1 ChemFlux Tutorial Manual
Contents
1. 1 4 2 Appendix B e Surface 1 Grid X Y Z X Y Z 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 10 0 14 10 0 0 11 0 14 11 0 0 16 0 14 16 0 0 17 0 14 17 0 0 27 0 14 27 0 2 0 0 21 0 0 2 10 0 21 10 0 2 11 0 21 11 0 2 16 0 21 16 0 2 17 0 21 17 0 2 27 0 21 27 0 3 0 0 24 0 0 3 10 0 24 10 0 3 11 0 24 11 0 3 16 0 24 16 0 3 17 0 24 17 0 3 27 0 24 27 0 e Surface 2 Grid X Y Z X Y Z 0 0 11 14 0 11 0 10 11 14 10 11 0 11 10 14 11 11 0 16 10 14 16 11 0 17 11 14 17 11 0 27 11 14 27 11 2 0 11 21 0 4 2 10 11 21 10 4 2 11 10 21 11 4 2 16 10 21 16 4 2 17 11 21 17 4 2 27 11 21 27 4 3 0 11 24 0 4 3 10 11 24 10 4 3 11 11 24 11 4 3 16 11 24 16 4 3 17 11 24 17 4 3 27 11 24 27 4 39 of 402. G bbb cee 0 09 OP tL EM 1 cae 0 08 ow SE OS ESS 0 07 0 06 0 05 0 04 0 02 0 01 0 00 Tutorial Example3D Cycle 27 Time 400 00 dt 48 350 p2 Nodes 5657 Cells 3458 RMS 6 2e 4 Gradient Vectors show both the direction and the magnitude of the flow at specific points in the model Vectors illustrate that flow is from right to left towards the river in this view with higher gradients near the reservoir The following is a short summary of plots created in ACUMESH illustrating the movement of the plume through the model for times of 50 days 100 days and 400 days Note that the plume does not reach the river channel in within the 400 day time period The below diagram was created in ACUMESH by plotting concentration contours and varying time 1 Open ACUMESH by selecting Window gt ACUMESH from the menu Select Plots Contours from the menu Select c from the Variable Name drop down 2 3 4 Click OK toclose the Contours dialog 5 Select the desired timestep from the Time drop down on the toolbar SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD e Time 50 days e Time 100 days ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 37 of 40 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD e Time 400 days ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 38 of 40 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual
3. CHEMAELUX 2D 3D Contaminant Transport Modeling Software Tutorial Manual Written by Robert Thode B Sc G E Edited by Murray Fredlund Ph D SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Software License The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement Software Support Support for the software is furnished under the terms of a support agreement Copyright Information contained within this User s Manual is copyrighted and all rights are reserved by SoilVision Systems Ltd The CHEMFLUX software is a proprietary product and trade secret of SoilVision Systems The User s Manual may be reproduced or copied in whole or in part by the software licensee for use with running the software The User s Manual may not be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means for the purpose of selling the copies Disclaimer of Warranty SoilVision Systems Ltd reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person of such revision SoilVision does not guarantee warrant or make any representation regarding the use of or the results of the programs in terms of correctness accuracy reliability currentness or otherwise the user is expected to make the final evaluation in the context of his her own problems Trademarks Windows is a registered trademark of
4. 00 6 00 5 00 4 00 3 00 2 00 1 00 0 00 The source has been shut off for 3 years e 12 years 7 00 6 00 5 00 4 00 3 00 2 00 1 00 0 00 0 5 0 8889 2 278 3 667 5 056 6 444 7 833 9 222 10 61 12 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD e Time 20 years 1 2 3 Appendix A ChemFlux Tutorial Manual Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 X Y X Y X Y 0 0 0 2 180 2 250 0 120 2 250 2 250 5 375 120 4 250 4 175 5 5 0 4 180 4 125 6 333 80 6 393 40 6 447 0 6 5 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 23 of 40 Boundary Conditions X Y Boundary Condition 0 0 Gradient Expresion 0 250 0 Continue 250 5 375 Concentration Expression 0 175 5 5 Continue 125 6 333 Continue 80 6 393 Concentration Expression if t lt 5 then 1 else 0 40 6 447 Concentration Expression 0 0 6 5 Gradient Expresion 0 1 3 References C W Fetter 1994 Applied Hydrogeology Third Edition Prentice Hall Inc Upper Saddle River New Jersey C W Fetter 1993 Contaminant Hydrogeology MacMillan Publishing Company New York New York D G Fredlund and H Rahardjo 1993 Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils John Wiley amp Sons New York FlexPDE 3 x Reference Manual 1999 PDE Solutions Inc Antioch CA 94509 Jacob Bear 1972 Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media Dover Publications Inc New
5. 005m Diffusion Coefficient D 0 0423m yr 1 2 2 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps are required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model b Enter geometry c Specify boundary conditions d Apply material properties e Specify model output f Runmodel SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 15 of 40 g Visualize results a Create Model A gradient file generated by SVFLUX is required for this example The seepage model described above has been included in the model files distributed with the SVFLUX software This file was generated previously in the Steady State SVFLUX model example When the solution for the model is finished a gradient file will be automatically created in the solution folder by SVFLUX The file is called gradient trn The user must decide the project under which the CHEMFLUX model is going to be organized If the project is not yet included in the Projects section of the SVOFFICE Manager you must add the project before proceeding with creating the model In this case the model is placed under the project called UserTutorial To add a model l Openthe SVOFFICE Manager dialog 2 Select the project called UserTutorial 3 Press the New button under the Modelsheading 4 Select CHEMFLUX for the Application 5 Enter User Example2D in the Model Name box 6 Select 2D for System Transient for Type Metri
6. 4 1 2 ResultsandDiscussion After the model has finished solving the results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the CHEMFLUX solver Right click the mouse and select Maximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots This section will give a brief analysis for each plot that was generated SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 35 of 40 The Mesh plot displays the finite element mesh generated by the solver The mesh is automatically refined in critical areas Right click on the plot and select Rotate to enable the rotate window ChemFlux Model Example3D lengthunit m timeunit day 10 19 30 11 9 07 E E A M M FlexPDE 5 0 19 Concentration on Y 14 1 00 1 00 0 95 0 90 0 85 0 75 0 70 0 65 0 60 0 55 0 50 0 45 0 40 0 35 0 30 0 25 0 20 0 15 0 10 0 05 le 3 See Botan TR o Bese eee Tutorial Example3D Cycle 27 Time 400 00 dt 48 350 p2 Nodes 5657 Cells 3458 RMS Err 6 2e 4 Integral 116 3422 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 36 of 40 In this contour plot it can be seen the concentration is equal to 1 at the reservoir and decreases to 0 at the river ChemFlux Model Example3D lengthunit m timeunit day 10 19 30 11 9 07 FlexPDE 5 0 19 Water Gradients on Y 14 0 20 0 18 0 17 0 16 0 15 10 4 Se DN 0 14 A 0 13 0 12 0 11 0 10 ALS a
7. Mesh should only have an entry value for Start under the Update Method tab Time Steps 15 Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace There are a few output file types that can be specified to export the results of the model One will be generated for this tutorial example model a file to output the results to AcuMesh for advanced visualization 1 Open the Output Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 34 of 40 2 The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each output file type Click on the ACUMESH button to begin adding the output file The Output File Properties dialog will open 3 title will be entered automatically as User Example3D AcuMesh 4 The variables c vx vy and vz appear automatically as the default 5 Type in the following values under the Update Method Time Steps Start 0 Increment 40 End 400 6 Click OK toclose the dialog and add the output file to the list 7 Click OK toclose the Output Manager and return to the workspace 6 Run Model The current model may be run by selecting the Solve gt Analyze menu option 7 Visualize Results The flow vectors for the current model may be visualized through the following steps l Open ACUMESH View ACUMESH menu option 2 Plot Contours Plot gt Contours 3 Model State States toolbar drop down 1
8. Microsoft Corporation Soil Vision is a registered trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVOFFICE M is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVFLUX TM is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd CHEMFLUX is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVAIRFLOW TM is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVHEAT is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVSOLID is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVDYNAMIC is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd ACUMESH M is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd FlexPDE is a registered trademark of PDE Solutions Inc Copyright O 2008 by SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada ALLRIGHTS RESERVED Printed in Canada 1 3 References CMM 14 Three Dimensional Example X Model SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Table of Contents etu 1 ChemFlux Tutorial Manual rie 1 1 Introduction S 1 2 S dicky Model seen ri eie ne gent 1 2 1 Steady State SVFLUX Model 1 2 2 CHEMFLUX Model 1 2 3 Appendix A 1 4 1 Steady State SVFLUX Solution 1 4 2 Appendix B of 40 O 23 24 24 39 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 4 of 40 1 ChemFlux Tutorial Manual CHEMFLUX 2D 3D Contaminant Transport Modeling Software Tutorial Manual Written by Robert Thode B Sc G E Edited by Murray Fredlund Ph D SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux
9. Time of 20 yr Select the Advection tab Choose mport from the Advection Control option Click Browse Specify the gradient file Examples ChemFlux2D trn that was generated by SVFLUX in the SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 18 of 40 previous example 8 Press OK to close the Settings dialog e Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with AcuMesh software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output Manager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in AcuMesh or for inputting to other finite element packages SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 19 of 40 PLOTMANAGER The plot manager dialog is first opened to display appropriate solver graphs The next step in model setup is to specify the data which will be generated by the finite element solver Both the graphs displayed by the FlexPDE solver as well as the output generated for the subsequent CHEMFLUX analyses must be specified 1 2 ON m D 10 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button foreach plot type Click on the C
10. York Jacob Bear 1979 Hydraulics of Groundwater McGraw Hill New York Jason S Pentland 2000 Use of a General Partial Differential Equation Solver for Solution of Heat and Mass Transfer Problems in Soils University of Saskatchewan Canada Nguyen Thi Minh Thieu 1999 Solution of Saturated Unsaturated Seepage Problems Using a General Partial Differential Equation Solver University of Saskatchewan Canada R Allan Freeze and John A Cherry 1979 Groundwater Prentice Hall Inc Englewood Cliffs New Jersey Tecplot User s Manual version 8 0 1999 Amtec Engineering Inc Bellevue WA 98009 3633 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 24 of 40 1 4 Three Dimensional Example Model The following example will introduce you to the three dimensional model in CHEMFLUX The model will be used to investigate if contaminant from a reservoir will travel to ariver channel due to advection and dispersion processes within a 400 day time period The 400 day time period was chosen as the time necessary to install a pumping well between the river channel and the reservoir The well will be used to pump contaminant from the ground to ensure the plume will notreach the river channel The example model begins with a brief description of the steady state seepage analysis completed to provide CHEMFLUX with computed seepage gradients Next adetailed set of instructions guides the user through the creation of the 3D contaminant transport model P
11. the last point in the list Close the dialog The newly specified boundary condition will be displayed with symbols on the CAD window d Apply Material Properties Material Properties must now be entered and applied to specific regions in the model The following steps are required in order to properly apply material properties l 2 Open Materials Manager Model gt Material gt Manager Click New This will open a new material record Enter Properties Move to the Dispersion tab Enter the Longitudinal Dispersivity a 0 5 m Enter the Transverse Dispersivity 0 005 m Select Constant as the Diffusion option Enter the Diffusion Coefficient D 0 0423 m yr Apply toregions e Open the regions dialog selecting Model gt Geometry gt Regions from the menu e Select Material 1 from the drop down as the material for Region 1 e Repeat for Region 2 andRegion 3 e Click OK toclose the dialog Next the settings that will be used for the model must be specified To open the Settings dialog select Model gt Settings in the workspace menu The Settings dialog will contain information about the current model System Units Time and contaminant transport processes 1 2 S To open the Settings dialog select Model gt Settings in the workspace menu Check Advection and Dispersion in the Processes box under the General tab Choose the Time tab Enter a Start Time of 0 a Time Increment of 1 yr and an End
12. Coefficient D Om day Close the Material Properties and Material Manager dialogs Eachregion will cut through all the layers in a modelcreating a separate block on each layer Each block can be assigned a material or be left as void A void area is essentially air space In this model all blocks will be assigned a material 1 2 Qv Qe ge Select Slope in the Region Selector Select Model gt Materials gt Region Materials from the menu to open the Region Materials dialog Selectthe 3D Tutorial Soil material from the drop down for Layer 1 Close the dialog using the OK button Select Reservoir in the Region Selector Select Model Materials Region Materials from the menu to open the Region Materials dialog Selectthe 3D Tutorial Soil material from the drop down for Layer 1 Close the dialog using the OK button 5 Specify Model Output The next step is to specify the data which will be generated by the finite element solver Both the graphs displayed by the FlexPDE solver as well as the output generated for the subsequent CHEMFLUX analysis must be specified There are many plot types that can be specified to visualize the results of the model A plots few will be generated for this tutorial example model including a plot of the concentration contours solution mesh and water gradient vectors 1 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu SOILV
13. ISION SYSTEMS LTD Plot Manager ChemFlux Tutorial Manual Plots Point Area Volume Flux Sections Surface Flux Other Concentration c Y Water Gradients VEZ Solution Mesh Mesh Title Variable Restriction Projection Update Method Y 14 t from by 50 to 400 Y 14 t from by 100 to 400 Y 14 att 400 3D att 0 33 of 40 MONITOR No No No No lt Add New Plot 2 Plot Settings Custom Plots 2 The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button foreach plot type Click on the Contour button tobegin adding the first contour plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title Concentration Select c as the variable to plot from the drop down Move to the Update Method tab If not already entered enter in the following values for Start 0 Increment 50 End 400 Move to the Projection tab Select Plane Projection option 19 1005 S ION ED Select Y from the Coordinate Direction drop down 10 Enter 4 in the Coordinate field This will generate a 2D slice at Y 14m on which the concentration contours will be plotted 11 Move to the Output Options tab 12 Selectthe PLOT output option 13 Click OK toclose the dialog and add the plot to the list 14 Repeat these steps 2 to 12 to create the plots shown above Note that the Mesh plot does not require entry of a variable under the Description Tab Also note that the Solution Mesh amp
14. Material Manager dialog 4 Laboratory SWCC data Choose the SWCC tab and click the Data button Enter the material properties as found in Table 1 Click OK to accept the data entered and close the SWCC Data dialog 5 Fitting Laboratory data can be best fit with the Fredlund amp Xing 1994 soil water characteristic curve equation Fitting the curve can be accomplished through the following steps a Select Fredlund amp Xing as the fitting method from the SWCC drop down b Enter 0 351 in the field for Saturated VWC c Click the Properties button to set the properties of the Fredlund amp Xing fit d Click the Apply Fit button 6 Enter the Hydraulic Conductivity data Choose the Hydraulic Conductivity Tab and enter the K and Ky ratio values The dialog can be closed once material properties are entered The ChemFlux Soil2 material s properties are available in Appendix A and can be entered in the same manner as ChemFlux Soill 7 Apply toregions The material properties can be applied to regions by opening the Regions dialog Model gt Geometry gt Regions and selecting the appropriate materials from the drop down boxes ChemFlux Soill should be applied to Region 1 and ChemFlux Soil2 should be applied to Regions 2 and 3 e Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite el
15. Specify Boundary Conditions In general flow models must have a defined entry and exit point for water to flow The boundary conditions shown at the start of this model may be entered through the following steps Boundaries Region Name Region 1 Select Shape Index 1585089471 X Boundary Condition Expression or Data CE 77 250 Continue 250 5 375 Concentration Expression 0 g m 3 175 55 Continue 125 6 333 Continue 80 6 393 Concentration Expression ift lt 5 then 1 else 0 g m 3 40 6 447 Concentration Expression 0 g m 3 0 6 5 Flux Expression 0 g yr m Update Selected Segment Boundary Condition Flux Expression v t Length Expression 0 NOTE boundary conditions defined at point remain in effect until re defined at a subsequent point 1 Select Region I Region 1 must be selected by clicking on the region 2 Enter Boundary Conditions The Boundary Conditions dialog may be displayed under the Model Boundary Conditions Properties menu option Once in the dialog the user needs to e Selectthe point 0 0 from the list SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 17 of 40 3 e From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Flux Expression boundary condition equal to 0 e Repeat these steps to define the boundary conditions for the remaining Region 1 segment as shown in the diagram and in the screen shot above Be sure to define a Flux Expression boundary condition equal to 0 for
16. Tutorial Manual 5 of 40 Software License The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement Software Support Support for the software is furnished under the terms of a support agreement Copyright Information contained within this Tutorial Manual is copyrighted and all rights are reserved by SoilVision Systems Ltd The CHEMFLUX software is a proprietary product and trade secret of SoilVision Systems The Tutorial Manual may be reproduced or copied in whole or in part by the software licensee for use with running the software The Tutorial Manual may not be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means for the purpose of selling the copies Disclaimer of Warranty SoilVision Systems Ltd reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person of such revision SoilVision does not guarantee warrant or make any representation regarding the use of or the results of the programs in terms of correctness accuracy reliability currentness or otherwise the user is expected to make the final evaluation in the context of his her own models Trademarks Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation SoilVision is a registered trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVOFFICE is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd CHEMFLUX is a trademark of SoilVision Sy
17. c for Units and Years for Time Units 7 Click OK button to save the model and close the New Model dialog 8 The new model will automatically added be added to the Models list NOTE You will notice that there is no distinction between steady state and transient state in CHEMFLUX This is because all CHEMFLUX models are considered to be transient state b Enter Geometry The geometry for the model can be obtained in the spreadsheet located here Entering the geometry into the newly created SVFLUX model can be accomplished through the following steps l Selectthe Model Geometry Import Geometry From Existing Model menu 2 The Import Geometries dialog will pop up Select the appropriate project name Tutorial 3 Selectthe Vanderhiejde model 4 Press the Import button The World Coordinate Settings and the View Settings may need to be set up again 1 Access the World Coordinate System dialog by selecting View gt World Coordinate System from SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 16 of 40 the menu 2 Enter the World Coordinates System coordinates shown below into the dialog x minimum 10 y minimum 2 x maximum 260 y maximum 6 3 Click OK toclose the dialog For betterviewing results set the magnification factor in the View Settings l Select View gt Settings from the menu 2 Setthe aspect ratio near 1 10 This will magnify the model s height 3 Click OK toclose the dialog c
18. ch output file type Click on the ACUMESH button to begin adding the output file The Output File Properties dialog will open 3 Enter the title ACUMESH 4 Click OK to close the dialog and add the output file to the list Specify Time Steps The OutputFile Properties dialog also allows the user todefine timesteps for the current model This can beaccessed by using the Update Method tab on the OutputFile Properties dialog l Enter a Start Time of 0 a Time Increment of 1 yr and an End Time of 20 yr 2 Click OK to close the Output File Properties dialog and return to the workspace 3 Click OK to close the Output Manager and return to the workspace f Run Model The current model may be run by selecting the Solve Analyze menu option g Visualize Results The flow vectors for the current model may be visualized through the following steps 1 OpenACUMESH View gt ACUMESH menu option 1 2 2 2 Results and Discussion After the model has finished solving the results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the CHEMFLUX solver Right click the mouse and select Maximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots The following is a short summary of plots illustrating the movement of the plume through the model for times of 8 years 12 years and 20 years SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 21 of 40 e 8 years c 0 5 0 8889 2 278 3 667 5 056 6 444 7 833 9 222 10 61 12 7
19. der to improve solution time for the purposes of this tutorial certain finite element options will be set The finite element mesh node limit and grid spacing will be set to generate a simpler mesh that will reduce the solution time 9 10 11 12 13 Select Model gt FEM Options from the menu to open the FEM Options dialog Click on the Advanced gt gt button Click on the Mesh Generation Controls tab Set the NODELIMIT to 10000 Press OK to close the FEM Options dialog The next step in defining the model is to enter the material properties for the single material that will be used in the model Only one material is used for the model with these properties Longitudinal Dispersivity 0 1m Transverse Dispersivity Q 1m Diffusion Coefficient D Om day Open the Materials Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu Click the New Material button to create a material type in a name for the material as 3D Tutorial Soil and click OK The Material Properties dialog will open automatically Move to the Dispersion tab Refer to the data provided above Enter the Longitudinal Dispersivity 1m SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 32 of 40 Enter the Transverse Dispersivity 1m The Diffusion option is set to Constant as the gradient file specified does not contain volumetric water content which is required to define a diffusion curve Enter the Diffusion
20. egion The level of water in the river channel is set using a Head Expression 7m set on the line segment extending from point 14 0 to 14 27 on surface 1 Material Properties There is only one material in the saturated 3D example model Two regions have been implemented in this model in order to apply the necessary boundary conditions The material in the model has a hydraulic conductivity k 2 17e 01 m d SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 27 of 40 e Flow Regime Figure 7 3D Example Flow Regime Flow lines show that groundwater is flowing from the reservoir toward the adjacent river channel The presence of unsaturated material near the surface of the model is causing water to first flow down to the saturated zone and then move toward the river channel SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 28 of 40 1 4 1 1 CHEMFLUX Model Setup 730 Figure 8 3D example CHEMFLUX boundary conditions e CHEMFLUX Material Properties Please note the SVFLUX Solution shown in the diagrams above are a result of the SVFLUX Reservoir3D Tutorial In order to set up the CHEMFLUX model described for this tutorial the following steps will be required The steps for creating a model fall under the general categories of l Create model Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions Apply material properties Specify model output Run model M AME E M ME Visualize results 1 Create Model The first step
21. ement file for viewing with AcuMesh software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software 1 Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output Manager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in AcuMesh or for initial condition input to other finite element packages SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 12 of 40 PLOTMANAGER The plot managerdialog is first opened to display appropriate solver graphs There are many plot types thatcan be specified to visualize the results of the model A few will begenerated for this tutorial example model including a plot of the solution mesh pressure contours head contours and gradient vectors 1 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu Plot Manager F D IS Plots Point Piezometer Area Volume Flux Sections Boundary Flux Climate Review Boundary Other Title Variable Restriction PLOT MO Pressure u Yes No zhead h Yes zpressure u Yes Head h Yes vector gradx grady Yes Mesh Yes Add New Plot Copy Delete Properties Multiple Update 2 Plot settings _ 7 Add Defautts Default Plot The toolbar at the bottom left of the dialog contains a button for each plot type Click on the Contour button tobegin adding the first contour plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title Pressure Select u as the variab
22. g the following steps 1 2 Select Region 1 Region 1 must be selected by clicking on the region Enter Boundary Conditions 1 The Boundary Conditions dialog can be displayed under the Model gt Boundary Conditions gt Properties menu option Once in the dialog the user needs to select the node point 250 5 375 e then select anormal flux expression from the combo box e enteravalue of 0 7 m yr e select the point 0 6 5 and e select the Zero Flux expression from the boundary condition drop down box Enter Boundary Condition 2 The node 250 0 must be selected in the Boundary Conditions dialog The user must then e select a Head Expression boundary condition type and e enteravalue of 5 375 m Close the dialog The newly specified boundary condition will be displayed with symbols on the CAD window A summary of the boundary conditions for this model can be found in Appendix A SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 11 of 40 d Apply Material Properties Material Properties must now be entered and applied to specific regions in the model The following steps are required in order to properly apply material properties l Open Materials Manager Model gt Material gt Manager 2 Click New This will open a new material record Enter ChemFlux Soil as the material name and click OK 3 Enter Properties The material properties for ChemFlux Soill must be entered Click the Properties button on the
23. in defining a model is to decide the project under which the model is going to be organized If the project is not yet included you must add the project before proceeding with the model In this case the model SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 29 of 40 is placed under the project called Tutorial To add a model 1 2 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog Select the projectcalled UserTutorial Press the New button under the Models heading and enter User CHEMFLUXSD as the model title Select the following e CHEMFLUX for Application e 3D for System e Transient for Type e Metric for Units and e Days for Time Units Click the OK button to save the model and close the New Modeldialog The new model will automatically be opened in the workspace 2 Enter Geometry The geometry for the model must be imported from SVFLUX before any other modeling can be done in CHEMFLUX Sho dm oe Select the Model gt Geometry gt Import Geometry gt From Existing Model menu The Import Geometries menu will pop up Select the appropriate project name Tutorials Select the Reservoir3D model Press the Import button A Pop up message will appear stating Current surfaces geometry features art objects flux sections and plots referencing a specific region to be deleted Do you wish to continue Click on Yes A Pop up message will appear asking if you want to copy material properties and assignments Click on N
24. le to plot from the drop down Click the Output Options tab and ensure that only Plot is checked off Click OK to close the dialog and add the plot to the list Repeat steps 2 to 6 to create the plots shown in the above dialog The zoomed plots are not necessary they are used to closely examine key zones in the problem Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace Alternatively the user may press the Add Default Plots button and typical plots will be added to the plot list OUTPUTFILES There are four output file types that can be specified to export the results of the model One will be generated for this tutorial example model a plot to transfer the results to ACUMESH 1 Open the Output Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Output Manager from the menu The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each output file type Click on the ACUMESH button to add the output file with the default variables Press the CHEMFLUX button to add the output file with the default variables SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 13 of 40 Click OK toclose the dialog and add the output file to the list 4 5 Click the Settings button on the Output Manager dialog to open the OutputSettings dialog 6 Ensure the Region Separationcheckbox ischecked press OK toclose the dialog 7 Click OK toclose the Output Manager and return to the workspace f Run Model The cur
25. n of Standard or Professional If not it means that the security codes provided by SoilVision Systems at the time of purchase have not yet been SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 9 of 40 entered Please see the the Authorization section of the SVOFFICE User s Manual for instructions on entering these codes The following steps are required to create the model SR Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog Select ALL under the Applications combo box and ALL for the Model Origin combo box Create a new projectcalled UserTutorial by pressing the New button next to the list of projects Create a new model called User Vanderheijde by pressing the New button next to the list of models The new model will be automatically added under the recently created UserTutorial project Use the settings below whencreating a new model Select the following e SVFlux for Application e 2 for System e Steady State for Type e Metric for Units and e Seconds s for Time Units Click on OK Before entering any model geometry it is best to set the World Coordinate System to ensure that the model will fit into the drawing space 1 Access the World Coordinate System tab by selecting the World Coordinate System tab on the Create New Model dialog Enter the World Coordinates System coordinates shown below into the dialog x minimum 10 y minimum 2 x maximum 260 y maximum 8 Click OK toclose the dialog For better
26. ns Boundary Condition Description Units Boundary Name 0 000 Zero Flux 14 000 Concentration Expression 1 g m 3 24 000 Continue 24 000 Continue 14 000 Zero Flux Update Selected Segment length 14 000 m Boundary Condition Zero Flux gt Boundary Name 3 Close the dialog The newly specified boundary condition will be displayed with symbols on the CAD window 4 Apply Material Properties The next step in defining the model is to specify the settings that will be used for the model The Settings dialog will contain information about the current model System Units Time and contaminant transport processes 1 To open the Settings dialog select Model gt Settings in the menu SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 31 of 40 2 Put a check mark in the Advection and Dispersion boxes in the Processes section under the General tab if they are not already there 3 Move to the Time tab 4 Enter a Start Time of 0 an Initial Increment of 50 days and an End Time of 400 days 5 Select the Advection tab 6 Choose Import from the Advection Control option 7 Click Browse 8 Specify the file ChemfluxInput_Reservoir3D_1 trn that was generated by SVFLUX This file can be found in the following directory CASVSWodelFilesSVSlopeNTutoriaN3aNSteadyState Reservoir3D NOTE It is very important that the TRN file and the geometry are obtained from the same SVFLUX model In or
27. o The import includes any regions region shapes surfaces surface grids and elevations These parts of the model definition are fixed in CHEMFLUX World coordinate system settings and features are also imported if present but may be edited in CHEMFLUX 3 Specify Boundary Conditions In general flow models must have a defined entry and exit point for water to flow The boundary conditions shown at the start of this model may be entered through the following steps D Select Region 1 Slope and Surface 1 must be selected by clicking on the region amp surface SOILVISIOn SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 30 of 40 dialogue at the top of the screen Slope d Surface 1 2 Enter Boundary Conditions 1 The Boundary Conditions dialog may be displayed under the m Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions menu option Once in the dialog the user needs to e Select the starting node point 14 0 e Then select a Concentration expression from the combo box e Enter a value of 0 1 g m e Select the node point 14 27 and specify a zero flux boundary condition Please note although the above boundary conditions may appear to be entered already by default from the geometry import you performed you still need to enter the above conditions for CHEMFLUX analysis to occur Boundary Conditions Location Region Name Slope Surface Surface 1 Segment Boundary Conditions Surface Boundary Conditio
28. odel are as follows LZ a kat 158 m yr Kat 3156 m yr k ratio 1 0 k ratio 1 0 Volumetric water content 0 35 Volumetric water content 0 35 The soil water characteristic curve data was used for both materials in the model Table 1 Soil Suction kPa Volumetric Water Content Ratio 0 0001 0 351 100 0 35 1000 0 349 NOTE Steady state seepage solutions do notrequire that the soil water characteristic curves have an initial positive slope An initial positive slope is only required in transient models where water storage will change with time The initial positive slope on the SWCC applies for the low suction range SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 8 of 40 e SVFLUX Flow Regime Elevation m 1 2 1 1 N A 0 100 200 Distance Along Flow Direction m Figure 2 2D example flow regime Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps or categories will be required a b Create model Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions Apply material properties Specify model output Run model Visualize results a Create Model Since FULL authorization is required for this tutorial the user must perform the following steps to ensure full authorization is activated Plug in the USB security key Go to the File gt Authorization dialog on the SVOFFICE Manager Software should display full authorizatio
29. ontour button tobegin adding the first contour plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title Concentration Select c as the variable to plot from the drop down Select the PLOT from the Output Option tab Move to the Update Method tab and enter a Start Time 0 a Time Increment 1 and an End Time 20 Move to the Zoom tab and enter X 100 Y 0 1 Width 100 and Height 6 6 Click OK toclose the dialog and add the plot to the list Repeat steps 2 to 8 to create the remaining plots Note that the Mesh plot does not require entry of avariable Click OK toclose the Plot Manager and return to the workspace Plot Manager Point Area Volume Flux Sections Boundary Flux Other Title Variable Restriction Update Method Concentration c t from 0 by 1 to 20 Water Gradients VENY t from by 5 to 20 Solution Mesh at t 20 Mesh att 0 Add New Plot Delete _ Properties Update 2 Plot Settings Custom Plots OUTPUTMANAGER There are many output file types that can be specified to export the results of the model One will be generated for this tutorial example model a file to transfer the results to ACUMESH 1 Open the Output Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Output Manager from the menu SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 20 of 40 2 toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for ea
30. rent model can be run by selecting the Solve gt Analyze menu option g Visualize Results The flow vectors for the current model can be visualized through the following steps 1 OpenACUMESH View gt ACUMESH menu option 2 Plot Flow Lines Plot Flow Lines 1 2 1 2 Results and Discussion Elevation m T00 200 Distance Along Flow Direction m Figure 3 ACUMESH flowlines for steady state flow regime 1 2 2 CHEMFLUX Model Now that the steady state flow hydraulic head gradients have been established in the SVFLUX software the focus turns to solving for the chemical concentrations with time for the solution domain In order to solve this model the user needs to perform the following steps SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 14 of 40 1 Create anew CHEMFLUX model 2 Apply appropriate boundary conditions in the CHEMFLUX model and 3 Apply appropriate material properties The methodology for setting up the model is detailed in the following sections Model Description Concentration 0 ift lt 5 then Concentration 1 Concentration 0 else Concentration 0 Zero Flux gt Zero Flux gt Zero Flux Figure 4 The 2D Vanderheijde example showing boundary conditions for the CHEMFLUX model Material Properties The material properties for the numerical model are as follows Longitudinal Dispersivity a 0 5m Transverse Dispersivity amp 0
31. roject Tutorial Model Example3D Minimum authorization required FULL It is important to note that you will be analyzing the SVFLUX model before the CHEMFLUX model is completed 1 4 1 Steady State SVFLUX Solution Advection is known as the process by which solutes are transported by the bulk motion of the flowing groundwater Freeze and Cherry 1979 The bulk motion of the flowing groundwater or seepage gradients are solved using SVFLUX SVFLUX calculates the seepage gradients and writes them to a text file The CHEMFLUX solver then reads this text file when calculating the contaminant transport solution Below is a description of the seepage model solved by SVFLUX SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 25 of 40 Project Ponds Model Reservoir3D e Model Dimensions 27 H 10 1 24 Figure 5 3D Example Model Dimensions The data points for the surface grids can be found Appendix B Enter these points to set up the SVFLUX model geometry SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 26 of 40 e Boundary Conditions Head 10 5m Figure 6 3D Example Boundary Conditions The steady state seepage model is set up to simulate a pond or reservoir a certain distance from a river channel The water levels in the reservoir and river channel are set using head boundary conditions The level of water in the reservoir is set using a Head Expression 10 5m set on surface 2 for the reservoir r
32. stems Ltd SVFLUX 1 is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVHEAT is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVAIRFLOW is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVSOLID is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVDYNAMIC is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd ACUMESH is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd FlexPDE is a registered trademark of PDE Solutions Inc Copyright 2008 by SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Printed in Canada SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 6 of 40 1 1 Introduction The Tutorial Manual serves a special role in guiding the first time users of the CHEMFLUX software through a typical example problem The example is typical in the sense that it is not too rigorous on one hand and not too simple on the other hand The Tutorial Manual serves as a guide by assisting the user with the input of data necessary to solve the boundary value problem ii explaining the relevance of the solution from an engineering standpoint and iii assisting with the visualization of the computer output An attempt has been made to ascertain and respond to questions most likely to be asked by first time users of CHEMFLUX 1 2 Sudicky Model Sudicky 1989 developed the following example The model considers flow and solute transport in a heterogeneous cross section with a highly irregular flow field dispersion parameters that are small compared wi
33. th the spatial discretization and a large contrast between longitudinal and transverse dispersivities Zheng and Wang 1999 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 390 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 X It is important to note that you will be analyzing the SVFLUX model before the CHEMFLUX model is completed 1 2 1 Steady State SVFLUX Model The completed model is present under the project and model listed below The user may open this model to run and display the results of the analysis The user can also recreate this model under a separate model file Project ContaminantPlumes Model VanderHeijdeSS VanderHeijde Minimum authorization required FULL The seepage model shown below gives the model dimensions boundary conditions material properties and the final flow regime This is followed by step by step instructions on how to enter and solve the contaminant SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 7 of 40 transport model Model Description Concentration 0 if t lt 5 then 1 else 0 Concentration 0 Normal Flux Expression 0 1 m yr 40 6 447 80 6 393 0 _ 0 5 375 m Zero Flux o 4 Gradient h 4 Gradient Zero Flux l Gradient 0 gt Figure 1 2D example model dimensions Material Properties Material Properties used for the SVFLUX steady state m
34. viewing results set the magnification factor in the View Settings 1 2 3 Select View Settings from the menu Set the aspect ratio near 1 10 This will magnify the model s height Click OK toclose the dialog SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD ChemFlux Tutorial Manual 10 of 40 b Enter Geometry The geometry must be defined for the SVFLUX model 1 Add Region The model is created with one defaultregion Another region be added under the Model gt Geometry gt Regions dialog by pressing the New button andclosing the dialog Select Region The user must select theregion they would like to draw using the Draw Region Polygon from the menu Draw Region 1 The firstregion can be extended by drawing the geometry on the CAD window using the Draw Region Polygon command Alternatively the Region Properties dialog can be opened Model gt Geometry gt Region Properties and theregion polyline points cut and pasted in from the provided spreadsheet The points can also be pasted into the dialog See Appendix A for the geometry of each region Select Region 2 The user must select Region 2 as the currentregion on which to draw Draw Region 2 The second region can be entered in a manner similar to that explained for Region 1 Repeat for Region 3 c Specify Boundary Conditions Flow models must generally have a defined entry and exit point for water to flow The boundary conditions shown at the start of this model can be entered usin
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