E3270 Display Station Emulator
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1. In this illustration the Alpha Micro has six terminals connected to it These are ordinary Alpha Micro terminals such as AM 62As The protocol converter is connected to three ports on the Alpha These three ports are used to support IBM 3270 emulation These ports must support hardware flow control The protocol converter is connected to an IBM mainframe using a synchronous modem and a telephone line The cables connecting the Alpha and the protocol converter are five conductor cables allowing hardware flow control The cable wiring is as follows ALPHA PROTOCOL MICRO CONVERTER DB 9 DB 25 The cable connecting the protocol converter to the modem is a 25 conductor straight through cable You must supply this cable as well as the modem Attach the terminals to the Alpha Micro using standard RS 232 or RS 422 cables No special wiring is needed The ports the terminals are attached to do not need to support hardware flow control E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Installation Page 1 5 1 2SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS To use E3270 you must have one of these versions of AMOS AMOS L 1 3D or later AMOS 32 1 0D or later any version of AMOS LC or AMOS 2 X Only these versions support the COMSET and COMINT monitor calls and the proper IDVs needed for hardware flow control The IDVs you can use for the protocol converter ports are listed in the section on the TRMDEF statement below 1 3SOFTWARE INSTALLATION To i2. Rev 01 CHAPTER 2 USING E3270 2 1THEORY OF OPERATION To understand how E3270 works familiarize yourself with the following illustration serial ports telephone lin lt Proto X Alpha lt col IBM Micro lt gt Mainframe Conver ter serial ports lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL E3270 is a program that runs in your job partition When you use the E3270 command your terminal is connected to one of the ports on the protocol converter using what we call a virtual circuit When you type a key on your keyboard the character generated by that key is rerouted by E3270 to a port connected to the protocol converter and transmitted out that port to the protocol converter When the protocol converter transmits a character to the Alpha Micro port that character is received by E3270 and rerouted to the port connected to your terminal This rerouting of characters is the virtual circuit Because character translation between terminal types is done automatically by E3270 the virtual circuit makes the terminal appear to be connected directly to the protocol converter The primary tasks of E3270 are to manage these virtual circuits allocate them among
3. 1 Determine the type of protocol needed This is a critical step and is best accomplished by talking to the system programmers at the host IBM computer site Talking to other people may give distorted or incorrect answers First make sure you need IBM 3278 type display stations terminals Second determine whether the IBM host protocol is BISYNC or SNA These two protocols are incompatible with each other In other words if the host supports only BISYNC and you purchase an SNA protocol converter the product will never work Some sites support both BISYNC and SNA but the 3278 display stations actually use BISYNC protocols Also beware of the site that uses BISYNC but is planning to upgrade to the more modern SNA protocol In this case you would want to purchase a protocol converter you can upgrade from BISYNC to SNA 2Determine the number of 3278 display stations needed on the Alpha Micro as noted above If you cannot find the exact number until the system is in use you may want a protocol converter that can be expanded Many protocol converters allow you to start with one or two 3278 display stations and expand up to eight or more If you are starting with more than eight larger protocol converters allow expansion up to thirty two or more display stations 3 The protocol converter must support Televideo 925 terminals The protocol converter you use with E3270 must support Televideo 925 terminals most do E3270 translates the TVI 925 s
4. users making requests and reroute and translate the characters going through the virtual circuit E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 2 2 Chapter Two 2 2USING E3270 To start E3270 at command level type E3270 REN If a protocol converter port is available E3270 establishes a virtual circuit and connects you to the protocol converter immediately If the IBM host mainframe is up and the telephone connection established between the protocol converter and the IBM host you can log onto the mainframe If a port is available E3270 clears the terminal screen and displays the message Port available session beginning This message displays for two seconds the screen clears again and you are on line with the IBM mainframe See Section 2 3 Establishing a Session with the Mainframe In most situations that s all there is to using E3270 Once the host mainframe session has started the function keys on the Alpha terminal are remapped to 3278 display station function keys Your terminal acts like a 3270 terminal not an Alpha Micro terminal To end the session and return to AMOS press C _ E3270 clears the screen and places you at AMOS command level If all the protocol converter ports are in use when you run E3270 the following menu displays All ports in use 1 Wait on a free port 2 Notify when port becomes available 3 Return to AMOS Enter option number Type the number for the choice you want The options a
5. with E3270 due to the characteristics of the AM 1400 7AM 1600 all ports Only the ports attached to the protocol converter as described later in this chapter need to support hardware flow control The ports the terminals are attached to do not Therefore the number of hardware flow control ports you need equals the maximum number of display stations you want at any one time The total number of ports you need on the Alpha Micro equals the number of terminals you have regardless of whether you want to use them as display stations plus the number of ports attached to the protocol converter the maximum number of display stations In addition to having the correct hardware the Alpha Micro operating system and interface drivers IDVs must also support hardware flow control This is discussed in detail in the software installation section 1 1 4Connections and Cabling The diagram below illustrates how to connect the protocol converter and the Alpha Micro computer E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 1 4 Chapter One serial ports telephone lin lt Proto X Alpha lt col IBM Micro lt gt Mainframe Conver ter serial ports lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAL lt gt ALPHA MICRO TERMINAI
6. E3270 Display Station Emulator ALPHA MICROS YS TEMS RIGHT FROM THE ST DSM 00061 01 1995 Alpha Microsystems REVISIONS INCORPORATED REVISION DATE 00 June 1988 01 May 1990 E3270 Installation and User s Manual To re order this document request part number DSO 0006 1 00 This Document applies to E3270 Version 3 0 The information contained in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable However no responsibility for the accuracy completeness or use of this information is assumed by Alpha Microsystems This document may contain references to products covered under U S Patent Number 4 530 048 The following are registered trademarks of Alpha Microsystems Santa Ana CA 92799 AMIGOS AMOS Alpha Micro AlphaACCOUNTING AlphaBASIC AlphaCALC AlphaCOBOL AlphaDDE AlphaFORTRAN 77 AlphaLAN AlphaLEDGER AlphaMAIL AlphaMATE AlphaNET AlphaPASCAL AlphaRJE AlphaWRITE CASELODE OmniBASIC VER A TEL VIDEOTRAX The following are trademarks of Alpha Microsystems Santa Ana CA 92799 AlphaBASIC PLUS AlphaVUE AM PC AMTEC DART ESP MULTI inSight am inFront am All other copyrights and trademarks are the property of their respective holders ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS 2722 S Fairview St P O Box 25059 Santa Ana CA 92799 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INSTALLATION 1 1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS AND INSTALLATION 1 1 1 1 1 Determining the Number of Display Stations 1 1 1 1 2 Selecting a Protocol Conve
7. ardware flow control Depending on your computer use one of the following IDVs 1AM355 IDV All ports on the AM 1500 or AM 2000 2AM1003 IDV Ports 5 and 6 on the AM 334 expansion board for the AM 1000 3AM145 IDV All ports on the AM 2000M 4AM185 IDV All ports on the AM 3000 5AM1006 IDV Ports 5 through 12 on the AM 337 expansion board for the AM 1000 6AM1203 IDV The eight expansion ports 5 through 12 on the AM 1200 7AM130 IDV Port 1 on the AM 1400 8AM135 IDV All ports on the AM 1600 Other serial I O ports sold by Alpha Micro do not support hardware flow control Third party I O port expansion products may support hardware flow control but the IDVs for those products must be written to support the COMSET and COMINT monitor calls COMSET supports hardware flow control COMINT supports user defined interrupt service routines Aloha Micro does not supply IDVs for third party I O port expansion products The third parameter 19200 in this case sets the baud rate for the port This must match the baud rate the protocol converter is set to E3270 does not change this baud rate it is up to you to set it correctly The remaining parameters do not matter to the operation of E3270 E3270 does not use a terminal driver on the protocol converter ports and does not use the input and output line buffers specified in the last three parameters You must include valid entries for these parameters or you will receive an error during bootup but it does no
8. command See Section 1 3 Too many protocol converter ports being defined The limit on the number of protocol converter ports is 64 The limit on the number of jobs using a port or waiting on a port is also 64 3 2E3270 ERROR MESSAGES 1 2E3270 cannot be run before the system is finished booting The final SYSTEM command must be executed before you can run E3270 otherwise the PROTOC SYS system memory module is not initialized correctly E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 3 2 Chapter Three 2 Out of free JCB queue entries in PROTOC SYS Too many jobs are using protocol converter ports or too many jobs are waiting for ports The number of jobs waiting to use ports plus the number of jobs actually using ports cannot exceed 64 3 PROTOC LIT must be run before the system is finished booting PROTOC is used to reserve ports for E3270 to establish virtual circuits with If PROTOC is not executed E3270 cannot run 4 PROTOC SYS not found in system memory PROTOC SYS contains all the data structures used to maintain and allocate virtual circuits to the protocol converter E3270 cannot run without this module loaded into system memory E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 E3270 Display Station Emulator Installation and User s Manual Document History Revision Date Description 01 05 90 Updated for release 3 0 add PIC encoding 00 06 88 New document for initial release E3270 User s Manual Rev 01
9. evice SSD The SSD is different for each computer so the PIC is unique to each installation To enter the PIC 1At AMOS command level type E3270 2A prompt appears requesting the PIC Type it in being careful to use the exact characters including dashes and capitalization That s all there is to it You are asked for the PIC only the first time you use E3270 after installation While you are entering the PIC all other users on the computer are momentarily suspended This is normal they will resume after the PIC is processed E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 1 8 Chapter One 1 3 3Keyboard Translation Files The AM62A PCX file copied to DSKO 7 0 during E3270 installation is a function key translation file for the AM 62A terminal keyboard It determines which of the keys on an AM 62A keyboard are used for the various 3278 display station functions If you use another type of terminal with a different function key layout than the AM 62A you must generate a function key translation file for it The file name must be XXXXXX PCX where XXXXXX is the name of the terminal driver for the terminal s port This file must be in DSKO 7 0 If it isn t the terminal s keys will not work correctly Available keyboard overlays show the 3278 functions for the various keys on AM 62 62A 65 72 and 75 terminals These are available only in English We do not have keyboard overlays for other vendor s terminals E3270 User s Manual
10. nstall E3270 log into OPR DSKO 1 2 and copy the software from the VCR tape to your system disk This places the following files in the indicated disk accounts Account Files DSKO0 1 4 E3270 LIT A3270 LIT PROTOC LIT PROTOC SYS PROTOC RTI E32000 OVR RTI LIT DSKO0 7 0 AM62A PCX After installing the software you must modify your system initialization command file as described in the next section 1 3 1Changing the System Initialization Command File E3270 requires changes to your system initialization command file as described in the following sections Do not change your initialization file directly Make a copy of the file and change the copy You can then use MONTST to test your changes Once you are sure your modifications are correct rename the copy so it is your standard initialization file 1 3 1 1 TRMDEF Statements You must add a TRMDEF command to your initialization file for each port connected to the protocol converter A sample TRMDEF command could look like this TRMDEF PROTO1 AM355 1 19200 ALPHA 100 100 100 The first parameter PROTO1 here names the port connected to the protocol converter Since these are not regular terminal ports we recommend a name noticeably different from a regular terminal name E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 1 6 Chapter One The second parameter AM355 here names the interface driver or serial port controller As noted before this must be an IDV that supports h
11. o have the protocol converter perform certain functions Some common functions are 1 Port reset Used when you cannot establish character synchronization 21nteractive Mode Used when you need to reconfigure the protocol converter This is only required if the mainframe network changes or additional ports are added to the protocol converter for Alpha Micro lines The exact use of these commands depends on your particular protocol converter consult the documentation for your model Be very careful when you use interactive mode with the protocol converter this mode is used to reconfigure the mainframe network parameters and may lead to problems establishing a session with the host system E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 CHAPTER 3 SUMMARY OF ERRORS Both PROTOC and E3270 display error messages Below is an alphabetical listing of those error messages and tips on how to recover from those situations 3 1PROTOC ERROR MESSAGES lg Terminal is attached to a job None of the ports passed to PROTOC can be used for anything other than protocol converter ports Do not use those ports in an ATTACH command Terminal name is a duplicate A port name passed to PROTOC as an argument has already been reserved for use as a protocol converter port This could be in the same command line orin a previous PROTOC command Terminal name not defined by a TRMDEF All ports used to connect to the protocol converter must be defined using a TRMDEF
12. pecific control characters to Alpha Micro s standard TCRT codes This allows E3270 to be independent of the particular terminal you use 4 The protocol converter must support hardware flow control If it does not data loss will occur and screen displays will not appear correctly The protocol converter ports on the Alpha Micro must also support hardware flow control See the next section These are the facts you must consider when buying the protocol converter Once you have the protocol converter you can turn your attention to the Alpha Micro E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Installation Page 1 3 1 1 3Choosing an Alpha Micro Computer Because the protocol converter transmits and receives large amounts of screen data the Alpha Micro computer must support hardware flow control All Alpha Micro computers except S 100 bus products have some number of ports that do so In general these ports on the various Alpha Micro computers support hardware flow control 1VME systems AM 1500 AM 2000 and AM 3000 all ports Ports on the AM 350 Intelligent I O Controller support hardware flow control only with Phase Ill or later of the AM 350 software 2AM 2000M all ports 3AM 1000 using the AM 334 expansion module only ports 5 and 6 4AM 1000 using the AM 337 expansion module all expansion ports 5 through 12 5AM 1200 expansion ports 5 though 12 only 6AM 1400 port 1 only while this port does not have hardware flow control it functions
13. re 1 Wait on a free port This option clears the screen and displays this message Waiting for port The message remains on your screen until a port becomes available When a port becomes available you see the message EMULATION PORT NOW AVAILABLE E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Using E3270 Page 2 3 followed by Port available session beginning And you are on line with the IBM mainframe as described above At any time if you want to quit waiting for a port and return to AMOS command level press craL _ 2Notify when port becomes available This option returns you to AMOS command level and you can use any other programs or commands you want When someone quits E3270 and frees up a protocol converter port the message EMULATION PORT NOW AVAILABLE displays on your screen The message doesn t corrupt any of the data on the screen or any disk files If you are in an application such as AlphaWRITE or AlphaVUE you can redisplay the screen to clear the message When you complete what you are working on and are ready to establish a connection with the IBM host enter the E3270 command You are given the port and a virtual circuit is established immediately No one else can use the port while you are finishing the task you were working on the port is reserved for you until you are ready 3Return to AMOS This option terminates E3270 and returns you to AMOS command level A por
14. rter AA 1 2 1 1 3 Choosing an Alpha Micro Computer 1 3 1 1 4 Connections and Cabling a 1 3 1 2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 4 aces weak ny amang es ae xe 1 5 1 3 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION 35 2 3244 22 2d eae GAGA fake 1 5 1 3 1 Changing the System Initialization Command File 1 5 1 3 1 1 TRMDEF Statements 004 1 5 1 3 1 2 Loading PROTOC SYS aennanananan anaana 1 6 1 3 1 3 Designating Protocol Converter Ports 1 7 1 3 2 Enteting the PIG maa aaa ba a KG Taka o a a 1 7 1 3 3 Keyboard Translation PIGS na e244 NAA fee se weet 1 8 CHAPTER 2 USING E3270 2 1 THEORY OF OPERATION 2 saa HUMANGA BULAGA RAE eA 2 1 2 2 USINGIHES2 70 20 240 fae etal pete lod ia ele agit donee Ries 2 2 2 3 ESTABLISHING A SESSION WITH THE MAINFRAME 2 3 2 4 SPECIAL COMMANDS DIRECTED TO THE PROTOCOL CONVERTER 1s esc faa ka ek dae be eat 2 4 CHAPTER 3 SUMMARY OF ERRORS 3 1 PROTOC ERROR MESSAGES 0 00000 e eee eee eee 3 1 3 2 E3270 ERROR MESSAGES fc ak oad es aes eee ara Sa ew ats 3 1 E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 INTRODUCTION E3270 provides a connection between an Alpha Micro AMOS computer and an IBM mainframe allowing you to use a terminal on the Alpha Micro as a 3278 IBM display station E3270 maps function keys on the Alpha Micro keyboard to 3278 functions such as program function keys PF1 through PF24 program attention keys PA1
15. s The first step in selecting the hardware you need is determining the number of 3278 display stations you want attached to the Alpha Micro since this affects both the selection of the protocol converter and the number of ports you need on the Alpha Micro The important number is the maximum number of display stations you want at any one time Because of the way E3270 works if you want one terminal used as a display station in the morning and a different terminal used in the afternoon for example this counts as one 3278 not two Only terminals actually being used as display stations occupy a port on the protocol converter Once you have this number you can determine the equipment you need E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 1 2 Chapter One 1 1 2Selecting a Protocol Converter A E3270 functions by using a protocol converter between the Alpha Micro and the IBM mainframe The protocol converter translates the BISYNC or SNA protocols used by the IBM mainframe into ASCII asynchronous protocols the Alpha understands Choose a protocol converter by following the guidelines below Alpha Micro supports its dealers in this area by providing telephone consultation in both pre and post sales situations The following discussion refers only to IBM 3278 display stations E3270 also supports Burroughs poll select and Univac Uniscope terminals Make sure your protocol converter is compatible with the type of display station you want to emulate
16. t is not reserved for you and you are not notified when one becomes available You must run E3270 again to find out if any ports are available If none are available you can select option 1 or 2 at that time to wait for a port or be notified when one is available 2 3ESTABLISHING After typing 1 the virtual c A SESSION WITH THE MAINFRAME E3270 on your terminal and entering emulation mode you are connected to ircuit To establish character synchronization with the protocol converter press on your terminal until you get a response from the protocol converter You should see either the TeleVideo 925 status line or a prompt asking if TeleVideo 925 mode is O K Once you have established character synchronization you can log on to the mainframe The exact logon procedure depends on the application you are accessing When you fi nish your session with the mainframe be sure to complete the necessary logoff procedures Most mainframe systems keep track of system use by LOGON ID If you do not og off the session you may prevent others from establishing a session or E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Page 2 4 Chapter Two you may be billed for session time So be sure to become familiar with the logoff procedures and log off after each session this will keep you in good standing with the network administrators 2 4SPECIAL COMMANDS DIRECTED TO THE PROTOCOL CONVERTER When you are in emulation mode you can issue commands t
17. t matter what they are 1 3 1 2Loading PROTOC SYS The memory module PROTOC SYS contains data structures used to control access to the protocol converter ports You must load this module in system memory To do so put this statement in your initialization file anywhere before the final SYSTEM command SYSTEM PROTOC SYS E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 Installation Page 1 7 1 3 1 3Designating Protocol Converter Ports At some point in your system initialization file before the final SYSTEM command you must reserve the protocol converter ports for use by E3270 You do this using the PROTOC command The following sample reserves three ports for E3270 PROTOC PROTO1 PROTO2 PROTO3 Ports reserved using PROTOC cannot be used as terminal ports If a job is attached to one of them PROTOC displays an error message You may enter more than one PROTOC command if you want to reserve more ports than fit on one PROTOC command line If you use the PROTOC command after the final SYSTEM command for example if you type it from your keyboard after bootup it displays the names of the ports reserved for the protocol converter For example PROTOC These are the ports assigned to the protocol converter PROTO1 PROTO2 PROTO3 End of protocol converter port list 1 3 2Entering the PIC After modifying your initialization file you need to enter the Product Installation Code PIC for your system E3270 is protected by a Software Security D
18. through PA4 system request reset and many others E3270 is simple to use and install providing a quick and cost effective way to connect to IBM mainframes This manual contains three short chapters reflecting the simplicity of the product Once the product is in use there is no need for operator maintenance or reconfiguration E3270 CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS E3270 allows you to use terminals on an Alpha Micro AMOS computer as IBM 3270 SNA BISYNC terminals attached to an IBM mainframe It also supports Burroughs poll select and Univac Uniscope terminals E3270 does not support other types of communications devices such as Remote Job Entry stations Also it does not support 3279 color display stations or any 3270 family display station with graphic character sets E3270 User s Manual Rev 01 CHAPTER 1 INSTALLATION Installing E3270 to connect an Alpha Micro AMOS computer to an IBM mainframe requires you to do the following 1Choose the correct protocol converter to connect the Alpha Micro to the IBM mainframe 2Make sure the Alpha Micro computer you want to use supports the E3270 connection 3 Connect the Alpha Micro to the IBM mainframe via the protocol converter 41nstall the E3270 software and modify the Alpha Micro s system initialization file to support the software The following sections discuss each of these steps 1 1HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS AND INSTALLATION 1 1 1Determining the Number of Display Station
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