Home

proVISION-XS PIV User Manual

1. About proVISION XS The License info item shows a dialog box with the license capabilities such as 3D and calibration proVISION XS Users Manual Al proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 3 The proVISION XS Database 3 1 Overview The proVISION XS database is organized hierarchically as in the picture below Each directory level has a different meaning and contains both files and sub folders The database is identified by the file provision mdb which is stored in the root directory DB Root in the picture Then the following database levels are session calibration acquisition and analysis Each level directory shares its configuration settings with all its sub levels sub directories No Calibration On Line Acquisition Analysis 000 Analysis 001 Acquisition 1 Analysis 000 Calibration 1 On Line Acquisition Analysis 000 Analysis 001 42 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 3 2 The database structure 3 2 1 Database Root The database root is the directory which identifies the database among other hard disk directories The directory contains configuration files and sessions folders The files contained in the root directory are shown in the table below Root The file identifies that the current directories is a proVISION proVISION mdb database Without this file the database cannot be opened by
2. seesseeseeesseeseesenessnesrnssrisstietrnntrnnttnnntnnnrnnnnnnnt 64 5 4 2 sharpVISION settings eeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeensseeenstnsstrsstnssresstnnstensrensrenstnenstensrensrnnsnnnsrnnnt 66 5 4 3 Megaplus Settings ccccccceceeceeseeceeeceeeeeeeeceeeeeeaaeeeeaeeseeeeseaeeseaaeseeneeessaeeeeaesseneeseas 68 5 4 4 Memory MotionPro X Y M only 70 DAS Imaga EE 71 DAG elle TELE 73 5 5 THE LASER TIMING SETUP ccceseececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeueneeeeeeeeeaeaeaeneeeeeeeeeeees 74 E lis ee 74 Bib Oe dE NEE 76 5 5 3 DPSS Q Switch double Laser 83 5 5 4 DPSS Q Switch Single Laser 86 5 5 5 Pulsed Diode Laser GIL 89 5 5 6 Sub mode and Output Mode ccceeeeeseeceeeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeaeeeeeeeseeeeseaeeseeeeseas 92 5 5 7 Mechanical shutter SharpVISION 0 ceeecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeecaeeeeaaeeeeeeeseaeeesaeeseneeenaes 94 5 6 THE MOTOR SETTINGS asitie ea aeaa Kaa ventas naib Kaak 95 5 6 1 Motors Confioguration 95 5 6 2 Motors Property et EE 96 5 7 SAVING CALIBRATION HE 98 5 7 1 Save Calibration Images Wizard cccccceeeseeeeneeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeneeseeeeesaeeetaeeseeeeseaees 100 5 7 2 Import Calibration Images AAA 103 5 8 ACQUIRING AND SAVINGIMAGES 104 5 8 1 Setting Up the Camera svsiem 104 5 8 2 Record E ue EE 105 5 8 3 Saving images with on board memory cameras MotionPro Zi 108 5 8 4 Saving images with other cameras sharpVISION and Megaplus s seseessee
3. Image Selection Playback View Speed Ale ll Se Stride 2 gt REF Sl Fast UEProcess al Step 1 3 DEL 1 KI S E EA Ready x 1016 Y 0960 DI Pixel value 0 0h 114 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 10 1 1 Build Mask Image If the Build Mask Image button is pressed the following dialog box appears Build Mask Image MASKED areas are BLACK NON MASKED areas are WHITE Configuration Samples 1 3 Threshold 156 Build Ceu i The picture shows the image of a nozzle in horizontal position In the mask image white pixels are transparent while black pixels hide the nozzle from acquired images In this case any grid point located on the nozzle surface will not be correlated the masking avoids errors generated by the reflections of the laser light on the nozzle surface The mask images may be created from a single image or from the average of more images Samples The resulting image is converted to binary using a threshold value that goes from 0 to 255 The image may also be reversed e g black pixels are converted to white and vice versa If more than one image is used for masking the average is generated by pressing the Build button then the images are acquired and the average is shown in the preview window proVISION XS Users Manual 115 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 10 1 2 Save Mask Image The dialog box
4. 144 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Calibration Dialog Generic Calibration Grid Size mm 60 000 Grid Nodes Grid Mode Grid Color Ka G i Perspective Tue e Same Calibration Target Thickness 07 A Z positions mm 1 0 70 Once the grid handles are in the correct position the user enters some parameters Grid Size X Y the user enters the dimensions in mm of the grid distance between the grid corners The distance between the points of the calibration target is known The values are in mm 1 inch 25 4 mm Grid Nodes X Y the user enters the number of nodes in the grid The minimum is 4 while the maximum is 20 The number of nodes depends on the calibration target Grid Mode see 2d generic calibration Perspective Type see above Calibration target thickness this parameter is useful if the perspective type is Opposite lon this case the parameter allows computing the correct position of the flow plane Z positions the positions of the calibration target can be reviewed and changed if necessary proVISION XS Users Manual 145 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 7 Batch Mode Processing 6 7 1 Overview Series of image sequences may be processed in batch mode The batch configuration window is activated when the Batch button on the main toolbar is pressed
5. Grid Size mm 40 000 Grid Nodes Grid Mode Free Grid Color Once the grid handles are in the correct position the user enters some parameters Grid Size X Y the user enters the dimensions in mm of the grid distance between the grid corners The distance between the points of the calibration target is known The values are in mm 1 inch 25 4 mm Grid Nodes X Y the user enters the number of nodes in the grid The minimum is 4 while the maximum is 20 The number of nodes depends on the calibration target Grid Mode see above proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 6 3 Multiple View Images 3D Multiple view images are the result of the tiling of the images of two or more cameras The images are horizontally tiled The calibration of multiple view images allows the reconstruction of the 3D components of the velocity vectors 6 6 3 1 Simplified calibration The picture below shows the scenario of a simplified calibration procedure Two calibration grids are shown In multiple view images the perspective distortion is on and the grid rectangles need to be distorted to fit over the calibration target pictures However the vertical target lines need to be vertical in the correspondent image The parameters edited by the user are similar to the ones described in the single view paragraph Two focal lengths are required two cameras and
6. 5 1 9 Dual Camera Layout Single Stereo Window If the system is used in the stereo mode it is more convenient to tile the two stereo pair images from each camera into a single window This is accomplished in step 5 of camera proVISION XS Users Manual 59 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 60 wizard The resulting window is shown as an example in the figure below The commands and controls remain the same for both cameras and configurations are identical ke proVISION XS DB Setup _No_Calib _On_Line Cameras AB MotionPro X3 File Edit Image Filter PI Camera Ven Tools Window Help oa uo e dee View Image Mesh Vectors Origin Mesh Calibration Mask Images Stride 1 lt Step 1 lt Reference 000000 v Delay oo0000 w 0482 Y 0631 Ef Pixel Value 87 57h The main advantage of the single tile image in the 3D mode is that saving and restoring the images is done as if there was a single image The image mode 2D 3D is coded onto the image file itself such that the images are saved opened as 2D 3D automatically proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 2 The camera Toolbar The Camera Toolbar is displayed across the main window under the Main Buttons Bar and is visible only when the camera windows are open Camera Toolbar Camera ToolBar Toggle Camera Pad press this button to show or hide the camera pad
7. Advanced The advanced button opens the Advanced Acquisitions Configuration dialog The colored bar depicts the available memory and its usage by the camera See the Recording Setup paragraph proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 5 Image Layout Image Layout Camera Settings Settings Memory Image Layout Histagram _ Active Camera Camera v Orientation ROI C Flip Vertical XOign 0 _ Flip Horizontal Y Origin Rotation Width None Edit ROI Orientation For each camera view more than one if a multiple camera window is open the user may select some orientation parameters The image may be flipped horizontally vertically or rotated by 90 180 and 270 degrees ROI See below Region of Interest Selection The cameras have a Partial Windowing capability that can be selected and set via the software interface Using this setting a region of interest for the image that is less than the total available area of the sensor may be selected This region can be interactively adjusted and can occupy any area of the sensor s active pixels To set a ROI the user has to click the Edit ROI button on the Image Layout tab The dialog box below is displayed and the region can be selected by setting the numerical values for its origin and dimensions or by dragging the handles of the box that highlights the ROI within the sensor area
8. Output Mode the output mode controls how the laser pulses are sent to the output channels The values are A 2 pulses on 1 channel the signal sent to the laser outputs is made of two pulses for first and second exposure See the picture below Internal Clock gt K Rate Laser Triggers Intensifiers B 1 pulse on 1 channel the Trigger A signal receives the first pulse and the Trigger B signal receives the second pulse The two pulses are sent to two different outputs See the picture below Internal Clock gt K Rate Laser Trigger A Laser Trigger B Intensifiers C 1 pulse on 2 channels instead of sending two pulses each laser signal receives a single pulse whose duration is the sum of the pulse separation and the duration See the picture below 92 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Internal Clock gt K Rate Laser Triggers Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual 93 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 7 Mechanical shutter sharpVISION If the sharpVISION camera is supplied with a mechanical shutter and the Use Shutter option is active on the Camera Setup dialog box the timing signals for the laser and camera triggering are adjusted This option can be activated only if the timing device is a Timing Box with PCI 6602 board and in the configur
9. 9 4 2 Nonlinear filters A nonlinear filter replaces each pixel with a nonlinear function of its surrounding pixels Like the convolution filters the nonlinear filters operate on a neighborhood A Median filter is a nonlinear low pass filter that assigns to each pixel the median value of its neighborhood effectively reducing isolated pixels and reducing details However the median filter does not blur the contour of objects A Maximum Filter is a nonlinear filter that assigns to each pixel the maximum value of pixels in its neighborhood This has the effect to increase the contrast of the image A Dilation of an image is a particular case of max filter The output pixel is set to the maximum of the corresponding input pixel and its 8 neighbors The effect of dilation is to fill up holes and to thicken boundaries of objects on a dark background that is objects whose pixel values are greater than those of the background A Minimum Filter is a nonlinear filter that assigns to each pixel the minimum value of pixels in its neighborhood This has the effect to decrease the contrast of the image An Erosion of an image is a particular case of min filter The output pixel is set to the minimum of the corresponding input pixel and its 8 neighbors The effect of erosion is to remove spurious pixels such as noise and to thin boundaries of objects on a dark background that is objects whose pixel values are greater than those of the background
10. Once the ROI is configured only the active portion of the images are acquired and displayed It is important to note that the maximum framing rate of the camera is inversely proportional to the number of rows in the ROI proVISION XS Users Manual 71 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Edit Region of Interest E See Resolution 800 x 600 Center ROI Reset ROI XOngin 112 Y Origin 212 Max Width 1024 Width 800 Height 600 Max Hecht 1024 Max Rate 1136 fps The ROI Dialog box allows the user to select the camera Region of Interest The parameters are the coordinates of the origin X and Y and the width and height of the region All the values expressed are in pixels The user may set the ROI by editing the values or dragging the handles of the red rectangle Resolution the user may select one of the resolutions in the list or select User and edit the values in the edit boxes Center ROI if this button is pressed the current ROI is centered Reset ROI if this button is pressed the current ROI is reset to the maximum value Max Rate for each ROI the maximum acquisition rate is shown After the ROI is set the selected region will appear in the main viewing window To resize the image to the screen area as in the image below choose Fit to Window from the menu bar 72 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 6 Histogram His
11. Correlation map The window above shows in real time the raw data of the correlated area while the picture below shows the correlation peak If the correlation map is active the correlation computation is slower The user may select the computation speed by using the slider 134 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 5 Masking Masking is operated using a binary image overlapped to the acquired images The mask image pixels may be white or black white pixels are transparent while black ones hide the corresponding points of the image When the correlation is done the points of the mesh that are over a mask point are not calculated Masking is activated when the ON OFF button in the Mask control group is set to the ON position The Mask control group is in the PIV horizontal toolbar The picture below shows the buttons Edit Mask Import Load Mask Image Mask Buttons ON OFF Turns the mask on and off Edit Mask Opens the Mask pad and starts the editing of the mask image Build Mask Image Build a mask image from current image see Camera Save Mask Image Saves the current mask image Loads a mask image from the current acquisition directory or Import Load mask Image import it from another directory proVISION XS Users Manual 135 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 5 1 Edit Mask When the Edit Mask button is pressed the Mask Pad
12. Current Camera Timing Device 0001 Pulsed Diode v Edit IP Address To continue click Next Cancel Each camera can be connected to one of the available timing devices The devices are listed in the combo box below the cameras list Each device is listed with a Timing ID and a type that has been configured in the Timing Devices Configuration dialog box proVISION XS Users Manual 53 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry When a Giga Ethernet camera is powered up it does not have an IP address The software can enumerate it but it cannot retrieve specific information such as camera model and serial number In this case the camera is shown in the list with a red circle The user has three options 1 Click the Edit IP address button and manually assign an IP address Edit IP Address Camera 1001 MAC Address 00 11 1C 00 02 3E IP Address 192 168 3 254 Test IP Address The user may edit and test the camera IP address By pressing the Test IP address button the user sends a PING command to the specified address and checks if it is available 2 Click the Automatically button and run a procedure that automatically sets an IP address to all the enumerated Giga Ethernet cameras 3 Click Next and open the camera anyway In this fashion the software will automatically assign an IP address and open the camera The configuration of the Giga Ethernet c
13. EI v Import Mesh Min and Max Coordinates the mesh boundaries may be interactively set using the mouse cursor by dragging it to position and using the white handles to resize it The edit boxes may be used to achieve precision in the positioning Mesh Nodes the number of nodes on the X and Y axis may be changed by clicking the spin buttons on the right side of the Nodes edit boxes Mesh Auto Spacing if this button is checked the program provides automatically the optimal number of mesh points Stretch the mesh can be stretched both in X and Y directions Rotation the mesh can be rotated clockwise or counter clockwise by clicking the spin buttons on the right side of the Rotation edit box Valid rotation angles are from 90 to 90 degrees Each step is 0 1 degrees and the rotation axis is located on the upper left corner of the grid Mode the combo box allows selecting how the points of the mesh may be handled Zoom the mesh handles are on the four corners When one of them is dragged the mesh is zoomed Free the handles appear on each point of the mesh boundaries When one of these points is dragged only the points of the relative row column are affected proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Constrained the mesh handles are on the four corners When one of them is dragged the mesh is distorted Restore rectangle when this button is pressed a rec
14. Select Image area the user may save only a portion of the full image area by selecting a Region of Interest The procedure is similar to the ROI configuration in proVISION XS Frame rate if the selected format is AVI the playback rate may be edited The default is 10 fps Draw Frame if the option is checked a white frame is drawn around the saved vectors image IMPORTANT NOTE Before the Save vectors to file button is clicked the user must select two parameters that affect the resulting file View Image if the user wants to superpose the vectors to the acquired images this option must be selected Zoom factor the image will be saved with the selected zoom factor proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 10 Edit the Users List Users Users List User Name Comment 2 Guest Generic User New User lt gt One of the parameters set when a camera session is started in proVISION is the user The users list may be edited in the Explorer Add Press this button to add a user to the list A dialog box allows entering the new name and comment Edit Press this button to edit a user of the list The Guest user cannot be deleted Delete Press this button the delete a user from the list The Guest user cannot be deleted proVISION XS Users Manual 173 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 11 Edit the Explorer o
15. fhte user enters a new calibration name and presses OK a new folder is created and the images and settings are copied into it If the image size is different from the current camera size the images are resized and the resolution may be lost Be sure that the calibration images have been acquired with the same camera model or with a camera with the same resolution proVISION XS Users Manual 103 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 8 Acquiring and saving Images 5 8 1 Setting Up the camera system Before any camera acquisition the camera and laser parameters need to be adjusted The camera acquisition modes that can be set depend on the state of the laser 1 If the laser is OFF the cameras can operate in continuous mode In this mode the camera acquires at internal rate and there is no synchronization between cameras and the laser If the laser is turned ON the camera can operate in Triggered mode one trigger pulse corresponds to one exposure e g one image or in Triggered Double Exposure mode one trigger pulse corresponds to a double exposure e g two images 1 In triggered mode the user may control the camera exposure The values go from a minimum the necessary time to see both the laser shots in one image to a maximum the pulse train period 2 In double exposure the first image exposure can be controlled while the second has a fixed duration which is determined by the camera read out time The laser s
16. proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 2 Exported API The PIV custom DLL must export three functions Cor_GetInfo this routine returns information parameters from the DLL such as versions name and company Cor_Correlate this routine correlates the input data and returns the results Cor_Validate this routine validates the input data and sets the flags 184 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 2 1 Cor Getlnto void WINAPI Cor_GetInfo PCORLIB_INFO plnfo Return values None Parameters plnfo specifies the pointer to a COR_INFO structure Remarks The routine fills the COR_INFO structure with information about the library such as minor version major version library name and company name proVISION XS Users Manual 185 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 2 2 Cor Correlate void WINAPI Cor_Correlate unsigned char pReferenceData unsigned char pDelayData int nBitsPerPixel int nlmgWidth int nlmgHeight int nReferencex int nReferenceY int nDelayX int nDelayY int nDelayOffsetx int nDelayOffsetY int nCorre lSize double pResultX double pResultY unsigned int pResultFlag unsigned int pResultCorrelSize Return values None Parameters pReferenceData Specifies a pointer to the reference image data buffer pDelayData Specifies a pointer to the delay image data buffer nBitsPerPixel Specifies the pixel depth of the image nimgWiadth speci
17. proVISION XS software National Instruments NI IMAQ software SE National Instruments DAQ software Tecplot V 9 0 or V 10 0 proVISION XS Users Manual 13 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 1 5 Megaplus Camera 14 Megaplus Camera and MotionPro Timing Hub Computer PC with at least 1 USB 2 0 port and 1 PCI slot available Roper Scientific Megaplus camera model ES 1 0 or ES 4 0 Camera National Instrument IMAQ PCI 1422 Frame Grabber Timing MotionPro Timing Hub USB 2 0 Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens High density DB68 to DB100 cable for the camera Cables USB 2 0 cable Timing Hub Trigger cable for the camera proVISION XS software SES Tecplot V 9 0 Megaplus Camera and NI 6602 Timing Board Computer PC with at least 2 PCI slot available Roper Scientific Megaplus camera model ES 1 0 or ES 4 0 Camere National Instrument IMAQ PCI 1422 Frame Grabber Ea National Instruments 6602 PCI board Timing IDT External Timing Unit Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens High density DB68 to DB100 cable for the camera Cables DB68 to DB68 cable Timing Box Trigger cable for the camera proVISION XS software Software National Instruments DAQ software Tecplot V 9 0 or V 10 0 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 1 6 Laser models proVISION XS currently supports 4 different laser types 1 Nd YAG traditional Nd YA
18. Comment Images acquired in my facilty Session s parameters may be edited They are name user date time camera model and comment Edit Acquisition s parameters Edit Acquisition Parameters Acquisition Name Acquis001 Date 7228 2004 Time 6 05 50 PM Comment Imported images Acquisition s parameters may be edited They are name date time and comment proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 6 Rename calibration and analysis folders Rename Current Name j My Calibration New Name New Cat Name Calibration folders except _No_Calib and analysis folders except AnalysisO00 may be renamed The dialog box shows the current name and allows entering the new name proVISION XS Users Manual 167 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 7 Delete an object The currently highlighted item of the tree view can be deleted by pressing the Delete button in the main toolbar The corresponding directory in the proVISION Database will be deleted The menu item is grayed if the current item cannot be deleted The items that can be deleted are Session each session can be deleted Calibration each calibration except No Cal may be deleted Acquisition each acquisition except _On_Line may be deleted Analysis each analysis except AnalysisO00 m
19. If the model is generic 5 to 31 calibration images need to be saved Save Calibration Image Wizard Z Position Enter the Z position mm for each image Current Camera Group Cameras AB Move the calibration target enter the z position below then click Next Repeat the steps untill all the calibration images have been saved Z Position mm Image 3 02 Total Images 5 Images already saved 2 Progress The user is asked to move the calibration target in the Z direction and input the displacement of each movement The displacement of the first image is 0 Other displacements can be both positive and negative After the user has moved the target and edited the Z position displacement the Next Button can be pressed The program acquires the new image stores it in the calibration directory increases the progress indicator prompts for the next value and so forth When all the images have been acquired the Finish dialog box appears see the paragraph above 102 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 7 2 Import calibration images When the Import Calibration button is pressed in the calibration settings property page the following dialog box appears Import Calibration Image Settings Unload the calibration and return to the No Calibration folder in the current session Point to a calibration folder in the current session Create a new calibr
20. Memory Image Layout Histogram MODE Continuous Sensor Gain No Gain Exposure us 499 Rate Hz 500 v Binning 151 Time Out s 5 0 Pixel Format 8 Bit Upper Background removal Optimal background Pixel Sens Corr F Postittering Current background C Current Background Reload calibration file C Keep Laser light on Mode The default state of the camera at start up is in the Continuous mode This mode is used to arrange the experimental set up In this mode the camera does not require a trigger input signal The other camera modes Triggered single Triggered double and Double exposure require an external trigger input The MotionPro Timing Hub provides the trigger input When the laser is off the camera works in continuous mode only when it s ON the user can select the triggered or double exposure mode from the combo box Sensor Gain The camera sensor gain may be adjusted Each camera has 4 different gains the range is No gain to Gain 3 X4 for X4 cameras Exposure The camera exposure may be adjusted The value is in milliseconds The precision is in hundreds of microsecond In triggered mode double the exposure has a minimum value which corresponds to the duration of two laser pulses In double exposure mode the optimal exposure is set and cannot be edited Rate The camera allows the control of the acquisition rate In tr
21. Opening an image is a sequence of erosions followed by dilations The process of opening has the effect of eliminating small and thin objects breaking objects at thin points and generally smoothing the boundaries of larger objects without significantly changing their area Closing an image is a sequence of dilations followed by erosions The process of closing has the effect of filling small and thin holes in objects connecting nearby objects and generally smoothing the boundaries of objects without significantly changing their area 9 4 3 Adding noise to images A random noise signal may be generated and added to an image Two different noise signals may be generated Uniform noise a noise signal with uniform distribution over a range low high Gaussian noise a noise signal with Gaussian distribution that has a specified mean value and a specified standard deviation proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 5 Look up table Transformations The look up table LUT transformations are basic image processing functions that you can use to improve the contrast and the brightness of an image by modifying the dynamic intensity of region with poor contrast LUT transformations can highlight details in areas containing significant information at the expense of other areas A LUT transformation convert input gray level values 8 or 16 bit into other gray level values The transfer function has an int
22. PNG MPT MCF and MRF support both 8 and 10 bit BMP AVI and BLD support 8 bit only Acquisition Folder names If the Automatic generation option is on the folder names cannot be edited The first acquisition directory name defaults to Acquis000 Subsequent acquisitions are stored in sequentially numbered directories ex Acquis000 Acquis001 Acquis002 Otherwise the user may input the folder name before any acquisition proVISION XS Users Manual 107 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 8 3 Saving images with on board memory cameras MotionPro X Y 108 Save Acquisitions Save Acquisition Images Check the acquisitions you want to save in the list below Name Frames Bit In Bit Dut File Type Acquis003 Oto 499 1 8 8 AMI Acquis004 0 to 699 1 8 MPT Automatic acquisition names generation Acquis001 AcquisO02 etc L Selected Acquisition Settings Acquisition Name Comment Third Acquisition File Type Audio Video Interleaved avi Output Pixel Depth gst e From Frame 0 ToFrame 499 Step MotionPro X Y cameras memory can be configured in such a way that more than one acquisition can be done with different parameters and settings The acquired images stored in different areas of the camera memory may be saved on the hard disk later The user may press the Save button on the main toolbar or select the Save Acquisitions item from the F
23. Sub mode is supported by the MotionPro Timing Hub only and will be described in a paragraph below Output mode is not supported The figure below shows the signals configuration Internal Clock gt K Rate Cameras Out Q Switch A on oe eee Q Switch B gt Pulse Separation l l Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 3 2 External Mode DPSS Q Switch double Laser Cfg ID 0001 Omot Pulse Separation ps Emission FREE Be mm alfaslfalfaslfal fala Trigger Laser Cameras mm Internal Mode External Mode External Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Laser Div Phase Del BBE MEE To ellsilslls vi Yvi Time Base ps DUU C Auto The external mode allows for the system to be synchronized by an external clock In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN Because the input clock frequency can be much higher than the rate supported by the laser camera system a frequency divider is available The laser camera frequency is obtained dividing the external frequency by the Laser Div value The phase of the external input signal may be conditioned by a variable delay The delay is adjusted as fractions degrees of the period of the inp
24. The playback speed may be adjusted Default value is Fast 2 L Frame Index It shows the index of the current frame and the number of Playback frames in the sequence Ole ooma G Playback Speed Slow Fast d Frame 2 of 10 proVISION XS Users Manual 47 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 4 3 Saving images in a different format The user may apply any kind of filter and transformation to the image or sequence and then save it in a different format When the Save menu item is selected from the File menu item the dialog box below appears Saving Images Save Image File Save in Dn Une B AnalysisO00 L My Recent Documents Lg Desktop My Documents My Computer K File name Img v 3 My Network Save astype Audio Video Interleaved Dies sl Pixel Depth 8Bit Rate Hz 200 From Frame 1 To Frame 10 Step ROI 0 0 2564256 Save advanced parameters delta T and views Delta T us 3 Number of views 1 The user may browse the hard disk and select the folder where the images will be saved Other parameters may be edited Image Name the image name corresponds to the file name is the sequence is saved in a multi page format such as MPT or AVI If the sequence is saved in single file format such as TIF or BMP the image name is used as prefix of the file name For example I
25. The values are VF_UNVALIDATED raw vector e g not yet tested by the validation routine VF_BAD bad vector e g it needs more computations to be transformed in one of the value below VF_NEAREST_NBR it s the result of a least square interpolation of nearest neighbor VF_RECOMPUTED it has been recomputed by tightening the search for the peak and or by increasing the interrogation region VF_VALID valid data vector VF_NO_DATA no particle detected in the interrogation region VF_DISABLED disabled vector e g no calculations example the point is outside the image or it has been masked proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 3 2 CORLIB_INFO The COORLIB_INFO structure contains information about the custom library typedef struct _CORLIB_INFO unsigned unsigned long nMajorVersion long nMinorVersion char szLibName 64 char szCompany 64 CORLIB_INFO Members nMajorVersion PCORLIB_INFO It specifies the library major version number nMinorVersion It specifies the library minor version number szLibName It specifies the library name for example Custom PIV Library szCompany It specifies the company name for example IDT Inc proVISION XS Users Manual 191 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 3 3 VECTOR_DESCR 192 The vector descriptor typedef struct _VECTOR_DESCR int nPositionx int nPo
26. correlation size and mode are 24 and Adaptive The correlation size may be changed by clicking the Edit button A dialog box allows the user to select the size and the aspect ratio for rectangular correlation windows Error Check the default state of the software enables the verification of the computed vectors using a multi layer check algorithm There is a user set tolerance level of permitted error that may be varied from 1 D less rigorous to 0 1 more rigorous The default which is quite appropriate in most cases is set to 1 0 The algorithm is based on a continuity check by comparing with the displacement values of the nearest neighbors in the selected mesh During the computation of the displacement and validation procedure a qualifier flag that proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry indicates the nature of the measurement affects each data point The flag codes are 0 UN VALIDATED Vector this value indicates a raw vector without being tested by the validation algorithm 1 BAD Vector it is an intermediate code that indicates that the vector needs further computations to be transformed into one of the following values 2 INTERPOLATED Vector this value indicates that the vector is the result of at least square interpolation of nearest neighbors 3 RECOMPUTED Vector this value indicates that the vector is obtained by tightening the sear
27. of display The horizontal tool bar associated with the window shows the name and whether a calibration image and file has been associated with the file To process 3 D files requires a calibration file such that the 3 D reconstruction may be operated The calibration file is generated via a calibration procedure on an image acquired at the beginning of an acquisition session The calibration may be done just after the calibration image is acquired or later prior to processing the image files Accessing the Calibration Settings dialog box carries out this operation The calibration image is recovered by pressing the View Calibration Image button Pressing the Calibrate button will start the calibration process See the Calibration Procedure paragraph in the PIV Processing Tools chapter for a detailed description of the calibration process Once the calibration is done the image files can be processed to generate the velocity fields The input image button is depressed and the calibration image is removed from the overlay showing again the image data with the computation mesh on both stereo pair images At this point the processing is carried out much in the same manner as the 2 D files To note is the fact that in the correlation page there are values for the filter setting and image offsets that are specific to each view As each view produces a 2 D field the results are combined and displayed using the Tecplot data presentation packag
28. 7 3 3 Import data in a proVISION XS database Images acquired with proVISION II or other software tools may be imported in the proVISION XS database If the user selects the Import item from the Tools menu or clicks the Import button in the main toolbar the dialog box below appears proVISION XS Import Wizard Import option Select the Import option Select one of the options below Import generic images Import a session from a proVISION II database To continue press Next i Cancel Two options are available 1 Import generic images acquired images as well as calibration images and settings may be imported in new or existing sessions of the proVISION XS database 2 Import from a proVISION II database proVISION II database session may be converted in the XS format and copied into the current database The session name may be edited 156 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 3 1 Import a session from a proVISION II database If the option 2 is selected the user may locate a proVISION Il database and import a session into the current proVISION XS database proVISION XS Import Wizard Import Session Import a Session from a proVISION II database Press browse to select the session you want to import Browse Session Path e ee C Program Files IDT proVISION DB Seeded Jet 2D Session Name Seeded Jet 2D To continue press Ne
29. 8 no Image Y Contour 12 no Image Name Type YT Contour 4 no Image ZS Filter Name the combo box contains a set of filters Laplacian Prewitt Sobel Average Gaussian Blur Median Minimum and Maximum For each filter a set of types is displayed in the Type list box below the combo box The user may select a filter and press the filter button to add it to the list or the delete button to delete it The list may be cleared by pressing the clear button 128 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 5 Vectors Page Vector PIV Settings A AnalysisO00 Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Vector Lenght Scale Auto Units pixels ms Delta T 47 000 ps Arrow Head Anchor Position Fill Arrow Head O Tail Head Angle Lenght Mid Point 25 ell O Head Computation cut offs Origin Interpolation cut off 20 E e Y Average cut off 5 j Vector Length when the Auto option is selected the program automatically calculates a scaling factor to display the vectors If the option is not selected the user may edit the value The vector units pixels m pixels ms and m s and the Time between laser pulses are also displayed Arrow Head the vector s arrowhead shape may be configured The user may select whether the head has to
30. If a camera session is open the user may compute correlation on acquired images or in live mode The on line processing of images is also allowed For further information refer to the Camera Acquisitions chapter Camera View Tools Window Help wero Mesh gt 4 Previous Pair Calibration D Mask D _ Process Process All lt Q Settings On line Processing Correlation Map proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 6 Camera Menu The camera menu allows the user to operate the camera playback acquired sequences activate the camera settings dialog box copy the camera calibration file and configure the record settings For further information refer to the Camera Acquisitions chapter View Tools Window Help Camera Settings Motor Settings Record Settings First Frame Last Frame Previous Frame Next Frame Copy Calibration File From CD Download Calibration file From Flash memory proVISION XS Users Manual Rewind Fast Forward Loop Playback 29 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 7 View Menu 30 The view menu item comprises all of the actions for the viewing of the images including all of the zoom states It also allows the user to select which toolbars to be visualized The View menu items used by camera views and image views are shown below Image View if a sequence of acquired imag
31. Image Velocimetry A Check the cameras he wants to group in the check list above B Press Add Example the user wants to open three cameras A B and C and wants to group camera A and B in a single 3D view and let camera C alone To do this the user checks camera A and B and presses Add see the picture below Cameras Session Wizard Cameras groups Group the cameras in multiple views windows Select the cameras you want to be grouped into a single view 3D and press Add Repeat the operation for any camera group Cameras outside the list will not be grouped Camera Tim ID O GBC MotionPro x1 0001 Cameras AB Clear List To continue click Next Cancel In this fashion the session will have a 3D window with cameras A and B and a 2D window with camera C Cameras can be grouped only if they satisfy the following conditions A They are connected to the same timing device B They are of the same model 5 1 6 Sixth Step Confirm and finish The sixth step dialog box shows the main configured parameters The session starts when the user presses the Finish button proVISION XS Users Manual 57 58 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 1 7 Single camera layout If only one camera is active the program opens a single camera window see picture below Te proVISION XS DB Setup _No_Calib _On_Line Camera A MotionPro X3 Fie Edit Image Filter DIV Camera Me Tools Window H
32. Mask or press the Apply button on the Mask Pad green check mark Press the cancel button to delete the object Rectangle A rectangle may be created dragged and resized on the mask image Press the rectangle button and click on the point where the rectangle has to be drawn Then drag the handles to resize it Then right click and select Apply Mask or press the Apply button on the Mask Pad green check mark Press the cancel button to delete the object Ellipse An ellipse may be created dragged and resized on the mask image Press the ellipse button and click on the point where the ellipse has to be drawn Then drag the handles to resize it Then right click and select Apply Mask or press the Apply button on the Mask Pad green check mark Press the cancel button to delete the object Polygon A polygon can be created dragged and resized on the mask image Press the polygon button and select the number of points X and Y nodes Then click on the point where the polygon has to be drawn Select the move mode zoom free constrained to move to resize to stretch or zoom the object Then right click and select Apply Mask or press the Apply button on the Mask Pad green check mark Press the cancel button to delete the object proVISION XS Users Manual 137 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 5 2 Save or Load Import Mask Image Save Mask A list of all the mask files found in the curren
33. Model Select the calibration model and the number of images Current Camera Group Camera A Select the calibration model below Generic Then enter the number of calibration images below d To continue click Next Cancel Calibration models two types of calibration are available Simplified this method is known as standard in previous versions of proVISION It requires one calibration image in single camera windows 2D as well as in multiple camera windows 3D Generic this method is known as distorted in previous versions of proVISION It requires one calibration images for single camera windows and 5 to 31 images for multiple camera windows NOTE on cameras groups the selection of the model and the number of cameras is done for each camera group that has been selected in the previous wizard dialog proVISION XS Users Manual 101 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 7 1 1 Single Camera Windows 2D Single camera windows require one calibration image If the user presses Next the image is acquired and saved in the selected format in the new calibration folder A finish dialog box then appears and warns the user that the calibration procedure needs to be done 5 7 1 2 Multiple Camera Windows 3D If the selected calibration model is simplified the multiple camera windows requires one calibration images which is saved when the user presses the next button See the paragraph above
34. These buttons allow the user to cycle through the meshes and associate the corresponding PIV parameters with them Calibration The calibration button enables or disables the calibration on the current images If the image sequence does not have a calibration e g the calibration procedure has not been done or the sequence is in a subfolder of a _No_Calib folder the button is disabled The Settings button toggles the Calibration Settings dialog box Mask These controls are used to manage the mask operations on the acquired images Masking is operated using a binary image overlapped to the acquired images The ON OFF button displays and hides images respectively activating and deactivating the mask feature The mask image can be saved exported or imported and can be also edited For further information refer to the Mask paragraph Images The controls are used to select the image pairs from the loaded sequence Under the image selection additional information is displayed to include the stride and the step of the images for PIV processing The stride indicates how many images to skip after each correlation while the step indicates the distance between the reference image and the delay image For further information refer to the PIV Dialog Bar topic in the PIV Processing Tools chapter Process The Process button starts and stops the correlation on the current image pair The Process All button
35. Use the buttons on the right to move the images in the list and sort them Img4000000 tiF Imog4000001 tif Img 000002 tif Img 000003 tif Img 000004 tif Img 000005 tif Imo 4000008 tif ImgAO00007 tit ImoA000008 tif Img40000039 tif The user may add images to the sequence by clicking the Add button When the Add button is clicked the dialog box below appears Import Images Look in Import 2 My Recent Documents My Documents i Slip File name Files of type My Network proVISION XS Users Manual HTH Ague Y All Image Files v Cancel C Open as read only 159 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 160 The images may be selected with the mouse or with the keyboard and added to the list by clicking the Open button Before loading the sequence the images should be sorted The user may move the selected images by operating the Move to top Move to bottom Move up and Move Down buttons Step 2 Acquisition parameters The next step of the wizard helps to input the main images acquisition settings proVISION XS Import Wizard Acquisition parameters Select the parameters or click Next if you are importing the calibration images only Please enter the acquisition main parameters Acquisition rate Hz 100 Acquisition mode Double exposure V Delta T in ps double exp
36. be filled or not the angle and the length percentage Anchor Position the user may select which part of the vector has to be located in the point where the correlation is calculated the head the mid point or the tail Interpolation Cut off this parameter allows configuring the maximum number of interpolated vectors an image can contain If the number of interpolated vectors is larger than the parameter the results are not displayed and saved It may be useful in a sequence to exclude bad images Average Cut off this parameter is used in the vectors average computations If in a mesh point the number of valid vectors is lower than the parameter the point is disabled in the average PLOT file Origin the vectors origin coordinates may be edited The origin can be changed by dragging the cross in the screen The color of the displayed cross may be changed proVISION XS Users Manual 129 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 6 Colors Page Colors PIV Settings A Analysis000 Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Color scheme Color map bi Single color Color map Variable Ux oo Color scheme the parameter controls the vectors colors If the Single color option is selected calculated vectors and interpolated vectors are drawn with a single color If the Color map option is chosen the vectors are drawn w
37. correlation in the standard mode the interrogation size should be at least three times the maximum pixel displacement The Range Filter indicates the maximum displacement When the Auto option is selected the Auto Range procedure calculates the maximum displacement and automatically adjusts the correlation size to three times this value Contrast the Contrast parameter defines whether a mesh point can be considered as a dropout The value may vary from a minimum value of 0 05 to a maximum of 1 0 For each point of the mesh the code checks if the maximum pixel value in the interrogation area is bigger than the contrast value If it s smaller and the compute dropouts option is checked the vector value is obtained by interpolation otherwise the point is disabled proVISION XS Users Manual 125 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 3 Mesh Page 126 Mesh The mesh page controls the size and the position of the active mesh If more than one mesh has been created the user can select the active mesh operating on the mesh buttons in the PIV toolbar PIV Settings A Analysis001 Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Configuration Min Coord DG Max Coord D ES ou am 724 Nodes DG Stretch Gd m ia ppo goo wij C Mesh Auto Spacing Rotation 0 0 Move Resize Mode Mesh File Name Zoom v MeshO00 msh Export Mech Al Coor
38. dividing the external frequency by the Laser Div value and the result is divided by the Camera Div value to obtain the Camera frequency Just like in the internal mode in the EXT mode the laser and the camera frequency may not be the same The phase of the external input signal may be conditioned by a variable delay The delay is adjusted as fractions degrees of the period of the input clock This feature is very useful to phase lock external periodic events The light intensifiers signals are synchronized to the Q switches The figure below shows the generated signals In the example the external frequency is divided by two to obtain the Laser frequency Trigger Out Flash Lamp and Q switch then the Laser Frequency is divided by two to obtain the Cameras Acquisition Frequency A phase delay of 180 degrees is also added proVISION XS Users Manual 79 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry External Clock gt Kk Rate Laser Divider 2 l l Trigger Out Camera Divider 2 Cameras Out gt K Phase Delay 180 Flash Lamp A Q switch A gt KQ Switch Delay A Flash Lamp B 3 K Pulse Separation Q switch B gt KQ Switch Delay B BEE Intensifiers 80 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 2 3 Sync Mode Nd YAG Laser Timing Configuration ID 0001 Pulse Separation ps Q switches ps better Z Trig
39. for camera operation The camera pad is described in the following paragraph Toggle Camera Configuration press this button to show or hide the camera configuration dialog box It includes the camera settings the image layout for flip and rotation of the image the histogram configuration and the camera memory configuration MotionPro X camera only Record Settings press this button to activate the record configuration dialog box The user may set the acquisition frames and the image format Motor Settings if the motor option is enabled this button shows or hides the motor configuration Camera Group Selection if more than one camera window is open the user may enable or disable one or more windows Double Exposure View Mode in double exposure mode the user may select the visualization mode sequence first and second exposures are shown in sequence superposed first and second exposure are superposed first only the first exposure is displayed or second only the second exposure is displayed On line processing this button enables the images online processing Check this button and start playing the camera to activate real time acquisition and processing of images pairs proVISION XS Users Manual 61 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 3 The Camera Pad 62 The Camera Pad is visible only when the camera windows are open The table below shows all the objects available on the Camera Pad with a s
40. nHeight nBPP userData 64 nSize size of the structure in bytes It should be 84 nPages number of images contained in the file nWidth width of each image in pixels nHeight height of each image in pixels nBPP number of bits per pixels 8 10 or12 size of this header number of pages frames image width image height bits per pixel user data array userData an array of 64 unsigned long that may be user by the user to store other information 196 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 3 7 3 Data arrays The image header is followed by the images data Images are stored contiguously in compressed format The first four bytes contains the size of the compressed buffer followed by image data Data compression is done using ZLIB library version 1 1 4 which is free and available for download at the URL http Awww zlib org The compression algorithm used by ZLIB is a variation of LZ77 Lempel Ziv 1977 It finds duplicated strings in the input data The second occurrence of a string is replaced by a pointer to the previous string in the form of a pair distance length Distances are limited to 32K bytes and lengths are limited to 258 bytes When a string does not occur anywhere in the previous 32K bytes it is emitted as a sequence of literal bytes 9 3 8 Note on 16 bit grayscale formats 10 bit images acquired from the camera may be saved in diff
41. or the Open Batch item in the File Menu is selected The first time the Batch configuration window is open it does not contain any sequence information and a message asks the user to add a sequence If the user answers Yes the Batch Wizard appears 6 7 2 Batch Wizard The first wizard dialog is a generic welcome dialog If the user presses next the batch option dialog appears Batch Wizard Batch option Select the batch option Please select one of the options below Add a single images sequence and select the analysis layout the mask image the image stride and the image step Add multiple image sequences and select a single analysis layout The same settings will be applied to all the sequences To continue click Next CC The user has two options 1 Adda single image sequence one sequence is added to the list and the user selects the PIV settings mask image stride and step for this sequence 2 Add more than one sequence the user select more than one sequence and decides a single set of PIV settings for all the sequences This is useful when an optimized PIV configuration wants to be used for more than one sequence of acquired images If the user presses the Next button the Session and calibration dialog appears 146 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Batch Wizard Session and Calibration Select the session and calibration folders Please
42. select the session and the calibration folders from the Database g T Database a Session Type 4 FA Cal AN types J High Speed Jet XS 3 2D We 7 High Speed Jet XS 4 2D om Z Jai E F Low Speed Jet 2D E 3 Newsess 7 Seeded Jet 2D To continue click Next In this step the session and calibration path is configured A list of the content of the proVISION database is shown as well as a filter of all the available session types PIV cross correlation and speckle The user selects the calibration folder and clicks Next to activate the Images step Batch Wizard Images Select the batch images Select the images from the list below Image Acquisition Select All mg ImgAB tif Jet 3D 2_Gen Acquis000 nc ImgAB tif Jet 3D 2_Gen cquis001 L To continue click Next In this step the user selects the images All the images found in the selected calibration subfolders are listed If the batch option is single image a single selection is allowed otherwise more than one sequence may be selected The Select All button highlights all the listed sequences The next parameters to select are the PIV settings If the Single image sequence option has been selected the user may select the PIV settings the mask image the stride and the step proVISION XS Users Manual 147 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Batch Wizard Analysis settings Select the analysis settings fo
43. shows the initial menu structure available to the user proVISION XS main menu e T y You may open a sequence of image files and apply preset and user defined filters as well as logic geometric morphological and LUT operations You may open a sequence of PIV images from the proVISION database and compute correlation apply filters and other operations Cameras You may open a camera session acquire images and save them to the hard disk You may compute correlation on real time data Series of single image pairs or sequences may be processed in batch mode Files with different PIV and settings may be loaded for processing The application allows the user to acquire save play back image records and control the cameras in Single or Double Exposure modes It also allows the user to retrieve file images from previous acquisitions for display and further manipulation Upon execution a main menu allows the user to select among various options Images a single image or a sequence of images may be open and manipulated The user may choose to open a single file or a sequence and manipulate it with filters Look up tables and so on PIV sequence a sequence of acquired images may be opened from the proVISION XS database The user may process the sequence by using the built in PIV engine The processing result will be saved in PLOT files that can be displayed with Tecplot proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Vel
44. starts and stops the correlation of the entire sequence according to the values of stride and step The settings button toggles the PIV Settings dialog box 112 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 9 2 On Line Processing Images grabbed from the camera may be processed on line The procedure is activated with the selection of the on line button in the main camera toolbar Camera ToolBar On Line Processing Button The on line button is enabled only if some conditions are satisfied If the cameras are Megaplus or sharpVISION the double exposure mode must be selected and the laser device must be on If the camera is MotionPro X or Y the button is enabled if the mode is triggered or double exposure If the On Line button is checked the user will press the Play button in the camera pad and start the on line processing The software acquires image pairs and processes them in real time showing the vectors field The procedure steps are shown below 1 Acquire an image pair 2 Correlate the image pair and stores the result in the sequence plot file 3 Refresh the Tecplot display if the Launch Tecplot option is selected in the PIV Settings 4 Add the images data to the average accumulator 5 Add the vectors data to the average accumulator 6 Restart from point 1 When the Stop or the Play buttons are pressed the on line processing is stopped and the soft
45. the software This file contains the current settings for cameras lasers and motor aeontlg pry controllers installed on the system This file contains general settings used by the program such as the system prv database version and the users list The files contain the default layout configuration for the Tecplot files Any time a new analysis directory is created the two files are copied in the new directory Default2d lay Default3d lay 3 2 2 Session The session is the second level in the directory hierarchy When the camera acquisition is initiated a new session directory may be created or an existing session directory may be opened The files contained in the session directory are shown in the table below Session This file contains the session general parameters name comment creation date and time and the cameras and lasers layout _config prv When a session is created the user is prompted to decide how many cameras activate and which laser models connect to the cameras This configuration is saved in the session folder A special session is the one named Setup The setup session is used to test the camera and the acquisition settings before the regular acquisitions sessions proVISION XS Users Manual 43 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 3 2 3 Calibration When a new session is created a No Calib sub folder is automatically created This _No
46. the calibration target and some parameters are entered The computation of the polynomial parameters of a multiple view calibration requires more than one calibration images The images must be at least 5 max 31 and are taken at different values of the Z axis around the original position the position of the first calibration image e g 0 The other images Z values must be evenly distributed around 0 The user enters positive values of Z when the target is moved towards camera B and negative values if the target is moved towards camera A Example If 5 calibration images have been taken and the Z displacement from one image to the following is 0 2 mm the values may be 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 2 0 4 0 6 According to the position of the laser sheet two perspective types are available Perspective Types If the multiple view image is obtained from 2 cameras images two scenarios are available ale Opposite View ol The laser sheet is fired between the two cameras The cameras are Ae on opposite sides of the laser plane and see the images from t opposite points of view The calibration images are taken by moving i the target on the Z axis Same View amp KN Two cameras are on the same side of the laser plane They have the A 5 same side of view As in the opposite view mode Z values are VER positive if they are on camera B side The value of the calibration target thickness parameter is ignored
47. the diagonal option is disabled A very important parameter is the perspective type see below Perspective Types If the multiple view image is obtained from 2 cameras images two scenarios are available Opposite View Tak The laser plane is fired between the two cameras The cameras are on oo B opposite sides of the laser plane and see the images from opposite points of view tem Same View P Ki Two cameras are on the same side of the laser plane They have the A B same side of view The Simplified calibration dialog box is shown below Simplified Calibration Camera Model Megaplus ES 1 0 Pixel Size um 9 0 Grid Color ee x Dim mm 107 950 FocalA mm 58 370 Y Dim mm 69 850 Focal B mm 58 370 Diag mm EE ote Opposite ze eH proVISION XS Users Manual 143 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 6 3 2 Generic Calibration As in single view images the generic calibration considers different kind of distortion due to optical and or perspective issues The calibration grids are more complex multi point grids see below The points of the grids will be positioned over the marks of the calibration target and then the program computes the parameters of a third grade polynomial which maps the points of the views pixels into the points of the real space mm The example shows a scenario with two cameras views two grids are moved over the points of
48. tiF i IMGAN0003 tiF IMGAN00035 tiF i IMGA000036 tiF IMGA000037 tiF i IMGA000038 tiF IMGA000039 tiF sl IMGAN00040 tiF IMGAN00041 tiF i IMGAN00042 tiF i IMGAN00043 tiF Si IMGA000044 tif Si IMGA0O0045 tif Si IMGA000046 tif i IMGA000047 tif IMGA000048 tif IMGA000049 tif IMGAO00050 tif IMGA000051 tif IMGA000052 tif Si IMGA000053 tif i IMGA000054 tif el IMGAQOO0SS tif Simoes tif Si ImGa000057 tif Si IMGAQO00SS tif fc ale mle mle mle le le a File name IMGAO00000 TIF Files of type All Image Files C Open File Sequence single files for example ImgA000000 tif ImgA000001 tif ImgA0Q00099 tif 46 proVISION XS Users Manual L proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 4 2 The Image Dialog Bar Once a single file or a sequence is open a vertical bar on the right shows the main file parameters and allows to playback the sequence Image Toolbar Parameters i Parameters Width 1260 The main image sequence parameters are shown such as image size pixel depth number of frames rate delta T and Height 1024 number of views advanced Pixel Size 8 Playback Buttons The user may play the sequence back and forward step from Frames 10 one image to the previous or to the next display the first or Rate Hz NZA the last image of the sequence Playback Speed Delta T 4 000 d Beals
49. tif cal_B2 tif cal_B3 tif cal_B4 tif Z Position Cam Imas 0 000 0 100 Cam B Imas 0 200 0 100 Clear List 0 200 Z Values Calibration Settings File optional To continue press Next SES 2D images if single camera images are imported option 1 or 2 in the first wizard step a single calibration image must be imported The user will press the Cam A Imgs button to import a single 2D calibration image 3D images the procedure is similar to the one shown in the step 1 Both camera A and camera B images must be imported Two scenarios are available Simplified calibration if the user wants to do a simplified calibration a single 3D image is required The user must import a single image for each camera Generic calibration if the user wants to do a generic calibration at least five 3D images are required This means that at least 5 images from camera A and 5 from camera B are required Also for each image pair the Z position is required To enter the Z positions press the Z values button The dialog box below appears proVISION XS Users Manual 163 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 3 0 100 The user enters the Z values in the corresponding edit boxes The Z position for image 0 is supposed to be 0 so the edit box is grayed out The values represent the displacement in the Z axis from th
50. to the current image and then selects brightness and contrast the preview window will show the original image without any LUT modification and so on proVISION XS Users Manual 23 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 3 1 Color Map Adjustment for monochrome images Color Map Monochrome images may be colorized by using a pseudo color scheme This is done via the Color Map item Several pre loaded color schemes are available for use small rainbow two colors red light green light and blue light These schemes are loaded and may be altered by the user Color Map Base Color Map Small Rainbow Point Index 1 2 Control Point RGB Settings J An example of color map is shown below Red 0 Green J 0 255 J 0 255 Blue i proVISION XS C Program Files IDT X Stream Images F an ImgA avi bi File Edit Image Filter view Tools Window Help d E J ol 2 AB gt bl iO e ai Parameters Width 480 Height 480 Pizel Size 8 16 628 77 N A Frames Rate Hz Delta T us Views 1 Playback Bl ee be i Le Playback Speed Fast Slow Frame 2 of 16 0482 0238 4 Pixel Value 0 0h 24 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 3 2 Other intensity operations Brightness Contrast Adjustment Brightness and Contrast Control of Brightness and Contrast of the imag
51. well as the motor type when applicable If the hardware includes the motorized option enter the appropriate motor type when prompted The recommended installation directory for the proVISION package is drive letter Program Files IDT proVISION XS Upon completion a child directory labeled DB database is created It is under this directory that the image system configuration and processed files are stored The structure of these files is further explained in the following chapters Image Acquisition and Processing CONFIGURING THE SOFTWARE WITH THE WRONG MOTOR TYPE MAY RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE MOTOR AND OR CAMERAS Remember to follow the instructions that are prompted by each installation script Reboot the system as required If National Instruments frame grabbers are installed with the system remember to configure the memory buffers to accommodate acquisition of image sequences A complete description of how to configure the buffers is given in the Appendix proVISION XS Users Manual 17 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 The proVISION GUI 2 1 Overview 18 The software package is designed as a general purpose image acquisition and processing package to which a variety of software tools may be incorporated The graphical user s interface GUI is based on the standard Microsoft Windows applications interface Upon installation the program is executed by activating the icon on the desktop The Figure below
52. window appears and a set of tools for drawing the mask image is available Clear Image Mask Unmask Image Brush Tool Polygon Tool Ellipse Tool Rectangle Tool The pad includes two buttons Clear and Mask Unmask to control the image properties four buttons brush line rectangle ellipse and polygon to select the drawing tools and three buttons Apply Cancel and Undo to apply the tools to the image Image Buttons Clear Image If this button is pressed the whole mask image is cleared Any mask drawing is deleted Mask Unmask Image The button is a toggle If it is unchecked any drawing operation will result in a mask drawing If it is checked any drawing operation will result in an unmasking drawing In this case the mask objects lines rectangles etc are subtracted to the mask image 136 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Tools Brush The brush object allows the user to paint areas of the mask image Press the brush button and select the line width in pixels Then hold down the left mouse button on the image and drag the pointer Line A multiple line object can be created and moved on the mask image Press the line button and select the line width in pixels Then click the left mouse button over the points where the multi line has to be drawn Drag the line handles to position the points Then right click and select Apply
53. 0 the program will acquire and save as in the steps below Step 1 acquisition of 128 frames in the reserved memory Step 2 storage of the 128 acquired frames in the hard disk frames indexes 0 to 127 Step 3 acquisition of the remaining 72 frames in the reserved memory Step 4 storage of the acquired 72 frames in the hard disk frames indexes 128 to 199 The user may also reduce the size of the reserved memory and increase the number of steps required to acquire the entire sequence The acquisition starts when the REC and PLAY buttons are pressed If the Save Acquired Images option is ON and the Automatic Acquisition Names generation option is OFF the user must enter the acquisition folder name before the acquisition is started To do so the dialog box below appears Save Acquisition Images b Path C Program Files IDT proVISION XS DB4Se Frames 2 Pixel Depth E Acquisition Name Acquis001 Comment Comment to the acquisition File Type Single TIFF Files tif Output Pixel Depth Cancel proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The user may edit the acquisition folder name add a comment select the file type and the output pixel depth which may be different from the input pixel depth If the Save Acquired Images option is ON and the Automatic Acquisition Names generation option is OFF the images are automatically saved after t
54. 0 is correlated with image1 image 1 with image 2 and so on lt gt Step 1 lt gt Playback Playback Ja Uri Speed The playback buttons allow the user to playback Slow Fes the sequence and select the image pairs ie LK lala 120 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 Process alll Process The Process button starts and stops the correlation on the current image pair The Process All button starts and stops the correlation of the entire sequence according to the values of stride and step The settings button toggles the PIV Settings dialog box View Image V Vectors Mesh _ Origin View The check boxes enable disable the display of the loaded images and the graphic overlay that comprises the mesh the vectors when calculated and the vectors origin Mesh E a Mesh More than one active mesh may be associated with an image file These buttons allow the user to cycle through the meshes and associate the corresponding PIV parameters with them Calibration Calibration The calibration button enables or disables the calibration on the current images If the image sequence does not have a calibration e g the calibration procedure has not been done or the sequence is in a subfolder of a _No_Calib folder the button is disabled The Settings button toggles the Calibration Settin
55. 0621 3007 0 0000433 0 0026751 10008568 0 0004979 D or 484 0 000009 MT gt In E GO nm OCH D Te proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 7 1 Save Calibration Images Wizard The wizard allows saving the calibration images taken from all the open cameras After the welcome dialog the wizard asks for the calibration name file type and cameras groups Save Calibration Image Wizard Calibration Name Enter the calibration family name and file type Enter the Calibration Family Name below Calib1 Then select the file type below Single TIFF Files D nl v Then select the camera groups from the list below The calibration image s will be saved for the checked groups only Camera Group ER Camera A Camera B To continue click Next Calibration Family Name is the name of the calibration sub folder that will be created In this sub folder all the calibration images will be saved File Type the user may select the file type among TIFF Bitmap or PNG Camera Groups if more than one camera window is open 2D or 3D or both the user may check or uncheck the list items proVISION XS will save the images taken by the checked camera groups only Then the next page asks for the calibration model and the number of images to save 100 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Save Calibration Image Wizard Calibration
56. 16 bit data are supported The file structures are the following 9 3 6 1 File header A MRF file begins with a file header structure containing the IDT raw file signature typedef struct _RCFILE_HEADER char szSign 8 IDT raw file signature unsigned long nReserved reserved RCFILE_HEADER PRCFILE_HEADER Members szSign 8 a 8 char buffer which contains the signature IDT MRF It indicates that the remainder of the file contains a Multiple Raw File 194 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry nReserved this field is reserved for future use 9 3 6 2 Image header The file header is followed by the image header which contains general information about the data stream typedef struct _RCIMG_HEADER unsigned long nSize size of this header unsigned long nPages number of pages frames unsigned long nWidth image width unsigned long nHeight image height unsigned long nBPP bits per pixel unsigned long userData 64 user data array RCIMG_HEADER PRCIMG_HEADER Members nSize size of the structure in bytes It should be 84 nPages number of images contained in the file nWidth width of each image in pixels nHeight height of each image in pixels nBPP number of bits per pixels 8 10 or12 userData an array of 64 unsigned long that may be user by the user to store other information 9 3 6 3 Data arrays The image header is foll
57. 202 proVISION XS Users Manual 5 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 5 LOOK UP TABLE TBANSEORMATIONS sssnanennnnneoeoensennrennerernnnnrenersnnnnrrrrenesenen 203 9 6 NI IMAQ BUFFER SETTINGS MEGAPLUS CAMERAS ONLY 205 9 7 TIMING DEVICES SIGNALS Eug steet CERN ENEE 206 9 7 1 MotionPro Timing Hub 206 9 7 2 Timing Control Unity cisco teeies eects eeeert eaa eieiei e a iha au agiia EiS 207 6 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 System Overview 1 1 Introduction to proVISION XS The proVISION XS software package is used to operate the IDT PIV systems with the timing units and the cameras for the image acquisitions The software package includes the PIV processing functionality The user has the choice of installing and configures the software package to operate a PC as a stand alone unit for the processing of file images and presentation of results ProVISION XS offers different options for the hardware and software configurations for 2D and 3D PIV applications The choices are Cameras MotionPro X X Stream VISION high speed USB 2 0 and Giga Ethernet camera Models X1 XS 3 1280x1024 628 fps X3 XS 5 1280x1024 1000 fps X4 XS 4 512x512 5145 fps X5 2352 x 1728 250 fps MotionPro Y high speed USB 2 0 and Giga Ethernet Camera Models Y3 1280x1024 1000 fps Y5 2352x1728 500 fps MotionScope M high spee
58. Camera C Trig Output 3 Light Intens B Light Intens A Light Intens A Light Intens A Output 4 Flash Lamp A Trig Light Intens B Light Intens B Light Intens B Output 5 Q Switch A Trig Light Intens C Light Intens C Light Intens C Output 6 Flash Lamp B Trig Q Switch A Trig Q Switch Trigger Laser Trigger A Output 7 Q Switch B Trig Q Switch B Trig Trigger Out Laser Trigger B proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 7 2 Timing Control Unit The picture below shows the map of timing signals in the Timing Control Unit COMPUTER CAMS SYNCH OUT TRG IN CAM A LAS A TRG OUT CAMP QS A LAS B QS B All the signals are TTL HIGH TRUE and have different meaning according to the laser type The COMPUTER connector gives power and commands to the box from the PCI 6602 board Two 6 pin mini din female connectors CAMS in the picture are available to trigger the sharpVISION cameras their meaning is equal to the meaning of CAM A and CAM B signals See the table below Signal Nd YAG Laser Q Switch DPSS Pulsed Diode SYNCH OUT Synch output signal Synch output signal Synch output signal TRG IN External Trigger Input External Trigger Input External Trigger Input TRG OUT Trigger Output Trigger Output Trigger Output CAM A Camera A Trigger Camera A Trigger Camera A Trigger CAM B Camera B Trigger Camera B Trigger Camera B Trigger
59. E Aa dt ede As 44 3 2 4 ACQUISINONwasteicauie EAE E E 1b ee ieee den ces dee A 44 320 ANALYSIS weirs eet EEN eh eaten ie eae teeta 45 A IMAGE PROCESSING Qu cet cescsseeeeeeessseceesssseeeeeeesseeceesssseeeeeeeseeooennees 46 4 1 OPENING AN IMAGE SEQUENCE sssssssieiueeetisieeetinuettiir tutira et tki ant krutt nennnnnrn ne nnennn 46 4 2 THE IMAGE DIALOG Ban 47 4 3 SAVING IMAGES IN A DIFFERENT FORMAT 48 5 CAMERA ACQUISITIONG ssccccscssssnnessseseeseeeecnsnsssessesseeeensnnnaes 50 5 1 OPENING A GAMERA SESSION uereg giereg deed ee EE EC 50 5 1 1 First Step Session Tvpe nenn 50 5 1 2 Second Step Session name and folders cccceceeeceeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeceeeeeeseaeeteeeeeaes 51 5 1 3 Third Step Camera Enumeration Eiter 52 5 1 4 Fourth Step Cameras Gonfiourailon 53 5 1 5 Fifth Step Camera grouping for 3D DIN 55 5 1 6 Sixth Step Confirm and finish 0 cccececeeeeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeaaeseeeeeseaeeeseaeeeeneeeaas 57 proVISION XS Users Manual 3 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 1 7 Single camera layout sinirinin inini ia ida doaia ai ian 58 5 1 8 Dual Camera layout Two Separated Windows 59 5 1 9 Dual Camera Layout Single Stereo Window eesseesseesseessseesseessseriessresrnresnsennee 59 5 2 THE CAMERA TOOLBAR 61 5 3 THE CAMERA E 62 5 4 THE CAMERA SETTINGS euer p atue ayeee ineen KEE Eaa ENa Eaa Ekini 63 5 4 1 MotionPro MotionScope settings
60. G lasers for low speed PIV ex New Wave Solo or Gemini 2 DPSS Q switch double DPSS laser with 2 q switches for high speed PIV ex New Wave Pegasus 3 DPSS Q switch single DPSS laser with single q switch for high speed PIV ex IDT new green laser 4 Pulsed Diode pulsed diode lasers for high speed PIV ex IDT XS IR infrared laser 1 1 7 Notes The MotionPro Timing Hub module manages and distributes the entire trigger timing signals to the illumination laser and cameras There are two trigger input signals for synchronization with external events as well as the following output signals e Laser Flash Lamp A Flash Lamp B Q Switch A and Q Switch B triggers or triggers for DPSS lasers e Camera Camera s trigger e _Intensifiers trigger for light intensifiers The National Instruments PCI 6602 board and the external trigger box manages and distributes the entire trigger timing signals to the illumination laser and cameras There is a trigger input signal for synchronization with external events as well as the following output signals e Laser Flash Lamp A Flash Lamp B Q Switch A and Q Switch B triggers or triggers for DPSS lasers e Camera Camera s trigger e Trigger Out bypass of trigger in signal The system can be configured for use in 3D PIV applications as well In this mode of operation the system includes additionally Second MotionPro X High speed USB 2 0 camera with lens 50 mm Nikon standa
61. ION XAS jc issectescacacconsiereddsantdsmavasaviadvntinvereaceaveennde 7 1 1 1 MotionPro X X StreamM Cameras ccccceccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeseeeeeseaeeeeaeeeeeeesaas 10 1 1 2 MotionPro Y CaMe raS EE 11 1 1 3 MotionScope M cameras sssesssesssesssinesrnssrnnstrnstrnstnstnsstnsrnsstnnsrnnsrnnsnnnntnasnnnnnnna 12 1 1 4 SharpVISION Camera 13 1 1 5 Megaplus Camerg nisso aan aa a a a aaas 14 1 1 6 METET E EREE NEE IPE TETA E E ENS 15 te et 15 1 2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS ssssoiesseesinsserenineutiiinttnkneet tikr tttttar tti ankr nn utta nna nanen nn nenna 16 1 3 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION 17 2 THE PROVISION GUM scssccsccuasciscccsccccscusscuacccaccveccucecveeccastcacccascveacusedcsacuacdues 18 2 1 ENEE 18 2 2 PROVISIONEXS MAIN TOOLBAR EE 20 2 3 PROVISIONS MENUS eer eeh tegt 21 2 3515 FUS MENU EE 22 232 Edk ET 23 2 353 image Menieg ino E EEA iia EOE AAE E a 23 23 4 Fiter ET EE 26 2 385 PV MEn aee E ENEE E E EE EE A E N 28 23 6 Gamera MEN thas saiu i ee eae aie daca aoa te dhe a 29 Et Ee GE UE 30 23 8 TOOS MOM iiai ove vite E asad tacts euthaule Bed ee 33 23 9 Window MOU sii ceiien a ceed Ee Aeddi 40 2 3 10 Help Menu wit aose ee ees dae needs ote eed de 41 3 THE PROVISION XS DATABASE csccceseeeeeesseeeeseesseeeeeeeseeeeeeeees 42 3 1 KEIER 42 3 2 THE DATABASE STRUCTURE E 43 S212 Database og eegne Ae ee es aaea neces 43 322a SOSSION ei tsetse lees AE ete ee 43 32 3 e e e E
62. Image Velocimetry 1 1 3 MotionScope M cameras 12 MotionScope M Camera and MotionPro Timing Hub Computer PC with at least 1 USB 2 0 port and 1 PCle x4 Slot MotionScope M High speed camera all models Camera Dalsa Coreco X64 Xcelera CL PX4 frame grabber or NI PCle 1429 Frame grabber Timing MotionPro Timing Hub USB 2 0 Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens USB 2 0 cable Full Camera Link Cables Cables Trigger for the camera proVISION XS software Software Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 Sapera Image Library or NI IMAQ proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 1 4 sharpVISION cameras sharpVISION camera and MotionPro Timing Hub PC with at least 1 USB 2 0 port and 1 IEEE 1394 standard port fire Computer wire Camera sharpVISION fire wire camera model 1400 DE or 1500 EX Timing MotionPro Timing Hub USB 2 0 Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens USB 2 0 cable Cables Fire wire cable Trigger for the camera Sof proVISION XS software Se Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 sharpVISION camera and NI 6602 Timing Board Computer PC with at least 1 IEEE 1394 port and 1 PCI slot available Camera sharpVISION fire wire camera model 1400 DE or 1500 EX Timi National Instruments 6602 PCI board iming IDT External Timing Unit Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens Fire wire cable Cables DB68 to DB68 cable Timing Box Trigger cable for the camera
63. L default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below and EXTERNAL The Signal Description Level TRG IN External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE TRG OUT Trigger Output TTL HIGH TRUE CAM A Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE CAM B Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE LAS A KR TTL HIGH TRUE LAS B TTL HIGH TRUE QS A Q Switch A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE QS B Q Switch B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE proVISION XS Users Manual 83 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 3 1 Internal Mode 84 DPSS Q Switch double Laser Cfg ID 0001 Omot Pulse Separation ps Emission _ Hee is co Trigger Laser Es Cameras am Internal Mode External Mode Sub Mode Free Run Laser Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Time Base ps 800 C Auto An internal clock generates all of the required timing signals The laser camera and intensifiers triggering signals are derived from this clock The rate may be continuously set from 0 to the maximum frequency configured in the Laser Camera Timing configuration dialog box while the pulse separation may be adjusted from less than 1 microsecond to 10 milliseconds with increments of 0 01 microseconds 10 nanosecond The camera is triggered synchronously and phased locked with the laser
64. LAS A Flash Lamp A Trigger LAS B Flash Lamp B Trigger QS A Q Switch A Trigger Q Switch A Trigger Laser Trigger A QS B Q Switch B Trigger Q Switch B Trigger Laser Trigger B proVISION XS Users Manual
65. Layout Histogram Active Camera Camera MODE Continuous v Exposure us 1776 Rate Hz 1 2 Binning 1x1 v Pixel Depth Contrast 75 Brightness Readout 20 v Time Out s Cooler OFF wv Shutter Remove background Acquire background Active Camera If more than one sharpVISION is open some of the parameters may be independently configured The parameters are brightness contrast Mode The default state of the camera at start up is in the Continuous mode This mode is used to arrange the experimental set up In this mode the camera does not require a trigger input signal The other camera modes Triggered and Double exposure require an external trigger input The Timing Hub provides the trigger input When the laser is off the camera works in continuous mode only when it s ON the user can select the triggered or double exposure mode from the combo box Exposure The camera exposure may be adjusted The value is in milliseconds The precision is in hundreds of microsecond In triggered mode the exposure has a minimum value which corresponds to the duration of two laser pulses In double exposure mode the optimal exposure is set and cannot be edited Rate The control shows the acquisition rate The rate cannot be edited In continuous mode is automatically adjusted according to the internal camera acquisition frequency while in triggered and double exp
66. ON database is organized Right Upper Pane it s a list view and shows the sub items of the tree node currently selected on the left pane If a tree node has no sub items the view displays the tree items on the same level of the selected one The user can change the way the items are displayed by pressing the Views Button on the main toolbar Right Lower Pane it s a dialog view and shows the settings of the tree node currently selected on the left pane or the settings of the item selected in the upper right list view pane proVISION XS Users Manual 151 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 2 The Explorer GUI 7 2 1 The Explorer Toolbar The Main Toolbar is displayed across the top of the main window under the Menu Bar The table below shows all the objects available on the Main Buttons Bar with a short description Main Toolbar amp proVISION XS Explorer DB Beresh File view Tools Help Address B provISION X5S Database New Database the selection of this item opens the Create New database dialog box The user may browse the existing directories in the hard disk and in the LAN or create a new directory If the OK button is pressed the root database files are copied in the new directory and the user can add new proVISION XS sessions Open Database the Selection of this item enables the Database Open dialog box The user can browse the directories in the hard disk or in the LAN and lo
67. S 3 2D _No_Calib mg High Speed Jet XS 4 DD No Ca 30 High Speed Jet XS 4 GD No Cat The Batch configuration window shows the list of the loaded image sequences For each sequence the list shows the image path the number of frames the path of the PIV settings file that will be used for the processing the mask image name this field may be empty the stride and the image step Add Images if this button is pressed the Batch wizard is launched One or more images sequences may be added to the list Remove Sequence select a sequence from the list and press this button to delete it Clear List when this button is pressed the entire list is cleared Process press this button to start the batch process Close press this button to close the batch configuration The sequence list will not be deleted proVISION XS Users Manual 149 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 7 4 Batch Status Window 150 Batch Status Batch Status Session Calibration Acquisition Images Elapsed Time Progress Jet 0 Same_View o n_Line Img B 000008_ _000009 00 15 09 When the Batch process is started a new PIV window is created and the sequences loaded During the PIV processing a Status dialog box is shown The displayed parameters are session name calibration acquisition images pair information and elapsed time A progress bar is upda
68. Specifies the total number of vectors to compute pReferenceList Specifies a pointer to an array of nVectors structures of the tyoe VECTOR_DESCR for the reference image pDelayList Specifies a pointer to an array of nVectors structures of the tyoe VECTOR_DESCR for the delay image Remarks 188 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The routine validates the results of a correlation computation The input parameters are a pointer to the full reference image buffer a pointer to the full delay image buffer the image size and the image pixel depth Then the routines receives information about the Neighbors parameter X and Y tolerance and correlation size Then two arrays of vector descriptors for the reference and the delay image are provided The vector descriptors contain both input and output parameters As input the coordinates of the points in the reference image and in the delay image and the values of the correlation are provided The routine may modify the correlation values and set the flag field see the values below proVISION XS Users Manual 189 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 3 Constants and structures 9 2 190 The constants and structures are contained in the file CorrAPI h in the Source Include folder The file contains all the information necessary to write the correlation library 3 1 VECTOR_FLAG The object enumerates the values of the correlation flag
69. TRG OUT Trigger Output TTL HIGH TRUE CAM A Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE CAM B Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE LAS A TTL HIGH TRUE LAS B TTL HIGH TRUE QS A Laser Trigger A TTL HIGH TRUE QS B Laser Trigger B TTL HIGH TRUE proVISION XS Users Manual 89 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Internal Mode 90 Pulsed Diode Laser Timing Cfg ID 0001 Omon Pulse Separation us Duration Emission _ S ge co co Se Trigger mm Laser eet Cameras mm 160 us Internal Mode External Mode Sub Mode Free Run Laser Frequency Hz Output Mode 4 2 pulses 1 channel ze Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Time Base ps 800 C Auto The laser camera and intensifiers triggering signals are derived from the internal clock The rate may be continuously set from 0 to the maximum acquisition frequency while the pulse separation may be adjusted from less than 1 us to 100 ms with increments of 0 01 us 10 ns The camera is triggered synchronously and phased locked with the laser The duration of each laser pulse is controlled by the duration parameter The value is a percentage of the pulse separation 1 to 100 The intensifiers signals are synchronized with the laser trigger Sub mode and output mode are supported only by the MotionPro Timing H
70. The distance between the points of the calibration target is known The values are in mm 1 inch 25 4 mm Focal Length the camera focal length in mm Diagonal when the Use perspective option is off the user may check the Use diagonal check box and enter the rectangle diagonal length instead of Width and height Grid Color the color of the calibration grid may be changed 6 6 2 2 Generic Calibration The generic calibration considers different kind of distortion due to optical and or perspective issues The calibration grid is more complex than a rectangle is a multi point grid The points of the grid will be positioned over the marks of the calibration target Then the program computes the parameters of a third grade polynomial which maps the points of the image pixels into the points of the real space mm proVISION XS Users Manual 141 prov ISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 142 The grid may be moved and resized The way the grid is resized is controlled by the Grid Mode in the calibration dialog Zoom in this mode the handles are positioned over the four external corners of the grid The grid may be zoomed or moved Constrained in this mode the handles are positioned over the four external corners of the grid The grid can be distorted Free in this mode each point of the grid has its own handle and can be moved independently Calibration Dialog Generic Calibration
71. _Calib folder is used to store the images that don t need any calibration when they are processed The _No_Calib folder contains the _config prv file only If one or more calibration images are acquired the program prompts the user for a calibration name The name is used to create a new directory in the current session and store the images The calibration images are used to calibrate and generate calibration parameters The calibration parameters are necessary to compute the velocity vectors using real space coordinates m s The files contained in the calibration directory are shown in the table below Calibration TEE This file contains the calibration parameters and the motor HP configuration parameters if the motor support is installed ImaA ImaB The calibration images files The supported images formats are dere gB TIFF Bitmap and PNG JPEG is supported for backward gaS compatibility 3 2 4 Acquisition The acquisition folders are sub folders of the calibration directories or subfolders of the No Cal directory if no calibration is required The first sub folder of each calibration directory is the _On_Line folder It is used for on line processing and does not contain stored images The acquisition folder names may be automatically generated by proVISION any time a sequence is saved Acquis001 Acquis002 etc or typed by the user before any acquisition The files contained in the acquisitio
72. ai CR 3 Low Speed Jet 2D 4 gb _No_Calib a b _On_Line mg Ing tif Si amp Session Type All types Image Sequence Info Images 10 Flags 2D 1 Camera A Image Size 1260x1024 8b Delta T 4 000 ps Current Image Info 118 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The database tree view on the left side of the dialog box lists all the images sequences in the current proVISION XS database When an image item is selected a preview is shown on the right side preview window Below it the main sequence parameters are displayed number of images in the sequence Image width height and pixel size 2D 2D flag and number of cameras delta T The session type combo box allows the user to select the type of session among PIV cross correlation and speckle If one of the images sequences is selected and the OK button is pressed a new PIV window is open see below At this point the user may start processing the images Sequence path Flow Image A proVISION XS DB High Speed Jet XS 3 2D _No_Calib Acquis MISR Image Filter PIY Yiew Tools Window Help o x S dial D ee AIO Image Selection Playback l Process Stride 2 REF coo002 i Ia Io Process alll Slow Fast Step 1 H DEL DOUD y SOF Settings Ready i X10935 Y 09 PIV Dialog Bar Active Mesh proVISION XS Users Manual 119 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 2 Th
73. ameras IP addresses may be done with the MotionPro Network Configuration Utility described in the following topics Once the Wizard competes the initialization procedure for the camera the application window for the active camera is open as shown below The user may also refresh the camera list the cameras will be re enumerated and assigned to the default timing ID 001 The user may re configure the timing devices by pressing the Timing Devices Cfg button A different dialog box appears when a stand alone session is selected 54 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Cameras Session Wizard Stand alone Configuration Select the stand alone configuration you wan to open Select one of the configurations below Name Cameras Total Cam Camera System 2 2 Current stand alone Configuration Name E Camera System Cams to open To continue click Next Cancel In stand alone sessions the cameras and the timing devices are ignored The acquisitions are simulated by reading data from image files The stand alone configuration allows the user to choose among various image files In the picture above two configurations are available one for high speed PIV and the other for low speed PIV 5 1 5 Fifth Step Camera grouping for 3D PIV This step is not executed if only one camera is detected In this case the wizard automatically jumps to step 6 5 1 5 1 2 Camer
74. application automatically adjusts the timing signals for the laser and camera triggering Background The background noise image may be acquired and stored in memory Such images are taken with the body cap on If the noise remove background flag is active the program removes the background images to any acquired image and reduces the noise proVISION XS Users Manual 67 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 3 Megaplus Settings 68 Megaplus Camera Settings Settings Image Layout Histogram MODE Continuous Exposure us 1000 Rate Hz Binning inl v Gain Tt Delay ps 1 Pulse Wid ps Strobe Polarity P w Trigger Polarity Time Out s 5 0 LUT Type Exponential v Gain On 0 01 Offset Dm 83 Mode The default state of the camera at start up is in the Continuous mode This mode is used to arrange the experimental set up In this mode the camera does not require a trigger input signal The other camera modes Triggered and Double exposure require an external trigger input The Timing Hub provides the trigger input When the laser is off the camera works in continuous mode only when it s ON the user can select the triggered or double exposure mode from the combo box Exposure The camera exposure may be adjusted The value is in milliseconds The precision is in hundreds of microsecond In triggered mode the exposure has a mini
75. as If the user selected to open two cameras the dialog box below appears proVISION XS Users Manual 55 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Cameras Session Wizard Cameras groups Select 2D or 3D viewing mode Select the way the two cameras views will be displayed two windows for 2D or one window for 3D Al B Open cameras in two separate windows 2D AB Open cameras in the same window 3D To continue click Next Cancel The user may select how the camera views will be opened Two camera windows may be opened simultaneously 2D and each camera is operated independently or a single window is opened 3D and the images from each camera are tiled in a single view 5 1 5 2 3 cameras and more If more than 2 cameras are detected the camera grouping dialog box appears First all the detected cameras are listed none of them are checked see picture below Cameras Session Wizard Cameras groups Group the cameras in multiple views windows Select the cameras you want to be grouped into a single view 3D and press Add Repeat the operation for any camera group Cameras outside the list will not be grouped Camera Tim ID O 4 MotionPro x1 0001 C GBB MotionPro x1 0001 Iert MationPro x1 0001 Cameras TimID To continue click Next The user may group two or more cameras in a single view The steps are listed below 56 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle
76. ation folder and import images in the current session Calibration Name New Calibration Curent session Setup Look in Image Preview Cal Bu 2 ZZ Japan 2D b Distorted Imad tif J F Jet Xv06 Sch L ImaA ipg ImgB ipg 3 My Session gh My Calibration Imo tif Ima tif S F Nasa Trapwing s Camera size Calibration Info Image Size one view 1024 x 1024 Type Undefined Images 1 1280 x 1024 Three options are available Unload the calibration and return to the No Calibration folder in the current session this option simply changes the current path of the camera session The calibration is unloaded the calibration folder is changed to the No Calib directory If the session is currently in the _No_Calib folder the option is grayed out Point to a calibration folder in the current session if other calibration folders are available in the current session the calibration path may be changed to one of these folders If calibration settings have been saved in that folder they will be loaded Create a new calibration folder and import images in the current session the calibration images and settings may be imported from other calibration directories The left tree view lists all the compatible calibration images in the database For each calibration image the program shows the current size and settings If the size is different from the current camera size it is displayed in red
77. ations listed in the table below Mode Nd YAG Laser DPSS Q Switch Pulsed Diode Internal YES NO NO External YES if external rate is less than 200 Hz NO NO Synch NO NO NO 94 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 6 The Motor Settings The motor settings dialog box is activated by pressing the motors button on the camera toolbar or selecting the Motors settings item in the Camera menu The items are disabled if in the general options the Motor Type is set to No motorized support 5 6 1 Motors Configuration The first time the motors setting dialog box is open the motor configuration dialog box appears The dialog box is shown below Camera Motors Configuration Motor Type Motor Type 1 DGAusl ze Comm Port Selection COM 1 v Motor Type Q 0 Translational CO 1 Rotational If the motor controlled is turned on and connected to a serial port the motors are detected and a list is displayed The user may select the motor type and the serial port COM If the Rescan button is pressed the motors are scanned again See the picture below Status Searching for Motor 3 Once the correct motor types are set and detected the motors settings property page is displayed proVISION XS Users Manual 95 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 6 2 Motors Property Page Each camera has two motors to control bo
78. ay be deleted Warning The deletion of a folder requires Administrator privileges 168 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 8 View and playback the images Locate the session camera calibration and acquisition on the left tree view Open the Images tree item and select the image amp proVISION XS Explorer DB SharpVISION 2D _No_Calib _On_Line Eile View Tools Help Beoox ana A Address I proVISION xS Database a General Options H Record Configuration ma gh Devices ImaA mpt 2D E9 Timing Device 0001 J provISION xs Database EE Des D Z Beresh E elei E Four Image Calibration Test E Hi Speed Jet xs3 o E F Hi Speed Jet xs HH HIFEX 1 Playback Speed 1 7 High Speed Jet x5 4 2D Slow Gi Import 9 E 4 Japan 2D r Jet 3D F Jet vue 2 of 50 a ZZ Khaled gt McAllister Zoom 37 D F Mudcat D F Nasa E F Nasa Trapwing J NoSwirl3DCalTest011706 e 7 Rectangular Ideal v Fit to Window S SharpvISION 2D gb Camera A E 1 No Calibration g Motors i Op Une Hb Settings Lib Images od SAh Analysisooo D Supersonic Jet F 1C204_21_05 The image will be displayed on the right bottom pane The user may play back the sequence by operating the controls 1 Play forward and play back 2 Display previous and next frame 3 Display the first and the last frame of the sequence 4 Play repeatedly t
79. ayouts used to display the plot data are stored in y these files Pit files The files contain the correlation results in plot format The files may be binary or ASCII according to the configuration proVISION XS Users Manual 45 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 4 Image Processing 4 1 Opening an image sequence When the Images option is selected from the main menu dialog or the File Open Images menu items are selected the following dialog box appears Open Image File My Recent Documents My Network The user may open a single file TIF BMP PNG a multi page file MPT MRF MCF AVI BLD If the Open File Sequence option is checked the user may also open a sequence of Acquis001 sl og amp f Analysiso00 Si IMGA000014 tif AE le IMGAN001S tif IMGAOO0001 TIF J IMGA000016 tiF Si IMGA000002 tif i IMGA000003 tif Si IMGA000004 tif i IMGAOO000S tif i IMGA0N0006 tif Si IMGA000007 tif IMGA000008 tif l IMGA000009 tiF i IMGA000010 tiF i IMGA00001 1 tif IMGA000012 tif i IMGA000013 tiF lt IMGA000017 tif IMGA000018 tiF IMGA000019 tiF IMGA000020 tiF IMGA000021 tif Si IMGA000022 tif IMGA000023 tif Si IMGA000024 tif IMGA000025 tif ImGao00026 tiF Si IMGA000027 tif i IMGA000028 tif Si IMGA000029 tif i IMGA000030 tiF IMGA000031 tiF IMGA000032 tiF IMGA000033
80. below appears when the Save button is pressed Export Save Mask Image Current Path C DB2 Bart_No_Calib _On_Line List Preview Name Type 2 Mask A002 tif New MaskAO00 tif Existing L A list of all the mask files found in the current acquisition directory is shown The user may save the image in a new file and select the format TIFF BMP or PNG or overwrite one of the existing files A preview of the existing files is displayed in the preview window The user may also delete one or more existing mask files Delete File button 116 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 11 Copy calibration file Each camera is shipped with a noise calibration file The file is stored in the WINDOWS System32 directory WINNT System32 for Windows 2000 If the file is not there it may be copied from the camera CD proVISION XS Users Manual 117 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 PIV Processing Tools 6 1 Opening a PIV sequence for processing When the PIV Sequence option is selected from the main menu dialog or the File Open PIV Sequence menu items are selected the following dialog box appears Database Tree View Current Image Preview Open Images for Correlation Image Preview Database High Speed Jet X 3 2 4 4h _No_Calib Lb Acquis001 ng 3 High Speed Jet XS 4 2 A7 No Cal 2 gb Acquis001 mg Inga tif J
81. both negative and positive coefficients the transfer function is equivalent to a weighted differentiation and produces a sharpening or high pass filter like Laplacian Prewitt and Sobel filters If all coefficients in the kernel are positive the transfer function is equivalent to a weighted summation and produces a smoothing o low pass filer like Average and Gaussian filters 9 4 1 1 Linear sharpening filters Typical sharpening filters are Gradient filters A gradient filter highlights the variation of light intensity along a specific direction which has the effect of outlining edges and revealing texture A gradient convolution filter is a first order derivative Its kernel uses the following matrix a b c b x d c d a Where a b c and d are integer coefficients and x 0 or x 1 proVISION XS Users Manual 199 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry This kernel has an axis of symmetry that runs between the positive and negative coefficients of the kernel and through the central element This axis of symmetry gives the orientation of the edges to outline There are two sets of pre defined gradient filters used in proVISION XS They are listed below The Prewitt filters have the following kernels The notations N north NE north east E east SE south east S south SW south west W west NW north west indicate which edges of bright regions they outline The Sobel filters are very similar to the Prewitt f
82. cate a database The Explorer recognizes as valid database locations the directories where the file proVISION mdb is found Changes to the currently selected database are reflected on the proVISION XS settings Import The Import option is a very powerful tool that allows the user to import external images and configuration files into the proVISION database Export the database data may be exported to word or text documents The user may select an item in the left pane and press the Export menu item A dialog box appears the user may choose the format of the export file and press OK The Explorer automatically creates a file with the exported data Delete this option deletes the tree node selected in the left tree view of the main window and the corresponding directory in the proVISION Database The menu item is grayed if the current item cannot be deleted The items that can be deleted are Sessions Calibrations except the _No_Calib folder acquisitions except _On_Line Analysis except Analysis 000 Refresh press this button to refresh the display of the proVISION database contents Views it allows the user to change the way the objects are displayed on the upper right view pane of the main window There are four different view modes Large icons small icons List details Help the button activates this help 152 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 2 2 7 2 2 1 The Ex
83. ch for the peak and or by increasing the interrogation region 4 VALID Vector this vector indicates valid data 5 NO DATA Mesh Point a no data point condition occurs when there are no particle images detected on the interrogation region In this case the code can treat these points as disabled by leaving the compute dropout box unchecked or ultimately interpolating them using the least squares algorithm 6 DISABLED Mesh Point this flag indicates a mesh point where the vector cannot be calculated Derivatives The computation of the vector derivatives includes the derivatives of the x and y components of the displacement with respect to x and y The size of derivative kernel can be adjusted The minimum value of x and y neighbor is 1 Delay Image Offset optimally one should have the velocity range symmetrically arranged around zero This condition may be artificially met by the use of the offset parameter of the delayed image Setting this parameter to a value different from zero forces the delayed image to be displaced and shown with a constant pixel displacement with respect to the reference image If the Add Offsets option is checked the offsets are added to the result vectors Range Filters the default is set to Auto mode In this mode the code finds automatically the displacement range throughout the region of the image overlay by the computation mesh For optimal results when operating the
84. d full camera link camera Models M3 1280 x 1024 500 fps M5 2340 x 1728 120 fps sharpVISION fire wire camera Models 1300 DE obsolete 1400 DE 1500 EX proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Roper Megaplus camera frame grabber required Models ES1 0 1024x1024 60 fps ES4 0 2048x2048 30 fps Timing Devices MotionPro X Stream Timing Hub USB 2 0 2 input 8 output TTL National Instruments PCI 6602 card with external Timing Unit Scheimpflug Components Manual Mounts with 3 degrees of freedom SharpVISION only Motorized Mounts with two degrees of freedom SharpVISION only 8 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Motors controller COM Serial Port driven proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 1 1 MotionPro X X Stream Cameras 10 MotionPro X Camera and MotionPro Timing Hub Computer PC with at least 2 USB 2 0 ports Camera MotionPro X High speed camera all models Timing MotionPro Timing Hub USB 2 0 Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens Cabl USB 2 0 cables or Ethernet Cable apie Trigger for the camera Sof proVISION XS software oware Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 MotionPro X and NI 6602 Timing board Computer PC with at leas
85. e DPSS Q Switch single Laser Cfg ID 0001 Omon Pulse Separation ps Emission _ Hee is ER Trigger Laser Cameras mam Internal Mode External Mode Sub Mode Free Run Laser Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Time Base ps 800 C Auto An internal clock generates all of the required timing signals The laser camera and intensifiers triggering signals are derived from this clock The rate may be continuously set from 0 to the maximum frequency configured in the Laser Camera Timing configuration dialog box while the pulse separation may be adjusted from less than 1 microsecond to 10 milliseconds with increments of 0 01 microseconds 10 nanosecond The laser is triggered by a single timing channel A pre trigger pulse is followed by two pulses for the illumination of the images The cameras and the intensifiers are synchronized with the second and third laser pulses Sub mode is supported by the MotionPro Timing Hub only and will be described in a paragraph below Output mode is not supported The figure below shows the signals configuration Internal Clock gt K Rate jl Cameras Out fl fl fl Q Switch gt Pulse Separation l l Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual 87 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 4 2 External M
86. e REM AH Fern CAE AE HE J CAE JULIUS Lede Laser Frequency Hz za EES T Camera Frequency Hz t d E E eilelts Time Base ps 1000 C Auto The laser and camera triggering signals are derived from the internal clock The software Laser Trigger Control sets the desired rate for the laser operation the separation between laser pulses and the required delay between the flash lamp and the Q switch triggers The rate may be continuously set from O to the maximum frequency configured in the Laser Camera Timing configuration dialog box while the pulse separation and the Q switch trigger delay may be adjusted from less than 1 microsecond to 10 milliseconds with increments of 0 05 microseconds 50 nanosecond The camera is triggered synchronously and phased locked with the laser However an additional control allows the user to trigger the camera at a sub harmonic frequency This is achieved by means of a frequency divider The Sub mode is supported by the MotionPro Timing Hub device only and will be described in a paragraph below The light intensifiers signals are synchronized to the Q switches proVISION XS Users Manual 77 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The figure below shows the signals for a configuration with a camera rate divider set to 2 Trigger Out gt K Rate Camera Divider 2 Came
87. e This display is only available when it is enabled from the Output page The 3 D presentation can be done according to the user s proVISION XS Users Manual 179 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry needs by selecting a lay file The software is configured with a default presentation that may be used by the user to generate others Supersonic Jet Ma 1 69 0 051 0 073 0 030 V 0 079 0 058 0 036 0 014 0 008 proVISION XS Users Manual 180 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 Appendix 9 1 The Database Converter The proVISION XS database format is different from the format of previous proVISION versions A database conversion utility is available to update the current database to the latest version The first wizard page is the welcome dialog The user needs administrator privileges to convert the database and any instance of proVISION needs to be exit The next wizard page shows the current database path and its version If the database is already updated to the latest version the Current Database Version string is 3 00 and it s displayed in blue The message The current database DOES NOT need to be converted is shown too If the database version is old the string 2 00 is displayed in red and the message The current database needs to be converted is shown in bold E proVISION XS Database Converter pro VISION Database Select the proVISION database t
88. e separation value External Clock gt K Hate Laser Divider 4 Cameras Out gt K Phase Delay 180 Q Switch gt KPulse Separation l l Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 5 Pulsed Diode Laser XS IR Pulsed Diode XS IR laser operates in the near infrared spectrum The wave length is 795 nm and the maximum power is 4 W The laser is pulsed by square wave TTL signals generated by the IDT timing devices MotionPro Timing Hub it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNAL and EXTERNAL The default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below Signal Description Level TRIGA External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE Output 0 Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 1 Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 2 Camera C Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 3 Light Intensifier A TTL HIGH TRUE Output 4 Light Intensifier B TTL HIGH TRUE Output 5 Light Intensifier C TTL HIGH TRUE Output 6 Laser Trigger A TTL HIGH TRUE Output 7 Laser Trigger B TTL HIGH TRUE Timing Unit it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNAL default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below and EXTERNAL The Signal Description Level TRG IN External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE
89. e PIV Dialog bar The PIV dialog bar allows the user to control all the parameters during PIV processing of images sequences Image Selection Playback View Mesh Calibration Stride 2 REF cl Speed V Image V Vectors 20 ide 12 Cy er ae M ES Step u DEL 000003 v a Ppa 79 MV Mech C Origin BJ PIV Dialog Bar Image Selection Image Selection Stride 2 REF oooo02 w The controls are used to select the image pairs from the loaded sequence Under the image DEL 000003 w selection additional information is displayed to include the stride and the step of the images for PIV processing The stride indicates how many images to skip after each correlation while the step indicates the distance between the reference image and the delay image Triggered mode if the images have been acquired in triggered mode each image can be correlated with the next one The step value may be 1 as well as the the step value image 0 is correlated with image1 image 1 with image 2 and so on Double exposure mode if the images have been acquired in double exposure mode even images are correlated with odd ones This is the usual way of PIV The step value is set to 1 and the stride to 2 Image O is correlated with image image 2 with image 3 and so on If the sequence has been acquired at high speed each image can also be correlated with the next one In this case step and stride have a value of 1 image
90. e changed because the software auto detects the camera model at start up Enable Plus Mode It enables and disables the plus mode in MotionPro Cameras double speed Network Adapter and Performance Select the adapter connected to the GE cameras or to the switch that is connected to the cameras The network performance is a delay added to the data exchange between the cameras and the computer If there is traffic on your local network then move the slider to More reliable to avoid loss of data during the communication Timing Board Support The generation of timing signals is provided by two optional devices The MotionPro Timing Hub or the National Instruments 6602 PCI board If none of these devices is available the No timing support option is selected Motor type proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry If motorized Scheimpflug mounts are installed the user may select the motor type Motor Controller COM Port The software controls and sends commands to the motors through a control box that is connected to the computer via one of the serial ports This option allows selecting the correct COM port Database General Options oO E 7 Hardware Correlation Miscellaneous Plug in Click Browse to change the current database path C Program Files IDT proVISION S DB Browse If the current database version does not match the required version t
91. e exported Session the session and all its calibrations acquisitions and analysis are exported Calibration the calibration and all its acquisitions and analysis are exported Acquisition the acquisition and all its analysis are exported Analysis the analysis is exported To export a database record Select the object by clicking on the corresponding tree node in the Explorer left tree view From the menu toolbar select Tools and then Export toolbar press the Export button A dialog box appears The upper grayed edit box shows the name and the type of object you will export If the exported object is a session and contains images 2D and 3D the camera selection allows selecting the type of images to export A B or AB The File Path Name edit box shows the full path of the file to export Press the Browse button to change the directory and the name of the file The templates list shows you the available file type Select one and then press OK The record will be exported and a message box will ask you to display the file or from the Buttons proVISION XS Users Manual 165 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 5 Edit session and acquisition settings 166 Edit Session s parameters Edit Session Parameters Session Name My Session User Name Guest Date 7 28 2004 Time 6 05 50 PM Camera Model IDT x Stream VISION 5 3
92. e maximum Minimum Value if the Auto Bin size is unchecked the user can edit the minimum value Maximum Value if the Auto Bin size is unchecked the user can edit the maximum value Velocity Histogram Current Component eine v C Cumulative 0 04 The figure shows an example of histogram The results for each component are presented in different pages If the image is 2D the W component is not available proVISION XS Users Manual 131 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 8 Output Page 132 Output PIV Settings A AnalysisO01 Kl Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Save Vectors Save Vectors to file Binary ASCII Save values Y T U V Flag always saved Ux Uy Function 1 Sum Mv Mw E eo si C Function 2 C Cor Size Tecplot Layouts Launch Tecplot Vectors Layout Average Layout Ima lay Ing Ae lay The results of the computation can be stored in a Tecplot ready file for viewing or manipulation by the user Save Vectors To File the first option refers to the saving of the vector file If the check box is checked the user can select the format of the file BINARY or ASCII The advantage of the BINARY format is the savings in space whereas the ASCII format allows for the opening of the file under other WINDOWS applications such as EXCEL Enable 2D Vector map
93. e reference image 0 Step 6 Summary A summary of the selected settings is shown at the end of the import procedure The user may press Finish to import the images or Back to review or change the settings proVISION XS Import Wizard Review Settings Review the Settings and start the import procedure The wizard has finished configuring the images import If you want to review or change any setting click Back If you are satisfied with the settings click Net to start the import procedure Current settings Item Value Cameras 2 Session My Session Calibration My Calibration Source Directory CADB2 Import Images 6 Delta T ps 100 000 Calibration Source Dir C ADB2 Import Calib Calibration Images 5 lt If the user presses Next the images are imported and the database tree view is refreshed 164 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 4 Export data from a proVISION XS database Export Export Data Export Session Hi Speed Jet xs3 Camera Selection Camera A File Path Name C _Other DB2 Hi Speed Jet xs3 Hi Speed Jet xs Templates Hl 2 Blank Text Blank Word Document Document Cancel Database records may be exported in files with MS Word or text format The user may select an object from the tree list on the left and then export the data There are four different kinds of records that can b
94. e tree view and clicks OK Browse For Folder Browse for the new database folder or create a new directory by clicking on the Make New folder button 082 O DB3 DELL Documents and Settings DRIVERS O 1386 pT Images z eh fi Make New Folder HIR RR RR RI BR A new directory is created The user locates the parent directory in the tree view and clicks the Make New Folder button Then he enters the new folder name and clicks OK proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 2 Open a proVISION XS database Open a database Open proVISION Database Look in DB c ProVISION mdb My Recent Documents Desktop My Documents My Computer File name ProVISION mdb My Network Files of type proVISION Databases mdb Cancel selecting a new directory The user may change the default database root directory by browsing the hard disk and The database root is the directory which identifies the database among other hard disk directories The directory contains some configuration files and the sessions folders The file provision mdb identifies that the current directory is a valid proVISION database Without this file the database cannot be opened proVISION XS Users Manual 155 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry
95. ect one of the options below Create a New Session Open Setup Session Test only Open stand alone Session Test only Open Existing Session Then select the user name from the list below User Name Guest v IF your name is not in the users list you may add it by clicking the Add User button Add User To continue click Next i Cancel The first option to select is the session type Create a new session the user may create a new session and start a new set of calibrations and acquisition The program will prompt for session s name in the following dialog boxes When a new session is created the user may select also the user name If the name is not in the list it may be added by pressing the Add User button Open Setup Session if the setup session is open the user may set the camera parameters and test the acquisitions Open Stand alone session a stand alone session is a session that does not need any camera or timing device The user may select among a list of stand alone configuration and 50 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry the camera and timing operations are simulated Images will be read by files instead of being acquired from cameras Open existing session an existing session may be open The user must check if the current cameras and laser setup matches with the one of the session 5 1 2 Second Step Session name and fo
96. elation Page 124 Correlation In this page the relevant parameters that configure the correlation algorithm are set ALL THE PARAMETERS ARE SET IN PIXELS PIV Settings A Analysis000 A Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Interrogation DEn 7 View Index A v P Mode Adaptive v Delay Image Offset Size 24x24 Zl Add Offsets x lo vz J Range Filters Auto Range ce 18 Tolerance 1 00 sw oe DE D Error Check Auto Check 3 4 Derivatives x Neighbor Contrast C Compute Dropouts Y Neighbor Contrast 0 25 k View Index if the image is 3D more than a view is shown in the same image Each view may have its own correlation parameters The combo box allows the user to select which view parameters to edit Interrogation size and model the code may be configured to run a Standard correlation The user has the choice on the size of the correlation window In the Standard mode the correlation is done by correlating corresponding and equal sized windows in the reference and delayed images In the Adaptive mode the correlation is calculated on a subset of the grid points using an interrogation size of at least 24 pixels The results are validated and used as predicted vector values Then the correlation is calculated and the predicted values are used as a local offset for the delayed image The default values for
97. elp Gogo e deeg View Image Mesh Vectors Origin Mesh Calibration Settings Mask Images Stride 1 Step l Reference 000000 v Delay 000000 v Settings X 0485 Y 1024 a Pixel Value 54 36h proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 1 8 Dual Camera layout Two Separated Windows An example of the two camera windows opened simultaneously is shown in the figure below Ki proVISION XS DB Setup _No_Calib _On_Line Camera B MotionPro X3 File Edit Image Filter EN Camera Yiew Tools Window Help Ge k a Sfx sie O a AS a o DB Setup _No_Calib _On_Line Camera A MotionPro X3 E 5X pB setup _No_Calib _On_Line Camera B MotionPro X3 View View Image o Image Mesh Mesh Vectors Vectors Origin Origin Mesh Mesh Calibration Calibration Mask H Mask Images Images Stride C s Stride 1 1 2 Step Step 1 1 Reference Reference mmm w mmm Delay Delay ooo000 Domm v 0532 1009 Pixel Value 28 1Ch The camera control tool bar reflects the presence of two cameras A and B The active camera may be selected by pressing the camera selection button in the camera toolbar The dialog box below appears Select Camera Groups Check the the cameras groups in the list below Camera Group Timing ER Camera A Nd YAG 0001 ER Camera B Nd YAG 0001 LC
98. ended effect on the brightness and contrast of the image Each input value is transformed into a new value by a transfer function Output value F input value Where F is a linear or nonlinear continuous or discontinuous transfer function defined over the interval 0 max In case of an 8 bit image a LUT is a table of 256 elements Each element of the array represents an input value Its content indicates the output value Five different LUT types are available in proVISION X linear equalize logarithmic exponential and gate The table below shows the transfer function for each LUT type Resolution Transfer Function Description A linear transfer function y ax b affects both the brightness and contrast of the image The parameter b offset increase or decrease the Linear image brightness while the parameter s gain influences the image contrast The equalize function alters the gray level value of pixels so they become distributed evenly in the defined grayscale range 0 to 155 for an 8 bit Equalize image The function associates an equal amount of pixels per constant gray level interval and takes full advantage of the available shades of gray The logarithmic function expands low gray level ranges while compressing high level ranges These transformations increase the overall Logarithmic brightness of an image and increase the contrast in dark areas at the expense of the contrast in bright areas proVISION XS Us
99. eneeseaeeeseaeeesaaeseeeeeessaeeseaeeeenees 149 6 7 4 Batch Status Wimdow nnt 150 7 PROVISION XS EXPLORER esivissscsscesiecscesetvesdecndacccsrsteentuandeasduwecuasenentacs 151 7 1 OVERVIEW ea hasina d aa a a TE aE 151 7 2 THE EXPLORER allegue Ee bechte a a e a ieena 152 Zoll THEPEXplorer OOD AN oroare EEEE E E 152 7 2 2 The Explorer Menu 0 cecccceeecceeeneceeeeeeeeneeeceaeeseaaesaneeceaeeeseaesseaaesseneeseaeeeeaaeeeenees 153 7 3 USING THE EXPLORER m EE 154 7 3 1 Create a new proVISION XS daiabase eect eeeeeseeeeeseeeeeaeeteeeees 154 7 3 2 Open a proVISION XS database ccccecceeeeceeceeeeeneeceeeeecaeeeeaaeseeeeeesaeeeeaeeeeeees 155 7 3 3 Import data in a proVISION XS database eee cece eee cee eee enaeeeeeeneeenaeenaee 156 7 3 4 Export data from a proVISION XS database uu eee eee eeee tees sense eneeeneeenaeenaee 165 7 3 5 Edit Session and acquisition settings ce ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeaeeeeeeaaaeeeeneaaeeeeeeaas 166 7 3 6 Rename calibration and analysis folders cccsceeeeeceeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeneeees 167 Pele DEltS AN ODOC ei sadencdag ENEE eege EE aetaned 168 7 3 8 View and playback the images sssssessssissssssrnsssirrssrinnsstinnnstinnsntinnnntnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 169 7 3 9 View and export the vectors oc eeeecceeeeeneeeeeenneeeeeeaeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaaeeeseeaaeeeeeenaeeeeenenaes 170 7 3 10 Editthe Users L t ees EE EE AaS 173 7 3 11 Edit the Explorer Options oieri eens ee e
100. erent 16 bit formats These formats include TIF PNG MPT MRF and MCF Since 16 bit grayscale format is not a standard not all the applications for image processing may correctly display the saved images proVISION XS Users Manual 197 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 4 Spatial filtering Spatial filters alter pixel values with respect to variations in light intensity in their neighborhood The neighborhood of a pixel is defined by the size of a matrix or mask centered in the pixel itself These filters can be sensitive to the presence or the absence of light intensity variations Spatial filters can serve a variety of purposes such as detecting edges along a specific direction contouring patterns reducing noise and detail outlining and smoothing Spatial filters fall in two categories High pass filters emphasize significant variations of the light intensity usually found at the boundary of object They are also called sharpening filters Low pass filters attenuate variations of the light intensity They have the tendency to smooth images by eliminating details and blurring edges They are also called smoothing filters In the case of a 3x3 matrix the value of the central pixel derives from the values of its eight surrounding neighbors A 5x5 matrix specifies 24 neighbors a 7x7 matrix specifies 48 neighbors and so forth If Bun specifies the intensity of the pixel P with the coordinates i j the pixels surroundi
101. ers Manual 203 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The exponential function expands high gray level ranges while compressing low level ranges These transformations decrease the overall Exponential brightness of an image and increase the contrast in bright areas at the expense of the contrast in dark areas The gate function sets to zero all the gray level values that are below a certain value and above another one The other gray level values remain Gate unaltered 204 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 6 NI IMAQ Buffer settings Megaplus cameras only The IMAQ driver has a default of 50 buffers that can be used for image acquisition This number has to be set according to the amount of memory RAM that the computer has available To enter the number of buffers run the Measurement and Automation Explorer from your desktop or ImaqConfig exe program located in the following directory drive letter Program Files National Instruments NI IMAQ bin if you have an older version of the drivers The program interface is shown in the figure below Measurement amp Automation Explorer File Edit View Tools Help d err EE E National Instruments Devices and Interfaces M easureme nt amp IMAQ PCI 1422 img0 Channel 0 IDT ES 1 0 Automation Explorer BQ Scales y Software Ge Remote Systems What is About MAX Help Measurement amp Automation py epee a
102. es 110 5 9 PIV PROGESSING tege EENS EAR ties 112 5 9 1 lee d Ve el 112 5 9 2 el ENER ee EE 113 5 10 CREATING AND SAVING MASK IMAGES 114 5 11 COPY CALIBRATION ELE 117 6 PIV PROCESSING TOOLS sisissssccsschediersccsiccnssunvsnnasenvennusanventvsuavieiesenvinietes 118 6 1 OPENING A PIV SEQUENCE FOR PROCESSING 118 6 2 THE PIN DIALOG ET 120 6 3 CHANGING PIV SETTINGS s eege CERN EECH 122 6 3 1 Configurations Page s sssesssesssesssessieerissisttiesttnsttntttnttnntttnnttnnttnnntnnttnnnnnnnn nnna 123 6 3 2 Correlation Page aines aiea e i aaa a aiae ahea a aas 124 Gage Mesh Egeter deed eege de 126 ECK D Fiter Fage EE 128 Daach Vectors Kaes Gestell erleedegen eiser ees 129 6 3 6 ColorsvPage EE E 130 6 3 72 Histogram Page seira a E A EA E T E EOE 131 6 3 8 Output e CET aia a a seg a aaea teada EE 132 603 9 lt Sequence E EE 133 6 4 ie erc 134 6 5 MASKING eege ee ee EE ees 135 6 554 o EET E A A di tit ka eh eege 136 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 5 2 Save or Load Import Mask Image 138 6 6 THE CALIBRATION DROCEDURE 139 LR ME EE 139 6 6 2 Single View Images GD 140 6 6 3 Multiple View Images OD 143 6 7 BATCH MODE PROCESSING sssceccccecceceeseeseececeeseesuaeeeseeeeeessaeaeaeaeseeeeeesaeeaes 146 Bel LEMMER dE eech 146 Beck Batch Wizard dese ee Een 146 6 7 3 Batch Configuration ccccccecececeeececeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaees
103. es is done via a dialog box that provides the user with a review of UI the altered image The 10 amp results are previewed in a anes thumbnail format but allow the user to display the image at different magnifications for detailed inspection Zoom Fit to window Brightness Gamma Correction Gamma Correction Control of Gamma of monochrome images is done via a dialog box that provides the user with a preview of the altered image The results are previewed in a thumbnail 0 004 format but allow the user to display the image at different magnifications for detailed inspection Zoom Fit to window Value proVISION XS Users Manual 25 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 4 Filter menu 26 Low Pass High Pass filtering and some image effects can be applied to the images The program allows for several pre set filters as well as user defined filters Available sharpening filters Laplacian Prewitt and Sobel Available smoothing filters Average Gaussian Smooth Median Available effects filters Minimum Maximum Uniform Noise Gaussian Noise Erode Dilate Open Close Filter Dialog Box Average Filter Zoom Fit to window Filter Kernel Display Sze 6x6 A preview window for the filtering operation is available The window includes a dialog box with all the available filter kernels and shows
104. es is loaded the view menu allows selecting the zoom and the toolbars to be visualized Main Toolbar Status Bar Thumbnails Toolbar and Pan Scroll Tool PIV View When a PIV Sequence window is open the view menu allows the user to select the visualization of the toolbars including the PIV Toolbar and the Thumbnails Toolbar The Zoom section of the menu allow to zoom the image in and out to restore the original size 100 zoom or compute a zoom factor which fits the image to the window The user may also select the display of the loaded images and the graphic overlay that comprises the mesh the vectors when calculated and the vectors origin Camera View when a camera window is open the view menu allows the user to select some more toolbars The camera Toolbar and the camera Pad may be shown or hidden proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 7 1 Thumbnails Viewer Thumbnails Viewer e proVISION XS C Program Files IDT MotionProX Images Mono Fan ImgA avi DAR oO x File Edit Image Filter View Tools Window Help Got E dee g Parameters Width 480 Height 480 Pixel Size 8 Frames 16 Rate Hz 628 77 Delta T ps N A Views 1 Playback a Playback Speed Slow Fast J Frame 2 of 16 000001 000002 000003 000004 000005 lt gt Ready x 0083 0042 Pixel Value 0 Another important feature of the program is the image Thumbnail viewer Selecting
105. ettings and the camera exposure are optimized in such a way that both the images have the same brightness The camera exposure edit box is grayed out Before the acquisition the user should follow the procedure below 1 104 Turn on the laser and set the camera mode to triggered default or double exposure according to what kind of acquisition needs to be done Press the Play button on the camera pad and check the image quality Adjust both laser and camera parameters to achieve the desired image quality In double exposure mode press the stop button to acquire a single image pair and use the playback arrow buttons to display first and second exposure Configure the acquisition parameters on the Record Settings dialog box See the following paragraph When all the parameters are set press the Record Button followed by the Play button on the Camera Pad like starting a recording on your VCR After the acquisition the images may be saved on the hard disk see the paragraphs below proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 8 2 Record Settings The record setup dialog box may be activated by pressing the Record Settings button on the camera toolbar or by selecting the Record Settings item from the Camera menu 5 8 2 1 MotionPro X Camera Record Settings Acquisition Configuration C Automatic download of images Automatic acquisition names generation Acq
106. fies the image width in pixels nimgHeight Specifies the image height in pixels nReferencex Specifies the X coordinate of the computed point in the reference image nReferenceY Specifies the Y coordinate of the computed point in the reference image nDelayX Specifies the X coordinate of the computed point in the delay image nDelayY Specifies the Y coordinate of the computed point in the delay image nDelayOffsetX Specifies the X component of the delay offset nDelayOffsetY Specifies the Y component of the delay offset nCorrelSize Specifies the input correlation size may be different from the output correlation size pResultX Specifies a pointer to the variable that receives the X U component of the correlation 186 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry pResultY Specifies a pointer to the variable that receives the Y V component of the correlation pResultFlag Specifies a pointer to the variable that receives the output flag pResultCorrelSize Specifies a pointer to a variable that receives the output correlation size may be different from the input correlation size Remarks The routine computes the correlation between reference and delay data in a specified point of the image The input parameters are a pointer to the full reference image buffer a pointer to the full delay image buffer the image size and the image pixel depth Then the routines receives information about the coordi
107. format From Frame To Frame Step The number of frames to save may be configured The user may control the index of the start frame the index of the stop frame and the frame step For example if start 2 stop 10 and step 2 only the following frames will be saved 2 4 6 8 and 10 proVISION XS Users Manual 109 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 8 110 4 Saving images with other cameras sharpVISION and Megaplus sharpVISION and Megaplus cameras don t have on board memory and the acquisitions are streamed to the host PC memory The program reserves for the acquisitions half of the system physical memory and leaves the other half to other applications The maximum number of images that can be streamed at the video rate to HOST memory depends on the maximum system capacity and the number that the user allows When a longer record is required the file storage feature needs to be enabled In this case the system acquires to RAM followed to a write to disk until the desired record length is achieved Example the system memory is 256 MB so the software can reserve a maximum of 128 MB for the acquisition The camera resolution is 1024x1024 so a single frame needs 1 MB of PC memory This means that the maximum number of frames the camera can acquire in the reserved memory is 128 frames The software may acquire more than 128 frames if the File Storage option is enabled if the total number of frames is 20
108. ger mm Laser Lock Q switches Cameras 7 Internal Mode External Mode Synch Mode Cycles Frequency Hz PEEEEEBE Delay Cycles EEE Trigger Delay ms EE This mode is used for synchronization with external random events In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN The system will not respond to input triggers faster than the maximum laser operating frequency as set by the Cycles frequency dial Synchronization of the laser with random external events can be made in spite of the requirement for the laser to be operated at a constant rate The principle of operation is as follows The external trigger initiates a gate with an adjustable length Trigger Out The length of the gate is adjusted as a multiple of the period of the Cycles Frequency This is set by the Delay Cycles parameter on the software control During the high state of the gate the flash lamp of the laser operates at the prescribed rate i e for the number of prescribed cycles The camera and Q Switch triggers follow the last pulse of this gated signal When the delays cycle is set to one the delay between the trigger pulse input signal and the laser light pulse is equal to 100 us plus the Q switch delay setting The initial fixed delay of 100 us is required to setup the triggering circuit If the number of cycles is larger than one then the delay is increased by the number of delay cycles 1 times the period corresponding
109. ges for camera B I want to import 3D images Images list Camera A Camera B N AD ti Sou An B1 tif AC B2 ti AZt B3tif AA tif B4 tif Delta T ps 100 Rate Hz ER To continue click Next The check boxes at the top of the dialog box allow selecting what kind of images to import The options I want to import images for Camera A and I want to import images for Camera B allow importing single view images 2D which will be renamed to ImgAxxx yyy if the option A is selected or ImgBxxx yyy if the option B is selected Then the user will press the buttons on the right to browse the computer and load the single camera images to import The option I want to import 3D images allows the simultaneous import of images from camera A and B Image pairs will be horizontally tiled to create 3D images In this configuration both the Cam A Imgs and Cam B Imgs buttons are enabled and the user must press both of them to load the images Delta T this value is the time between the two laser pulses and it is used by proVISION XS to compute the particle velocity Rate the user inserts the acquisition rate 158 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry When the Cam A Imgs or Cam B Imgs appears Select Images Files List buttons are clicked the dialog box below Click Add to add images to the list Click Reset to reset the list
110. gs dialog box Mask These controls are used to manage the mask operations on the acquired images Masking is operated using a binary image overlapped to the acquired images The ON OFF button displays and hides images respectively activating and deactivating the mask feature The mask image can be saved exported or imported and can be also edited For further information refer to the Mask paragraph proVISION XS Users Manual 121 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 Changing PIV Settings The PIV settings dialog box is multi page and contains all of the parameters required for the processing of the image pairs It can be invoked by pressing the Settings button in the PIV Toolbar PIV Settings A Analysis000 Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter The PIV Settings Title bar displays the camera selection A B AB etc that was active when the images have been acquired and the Analysis index that corresponds to the active PIV settings 122 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 1 Configurations Page Configurations Sequence Filter PIV Settings A AnalysisO00 Vectors Colors Histogram Output Configurations Correlation Mesh MANAGEMENT OF PIY SETTINGS AND RESULTS FOLDERS Ul Name AnalysisO00 Load PIY Settings Point results to co
111. he acquisition In this case the user may add a comment to the acquisition folder after the acquisition see picture below proVISION XS i The Acquisition images have been successfully saved in the folder DB Setup _No_Calib Acquis001 You may add a comment to the acquisition A brief comment If the Save acquired images is OFF the images may be saved later by pressing the save button on the main toolbar or selecting the Save Acquisition images item from the File menu proVISION XS Users Manual 111 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 9 PIV processing Camera windows allow PIV processing on live images The PIV tools may be accessed from the vertical bar at the left side of each camera window All the PIV operations such as calibration masking processing and parameters setup will be described in the PIV Processing Tools chapter In this paragraph you will find a brief description of the PIV toolbar as well as a description of the On line processing procedure 5 9 1 The Camera PIV Toolbar PIV Toolbar Images Stride ary A i Step v Reference 000000 w Delay 000001 v View The check boxes enable disable the display of the loaded images and the graphic overlay that comprises the mesh the vectors when calculated and the vectors origin Mesh More than one active mesh may be associated with an image file
112. he database must be updated by clicking the Convert Database button Current DB Version 3 00 Required DB Version 3 00 Current Database path Browse The path of your proVISION XS database may be changed The grayed edit box shows the current path The Browse button allows browsing the hard disk and set a new database directory as default A directory is considered as proVISION XS database only if it contains the file proVISION mdb Convert Database If the Current DB version is different from the required DB Version the database should be converted to the most recent version Press this button to launch the Database Conversion Utility proVISION XS Users Manual 35 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 36 Correlation plug in General Options Hardware Database Ice Miscellaneous Plug in Correlation Plug in Select the plug in you wish to use for the correlation You may provide your own custom DLL which implements a different correlation algoritm For further information please refer to the documentation v Plug in Info Version 3 00 Company IDT Inc Correlation Plug in The user may write custom correlation and validation routines and use them in proVISION XS Please refer to the appendix for the information about the plug ins compilation and installation If one or more custom plug in are correctly installed they are listed in the combo bo
113. he sequence loop button 5 Select the playback speed fast to slow 6 Select the zoom factor 7 Enlarge and reduce the image size by dragging the triangular handles proVISION XS Users Manual 169 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 9 View and export the vectors Locate the session camera calibration acquisition and analysis on the left tree view Open the Results tree item and select the plot file Three types of plot files may be listed 1 Single plot file Ex ImgA plt 2 Average plot file ex ImgA Average plt 3 Multiple sequence file ex ImgA Sequence plt U proVISION XS Explorer DB SharpVISION 2D _No_Calib _On_Line AnalysisO00 Eile Yiew Tools Help SS g s I Address T provISION X5 Database Hi Speed Jet xs3 FA Hi Speed Jet xs4 49 HIFEX 1 F High Speed Jet x5 4 2D Import D F Japan 2D FY Jet 3D F Jet vue J khaled FA Mc llister F Mudcat Nasa n rA Nasa Trapwing F NoSwirl3DCalTest011706 9 Rectangular Ideal 7 est F Session 01 3 Setup 9 SharpVISION 2D Sg Camera amp 4 No Calibration a Motors ch _On_Line Yb Settings yb Images mg ImgA mpt 2D 1 Analysisooo Mh Settings Gi gb Results em Img4 Average plt Ima4 Sequence p 2 6 2 Supersonic Jet TC2 04_21_05 Img plt ImgA4 Avera Img4 Sequ Playback Speed Slow Fast oooo00 x_ooo001 Auto scale Scale Col scheme Map
114. hort description The operational buttons are presented in the manner that is usual with digital cameras They include the play record stop and rewind controls Camera Pad Camera Pad lala Jb Bless Playback Speed Slow Fast J Index 1 100 1 100 pe EEC CS Ed ET ES ey ey FE H j H Record Button This button enables the image acquisition To record images into memory the user needs to press the record button prior to the play button Stop Button This is the only button with added functionality as compared to standard camera interfaces When pressed the button performs the acquisition of an image if the camera is in continuous or triggered mode or an image pair if the camera is in double exposure mode to memory If you press the Stop button when the Play button is pressed the cameras stop playing Play This is the standard Play button of any camera interface Its functionality changes if the Record button is pressed or depressed If the red button is pressed it starts the image memory acquisition If it s depressed it starts the camera play Rewind Fast Forward The user is able to use directional play forward or reverse A sequence of images may be played back or forward Loop If the loop button is pressed the sequence is played repeatedly First Last Frame Previous Next Frame When a sequence of image frames is recorded all the frames can be displayed Press this buttons to move to
115. iggered and double exposure modes the rate is automatically adjusted according to the laser frequency Binning The user may select the binning mode from 1x1 to 4x4 In this fashion pixels may be proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry grouped to form a larger pixel which results in added SNR and sensitivity When this parameter is changed the Region of Interest ROI is reset The control is disabled when the camera is playing Time Out The play mode time out may be configured The value is in seconds Pixel Format The camera images are digitized using 10 bits The output may be 8 bit or 10 bit gray scale When the 8 bit pixel format is selected the output can be provided to represent three different sets of 8 bits from the 10 bit set This setting can be selected from Upper for the most significant bit set Middle for the next significant bit set and Lower for the least significant bit set 8 bit data may be computed with a compression of 10 bit or 9 bit compressed formats Reset When this button is clicked the camera is reset If a Device IO Control error message appears the reset restores the camera from the error condition Background removal During the noise calibration the camera captures and stores the background noise images Such images are taken with the body cap on If the noise background removal flag is active the driver removes the background images to an
116. ignals and a trigger in signal that can be used to synchronize the unit to an external random event The meaning of the output signals change according to the type of laser and the configuration settings For a description of the connectors map please refer to the appendix Four laser types are currently supported 1 Nd YAG traditional Nd YAG lasers for low speed PIV ex New Wave Solo or Gemini 2 DPSS Q switch double DPSS laser with 2 q switches for high speed PIV ex New Wave Pegasus 3 DPSS Q switch single DPSS laser with single q switch for high speed PIV ex IDT new green laser 4 Pulsed Diode pulsed diode lasers for high speed PIV ex IDT XS IR infrared laser The laser operation modes are the following 1 INTERNAL an internal clock generates all of the required timing signals The laser and camera triggering signals are derived from this clock 2 EXTERNAL The external mode allows for the system to be synchronized by an external clock In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN 3 SYNC this mode is supported by the Timing Unit with an Nd YAG laser The mode is used for synchronization with external random events In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN Important Note the user may change the operation mode only if the ON OFF button of the Laser Timing Dialog is in the OFF position proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Veloci
117. ile menu The dialog box displayed above appears A list of the acquisitions is displayed For each acquisition the list shows the name the frames to save first last and step the bit size of the acquired images the bit size of the output files and the file type Automatic acquisition names generation If this option is unchecked the user can edit the name of each acquisition folder otherwise the software automatically generates the names Acquis001 Acquis002 and so on Save Images to file The user may deselect an acquisition by un checking the Save Images to file check box or change the following output parameters Acquisition Name For each saved acquisition a new folder is created The name of this folder may be changed only if the Automatic acquisition option is deselected File Type Various image formats are supported for both 8 and 10 pixel images TIFF BMP PNG proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry MPT MRF MCF and AVI For further information about file types please refer to the Appendix Output Pixel Depth The output file pixel depth may be different from the original image s pixel depth in monochrome cameras 8 bit images may be saved in 8 and 10 bit output files while 10 bit images may be saved in 8 and 10 bit image files TIFF PNG MPT MCF and MRF support both 8 and 10 bit BMP and AVI support 8 bit only Color images are saved in 24 bit RGB
118. ilters except that they highlight light intensity variations along a particular axis that is assigned a stronger weight Laplacian filters A Laplacian filter highlights the variation of the light intensity surrounding a pixel The filter extracts the contour of objects and outline details Unlike the gradient filter it is omni directional The Laplacian filter is a second order derivative Its kernel uses the following matrix a d c b X b c d A where a b c and d are integers The Laplacian filter has two different effects depending on whether the central coefficient x is equal or greater than the sum of the absolute values of the outer coefficients If x is equal to that sum the filter extracts the pixels where significant variations of light intensity are found The presence of sharp edges boundaries between objects modification in the texture of a background noise and other effects can cause these variations The transformed image contains white contours on a black background If x is greater than that sum the filter detects the same variations as mentioned above but superimposes them over the source image The transformed image looks like the source image with all significant variations of the light intensity highlighted 200 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 4 1 2 Linear Smoothing filters A smoothing filter attenuates the variations of light intensity in the neighborhood
119. is made from the Sequence page PIV Settings A Analysis000 Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Image Selection Number of Images 10 Start Image Index lo 2 Image Stride Image Step 1 TINIRA Image Pairs to process 5 Status Current Pair Img4B 000004__ 000005 Progress LLL LLL Elapsed Time 00 00 03 Start Image Index the user has the ability to specify the initial image from which the computation starts Maximum Pairs this parameter sets how many image pairs will be processed Image Stride and Step the spin buttons control the stride and the step of the images for PIV processing The stride indicates how many images to skip after each correlation while the step indicates the distance between the reference image and the delay image Image pairs to process the spin button controls the number of pairs that will be processed in the sequence Start the correlation process starts when this button is pressed During the process the status is displayed in the Status Control group The process can be aborted by pressing the same button proVISION XS Users Manual 133 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 4 Correlation map During the correlation process the user may activate the correlation map window To activate it select the PIV menu then select Correlation Map Correlation Map x
120. it This parameter limits the amount of RAM memory that can be used to acquire the images If the System value is set the application reserves half of the system memory for other applications and half for the acquisitions Allocated memory this control displays the amount of memory allocated for the acquisition The value is number of samples Images per sample number of cameras size of one image proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Save To File Acquisition Configuration Samples Save to File Save acquired images C Real time write to disk Save On line Images Save As Type Single TIFF Files tif Output Pixel Depth op ei Acquisition folder name generation Automatic generation Acquis000 OD Input the name when the Acquisition starts This dialog allows the user to configure the parameters when the images are saved to disk Save Acquired images If this option is selected the program automatically saves the images to the hard disk after each acquisition File Type This combo box controls the file format See the Image Formats paragraph in the Appendix for a detailed description of the supported formats Output Pixel Depth The output file pixel depth may be different from the original image s pixel depth 8 bit images may be saved in 8 and 10 bit output files while 10 bit images may be saved in 8 and 10 bit image files TIFF
121. it Image Filter PIV View Tools Window and Help Cameras Window the items are File Edit Image Filter PIV Camera View Tools Window and Help proVISION XS Users Manual 21 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 1 File Menu 22 This menu allows the user to Open previously acquired and filed images open the cameras window if not already open open and process sequences for PIV start batch sessions save images on the computer disk system and close windows A list of the five most recently open PIV sequences is displayed It also provides a means to exit the application view Tools Help Open C gt Images Recent PIV Sequences gt G PIV Sequence Camera Session Exit D Batch Open Images file images or sequences of images may be accessed via the Open Image utility Image selection is carried out in the usual way via a dialog box Open PIV Sequence a sequence of acquired images may be loaded from the proVISION XS database and processed using the built in PIV engine The sequences may be accessed via the Open PIV Sequence menu item from the File option or from the button on the Main Toolbar Open Camera Session during the usage of the program the user can initialize a camera window at any time by using the Open Camera Session menu item from the File option or from the button on the Main Toolbar Open Batch series of single image pairs or seq
122. ith a color mapped scheme based upon the value of a variable Calculated vectors select the color of calculated vectors Interpolated vectors select the color of calculated vectors Variable the color of each vector is based upon the value of one of the vector s component Edit click this button to select the color map scheme 130 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 7 Histogram Page Histogram Correlation Mesh Filter Histogram Qutput Sequence PIV Settings A Analysis000 Configurations Vectors Colors Show Velocity Histogram U Component C Auto Bin Size Bins 100 Y Component C Auto Bin Size Bins 100 wW Component Min Value 0 042539 Max Value 0 917825 Min Value 0 187386 Max Value Min Value 0 499663 0 096725 Max Value The Histogram page allows the user to display the velocity Histogram window each time the correlation process is invoked The parameters that can be changed are the following Auto Bin Size when this check box is checked the histogram is displayed using the calculated minimum and maximum value of the component The range between the min and the max is divided into the number of bins configured in the Bins control When it s unchecked the user can edit the minimum and the maximum values Number of Bins the number of steps between the minimum and th
123. larity The trigger polarity may be controlled It may be Positive or Negative Time Out The acquisition time out may be configured The value is in seconds LUT A Look Up Table can operate the images Three pre defined LUT Types are supported Linear Exponential and Gate For any of these types the user may configure two parameters Gain and Offset for Linear and exponential Low Pass and Hi Pass for the gate proVISION XS Users Manual 69 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 4 Memory MotionPro X Y M only 70 Memory Configuration Camera Settings Settings Memory Image Layout Histogram Memory Size 4 GB 4096 MB Samples 1000 Frames T ime Frames 1000 10 000 s Acquis003 Not Done eiis The memory tab is available on the MotionPro build only Samples The number of samples to be recorded in the camera memory in a single acquisition The values can be set from 1 up to a maximum number given by the amount of free memory and the number of rows on each frame The number of rows on each frame is selected with the ROI setting In double exposure the samples correspond to the image pairs Frames Time The number of frames different from the samples in double exposure mode and the acquisition duration are displayed Arrows When more than one acquisition is configured in the camera memory the arrow keys allow navigating through the acquisitions
124. lder Select the analysis settings from the list below S No_Calib Si Dn Une D Si gb Acquis001 2b AnalysisOO0 2b AnalpsisOO1 Z High Speed Jet sp A 2D a E7 v Select the mask image the stride and the step 2 JE a v sl None To continue click Next Analysis Info The entire database is listed and the user may select any configuration The PIV settings may be displayed by pressing the Analysis Info button PIV Settings Correlation Mesh Diet Vectors Colors Qutput Mesh Interrogation Mode Standard Size 2424 1 s Error Check Auto Check View Delay Image Offset Add Offsets x 2 Jre Range Filters Auto Range A J 4 Tolerance hoo Derivatives X Neighbor 2 Y Neighbor 2 eu lt 5 lt v 3 Contrast Compute Dropouts Contrast DEZ If the Multiple image sequences option is selected and the default mask image but not the stride and step the user may select the PIV settings if the button Next is pressed the finish dialog box appears The user may press Finish to add the sequence or Back to review or change the settings 148 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 7 3 Batch Configuration Batch Configuration E Batch Configuration Image Sequence Path Frames DIV Settings Path Ti 10 High Speed Jet X
125. lders The second step of the wizard allows the user to select the session and the calibration folders where the camera session will be started When a new session is created the first parameters that the user must enter are the session name and a comment The comment is a brief description of the session and it is optional Cameras Session Wizard Session Name Enter the session name and comment Enter the session name in the edit box below My session Then enter a comment below La brief description of the session Acquisitions with my cameras To continue click Next If the user has selected to open the Setup or a Stand alone Session the dialog box below appears proVISION XS Users Manual 51 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Cameras Session Wizard Session Name Select the session and the calibration folders name Select the session name from the list below Setup v Then select the calibration folder from the list below _No_Calib i To continue click Next Cancel The session name is fixed in both cases and the user may select among the calibration sub folders of the setup directory If the user has selected to open an Existing Session the session combo box lists all the available sessions Once a session is selected the calibration combo box lists the calibration sub folders of the selected session 5 1 3 Third Step Camera Enumeration Filter Once the databa
126. library To do this the knowledge of C C programming is required The library is implemented as a DLL dynamic linking library The DLL s file name must end with a COR extension and must be copied in the Plugins folder in the installation directory C Program Files IDT proVISION XS The development instruments necessary to build the library are in the folder Source in the installation directory The Source folder includes two sub folders CustomCorr directory it contains a sample of custom correlation library a Visual C project The source code file Main cpp implements the routine necessary for the correlation and the export definition file CustomCorr def lists the exported routines The user may start fro this project and modify it to implement the new correlation routines Include directory it includes the file CorrAPlI h The file contains all the definitions and prototypes used in the correlation library The DLL exports three functions one of them is used to enumerate the library among others and retrieve information about the library version name and company name The other routines are used for the correlation implementation and validation of correlated data see below Once the library is written and copied in the Plugins folder the user must start proVISION and open the General Options dialog box at the Correlation Plug in page and then select the library from the list proVISION XS Users Manual 183
127. mera Timing Configuration Timing Devices Configuration Timing Boards List Tim ID Laser Type Max Freq MinPS LIP E 0001 DPSS Q Switc 150Hz Ops Pos E0002 NdYAG 15Hz Ops Neg Current Laser Selection Timing Board ID 0001 Laser Type DPSS Q Switch double Maximum Laser Frequency Hz 150 Minimum Laser Pulse Separation ps 0 Light Intensifiers Polarity Positive v Refresh List The timing parameters may be adjusted offline The main parameters such as laser type maximum frequency and minimum pulse separation may be adjusted The list box enumerates all the timing available timing devices and shows them with the device ID For each timing device some general parameters may be configured Laser Type Four laser types are available Nd YAG DPSS Q switch double Pulsed Diode and DPSS Q switch single Maximum Laser Frequency The user may set the maximum operating frequency of the laser The application checks the laser frequency and does not allow the user to set values that are bigger than the configured parameter Minimum Pulse Separation The user may set the minimum amount of time between two laser pulses The application checks the value and does not allow the user to set values that are smaller than the configured parameter If the minimum value is 0 any valued is allowed Light Intensifier Polarity The user may set the polarity of the
128. metry The On Off and Emission buttons control the output of the timing signals Spee Emission Trigger Sa e Laser z Cameras Sat The On Off button turns the timing signals on and off When the timing is OFF the camera mode is set to Continuous In this mode the camera operates at internal rate and no external signal is used to synchronize the camera When the timing is ON the camera can operate in three modes Triggered single the camera acquires one frame at each synch pulse and the timing outputs only one laser signal Triggered double the camera acquires one frame at each synch pulse and the timing outputs two laser signals Double exposure the camera acquires a frame pair at each sync pulse and the timing outputs two laser signals The laser light is generated if the Emission button is ON The laser cannot be turned into ON if one of the following conditions is TRUE 1 2 In internal mode the Laser Frequency value is zero In external mode the external frequency is big so that the resultant laser frequency is bigger than the Maximum Laser Frequency parameter set in the Timing Devices Configuration proVISION XS Users Manual 75 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 2 Nd YAG Laser 76 MotionPro Timing Hub it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNAL and EXTERNAL The default state is internal The trigger signals are lis
129. mgA000000 tif ImgA000001 tif etc File Type various file formats are available TIF BMP PNG MRF MCF AVI BLD Pixel Depth the pixel depth may be changed 8 bit images may be saved to 10 bit format 48 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry and vice versa Not all the file formats support 10 bit Rate the sequence acquisition rate may be set in MRF MCF AVI and BLD files From To Step a subset of the sequence may be saved The user may select the start frame the stop frame and the step for sub sampling ROI a portion of the image may be saved The user may select the region of interest by pressing the Edit button Advanced Parameters some advanced parameters may be saved in the sequence files Delta T and number of views is used in PIV processing proVISION XS Users Manual 49 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 Camera Acquisitions 5 1 Opening a Camera session The camera session wizard is activated by the Open camera Session item in the File menu or the camera button on the main toolbar It helps the user to configure the cameras and the database before the acquisitions 5 1 1 First Step Session Type The first dialog box introduces the wizard and asks the user to press the Next button After that the first wizard dialog box appears Cameras Session Wizard Session Type Select the session type and the user Please sel
130. mum value which corresponds to the duration of two laser pulses In double exposure mode the optimal exposure is set and cannot be edited Rate The control shows the acquisition rate The rate cannot be edited In continuous mode is automatically adjusted according to the internal camera acquisition frequency while in triggered and double exposure modes the rate is automatically adjusted according to the laser frequency Binning The user may select the binning mode from 1x1 to 4x4 In this fashion pixels may be grouped to form a larger pixel which results in added SNR and sensitivity When this parameter is changed the Region of Interest ROI is reset proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Gain The output can be provided to represent different sets of 8 bits from the 10 bit or 12 bit set This is done using the pixel gain parameter This setting can be selected from 1x for the most significant bit set 2x for the next significant bit set and 4x for the least significant bit set and so forth Transfer Pulse Delay and Width These edit boxes are read only The transfer pulse delay and its duration are optimized and adjusted automatically by the software in accordance to the timing interface Strobe Polarity The cameras offer a pulse output for synchronization with other events such as a strobe The polarity of this pulse is configurable Negative Positive Trigger Po
131. n o interactive task list in Explorer the right side of the MAX window to quide Measurement amp you through Automation Explorer configuration and MAX provides access to basic tasks all your National o Tol bout Instruments DAQ GPIB E Si ace IMAG IVI Motion VISA on it Under the Tools menu select IMAQ Max number of buffers The dialog box below appears Enter the number that corresponds to the available RAM minus 60 e g if the computer is configured with 256 MB of RAM enter 196 etc Enter the maximum number of buffers Max Buffers Warning For the Max Buffers change to take effect you must reboot your computer Cancel proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 7 Timing Devices Signals 9 7 1 MotionPro Timing Hub The picture below shows the map of timing signals in the MotionPro Timing Hub POWER 7 6 4 3 2 OUTPUT 0 TRIGA TRIGB INPUT USB All the signals are TTL HIGH TRUE and have different meaning according to the laser type See the table below Signal Nd YAG Laser Een E EE Pulse Diode TRIGA Ext Trigger Input Ext Trigger Input Ext Trigger Input Ext Trigger Input TRIGB Output 0 Cam A Trigger Camera A Trig Camera A Trig Camera A Trig Output 1 Cam B Trigger Camera B Trig Camera B Trig Camera B Trig Output 2 Light Intens A Camera C Trig Camera C Trig
132. n corresponds to the Batch item in the start up interface Save when a camera session is open and some images are acquired the user may save them in various format TIF BMP AVI etc When a single image or a sequence is open and processed the user may save it in a different format General Options press this button to open the General Options dialog box For further information about the proVISION XS general parameters refer to the Tools Menu paragraph Timing Configuration when a camera session is open this button toggles the laser camera timing dialog box When no camera session is active the button opens the Timing Devices Configuration dialog box Image Zoom the zoom factor for the active image window may be set through this combo box The combo box is disabled if no images windows are open Zoom In Zoom Out the zoom buttons allow changing the zoom factor The buttons are disabled if no images windows are open Help Contents the button activates this help 20 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 proVISION XS Menus The menu structure of the proVISION XS application is similar to standard Windows programs menu structure Three different kinds of windows may be opened in proVISION XS Each window type has a different menu Images Window the items are File Edit Image Filter View Tools Window and Help PIV Sequence Window the items are File Ed
133. n directory are shown in the table below Acquisition This file contains the acquisition parameters Acquisition configuration name comment date and time Cameras configuration the parameters of the cameras during the acquisition Laser configuration the timing parameters during the acquisition Sequence configuration acquisition frequency mode and delta T _config prv The acquired images files The supported images formats are TIFF ImgA ImgB Bitmap PNG Multi page TIFF MPT Multi page RAW MRF ImgAB Multi page compressed MCF AVI and BLD For further information about files formats refer to the appendix 44 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 3 2 5 Analysis Once the images have been stored in acquisition folders they may be processed The parameters for PIV processing and the subsequent results may be stored in subfolders of the acquisition directory The directories names are automatically generated by proVISION AnalysisO00 AnalysisO01 etc and may be edited by the user The files contained in the analysis directory are shown in the table below Analysis Pee ee This file contains all the parameters necessary for the PIV analysis HP Correlation Mesh Filters Vectors Histogram and Output Mesh000 msh The files contain all the information about the mesh such as size Mesh001 msh and point coordinates lay files The Tecplot l
134. n of each laser pulse is controlled by the Duration parameter The value is a percentage of the pulse separation 1 to 100 The intensifiers signals are synchronized with the laser trigger The figure below shows the generated signals In the example the external frequency is divided by four to obtain the Laser and cameras frequency Also a phase delay of 180 degrees is added External Clock gt K Rate Laser Divider 4 Cameras Out gt K Phase Delay 180 Laser Triggers gt K Pulse Separation gt K Duration Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual 91 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 6 Sub mode and Output mode Sub mode and output mode parameters are valid only if the mode is internal and the timing signals are generated by the MotionPro Timing Hub Also output mode is supported by the Pulsed Diode XS IR laser only Sub mode the signal generation may be controlled by an external signal that acts as a gate or as a Starting trigger burst The sub mode may have three values Free run the signals are started when the user press the ON OFF button on the timing dialog box and no external signals control the output channels Gate an external signal Input O or Input 1 acts as a gate to the output signals The outputs are generated when the gate is high Burst the signal generation is started on the leading edge of one of the external inputs Input O or Input 1
135. nal Scan Motors if this button is pressed the motors are re scanned and the motor configuration dialog see above is activated 96 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Rotational motor Motor Settings Settings Active Camera Camera A v Translation mm Rotation degrees 2 480 0 000 Camera Motor Control Motor Rotational v lt al gt 0 000 I In the Camera Motor Control group the Rotational item is selected On the right side three buttons allow moving the motor clockwise right arrow counter clockwise left arrow or stopping it central square icon button Below the buttons a slider control shows the current motor position and the position range The scroll bar handle may be dragged to set a new motor position The position values are in degrees The translation speed is controlled by the Speed slider Home Motors see the translational motor description Scan Motors see the translational motor description proVISION XS Users Manual 97 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 7 Saving Calibration Images When a camera session is open the user may select the session and the calibration sub folder from which the session is started Once the session is open new calibration images may be saved and a new calibration may be loaded In the camera vertical bar two buttons are sh
136. nates of the point where the correlation has to be computed X and Y coordinates in the reference image and X and Y coordinates in the delay image that can be different Then the local offset for delay data and the input correlation size are also provided As output the routine returns the correlation values X Y the flag and the real correlation size that may be bigger than input correlation size proVISION XS Users Manual 187 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 2 3 Cor Validate int WINAPI Cor_Validate unsigned char pReferenceData unsigned char pDelayData int nBitsPerPixel int nlmgWidth int nimgHeight int nNeighborx int nNeighborY double dTolerance int nCorrelSize int nVectors PVECTOR_DESCR pReferenceList PVECTOR_DESCR pDelayList Return values Returns the number of interpolated vectors Parameters pReferenceData Specifies a pointer to the reference image data buffer pDelayData Specifies a pointer to the delay image data buffer nBitsPerPixel Specifies the pixel depth of the image nimgWiadth specifies the image width in pixels nimgHeight Specifies the image height in pixels nNeighborx Specifies the value of the parameter X neighbors in the PIV settings nNeighborY Specifies the value of the parameter Y neighbors in the PIV settings dTolerance Specifies the value of the parameter Tolerance in the PIV settings nCorrelSize Specifies the correlation size nVectors
137. ng Pan can be indexed as follows in the case of a 3x3 matrix Bau Bu Bra Ban Bun Pan P 1 j 1 Bai Buata A linear filter assigns to Bun a value which is a linear combination of its surrounding values For example Pap Panin Pajo Pan ua Bian But Pansi A nonlinear filter assigns to Bun a value that is not a linear combination of the surrounding values For example Bun max Boun Piss Gi Baton P is1 1 9 4 1 Linear filters Convolution filters A convolution is a mathematical function that replaces each pixel by a weighted sum of its neighbors The matrix defining the neighborhood of the pixel also specifies the weight assigned to each neighbor This matrix is called the convolution kernel For each pixel Bun in an image the convolution kernel is centered on Pap Each pixel masked by the kernel is multiplied by the coefficient placed on top of it Bun becomes the sum of these products 198 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry In the case of 3x3 neighborhood the coefficients of the kernel matrix can be indexed as follows K 1 1 Kaj Kisii Kii Kin Kin K 1 41 Ka Kinje The grater the absolute value of a coefficient Kia the more the pixel Pia contributes to the new value of Bun If a coefficient Kia is 0 the neighbor Pia does not contribute to the new value of Bun 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 then Pan Pain Paan Paan Paj If the kernel contains
138. o available If the option is checked the program automatically saved the data to the hard disk after each acquisition Additionally the user may delete a given or all acquisition folders To re organize the camera memory a de fragmentation utility is also available proVISION XS Users Manual 105 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 8 2 2 sharpVISION and Megaplus 106 Samples Acquisition Configuration Samples Save to File Samples 10 Memory Limit MB System Free Memory MB 500 992 Allocated Memory MB 10 000 UL Cameras 1 be Images per Sample i Images per Camera 10 When images are recorded from sharpVISION and Megaplus cameras they are streamed to HOST RAM The maximum number of images that can be streamed at the video rate to HOST memory depends on the maximum system capacity and the number that the user allows When a longer record is required the file storage feature needs to be enabled In this case the system acquires to RAM followed to a write to disk until the desired record length is achieved Samples The number of samples can be set according to the acquisition mode In continuous and triggered mode it corresponds to the number of acquired frames while in double exposure it corresponds to the image pairs The Images per sample Cameras and Images per Camera controls show the actual configuration Memory lim
139. o conduct the correlation in a more efficient manner it is desirable to centre the filter range This is done using the images OFFSET feature In this case a negative offset in the x direction of 3 is used to make the range symmetric NOTE In subsequent computations the Range Filter may be taken out of the Auto mode In some instances it is desirable however to set the filter manually to include a larger range In the present example we would set the filter to 5 gt U gt 5 and 2 gt V gt 2 such that one is assured that the search for the correct correlation peak is not clipped In this example note that 1 The Range Filter has been set and the Auto button has been disabled The Error check is automatically enabled The red arrows show the interpolated vectors The program automatically launches Tecplot with the default layout configuration Pop As an exercise the user may interactively optimize the Range Filter together with the Image Offset parameter It is noteworthy that the interrogation size is about right according to the stated rule that the size needs to be about 4 times the maximum displacement However good results absence of interpolations are achieved with an interrogation size set at 16 20 pixels The mesh selection parameters are provided on the Mesh page of the Settings dialog box The Output includes the Tecplot window with the default layout as shown Configuring a Tecplot layout file did the graphical presen
140. o convert IF you want to change your current database path click the Open Database button If your current database version is 3 00 you don t need to convert it Current Database Path C Program Files IDT proVISION DB Open Database Current Database Version 2 00 Converted Database Version 3 00 The current database needs to be converted To continue click Next The user may change the Current database Path by pressing the Open Database button to browse the hard disk and locate a valid database directory A directory is recognized as valid if it contains the file proVISION mdb proVISION XS Users Manual 181 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry proVISION XS Database Converter Conversion Status The Database Converter Wizard is performing the requested operations Please wait Session NoSwil3DCalT est011706 Calibration No Calib Acquisition Acquis000 Analysis Analysis000 File Name Settings piv Click Cancel to Abort the operations Cancel If the user presses Next the conversion procedure starts and the full database is updated to the latest version If any error occurs during the conversion a log file will be generated and displayed 182 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 2 Custom PIV DLL 9 2 1 Overview The architecture of proVISION XS allows the user to write the correlation routines and build them into a
141. ocimetry Cameras MotionPro X MotionPro Y MotionScope M sharpVISION or Megaplus cameras may be opened and operated to acquire images and store them into the database The acquired images may be processed on line and stored in various formats TIFF BMP RAW AVI etc Batch series of single image pairs or sequences may be processed in a Batch mode The user may load more than one sequence of images configure the PIV settings and launch the automatic batch process proVISION XS Users Manual 19 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 2 proVISION XS Main Toolbar The Main Buttons Bar is displayed across the top of the main window under the Menu Bar The table below shows all the objects available on the Main Buttons Bar with a short description Main Toolbar Main ToolBar Open File Sequence press this button to open a single image or a sequence of images The button corresponds to the Images item in the start up interface Open PIV Sequence press this button to load a sequence of images from the proVISION XS database and compute the correlation The button corresponds to the PIV Sequence item in the start up interface Open Camera Session press this button to start a camera session to acquire and store images from the cameras The button corresponds to the Cameras item in the start up interface Open Batch press this button to open the PIV batch configuration window The butto
142. ode 88 DPSS Q Switch single Laser Cfg ID 0001 Omot Pulse Separation us Emission _ Hee co oo Trigger Laser E Cameras mm Internal Mode External Mode External Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Laser Div Phase Del Phase Delay ms Time Base ps 900 C Auto In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN Because the input clock frequency can be much higher than the rate supported by the laser camera system a frequency divider is available The laser camera frequency is obtained by dividing the external frequency by the Laser Div value The laser is triggered by a single timing channel A pre trigger pulse is followed by two pulses for the illumination of the images The cameras and the intensifiers are synchronized with the second and third laser pulses The phase of the external input signal may be conditioned by a variable delay The delay is adjusted as fractions degrees of the period of the input clock This feature is very useful to phase lock external periodic events The figure below shows the generated signals In the example the external frequency is divided by four to obtain the Laser and cameras frequency Also a phase delay of 180 degrees is added The cameras and intensifiers are delayed by a puls
143. of a pixel It smoothes the overall shape of objects blurs edges and removes details It is an averaging filters and its kernel uses the following matrix a d c b x b c d a where a b c and d are positive integers and x 0 or x 1 Because all the coefficients are positive each central pixel becomes a weighted average of its neighbors The stronger the weight of a neighbor is The more influence it has on the new value of the central pixel A Gaussian filter attenuates the variations of light intensity in the neighborhood of a pixel It smoothes the overall shape of objects and attenuates details It is similar to a smoothing filter but its blurring effect is more subdued Its kernel uses the following matrix a d c b x b c d a where a b c and d are positive integers and x 0 or x 1 Because all the coefficients are positive each central pixel becomes a weighted average of its neighbors The stronger the weight of a neighbor is The more influence it has on the new value of the central pixel Unlike a smoothing kernel the central coefficient of a Gaussian filter is greater than 1 Therefore the original value of a pixel is multiplied by a value greater than the weight of any of its neighbors As a result a greater central coefficient corresponds to a more subtle smoothing effect A larger kernel size corresponds to a stronger smoothing effect proVISION XS Users Manual 201 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry
144. only 120 Laser Type Nd YAG To continue click Next The user may select the acquisition rate in Hz the acquisition mode single or double exposure the time between pulses delta T for double exposure mode only and the laser type among Nd YAG DPSS Q switch and DPSS Pulse Diode proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Step 3 Session Folder The next step of the wizard helps to identify the session proVISION XS Import Wizard Session Select the session name and the camera model Please select one of the options below want to create a New Session I want to import images into an existing session Enter or select the Session Name below My Session Enter a comment below optional Images acquired in my facility Select the camera model below Other Camera vi To continue press Next Two options are available New Session a new session folder will be created The name comment optional and camera model will be entered If none of the listed models correspond to the camera used to acquire the images the option Other camera must be selected Existing Session the images will be imported in a subfolder of an existing session directory proVISION XS Users Manual 161 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Step 4 Calibration folder After the session the calibration will be selected proVISION XS Import Wiza
145. orrection and interlacing It is supported by more recent Web browsers 9 3 4 AVI Format The Microsoft AVI file format is a Resource Interchange File Format RIFF file specification used with applications that capture edit and play back audio video sequences In general AVI files contain multiple streams of different types of data Most AVI sequences use both audio and video streams A simple variation for an AVI sequence uses video data and does not require an audio stream 9 3 5 BLD Format The BLD format corresponds to the file format RAW which is known from several applications Each BLD file needs a corresponding descriptor file in the DSC format In a BLD file all single frames of an image sequence are stored successively uncompressed in the block format The data is in binary raw data format e g for grayscale pictures 1 Byte per Pixel The descriptor file DSC belonging to the BLD file is a line orientated ASCII file in which values like e g resolution frames or date are stored The DSC file can be created with any text editor 9 3 6 Multi page Raw Format MRF Multi page Raw Format MRF is an uncompressed IDT proprietary file format Multiple raster images are stored in a single file The format is described below Each MRF file contains a file header an image header and an array of bytes that defines the image data bits The image raster data is not compressed and stored in the file as it is Both 8 bit and
146. osure modes the rate is automatically adjusted according to the laser frequency proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Binning The user may select the binning mode from 1x1 to 4x4 In this fashion pixels may be grouped to form a larger pixel which results in added SNR and sensitivity When this parameter is changed the Region of Interest ROI is reset The control is disabled when the camera is playing Pixel Depth The camera images are digitized using 10 bits The output can be 8 bit Gray 8 or 10 bit Gray 16 This control is disabled while the camera is playing or recording Contrast and Brightness The contrast and brightness of the image produced by the camera may be adjusted The values range from 100 to 100 Read Out This parameter controls the speed at which the image data is read from the CCD The supported values are 20 MHz 10 MHz 5 MHz and 2MHz If the pixel format is set to 10 bit the read out frequency is set to 10 MHz When the pixel depth is set back to 8 bit the read out is not automatically reset to 20 MHz Time Out The acquisition time out may be configured The value is in seconds Cooler The camera cooler feature may be activated The parameter enables and disables the thermoelectric cooler inside the camera Shutter This parameter must be set to Yes if the camera has a shutter connected to the timing box When this option is active the
147. owed by the images data Images are stored contiguously in uncompressed format 9 3 7 Multi page Compressed Format MCF Multi page Compressed Format MCF is a compressed IDT proprietary file format Multiple raster images are stored in a single file The format is described below Each MCF file contains a file header an image header and an array of bytes that defines the image data bits The image raster data is compressed and stored in the file Both 8 bit and 16 bit data are supported The file structures are the following proVISION XS Users Manual 195 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 3 7 1 File header A MRF file begins with a file header structure containing the IDT raw file signature typedef struct _RCFILE_HEADER char szSign 8 unsigned long nReserved RCFILE_HEADER Members IDT raw file signature reserved PRCF ILE HEADER szSign 8 a 8 char buffer which contains the signature IDT MCF It indicates that the remainder of the file contains a Multiple Compressed File nReserved this field is reserved for future use 9 3 7 2 Image header The file header is followed by the image header which contains general information about the data stream typedef struct _RCIMG_HEADER u u u u u u RCIMG_HEADER Members nsigned nsigned nsigned nsigned nsigned nsigned long long long long long long PRCIMG_HEADER nSize nPages nWidth
148. own The first allows the user to load and unload the calibration settings if they are available and the current calibration folder is not the _No_Calib The second button toggles the calibration settings dialog box See the picture below Calibration Settings A Configuration Parameters Calibration Model Simplified Ki f Calibrate Save current calibration configuration EI View Calibration Image Camera Options Save calibration image s Import calibration image and settings or point to the corresponding folder The Configuration Tab has two groups of controls The Calibration group will be described in the PIV Processing Tools chapter The Camera Options group allows the user to save the calibration images import calibration images from other folders of the proVISION database or change the path of the current calibration folder 98 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry In the same dialog box the Parameters tab shows the current calibration parameters Calibration Settings Configuration Parameters Parameter Value Dim xA mm 100 000 100 000 Nodes 6 6 Images 9 EN Param View A DN View Y 0 000006750306966 0 0000057 0 000001091215381 0 000002 0 000258562242379 0 00047151 0 000000237262498 0 0000088 0 0001 36331567774 0 00001 35 0 00000203481 4543 o 0000008 0 0001 44540565088 0 0000434 0 0001 356
149. plorer Menu File Menu From the File menu the user may 7 2 2 2 Create a new proVISION XS database Open a proVISION database Edit the settings of a session or acquisition except _On_Line Rename a calibration folder except No Calib or an analysis folder except Analysis000 Delete a session calibration acquisition or analysis folder View Menu From the View menu the user may 7 2 2 3 Show or hide the toolbar address bar or status bar Select the view mode of the right top pane Refresh the explorer contents Tools Menu From the Tools menu the user may 7 2 2 4 The Import images and settings into the database Export database contents in a file with MS Word or text format Edit the Users list Edit the explorer options Help Menu Help menu allow to open this document or show the about dialog box proVISION XS Users Manual 153 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 Using the Explorer 7 3 1 Create a new proVISION XS database 154 New proVISION databases may be created Two options are available Create a database Browse For Folder Browse For the new database folder or create a new directory by clicking on the Make New folder button Desktop E B My Documents H d My Computer ep Local Disk Cs co ao E O DBS IS CO DELL E B Documents and Settings E CO DRIVERS v sene The database directory exists The user locates in th
150. proVI SI ON XS User Manual Particle Image Velocimetry proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Software Release 3 09 Document Revision April 2008 Products Information http www division com North America 1202 E Park Ave TALLAHASSE FL 32301 United States of America P 1 850 222 5939 F 1 850 222 4591 llourenco idtvision com Europe via Pennella 94 I 38057 Pergine Valsugana TN Italy P 39 0461 532112 F 39 0461 532104 pgallorosso idtvision com Eekhoornstraat 22 B 3920 Lommel Belgium P 32 11 551065 F 32 11 554766 amarinelli idtvision com Copyright Integrated Design Tools Inc The information in this manual is for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice Integrated Design Tools Inc makes no warranty of any kind with regards to the information contained in this manual including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Integrated Design Tools Inc shall not be liable for errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages from the furnishing of this information No part of this manual may be copied reproduced recorded transmitted or translated without the express written permission of Integrated Design Tools Inc 2 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Table of Contents de SYSTEM OV CN TE 7 1 1 INTRODUCTION TO PROVIS
151. ptions Options General Options Show Camera 4 records Show Camera B records Show Camera AB records 3D C Show Motors Settings The options dialog box controls the view settings of the proVISION Explorer The user may select the indexes of the cameras he wants to display in the left tree view Cameras The combo box allows selecting the maximum number of cameras that can be shown in 3D view The list below shows all the combinations of the cameras and the user may check and uncheck each item Example the user wants to show camera B acquisitions only The number of cameras must be 2 and the items A and AB must be unchecked Motors If the show motors settings is unchecked the Explorer does not display any motor setting 174 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 8 PIV Processing Examples 8 1 Low Speed Jet 2D Click the Open PIV Images button in the main toolbar the Open PIV dialog box will appear From the left tree view select the path as in the picture below Open Images for Correlation Current proVISION Database Path CADBS Look in i _ Image Preview J Database S F Low Speed Jet 2D Gi yb No Calib yb _On_Line i a 7 Seeded Jet 2D 3 Supersonic Jet 3D Session Type All types Image Sequence Info Images 2 Flags 2D 1 Camera A Image Size 1008x960 8b Delta T N A The low speed jet image pai
152. r is opened The two images are displayed together In this mode the particle image pairs are evident By default the image has a computation mesh in overlay You may accesses the PIV correlation parameters by clicking on the Settings button On top of the configuration page the folder where the results are to be stored is shown Analysis000 To display the remaining parameters for the correlation are viewed by selecting the appropriate pages The computation is executed by pressing the Process button The default interrogation window is 24x24 pixels and the processing mode is the adaptive mode The Range filter which is in Auto mode finds and indicates the range on motion in pixels In this case 5 gt U gt 3 x component and 2 gt V gt 2 y component This filter clips the search of the of the correlation peak to those areas thus making the algorithm immune to possible noise sources outside the range Additionally the automatic error check is also enabled to remove and replace bad vectors proVISION XS Users Manual 175 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The vector derivatives are enabled and evaluated The user has the opportunity to select the size of the differencing kernel The default value the central difference is x 2 and y 2 Additionally the user may enable the interpolation of regions of signal drop out i e regions of the flow without any seeding Such a flow is given in the following example T
153. r meet specific needs This can lead to incompatibilities between different types of TIFF pictures 9 3 2 Bitmap Format Windows bitmap files are stored in a device independent bitmap DIB format that allows Windows to display the bitmap on any type of display device The term device independent means that the bitmap specifies pixel color in a form independent of the method used by a display to represent color The default filename extension of a Windows DIB file is BMP For further information refer to the Microsoft documentation 9 3 3 PNG Format PNG is an extensible file format for the lossless portable well compressed storage of raster images PNG provides a patent free replacement for GIF and can also replace many common uses of TIFF Indexed color grayscale and true color images are supported plus an optional alpha channel Sample depths range from 1 to 16 bits PNG is designed to work well in online viewing applications such as the World Wide Web so it is fully streamable with a progressive display option PNG is robust providing both full file proVISION XS Users Manual 193 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry integrity checking and simple detection of common transmission errors Also PNG can store gamma and chromaticity data for improved color matching on heterogeneous platforms PNG is a platform independent format that supports a high level of lossless compression alpha channel transparency gamma c
154. ras Out Flash Lamp A oS See ES Q switch A gt KQ Switch Delay A Flash Lamp B Kal K Pulse Separation Ga Q switch B gt K Q Switch Delay B HE j Intensifiers 78 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 2 2 External Mode Nd YAG Laser Cfg ID 0001 On Off Pulse Separation ps Q switches ps Emission RR EI z A gt SES aja a Trigger Wa zz be x Laser pm C Lock G switches e E Cameras om v Internal Mode External Mode External Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Laser Div Camera Div o nonn KATE MAAE AIRE amera Frequency Hz VIiVIvVily viivily Phase Del OOOO Fonon e DU Phase Delay ms HHH M a aj a vv Time Base ps 1000 C Auto The external mode allows for the system to be synchronized by an external clock In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN The timing devices have the capability to accurately measure and display the frequency of the external clock signal Because the input clock frequency can be much higher than the rate supported by the laser camera system frequency dividers are available for both the laser and camera operation The laser frequency is obtained
155. rd Calibration Folder Select the calibration folder Please select one of the options below Import in the No calibration folder Create a new calibration folder and import calibration images wist calib Enter or select the Calibration folder name below My Calibration To continue press Next Three options are available No Calibration the images are imported in the _No_Calib sub folder Neither calibration settings nor images are associated to the images Create a new calibration folder and import calibration images the calibration folder name must be entered The calibration images and the settings optional will be imported The procedure is described below Import images into an existing calibration the images can be imported into a calibration sub folder If the selected session does not contain any calibration folder the option is grayed out 162 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Step 5 Calibration Images If in step 3 the option Create a new calibration is selected the calibration images must be imported proVISION XS Import Wizard Calibration Image s Select the calibration image s Load the calibration image s if your calibration requires more than one image press the Z Values button and enter the Z positions Camera Cal AU H cal_A1 tif cal_A2 tif cal_A3 tif Cal A4 H Camera B cal_BO tif cal_B1
156. rd Second sharpVISION model 1400DE or 1500EX fire wire camera with lens Second Roper Megaplus camera with lens Additional Cables Scheimpflug Mounts The 3D PIV system may be configured with a motorized system for the Scheimpflug focusing mounts This option includes e Motorized mounts and Cables with DB25 connectors one per camera e Motor Control Unit and a serial DB 9 Cable e The host PC via the serial communication port and the serial cable operates the Motor Control Unit proVISION XS Users Manual 15 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 2 System Requirements The minimum system requirements to work with the PIV System are the following Operating System Windows 2000 or XP or Vista Processor Pentium Ill or equivalent with 500 MHz processor RAM 256 MB Hard Drive 40GB or greater hard drive recommended Monitor Capable of 1024 x 768 or greater resolution Additional Equipment USB 2 0 or IEE 1394 ports CDR drive recommended 16 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 3 Software Installation VERY IMPORTANT IN SYSTEMS THAT ARE DELIVERED WITHOUT THE HOST PC BEFORE ANY HARDWARE IS INSTALLED THE SOFTWARE NEEDS TO BE COMPLETELY INSTALLED TO INSURE THAT THE DEVICE DRIVERS THAT RUN THE SYSTEM CAN DETECT THE INSTALLED HARDWARE AND WORK PROPERLY The complete software installation may comprise two three or four CD s These CD s contain the required dri
157. rogram such as camera models timing drivers and so on Laser Camera Timing this option is available when the camera windows are closed It allows configuring the general laser parameters such as laser type maximum frequency and minimum pulse separation When a camera session is open the item is disabled and the user may open the laser dialog box by pressing the button on the main toolbar Explorer if this item is selected the proVISION XS Explorer is launched see chapter 7 Database converter if the current proVISION database has been created by a previous version of proVISION a tool for the conversion into proVISION XS format is available For further information refer to the chapter 9 proVISION XS Users Manual 33 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 8 1 General Options 34 Using the tabbed dialog box the hardware parameters and the database path may be set The correlation plug in and other miscellaneous parameters may also be configured Hardware General Options H H F E Database Correlation Miscellaneous Plug in Hardware Camera model XStream VISION Z MotionPro ze Enable Plus Mode MotionPro only Network Adapter 8 NVlDl nForce Networking Controller 2 0 0 0 0 v Network Performance 2500 J Past Most reliable Timing Board Support No Timing Support Motor Type No motorized support v Default Camera Model This parameter cannot b
158. rresponding folder New PIY Settings Copy current settings to new folder Import DIV settings Import settings to current folder Save PIV Settings Update current folder settings All the parameters of the processing algorithm as well as the mesh can be stored for later retrieval on a configuration file The configuration file has the file extension PIV The storage and retrieval of configuration files is done using the buttons on the Configuration Page Edit Analysis name Please enter the Analysis folder name MnalysisO01 Name Rename the PIV settings and the correlation results are stored in a folder which can be renamed If the Rename button is pressed a dialog box appears and allows the user to enter a new folder name If the folder name is AnalysisO00 default analysis folder the Rename button is disabled The default analysis folder cannot be renamed Load PIV settings the settings files are loaded from another results folder and this folder becomes the current one New PIV Settings a new results folder is created and the current settings are copied to the new folder Import PIV settings the user selects the settings from the database and these settings are copied to the current folder Save PIV Settings the current PIV settings are saved in the current folder proVISION XS Users Manual 123 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 2 Corr
159. s in the target correspond to vertical lines on the target image Generic this method is known as distorted in previous versions of proVISION It requires one calibration images for single camera windows and 5 to 31 images for multiple camera windows This model includes distortions on the images due to various reasons lens distortion perspective etc and no constrains on cameras alignments are required proVISION XS Users Manual 139 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 6 2 Single View Images 2D Single view images e g images taken with one camera require a single calibration image 6 6 2 1 Simplified Calibration To start a simplified calibration select Simplified on the model combo box and press the Calibrate button The calibration image is loaded and displayed and the calibration dialog box appears All the PIV dialog bar controls are grayed out the PIV mesh disappears and a rectangular mesh appears The mesh has four handles that can be dragged and moved over four reference points of the calibration image To achieve more precision the zoom factor may be set to 300 or 400 and the handles positioned upon the calibration target marks With the simplified calibration two options are available 1 The camera plane is parallel to the flow plane and there is no perspective the calibration is just a way to find a constant value that will be multiplied by the pixel displacements to find the space displacemen
160. scale factor otherwise the user may edit the scale Color scheme The vectors colorizing scheme may be edited The user may select among Map and Single color If Map is selected the user may choose the map scheme and the variable used to colorize the vectors If single color is selected the user may select the color from a list Zoom The vectors image zoom factor View Image The user may choose whether the image is superposed to the vectors or not Save vectors to file See below proVISION XS Users Manual 171 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 172 9 1 Save vectors to file The vectors may be exported to a file If the sequence contains more than one dataset the vectors may be exported to an AVI or MPEG file If there is only one dataset for example the average the vectors may be exported to a single image file TIF BMP or PNG Save vectors to file Save in DB problems ames arizona My Recent et Opposite Documents let 3D et Same Langley Setup SharpVISION 2D Img Sequence avi E bes o 2 Ei KK My Documents lt File name E 4 Sequence j My Network Save as type Audio Video Interleaved Files avi Select image area 0 0 1280x1024 Frame rate fps mg Draw frame The user may locate the directory change the file name and type and edit some additional parameters
161. se session and calibration folders have been selected the user will select what kind of camera model will be used in the session Then the software enumerates the active cameras and displays a message if no cameras have been detected If a stand alone session has been selected the camera enumeration is not executed and the wizard can continue without cameras 52 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Cameras Session Wizard Cameras Enumeration filter Select the camera models you want to open Please select the camera models you want to list and open MotionPro x MotionPro HS or Stream VISION on USB 2 0 C MotionPro X on GigaBit Ethernet C MotionPro Y Series on USB 2 0 C MotionPro Y series on GigaBit Ethernet C MotionS cope M series on Camera Link To continue click Next Cancel 5 1 4 Fourth Step Cameras configuration The configuration of the active cameras and the link to the available timing devices is done in this step A list of the available cameras is displayed Cameras Session Wizard Cameras Configuration Configure the cameras and the timing boards Check the cameras you want to open and uncheck the cameras you don t want to open Camera Timing Link Refresh List List A MotionPro x4 0001 Pulsed Diode USB 2 0 GB MotionProX4 0001 Pulsed Diode Gigabit Timing Devices Cig Assign automatic IP automatic Assign automatic IP
162. signal that drives the light intensifiers The value may be positive or negative proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Configure Press this button to configure the selected laser offline For further information about timing configuration refer to the Laser Timing setup paragraph in the Camera Acquisitions chapter Refresh List If this button is pressed the timing devices are re enumerated and the parameters reset to default values proVISION XS Users Manual 39 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 9 Window Menu ile Help J Tile Horizontally J Tile Vertically 1 C DB2 Bart _No_Calib Acquis001 IMGA000000 TIF 2 DB Jet XYO6 LY9 _On_Line ImagAB jpa 3 DB Setup _No_Calib _On_Line Camera A X Stream XS 3 If more than a window is open in the program the window menu is used to cascade tile horizontally tile vertically or select one of the windows 40 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 10 Help Menu This menu item contains all of the support links and files including this manual Direct e mail reporting of operational issues with the camera can also be done via the web Authorized users may download the latest version of this manual and the operation software Contents E S Ka Ki L Sech IDT on the Web l IDT Home page License info Technical Support
163. sitiony double dResultX double dResultY unsigned int nFlag VECTOR_DESCR PVECTOR_DESCR Members nPositionX It specifies the X component of the point coordinate in the image nPositionY It specifies the Y component of the point coordinate in the image dResultX It specifies the X component of the correlation result dResultY It specifies the Y component of the correlation result nFlag It specifies the correlation flag proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 9 3 Image Formats proVISION XS supports the image formats listed in the table below Format Ext Pixel Depth Notes Tagged Image File Format TIFF TIF 8 16 24 Gray Color Windows Bitmap BMP 8 24 Gray Color Portable Network Graphics PNG PNG 8 16 24 Gray Color Multi Page TIFF MPT 8 16 24 Gray Color Multi page Raw MPR 8 16 24 Gray Color IDT proprietary Multi page Compressed MCF 8 16 24 Gray Color IDT proprietary Audio Video Interleaved AVI AVI 8 24 Gray Color standard codec Weinberger Sequence BLD BLD 8 24 Gray Color 9 3 1 TIFF Format TIFF pictures store a single raster image at any color depth TIFF is arguably the most widely supported graphic file format in the printing industry It supports optional compression and is not suitable for viewing in Web browsers The TIFF format is an extensible format which means that a programmer can modify the original specification to add functionality o
164. t 1 USB 2 0 port and 1 PCI slot available Camera MotionPro X High speed camera all models Timi National Instruments 6602 PCI board mng IDT External Timing Unit Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens USB 2 0 cable or Ethernet Cable Cables DB68 to DB68 cable for connecting the PCI board to the external box Trigger cable for the camera proVISION XS software Software National Instruments DAQ software Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 1 1 2 MotionPro Y cameras MotionPro Y Camera and MotionPro Timing Hub Computer PC with at least 2 USB 2 0 ports Camera MotionPro Y High speed camera all models Timing MotionPro Timing Hub USB 2 0 Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens Cabl USB 2 0 cables or Ethernet Cable anes Trigger for the camera Sof proVISION XS software pilates Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 MotionPro Y and NI 6602 Timing board Computer PC with at least 1 USB 2 0 port and 1 PCI slot available Camera MotionPro Y High speed camera all models Timi National Instruments 6602 PCI board Iming IDT External Timing Unit Lens 50 mm Nikon standard lens USB 2 0 cable or Ethernet Cable Cables DB68 to DB68 cable for connecting the PCI board to the external box Trigger cable for the camera proVISION XS software Software National Instruments DAQ software Tecplot V 9 0 or 10 0 proVISION XS Users Manual 11 proVISION XS Particle
165. t acquisition directory is shown The user may save the image in a new file and select the format TIFF BMP or PNG or overwrite one of the existing files A preview of the existing files is displayed in the preview window The user may also delete one or more existing mask files Delete File button Load Import Mask Image The user may load one of the mask images located in the current acquisition folder or import and load any mask image from the database A preview of the selected image is shown in the right pane 138 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 6 The Calibration Procedure 6 6 1 Overview In the paragraph Saving calibration images of the section 5 of this manual a description of how to acquire and save calibration images is shown Calibration images are saved in a directory which name is entered by the user The calibration procedure can be done if the calibration images are saved in the current calibration directory The default _No_Calib folder does not contain calibration images so the calibration buttons are disabled Two calibration models are available Simplified this method is known as standard in previous versions of proVISION It requires one calibration image in single camera windows 2D as well as in multiple camera windows 3D This method requires that the calibration target is vertically aligned with the camera i e vertical line
166. taaeeeeetaaeeeeeeaeeeeeenaeeeeneaa 174 8 PIV PROCESSING EXAMPLE 0 ccccccsseseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 175 8 1 LOW SPEED JET 2D denai aE E e E REE EEE EE DARE EAE 175 8 2 SEEDED JET ISSUING IN A NON SEEDED ENVIRONMENT 2D NET 177 8 3 SUPERSONIC ETS EE 179 H APPENDIX visiscccstciccccsccasccexecicccestcicaccntciacndsteiensdstedsandscciencstetuaduaenendatecs 181 9 1 THE DATABASE CONVERTER ssssssseeeneeenererrerrrerrrerrrerrrerrrerrrrerrreerreerrerrrerreene 181 9 2 GUSTOM PIV RT EE 183 9 21 OVENI ET 183 9228 Exponed AP lest states Hectic tat tae ee tee ee 184 9 2 3 Constants and StrUuCtures ccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeceneeeesaeeeeneeceaeeesaaesseaaesseneeseaeeesenaeesenees 190 9 3 IMAGE FORMAT Sitisssestecnsts bd cixSercivece eed a e a ea E TERRA 193 Cha TIFF e EE 193 932 Bitmap Format moer aN ie cine A eevee deel dae ENSE EA ANEAN 193 GE PNG Ke EE 193 o EC E MR ETA A oT a Ae I EEEE E E static citi bead tee E ates 194 9 3 5 BED Formatai iian ive Bie ee 194 9 3 6 Multi page Raw Format MRF ee cececeeeeeenneeeeeeeaeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaaeeeeseaaeeeeseaaeeeeeeaas 194 9 3 7 Multi page Compressed Format MCF ssssssesseesseesseesssessnnssnnsennsnnnsnnnsrnneennssnnens 195 9 3 8 Note on 16 bit grayscale Tomas 197 9 4 SPATIAL FILTERING eset cecs teas toutes a ENEE Edge dE 198 9 4 1 Linear filters Convolution iers 198 9 4 2 lt Nonlinear iers 202 9 4 3 Adding noise tO Images
167. tangular mesh is restored Mesh Name the edit box indicates the file name of the current mesh Mesh Color the color of the mesh can be selected among 16 different colors Import Mesh files may be imported If the Import Mesh Button is pressed a dialog box appears The user may browse the database and select a mesh file from any analysis folder A preview of the mesh file is shown on the right side of the dialog box If the OK button is pressed the selected mesh is loaded and set as default mesh Export Mesh files may be saved exported If the Export mesh button is pressed a dialog box appears The user may save the current mesh as a new file or overwrite any of the existing mesh files on the current analysis directory Existing mesh files may also be deleted by pressing the Delete File button proVISION XS Users Manual 127 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 4 Filter Page Filter Prior to performing the correlation the code allows for pre filtering of the image data with conventional high and low pass filtering algorithms The Image Filters page allows the user to configure the filtering operation such that more than one filter may be applied to the data in sequence PIV Settings A AnalysisO01 Vectors Colors Histogram Output Sequence Configurations Correlation Mesh Filter Filter Name gt gt gt gt Laplacian Type Y Contour 4 no Image Y Contour
168. tation The Output page allows the user to select the layout file to be loaded In this case the layout file ImgA lay resident on the corresponding results folder was configured to present the results as vectors superposed on contours of vorticity Q 0 086 0063 0037 0 012 0013 0 059 0064 005 200 300 400 500 500 700 176 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 8 2 Seeded Jet issuing in a non seeded environment 2D Courtesy Technion Israel Click the Open PIV Images button in the main toolbar the Open PIV dialog box will appear From the left tree view select the path as in the picture below Open Images for Correlation Current proVISION Database Path CADB3 Look in _ Image Preview E T Database F Low Speed Jet 2D S F Seeded Jet 2D Eb No_Calib Sb _On_Line S rA Supersonic Jet 3D Session Type All types vi Image Sequence Info Cancel 2 2D 1 Camera 4 Images Flags Image Size 992x1030 8b Delta T N A The distinguishing feature in these images is the lack of seeding in the entrainment flow In this example we will learn how to deal with this potential problem We will illustrate the program features that correctly address this potential problem by placing a mesh at the edge shear layer of the jet This kind of mesh is supplied with the PIV Settings configuration file in the Database file structure It is no
169. ted continuously An Abort button allows the user to abort the batch process proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 proVISION XS Explorer 7 1 Overview The proVISION Explorer main window is divided into three panes one on the left side of the window the others on the right U proVISION XS Explorer DB SharpVISION 2D _No_Calib _On_Line AnalysisO00 File Yiew Tools Help 21 Lei Address J proVISION XS Database Lb General Ee General Options H Record Configuration Img plt Img vera ImgA Sequ E Devices 3 E9 Timing Device 0001 13 proVISION XS Database a All Demmi E F E54 3D wi u Dt pa D FZ Four Image Calibration Test e HiSpeed Jet xs3 D Hi Speed Jet xs4 9 HIFEX 1 Playback Speed H E High Speed Jet X5 4 2D Slow Fast 7 Import oF D a Japan 2D ah Camera A 000001 v Auto scale Scale Lb Cameras AB rA Nasa Trapwing FZ NoSwirl3DCalTest011706 E Rectangular Ideal Z zestl E F Session 01 Variable Lenght v amp Setup S F SharpVISION 2D Edit color map hb Camera A Colscheme Map v i No Calibration Zoom 47 ge Motors SS Sigh _On_Line Mb Settings le Analysisooo e Si Je View image Left Pane the left pane is a tree view and displays the tree structure of the proVISION database The tree view structure reflects how the proVISI
170. ted in the table below Signal Description Level TRIGA External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE Output 0 Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 1 Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 2 Light Intensifier A TTL HIGH TRUE Output 3 Light Intensifier B TTL HIGH TRUE Output 4 Flash Lamp A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 5 Q Switch A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 6 Flash Lamp B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 7 Q Switch B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Timing Unit it supports three triggering operation modes INTERNAL EXTERNAL and SYNC The default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below Signal Description Level TRG IN External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE TRG OUT Trigger Output TTL HIGH TRUE CAM A Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE CAM B Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE LAS A Flash Lamp A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE LAS B Flash Lamp B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE QS A Q Switch A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE QS B Q Switch B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 2 1 Internal Mode Nd YAG Laser Cfg ID 0001 On Off Pulse Separation ps Q switches ps Emission RR EI z 5 S SES aja a ellsllsel eiis Y Trigger MEN Laser cam C Lock G switches e Cameras MEN Internal Mode External Mode Laser Frequency Hz Sub Mod
171. teworthy that the regions without seeding are automatically indicated as drop outs This is achieved during the computation by appropriately flagging the vector locations corresponding to those locations as no data points Furthermore if the file log flag is enabled on the Settings output page the flag types are recorded as well in the results file structure In this case it is possible to use the blanking features of Tecplot to prevent the display of such data points This is illustrated in the picture below proVISION XS Users Manual 177 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry WV 6 322 5 453 4 583 3 713 2 843 4 973 1 103 0 233 50 178 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 8 3 Supersonic Jet 3D Click the Open PIV Images button in the main toolbar the Open PIV dialog box will appear From the left tree view select the path as in the picture below Open Images for Correlation Current proVISION Database Path CD Look in Image Preview E T Database a 7 Low Speed Jet 2D F Seeded Jet 2D E FZ Supersonic Jet 3D yb Opposite View gb Dn Une SE Session Type All types Image Sequence Info Images 6 Flags 3D 2 Cameras B Image Size 2016x982 8b Delta T N A This file structure indicates that the images were acquired with a calibration The file open routine recognizes from the file tag the mode and adjusts automatically the type
172. th the position of the lens focal plane Translation and the Rotation angle to achieve the Scheimpflug angle To minimize the risk of malfunction ONLY one motor may be accessed at the time To focus use the Translation first to obtain sharp images in the center of the image then use the Rotation control to sharpen the edges A combo box at the top of the dialog bar allows selecting the active camera Once the camera is selected the user may operate the translational motor or the rotational Translational motor Motor Settings Settings Active Camera Camera v Translation mm Rotation degrees 2 480 0 000 Camera Motor Control Motor Translational v a E gt 0 000 12 50 25 00 l V l l I I I I l l 2 48 Speed J Scan Motors In the Camera Motor Control group the Translational item is selected On the right side three buttons allow moving the motor forward right arrow backward left arrow or stopping it central square icon button Below the buttons a slider control shows the current motor position and the position range The scroll bar handle may be dragged to set a new motor position The position values are in mm The translation speed is controlled by the Speed slider Home Motors if this button is pressed all the motors of the selected camera are set to the Home position e g 0 mm for the translational motor and 0 degrees for the rotatio
173. the Thumbnail View from the View menu activates this feature Once an image sequence is opened or acquired by pressing the red button from the Camera Controls the Thumbnail View is populated The Thumbnails are populated as the user scrolls up or down the sequence as indicated by the Playback control tab A frame may be also selected by clicking on one of the thumbnails The current selected image thumbnail is highlighted The user may navigate through the image sequence with the arrows keys proVISION XS Users Manual 31 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 32 Thumbnails Configuration AE Select the step between frames to display in the thumbnails bar and the index of the first frame Starting Frame Frame Step By selecting the Thumbnails Cfg item in the Image menu the user may select how to visualize the thumbnails Some images may be skipped by selecting the frame step For example if you select frame step 2 and starting frame 2 the visualized thumbnails will be the frames with index 2 4 6 8 and so on This option is available in camera views only proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 8 Tools Menu De General Options J Laser Camera Timing gt Explorer 17 Database Converter This menu allows the user to select the following items General Options the default options for the p
174. the previous next frame or to the first last frame When the current frame is the first of a sequence this button is grayed Playback Speed The playback speed may be adjusted Frame Index and Slider The frame index 0 to frames 1 is also displayed The slider bar can be used to browse through the frames proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 The Camera Settings All the camera controls to include the exposure recording and acquisition modes are conveniently placed on the camera toolbar The toolbar also includes informational displays such as the camera type and the current camera selection The camera properties dialog box configures the camera for the acquisition This dialog is accessed via the Camera Settings item in the Camera menu The first Tab of this dialog box presents itself different ways according to the type of camera in use The MotionPro X camera supports the dialog tabs below settings memory image layout and histogram Camera Settings Settings Memory Image Layout Histogram The sharpVISION and Megaplus camera models support the dialog tabs below settings image layout and histogram Camera Settings Settings Image Layout Histogram proVISION XS Users Manual 63 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 1 MotionPro MotionScope settings 64 MotionPro X Y MotionScope M Camera Settings Settings
175. the kernel operation being used proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 4 1 Editing User Filters User Filter Configuration Dialog Box Edit User Filters Filter Average 5x5 Create your own filter kernel by editing the matrix then press the Save s button to add the filter to the list Once the filter is in the list you may select it from the Filters User sub menu Press the Save button to save any modification or Delete to remove it from the list 3 Ce Coane Cee e Parameters Columns Rows Anchor Point x Anchor Point Y Divisor Click over the filter coefficient you want to edit Preview The User filter utility provides the user with the flexibility to apply a custom filter and save the kernel for future use The filter kernel size anchor point and image divisor are also available for custom configuration Once a custom filter has been created and saved the user may use it on the images by selecting the menu item that will be added below the Edit item proVISION XS Users Manual 27 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 5 PIV Menu 28 The PIV menu comprises all the tools included in the PIV dialog bar described in the following chapters The user may select the image pairs calibrate add and edit mask images process the current image pair or the entire sequence
176. this option is available only for 3D images When the check box is checked the results of 3D images can be saved in two files one for each view Configurable Output the controls in this section allow configuring which variables have to be recorded in the plot files The supported variables are different for 2D and 3D images 2D Images any plot files contains X Y U and V The variables UL Uy Vx Vy Vector Flag and Correlation Size can be configured 3D images any plot file contains X Y Z U and V and W The variables Ux Uy Vx Vy W Wy Vector Flag and Correlation Size can be configured The variables can also be combined in two functions Launch Tecplot if this check box is checked Tecplot is launched each time a correlation process is invoked The results are displayed with the Layout file selected in the Vectors Layout File for vectors and Average Layout File for Averages edit boxes Vectors Layout and Average Layout Files the edit boxes show the layout file used for the display of the vectors when Tecplot is launched If no values are specified the Default2D lay or Default3D lay files are used proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 6 3 9 Sequence Page Sequence Once an image sequence is loaded it is possible to process it with a single command entry and generate averages based on whether the appropriate box is checked on the Output page This command entry
177. to the set Cycles Frequency A further delay may be added to the gate The value is in milliseconds The value is added to the delay cycles to obtain the delay from the Trigger In signal proVISION XS Users Manual 81 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry The figure below shows the signals in a configuration of 3 delays cycles and a further delay in ms Trigger In Trig Out Gate gt K Delay ms Cameras Out Flash Lamp A K Delay Cycles 3 gt Q switch A Q switch Deia a K The MotionPro Timing Hub does not support this operation mode 82 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 3 DPSS Q Switch double Laser MotionPro Timing Hub it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNAL and EXTERNAL The default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below Signal Description Level TRIGA External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE Output 0 Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 1 Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 2 Camera C Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 3 Light Intensifier A TTL HIGH TRUE Output 4 Light Intensifier B TTL HIGH TRUE Output 5 Light Intensifier C TTL HIGH TRUE Output 6 Q Switch A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 7 Q Switch B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Timing Unit it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNA
178. togram Camera Settings Show Cumulative Active Cam D Auto Bin Size Bins 100 E The image intensity Histogram is used to set the camera exposure parameters and with the camera focusing to optimize the dynamic range The histogram is computed on the grayscale pixel values The histogram shows the pixel values on the X axis 0 to 255 for 8 bit images and 0 to 1023 for 10 bit images and the percentage on the Y axis 0 to 100 proVISION XS Users Manual 73 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 The Laser Timing Setup 5 5 1 Overview 74 The timing interfaces MotionPro Timing Hub or Timing Box plus NI 6602 PIC board provide the necessary trigger signals to operate a solid state laser such as an Nd YAG or a Pulsed Diode laser They produce TTL type output signals that drive the lamps and or the Q Switch triggers The units also output TTL signals for triggering cameras as well as light intensifiers Two different configurations of timing devices are supported MotionPro Timing Hub the USB 2 0 device does not require PCI boards and provides 8 independent output signals and 2 inputs The meaning of the output signals change according to the type of laser and the configuration settings For a description of the connectors map please refer to the appendix Timing Unit the timing external unit requires the National Instruments PCI 6602 board It provides output s
179. ts and velocities In this condition both horizontal and vertical lines of the calibration target are perfectly parallel to the rectangle sides In the Calibration dialog box the Use Perspective option is OFF and the rectangle sides are parallel 2 The camera plane is not parallel to the flow plane and there is a perspective effect the calibration computes the values of some parameters that allow the conversion of the pixel displacements in space displacements and velocities In this condition the perspective effect is computed only on horizontal lines while vertical line must be parallel to the rectangle vertical sides In the Calibration dialog box the Use Perspective option is ON and the rectangle horizontal lines can be converging while the vertical are parallel 140 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Calibration Dialog Simplified Calibration Camera Model sharp VISION 1400 DE v Pixel Size um Grid Color x Dim mm 200 Focal mm 50 Y Dim mm 200 Focal B mm Diag mm Use Perspective Once the perspective parameter is set and the grid handle are in the correct position the user enters some parameters Camera model Pixel size the camera model is necessary to identify the pixel size If the camera model is not in the list the pixel size can be edited X Y Dimensions the user enters the dimensions in mm of the rectangle
180. ub and will be described in a paragraph below The figure below shows the signals configuration Internal Clock gt K Rate Cameras Out Laser Triggers gt K Pulse Separation gt K Duration eat fala Intensifiers proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 5 1 External Mode Pulsed Diode Laser Timing Cfg ID 0001 Hu Pulse Separation us Duration Emision RRR ER RER pen hj ajjaj aja all ae Aj ajja vii vj vj vj v viv vj vj v Trigger Laser Cameras mm 160 ps Internal Mode External Mode External Frequency Hz Laser Frequency Hz Camera Frequency Hz Laser Div Phase Del RB MEE Ton ellsilslls vivi Time Base ps DUU C Auto In this mode a TTL compatible drive signal is required at Trigger IN Because the input clock frequency can be much higher than the rate supported by the laser camera system a frequency divider is available The laser camera frequency is obtained dividing the external frequency by the Laser Div value The phase of the external input signal may be conditioned by a variable delay The delay is adjusted as fractions degrees of the period of the input clock This feature is very useful to phase lock external periodic events The duratio
181. uences may be processed in a Batch mode The batch configuration dialog box may be accessed via the Open Batch menu item from the File option or from the button on the Main Toolbar proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 2 Edit Menu This menu allows the user to UNDO or REDO image operations such as filtering or LUT operations 2 3 3 Image Menu This menu contains all of the available LUT operations that may be done on the image in addition to the simple geometrical operations of flip and rotation orientation Filter PIV view Tools Window Help Adjust 5 Color Map Lookup Table gt E Brigthness and Contrast Orientation Gamma Correction Info FA Invert Histogram Equalize The Info item activates a dialog box that displays the main settings of the image sequence such as width height and number of frames The Lookup Table submenu allows the following LUT transformations linear equalize logarithmic exponential and gate For further information on Lookup Tables please refer to the appendix The Adjust submenu allows colorizing B W images It allows also adjusting Brightness and Contrast adding gamma correction inverting and histogram equalizing images NOTE Brightness and Contrast Gamma LUT Invert and Histogram Equalize are intensity operations Any intensity operation can be applied to the image only once If the user applies a LUT
182. uis001 Acquis002 etc C Save On line Images Acquis001 Acquis002 Acquis003 Se EEEE New Acq Acquisition Name quis ew Acq Samples mn Delete Acq Frames Time Frames 800 0 80000 s Delete All File Type Single TIFF Files tg v Defrag Camera Memory Map Total Size 1 GB 1024 MB Legend Green free memory Red done acquisition Blue undone acquisition Cancel This dialog allows the user to configure the acquisitions in the camera memory The images are recorded a sub directories of the current calibration folder If the Automatic acquisition names generation option is on the folder names cannot be edited The first acquisition directory name defaults to On Line Subsequent acquisitions are stored in sequentially numbered directories Acquis001 AcquisO02 Acquis003 This dialog box can be used to set the number of frames to record as well and displays the total size of the acquisition and the record time It is important to notice that this dialog box manages primarily the image files stored in the camera memory However it also sets the image type format for the archiving of files in the computer disk system Available image file formats are also shown New acquisition folders may be created to store a new sequence of images using the New Acq button For each of these folders the user can configure all of the parameters independently The Auto download option is als
183. ut clock This feature is very useful to phase lock external periodic events The figure below shows the generated signals In the example the external frequency is divided by four to obtain the Laser and cameras frequency Also a phase delay of 180 degrees is added External Clock gt K Rate Laser Divider 4 jl Cameras Out gt K Phase Delay 180 JI EE gt kK Pulse Separation Q Switch B l l Intensifiers Q Switch A proVISION XS Users Manual 85 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 4 DPSS Q Switch single Laser This laser model has a single input channel for gq switch The laser signals are generated from a single Timing Hub output This model is supported by the MotionPro Timing Hub only MotionPro Timing Hub it supports two triggering operation modes INTERNAL and EXTERNAL The default state is internal The trigger signals are listed in the table below 86 Signal Description Level TRIGA External Trigger Input TTL HIGH TRUE Output 0 Camera A Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 1 Camera B Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 2 Camera C Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 3 Light Intensifier A TTL HIGH TRUE Output 4 Light Intensifier B TTL HIGH TRUE Output 5 Light Intensifier C TTL HIGH TRUE Output 6 Q Switch Trigger TTL HIGH TRUE Output 7 Trigger Out TTL HIGH TRUE proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 5 4 1 Internal Mod
184. v Variable Lenght a Edit color map Zoom 33 Fit to Window View image Save vectors to file lt When one of the plot files on the left is selected the right bottom pane shows the vectors The controls allow selecting the vector parameters as shown below 170 proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Playback Speed Slow Fast Di 000001 v Eon Ti U v v B V Auto scale Scale Col scheme Map ze Variable Lenght ze ee Edit color map Zoom 33 Fit to Window View image Save vectors to file Playback controls The user may play back and forward the vectors sequence show the first and the last dataset playback repeatedly Playback speed The playback speed may be controlled fast to slow Plot selection The datasets included in the sequence are listed If a sequence file is selected the list contains the index of the datasets 0 to N 1 If the single files sequence is selected the list contains the names of the single files for ex 000000_X_000001 If the average file is selected the list contains a single item name average Vectors variables For each data set the X and Y controls list the variables saved in the plot file The user may select the variables to display Vectors scaling factor If auto scale is selected the program computes automatically a
185. vers and other software components as well as example images Two of the CD s install device drivers and contain third party software from National Instruments and are labeled NI DAQ and NI IMAQ Megaplus cameras only The third CD installs the Tecplot data presentation package from AMTEC Engineering The fourth CD contains the IDT proVISION software and device drivers and the example images The installation self running script prompts the user for additional information such as the directories for the files The following approach is recommended 1 Install the software on the CD labeled NI DAQ 6602 PCI card only The software should be installed in drive letter Program Files National Instruments NI DAQ If the system is being configured to use sharpVISION or MotionPro X cameras skip step 2 if the timing signals are provided by the MotionPro Timing Hub skip point 1 also 2 Install the software on the NI IMAQ CD Megaplus cameras only The software should be installed in drive letter Program Files National Instrumenits NI IMAQ When prompted there is no need to install any documentation 3 Install Tecplot the proVISION software package uses Tecplot as the primary data visualization tool If the Tecplot software package has not been previously installed install it on drive letter Program Files Tec90 or Tec100 4 Install the proVISION XS CD Follow the instructions and select the appropriate camera options the timing support as
186. ware 1 Averages the vectors and saves the result in the average Plot file 2 Launch a new instance of Tecplot to show the average data If the Launch Tecplot option is selected 3 Averages the images data and prompts the user to save them If the user answers yes the average images will be saved in the current acquisition folder in TIFF format proVISION XS Users Manual 113 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 10 Creating and saving mask images Masking is operated using a binary image overlapped to the acquired images The mask image pixels may be white or black white pixels are transparent while black ones hide the corresponding points of the image When the correlation is done the points of the mesh that are over a mask point are not calculated A detailed description of the masking tools may be found in the PIV Processing Tools chapter This section shows how to generate mask images from the images captured by the cameras in a session In order to create a mask image from camera images the Masking need to be activated To do this press the Mask On Off button and set it to the ON position If the On Off button is pressed the other buttons are enabled If a mask image has been configured it will be overlapped on the camera image see picture below A proViSiON XS DB High Speed Jet XS 3 2D _No_Calib Acquis001 ImgA mcf File Edit Image Filter DIV Me Tools Window Help 2AB tH t Oo Ss dl
187. x The user may select the default built in correlation algorithm or one of the other algorithms proVISION XS Users Manual proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry Miscellaneous General Options OG U F Hardware Database Correlation Plug in Miscellaneous Select the maximum amount of memory that the program can allocate when a sequence of PIV images is loaded Phisical Memory MB 201 5 Memory Limit MB 64 v C Enable cameras diagnostic trace Show Main Menu dialog at start up C Enable automatic check for updates Memory Limit If a sequence of images has been acquired and saved on the hard disk the user may want to open it and display it for processing The memory limit sets the maximum amount of memory that the program may allocate when such a sequence is opened Enable Log If this check button is checked camera operations are recorded in text format in a trace file in the program folder This option is used for diagnostic purposes Show Main Menu dialog at start up When proVISION XS starts the main menu dialog box appears Uncheck this option if you don t want it to be displayed Enable automatic check for updates The application checks the web site for software updates and prompts the user if any update is available proVISION XS Users Manual 37 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 2 3 8 2 Laser Camera Timing 38 Laser Ca
188. xt With the Browse button the user selects a session by locating its session configuration file extension SES enters the new name and then presses Next to start importing A review settings dialog box asks to check the settings and then the import is started proVISION XS Import Wizard Review Settings Review the Settings and start the import procedure The wizard has finished configuring the images import If you want to review or change any setting click Back If you are satisfied with the settings click Next to start the import procedure Current settings Item Value proVISION Il Session Dir C Program Files IDT proVISION DB Seeded Jet 2D New Session Name Seeded Jet 2D Cancel proVISION XS Users Manual 157 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 7 3 3 2 Import generic images Images acquired and recorded with third party software may be imported into the proVISION XS database as calibration or acquisition images The user may create new sessions and calibration folders or import the images in pre existing sessions Step 1 Images The first dialog box allows the user to select the images and the time between laser pulses delta T proVISION XS Import Wizard Acquired images Select the images to import or press next if you are importing the calibration images only Please select one of the options below I want to import images for camera A I want to import ima
189. y acquired images and reduces the noise Pixel Sensitivity Correction PSC The different pixels sensitivity may be corrected Post filtering After the background removal and the pixel sensitivity correction the images may be post filtered Optimal Background Acquire the images in the optimal conditions the camera lens cap must be on The driver acquires the background images in the optimal conditions for all the parameters exposure rate sensor gain and pixel gain The background images are not saved to the calibration file Current background Acquire the images in current conditions the camera lens cap must be on The driver computes the background images for the current values of exposure rate sensor gain region of interest and pixel gain If one of those configuration parameters changes after the calibration the background correction may be wrong If the Current Background check box is selected the current background is restored when the program is restarted Reload calibration file the driver loads the default camera calibration file This option is useful if the user wants to reload the default background images Keep Laser Light on if this option is selected the laser light is on during the acquisition of background images proVISION XS Users Manual 65 proVISION XS Particle Image Velocimetry 5 4 2 sharpVISION settings 66 sharpVISION Camera Settings Settings Image

proVISION-XS PIV User Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents