent the length and width of the car and then combined into a single gross sample Sampling bulk shipments of fine material with a sampling tube An alternate and simpler method of sampling a carload or other bulk quantity of fine or granular material is by use of a sampling tube which for this purpose should be 38 1 mm 1 1 2 inches by approximately 1 829 m 6 feet Five or six insertions of the tube will produce approximately a 2 pound 907g sample Sampling from a carload of bagged material One method of sampling a carload of material shipped in bags is to select at random a number of bags equal to the cube root of the total number of bags in the car and to take suitable portions 800 to 1000 grams for minus 6 mm material from each of the selected bags for a combined gross sample Sampling from a pile In sampling from a pile particularly material like crushed stone coal containing large particles it is extremely difficult to secure samples that are truly representative At the apex of a conical pile the proportion of fines will be greater while at the base the percentage of coarse particles will be greater Therefore neither location will be representative of the whole In a shoveling process every fifth or tenth
54. shovel etc should be taken depending on the amount of the sample desired The sample should consist of small quantities taken at random from as many parts of the pile as are accessible and taken in a manner that the composite will have the same grading as the larger amount Reduction of gross sample to test size for sieve analysis After the gross sample has been properly obtained the next step is to reduce it to a suitable size for sieve analysis without impairing in any way the particle size distribution characteristics of the original sample This phase of the Operation should follow the applicable procedures described in the succeeding sections and should be performed with as much care as was used in the collection of the gross sample and in performing the sieve test LN amp A CONING AND QUARTERING TECHNIQUE Coning and quartering Pile the gross sample in a cone place each shovel full at the apex of the cone and allow it to run down equally in all directions This will mix the sample Then spread the sample in a circle and walk around the pile gradually widening the circle with a shovel until the material is spread to a uniform thickness Mark the flat pile into quarters and reject two opposite quarters Mix again into a conical pile taking alternate shovel fulls from the two quarters saved Continue the process of piling flattening and rejecting two quarters until the sample is reduced to the require
55. sis Whether hand or machine sieving wet or dry preparations analysis or production work testing sieves have found a niche in the quality control laboratory Given this overall acceptance of test sieves as a viable analytical device and the widespread presence of the sieve in laboratories of all industries any shortcomings of such an analytical device would be magnified For all of the advantages available to the test sieve user limitations must be recognized CLOTH WITH WIDE MESH VARIATIONS Alternating areas of narrow and wide mesh openings can significantly change sieve analysis results and accounted for in the presentation and analysis data Test sieves are individuals Being fabricated of a woven mesh material variations in the weave are common The chances of locating two sieves with an identical distribution of opening sizes are extremely remote Due to these variations the reproducibility of test results between sieves can be adversely affected The stringent standards imposed by ASTM ISO or other regulating bodies have established tolerance factors which allow for the permissible variations in the weave while striving to maintain a level of uniformity in the performance of the test grade sieve cloth See Table 1 With this variation of opening sizes present some smaller than the nominal and some larger the time interval of the sieve analysis becomes extremely important If for example a sieve has several
56. tatic charges break down agglomerates and lubricate near size particles After the fines have been washed through the sieve the residue is oven dried and re weighed SI EVE SPECIFI CATI ONS Domestic and nternational relationship continues into sieve opening area measurement The U S Sieve Series provides that the area of each sieve opening size is 1 1 2 times the area of the preceding sieve size By using every other sieve in this number series the relationship becomes based on the square root of two 1 414 with the area of the opening being twice that of the preceding sieve size Thus by skipping two sizes you create an area ratio of 3 to 1 or by skipping three sizes you create a ratio of 4 to 1 When selecting sieves from this series any number of sieves can be used for an analysis Care must be taken in selecting each sieve between two points every other sieve every fourth sieve etc to keep within the mathematical progression of the series After World War II the International Standards Organization ISO was formed in an attempt to establish world standards Though the U S Sieve Series had proven to be effective and was in use throughout the world members of the ISO would not accept the U S Sieve Series as a world standard The ISO chose to adopt the Preferred Number Series based on the roots of ten The Preferred Number Series CHAPTER 5 was suggested by Charles Renard of France in 1879 His sys
57. tem is based on the tenth twentieth and fortieth roots of ten designated R 10 R 20 and R 40 See Table 2 A compromise was reached between the ISO and the proponents of the U S Sieve Series when it was discovered that every third value in the R 40 3 table is in a step ratio of 1 1885 sufficiently close to the fourth root of two 1 1892 used in the U S Sieve Series In 1970 slight adjustments were made in the U S Sieve Series to align the series perfectly with the ISO specifications Copies of these tables of specifications can be found in Table 3 SI EVE CALIBRATION PROCEDURES Quantifying and accounting for variations in test sieve results have become two of the most important topics in particle technology today Once again the ubiquitous nature of stacks of test sieves in powder labs around the world has contributed to the scope of the dilemma in sieve standardization and calibration Kaye states The inaccuracies the uncertainties of characterization by sieve fractionation arise from the experimental problems of determining the sieve residues and from the non ideal nature of the sieving surfaces Further The presence of a range of aperture sizes in any real sieving surface is a source of error in sieve based characterization studies since the theoretical or nominal size of the sieve is taken to be the boundary limit for the sieve residue Not only is the test sieve user plagued with variations in the we
58. test In most cases a smaller sample will provide a more accurate analysis Beware however that the more you split the greater the chance of error Testing sieves are a go or no go gauge if the sample is too large it will not permit each of the particles an opportunity to present themselves to the screen surface Often the limiting factor for reducing the sample size is the accuracy of the weighing device used to determine the amount of material retained on the sieve Generally a 25 to 100 gram sample is recommended However if it is necessary to establish the correct sample size utilize the following procedure Using a sample splitter reduce samples to weights i e 25 50 100 200 grams Analyze these SAMPLE SPLITTER various sample sizes on a selected nest of sieves for a period of five minutes preferably using a mechanical sieve shaker If the test with the 100 gram sample shows approximately the same percentage passing the finest sieve as the 50 gram sample whereas the 200 gram sample shows a lower percentage this would indicate that the 200 gram sample is too large and the 100 gram samples would be satisfactory Then run the 100 gram sample on the same set of sieves for the same time period to see if repetitive results are obtainable A useful table of recommended sample sizes for tests with 200 mm or 8 diameter sieves is presented in Table 41 Note that the table gives sample sizes listed by volume Recomm
59. the case there could be a bearing problem It could also be motor damage Call for technical support Unplug unit check lift rod for wear at each end The lift rod can be removed by lifting the hammer to the open position grasping the rod and lifting straight up To re install the lift rod make sure it passes through all guides If the rod is not put in straight it will not go all the way down
60. ve Analysis of Mineral Filler for Bituminous Paving Mixtures Standard Specification for Perlite Loose Fill Insulation Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments Pastes and Paints Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing of Flaked Aluminum Powders and Pastes Standard Test Method for Particle Size Sieve Analysis of Plastic Materials Standard Test Methods for Sieve Analysis of Wet Milled and Dry Milled Porcelain Enamel Tests for Sieve Analysis and Water Content of Refractory Materials Standard Test Methods for Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate lon Exchange Resins Standard Test Method for Rubber Additives Wet Sieve Analysis of Powdered Rubber Chemicals Standard Test Method for Particle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Soda Ash Sodium Carbonate Standard Practice for Dry Preparation of Soil Samples for Particle Size Analysis and Determination of Soil Constants Standard Test Method for Particle Size Analysis of Soils Standard Test Methods for Amount of Material in Soils Finer Than the No 200 75 um Sieve Standard Practice for Wet Preparation of Soil Samples for Particle Size Analysis and Determination of Soil Constants Standard Specification for Vermiculite Loose Fill Insulation Sieve No or Size Range No 200 3 in No 200 1 5 No 20 1 No 100 Ain No 100 No 4 No 325 No 100 No 10 No 120 No 30 No 325 No 100 amp No 200 No
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search